专题8 书面表达 第2编 题型解法指导《中考快车道》初中总复习英语 人教版PPT课件

(共53张PPT)
第二编
英 语
2026
专题八　书面表达
内容索引
考情调研解读
归纳题型解法
考情调研解读
1.中考英语书面表达是对考生语言基础知识、语言组织能力及书写能力的综合考查, 看考生是否能够综合运用已学过的语言知识进行文字表达, 以达到交际的目的。书面表达内容的设题贴近社会和生活实际, 贴近考生熟悉的生活话题。要求考生根据所给提示, 用英语写出语言正确、内容完整、语句连贯的短文。
2.中考对书面表达的考查重点是:
(1)考查考生能力: ①观察能力; ②思维能力; ③综合分析能力; ④运用语言知识的能力; ⑤用英语组词造句、连句成篇的能力; ⑥书写能力。
(2)考查考生语言基础知识: ①词类常识; ②词类的句法功能, 即各个词类与句子成分的对应关系; ③动词八种时态的用法; ④被动语态; ⑤动词不定式、动词-ing形式的用法; ⑥情态动词的用法; ⑦形容词、副词的比较等级; ⑧主谓一致; ⑨句子的种类; ⑩宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
3.考查的方式主要有: 应用文、话题作文和看图作文。
归纳题型解法
书面表达是中考必考题型, 该题型重在考查学生运用所学语言基础知识正确遣词造句的能力以及连句成篇的语言组织能力。初中英语书面表达的考查形式包括应用文、话题作文和看图作文, 内容较简单, 且大多带有提示, 对文采、修辞要求不高, 只要根据所给的提示把主要内容设法充分地表达出来即可。因此, 在具体写作中可以运用以下策略:
一、写前“三谋”
1.认真审题谋信息
在进行写作之前, 全面捕捉信息, 包括材料提示、写作要求、文体和词数等, 确定要写的内容、文章体裁, 进行整体性思考。
2.列出提纲谋思路
围绕主题, 理清思路, 把要写的内容列成若干条, 选好要用的人称、时态和词语。拟提纲时, 中心要突出, 条理要清晰, 要将要点合理分布、连接, 要善于取舍, 不要任意发挥、主次不分。
3.合理谋篇谋文脉
在“谋篇” 过程中我们应遵循文脉统一性、连贯性的原则。所谓统一性是指我们写出的句子、段落都要围绕主题展开, 所描述的细节、事例和发表的观点、情感态度等都要为主题服务。所谓连贯性是要求所写文章有逻辑、有条理, 不要让人读过之后感到只是若干句子的机械拼凑。
二、写中“四要”
1.要用自己最熟悉、最有把握的句型和短语表达。但句型也要尽量多样化, 如适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句; 进一步描绘人或事物时, 适当使用定语从句等, 不要一个句式到底, 使人觉得乏味。
2.要用英语思维和表达, 切忌汉语式英语。时态、语态要正确, 主谓要一致, 注意人称代词、物主代词用法等。
3.要用上连接词。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则, 因此考生应尽量使用and、or、(al)though、but、however、because、so等词, 以便使行文自然流畅。
4.不会表达, 要另辟蹊径。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达, 可采用变通的办法, 化难为易, 化繁为简。总之, 所造句子要正确、得体, 符合英语表达习惯。
三、写后“六查”
查体裁格式是否正确并符合要求、查内容是否符合题意、查行文是否连贯流畅、查语法是否有错误(包括时态、语态、主谓一致、单复数等)、查单词拼写和标点符号、查词数是否符合要求。
通知、便条、日记、贺卡、电话留言、值日报告、发言稿、演讲稿、电子邮件、书信、调查报告、请假条等都属于应用文。应用文在日常生活中运用最为广泛, 因此是近几年中考高频书面表达题型之一。写作应用文要把握好以下四点:
题型1　应用文
1.确定格式
英语中书信、电话留言、电子邮件等都有一定的书写格式; 而发言稿、值日报告、演讲稿等也有较为固定的格式, 开头语一般用: Good morning/afternoon/evening! My dear friends! 或者Ladies and gentlemen! 接下来是正文, 结束语常用: Thank you! /Thanks for your attention./Thanks for listening.
2.确定内容
依据提示内容, 列出写作要点, 注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容, 同时所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。在语言的使用上, 要认真把握。如: 若是写发言稿的话, 最好使用大众化的语言, 因为发言稿是面向听众的, 要做到简洁明快、条理清楚、观点明确。
3.确定人称
应用文往往采用第一人称的形式。
4.确定时态
应用文在时态的使用方面, 多用一般现在时, 当然在具体的写作过程中也会涉及其他的时态, 要认真把握好。
典例1(2023天津)
假如你是李华, 请根据以下提示, 给你的笔友Peter用英文写一封邮件, 向他讲述你班同学王亮的一个感人故事。
(1)一个下雨天, 王亮在路上看到一群人聚在一起。
(2)他走过去, 看到一位老妇人躺在地上。
(3)了解情况后, 他蹲下为老人撑伞。
(4)救护车到达后, 他悄悄地离开了。
(5)你认为……
参考词汇: 蹲下 crouch down　救护车 ambulance
要求:
(1)词数: 80~100个。
(2)开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
(3)要点齐全, 行文连贯, 可适当发挥。
Dear Peter,
How is everything going I’d like to tell you a story about my classmate, Wang Liang.
On a rainy day,


