《学霸笔记 同步精讲》Unit 9 Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone（课件）高中英语北师大版选择性必修3

(共68张PPT)
2026
Unit 9
Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1
To Clone or Not to Clone
英 语
内容索引
走近新课·一起读文
阅读鉴赏·一起思考
随堂练习
[晨读晚诵]
导语:关于传染病,你知道多少 一起来读读吧!
An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by the invasion of a host by pathogens1 whose activities harm the host’s tissues and can be spread to other individuals.
Microorganisms2 that can cause disease are called pathogens.Pathogens may be spread through either direct or indirect contact.Direct contact occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the infection source.It also includes taking in the infectious droplets3 released by sneezing or coughing. Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive the environment outside its host for a long period of time.So the lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact source for easily infected group.
Public health measures usually involve killing the pathogen from its source or from its route of spread.Those measures include ensuring a safe water supply,effectively treating waste water,and initiating4 animal control and vaccination5 programmes,etc.Personally,the first line of defense is to keep the pathogen under control by following good personal habits.Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures,such as washing hands and getting vaccinated.
Man never stops fighting against all kinds of infectious diseases.But in the past two decades,at least a dozen “new” diseases have been identified,and traditional diseases that appeared to be “on their way out” are re-emerging.Globally,infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death.Clearly,the battle has not been won.We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge,which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health.
译文:
传染病是一种由病原体入侵宿主引起的疾病,其活动损害宿主的组织,并可传播给其他个体。
能引起疾病的微生物称为病原体。病原体可通过直接或间接接触传播。直接接触发生在个人通过接触感染源而被感染的时候。它还包括吸入通过打喷嚏或咳嗽释放传染性飞沫。当病原体可以在其宿主以外的环境中生存很长一段时间时,就会发生间接接触。因此,对于易感人群来说,那些通过直接接触感染源而被污染的无生命物体可能成为间接的传染源。
公共卫生措施通常涉及从源头或从传播途径杀死病原体。这些措施包括确保安全供水、有效处理废水、开始动物控制和疫苗接种程序等。就我个人而言,第一道防线是通过遵循良好的个人习惯来控制病原体。在感染开始前预防感染,通过一些简单的方法避免传染给他人,如洗手和接种疫苗。
人类从未停止与各种传染病作斗争。但在过去的20年中,至少有12种“新”疾病被发现,似乎正在“消失”的传统疾病正在重新出现。在全球范围内,传染病仍然是死亡的主要原因。显然,这场战斗还没有取得胜利。我们不断获得大量相关的科学和医学知识,这鼓励我们为自己的健康承担更多的责任。
【词海拾贝】
1.pathogen / p θ d n/ n.病原体
2.microorganism / maIkr ɡ nIz m/ n.微生物
3.droplet / dr pl t/ n.小滴
4.initiate /I nI ieIt/ vt.开始
5.vaccination / v ksI neI n/ n.疫苗
【理解诱思】
1.What is likely to cause the spread of a disease through indirect contact
A.Getting bitten by an infected dog.
B.Touching toys a sick child played with.
C.Breathing in tiny drops from sneezing.
D.Shaking hands with an infected person.
2.How would you help your friend if he/she were struck by an infectious disease
答案:1.B　
2.The answers vary.
走近新课·一起读文
词汇新知
一、单词英汉互译
1.biology /baI l d i/ n.　　　　　　　
2.physicist / fIzIsIst/ n.　　　 　　　　
3.athletics / θ letIks/ n. 　　　　　　　
4.gene /d i n/ n.　　 　　　　
5.artificially / ɑ tI fI li/ adv.　　　　　　　　
6.reproductive / ri pr d ktIv/ adj.　　　　　　　　　　
7.provoke /pr v k/ vt.　　　　　　　
