（单元培优卷）Unit 9 Power of Nature 单元全真模拟培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级英语下册仁爱科普版（2024）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （单元培优卷）Unit 9 Power of Nature 单元全真模拟培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级英语下册仁爱科普版（2024）（含答案解析） |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-10 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全真模拟培优卷仁爱科普版
（2024）Unit 9 Power of Nature
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Last summer, a terrible flood 1 our town. It rained heavily for three days. The river near our house rose 2 to a very high level. My family was busy 3 preparations. My father checked the house inside and out, and my mother bought cooked food and clean water.
When the flood came, the water 4 into our house’s first floor. We were 5 in the house for two days. We felt 6 and scared. But we had a first-aid kit and enough food. We also listened to the radio for 7 news.
After the flood, the town was in a mess. Many people lost their 8 . They needed help. We 9 together to clean the streets and rebuild houses. It was a 10 experience, but we learned to fight against natural disasters.
1．A．hit B．blew C．burned D．spread
2．A．to B．at C．with D．for
3．A．make B．making C．made D．to make
4．A．poured B．stepped C．swept D．held
5．A．stuck B．hid C．gathered D．pulled
6．A．confident B．helpless C．normal D．physical
7．A．latest B．usual C．southern D．coastal
8．A．homes B．passengers C．insects D．waterways
9．A．worked B．fought C．turned D．led
10．A．harmful B．terrible C．reasonable D．global
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The weatherman said there was going to be a terrible storm, but the weather was so nice. Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm, although Molly thought it wasn’t necessary.
Her mum left and was back an hour later. It was about 6:00 p.m., and the sky began to turn dark because of the black clouds. The wind also started to pick up. Then the rain started to beat against the windows. The trees shook hard. Some of the neighbours’ plants fell off their windows.“I'm scared,” said Molly to her mother. The storm lasted for about thirty minutes, long enough to make the lights go out and the old trees fall over. Even Gretchen, the cat, was staying quietly under the sofa. Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house. “What about dinner ” asked Molly. Her mother bought some fish when she went to the corner store. “I had a feeling that we wouldn’t be able to cook, so I bought the food and some bread,” said Molly’s mother. They ate the fish and the bread by candlelight. “You know, this is kind of fun. It’s almost like camping,” said Molly.
Later that night, the lights came back on. Molly said, “Although it was a scary time, my mother stayed with me all the time.”
11．Why did Molly’s mother go to the corner store
A．To get some newspapers. B．To get candles.
C．To get batteries. D．To get cat food.
12．What did Molly eat for dinner
A．Some cakes. B．The fish and the bread.
C．She ate nothing at all. D．Some cat food.
13．What does the underlined word “lit” mean in Paragraph 2
A．To make something start to burn.
B．To make a fire stop burning.
C．To offer something for people to buy.
D．To make something fall quickly.
14．What can we know from the passage
A．Molly's mother got wet because of the rainstorm.
B．The rainstorm started in the morning.
C．The rainstorm lasted for about half an hour.
D．Gretchen liked staying quietly under the sofa all the time.
15．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Night with a Rainstorm B．Molly and Her Cat
C．Molly’s Busy Night D．Mum’s Trip to the Store
B
Nature’s Disasters and Safety Tips
Nature’s temper can bring many kinds of disasters, such as earthquakes, typhoons, floods and wildfires. Each disaster has its own dangers, and we should know how to protect ourselves.
1. Earthquake: Drop, cover and hold on. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Do not run out of the building quickly.
2. Typhoon: Stay indoors. Close all windows and doors. Do not go near the seaside or low-lying areas.
3. Flood: Move to higher ground. Stay away from electrical wires and flooded streets. Do not drive through deep water.
4. Wildfire: Leave the area quickly. Cover your mouth with a wet cloth. Follow the directions of firefighters.
Knowing these tips can help us stay safe when nature’s temper appears.
16．What should we do during an earthquake
A．Run out of the building quickly. B．Stay away from windows.
C．Go near the seaside. D．Drive through deep water.
17．How many disasters are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
18．What should we do to protect ourselves from a flood
A．Stay in low-lying areas. B．Drive through flooded streets.
C．Move to higher ground. D．Touch electrical wires.
19．The underlined word “low-lying” means ________.
A．地势高的 B．地势低洼的 C．干燥的 D．炎热的
20．Which of the following is TRUE about wildfires
A．We should stay and watch the fire.
B．We don’t need to follow firefighters’ directions.
C．Covering the mouth with a wet cloth helps.
D．We should go into the fire to put it out.
C
On December 26, 2004, a massive tsunami struck the coastlines of several countries in Southeast Asia. One of the worst affected areas was Phuket, Thailand. Among the thousands of people on the beaches that day was a 10-year-old English girl named Tilly Smith.
Tilly was walking along the beach with her family when she noticed something unusual. The sea looked strange. There was thick white froth on the waves, and the water was pulling back from the shore, exposing the sea floor. Tilly remembered a geography lesson from two weeks earlier. Her teacher had explained that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
Tilly tried to warn her family, but they didn’t believe her at first. Her mother wanted to continue walking, but Tilly refused to go further. Finally, her father took her and her sister back to the hotel while her mother stayed on the beach.
At the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the possible tsunami. The guard immediately raised the alarm and began clearing the beach. People ran for safety as a huge wall of water approached. Tilly’s mother was one of the last to escape.
The tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths across the region, but thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick action, no one died on that beach. Tilly’s story shows how important education can be. A simple geography lesson helped a young girl save over 100 lives.
21．Where was Tilly Smith when the tsunami approached
A．At school. B．On a beach in Thailand. C．At a hotel.
22．What unusual signs did Tilly notice
A．Strong winds and dark clouds.
B．White froth and waves pulling back.
C．Heavy rain and thunder.
23．How did Tilly know about tsunamis
A．She had seen one before.
B．She learned about it in a geography lesson.
C．Her parents told her.
24．How did Tilly’s family react when she first warned them
A．They believed her immediately.
B．They didn’t believe her at first.
C．They ran away right away.
25．What happened to the people on the beach
A．Many of them died.
B．No one died because they were warned.
C．Everyone was saved by boats.
D
Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang. The earthquake brought a lot of damage (损坏) and problems to the local area. However, China showed an amazing rescue speed.
Just 10 minutes after the earthquake, rescue planes took off quickly. They carried things for rescue and doctors to the disaster area. It showed the high speed of a country to act in an emergency. 30 minutes after the earthquake, the rescue teams got to the earthquake’s most serious area. They began to look for people in the damaged buildings right away. Volunteers and local people also helped with the rescue work actively. Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.
Six hours after the earthquake, the electricity in the disaster area came back to normal. People could use lights again. On the same day, the internet service was almost back. ▲ The warm food not only made them full, but also made them feel better.
Although the earthquake was very bad, the people of Dingri County still had hope. With the help from all over China, they worked together to build their homes and their lives again. The fast rescue worked in Dingri earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about people’s lives.
26．When did the earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang
A．On 7 January, 2024. B．On 7 January, 2025.
C．On 1 July, 2024. D．On 1 July, 2025.
27．What does the underlined word “provide” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Fix. B．Offer. C．Knock. D．Doubt.
28．Why were drones used in the rescue work
A．To look for people in damaged buildings.
B．To carry doctors and rescue things.
