《学霸笔记 同步精讲》Unit 10 Section Ⅳ　Grammar（课件）高中英语北师大版选择性必修4

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Unit 10
Connections
Section Ⅳ　Grammar
英 语
2026
内容索引
走近新课 一起感知
语法探究 一起思考
随堂练习
走近新课 一起感知
语法感知
写出下列句子中被动语态的构成形式
1.The young trees were planted the other day. __________________
2.When I walked past,the boy was being blamed by his father.____________
3.Two novels had been read by me before I came to China. _____________
4.A nice picture was drawn by the little boy yesterday. _____________
5.A nice song was being sung in the next room then. _______________
were done　
was being done　
had been done
was done　
was being done
语法探究 一起思考
知识脉络
语法精讲
过去时的被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。被动语态的构成是:be动词+动词-ed形式。本单元主要复习过去时的被动语态。
一、一般过去时的被动语态
构成:was/were+动词-ed形式
The old hall was cleaned by the workers yesterday.
昨天这个古老的大厅由工人们打扫了。
Were those letters sent by him last Sunday
上周日那些信被他寄走了吗
【即学即用】
将下列句子变为被动语态
①Did they buy a new car the day before yesterday
___________________________________________________________
②My mother didn’t make a cake for my birthday.
___________________________________________________________
③How many trees did the old man plant last month
___________________________________________________________
Was a new car bought by them the day before yesterday
A cake wasn’t made by my mother for my birthday.
How many trees were planted by the old man last month
二、过去进行时的被动语态
构成:was/were being+动词-ed形式
He said that the man was being operated on.
他说那个人正在动手术。
He told me that some new schools were being built in our city.
他告诉我说我们市正在修建一些新学校。
【即学即用】
翻译句子
①A new plan was being discussed when I came in.
___________________________________________________________
②Were the houses being pulled down at the time
___________________________________________________________
③A little boy was being saved from the fire then.
___________________________________________________________
我进来时一个新计划正在被讨论。
当时那些房子正在被推倒吗
当时正从火中救一个小男孩。
三、过去完成时的被动语态
构成:had been+动词-ed形式
The old man had been saved before they arrived.
他们到之前老人已经得救了。
The big fire had been put out when the night fell.
夜幕降临时,大火已经被扑灭了。
【即学即用】
完成句子
①你离开时他们完成工作了吗
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by them when you left
②到上周日为止,他们已经记住了3 000个单词。
3,000 words 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　 by them by last Sunday.
③他说他已经写了四本小说了。
He said that four novels 　　　　　　　　　　　　　by him already.
Had the work been finished　
had been remembered　
had been written
四、注意事项
①“be+动词-ed形式”并不都是被动语态,系动词 be、feel、seem、look等后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,构成系表结构,表示某种状态。
I was interested in maths.
我对数学感兴趣。
He seemed unsatisfied with his work.
他似乎对自己的工作不满意。
②“get+动词-ed形式”也表被动。
We got separated when we entered the hall.
我们进入大厅时被挤散了。
③某些情况用主动语态来表达被动含义。
read、write、act、burn、cut、draw、drive、sell、wash、clean、wear、open、cook、lock、shut、dry、eat、drink等动词,用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被执行者的动作时,用主动形式表达被动意义,且常与hardly、well、easily、badly、nicely等副词连用。
The door didn’t open easily.这扇门不容易打开。
Bikes of that kind sold well.那种自行车好卖。
④不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:fit、have、wish、cost、agree with、arrive at/in、shake hands with、succeed in、suffer from、happen to、take part in、consist of、belong to等。
This key just fitted the lock.
这把钥匙只适合开这把锁。
Your story agreed with what I had heard.
你的说法与我听说的一致。
The committee consists of 20 members.
委员会由20名成员组成。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①It was clear that he was 　　　　　　 (disappoint) with the result.
②His left leg got 　　　　　　(break) while he was playing football.
③He told me that the piece of cloth 　　　　　 (wash) well.
disappointed
broken
washed
随堂练习
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The little boy 　　　　　　　　　　　(injure) in the accident yesterday.
答案：was injured
2.He said that the report 　　　　　　　　　　　(send) to the manager already.
答案：had been sent
3.The new pen 　　　　　(write) very well.
答案：writes
4.　　　　　 the big house 　　　　　(build) by the old man last year
答案：Was;built
5.By the time he arrived,the goods 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(ship) to that port.
答案:had been shipped
二、将下列句子变为被动语态
1.They donated a lot of books to the poor children.
______________________________________________________________
2.The team had explored several villages by the end of last month.
______________________________________________________________
3.The old man was making a new kite when I came in.
______________________________________________________________
4.Did anyone sweep the whole house last night
______________________________________________________________
5.They hadn’t heard such a place before they came to this village.
______________________________________________________________
A lot of books were donated to the poor children by them.
Several villages had been explored by the team by the end of last month.
A new kite was being made by the old man when I came in.
Was the whole house swept by anyone last night
Such a place hadn’t been heard by them before they came to this village.