《学霸笔记 同步精讲》Unit 12 Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs（课件）高中英语北师大版选择性必修4

(共50张PPT)
Unit 12
Innovation
Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs
英 语
2026
内容索引
走近新课 一起读文
阅读鉴赏 一起思考
晨读晚诵
随堂练习
晨读晚诵
导语:随着科技的快速发展,机器人走入我们的生活已经不是什么新鲜事儿了。在一家中国餐馆里就出现了机器人服务员。我们一起来看一下吧!
Imagine walking into a restaurant and being greeted by a robot instead of a human.And then,when you’re seated,another robot comes to take your order and other robots cook your food and bring it out to you.But now it has turned into reality in a Chinese restaurant called Dalu Robot.The restaurant has been a hit with customers who really want to see what the robots are able to do for them.The robots can also be seen in a video made at the restaurant.
The restaurant uses eighteen different kinds of robots in all,each unique1 in what it can do.Some robot waiters take orders and still others bring the food and drinks to the table.And behind the scenes,there are robots that cook noodles and others that make tea.It is very mechanised2,and uses other technologies as well,such as a conveyer built to present the meals on trays for the wait staff to carry to the table.Also there is a special part of the floor with electronics that help the wait staff find their way around the restaurant and keep track of which meals go to which customers.
One of them is even a robot dog to amuse the kids.Customers are greeted with the messages “Hello!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant.” And robots carry out all of the roles traditionally held by human beings,even stopping by to ask how things are going during the meal.And while eating,customers are often entertained by a robot that sings.
译文:
想象一下,当你走入一家餐馆时,和你打招呼的不是人而是一个机器人。然后,当你坐下时,另一个机器人会过来请你点餐,其他机器人会为你烹调食物,并且给你端上来。但是如今在一家名为达鲁机器人的中国餐馆里,这种想象已经成为现实。这家餐馆非常受顾客的欢迎,因为他们真的想看看那些机器人能为他们做什么。在这家餐馆制作的视频中也可以看到这些机器人。
这家餐馆一共使用了18种不同种类的机器人,每一种机器人的职能都不相同。有些机器人服务员让顾客点餐,还有些机器人把食物和饮品拿到餐桌上。在屏幕后面,有些机器人制作面条,而另一些机器人沏茶。这个餐馆是非常机械化的,也使用了其他的技术,比如一种用来将饭菜放在托盘上供侍者端到餐桌上的传送机。此外,地板上有专门的部分带有电子设备,用来帮助服务员找到在餐馆里的路,并记录下哪些食物给哪些顾客。
其中一个机器人甚至是能逗孩子们开心的机器狗。机器人用“你好!欢迎来到机器人餐馆”这样的语言和顾客打招呼。机器人履行所有人类传统上所扮演的角色,甚至在就餐期间停下来问问情况怎么样。并且在就餐期间,顾客们经常会被唱歌的机器人逗乐。
【理解诱思】
1.What is the main idea of this passage
A.A robot can serve as a waiter or a waitress.
B.A robot can cook noodles and make tea.
C.Robots are used to serve the customers in a Chinese restaurant.
D.All robots sing while the customers are eating.
2.The robots play an important part in our daily life.Could you say something about them
答案:1.C　2.Students’ own answers.
【词海拾贝】
1.unique /ju ni k/ adj.独一无二的,独特的
2.mechanise / mek naIz/v.使机械化;机械化
走近新课 一起读文
词汇新知
一、单词英汉互译
1.premier / premi / adj.　　　　　　　　　
2.subsequently / s bs kw ntli/ adv. 　　　　　　　　　　
3.constant / k nst nt/ adj.　　　　　　　　 n.　　　　　
4.perceive /p si v/ vt.　　　　　　　　　　　
5.humble / h mb l/ adj.　　　　　　　　　　　
6.outcome / a tk m/ n.　　　　　　　　　
7.accuracy / kj r si/ n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.joint /d Int/ adj. 　　　　　　　　　　
9.efficiently /I fI ntli/ adv. 　　　　　　　　　　
10.propose /pr p z/ vt.　　　　　　　　　　