C．To send food and give help.
D．To rebuild houses for local people.
29．Which of the following can we put “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3
A．That night, people in the disaster area had hot meals.
B．However, it was hard to save people in the area.
C．As a result, more people came to help.
D．On the next day, people could ask for help on the internet.
30．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To describe the great damage caused by the Dingri earthquake.
B．To show how volunteers and locals helped in the rescue.
C．To introduce the use of drones in disaster relief.
D．To show China’s rapid rescue ability and care for people’s lives.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项(有两项多余)。
Natural disasters are terrible events caused by nature. They can cause a lot of damage and even take people’s lives. 31
Earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters. They happen when the ground shakes suddenly. 32 People may lose their homes or get hurt in earthquakes.
Floods usually happen during heavy rain. 33 Floods can wash away houses, cars and even bridges.
Typhoons are strong storms that come from the sea. They bring heavy rain and strong wind. 34 When a typhoon comes, people have to stay inside and protect their homes.
35 We can learn safety rules, prepare emergency kits (急救包) and listen to weather reports. These can help us stay safe when natural disasters happen.
A．It’s important to know how to protect ourselves from natural disasters.
B．Some earthquakes are so strong that they can destroy whole cities.
C．There are many kinds of natural disasters.
D．Typhoons usually happen in summer and autumn.
E．The water in rivers and lakes rises and overflows (溢出) the banks.
F．Natural disasters are always good for the environment.
G．We should never go outside when it’s sunny.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．The sudden ________ (暴雨) caused rivers to overflow.
37．After the main earthquake, there were several ________ (余震) that frightened people.
38．All the ________ (乘客) on the plane were safe after the emergency landing.
39．The earthquake was a terrible ________ (灾难) for the whole country.
40．Many old people suffered from the ________ (热浪) last summer.
41．N________ disasters like floods and storms are very dangerous.
42．The terrible sandstorm d________ many crops in the field.
43．Don’t do anything that is h________ to nature, or we will get punished.
44．The strong w________ blew down many big trees in the park last night.
45．An e________ happened in the small town, and many houses fell down.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
with hurt hard trouble when mix care burn passenger kid
Last summer, a big forest fire broke out near our town. Firefighters arrived quickly, but they couldn’t stop it. That’s because the winds were strong, 46 the flames (火焰) with dry leaves, making it spread faster.
It was a real disaster. The fire 47 for days, destroying (毁灭) trees and houses nearby. Some firefighters got 48 —their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned—but they kept working. Even 49 their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed.
Why couldn’t they put it out Because 50 fires grow too big, they become very dangerous. The heat is too high, and the winds make it 51 to control.
This shows how important forest fire prevention is. Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out, can prevent big 52 .
For us 53 , what can we do First, never play with matches in the woods. If we see the start of a fire, tell an adult right away. Don’t try to put it out by ourselves—we might get hurt.
Fear of fires won’t help. If we are 54 and responsible, we can help prevent them from happening in the first place. Just like 55 follow rules on a bus to stay safe, we must follow forest rules to protect nature. It’s a must for everyone to prevent fires.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或其适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Last summer, a big flood hit my hometown. Our house is 10 meters 56 (high) than the river, so we thought it was safe at first. But my parents still made good 57 (prepare)—they bought lots of food and water, and put some 58 (flashlight) on the table.
On the evening of July 15th, the rain 59 (pour) down heavily. The river water kept rising because of the rain. My dad told us not to go out, 60 it was too dangerous. We 61 (stay) at home and listened to the weather report on the radio.
At midnight, we heard a loud noise. A tree near our house fell down! We felt scared, but we knew we must stay away 62 danger. The next morning, the flood stopped, but there were some small 63 (aftershock) of the “flood disaster”.
Luckily, no one in our town got hurt. But the flood was 64 (harm) to the farmlands — many crops died. From this experience, I learned that we should always be ready for natural disasters to keep 65 (we) safe.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
On 26th December 2004, at 7:58 a.m., there was a big earthquake in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia. The tsunami that followed killed more than 150,000 people and left 5 million homeless.
Peter and Kale from England were spending their holidays in Phuket with their dad. Now Peter is talking about that terrible day.
“When the tsunami hit, we were sleeping in the hotel. My sister and I woke up because we heard the police shout. We left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on. Outside, people were standing in shock. Suddenly, a man shouted, ‘Another one...There’s another one coming!’ We ran as quickly as possible to our room. While Dad was talking on the phone with Mum, the phone went dead. We left the hotel at once. On our way to the airport, we saw the beach ... It was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats. People were looking for their families. It was terrible! We were not dead because we didn’t go to the beach earlier that morning! Lots of other people weren’t that lucky. We just wanted to go home but the airport was closed! We’ll never forget what we saw over those days.”
66．Where did the big earthquake happen
67．What did Peter and Kale do after they woke up
68．According to the passage, what does the underlined word “one” refer to
69．What did they see on their way to the airport
70．How might Peter feel when they found the airport was closed
