2026年-中考英语-时态专题讲义-巩固练习-人教版（2012）（无答案）

初中语法复习之时态
初中阶段应掌握的时态共有八种，即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时和过去完成时。
1．一般现在时
（1）结构：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
（2）动词的第三人称单数形式变化规则如下：
①直接加-s。如：work→____________ ②以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-es。 如：carry→___________ cry→__________ try→__________ study→___________ ③以s,x,o,ch,sh结尾的词加-es。 如：wash→____________ teach→____________ go→____________ pass→____________fix→____________ ④特殊：have→____________
（3）用法：
①表示事实、现状、性质或经常性、习惯性的动作。常与seldom,often,usually,always, sometimes,to-day, every day, once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等时间状语连用。如：
I __________（go）to school at seven every day.
②表示普遍真理和客观事实。如：
The earth （go）around the sun.
③表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作。如：
Here ___________（come）the bus.
④在时间和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。如：
I'll go shopping with my mother if she （be）free tomorrow.
随堂练习
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
come___________ watch___________ teach____________ brush____________
drink ___________ go _____________ stay _____________ make ___________
look ___________ have____________ pass____________ carry ____________
plant___________ fly _____________ study____________ do______________
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I often （help） my mother with housework.
2. He always （ forget） to close the window.
3. The club （send） her a letter every month.
4. Every year my parents （give） me a present for my birthday.
5. your dad （wash） his car once a week Yes, he does.
6. My living room _____________(have) three windows.
7. Everyone _______________(not like) this movie.
8. How （do）he （get） there
2．一般过去时
（1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。句中的谓语动词要变为过去式，常与yesterday,
the day before yesterday, just now, last year（week, month等），...ago, in 1998等时间状语连用。
（2）过去式变变形规则：
①一般情况下，在动词原形后加-ed。如：watch→____________ ②以不发音字母e结尾的加-d。如：live→____________ ③以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i加-ed。如：study→__________ cry→____________ ④以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如： stop→____________ plan→____________
不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆
（3）用法：
①主要表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
His friend （be） at work yesterday.
②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always等表示频度的时间状语连用，“过去常常做某事”也可用used to do来表达。如：
We often （go）to work by bus last year.
③和when等引导的时间状语从句连用。如：
When he got home, he （have）a rest.
［提醒］since引导的从句常用一般过去时。如：
It has been ten years since I （come）here.
④常与表示过去的时间状语连用。此类状语有 ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday,
last week, in the old days, when I was five years old,in 1995等。如：
We (began) our work three hours ago.
随堂练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
have/ has_________ become___________ drive__________ make_____________ say_____________ know_____________ feel_____________ begin___________
speak___________ do/does_____________ leave_____________ read_____________
sit_____________ find_______________ spend____________ ride_____________
teach___________ go ____________ buy_______________ run____________
give____________ get______________ write_____________ come_____________
sleep___________ see____________ take____________ tell_____________
二、用动词的适当形式填空：
1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2.Mike _____________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So I_________(get ) up late.
3.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
4.There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
5.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
6.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
7.Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
8.My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
9.She _________ (watch) TV every evening. But she _____________ (not watch) TV last night.
10.When I came back home, mom was_____________（water）the garden.
3.现在进行时
（1）结构：am/is/are＋动词的-ing形式
（2）现在分词的变化规则：
①一般直接加-ing。如：play→____________ ②以不发音字母e结尾的，去e加-ing。如：come→____________ make→____________ ③以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ing。如： run→____________ sit→____________ begin→____________ ④特殊：die→____________ lie→____________ tie→____________
（3）用法：
①表示目前正在发生（进行）的动作（不指状态），常用的时间状语有 now,at the moment等。当有look，listen起提示作用时，后面的句子常用现在进行时。如：
He_______________（write）a letter to his friend now
Listen! She （sing） in the next room.
②表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作。如：
We （plant）trees these days.
③表示位移的动词的进行时表示动作将要发生。此类词有come,go,leave,arrive,fly等，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：
The bus （come）.公交车要来了。
随堂练习
写出下列动词的现在分词：
play__________run______________swim____________make___________go________
like____________write____________read____________have___________sing_______
dance___________put____________ see_____________buy____________love_________
live____________take____________come____________get____________stop_________
sit____________begin____________shop____________draw___________open________
用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
The boy __________________ ( draw) a picture now.
Listen！Some girls _________________( sing) in the classroom .
My mother __________________ ( cook ) some nice food now.
What __________ you ______________ ( do ) now
Look！They _____________( have) an English lesson .
They __________________(not water) the flowers now.
Look!The girls ___________________(dance ) in the classroom .
What is our granddaughter doing She __________________(listen ) to music.
It's 5 o'clock now. We ________________(have) supper now.
10.________Helen______________(wash ) clothes Yes ,she is.
4、过去进行时
（1）结构：was/were+v.-ing
（2）用法：过去进行时主要表示过去某一时间点或某一段时间正在进行的动作。如：
His father fell down while he （ride）his bicycle and hurt himself.
（3）常用的时间状语：this morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday, from nine to ten,at 8:30 last evening,when,while等。
（4) when和while的区别：
①引导时间状语从句时，while 连接的是时间段，后常接延续性动词；而when连接的既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词。如：
What was your father doing while your mother （cook）？
I （do）my homework when my mother came back
②when可作特殊疑问词，对时间进行提问；while 不能。如：When were you born
5、一般将来时
（1）结构：助动词shall/will＋动词原形；be going to＋动词原形
（2）用法：
①表示将要发生的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有 later(on),soon,in a month(in＋时间段）,next time,from now on,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow等。如：
She ______________(visit) the school next month.
There is going (be) a music festival next month.