8.inferior /In fI ri / adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　
生物学　
物理学家　
田径运动　
基因　
人为地,虚假地　
繁殖的,生殖的　
激起,引起　
低级别的,下级的;差的,次的　
9.　　　　　　　 / keIp bIl ti/ n.(完成困难事情的)能力,才能
10.　　　　　　 / d stIfaI/ vt.证明……有道理,为……辩护
11.　　　　　 /In f / vt.推断,推定
12.　　　　　　 / k lkj leIt/ vt.计算,核算
13.　　　　　　 / In veIt/ vi.& vt.革新,创新,改革
14.　　　　　　 / bet m nt/ n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良,改善,提高
15.　　　　　　 /pɑ tIs p nt/ n.参加者,参与者
16.　　　　　 / edIt/ vi.& vt.编辑,编校;剪辑,剪接
capability　
justify
infer　
calculate　
innovate　
betterment
participant　
edit　
17.　　　　　 / b ri / n.障碍,壁垒
18.　　　　　　 /aI dentIk l/ adj.完全相同的,非常相似的
19.　　　　　 /twIn/ n.双胞胎中的一个
20.　　　　　　　 /k m p r s n/ n.比较
21.　　　　　　 / h li/ adv.完全地
22.　　　　　 /klu / n.线索,提示
23.　　　　　　 / kj r t/ adj.准确的,正确的
24.　　　　　　　 / tri tm nt/ n.诊疗,治疗,疗法;对待方式
barrier　
identical
twin　
comparison　
wholly　
clue
accurate　
treatment　
25.　　　　　　 /I m n/ n.强烈的情感,激情
26.　　　　　 / kru l/ adj.至关重要的,关键性的
27.　　　　　 /ba nd/ adj.很有可能,肯定会
28.　　　　　 /mI / adj.仅仅,只不过;极小的,极不重要的
29.　　　　　　 / bju z/ vt.滥用,妄用;虐待 / bju s/n.滥用;虐待
30.　　　　　　 / blesI / n.福气,幸运
emotion　
crucial
bound　
mere　
abuse　
blessing
二、短语英汉互译
1.独自 　　　　　　　　　　　
2.in comparison with 　　　　　　　
3.lead to 　　　　　
4.a great deal of 　　　　　
5.满足某人的需要 　　　　　　　　　　
6.被看作…… 　　　　　　　　　　　
on one’s own　
与……相比
导致
许多
suit one’s need　
be viewed as...
阅读理解
一、阅读课文“TO CLONE OR NOT TO CLONE ”,判断正(T)误(F)
1.Cloning has a rather short history.(　　)
2.Before Dolly,scientists had cloned more than 20 mammal species.(　　)
3.Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua were the first mammals to have been cloned.(　　)
4.It is possible to raise many monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time with the technology of cloning.(　　)
5.Cloning is bound to be abused.(　　)
F
F
F
T
F
二、阅读课文“TO CLONE OR NOT TO CLONE ”,选择最佳答案
1.Which of the following is NOT true about the birth of Dolly
A.She is an example of natural cloning.
B.She lived for six and a half years,half the life of the original sheep.
C.She was the first successfully cloned animal.
D.She developed an illness that is often found in much older animals.
2.What’s the main idea of paragraph 4
A.The breakthrough in cloning.
B.The benefits of the successful cloning of primates.
C.The examples of cloning.
D.The disagreement caused by cloning.
A
B
3.What does Einstein’s quote in the last paragraph mean
A.Science is a curse to mankind.
B.A knife is a useful tool.
C.Science is more powerful than a knife.
D.Whether cloning does mankind harm or good depends on mankind.
4.What type of writing is the article likely to be
A.Science fiction.
B.A news report.
C.Popular science.
D.A medical report.