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．假设三个月前，一场飓风(hurricane)袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。
内容包括：
1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。
2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡，2400多座房屋倒塌。
3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。
要求：
1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数 80—100，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
思路点拨
1. 体裁：记叙文；2. 时态：主要使用一般过去时和一般现在时；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 框架结构：
[写作练习]
Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者所在城镇遭遇洪水的经历，包括洪水前的准备、洪水时的处境，以及洪水后的重建与感悟。
1．句意：去年夏天，一场可怕的洪水袭击了我们的城镇。
hit袭击；blew吹；burned燃烧；spread传播。根据“a terrible flood”与“our town”的关系，洪水的动作是“hit（袭击）”城镇。故选A。
2．句意：我们家附近的河涨到了一个非常高的水位。
to到；at在；with和；for为了。“rise to”是固定搭配，意为“涨到（某一水平）”，符合“a very high level”（很高的水位）的描述。故选A。
3．句意：我的家人忙着做准备。
make做；making做（现在分词）；made做（过去式）；to make做（不定式）。“be busy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忙着做某事”，所以用“making”。故选B。
4．句意：当洪水来临时，水涌入了我们的一楼。
poured涌入；stepped迈步；swept扫；held握住。根据“the water...into our first floor”的洪水场景，水的动作是“poured（涌入）”。故选A。
5．句意：我们被困在房子里两天了。
stuck被困；hid隐藏；gathered聚集；pulled拉。根据洪水涌入房屋的情况，人们会“stuck（被困）”在室内。故选A。
6．句意：我们感到无助又害怕。
confident自信的；helpless无助的；normal正常的；physical身体的。结合“scared（害怕的）”的并列，洪水被困的处境会让人感到“helpless（无助的）”。故选B。
7．句意：我们也听收音机了解最新的消息。
latest最新的；usual通常的；southern南方的；coastal沿海的。在洪水期间，听收音机是为了获取“latest（最新的）”消息。故选A。
8．句意：很多人失去了他们的家。
homes家；passengers乘客；insects昆虫；waterways水道。洪水灾害通常会导致人们“lose their homes（失去家）”。故选A。
9．句意：我们一起努力清理街道、重建房屋。
worked工作、努力；fought战斗；turned转动；led带领。“work together”是固定搭配，意为“一起努力”，符合灾后重建的行动。故选A。
10．句意：这是一次可怕的经历，但我们学会了对抗自然灾害。
harmful有害的；terrible可怕的；reasonable合理的；global全球的。根据前文洪水的破坏性，这是“terrible（可怕的）”经历。故选B。
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天气预报预告有暴风雨后，Molly的妈妈提前去街角商店准备物资，暴风雨来袭导致家中停电，Molly和妈妈在烛光下共度晚餐，最终恢复光明的故事，体现了妈妈的陪伴与家庭的温暖。
11．细节理解题。 根据第一段“Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries in the corner store to prepare for the storm,”可知，Molly的妈妈去街角商店是为了购买电池以应对即将到来的暴风雨。故选C。
12．细节理解题。 根据二段“They ate the fish and the bread by candlelight.”可知，Molly和妈妈在烛光下吃了鱼和面包作为晚餐。 故选B。
13．词句猜测题。 根据第二段“Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house”并结合语境可知，暴风雨导致停电，需要让蜡烛燃烧来照明，“lit”是“light”的过去式，意为 “点燃，使燃烧”。故选A。
14．细节理解题。 根据第二段“The storm lasted for about thirty minutes”可知，暴风雨持续了大约30分钟，即半小时。 故选C。
15．最佳标题题。 文章核心是围绕“一场暴风雨之夜”展开，从提前准备、暴风雨来袭、停电共度到恢复光明，完整记录了Molly和妈妈在这个夜晚的经历。故选A。
16．B 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种自然灾害（地震、台风、洪水和野火）以及对应的安全防护贴士。
16．细节理解题。根据“1. Earthquake:”部分的提示“Stay away from windows…”可知，地震时应远离窗户。故选B。
17．细节理解题。文中分别列举了地震（Earthquake）、台风（Typhoon）、洪水（Flood）和野火（Wildfire）四种灾害。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“3. Flood:”部分的提示“Move to higher ground.”可知，洪水时应转移到地势更高的地方。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。根据“2. Typhoon:”部分的提示“Do not go near the seaside or low-lying areas.”可知，台风时不应去海边或低洼地区，“low-lying”与“seaside”（海边，通常地势较低）并列，应表示“地势低洼的”意思。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“4. Wildfire:”部分的提示“Cover your mouth with a wet cloth.”可知，用湿布捂住口鼻有助于防护野火。故选C。
21．B 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了10岁英国女孩Tilly Smith在2004年海啸中，凭借地理课上学到的知识，及时预警并拯救了海滩上百人性命的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the worst affected areas was Phuket, Thailand. Among the thousands of people on the beaches that day was a 10-year-old English girl named Tilly Smith.”可知，海啸来临时，Tilly Smith在泰国的一处海滩上。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“The sea looked strange. There was thick white froth on the waves, and the water was pulling back from the shore, exposing the sea floor.”可知，Tilly注意到的是白色泡沫和海水退去的现象。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tilly remembered a geography lesson from two weeks earlier. Her teacher had explained that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.”可知，她是在两周前的地理课上学到了海啸的相关知识。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“Tilly tried to warn her family, but they didn’t believe her at first.”可知，她的家人一开始并不相信她的警告。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“...thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick action, no one died on that beach.”可知， 因为Tilly的预警，海滩上的人都得以生还，无人死亡。故选B。
26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生地震后，中国展现出的高效救援速度和以人为本的救灾行动。
26．细节理解题。根据“Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang.”可知，地震发生在2025年1月7日。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，是指无人机飞过该地区派送食物和提供帮助，provide表示“提供”，与offer同义。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，使用无人机是为了派送食物和提供帮助。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“The warm food not only made them full, but also made them feel better.”可知，空处应是介绍为受灾区提供热食，选项A“那天晚上，灾区的人们吃上了热饭。”符合语境。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“The fast rescue worked in Dingri earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about people’s lives.”可知，文章主旨是展示中国快速的救援能力和对人民生命的关怀。故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．E 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文介绍了地震、洪水、台风等几种常见的自然灾害及其危害，并说明了了解安全知识、做好准备的重要性。
31．根据前文“Natural disasters are terrible events caused by nature. They can cause a lot of damage and even take people’s lives.”可知，此处介绍了自然灾害的定义和危害，接下来应该总述自然灾害有多种类型，C项“自然灾害有很多种。”符合语境，引出下文对具体灾害的介绍。
32．根据前文“Earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters. They happen when the ground shakes suddenly.”可知，此处介绍地震的定义，接下来应该具体说明地震的危害程度，B项“有些地震非常强烈，足以摧毁整座城市。”符合语境，与后文“People may lose their homes or get hurt in earthquakes.”相呼应。
33．根据前文“Floods usually happen during heavy rain.”可知，洪水常发生在暴雨期间，接下来应该解释洪水是如何形成的，E项“河流和湖泊的水位上涨并溢出堤岸。”符合语境，具体说明洪水的成因。
34．根据前文“Typhoons are strong storms that come from the sea. They bring heavy rain and strong wind.”可知，此处介绍台风的特点，接下来应该补充台风发生的时间，D项“台风通常发生在夏季和秋季。”符合语境。
35．根据后文“We can learn safety rules, prepare emergency kits and listen to weather reports. These can help us stay safe when natural disasters happen.”可知，此处介绍了我们可以采取的安全措施，前文应该点明自我保护的重要性，A项“知道如何保护自己免受自然灾害的伤害是很重要的。”总领后文的具体做法。
36．rainstorm
【解析】句意：突如其来的暴雨导致河水泛滥。根据“The sudden...caused rivers to overflow.”可知，暴雨对应的复合词为“rainstorm”，故填rainstorm。
37．aftershocks
【解析】句意：主震之后，发生了几次让人们害怕的余震。根据汉语提示，余震：aftershock，是可数名词，several后接可数名词复数aftershocks。故填aftershocks。
38．passengers
【解析】句意：飞机紧急迫降后，机上所有乘客都安然无恙。“All the”后接可数名词复数，“乘客”对应的英文单词是“passenger”，其复数形式为“passengers”。故填passengers。
39．disaster
【解析】句意：地震对整个国家来说是一场可怕的灾难。“灾难”的英文是disaster，不定冠词a后接单数名词，填原形，故填disaster。
40．heatwave