（3）注意：
①在第一人称作主语的问句中，常用shall表示提议和询问情况，在第二人称作主语的问句中，用will表示请求。如：
Where shall we have lunch？
②在时间或条件状语从句中，一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：
If it _____________（not rain） tomorrow, we_____________（go） boating.
③“be going to＋动词原形”也可表示将来时。
a.表示主观意愿、打算等。如：
He is going to learn English next term.
b.根据已有迹象推测可能要发生的情况。如：
Look at the black clouds! It is going （rain）.
④there be 结构的一般将来时为“there will be或there is/are going to be”。
随堂练习
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.She ______________(visit) the school next month.
2.I_____________ (make) a plan for English study in three days.
3.He (not go) to school tomorrow because he is ill.
4. ________ you _______( learn ) Chinese next week
5.She (visit) her grandparents this weekend.
6.I think it (snow) heavily tomorrow.
7. What time _________we _________ (leave) tomorrow
8.They (have) a big party next Saturday.
9. I _______________(be) fifteen soon.
10. Jim with his parents ________________(visit) the Great Wall the day after tomorrow.
11.There (be) a football match on TV tonight.
12.We (play) basketball after school.
13.It (rain) tomorrow. You should take an umbrella.
14.Tom (come) to the party tomorrow because he is busy.
15.There (be) a new library in our town next year.
16.He (go) to the cinema with his friends tonight.
17. If my mother ________(leave) for her company, I ____________(listen) to the music.
18.She isn't going to (visit) her grandparents this weekend.
6．过去将来时
（1）结构：would＋动词原形或 was/were+going to＋动词原形。
（2）用法：表示从过去的某一时刻看，将要发生的动作。如：
His uncle said that there （be）a good harvest the next year.他叔叔说明年会有个好收成。
［提醒］在由if引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句用过去将来时那么if从句需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：
Amy said that she would go shopping if it didn't rain the next day.
7．现在完成时
（1）结构：have/has＋动词的过去分词
（过去分词变化规则基本与过去式变化相同。有些特殊变化需单独记忆）
（2）用法：
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,常与just, already, yet, recently,before,ever,never，twice,three times等时间状语连用。如：
I （see）the film already.
②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与“since＋时间点或since＋从句（一般过去时）”，“for＋时间段” 及how long, (ever) since，ever, before, so far, in the last/past few years等时间状语连用。如：
We （plant）thousands of trees in the past few years.
So far there （be）no bad news.
（3）一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时只强调在过去发生过某事或关注的是动作发生的时间、地点、方式等。而现在完成时则强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，因此，若不强调某事对现在的影响就不用现在完成时。如：
I saw the movie yesterday.
我昨天看了这部电影。（强调电影是昨天看的）
I have already seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。（强调到现在为止看过这部电影了）
（4）延续性动词
在现在完成时中，如果有持续的时间状语，则要把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。如：
I have had the book for two days.
这本书我已经买了两天了。（用had而不用bought）
常用的非延续性动词变延续性动词如下： leave --- be away borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear； catch a cold →have a cold等。
练一练
1.I______________(borrow→keep) the book from the school library for two weeks.
2.Mr.Wu_____________(teach) English since he became a teacher about thirty years ago.
3.The movie ____________(begin→be on) for around an hour.
4.Zeng Yikang______________(go to →be in) the US for two years.
5.The window______________(open→be open) for two hours.
随堂练习
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.---What do you think of the novel Journey to the West
---I think it's exciting and I (read) it already.
2.We ______________（know） Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
3.---Would you like something to drink
---No,thanks. I (drink) some tea already.
4.---What do your parents think of our plan,Jane
---Sorry,I haven't (tell) them yet.
5.I'm afraid I can't join you for dinner because I have just (have) dinner at home.
6.Tom has （write） a book report，so he can share it with us this afternoon.
7. —__________ you __________ （do）your homework yet
—Yes . I _______________ （finish） it a moment ago .
8.The famous writer _________________ （write）one new book in the past two years .
9.Harry Potter is a very nice film. I___________________（see） it twice.
10.Zhao Lan __________already _____________（study）in this school for two years .
8．过去完成时
（1）结构：had＋动词的过去分词
（2）用法：
①表示过去的某一时刻以前已经发生的动作或存在的状态，也就是“过去的过去”。常以by, before短语或when,before,after,until等引导的从句作为前提。如：
When the police arrived, the thieves （run）away.
By the time I got back to school, the bell （ring）.
②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态。与现在完成时一样，过去完成时也常与 how long,for three days,before等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
When Jack arrived, he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到来时，他得知玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。
时态综合巩固练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I often ___________（help）my mother with housework.
2. It's 5 o'clock now. We _____________(have) supper now.
3. We will go to the cinema if it __________（rain）tomorrow.
4. Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
5. The club ___________（send）her a letter every month.
6. Every year my parents （give）me a present for my birthday.
7. ______Helen__________(wash ) clothes Yes , she is.
8. She ___________ (watch) TV every evening. But she ___________ (not watch) TV last night.
9. _________ your dad （wash）his car once a week Yes, he does.
10.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
11.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
12. My living room ____________(have) three windows.
13. Everyone ______________(not like) this movie.
14. China _____________（win）lots of high praises since we turned the sand into forests.
15. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
16. What is our granddaughter doing She ____________(listen ) to music.
17. Mike ___________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So he_________(get ) up late.
18. Listen! The girls ______________(sing ) in the classroom .
19. There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
20. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
21. I______________（know）Anna since 3 years ago.
22. When I came back home, mom was_____________（water）the garden.
23. I ____________ (write) a letter when the door bell rang.
24. While John ______________(take) photos, Mary bought a drink.
25. ---How long________ the Wangs ___________（stay）here ---For two years.