D
C
三、仔细阅读课文“TO CLONE OR NOT TO CLONE ”,并根据课文内容将短文补充完整
Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally 1._________ artificially.2._________(nature) cloning has been going on for generations.For years,there had been 3._____________(attempt) to clone animals artificially.The first successfully 4.___________(clone) animal was a sheep named Dolly in 1996.However,she lived for six and a half years,only half the life of the sheep from which she was cloned. In January 2018,the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys,
or
Natural
attempts
cloned　
Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua,5.__________________(announce) by Chinese scientists.The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as 6.___________ huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues on how to prevent the 7.___________(age) process.While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.They believe it is bound 8._____________(lead) to cloning of other species,and they worry about the ethical questions this raises.They also worry that some organisations may abuse the technology for unethical purposes.
was announced　
a
aging　
to lead　
Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.9._____________ Einstein said,“Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used,whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind,10.__________________(depend) on mankind and not on the instrument.A knife is useful,but it can also kill.”
As
depends
阅读鉴赏·一起思考
1.Capabilities of the Human Body(Page 50)
人类身体的能力
★capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力,才能
Age affects the range of a person’s capabilities.
年龄影响着一个人能力的大小。
This is beyond the capabilities of current technology.
这超出了当前技术能力的范围。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识　
capable adj.有能力;能力强的;足以胜任的
The hotel is capable of catering for several hundred people.
这家酒店可供数百人用餐。
You are capable of better work than this.
你有能力做得比这更好。
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①As a scientist,he has the 　　　　　　 (capable) of doing important research.
一句多译
②实际上,他有能力独立完成这个实验。
In fact,he _______ _______ _________ _______ ___________________
the experiment.(capability)
In fact,he _______ _________ ________ _________the experiment.
(capable)
capability
has the capability to finish/of finishing
is capable of finishing
2.justifying(Page 50)
辩护
★justify vt. 证明……有道理(或正确),为……辩护
He had to justify himself for his conduct.
他不得不为自己的行为辩护。
Don’t try to justify your mistakes.
不要试图为自己的错误辩护。
Nothing can justify your cheating on an exam.
没有什么能成为你考试作弊的理由。
How can they justify paying such huge salaries
他们怎能证明付这么大笔薪金是正当的呢
【合作探究】
说一说·勤归纳　
justify oneself为自己辩护
justify sth 证明……有道理
justify doing sth 证明做……有道理;对……做出解释
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①It’s hard to justify 　　　　　　(make) everyone wait for so long.
②I am in charge here.I don’t have to justify 　　　　　 (I) to you.
翻译句子
③她的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。
making
myself　
Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
3.inferring meaning(Page 50)
推断含义
★infer vt.推断,推定
Most of the meaning must be inferred from the context.
大部分含义必须从上下文中推断。
A lot can be inferred from these statistics.
根据这些统计资料可以推断出很多事情。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察　
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①Are you inferring that I’m not capable of doing the job
词性 动词　含义 暗示
②The clear inference is that the universe is expanding.
词性 名词　含义 推论
③If he is guilty,by inference,so is his wife.
词组 by inference　含义 由此推断
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①What can you infer　　　　　　 the first paragraph
②Most of the members didn’t believe his 　　　　　　(infer),which made him disappointed.
完成句子
③它的头非常小,由此可推断其大脑也很小。
It had an extremely tiny head and,　　　 　　　　　　,a tiny brain.
from
inference
by inference
4.calculate(Page 50)
计算
★calculate vt.计算,核算
You’ll need to calculate how much time the assignment will take.
你需要算一算完成这项任务要花多少时间。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识　
①calculate还可以表示“预测;推测”。
She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a risky move,but she decided to take the chance.
她推测去陌生人家里是个冒险的举动,但是她还是决定试一下。
②calculation n.计算;估计
calculator n.计算器
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①It is impossible 　　　　　　　　　　(calculate) what influence he had on her life.
②By my 　　　　　　　 (calculate) we made a profit of ￡20,000 last year.
完成句子
③我试着算算看我们需要多少油漆。
I’m trying to 　　　　 　 　　 　　　　　paint we need.
to calculate　
calculation(s)　
calculate how much
5.We use our minds to create and innovate as well.(Page 111)
我们也用我们的头脑去创造和创新。
★innovate vi.& vt.革新,创新,改革
We must constantly adapt and innovate to ensure success in a growing market.
