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Unit 3 What makes a great team？ 单词解析三
1.climber(名词)登山者，登山运动员
[用法讲解] climber为可数名词，其复数形式为 climbers，译为"攀缘植物，向上爬者".
Eg: The climber reached the summit at dawn.
登山者在黎明时分登顶。
Ivy is a natural climber that covers walls beautifully.
常青藤是一种攀缘植物，能优雅地覆盖墙面。
He was seen as a social climber in the company.
他被视为公司里一心往上爬的人。
[常见搭配] rock climber 攀登者
mountain climber 登山者
social climber 攀附权贵的人
Eg: She is a skilled rock climber.
她是一名技术娴熟的攀登者。
The mountain climber prepared for the harsh weather.
这位登山者为恶劣天气做好了准备。
He was accused of being a social climber.
他被指责为攀附权贵的人。
[派生词]climb为动词，译为"攀登，爬".
Eg: Let's climb the mountain this weekend.
让我们这周去爬山吧。
[即学即用]
The_________(climb) used ropes and harnesses to scale the cliff.
答案：climber
2.roof(名词)顶，顶部
[用法讲解] roof为可数名词，其复数形式为roofs，还可译为"屋顶，上限".
Eg: Caves often have stalactites hanging from the roof.
洞穴顶部常悬挂着钟乳石。
The cat climbed onto the roof.
猫爬上了屋顶。
The price is the roof we can afford.
这个价格是我们的承受上限。
[常见搭配] the "roof of the world" 世界屋脊
roof of the house 房子的屋顶
hit the roof 勃然大怒
raise the roof 喧闹，狂欢
go through the roof 价格/情绪急剧上升
Eg: Tibet is often called the roof of the world.
西藏常被称为世界屋脊。
The roof of the house needs repairs.
房子的屋顶需要修理。
When he saw the mess, he hit the roof.
当他看到一团糟时，他勃然大怒。
The fans raised the roof when their team scored.
当球队得分时，球迷们欢呼雀跃。
Prices have gone through the roof recently.
最近价格飞涨。
[即学即用]
The new house has a red_______(屋顶) that blends well with the countryside.
答案：roof
3.thirty-metre-high(形容词)三十米高的
[用法讲解]thirty-metre-high在句中常作定语。
Eg: The avalanche created a thirty- metre- high wall of snow.
雪崩形成了30米高的雪墙。
The thirty - metre - high waves were terrifying.
30米高的海浪令人恐惧。
[即学即用]
The _________________(三十米高的)dam protects the village from floods.
答案：thirty-metre-high
4.ladder(名词)梯子
[用法讲解] ladder为可数名词，其复数形式为ladders，还可译为"晋升途径，抽丝".
Eg: The firefighter used a ladder to rescue the cat.
消防员用梯子救下了猫。
Hard work is the ladder to success.
努力是成功的阶梯。
There's a ladder in my stockings.
我的长筒袜抽丝了。
[常见搭配] climb a ladder 爬梯子
social ladder 社会阶层
Eg: He carefully climbed the ladder to fix the roof.
他小心地爬上梯子修理屋顶。
Education is often seen as a way to move up the social ladder.
教育常被视为提升社会阶层的方式。
[即学即用]
The painter placed the l______ against the wall.
答案：ladder
5.teammate(名词)队友
[用法讲解] teammate为可数名词，其复数形式为teammates，还可译为"合作者".
Eg: My teammate passed me the ball during the match.
比赛中我的队友把球传给了我。
He was reliable teammate in completing the task.
他是完成任务时可靠的合作者。
[即学即用]
My_________(队友)and I collaborated on the presentation.
答案：teammate
6.lower(动词)把(某物)移低，降下
[用法讲解]lower还可为形容词，译为"较低的，下层的，低等的";lower还可为名词，译为"下等的人或事物".
Eg: The government decided to lower taxes.
政府决定降低税收。
The lower shelf is easier to reach.
较低的架子更容易够到。
The lower of the two options was chosen.
两个选项中较低的那个被选中了。
[用法讲解] lower oneself to do sth. 自降身份做某事
lower reaches of the river 河流的下游
lower one's voice 压低声音
Eg: He refused to lower himself to argue with them.
他拒绝自降身份与他们争论。
The lower reaches of the river are polluted.
河流的下游被污染了。
She lowered her voice to avoid being overheard.
她压低声音以免被听见。
[派生词]low为形容词，译为"低的，矮的".
Eg: The airplane flew low over the mountains.
飞机低空飞过群山。
[即学即用]
The doctor advised him to_______(low) his cholesterol levels.
