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Unit 2 Body language
单元小结
知识目录
学习目标：谈论肢体语言。能读懂关于体态语言这方面的文章。
语法目标：学习动词V+ing的用法。
听说目标：能听懂并谈论肢体语言（ballet-the language of dancer）对话或小短文，能用英文表达出接受或拒接建议。
写作目标：能够学会写出关于肢体语言的小短文。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点单词 默写
要点2 重点短语 默写
要点3 重点句式 默写
【精讲精练】
要点1 mean/meaning的用法 练习
要点2 expression的用法 练习
要点3 impression的用法 练习
要点4 appearance的用法 练习
要点5 hold的用法 练习
要点6 remind的用法 练习
要点7 look构成的短语的用法 练习
要点8 instead of的用法 练习
要点9 try doing 和try to do的用法 练习
要点10 stop doing /stop to do/ stop….from doing的用法 练习
要点11 chance的用法 练习
要点12 behaviour的用法 练习
要点13 immediately的用法 练习
要点14 cause的用法 练习
要点15.case的用法 练习
要点16. the key to的用法 练习
要点17. suppose的用法 练习
要点18. be likely doing/ be likely to do的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 Verv+ing的用法 14
要点2 Verb-ing and verb-ed as adjectives的用法 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 17
要点2 单元写作通用表达 18
要点3经典范文 18
要点4实战演练 19
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
【重点单词】默写版
（1）nouns
1._________________夫人；女士
2. _________________印象
【变形】_______________ v.给留下深刻的好印象
_________________ adj.给人印象深刻的
【搭配】_________________给留下深刻的好印象
3. _________________具体情况；事例
【搭配】_________________ 在很多情况下
4. _________________s老板
5. _________________芭蕾舞
6. _________________行为；举止
【变形】_________________ v. 行为,表现
7. _________________ 表情；神色
【变形】_________________ v.表达
_________________ adj.有表现力的
8. _________________意义；意思
【变形】_________________ v. 意思是，意思
_________________ adj. 有意义的
（2） verbs
9. _________________摇动；抖动
10. _________________鼓掌；拍手
11. _________________注意到；观察到
【变形】_________________ n.观察
_________________ n.观察者
12. _________________提醒；使想起
【搭配】_________________提醒某人某事
13. _________________点头
14. _________________e假定；假设
【搭配】_________________ 应该
15. _________________使保持（在某位置）
【搭配】_________________抬起，举起
（3）djectives
16. _________________羞怯的；腼腆的
17. _________________直接的
【变形】_________________ n.导演；经理
_________________ v.指导；指挥
_________________ n.方向；指导
18. _________________不自在的
【变形】_________________adj.舒适的
_________________ adv.不自在地
_________________n.舒适；安慰
_________________ n.不适
（4）adverbs
19. _________________立即；马上；立刻
20. _________________真诚地
【变形】_________________ adj.真实的
_________________ n.真理；事实
【重点短语】默写版
1._____________________兼职工作
2. _____________________代替，而不是
3. _____________________低头看
4. _____________________举起，抬起
5. _____________________向…寻求帮助
6. _____________________坐直
7. _____________________给某人留下好印象
8. _____________________体态语言
9. _____________________眼神接触
10. _____________________直视某人
11. _____________________关键在于
12. _____________________最有可能在做
13. _____________________走到；走向
14. _____________________首先
15. _____________________注意
【重点句式】默写版
1. I don’t______ ______ _______ to speak我没有机会发言
2. Her ________ _______ _________is making people feel welcome她的肢体语言让人感到受欢迎
3. He _______ ________straight and tried_______ ________people. 他坐直了身子，试着对人们微笑
4. You _____ ______ _______ _____ ________ her. 你给她留下了好印象
5.Eye contact means________ _________another person's eyes. 眼神接触是指直视他人的眼睛。
6.But ______ ______ _________, eye contact is _______ ______ _______ good communication.
但在许多情况下，眼神交流是良好沟通的关键
7.These differences can _______ ________. 这些差异可能会引发问题
8.In fact, the East Asian woman______ _______ ________ _________respect and being polite.