我们必须不断地适应并创新,以确保在不断扩大的市场中取得成功。
What makes Rice different from most engineers is his constant desire to innovate and experiment.
赖斯与大多数工程师的不同之处在于他一直渴望创新和实验。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识　
innovation n.创新
innovative adj.有创意的
We must promote originality,inspire creativity and encourage innovation.
我们必须提倡独创性,激发创造力,鼓励创新。
There will be a prize for the most innovative design.
将设立一项最具创意设计奖。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①This is an 　　　　　　　 (innovate) approach to language teaching.
②This technical 　　　　　　　　　　(innovate) will save us much time and labour.
完成句子
innovative
innovation
③这家公司成功地创选出了新产品和服务。
The company 　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　 　　　new products and services.
has successfully innovated
6.We trained the experiment’s participants to do special breathing exercises and then they did them in extremely low temperatures in our lab.(Page 111)
我们训练实验参与者做特殊的呼吸练习,然后他们在我们实验室极低的温度下进行这样的练习。
★participant n.参加者,参与者
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.
研究者们在参与者们完成创造性思维测试时,测试了不同程度的噪声对他们的影响。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识　
participate vi.参与
participate in 参加,参与
participation n.参加,参与
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①He has been an active 　　　　　　　　(participate) in the discussion.
②We encouraged students to participate fully 　　　　　the running of the college.
③The project team needs the active 　　　　　　　(participate) of a wide range of people.
participant
in
participation
7.In comparison with other species,cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”,and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated.(Page 52)
与其他的物种相比,克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”,而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。
★comparison n.比较
It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book;they are completely different.
这很难与她以前的书相比;两者是截然不同的。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察　
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词组和含义
①In comparison with other students,Mike is more diligent.
词组 in comparison with　含义 与……相比
②We can only tell good from bad by comparison.
词组 by comparison　含义 通过比较
③We compared the first report with/to the second one carefully.
词组 compare...with/to... 含义 把……与……作比较
④We usually compare books to friends.
词组 compare... to...　含义 把……比作……
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①He offered two plans for 　　　　　　　 (compare).
②　　　　　　 (compare) to our small flat,Bill’s house seemed like a palace.
③We often compare a teacher 　　　　　　a gardener.
④　　　　　 comparison,Mary is much more hard-working than Tom.
comparison
Compared
to
By
8.This could help save research time,reduce the number of animals required for testing,produce more accurate results,and lead to more effective treatments.(Page 53)
这有助于节省研究时间,减少试验所需动物的数量,使实验结果更准确、治疗方法更有效。
★accurate adj.准确的,正确的
Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurement but also correct calculation.
实验工作不但需要准确的测量,而且需要正确的计算。
【合作探究(1)】
记一记·长知识　
accurately adv.精确地;准确地
accuracy n.精确度,准确度
★treatment n.诊疗,治疗,疗法;对待方式
After years of regular treatment,she finally became healthy.
经过多年的定期治疗,她终于恢复了健康。
He is still under treatment in hospital.
他仍在医院接受治疗。
They got no special treatment at school.
他们在学校并没有得到特殊的对待。
【合作探究(2)】
读一读·细观察　
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性和含义
①I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child,but as an equal.
词性 动词　含义 对待
②We’ll treat you to dinner.
词性 动词　含义 招待,款待
③She is being treated for a headache.
词性 动词　含义 治疗
④Thank you for your great treat.
词性 名词　含义 款待
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①The ability to 　　　　　(accurate) understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients.
②　　　　　　 (accurate) is more important than speed in his new job.
③As a matter of fact,they never treated me 　　　　　their good friend.
④It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me 　　　　　a vacation like never before.
accurately
Accuracy　
as
to
⑤One day,while waiting to go in for 　　　　　　　(treat),I had one of Dr.Bernie’s books in my hand.