答案：lower
7.painful(形容词)令人痛苦的
[用法讲解] painful在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: She felt a painful sting when the bee bit her.
蜜蜂蛰她时，她感到一阵剧痛。
My tooth feels painful.
我的牙很痛。
[常见搭配] painful(to do sth.) 做某事很痛苦(强调动作的困难或不适)
painful for+人称 强调对特定对象的负面影响
be in pain 处于痛苦之中(身体或情感上)
Eg: It's painful to watch him struggle.
看着他挣扎很痛苦。
The delay was painful for the team.
延误对团队造成了困扰。
She was in great pain after the accident.
事故发生后，她痛苦不堪。
[派生词] painfully为副词，译为"痛苦地，非常";
pain为名词，译为"疼痛";pain也可为动词，译为"使疼痛".
Eg: He looked at me painfully.
他痛苦地看着我。
The problem is painfully obvious.
这个问题非常明显。
The pain in his leg made it difficult for him to walk.
他腿上的疼痛使他走路很困难。
His rude words pained his friends.
他粗鲁的话让朋友们很烦恼。
[常见搭配] in pain 处于痛苦之中
take pains to do sth. 煞费苦心地做某事
spare no pains to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
Eg: The injured man was lying in pain on the ground.
受伤的男子痛苦地躺在地上。
She took pains to make sure everyone was comfortable at the party.
她煞费苦心地确保派对上的每个人都感到舒适。
The teacher spared no pains to help the students improve their grades.
老师不遗余力地帮助学生提高成绩。
[即学即用]
Losing the game taught us a_________(pain) lesson.
答案：painful
8.rope(名词)绳，粗绳，绳索，缆
[用法讲解] rope为可数名词，其复数形式为ropes;rope还可为动词，译为"用绳子捆绑".
Eg: The climbers tied themselves together with a strong rope.
登山者们用结实的绳子彼此绑在一起。
He jumped rope for 10 minutes as exercise.
他跳绳锻炼了10分钟。
They roped the packages securely.
他们用绳子把包裹捆牢。
[常见搭配] a piece of rope 一根绳子
jump rope 跳绳
on the ropes 濒临失败
rope sth./ sb. to sth. 把某物/某人绑在某物上
show sb. the ropes 教某人如何做某事
Eg: He tied the boat with a piece of rope.
他用一根绳子拴住了船。
She loves to jump rope during recess.
她喜欢在课间跳绳。
The company is on the ropes due to financial problems.
这家公司因财务问题濒临倒闭。
They roped the logs together to form a raft.
他们把木头绑在一起做成木筏。
Can you show me the ropes around here
你能教我这里的规矩吗
[即学即用]
The children were learning to climb a ________(绳子)in gym class.
答案：rope
9.effort(名词)努力
[用法讲解] effort为可数名词，其复数形式为 efforts，还可译为"艰难的尝试".
Eg: The team's efforts resulted in a successful project.
团队的努力促成了一个成功的项目。
Despite his efforts, he failed the exam.
尽管努力了，他考试还是挂了。
[常见搭配] make an effort 努力，尽力
make every effort 尽一切努力
spare no effort 不遗余力
in an effort to... 为了，试图
Eg: You should make an effort to be more polite.
你应该尽量更有礼貌。
She made every effort to finish the project on time.
她竭尽全力按时完成项目。
The company spared no effort to promote the new product.
公司不遗余力地推广新产品。
She studied hard in an effort to get good grades.
她努力学习以取得好成绩。
[派生词] effortless为形容词，译为"不费力的，容易的"
Eg: He made playing the guitar look effortless.
他弹起吉他来显得轻松自如。
[即学即用]
我们必须尽一切努力保护环境。
We must__________to protect the environment.
答案：make every effort
10.north(名词)北，北方
[用法讲解] north为名词，译为"北方";north为形容词，译为"北方的";north也为副词，译为"在北方".
Eg: The river turns north at this point.
这条河从这里转向北方。
North London is a popular area for tourists.
伦敦北区是一个受欢迎的旅游区。
The birds fly north in summer.
夏天鸟儿向北飞。
[常见搭配] in the north of... 在...的北部
from the north 来自北方
the North Pole 北极
Eg: Beijing is in the north of China.
北京位于中国的北部。
The cold wind is blowing from the north.
冷风从北方吹来。
Penguins do not live at the North Pole.