最好的;最重要的
后来,随后
恒久不变的;持续不断的,经常发生的
常量,恒量
察觉,注意到,发觉
谦虚的,谦卑的　
结果,后果
准确性;精准度;正确,准确
联合的,共同的,共有的
有效率地,高效能地　
提出(某观点、方法等)
11.　　　　　　　　 / ent teInm nt/ n.娱乐活动,娱乐节目
12.　　　　　　 / IftId/ adj.有天赋的,有才华的
13.　　　　　　　　 /pr d ktIv/ adj.多产的;丰饶的;富有成效的
14.　　　　　　 /dI vaIs/ n.设备,装置;修辞手段
15.　　　　　　　 / saI n tIfIk/ adj.科学(上)的
16.　　　　　　 /d neIt/ vi.& vt.捐献(器官),献(血);捐赠,捐献
17.　　　　　　　　 / k r sp nd/ vi.通信
18.　　　　　　 / Inst nt/ adj.立刻的,马上的
19.　　　　　　 /l nt / vt.发射;发动,发起,开始从事
entertainment　
gifted
productive　
device　
scientific　
donate　
correspond　
instant　
launch
二、短语英汉互译
1.once in a while 　　　　　　　　　　　
2.figure out 　　　　　　　　　　　
3.single out 　　　　　　　　　　　
4.be dedicated to 　　　　　　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 适应
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　 范围从……到……
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　 把……改造成……
偶尔
算出;想出
挑出;挑选
致力于
adapt to
range from...to...
transform...into...
8.　　　　　　　　　　 发生,产生
come about
阅读理解
一、阅读课文“SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS”,判断正(T)误(F)
1.The world has changed a lot in the past 100 years.(　　)
2.It is not a tough task to choose the most important discovery.(　　)
3.When “E=mc2” was born,Albert Einstein was a young father.(　　)
4.Alexander Fleming made the discovery of penicillin by accident in 1905.(　　)
5.The world’s first computer was the same as our computers today.(　　)
T
F
T
F
F
二、阅读课文“SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS”,选择正确答案
1.Sending instant messages refers to the discovery in 　　　.
A.medicine B.transport
C.space D.communications
2.We can infer from the sixth paragraph that 　　　.
A.only two American scientists were interested in computers
B.the network of computers has changed our life completely
C.during the Cold War,some mini-networks were established
D.two American scientists invented the World Wide Web
D
B
3.What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A.These pioneers of the 20th century were dedicated to research.
B.Human life on Earth has lived in a big village.
C.The breakthroughs of these pioneers have made our life worse.
D.The breakthroughs of these pioneers have changed the whole world.
D
三、仔细阅读课文“SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS”,并根据课文内容将短文补充完整
In just 100 years,the world has changed completely due to 1.___________　　　　　　(amaze) discoveries made in many fields.Although it is hard to choose the most important discovery,it is possible 2.　　　　　　　　(single)out a few pioneers of the 20th century.One of the century’s premier 3.____________ 　　　　　(science) was Albert Einstein.In the summer of 1905,he was suddenly inspired and “E=mc2” was born 4.　　　　　(show) how a small piece of mass could produce an incredible amount of energy.In 1928,another important finding
5.　　　　　　　　　(make) by biologist Alexander Fleming.He discovered the natural form of
amazing　
to single
scientists　
showing　
was made
penicillin,6.　　　　　　　 he perceived could be used to kill bacteria.And then the world’s first computer was invented.With the development of computers,people expected to get more things 7.　　　　　(do) efficiently.
8.　　　　　 “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.In 1990,Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web,which enabled computers all over the world to communicate 9.　　　　　 each other.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,the world today would be a 10.　　　　　　 (complete) different place.
which　
done　
A
with
completely
阅读鉴赏 一起思考
1.Entertainment and Communication(Page 50)
娱乐和交流
★entertainment n.娱乐活动,娱乐节目
I think watching TV is not just for entertainment.
我认为看电视不仅仅是为了娱乐。
This season’s entertainments include five plays and several concerts.
这一季的娱乐活动包括五场戏剧和几场音乐会。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①She was busy with the entertainment of the guests.
