(共62张PPT)
第二编
英 语
2026
专题一 听力理解
内容索引
考情调研解读
归纳题型解法
考情调研解读
1.听力测试突出考查辨音能力、语句听力理解能力及对口语功能项目的掌握。听力理解是领会语意的一项重要能力。听者要对听到的语音信息进行加工, 整个过程是一个积极、活跃的动态过程; 是背景知识、语境和语言知识的相互撞击、相互作用的过程; 也是对听力材料不断进行吸收、最终形成理解的过程。
2.中考对听力理解的考查重点是: (1)日常交际用语; (2)对话的具体内容: 人物、事件、时间、地点、数字、原因等; (3)对话的背景: 对话发生的情境、场所、说话人的身份、关系, 以及对话人的态度、观点等; (4)针对听力短文, 综合分析材料中的信息得出结论, 并根据听力材料进行分析、推理、判断。
3.考查的形式主要包括: 句子理解题、对话理解题和短文理解题。
归纳题型解法
句子理解题是中考听力的常见题型, 所听句子的真实性、交际性、时代性越来越强, 考查角度更加强调捕捉信息能力、整体理解能力和应答能力, 考查形式也越来越丰富和灵活。
常见的命题形式为: 看图听句子, 选择与你所听句子内容相符的图片。
题型1 句子理解题
图片选择题信息丰富, 主要考查学生理解事实细节和图文转换的能力。听力材料中的句子一般分为两种: 一是直接描述画面, 另一种是画面中的人、物或与画面相关的内容在句子中被提及。解答此类题目的关键是仔细观察图片内容, 找出图片间的区别, 根据图片的提示和句子的关键信息, 得出正确答案。
典例1听五个句子, 选择与所听内容相符的图片。每个句子读两遍。
( )1.
( )2.
( )3.
( )4.
( )5.
听力原文
1.The music sounds beautiful.
2.Li Lei has a cold, so he has to stay in bed.
3.It’s a good season to fly kites in spring.
4.China is famous for tea.
5.Beijing Opera is very popular with old people.
答案与解析:
1.C 由句中的关键信息music可知答案为C项。
2.B 由句中的关键信息stay in bed, 可知答案为B项。
3.A 由句中的关键信息fly kites可知答案为A项。
4.B 由句中的关键信息tea可知答案为B项。
5.A 由句中的关键信息Beijing Opera可知答案为A项。
活学活用
对话理解题是中考听力的必考题型。该题型内容广泛, 主要涉及日常生活、文化教育、交通旅行等话题, 但是问题的设置基本固定, 主要集中在时间、地点、人物(身份)、活动内容、出行方式、天气状况、数字、意愿、比较、原因判断等方面。对话理解主要分为短对话理解和长对话理解两种。要做好这两种题型需要注意以下几个方面。
题型2 对话理解题
(一)短对话理解题
简短对话的形式通常是一问一答, 第一个说话者一般提出一个问题, 由第二个说话者进行回答。所以对话中第二个说话者所讲的内容往往是对话的关键和结论所在, 是提问的焦点。这类题目通常只设计一个问题, 内容涉及时间、地点、人物、态度、反应、原因、结果、身份、职业、数字、计算等。答题时要注意以下方法技巧:
1.听前预览选项, 了解一定的信息, 并预测话题及内容。
2.在听的时候我们要注意抓住各小题有关地点、人名、时间或数字的变化、职业、对话人关系等关键信息。
3.还要抓住关键词, 如表示句意转折的but以及表示否定的not, no, nothing等。在听的过程中根据对话内容采用排除、推理、辨别等方法来判断正确答案。
典例2听下面四段对话, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
听第一段对话, 完成第1小题。
1.What is the girl doing
A.She’s sleeping.
B.She’s watching TV.
C.She’s listening to music.
听第二段对话, 完成第2小题。
2.What is the relationship between the two speakers
A.Mother and son.
B.Husband and wife.
C.Boss and worker.
听第三段对话, 完成第3小题。
3.How long did it take Alice to finish the exam
A.Half an hour. B.An hour. C.Two hours.
听第四段对话, 完成第4小题。
4.Why hasn’t Lily handed in her homework
A.Because she can’t find it.
B.Because she hasn’t finished it.
C.Because she left it at home.
听力原文
听第一段对话, 完成第1小题。
M: Mary, don’t watch TV too long. Turn it off and go to bed.
W: All right. I’ll do it right now.
听第二段对话, 完成第2小题。
W: Jack, why do you come back so late
M: Mum, my bike was broken on the way and I had to walk home.
听第三段对话, 完成第3小题。
M: Alice, how long did the math exam last yesterday
W: We were given two hours, but I spent just half the time. It was so easy.
听第四段对话, 完成第4小题。
M: Lily, you haven’t handed in your homework yet.
W: Sorry, Mr. Li, I finished it on time but I can’t find it at the moment.