事实上，东亚女性这样做很可能是出于尊重和礼貌。
9. looking down when ________ ________ an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite.
当与一个年纪比较大的人，像老师、父亲或母亲谈话的时候，向下看是礼貌的。
10.This gesture can have______ ______ ___________. 这个手势可能有很多不同的含义。
11. _______ _______ __________, a nod often shows agreement. 首先，点头通常表示同意。
【精讲精练】
要点1 mean/meaning
1）meaning n. 意义；意思
Do you take my meaning 你明白我的意思了吗
2）meaningful adj. 有意义的
You want your work to be meaningful. 你想要你的工作有意义。
3）means n. 方法，手段，工具（单复同形）
4）mean是动词，有如下用法：
(1) 表示“意思是，指的是”，后接名词、动词不定式或句子。例如：
The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。
Do you mean that I am too heavy 你的意思是我太胖了？
(2)表示“打算，意欲”，后面常接不定式。例如：
He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。
(3) 表示“意味着……”，后面常接动名词作宾语。例如：
Missing the train means waiting for another one hour.
赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。
(4) What does…mean = What’s the meaning of…
= What do you mean by… 意为“……是什么意思？”
【典例分析】
完成句子
1．我昨天本来打算来看你的，但是发生了一些事情。
I _______ ________ __________ to see you yesterday, but something happened to me.
2. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
Missing this train ________ ________ __________ another hour.
3.这个单词什么意思？
What does the word mean
=What’s _________ _________ of the word
=What do you _______ ________ the word
4.It is ____________ (meaning)to do voluntary work.
要点2 expression
expression 通常用作下面三种意思。
1.表达；表述 2.表情；神情 3.短语；措辞
1.The expression of love can be in many ways.爱的表达可以有很多种方式。
2.When I told her the good news, a big smile and a surprised expression appeared on her face.我告诉她这个好消息时，她脸上露出了灿烂的笑容和惊讶的表情。
3.We should learn some common English expressions for daily communication.
我们应该学习一些日常交流的常用英语表达。
express词性 动词，意为：表示；表达（思想和感情）
对某人表达... express ...to sb.
I find it difficult to express my meaning. 我发觉难以表达我的意思。
She expressed her thanks to us.她向我们致谢。
【典例分析】
1.The artist always__________ (表达) his world view in his works.
2.—Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way.
—I agree. Most poets(诗人) describe this season to a feeling of sadness, but in Liu’s eyes autumn is full of life and hope.
A. excuse B. express C. expect D. explain
3.The girl’s voice is sweet , but she doesn’t sing with much _____ .
A. impression B. instruction C. expression D. misleading
要点3 impression
impression n. 印象
① give sb. a good impression=make a good impression on sb.
给某人留下一个好印象。
His kindness gave us a deep impression.= His kindness made a good impression on us.
他的热心给我留下了深刻的印象。
② impress v. 给……留下深刻的印象
impress sth. on sb 使某人意识到某事
impress sb. with ... 给某人留下……印象
He impressed her with his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。
【典例分析】
1. 这本书给我留下了很深的印象。
The book ______ ______ _____ __________ on me.
2. The beautiful scenery left a deep i____ on all the visitors during the trip.
3.The kind teacher left a deep _______ on all her students with her patience and care.
A. impression B. expression C. opinion D. idea
要点 4：appearance
appearance n. 外貌；外表
Why do we care so much about appearance 为什么我们如此在意外表呢？
(1)appear v. 出现；似乎；显得
A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway. 一个女人突然出现在门口。
The old man appears to be in good health. 这位老人显得十分健康。
(2)disappear v. 消失
She disappeared down the corridor. 她消失在走廊尽头。
【典例分析】
1.We should not judge a person by his _____.
A. appear B. disappear C. appearance
2.He ____________ (appearance)and never came back.