词性 名词　含义 款待
②A museum should aim to entertain as well as educate.
词性 动词　含义 娱乐;使快乐
③He entertained us with his stories and jokes.
词组 entertain...with... 含义 用……逗……开心
④We spent an entertaining afternoon together.
词性 形容词 含义 使人愉快的;有趣的
说一说·勤归纳
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①
②The 　　　　　　　　(entertain) was provided by a folk band.
③I found the talk with them really 　　　　　　　　(entertain).
完成句子
④当你感到孤独时,怎样自娱自乐
How do you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when you feel lonely
⑤这场演出有很大的娱乐价值。
The show has good 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
with
entertainment
entertaining　
entertain yourself
entertainment value
The nurses and the doctors entertained the sick children 　　　　some toys.
2.gifted(Page 50)
★gifted adj.有天赋的,有才华的
Present at the party were some gifted children.
出席聚会的是一些天才儿童。
The young girl is gifted in music.
这个年轻女孩有音乐天赋。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①My good friend gave me a nice gift on my birthday.
词性 名词　 含义 礼物
②Her husband is a man of many gifts.
词性 名词　 含义 天赋;才能
③Her daughter has a gift for art.
词组 have a gift for 含义 在……方面有天赋
说一说·勤归纳
gifted adj.有天赋的,有才华的
gift n.礼物;天赋;才能
have a gift for 在……方面有天赋
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①I don’t think that the boy has a gift　　　　　　 sports.
②The nice watch is one of the 　　　　　　(gift) that he has given me.
一句多译
这些孩子真的有语言天赋吗
③ 　 (gift)
④ 　 (gifted)
for
gifts
Do the children really have a gift for languages
Are the children really gifted in languages
3.Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to staging operations to replace diseased organs with donated ones.(Page 52)
医学上的进步范围很广,从利用显微镜揭示病因,到施行手术,用捐赠的器官做器官移植。
★range from...to... 范围从……到……
Accomodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.
住宿档次从经济旅馆至豪华酒店不等。
【合作探究1】
读一读·细观察
阅读下列句子,写出句中的黑体词组及其含义
①The price ranges between $25 and $400.
词组 range between...and...
含义 在……和……之间变化
②The new shop offers a range of nice goods.
词组 a range of　
含义 一系列的
③The price was beyond our range,so we gave it up.
词组 beyond one’s range　
含义 超出某人的承受范围
说一说·勤归纳
★donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官),献(血);捐赠,捐献
He donated thousands of dollars to the charity.
他向慈善事业捐款数千美元。
The retired professor donated most of his savings to the school.
这位退休的教授把他的大部分积蓄都捐给了那所学校。
【合作探究2】
读一读·细观察
阅读下面句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
④He decided to make a donation to the poor village.
词性 名词 含义 捐赠物;捐赠
词组 make a donation to 含义 向……捐赠
说一说·勤归纳
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①His generous 　　　　　　(donate) to the homeless surprised us all.
②She did many kinds of jobs,　　　　　　(range) from waitress to doctor.
③Sorry,but it is really 　　　　　　my range to help you out.
完成句子
④这家书店给孩子们提供了一系列的新书。
The bookstore offers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
⑤这位善良的老人向伤者捐赠了100美元。
The kind old man 　　　　　$100 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
donation　
ranging　
beyond　
a range of new books to children
donated
to the injured
4.Communications changed with the introduction of mobile phones,and the way we correspond went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant messages.(Page 52)
随着手机的引入,交流方式改变了,我们通信的方式也从写信到发邮件再到发短信。
★correspond vi.通信
The girl corresponds regularly with her former teacher.
这个女孩和她以前的老师定期通信。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
①His account of events does not correspond with hers.
词性 动词　含义 相一致;符合
词组 correspond with　含义 与……一致
②The organisation corresponds to the British Parliament.
词性 动词　含义 类似于;相当于
③The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.
词性 名词　含义 往来书信
④I refused to enter into any correspondence with him about it.
词性 名词　含义 通信
⑤There is a close correspondence between the two events.