【解析】句意：去年夏天，许多老人遭受了热浪的侵袭。根据汉语提示可知，heatwave“热浪”，此处特指去年夏天的那次热浪，用可数名词单数。故填heatwave。
41．Natural/atural
【解析】句意：像洪水和暴风雨这样的自然灾害非常危险。根据首字母提示和“disasters like floods and storms”可知，此处表示洪水和暴风雨这类自然灾害。形容词natural“自然的”与disasters构成固定搭配natural disasters“自然灾害”，符合语境。故Natural。
42．destroyed/estroyed
【解析】句意：可怕的沙尘暴毁坏了田地里的许多庄稼。根据“The terrible sandstorm…many crops in the field”以及首字母提示可知，此处指沙尘暴毁坏了田地里的许多庄稼，destroy“毁坏”，此处指过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，用过去式destroyed。故填destroyed。
43．harmful/armful
【解析】句意：不要做任何对自然有害的事情，否则我们会受到惩罚。根据“Don’t do anything that is…to nature, or we will get punished.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指不要做任何对自然有害的事情，harmful“有害的”，此处作be动词is的表语，be harmful to…“对……有害”。故填harmful。
44．wind/ind
【解析】句意：昨晚，强风刮倒了公园里的许多大树。根据“blew down many big trees”以及首字母提示可知，此处指风，wind“风”，根据“The strong”可知，此处用单数形式。故填wind。
45．earthquake/arthquake
【解析】句意：这个小镇发生了一场地震，许多房屋倒塌了。根据“many houses fell down”和首字母e可知，此处指“地震”，earthquake“地震”，空前有不定冠词An，名词用单数。故填earthquake。
46．mixing 47．burned 48．hurt 49．with 50．when 51．hard 52．troubles 53．kids 54．careful 55．passengers
【导语】本文主要讲述了去年夏天发生在小镇附近的一场严重森林火灾，分析了火灾难以扑灭的原因，并强调了森林防火的重要性，呼吁大家特别是孩子们要负起责任、遵守规则，预防火灾。
46．句意：那是因为风很大，将火焰和干树叶混合在一起，使其蔓延得更快。根据空后“the flames (火焰) with dry leaves”可知，此处表示“将……和……混合”，应用 mix…with… 结构。mixing为现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动和伴随，即“风很大，（同时）将火焰和树叶混合在一起”，说明风大带来的伴随结果。故填mixing。
47．句意：大火燃烧了数天，摧毁了附近的树木和房屋。根据“It was a real disaster.”可知，时态为一般过去时，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。burn的过去式为burned。故填burned。
48．句意：一些消防员受伤了——他们的手、脸、胳膊和腿都被烧伤了——但他们继续工作。根据后文“their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned”可知，消防员受伤了。get hurt是固定搭配，意为“受伤”。故填hurt。
49．句意：尽管他们尽了最大努力，大部分森林还是被摧毁了。根据“their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed”可知，尽管消防员努力，但森林仍被摧毁，表示让步关系。with one’s best efforts 是固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力”。故填with。
50．句意：因为当火灾变得太大时，它们就会变得非常危险。根据“fires grow too big, they become very dangerous”可知，此处表示时间条件，即“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
51．句意：热量太高，风力使其难以控制。根据“The heat is too high”可知，火灾难以控制，此处应用形容词hard作宾补，构成make it hard to do sth.结构，意为“使做某事变得困难”。故填hard。
52．句意：即使是小的行为，比如确保营火完全熄灭，也可以防止大麻烦。根据“Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out”可知，防止的是大麻烦或问题，应用名词trouble的复数形式troubles，表示泛指。故填troubles。
53．句意：对于我们孩子来说，我们能做什么？根据下文“First, never play with matches in the woods.”以及语境可知，此处是针对孩子们说的，应用kid的复数形式kids。故填kids。
54．句意：如果我们细心且负责任，我们就能从一开始就帮助防止火灾发生。根据并列形容词responsible可知，此处也应用形容词作表语，表示“细心的”，careful符合语境。故填careful。
55．句意：就像乘客在公交车上遵守规则以确保安全一样，我们必须遵守森林规则以保护自然。根据“follow rules on a bus”可知，此处指公交车上的乘客，应用passenger的复数形式passengers，表示泛指。故填passengers。
56．higher 57．preparations 58．flashlights 59．poured 60．because 61．stayed 62．from 63．aftershocks 64．harmful 65．ourselves
【导语】本文主要介绍了去年暑假，洪水袭击了我的家乡，我们一家人所经历的事情。
56．句意：我们的房子比这条河高10米，所以我们认为它是安全的。根据than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，high意为“高的”，其比较级为higher。故填higher。
57．句意：但我父母还是做了充分的准备——他们买了大量的食物和水，并在桌子上放了一些手电筒。good“好的”为形容词，后接名词。 prepare“准备”为动词，其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备”，可数名词，此处用其复数形式。故填preparations。
58．句意：但我父母还是做了充分的准备——他们买了大量的食物和水，并在桌子上放了一些手电筒。flashlight“手电筒”为可数名词，根据some “一些”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填flashlights。
59．句意：7月15日晚上，大雨倾盆而下。根据“On the evening of July 15th”可知，此句时态应用一般过去时，pour“倾泻”为动词，其过去式poured。故填poured。
60．句意：我爸爸告诉我们不要出去，因为太危险了。根据句意可知，“太危险了”是“爸爸告诉我们不要出去”的原因，所以此处应用连词because，意为“因为”。故填because。
61．句意：我们呆在家里听收音机的天气预报。根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，所以此句时态应用一般过去时，stay“呆”为动词，其过去式为stayed。故填stayed。
62．句意：我们感到害怕，但我们知道我们必须远离危险。stay away from意为“远离”。故填from。
63．句意：第二天早上洪水停了，但这场“洪灾”还有一些小的余波。 some后接可数名词复数，aftershock是可数名词，其复数形式是aftershocks。故填aftershocks。
64．句意：但洪水对农田有害——很多庄稼都死了。be harmful to意为“对……有害”。故填harmful。
65．句意：从这次经历中，我逐渐意识到我们应该时刻为自然灾害做好准备，以确保自己的安全。keep oneself safe表示“保护某人自己安全”，这里要用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
66．It happened in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia. 67．They left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on. 68．The tsunami. 69．The beach was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats, and people were looking for their families. 70．Afraid and nervous./...
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了2004年印度洋地震引发的海啸对Peter一家造成的灾难性影响，以及他们逃生的经历。
66．根据“On 26th December 2004, at 7:58 a.m., there was a big earthquake in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia.”可知，印度尼西亚附近的印度洋发生了大地震。故填It happened in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia.
67．根据“We left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on.”可知，Peter和Kale醒来后，让爸爸继续睡觉，自己下楼去查看发生了什么。故填They left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on.
68．根据“Suddenly, a man shouted, ‘Another one… There’s another one coming!’”以及“The tsunami that followed killed more than 150,000 people and left 5 million homeless.”可知，此处指海啸。故填The tsunami.
69．根据“On our way to the airport, we saw the beach ... It was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats. People were looking for their families”可知，在去机场的路上，他们看到海滩上满是破损的遮阳伞和船只，人们正在寻找家人。故填The beach was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats, and people were looking for their families.
70．根据“We just wanted to go home but the airport was closed!”以及发生海啸的背景可推知，Peter当时的心情是害怕且紧张不安的。故填Afraid and nervous./...
71．One possible version:
Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster.
In the beginning, the sky became dark. Everyone could hear a strange noise, but nobody knew what was happening. We heard thunder and saw lightning. Two hours later, the hurricane disappeared.
During the disaster, seven people lost their lives. Over 2,400 houses fell down. Many people had nowhere to live. After the disaster, people began to help each other. Many police officers and firefighters came to help us, too.
I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接已给的开头，引出话题；
第二步，具体叙述过程，如飓风来临时的天气现象及过后造成的损失等；
第三步，介绍从中得到的启示。
[亮点词汇]
①natural disaster自然灾害
②lose one’s life丧生
③fall down倒塌
[高分句型]
I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.（宾语从句；时间状语从句）
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全真模拟培优卷仁爱科普版
（2024）Unit 9 Power of Nature
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Last summer, a terrible flood 1 our town. It rained heavily for three days. The river near our house rose 2 to a very high level. My family was busy 3 preparations. My father checked the house inside and out, and my mother bought cooked food and clean water.