答案与解析:
1.B 由句子“Mary, don’t watch TV too long.”可知玛丽正在看电视。
2.A 由答语中的“Mum, my bike was broken on the way...”可知对话双方是母子关系。
3.B 由答语中的“We were given two hours, but I spent just half the time.”可知爱丽丝用了一小时, 故选B项。
4.A 由应答语中的“... I can’t find it at the moment.”可知答案。
活学活用
(二)长对话理解题
中考中较长的对话, 也叫段落型对话, 此对话长度是简短对话的数量叠加。就内容而言, 较长对话故事性相对完整, 可考查的信息点较多。就设题数量来说, 通常为3个。由于较长对话的每个问题之间并不存在内在的逻辑关系, 其问题通常是设点而问, 所以就设题数量与考点来说, 长对话也是简短对话的叠加。因此做好短对话题是做好较长对话题的基础。
无论长对话还是短对话, 其基本考点均涉及时间、地点、人物、身份或职业、观点或态度、原因或结果、数字或价格计算等方面, 唯一不同的是, 较长对话的设题有时会涉及对整体语段的理解或把握。
典例3听两段长对话, 选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。
听第一段对话, 回答第1至第3小题。
1.What are they talking about
A.Jim’s school.
B.Jim’s trouble.
C.Jim’s lunch.
2.Where are they talking
A.At the doctor’s.
B.At Jim’s school.
C.At the teachers’ office.
3.What’s the matter with Jim
A.He’s OK.
B.He’s got a fever.
C.He’s got a cold.
听第二段对话, 回答第4至第6小题。
4.What is the woman looking for
A.A police station.
B.A bank.
C.A shoe shop.
5.How can the woman get to the shoe shop
A.Go down the street and take the fourth turning on the left.
B.Go down the street and take the fourth turning on the right.
C.Go down the street and take the second turning on the left.
6.Which of these is TRUE
A.The shoe shop opens at 6: 30 in the morning.
B.The man doesn’t remember the name of the bank.
C.The woman knows the city very well.
听力原文
听第一段对话, 回答第1至第3小题。
W: Good morning, doctor.
M: Good morning, Mrs. Brown. Well, what’s wrong with this young man
W: He’s my son, Jim. He’s got a headache.
M: Have you taken his temperature
W: Yes, his temperature seems to be OK.
M: How long has he been like this
W: Ever since last night.
M: Has he had anything to eat this morning
W: Yes, he had a little milk and an egg.
M: Well, I think he’s caught a cold.
W: Is there anything serious
M: No, nothing serious, but he’d better stay at home and have a good rest.
W: Thank you very much.
听第二段对话, 回答第4至第6小题。
W: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest shoe shop is I’m new in this city.
M: There’s one not far from here. Go down the street and turn left at the fourth crossing. It’s next to the bank.
W: Well, do you know its name
M: I’m sorry. I can’t remember the name of the bank. It’s on the left of the police station. You can’t miss it.
W: By the way, when does the shop close in the afternoon
M: Half past six. Time is enough for you to get there.
答案与解析:
1.B 由对话内容可知对话谈论的是吉姆的病情。
2.A 由“Good morning, doctor.”可知谈话的地点是在医生的诊所。
3.C 由句子“Well, I think he’s caught a cold.”可知医生认为吉姆患了感冒。
4.C 由句子“Could you tell me where the nearest shoe shop is ”可知这位女士在寻找鞋店。
5.A 由对话中的句子“Go down the street and turn left at the fourth crossing.”可知答案。
6.B 由句子“I can’t remember the name of the bank.”可知B项正确。
活学活用
2.Where is the bank
A.It’s next to the restaurant.
B.It’s next to the hospital.
C.It’s behind the hospital.
答案:B
3.How far is the bank from here
A.About 30 minutes’ walk.
B.About 13 minutes’ walk.
C.About 30 minutes’ ride.
答案:A
听第2段对话, 回答4~6题。
W: It’s raining again, John! I really wanted to go skating today!
M: Oh, well. Hey, have you ever been to the Great Wall, Tina
W: Yes, I went there last year. Have you ever been there
M: No, I haven’t.
W: Well, I’d really like to go there again.
M: Great. Which bus do we take to get to the Great Wall
W: We can take No. 657 bus. The station is near our school.
4.What’s the weather like today
A.It’s sunny. B.It’s raining. C.It’s cloudy.
答案:B
5.Where has Tina been
A.The Summer Palace.
B.The Space Museum.
C.The Great Wall.
答案:C
6.Is the bus station near their school
A.Yes, it is. B.No, it isn’t. C.Sorry, I don’t know.
答案:A
听第3段对话, 回答7~9题。
W: Hi, David. I think you’re fat.
M: I’m too busy to take any exercise.
W: That’s just an excuse. You can always find some time to exercise.
M: But I work hard all day for long hours. I often have no time for lunch.
W: I think not eating meals can’t help you lose weight. Instead, you will eat more in the evening.