词性 名词　含义 相似
说一说·勤归纳
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①I have never corresponded 　　　　　　her after we broke up.
②The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly 　　　　　　the US Associate Professor.
③We have been in 　　　　　　　　(correspond) for months.
完成句子
⑤我们保持了很多年的通信联系。
We kept up 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
with　
to
correspondence
don’t correspond with
a correspondence for many years
④你说的与做的不相符。
Your words 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　your actions.
5.This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin,which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria.(Page 53)
蓝色的霉菌实际上是青霉素的自然形态,弗莱明发现,可以用它来杀死细菌。
剖析 本句是复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰上文的penicillin。此外,which引导非限制性定语从句时,还可指代上文的整件事情。
His best movie,which won several awards,was about the life of Gandhi.
他最优秀的电影,就是获得了好几个奖项的那一部,是关于甘地的生平的。
★perceive vt.察觉,注意到,发觉
I perceived a change in his mood.
我注意到他情绪有改变。
The patient was perceived to have difficulty in breathing.
这个病人被发现呼吸有困难。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察
阅读下面句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组和含义
This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.
词性 动词　 含义 将……视为;将……理解为
词组 be perceived as　 含义 被视为……
说一说·勤归纳
perceive vt.察觉,注意到,发觉;将……视为;将……理解为
be perceived as 被视为……
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①She did not perceive herself 　　　　　　disabled.
②He was often late for work,　　　　　　 made his boss angry.
完成句子
③医生已经注意到有什么东西在困扰着她。
The doctor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　something was troubling her.
④他在这次事故中受了伤,这使得他不可能参加比赛了。
He was injured in the accident,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 for him to take part in the game.
as　
which
had perceived that
which made it impossible
6.During the Cold War,a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.(Page 53)
在冷战时期,两位美国科学家提出一个建立计算机“巨型网络”的想法。
★propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)
He asked me to propose a better solution.
他让我提出一个更好的解决方案。
She proposed that smoking in public should be banned.
她提议禁止在公共场所吸烟。
【合作探究】
读一读·细观察
阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的词性、词组、句式和含义
①It was proposed that the president be elected for a period of two years.
句式 It is proposed that ...
含义 有人提议……
②He proposed changing the name of the company.
词组 propose doing sth
含义 提议做某事
③His proposal that the system should be changed was rejected.
词性 名词　含义 提议;建议
说一说·勤归纳
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①Why did you propose 　　　　　　　(offer) him a new job
②The girl’s 　　　　　　　(propose) was rejected,which made her sad.
完成句子
③有人提议,在这个村子附近建一所医院。
It is proposed that a hospital 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
offering
proposal
should be built near the village
随堂练习
一、单词拼写
1.It is said that his father used to be a famous 　　　　　　　(生物学家).
答案：biologist
2.He made a great achievement,but he was always 　　　　　　(谦虚的).
答案：humble
3.We were both satisfied with the 　　　　　　　(结果) of the debate.
答案：outcome
答案：joint
5.He is one of the country’s 　　　　　　　(最好的) chefs.
答案：premier
4.They were 　　　　　　(共同的) owners of the house.
6.The man-made satellite has been put into 　　　　(轨道) around the earth.
答案：orbit
7.The small country decided to 　　　　　　(发射) a rocket.
答案：launch
8.He decided to donate a 　　　　　　(设备) to the factory.
答案：device
9.The 　　　　　　(有才华的)artist was so kind that he often taught the children.
答案：gifted
10.He told me that it was an age of technological 　　　　　　　　(革新).
答案：innovation
adapt to,figure out,single out,be dedicated to,transform...into... ,come about
二、用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
1.It took her a long time to 　　　　　　　　　　the life there.
答案：adapt to
2.The old man 　　　　　　　the room 　　　　　　a shop last week.
答案：transformed;into
3.Have you 　　　　　　　　　　　　how much the trip will cost
答案:figured out
4.The old man 　　　　　　　　　　　　his present job.
答案：is dedicated to
5.He was 　　　　　　　　　　as the outstanding performer of the games.
答案：singled out
6.Will you tell me how the accident 　　　　　　　　　
答案:came about