企鹅并不生活在北极。
[知识拓展]方位词总结
east(名词/形容词/副词)东方，东方的，向东；
west(名词/形容词/副词)西方，西方的，向西；
south(名词/形容词/副词)南方，南方的，向南；
north(名词/形容词/副词)北方，北方的，向北
southeast(名词/形容词/副词)东南，东南的，向东南方；
southwest(名词/形容词/副词)西南，西南的，向西南方；
northeast(名词/形容词/副词)东北，东北的，向东北方；
northwest(名词/形容词/副词)西北，西北的，向西北方。
[即学即用]
辽宁在中国北方。
Liaoning is_______________China.
答案：in the north of
11.base(名词)基地，根据地，总部，大本营
[用法讲解] base为可数名词，其复数形式为 bases;base还可为动词，译为"以...为基础"; base还可为形容词，译为"卑鄙的，低劣的".
Eg: The lamp has a heavy base.
这个台灯有个很重的底座。
The company has its base in London.
公司总部设在伦敦。
We should base our decision on facts.
我们应该基于事实做决定。
His motives were rather base.
他的动机相当卑劣。
[常见搭配] base camp (登山)大本营
the base of... ...的底部/基础
be based on... 以...为基础，基于...
cover all the bases 面面俱到
off base 错误的，偏离事实的
Eg: He would stay to work at the base camp.
他会留在大本营工作。
The base of the mountain is covered with trees.
山脚下覆盖着树木。
The movie is based on a true story.
这部电影基于真实故事改编。
The manager covered all the bases in the meeting.
经理在会议上考虑得非常周全。
His argument was completely off base.
他的论点完全站不住脚。
[即学即用]
这份报告基于市场调研。
The report____________market research.
答案：is based on
12.mountaineering(名词)登山运动
[用法讲解] mountaineering为不可数名词。
Eg: Mountaineering requires physical strength and mental endurance.
登山运动需要体力和精神耐力。
[常见搭配] go mountaineering 去登山
mountaineering equipment 登山装备
Eg: They went mountaineering in the Alps last summer.
他们去年夏天去阿尔卑斯山登山了。
Proper mountaineering equipment is essential for safety.
合适的登山装备对安全至关重要。
[派生词] mountaineer为名词，译为"登山者";mountaineer还可为动词，译为"登山".
Eg: The mountaineer scaled the icy peak with ropes and ice axes.
这位登山者用绳索和冰镐攀登了冰雪覆盖的山峰。
They mountaineered across the Himalayas for three months.
他们花了三个月时间在喜马拉雅山脉登山。
[即学即用]
He took up________________(mountaineer) as a hobby last year.
答案：mountaineering
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Unit 3 Whаt makes a great team？
八年级
外研版2024
下
单词解析三
1.climber(名词)登山者，登山运动员
[用法讲解] climber为可数名词，其复数形式为climbers，译为"攀缘植物，向上爬者".
Eg: The climber reached the summit at dawn.
登山者在黎明时分登顶。
Ivy is a natural climber that covers walls beautifully.
常青藤是一种攀缘植物，能优雅地覆盖墙面。
He was seen as a social climber in the company.
他被视为公司里一心往上爬的人。
[常见搭配]rock climber攀登者
mountain climber登山者
social climber攀附权贵的人
Eg: She is a skilled rock climber.
她是一名技术娴熟的攀登者。
The mountain climber prepared for the harsh weather.
这位登山者为恶劣天气做好了准备。
He was accused of being a social climber.
他被指责为攀附权贵的人。
[派生词]climb为动词，译为"攀登，爬".
Eg: Let's climb the mountain this weekend.
让我们这周去爬山吧。
[即学即用]
The_________(climb) used ropes and harnesses to scale the cliff.
climber
2.roof(名词)顶，顶部
[用法讲解]roof为可数名词，其复数形式为roofs，还可译为"屋顶，上限".
Eg: Caves often have stalactites hanging from the roof.
洞穴顶部常悬挂着钟乳石。
The cat climbed onto the roof.
猫爬上了屋顶。
The price is the roof we can afford.
这个价格是我们的承受上限。
[常见搭配]the "roof of the world"世界屋脊
roof of the house房子的屋顶
hit the roof勃然大怒
raise the roof喧闹，狂欢
go through the roof价格/情绪急剧上升
Eg: Tibet is often called the roof of the world.
西藏常被称为世界屋脊。
The roof of the house needs repairs.
房子的屋顶需要修理。
When he saw the mess, he hit the roof.
当他看到一团糟时，他勃然大怒。
The fans raised the roof when their team scored.
当球队得分时，球迷们欢呼雀跃。
Prices have gone through the roof recently.
最近价格飞涨。
[即学即用]
The new house has a red_______(屋顶) that blends well with the countryside.
roof
3.thirty-metre-high(形容词)三十米高的
[用法讲解]thirty-metre-high在句中常作定语。
Eg: The avalanche created a thirty- metre- high wall of snow.