When the flood came, the water 4 into our house’s first floor. We were 5 in the house for two days. We felt 6 and scared. But we had a first-aid kit and enough food. We also listened to the radio for 7 news.
After the flood, the town was in a mess. Many people lost their 8 . They needed help. We 9 together to clean the streets and rebuild houses. It was a 10 experience, but we learned to fight against natural disasters.
1．A．hit B．blew C．burned D．spread
2．A．to B．at C．with D．for
3．A．make B．making C．made D．to make
4．A．poured B．stepped C．swept D．held
5．A．stuck B．hid C．gathered D．pulled
6．A．confident B．helpless C．normal D．physical
7．A．latest B．usual C．southern D．coastal
8．A．homes B．passengers C．insects D．waterways
9．A．worked B．fought C．turned D．led
10．A．harmful B．terrible C．reasonable D．global
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The weatherman said there was going to be a terrible storm, but the weather was so nice. Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries (电池) in the corner store to prepare for the storm, although Molly thought it wasn’t necessary.
Her mum left and was back an hour later. It was about 6:00 p.m., and the sky began to turn dark because of the black clouds. The wind also started to pick up. Then the rain started to beat against the windows. The trees shook hard. Some of the neighbours’ plants fell off their windows.“I'm scared,” said Molly to her mother. The storm lasted for about thirty minutes, long enough to make the lights go out and the old trees fall over. Even Gretchen, the cat, was staying quietly under the sofa. Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house. “What about dinner ” asked Molly. Her mother bought some fish when she went to the corner store. “I had a feeling that we wouldn’t be able to cook, so I bought the food and some bread,” said Molly’s mother. They ate the fish and the bread by candlelight. “You know, this is kind of fun. It’s almost like camping,” said Molly.
Later that night, the lights came back on. Molly said, “Although it was a scary time, my mother stayed with me all the time.”
11．Why did Molly’s mother go to the corner store
A．To get some newspapers. B．To get candles.
C．To get batteries. D．To get cat food.
12．What did Molly eat for dinner
A．Some cakes. B．The fish and the bread.
C．She ate nothing at all. D．Some cat food.
13．What does the underlined word “lit” mean in Paragraph 2
A．To make something start to burn.
B．To make a fire stop burning.
C．To offer something for people to buy.
D．To make something fall quickly.
14．What can we know from the passage
A．Molly's mother got wet because of the rainstorm.
B．The rainstorm started in the morning.
C．The rainstorm lasted for about half an hour.
D．Gretchen liked staying quietly under the sofa all the time.
15．What is the best title for the passage
A．A Night with a Rainstorm B．Molly and Her Cat
C．Molly’s Busy Night D．Mum’s Trip to the Store
B
Nature’s Disasters and Safety Tips
Nature’s temper can bring many kinds of disasters, such as earthquakes, typhoons, floods and wildfires. Each disaster has its own dangers, and we should know how to protect ourselves.
1. Earthquake: Drop, cover and hold on. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Do not run out of the building quickly.
2. Typhoon: Stay indoors. Close all windows and doors. Do not go near the seaside or low-lying areas.
3. Flood: Move to higher ground. Stay away from electrical wires and flooded streets. Do not drive through deep water.
4. Wildfire: Leave the area quickly. Cover your mouth with a wet cloth. Follow the directions of firefighters.
Knowing these tips can help us stay safe when nature’s temper appears.
16．What should we do during an earthquake
A．Run out of the building quickly. B．Stay away from windows.
C．Go near the seaside. D．Drive through deep water.
17．How many disasters are mentioned in the passage
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
18．What should we do to protect ourselves from a flood
A．Stay in low-lying areas. B．Drive through flooded streets.
C．Move to higher ground. D．Touch electrical wires.
19．The underlined word “low-lying” means ________.
A．地势高的 B．地势低洼的 C．干燥的 D．炎热的
20．Which of the following is TRUE about wildfires
A．We should stay and watch the fire.
B．We don’t need to follow firefighters’ directions.
C．Covering the mouth with a wet cloth helps.
D．We should go into the fire to put it out.
C
On December 26, 2004, a massive tsunami struck the coastlines of several countries in Southeast Asia. One of the worst affected areas was Phuket, Thailand. Among the thousands of people on the beaches that day was a 10-year-old English girl named Tilly Smith.
Tilly was walking along the beach with her family when she noticed something unusual. The sea looked strange. There was thick white froth on the waves, and the water was pulling back from the shore, exposing the sea floor. Tilly remembered a geography lesson from two weeks earlier. Her teacher had explained that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
Tilly tried to warn her family, but they didn’t believe her at first. Her mother wanted to continue walking, but Tilly refused to go further. Finally, her father took her and her sister back to the hotel while her mother stayed on the beach.
At the hotel, Tilly’s father told a security guard about the possible tsunami. The guard immediately raised the alarm and began clearing the beach. People ran for safety as a huge wall of water approached. Tilly’s mother was one of the last to escape.
The tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths across the region, but thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick action, no one died on that beach. Tilly’s story shows how important education can be. A simple geography lesson helped a young girl save over 100 lives.
21．Where was Tilly Smith when the tsunami approached
A．At school. B．On a beach in Thailand. C．At a hotel.
22．What unusual signs did Tilly notice
A．Strong winds and dark clouds.
B．White froth and waves pulling back.
C．Heavy rain and thunder.
23．How did Tilly know about tsunamis
A．She had seen one before.
B．She learned about it in a geography lesson.
C．Her parents told her.
24．How did Tilly’s family react when she first warned them
A．They believed her immediately.
B．They didn’t believe her at first.
C．They ran away right away.
25．What happened to the people on the beach
A．Many of them died.
B．No one died because they were warned.
C．Everyone was saved by boats.
D
Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang. The earthquake brought a lot of damage (损坏) and problems to the local area. However, China showed an amazing rescue speed.
Just 10 minutes after the earthquake, rescue planes took off quickly. They carried things for rescue and doctors to the disaster area. It showed the high speed of a country to act in an emergency. 30 minutes after the earthquake, the rescue teams got to the earthquake’s most serious area. They began to look for people in the damaged buildings right away. Volunteers and local people also helped with the rescue work actively. Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.
Six hours after the earthquake, the electricity in the disaster area came back to normal. People could use lights again. On the same day, the internet service was almost back. ▲ The warm food not only made them full, but also made them feel better.
Although the earthquake was very bad, the people of Dingri County still had hope. With the help from all over China, they worked together to build their homes and their lives again. The fast rescue worked in Dingri earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about people’s lives.
26．When did the earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang
A．On 7 January, 2024. B．On 7 January, 2025.
C．On 1 July, 2024. D．On 1 July, 2025.
27．What does the underlined word “provide” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Fix. B．Offer. C．Knock. D．Doubt.
28．Why were drones used in the rescue work
A．To look for people in damaged buildings.
B．To carry doctors and rescue things.
C．To send food and give help.
D．To rebuild houses for local people.
29．Which of the following can we put “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3
A．That night, people in the disaster area had hot meals.
B．However, it was hard to save people in the area.
C．As a result, more people came to help.
D．On the next day, people could ask for help on the internet.
30．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To describe the great damage caused by the Dingri earthquake.
B．To show how volunteers and locals helped in the rescue.