Do you have a story to share Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
How is everything going I’d like to tell you a story about my classmate, Wang Liang.
On a rainy day, Wang Liang saw a group of people gathering on the road. He went over and saw an old woman lying on the ground. Knowing the situation, he crouched down to hold an umbrella for the old woman. When the ambulance arrived, he left quietly.
I think Wang Liang is a good student who helps others. We should learn from him.
Do you have a story to share Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
活学活用
参考范文
Dear Helen,
Thank you for your e-mail. I would like to answer your questions.
I can do many things to relax myself on weekends. I often play table tennis, surf the Internet and watch TV. I usually do chores at home, because my parents are very busy and I want to help them. What I want to do most is ride bikes with friends. We have been to many beautiful villages. Next weekend, we are going to Mountain Meng. We always have fun.
Best wishes.
Wang Lin
话题作文也叫提示作文, 它要求根据汉语提示内容和英语提示词语, 写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英语短文。这种提示已将所要叙述的事情列出, 并且有的提示已给出了相应的英语词汇、短语或句型, 要求学生根据所给的提示, 展开合理的想象, 运用一定的语言逻辑, 使用正确的语法和句法, 将整篇的文字用英语表达出来。写话题作文要注意以下几点:
题型2　话题作文
1.认真审题, 看清题目中的要求
做书面表达题要认真仔细地阅读有关提示, 弄清试题提供的所有信息, 包含哪些情景、内容和要求, 要明确题目有哪些要点, 且要点必须齐备。要考虑用哪种体裁, 用第几人称来表述, 选择什么时态。这样, 思路才能清晰。
2.根据提示内容, 列出写作要点及每个要点中可能运用到的表达
话题作文通常会给出一些汉语提示(有时也会给出一些英语参考词汇)。首先, 应认真阅读提示内容, 依次列出写作要点, 注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容; 其次, 所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。对以表格、图表形式呈现的提示内容进行写作时, 要读懂所隐含的信息, 分析文章难点, 确定如何去写。在理解好中(英)文提示的基础上, 认真选词, 用准确的英文句子把文章的意思完整地表达出来。有时一个句子可能会有几种表达方式, 要根据实际情况选用最有把握的一种。遇到自己不是十分确定的词句, 可采用变通的方法, 切忌使用难词、难句。
3.紧扣要点, 动笔写作
依据写作提纲, 完成短文。在写作的过程中, 要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡, 必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词, 使文章过渡平稳、自然流畅。
典例2
在我们的成长过程中, 自律起着重要的作用。为了加强青少年的自我约束能力、某英语杂志社正在开展以“争做自律好学生”为主题的征文比赛。请你以How to be a self-disciplined student为题, 写一篇英语短文参赛。
要点如下:
(1)在学校: 遵守校规, 与同学相处融洽……;
(2)在家里: 按时完成家庭作业, 帮助父母做家务……;
(3)其他方面: 多阅读, 少玩电子游戏;
(4)自律的作用: 使我们更健康, 更快乐……
参考词汇: self-discipline n. 自律;
self-disciplined adj. 自律的
要求:
(1)短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息, 并适当发挥;
(2)词数80左右(短文标题和开头已给出, 不计入总词数);
(3)文中不得出现与考生相关的真实姓名、校名和地名。
How to be a self-disciplined student
Self-discipline plays an important role in our life. We must be strict with ourselves in everyday life.