雪崩形成了30米高的雪墙。
The thirty - metre - high waves were terrifying.
30米高的海浪令人恐惧。
[即学即用]
The _________________(三十米高的)dam protects the village from floods.
thirty-metre-high
4.ladder(名词)梯子
[用法讲解]ladder为可数名词，其复数形式为ladders，还可译为"晋升途径，抽丝".
Eg: The firefighter used a ladder to rescue the cat.
消防员用梯子救下了猫。
Hard work is the ladder to success.
努力是成功的阶梯。
There's a ladder in my stockings.
我的长筒袜抽丝了。
[常见搭配]climb a ladder爬梯子
social ladder社会阶层
Eg: He carefully climbed the ladder to fix the roof.
他小心地爬上梯子修理屋顶。
Education is often seen as a way to move up the social ladder.
教育常被视为提升社会阶层的方式。
[即学即用]
The painter placed the l______ against the wall.
adder
5.teammate(名词)队友
[用法讲解]teammate为可数名词，其复数形式为teammates，还可译为"合作者".
Eg: My teammate passed me the ball during the match.
比赛中我的队友把球传给了我。
He was reliable teammate in completing the task.
他是完成任务时可靠的合作者。
[即学即用]
My_________(队友)and I collaborated on the presentation.
teammate
6.lower(动词)把(某物)移低，降下
[用法讲解]lower还可为形容词，译为"较低的，下层的，低等的";lower还可为名词，译为"下等的人或事物".
Eg: The government decided to lower taxes.
政府决定降低税收。
The lower shelf is easier to reach.
较低的架子更容易够到。
The lower of the two options was chosen.
两个选项中较低的那个被选中了。
[用法讲解]lower oneself to do sth.自降身份做某事
lower reaches of the river河流的下游
lower one's voice压低声音
Eg: He refused to lower himself to argue with them.
他拒绝自降身份与他们争论。
The lower reaches of the river are polluted.
河流的下游被污染了。
She lowered her voice to avoid being overheard.
她压低声音以免被听见。
[派生词]low为形容词，译为"低的，矮的".
Eg: The airplane flew low over the mountains.
飞机低空飞过群山。
[即学即用]
The doctor advised him to_______(low) his cholesterol levels.
lower
7.painful(形容词)令人痛苦的
[用法讲解]painful在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: She felt a painful sting when the bee bit her.
蜜蜂蛰她时，她感到一阵剧痛。
My tooth feels painful.
我的牙很痛。
[常见搭配] painful(to do sth.)做某事很痛苦(强调动作的困难或不适)
painful for+人称强调对特定对象的负面影响
be in pain处于痛苦之中(身体或情感上)
Eg: It's painful to watch him struggle.
看着他挣扎很痛苦。
The delay was painful for the team.
延误对团队造成了困扰。
She was in great pain after the accident.
事故发生后，她痛苦不堪。
[派生词] painfully为副词，译为"痛苦地，非常";
pain为名词，译为"疼痛";pain也可为动词，译为"使疼痛".
Eg: He looked at me painfully.
他痛苦地看着我。
The problem is painfully obvious.
这个问题非常明显。
The pain in his leg made it difficult for him to walk.
他腿上的疼痛使他走路很困难。
His rude words pained his friends.
他粗鲁的话让朋友们很烦恼。
[常见搭配]in pain处于痛苦之中
take pains to do sth.煞费苦心地做某事
spare no pains to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
Eg: The injured man was lying in pain on the ground.
受伤的男子痛苦地躺在地上。
She took pains to make sure everyone was comfortable at the party.
她煞费苦心地确保派对上的每个人都感到舒适。
The teacher spared no pains to help the students improve their grades.
老师不遗余力地帮助学生提高成绩。
[即学即用]
Losing the game taught us a_________(pain) lesson.
painful
8.rope(名词)绳，粗绳，绳索，缆
[用法讲解]rope为可数名词，其复数形式为ropes;rope还可为动词，译为"用绳子捆绑".
Eg: The climbers tied themselves together with a strong rope.
登山者们用结实的绳子彼此绑在一起。
He jumped rope for 10 minutes as exercise.
他跳绳锻炼了10分钟。
They roped the packages securely.
他们用绳子把包裹捆牢。
[常见搭配]a piece of rope一根绳子
jump rope跳绳
on the ropes濒临失败
rope sth./ sb. to sth.把某物/某人绑在某物上
show sb. the ropes教某人如何做某事
Eg: He tied the boat with a piece of rope.