3.云似乎消失了。
The cloud _____________ _____________ ____________
要点5 hold
hold 是动词，意为“举行，举办，召开”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。
hold a meeting举行会议
hold a concert举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting举行运动会
【拓展】hold的其他含义：
hold 保持；维持 How long will this fine weather hold 这样的好天气能维持多久？
抓住；握住；拿住 He held the thief by the arm. 他抓住那个小偷的胳膊。
容纳；包含 Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 教室能容纳50多个学生。
支撑……的重量 The chair can’t hold your weight. 这把椅子不能承受你的重量。
短语 catch hold of抓住； hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等
【典例分析】
1. The Olympic Games _____every four years.
A. are held B. were hold C. are holding D. will hold
2、翻译，指出下面Hold在各句的意义。
1）He was holding the baby in his arms.
2）We hold a sports meeting twice a year in our school.
3）Hold your head up.
4）I don't think the chair can hold your weight.
5）The plane holds about 300 passengers.
3. 老师叫他抬起头来。
The teacher asked him to ________ his head ________ .
4.明天将要举行一场运动会。
A sports meeting will___________ ___________ tomorrow.
要点6 remind
remind
1.表示 “使想起;使记起”,常见搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.
“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that从句“使某人回忆起……”。例如:
He reminds me of his father.
The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
2.表示“提醒”,常见搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;
remind sb.+ that从句“提醒某人……”。
Please remind me to post the letter.
She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.
【典例分析】
1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.
A．remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed
2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.
—No problem. I'll surely you.
A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order
3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.
A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made
4.他的父母经常提醒他努力学习。
His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.
5.我提醒她必须在天黑之前回家。
I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.
6. 这些照片使我想起了我的学生时代。
The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.
要点 7
look在本句中用作不及物动词,意为“看；望”，与at连用，表示“看着……；望着……”，后面要接宾语。
【举例】
Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are! 看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!
【拓展】
(1)look用作不及物动词与其他某些介词或副词连用，常见的有：
①look after意为“照看；照料”。
He is old enough to look after himself. 他年龄足够大,能照顾自己。
②look for意为“寻找”。
I looked for you just now, but I didn’t find you. 刚才我到处找你,但没找到。
③look around意为“四下环顾;到处寻找”。
He looked around but he saw nobody. 他四下环顾,但什么人也没看到。
④look up意为“抬头看;查;找出”。
He looked up and smiled at me. 他抬起头,对我笑了笑。
If there are words you don’t understand, look them up in the dictionary. 如果你有不认识的单词可以查词典。
⑤look down on意为“看不起”。
Don’t look down on others. 不要看不起别人。
⑥look forward to意为“盼望”。
We are looking forward to seeing you again. 我们盼望再见到你。
⑦look into意为“朝……里面看”。
He looked into the box, but he saw nothing. 他朝箱子里面看了看,但什么也没看到。
⑧look through意为“浏览;仔细检查;看穿”。
I have looked it through. 我已把它仔细地看了一遍。
⑨look out意为“当心”。
Look out! Don’t hit the tree. 当心!不要撞到树。
⑩look over意为“仔细检查;翻阅”。
The doctor is looking him over. 医生正在给他仔细检查。
(2)look用作连系动词,意为“看起来”，其后可接形容词或过去分词。
You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。
You look tired. You’d better have a rest. 你看上去很累。你最好休息一下。
【典例分析】
1. Here is the book. First ________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after
2.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
3. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
4.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou
—Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great!
A．looking down on B．looking out for C．looking up to D．looking forward to
5.My grandmother enjoys newspapers after dinner every day, and she often tells me something new in the world.
A. looking up B. looking for C. looking at D. looking through
6. Lily didn’t come to school yesterday because she had to ______ her sick mother at home.
A. look after B. look over C. look up D. look like
要点8 instead of的用法
1.instead of是短语介词 ,意为“代替;而不是”,其后可以接名词、代词或动名词等。例如:
We will play football instead of swimming.我们要去踢足球,而不是游泳。
2.instead作副词,意为“代替;反而;却”,常用于句尾或句首。若位于句首,常用逗号与后面内容隔开。
例如:
She didn’t study. Instead, she played table tennis the whole day.她没有学习。相反,她打了一天乒乓球。
Tom didn’t go to see a film. Instead, he read at home.