M: I know you’re right, but what can I do
W: How about going for a walk instead of watching TV on the sofa every evening
M: But it’s too boring.
W: Why not take an MP4 with you You can enjoy the music and get healthy at the same time.
M: That’s a good idea.
7.David takes some exercise every day, doesn’t he
A.No, he doesn’t.
B.Yes, he does.
C.No, he does.
答案:A
8.What do we know about David
A.He never eats lunch at noon.
B.He is busy but always does exercise.
C.He works all day for long hours.
答案:C
9.What does the woman suggest in the end
A.Eating less food.
B.Not giving up watching TV.
C.Enjoying music while taking a walk.
答案:C
短文理解题是中考听力试题中难度最大、最固定的听力题型之一。
此题型是根据所听到的短文内容, 选择正确的答案回答短文后所提出的问题, 所提供的选项一般为三个。答题时要注意以下方法技巧:
1.在听短文之前, 一定要抓紧时间细读所给的问题及选项, 并根据选项的内容, 对短文的内容进行预测(包括对问题中问句的内容进行推理), 提前了解短文中可能出现的单词、词组或句子。只有这样, 在听短文时才能有目的、有选择地做出正确的判断。
题型3 短文理解题
2.在听的过程中, 一定要注意并简略地记下五个“W”和一个“H”(What, When, Who, Why, Where, How), 这有助于理解文章内容。
3.听第一遍录音时, 要仔细将全文听完。听第二遍时, 要有针对性地做些记录, 利用中间停顿时间将问题逐一解答。
4.最后, 听完短文再进行归纳、综合、判断, 就可以顺利整理出相关信息, 从而确定正确答案。
典例4根据你所听到的短文内容, 从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。短文读两遍。
1.Which place do Tommy and Jacky often walk to and from
A.The same room.
B.The same office.
C.The same class.
2.When did it start to rain
A.When they were walking home.
B.When they were walking to work.
C.When they were in the office.
3.Who quickly took out the umbrella
A.Both of them.
B.Jacky.
C.Tommy.
4.Why didn’t Jacky carry his umbrella
A.Because he didn’t want to carry it.
B.Because his wife didn’t let him carry it.
C.Because he forgot to carry it.
5.How did Jacky and Tommy feel about their wives
A.Proud. B.Funny. C.Bored.
听力原文
Tommy and Jacky are next door neighbors and they work in the same office, so they often walk together to and from the office. One afternoon, they were walking home together when it started to rain. Tommy quickly took out his umbrella from his handbag, opened it and said proudly,“My wife is really great. She can tell the future.
This morning she said it would rain and told me to carry my umbrella with me.” Jacky smiled and walked close to him, and went under Tommy’s umbrella. Jacky said to Tommy even more proudly,“My wife is even greater than your wife in telling the future. She didn’t let me carry my umbrella and told me to use yours.”
答案与解析:
1.B 由句子“Tommy and Jacky are next door neighbors and they work in the same office, so they often walk together to and from the office.”可知答案。
2.A 由句子“One afternoon, they were walking home together when it started to rain.”可知答案。
3.C 由句子“Tommy quickly took out his umbrella from his handbag...”可知答案。
4.B 由句子“She didn’t let me carry my umbrella and told me to use yours.” 可知答案。
5.A 由句子“Tommy quickly took out his umbrella from his handbag, opened it and said proudly...”和“Jacky said to Tommy even more proudly...”可知答案。
活学活用
(1)Where can people watch their children playing
A.In the fields.
B.In the Gift Shop.
C.In the Tea Room.
答案:C
(2)What time does Park Farm open
A.At 9: 30. B.At 10: 30. C.At 11: 30.
答案:B
(3)How much does a family ticket cost
A.￡15. B.￡6. C.￡4.
答案:A
(4)What do we know about Park Farm
A.It’s open only at weekend.
B.It’s very difficult to find.
C.It’s near the river.
答案:C
2.听短文, 选择正确答案。短文读两遍。
This is a message for Marco Dennis. My name’s David Toby. I’m sorry I missed your call. I understand that you want some information about the basketball club. The club meets once a week on Wednesday evening. There are sometimes matches on Sunday morning, but those are just for our team players. Our meetings begin at eight, and finish at ten. We meet in the hall in Park Lane. The hall doesn’t have very good heating, so you need to bring a sweater to put on. It’s also quite expensive to rent, so our players pay $12 each week. I hope this answers all your questions and we’ll be very pleased to see you at our next meeting!
(1)What’s the passage mainly about
A.Some team players.
B.A sports TV program.
C.A basketball club.
答案:C
(2)How often do the club members meet
A.Once a week.
B.Twice a week.
C.Three times a week.
答案:A
(3)What should the player take to the hall
A.A sweater. B.A map. C.A watch.
答案:A
(4)How much do the players spend on rent each week
A.$15. B.$12. C.$5.
答案:B