⑥I hear that the injured player is 　　　　　treatment in that hospital at the moment.
treatment　
under
9.They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species,and they worry about the ethical questions this raises.(Page 53)
他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆,担心由此会引发伦理问题。
★bound adj.很有可能,肯定会
There are bound to be changes when the new system is introduced.
引进新系统后肯定会发生变化。
It’s bound to be sunny again tomorrow.
明天肯定又是阳光灿烂的一天。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察　
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的含义
①Unfortunately,the plane that was bound for London crashed on the way.
含义 前往……
②He is too bound up in his work to have much time for his children.
含义 忙于……
③The disease is bound up with that bad habit.
含义 与……有密切的关系
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①You’ve done so much work—you are bound 　　　　　(pass) the exam.
完成句子
②我听说,那些日子他忙于他的研究。
I heard that he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　his research those days.
③结果发现,他与那起事故有密切关系。
It turned out that he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　that accident.
to pass
was bound up in　
was bound up with
10.How it is used,whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind,depends on mankind and not on the instrument.(Page 53)
怎样使用它,究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难,完全取决于人类自己,而不取决于工具。
剖析How it is used是主语从句;whether...or...“无论……还是……”,在句中引导让步状语从句。
We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it’s at work,at home,or at school.
无论在工作中、在家还是在学校,我们都需要参与到节约能源中。
Whether you like or dislike the work,you have to finish it.
无论你是否喜欢这个工作,你都必须做完。
★blessing n.福气,幸运
It was a blessing that nobody was in the house at the time.
幸好当时屋里没有人。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察　
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的词性和含义
①To his joy,the government got its blessing to his plan.
词性 名词　含义 许可
②They brought their children to the wise woman and she blessed them.
词性 动词　含义 祝福
③I hope you all have a blessed day.
词性 形容词　含义 愉快安宁的
说一说·勤归纳　
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①It is a 　　　　　　(bless) that he has a son who is working so hard.
②The young man went to that remote island with his parents’
　　　　　　　　(bless).
完成句子
③这个老太太身体健康,是一种福气。
The old woman 　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　excellent health.
④不管你是否同意,我都会执行这个计划的。
I will carry out the plan 　　　　 　 　　 　　　 　 .
blessing
blessing
is blessed with
whether you agree or disagree
随堂练习
一、单词拼写
1.His research is for the 　　　　　　　　(改善) of mankind.
答案:betterment
2.It is wrong of you to 　　 　　　　(滥用) your power if you come to power.
答案:abuse
3.By 　　　　　　　　(比较),Mrs Smith was much more outspoken.
答案:comparison
4.It is 　　　　　　(至关重要的) that we should make full use of each minute.
答案:crucial
5.The best 　　　　　(治疗) for a cold is to rest and drink lots of fluids.
答案:treatment
6.What do you 　　　　　(推断) from this man’s hesitating manner
答案:infer
7.The fine quality of this cloth 　　　　　 (证明……有道理) its high price.
答案:justified/justifies
8.Does the company have the 　　　　　　　(能力) to change to meet market needs
答案:capability
9.Scientists use the formula to 　　　　　　(计算) the volume of the container.
答案: calculate
10.With the help of the Internet,all 　　　　　(参与者) can attend the meeting at their own desks.
答案:participants
二、完成句子
1.你对妻子和孩子置之不理是说不过去的。
You can’t 　　　　　 　　　　　　　your wife and children.
答案:justify ignoring
2.有理由推想这个老人知道这个消息。
It’s reasonable to 　　　 　　　the old man knew about the news.
答案:infer that
3.无论他在岛上还是在城市中,他一直思念着他的祖国。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　 in the city,he has been missing his homeland.
答案:Whether he is on the island or
4.如果你全身心投入到研究中,你一定会成功的。
You 　　 　 　　 　 　　 　　 　　 　　if you put all your heart into your research.
答案:are bound to succeed
5.与去年相比,牛肉的价格上涨了很多。
　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　　last year,the price of beef has increased a lot.
答案:In comparison with