【典例分析】
1.根据句意, 选用instead或instead of填空。
1) Mary is going to Shanghai __________Guangzhou.
2) Jack didn’t do his homework. ________, he went to see a film.
3) Ann said nothing. She began to cry ________.
4) I have to do my homework __________ going out.
2.昨晚他待在家里，而没有去看电影
He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.
3.她没有玩电脑游戏，而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
4.He didn't answer my question. Instead，he asked me a question.(同义改写)
＝He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.
5. What a nice day！We should go sightseeing ________ watching TV in the hotel.
A．because of B．instead of C．together with D．instead
6．Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks________.
A．instead B．either C．too D．instead of
要点9 try doing 和try to do
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth. 试图做某事
try one’s best to do sth. 努力做某事。=try to sth.
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
4.你应该尽力多开口说话。
You must _______ ________ ____, I think your Chinese
5.他坐直了身体，并尝试对人微笑。
He _______ _______ and tried _____ ________people
6.本学期我会尽力学好物理。
I’ll ________ __________ _________ ________ learn physics well this term.
= I’ll ___________ ___________learn physics well this term.
要点10 stop doing /stop to do/ stop….from doing
(1)stop的后面可以用动词不定式也可以用动名词作宾语。
stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”；
stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如：
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
（2）stop还可以构成短语
stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。例如：
The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
【典例分析】
1.那场大雪使他未能来我们的聚会。
The heavy snow _____________ __________ __________ __________ to our party.
2.The heavy rain stopped them _______ home on time.
A. return B. returning C. returned D. to return
3. You look tired, you must________.
A. stops to work B. stopped working C. stop to work D. stop working
4. In the end, we felt tired, so we stopped ______ a rest.
A. having B. to have C. had D. have
5.请停止说话，咱们开始上课。
Please _________ _____________. Let’s start the lesson.
6大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
7.我们必须阻止人们砍伐树林。
We must ___________people _____________ ____________ down trees.
要点11 chance
（1） chance表示“机会”，是可数名词，要表示“做某事的机会”，其后可接 to do sth. 或 of doing sth.。例如：
It is a good chance to study English. 这是学习英语的好机会。
I have a chance of going to Beijing. 我有机会去北京。
（2）表示“希望”、“可能性”，可用作可数名词或不可数名词。要表示“做某事的可能性”，通常后接“of doing” 形式。例如：
He has a good chance of winning. 他很有希望获胜。
There is still chance that you will pass the exam. 你考试及格还是有希望的。
（3）用于 by chance, 意为“偶然地”、“无意中”。例如：
He met her by chance. 他是偶然遇到她的
【典例分析】
1.The people who are more confident have more_________ to make themselves successful.
A．education B．chances C．pride D．excuses
要点12 behavior
（1）behavior作名词，意为“行为，举止；态度”。例如：
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
（2）behavior作名词，意为“（机器等的）运转状态，性能”。例如：
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【拓展】
behave
（1）作动词，意为“表现，行为举止”。例如：
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
（2）作动词，意为“（机器等）开动，运转”。例如：
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
2. The _____ is the way a person, an animal, a plant, et， behaves in a particular situation.
A. behaviour B. appearance C. amount D. file
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
要点13 immediately
immediately：adv. 立即；马上；即刻
He called a meeting immediately after hearing the bad news. 听到这个坏消息后，他立即召开了一个会议。
Mary answered the phone immediately. 玛丽立即接了电话。
【拓展】immediately相当于at once、right away、in no time。
【典例分析】
1．—Get up__________ , or you won’t catch the early bus.
— OK . I will .
A．suddenly B．lightly C．carefully D．immediately
2．—He often replies to his daughter’s message after he receives it.
—There’s nothing strange about that. She is the person he cares most about.
A．immediately B．slowly C．quietly D．suddenly
要点14 cause
cause ① n.起因
These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。
I don't think you have cause to worry. 我认为你没有担心的理由。
② vt. 造成；导致……发生
The child's headache may be caused by stress. 那孩子的头痛可能是紧张引起的。
The earthquake caused great damage. 地震造成很大损害。
【辨析】cause reason excuse
1）cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事件有因果关系。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.