他用一根绳子拴住了船。
She loves to jump rope during recess.
她喜欢在课间跳绳。
The company is on theropes due to financial problems.
这家公司因财务问题濒临倒闭。
They roped the logs together to form a raft.
他们把木头绑在一起做成木筏。
Can you show me the ropes around here
你能教我这里的规矩吗
[即学即用]
The children were learning to climb a ________(绳子)in gym class.
rope
9.effort(名词)努力
[用法讲解] effort为可数名词，其复数形式为efforts，还可译为"艰难的尝试".
Eg: The team's efforts resulted in a successful project.
团队的努力促成了一个成功的项目。
Despite his efforts, he failed the exam.
尽管努力了，他考试还是挂了。
[常见搭配]make an effort努力，尽力
make every effort 尽一切努力
spare no effort不遗余力
in an effort to...为了，试图
Eg: You should make an effort to be more polite.
你应该尽量更有礼貌。
She made every effort to finish the project on time.
她竭尽全力按时完成项目。
The company spared no effort to promote the new product.
公司不遗余力地推广新产品。
She studied hard in an effort to get good grades.
她努力学习以取得好成绩。
[派生词]effortless为形容词，译为"不费力的，容易的"
Eg:He made playing the guitar look effortless.
他弹起吉他来显得轻松自如。
[即学即用]
我们必须尽一切努力保护环境。
We must_________________to protect the environment.
make every effort
10.north(名词)北，北方
[用法讲解]north为名词，译为"北方";north为形容词，译为"北方的";north也为副词，译为"在北方".
Eg: The river turns north at this point.
这条河从这里转向北方。
North London is a popular area for tourists.
伦敦北区是一个受欢迎的旅游区。
The birds fly north in summer.
夏天鸟儿向北飞。
[常见搭配]in the north of...在...的北部
from the north来自北方
the North Pole北极
Eg: Beijing is in the north of China.
北京位于中国的北部。
The cold wind is blowing from the north.
冷风从北方吹来。
Penguins do not live at the North Pole.
企鹅并不生活在北极。
[知识拓展]方位词总结
east(名词/形容词/副词)东方，东方的，向东；
west(名词/形容词/副词)西方，西方的，向西；
south(名词/形容词/副词)南方，南方的，向南；
north(名词/形容词/副词)北方，北方的，向北
southeast(名词/形容词/副词)东南，东南的，向东南方；
southwest(名词/形容词/副词)西南，西南的，向西南方；
northeast(名词/形容词/副词)东北，东北的，向东北方；
northwest(名词/形容词/副词)西北，西北的，向西北方。
[即学即用]
辽宁在中国北方。
Liaoning is_______________China.
in the north of
11.base(名词)基地，根据地，总部，大本营
[用法讲解] base为可数名词，其复数形式为bases;base还可为动词，译为"以...为基础"; base还可为形容词，译为"卑鄙的，低劣的".
Eg: The lamp has a heavy base.
这个台灯有个很重的底座。
The company has its base in London.
公司总部设在伦敦。
We should base our decision on facts.
我们应该基于事实做决定。
His motives were rather base.
他的动机相当卑劣。
[常见搭配]base camp(登山)大本营
the base of......的底部/基础
be based on...以...为基础，基于...
cover all the bases面面俱到
off base错误的，偏离事实的
Eg: He would stay to work at the base camp.
他会留在大本营工作。
The base of the mountain is covered with trees.
山脚下覆盖着树木。
The movie is based on a true story.
这部电影基于真实故事改编。
The manager covered all the bases in the meeting.
经理在会议上考虑得非常周全。
His argument was completely off base.
他的论点完全站不住脚。
[即学即用]
这份报告基于市场调研。
The report____________marketresearch.
is based on
12.mountaineering(名词)登山运动
[用法讲解]mountaineering为不可数名词。
Eg:Mountaineering requires physical strength and mental endurance.
登山运动需要体力和精神耐力。
[常见搭配]go mountaineering去登山
mountaineering equipment登山装备
Eg: They went mountaineering in the Alps last summer.
他们去年夏天去阿尔卑斯山登山了。
Proper mountaineering equipment is essential for safety.
合适的登山装备对安全至关重要。
[派生词] mountaineer为名词，译为"登山者";mountaineer还可为动词，译为"登山".
Eg: The mountaineer scaled the icy peak with ropes and ice axes.
这位登山者用绳索和冰镐攀登了冰雪覆盖的山峰。
They mountaineered across the Himalayas for three months.
他们花了三个月时间在喜马拉雅山脉登山。
[即学即用]
He took up________________(mountaineer) as a hobby last year.
mountaineering
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