Unit 6 Nurturing?nature Grammar 课件

(共29张PPT)
Unit 6
UNIT 6 Nurturing nature
Present perfect continuous
To learn the use of present perfect continuous tense
To use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about how the environment where you live has changed
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.
b …before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.
观察归纳
1
1 Which of these statements is true about sentence (a)
(1) Wild animals started using these passages in the past.
(2) Wild animals used these passages only once.
(3) Wild animals still use these passages now.
2 What is the difference between the expressions in red in sentences (a) and (b)
a: have been using
b: have reached
a: have been doing – present perfect continuous
b: have done –
present perfect
a Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.
b …before I know it, we have reached Tanggula Station.
They are different in form and meaning.
a: it means the action is continuous from the past
b: it means the action happened once in the past
Now look for more sentences with the present perfect continuous tense in the reading passage, and summarise its use in your own words.
1 The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.
2 All this time the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head.
3 The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting people’s admiration for centuries.
4 Now, thanks to our efforts, passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes.
Past
Present
Future
He is visiting the doctor.
The use of the present perfect continuous tense.
have / has been + v-ing
We use present perfect continuous tense for actions that started in the past and continue in the present.
1. 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在。动作是否继续下去，视上下文而定。
现在完成进行时
e.g. The CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever
since 1977.
For years we’ve been demanding better housing and jobs.
2. 强调时间的持续性。
e.g. It has been raining non-stop since last night. I wonder
when it will stop.
The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why
doesn’t someone answer it
3. 现在完成进行时常带有较强的感彩。
e.g. Oh, you have come at last! I have been waiting for you
for two hours.
4. 表示重复。
e.g. The weather has been changeable lately. I’ve been
having a lot of colds.
5. 现在完成进行时常与all the time, this week / month, all night, these few days, all the morning / afternoon, recently等时间状语以及由since或for引导的短语或从句连用。
e.g. I’ve been writing letters all this evening and I’ve just finished them.
She has been expecting a long distance call all night long.
1. 现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续，而现在完成时更多体现在动作已经完成。即现在完成进行时强调动词的延续性，而现在完成时强调动作的结果和影响。
e.g. I have knocked at the door twice.
我敲了两次门。
I have been knocking at the door for five minutes.
我不断敲门已经敲了五分钟了。
（强调现在还在敲门，很可能接着敲门。）
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
2. 现在完成进行时与所有进行时态一样带有感彩，可使表达显得生动，而现在完成时往往只表明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不带感彩。
e.g. What have you been doing You look fed up.
你一直在干什么呀？你看上去很不高兴。
试比较：
I have studied English for 8 years.
Henry has been doing his work orderly.
含有赞赏表扬的意味
陈述客观事实
用动词的正确形式填空。
1) —I’m sure Joey will win the first prize in the coming singing competition．
—I agree. He _________________ (prepare) for it for months. And listen, he is practicing singing now.
2) He _________________ (cough) a lot. He should go to see a doctor.
3) My dog is missing. I __________________ (look for) it recently and still haven’t found it.
4) I won’t buy that book because I _______________ (read) it.
has been preparing
has been coughing
have been looking for
have read
5) Here he is! We _________________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
6) Amy ________________ (expect) a long distance call all night.
7) Kate _________________________________ (consider) going home because she has run out of money, but she hasn’t decided yet.
8) I won’t tell the student the answer to the question until he _________________ (work) on it for more than ten minutes.
have been waiting
has been expecting
has been considering / is considering
has been working
选用括号内合适的内容完成下面对话。
Molly: Mum, you look really tired. What 1) ________________ (are you doing, have you been doing) all day
Mum: I 2) _____________________ (am cleaning, have been cleaning) the house.
Molly: 3) ___________________ (Have you seen, Have you been seeing) a gold necklace
have you been doing
have been cleaning
Have you seen
Mum: No, I have cleaned all the rooms but haven’t seen it. How long 4) _______________________ (were you looking for, have you been looking for) it
Molly: Well, I 5) _____________________ (didn’t see, haven’t seen) it since last week.
Mum: Amanda has tidied up a lot today. 6) ________________ (Have you asked, Have you been asking) her yet
Molly: No, I’ll ask her now. Thanks, Mum.
have you been looking for
haven’t seen
Have you asked
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
2
I 1_________________ (hear) a strange sound for a while. It’s a deep, loud roar, like a lion’s. But there aren’t any lions here... Or are there Soon I see what 2_________________ (make) the noise: a howler monkey. Now I feel less worried. Realising that something 3___________ (move) on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it. Oh no! It’s a giant spider! I brush it off and it runs under some leaves.
have been hearing
has been making
is moving
I try to bat away the huge insects, which 4_______________ (fly) around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.
I pull off the headset and I’m back in my living room. Thank goodness! I 5_______________ (give) the latest virtual reality headset and, for the last twenty minutes, I 6________________ (use) it to explore the Amazon. This is an amazing experience and a reminder of how many species there are in the rain forest. We must do all we can to protect it.
have been given
have been using
have been flying
Look at the charts and make sentences using the present perfect continuous tense.
3
1. The number of trees has been increasing in the last 20 years.
2. Desert areas have been reducing in the last 20 years.
3. Butterfly population has been increasing / has been becoming larger and larger in the last 20 years.
Talk about how the environment where you live has changed. Use the present perfect continuous tense where appropriate.
4
The environment near my home has changed a lot. The local authorities have been planting more trees along the roads, which makes the air fresher. Also, residents have been actively sorting waste, so the streets are cleaner than before. However, due to ongoing construction of new buildings, there has been increasing noise pollution in recent months.
现在完成进行时
总结 例句
构成 have / has + been + v-ing形式 Tom has been watching TV programmes since seven o’clock this evening.
I have been working here for five years.
总结 例句
用法 表示一个由过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作(可能刚结束，也可能还要进行下去)。 I’ve been doing my
housework all morning and I’ve just finished it.
How long have you been
wearing glasses
有时表示动作的重复。 David has been coughing a lot lately. He ought to give up smoking.
有时带有感彩。 Too much has been happening today!
总结 例句
常搭配的时间状语 all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及由since和for引导的短语或从句 My sister’s been writing letters all night.
He is ill. He’s been lying in bed for three weeks.
We’ve been living in this city since we got married.
Write a short passage in about 80 words to introduce how the environment where you live has changed, using the present perfect continuous tense.