C．To introduce the use of drones in disaster relief.
D．To show China’s rapid rescue ability and care for people’s lives.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项(有两项多余)。
Natural disasters are terrible events caused by nature. They can cause a lot of damage and even take people’s lives. 31
Earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters. They happen when the ground shakes suddenly. 32 People may lose their homes or get hurt in earthquakes.
Floods usually happen during heavy rain. 33 Floods can wash away houses, cars and even bridges.
Typhoons are strong storms that come from the sea. They bring heavy rain and strong wind. 34 When a typhoon comes, people have to stay inside and protect their homes.
35 We can learn safety rules, prepare emergency kits (急救包) and listen to weather reports. These can help us stay safe when natural disasters happen.
A．It’s important to know how to protect ourselves from natural disasters.
B．Some earthquakes are so strong that they can destroy whole cities.
C．There are many kinds of natural disasters.
D．Typhoons usually happen in summer and autumn.
E．The water in rivers and lakes rises and overflows (溢出) the banks.
F．Natural disasters are always good for the environment.
G．We should never go outside when it’s sunny.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．The sudden ________ (暴雨) caused rivers to overflow.
37．After the main earthquake, there were several ________ (余震) that frightened people.
38．All the ________ (乘客) on the plane were safe after the emergency landing.
39．The earthquake was a terrible ________ (灾难) for the whole country.
40．Many old people suffered from the ________ (热浪) last summer.
41．N________ disasters like floods and storms are very dangerous.
42．The terrible sandstorm d________ many crops in the field.
43．Don’t do anything that is h________ to nature, or we will get punished.
44．The strong w________ blew down many big trees in the park last night.
45．An e________ happened in the small town, and many houses fell down.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
with hurt hard trouble when mix care burn passenger kid
Last summer, a big forest fire broke out near our town. Firefighters arrived quickly, but they couldn’t stop it. That’s because the winds were strong, 46 the flames (火焰) with dry leaves, making it spread faster.
It was a real disaster. The fire 47 for days, destroying (毁灭) trees and houses nearby. Some firefighters got 48 —their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned—but they kept working. Even 49 their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed.
Why couldn’t they put it out Because 50 fires grow too big, they become very dangerous. The heat is too high, and the winds make it 51 to control.
This shows how important forest fire prevention is. Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out, can prevent big 52 .
For us 53 , what can we do First, never play with matches in the woods. If we see the start of a fire, tell an adult right away. Don’t try to put it out by ourselves—we might get hurt.
Fear of fires won’t help. If we are 54 and responsible, we can help prevent them from happening in the first place. Just like 55 follow rules on a bus to stay safe, we must follow forest rules to protect nature. It’s a must for everyone to prevent fires.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，根据情景或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词或其适当形式，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Last summer, a big flood hit my hometown. Our house is 10 meters 56 (high) than the river, so we thought it was safe at first. But my parents still made good 57 (prepare)—they bought lots of food and water, and put some 58 (flashlight) on the table.
On the evening of July 15th, the rain 59 (pour) down heavily. The river water kept rising because of the rain. My dad told us not to go out, 60 it was too dangerous. We 61 (stay) at home and listened to the weather report on the radio.
At midnight, we heard a loud noise. A tree near our house fell down! We felt scared, but we knew we must stay away 62 danger. The next morning, the flood stopped, but there were some small 63 (aftershock) of the “flood disaster”.
Luckily, no one in our town got hurt. But the flood was 64 (harm) to the farmlands — many crops died. From this experience, I learned that we should always be ready for natural disasters to keep 65 (we) safe.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
On 26th December 2004, at 7:58 a.m., there was a big earthquake in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia. The tsunami that followed killed more than 150,000 people and left 5 million homeless.
Peter and Kale from England were spending their holidays in Phuket with their dad. Now Peter is talking about that terrible day.
“When the tsunami hit, we were sleeping in the hotel. My sister and I woke up because we heard the police shout. We left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on. Outside, people were standing in shock. Suddenly, a man shouted, ‘Another one...There’s another one coming!’ We ran as quickly as possible to our room. While Dad was talking on the phone with Mum, the phone went dead. We left the hotel at once. On our way to the airport, we saw the beach ... It was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats. People were looking for their families. It was terrible! We were not dead because we didn’t go to the beach earlier that morning! Lots of other people weren’t that lucky. We just wanted to go home but the airport was closed! We’ll never forget what we saw over those days.”
66．Where did the big earthquake happen
67．What did Peter and Kale do after they woke up
68．According to the passage, what does the underlined word “one” refer to
69．What did they see on their way to the airport
70．How might Peter feel when they found the airport was closed
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．假设三个月前，一场飓风(hurricane)袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。
内容包括：
1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。
2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡，2400多座房屋倒塌。