One possible version:
How to be a self-disciplined student
Self-discipline plays an important role in our life. We must be strict with ourselves in everyday life. How can we be self-disciplined students
First of all, we should follow school rules and get on well with our classmates at school. Secondly, we should finish our homework on time and help our parents with housework at home. Thirdly, we should read more and play computer games less.
Self-discipline is good for us in many ways. It makes our life easier, happier and healthier. Our life and study are so well organized that we can save a lot of time. What’s more, being self-disciplined helps us prepare for a better and brighter future.
活学活用
参考范文
Nowadays, more and more students are getting near-sighted, so National Eye Care Day is set on June 6 every year. As we all know, eyes are the windows to the soul. We should try our best to protect them. Here are some suggestions for good eye health.
First, eat some foods that are good for eyes, such as carrots and eggs. Second, do more eye exercises to make them relaxed. Also, it’s helpful to look far away from time to time after studying long. Finally, make sure to have a good eye habit. Don’t read books or use a cell phone in bed.
In a word, eyes are so important that all of us should do what we can to keep them healthy.
(2)
俗话说“入乡随俗”, 去另外一个国家前, 先了解其习俗和历史是很有必要的。请你根据初中阶段所学到的关于英国的习俗和历史, 写一篇文章, 投稿到英文版的旅游文化刊物。
礼仪 第一次见面通常握手
跟年长的人说话要用Mr. 和Mrs.
饮食 在茶会(tea party)中只能喝茶, 不喝咖啡或果汁
城市 伦敦(London)约有两千年的历史
利物浦(Liverpool)在18世纪以工业闻名
注意事项 在公共场合不要大声说话
……(请再列举1~2点)
写作要点:
注意:
(1)词数80~100;
(2)短文的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数;
(3)文中需包括所有写作要点, 但不要逐字翻译, 可适当加入过渡语句, 使短文通顺、连贯;
(4)不能照抄原文, 文中不能出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称。
Before we go to another country, it is necessary for us to learn something about its customs and history. Take Britain as an example.

The golden rule is: Watch the other people. Do as they do.
参考范文
Before we go to another country, it is necessary for us to learn something about its customs and history. Take Britain as an example. People usually shake hands when they meet for the first time. We should say Mr. and Mrs. when we talk with older people. People can only drink tea at a tea party, not coffee or juice. In addition to the customs, we need to know about the history. London has a long history of about two thousand years. Liverpool is famous for industry in the 18th century. When we are in England, we can’t talk loudly in public. And we should stand in line when we wait for buses or trains.
The golden rule is: Watch the other people. Do as they do.
看图作文也是中考常见的一种题型, 旨在考查考生的观察分析能力和语言的综合运用能力。看图作文是通过对图片的观察来获取语言素材, 即根据图片呈现的内容, 结合所给的汉语提示或英语提示来描述图画的内容, 使意思连贯、通顺, 并符合图意。写看图作文时, 应注意以下几点:
题型3　看图作文
1.仔细审题, 弄清题目要求, 明确写作的中心思想
应将所给的全部图画或图表连贯起来看, 明确所给图画展示的是何种情景, 并结合汉语或英语的提示, 明确图片所要表达的中心内容。
2.仔细观察图画, 确定具体细节要素, 列出写作提纲
通常图画表达的是一个完整的故事情节, 如: 故事发生的时间、地点、主人公、事情、结局等。根据图画及提示内容列出写作要点, 再根据列出的要点确定使用哪些词汇、句型或惯用表达法。
3.明确时态, 理顺思路, 完成表达
根据图片和提示的内容, 确定需用哪种时态; 依据写作提纲, 进一步理顺写作思路, 将图与图之间的内在联系, 运用一定的语言逻辑连接起来, 把形象生动的图像信息转化为相应的文字表达, 并注意写作过程应详略得当。
典例3假设你是李平, 最近你在学习上遇到了问题。请用英语给你的英国朋友Nancy写一封电子邮件, 讲述你的问题并寻求她的帮助。
注意: (1)邮件必须包括下面三幅
画所描述的内容;
(2)词数80~100;
(3)开头和结尾已给出,
不计入总词数。
参考词汇: 考试不及格 fail the exam　熬夜 stay up late
Hi Nancy,
How are you Hope you’re well.


I’m really looking forward to receiving your reply soon.
Love,
Li Ping
One possible version:
Hi Nancy,
How are you Hope you’re well.
I have a problem and need your help. I failed the math exam yesterday. My mum was really mad with me. In order to do better next time, I stayed up late last night doing my homework. Since I didn’t get enough sleep, I felt very sleepy this morning. My teacher noticed it. She came up and asked what was wrong with me, but I didn’t tell her the truth. What should I do Can you give me some advice
I’m really looking forward to receiving your reply soon.
Love,
Li Ping
活学活用
参考范文
My School
This is a map of my school. In the middle of the school is a playground. The science building is on the right of the playground near the school gate. Behind the science building, on the right, is the library. Between the library and the dinning hall is the classroom building. In front of the dinning hall is the sports hall and the building in front of that is the office building.
My school is big, clean and beautiful. I’m happy to study and play in it every day. I like it very much.