3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。
要求：
1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；
3. 词数 80—100，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
思路点拨
1. 体裁：记叙文；2. 时态：主要使用一般过去时和一般现在时；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 框架结构：
[写作练习]
Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者所在城镇遭遇洪水的经历，包括洪水前的准备、洪水时的处境，以及洪水后的重建与感悟。
1．句意：去年夏天，一场可怕的洪水袭击了我们的城镇。
hit袭击；blew吹；burned燃烧；spread传播。根据“a terrible flood”与“our town”的关系，洪水的动作是“hit（袭击）”城镇。故选A。
2．句意：我们家附近的河涨到了一个非常高的水位。
to到；at在；with和；for为了。“rise to”是固定搭配，意为“涨到（某一水平）”，符合“a very high level”（很高的水位）的描述。故选A。
3．句意：我的家人忙着做准备。
make做；making做（现在分词）；made做（过去式）；to make做（不定式）。“be busy doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忙着做某事”，所以用“making”。故选B。
4．句意：当洪水来临时，水涌入了我们的一楼。
poured涌入；stepped迈步；swept扫；held握住。根据“the water...into our first floor”的洪水场景，水的动作是“poured（涌入）”。故选A。
5．句意：我们被困在房子里两天了。
stuck被困；hid隐藏；gathered聚集；pulled拉。根据洪水涌入房屋的情况，人们会“stuck（被困）”在室内。故选A。
6．句意：我们感到无助又害怕。
confident自信的；helpless无助的；normal正常的；physical身体的。结合“scared（害怕的）”的并列，洪水被困的处境会让人感到“helpless（无助的）”。故选B。
7．句意：我们也听收音机了解最新的消息。
latest最新的；usual通常的；southern南方的；coastal沿海的。在洪水期间，听收音机是为了获取“latest（最新的）”消息。故选A。
8．句意：很多人失去了他们的家。
homes家；passengers乘客；insects昆虫；waterways水道。洪水灾害通常会导致人们“lose their homes（失去家）”。故选A。
9．句意：我们一起努力清理街道、重建房屋。
worked工作、努力；fought战斗；turned转动；led带领。“work together”是固定搭配，意为“一起努力”，符合灾后重建的行动。故选A。
10．句意：这是一次可怕的经历，但我们学会了对抗自然灾害。
harmful有害的；terrible可怕的；reasonable合理的；global全球的。根据前文洪水的破坏性，这是“terrible（可怕的）”经历。故选B。
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天气预报预告有暴风雨后，Molly的妈妈提前去街角商店准备物资，暴风雨来袭导致家中停电，Molly和妈妈在烛光下共度晚餐，最终恢复光明的故事，体现了妈妈的陪伴与家庭的温暖。
11．细节理解题。 根据第一段“Molly’s mother was going to buy some batteries in the corner store to prepare for the storm,”可知，Molly的妈妈去街角商店是为了购买电池以应对即将到来的暴风雨。故选C。
12．细节理解题。 根据二段“They ate the fish and the bread by candlelight.”可知，Molly和妈妈在烛光下吃了鱼和面包作为晚餐。 故选B。
13．词句猜测题。 根据第二段“Molly’s mother lit some candles so they could see their way around the house”并结合语境可知，暴风雨导致停电，需要让蜡烛燃烧来照明，“lit”是“light”的过去式，意为 “点燃，使燃烧”。故选A。
14．细节理解题。 根据第二段“The storm lasted for about thirty minutes”可知，暴风雨持续了大约30分钟，即半小时。 故选C。
15．最佳标题题。 文章核心是围绕“一场暴风雨之夜”展开，从提前准备、暴风雨来袭、停电共度到恢复光明，完整记录了Molly和妈妈在这个夜晚的经历。故选A。
16．B 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种自然灾害（地震、台风、洪水和野火）以及对应的安全防护贴士。
16．细节理解题。根据“1. Earthquake:”部分的提示“Stay away from windows…”可知，地震时应远离窗户。故选B。
17．细节理解题。文中分别列举了地震（Earthquake）、台风（Typhoon）、洪水（Flood）和野火（Wildfire）四种灾害。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“3. Flood:”部分的提示“Move to higher ground.”可知，洪水时应转移到地势更高的地方。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。根据“2. Typhoon:”部分的提示“Do not go near the seaside or low-lying areas.”可知，台风时不应去海边或低洼地区，“low-lying”与“seaside”（海边，通常地势较低）并列，应表示“地势低洼的”意思。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“4. Wildfire:”部分的提示“Cover your mouth with a wet cloth.”可知，用湿布捂住口鼻有助于防护野火。故选C。
21．B 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了10岁英国女孩Tilly Smith在2004年海啸中，凭借地理课上学到的知识，及时预警并拯救了海滩上百人性命的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the worst affected areas was Phuket, Thailand. Among the thousands of people on the beaches that day was a 10-year-old English girl named Tilly Smith.”可知，海啸来临时，Tilly Smith在泰国的一处海滩上。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“The sea looked strange. There was thick white froth on the waves, and the water was pulling back from the shore, exposing the sea floor.”可知，Tilly注意到的是白色泡沫和海水退去的现象。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tilly remembered a geography lesson from two weeks earlier. Her teacher had explained that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.”可知，她是在两周前的地理课上学到了海啸的相关知识。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“Tilly tried to warn her family, but they didn’t believe her at first.”可知，她的家人一开始并不相信她的警告。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“...thanks to Tilly’s knowledge and quick action, no one died on that beach.”可知， 因为Tilly的预警，海滩上的人都得以生还，无人死亡。故选B。
26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生地震后，中国展现出的高效救援速度和以人为本的救灾行动。
26．细节理解题。根据“Many natural disasters happen suddenly, On 7 January 2025, an earthquake hit Dingri County in Xizang.”可知，地震发生在2025年1月7日。故选B。
27．词句猜测题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，是指无人机飞过该地区派送食物和提供帮助，provide表示“提供”，与offer同义。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“Drones flew over the area to send food and provide help.”可知，使用无人机是为了派送食物和提供帮助。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“The warm food not only made them full, but also made them feel better.”可知，空处应是介绍为受灾区提供热食，选项A“那天晚上，灾区的人们吃上了热饭。”符合语境。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据“The fast rescue worked in Dingri earthquake shows China’s strong power to face natural disasters. It also shows that the country cares a lot about people’s lives.”可知，文章主旨是展示中国快速的救援能力和对人民生命的关怀。故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．E 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文介绍了地震、洪水、台风等几种常见的自然灾害及其危害，并说明了了解安全知识、做好准备的重要性。
31．根据前文“Natural disasters are terrible events caused by nature. They can cause a lot of damage and even take people’s lives.”可知，此处介绍了自然灾害的定义和危害，接下来应该总述自然灾害有多种类型，C项“自然灾害有很多种。”符合语境，引出下文对具体灾害的介绍。
32．根据前文“Earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters. They happen when the ground shakes suddenly.”可知，此处介绍地震的定义，接下来应该具体说明地震的危害程度，B项“有些地震非常强烈，足以摧毁整座城市。”符合语境，与后文“People may lose their homes or get hurt in earthquakes.”相呼应。
33．根据前文“Floods usually happen during heavy rain.”可知，洪水常发生在暴雨期间，接下来应该解释洪水是如何形成的，E项“河流和湖泊的水位上涨并溢出堤岸。”符合语境，具体说明洪水的成因。
34．根据前文“Typhoons are strong storms that come from the sea. They bring heavy rain and strong wind.”可知，此处介绍台风的特点，接下来应该补充台风发生的时间，D项“台风通常发生在夏季和秋季。”符合语境。
35．根据后文“We can learn safety rules, prepare emergency kits and listen to weather reports. These can help us stay safe when natural disasters happen.”可知，此处介绍了我们可以采取的安全措施，前文应该点明自我保护的重要性，A项“知道如何保护自己免受自然灾害的伤害是很重要的。”总领后文的具体做法。
36．rainstorm
【解析】句意：突如其来的暴雨导致河水泛滥。根据“The sudden...caused rivers to overflow.”可知，暴雨对应的复合词为“rainstorm”，故填rainstorm。
37．aftershocks
【解析】句意：主震之后，发生了几次让人们害怕的余震。根据汉语提示，余震：aftershock，是可数名词，several后接可数名词复数aftershocks。故填aftershocks。
38．passengers
【解析】句意：飞机紧急迫降后，机上所有乘客都安然无恙。“All the”后接可数名词复数，“乘客”对应的英文单词是“passenger”，其复数形式为“passengers”。故填passengers。
39．disaster
【解析】句意：地震对整个国家来说是一场可怕的灾难。“灾难”的英文是disaster，不定冠词a后接单数名词，填原形，故填disaster。
40．heatwave
【解析】句意：去年夏天，许多老人遭受了热浪的侵袭。根据汉语提示可知，heatwave“热浪”，此处特指去年夏天的那次热浪，用可数名词单数。故填heatwave。
41．Natural/atural
【解析】句意：像洪水和暴风雨这样的自然灾害非常危险。根据首字母提示和“disasters like floods and storms”可知，此处表示洪水和暴风雨这类自然灾害。形容词natural“自然的”与disasters构成固定搭配natural disasters“自然灾害”，符合语境。故Natural。
42．destroyed/estroyed
【解析】句意：可怕的沙尘暴毁坏了田地里的许多庄稼。根据“The terrible sandstorm…many crops in the field”以及首字母提示可知，此处指沙尘暴毁坏了田地里的许多庄稼，destroy“毁坏”，此处指过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，用过去式destroyed。故填destroyed。
43．harmful/armful
【解析】句意：不要做任何对自然有害的事情，否则我们会受到惩罚。根据“Don’t do anything that is…to nature, or we will get punished.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指不要做任何对自然有害的事情，harmful“有害的”，此处作be动词is的表语，be harmful to…“对……有害”。故填harmful。
44．wind/ind
【解析】句意：昨晚，强风刮倒了公园里的许多大树。根据“blew down many big trees”以及首字母提示可知，此处指风，wind“风”，根据“The strong”可知，此处用单数形式。故填wind。
45．earthquake/arthquake
【解析】句意：这个小镇发生了一场地震，许多房屋倒塌了。根据“many houses fell down”和首字母e可知，此处指“地震”，earthquake“地震”，空前有不定冠词An，名词用单数。故填earthquake。
46．mixing 47．burned 48．hurt 49．with 50．when 51．hard 52．troubles 53．kids 54．careful 55．passengers
【导语】本文主要讲述了去年夏天发生在小镇附近的一场严重森林火灾，分析了火灾难以扑灭的原因，并强调了森林防火的重要性，呼吁大家特别是孩子们要负起责任、遵守规则，预防火灾。
46．句意：那是因为风很大，将火焰和干树叶混合在一起，使其蔓延得更快。根据空后“the flames (火焰) with dry leaves”可知，此处表示“将……和……混合”，应用 mix…with… 结构。mixing为现在分词作伴随状语，表示主动和伴随，即“风很大，（同时）将火焰和树叶混合在一起”，说明风大带来的伴随结果。故填mixing。
47．句意：大火燃烧了数天，摧毁了附近的树木和房屋。根据“It was a real disaster.”可知，时态为一般过去时，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。burn的过去式为burned。故填burned。
48．句意：一些消防员受伤了——他们的手、脸、胳膊和腿都被烧伤了——但他们继续工作。根据后文“their hands, faces, arms and legs were burned”可知，消防员受伤了。get hurt是固定搭配，意为“受伤”。故填hurt。
49．句意：尽管他们尽了最大努力，大部分森林还是被摧毁了。根据“their best efforts, much of the forest was destroyed”可知，尽管消防员努力，但森林仍被摧毁，表示让步关系。with one’s best efforts 是固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力”。故填with。
50．句意：因为当火灾变得太大时，它们就会变得非常危险。根据“fires grow too big, they become very dangerous”可知，此处表示时间条件，即“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
51．句意：热量太高，风力使其难以控制。根据“The heat is too high”可知，火灾难以控制，此处应用形容词hard作宾补，构成make it hard to do sth.结构，意为“使做某事变得困难”。故填hard。
52．句意：即使是小的行为，比如确保营火完全熄灭，也可以防止大麻烦。根据“Even small acts, like making sure campfires are completely out”可知，防止的是大麻烦或问题，应用名词trouble的复数形式troubles，表示泛指。故填troubles。
53．句意：对于我们孩子来说，我们能做什么？根据下文“First, never play with matches in the woods.”以及语境可知，此处是针对孩子们说的，应用kid的复数形式kids。故填kids。
54．句意：如果我们细心且负责任，我们就能从一开始就帮助防止火灾发生。根据并列形容词responsible可知，此处也应用形容词作表语，表示“细心的”，careful符合语境。故填careful。
55．句意：就像乘客在公交车上遵守规则以确保安全一样，我们必须遵守森林规则以保护自然。根据“follow rules on a bus”可知，此处指公交车上的乘客，应用passenger的复数形式passengers，表示泛指。故填passengers。
56．higher 57．preparations 58．flashlights 59．poured 60．because 61．stayed 62．from 63．aftershocks 64．harmful 65．ourselves
【导语】本文主要介绍了去年暑假，洪水袭击了我的家乡，我们一家人所经历的事情。
56．句意：我们的房子比这条河高10米，所以我们认为它是安全的。根据than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，high意为“高的”，其比较级为higher。故填higher。
57．句意：但我父母还是做了充分的准备——他们买了大量的食物和水，并在桌子上放了一些手电筒。good“好的”为形容词，后接名词。 prepare“准备”为动词，其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备”，可数名词，此处用其复数形式。故填preparations。
58．句意：但我父母还是做了充分的准备——他们买了大量的食物和水，并在桌子上放了一些手电筒。flashlight“手电筒”为可数名词，根据some “一些”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填flashlights。
59．句意：7月15日晚上，大雨倾盆而下。根据“On the evening of July 15th”可知，此句时态应用一般过去时，pour“倾泻”为动词，其过去式poured。故填poured。
60．句意：我爸爸告诉我们不要出去，因为太危险了。根据句意可知，“太危险了”是“爸爸告诉我们不要出去”的原因，所以此处应用连词because，意为“因为”。故填because。
61．句意：我们呆在家里听收音机的天气预报。根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事，所以此句时态应用一般过去时，stay“呆”为动词，其过去式为stayed。故填stayed。
62．句意：我们感到害怕，但我们知道我们必须远离危险。stay away from意为“远离”。故填from。
63．句意：第二天早上洪水停了，但这场“洪灾”还有一些小的余波。 some后接可数名词复数，aftershock是可数名词，其复数形式是aftershocks。故填aftershocks。
64．句意：但洪水对农田有害——很多庄稼都死了。be harmful to意为“对……有害”。故填harmful。
65．句意：从这次经历中，我逐渐意识到我们应该时刻为自然灾害做好准备，以确保自己的安全。keep oneself safe表示“保护某人自己安全”，这里要用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
66．It happened in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia. 67．They left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on. 68．The tsunami. 69．The beach was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats, and people were looking for their families. 70．Afraid and nervous./...
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了2004年印度洋地震引发的海啸对Peter一家造成的灾难性影响，以及他们逃生的经历。
66．根据“On 26th December 2004, at 7:58 a.m., there was a big earthquake in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia.”可知，印度尼西亚附近的印度洋发生了大地震。故填It happened in the Indian Ocean, near Indonesia.
67．根据“We left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on.”可知，Peter和Kale醒来后，让爸爸继续睡觉，自己下楼去查看发生了什么。故填They left Dad asleep and went down to find out what was going on.
68．根据“Suddenly, a man shouted, ‘Another one… There’s another one coming!’”以及“The tsunami that followed killed more than 150,000 people and left 5 million homeless.”可知，此处指海啸。故填The tsunami.
69．根据“On our way to the airport, we saw the beach ... It was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats. People were looking for their families”可知，在去机场的路上，他们看到海滩上满是破损的遮阳伞和船只，人们正在寻找家人。故填The beach was full of broken beach umbrellas and boats, and people were looking for their families.
70．根据“We just wanted to go home but the airport was closed!”以及发生海啸的背景可推知，Peter当时的心情是害怕且紧张不安的。故填Afraid and nervous./...
71．One possible version:
Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster.
In the beginning, the sky became dark. Everyone could hear a strange noise, but nobody knew what was happening. We heard thunder and saw lightning. Two hours later, the hurricane disappeared.
During the disaster, seven people lost their lives. Over 2,400 houses fell down. Many people had nowhere to live. After the disaster, people began to help each other. Many police officers and firefighters came to help us, too.
I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接已给的开头，引出话题；
第二步，具体叙述过程，如飓风来临时的天气现象及过后造成的损失等；
第三步，介绍从中得到的启示。
[亮点词汇]
①natural disaster自然灾害
②lose one’s life丧生
③fall down倒塌
[高分句型]
I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.（宾语从句；时间状语从句）
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