事故的起因是他开的太快了
2）reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
I have many reasons to fear him. 我怕他是有很多理由的。
3）excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。
Don't make up any excuse for your mistakes. 不要为你的过错编造任何借口。
【典例分析】
1．When populations increase too fast, it can ________ problems.
A．prepare B．mention C．accept D．cause
2．—Sandy never cooks at home! How can a girl be so lazy
—I don’t think you have ________ to worry, Mom! That’s just a new lifestyle!
A．cause B．opinion C．excuse D．result
要点15 case
case 意为 “情况；情形；案例”
Is it the case that you have lost all your money 你的钱全丢了，是真的吗？
此外，case还有“箱子；盒子”的意思
John bought a case of beer. 约翰买了一箱啤酒。
1. in many cases 在很多情况下
In many cases, eye contact helps people communicate better.
在很多情况下，眼神交流能帮助人们更好地沟通.
2. in this case 在这种情况下
The door is locked. In this case, we need to call the teacher.
门锁了。在这种情况下，我们需要给老师打电话。
3. in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话
— The test is very difficult. — In that case, we should study harder tonight.
—这次考试很难。 —既然那样，我们今晚应该更努力学习。
in case以防;以防万一 in case of 如果;假使
【典例分析】
1.你不喜欢这份工作？既然这样，你为什么不辞职呢？
You don’t like the job _______ _______ _______ why don’t you quit
2.—Mike can't go to the party with us because he has to stay at home and look after his mother.
— , we won't wait for him any more.
A. After all B. In that case C. For example D. Above all
3.When dealing with this kind of difficult problem, we need to consider every possible _____ carefully before making a decision.
A. case B. idea C. reason D. example
要点16 the key to
the key to 在本句意为“……的关键；……的秘诀”，后面接名词或动名词，介词to 不能用of替换。
The key to success is to keep doing it.
成功的关键是坚持做下去。
The key to solving this problem is to find out Tom.
解决这个问题的关键是要找到汤姆。
the key to 还有“……的答案；……的钥匙”等意思。
These are the keys to the grammar exercises.
这些是语法练习题的答案。
要点17 suppose
作动词 (v.)，意为 “假设；假定；认为”
1. suppose + that 从句 假设……；认为……
I suppose (that) he will come to the party. 我认为他会来参加派对。
Let's suppose (that) the news is true. What should we do then
让我们假设这个消息是真的。那我们该怎么办？
2. suppose + sb. + to do sth. 认为某人会做某事
People suppose him to be a good student. 大家认为他是个好学生。
例句：I suppose her to finish the work today.
3. 用于祈使句：Suppose / Supposing (that)... 假如……
Suppose you have a lot of money. What will you buy first
假如你有很多钱，你会先买什么？
4. 口语常用短句：I suppose so. 我认为是这样的。
— Will the math class be canceled tomorrow
— I suppose so. The teacher told us yesterday.
明天的数学课会取消吗？ 我想是的。老师昨天跟我们说了。
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事；被期望做某事
We are supposed to arrive at school before 7:30 a.m.
我们应该早上 7 点半之前到校。
【典例分析】
1.—Mr. Smith is in Shanghai now. I ________ he will come to your party.
—That'll be great!
A. plan B. suppose C. regret D. decide
3.You are ________ to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
4.我猜想我们下周将去那儿.
I suppose _______ ________ ________ _________next week.
5.我认为她已经动身回家了.
I _________ _________ ________ have already left for home.
6.我们所有的人都认为他很聪明.
We all________ _________ ________
7.你应该在9点钟到达这里.
You _______ _______ ________be here at nine.
要点18 be likely doing/ be likely to do
1. be likely doing“当前可能在发生的动作”。
He is likely playing basketball on the playground now.
他现在可能正在操场上打篮球。
They are likely watching TV at home because it’s raining outside.
外面在下雨，他们可能正在家里看电视。
2. be likely to do sth.（很可能做某事）
She is very likely to win the English competition.
她很有可能赢得这次英语竞赛。
It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.
今天下午可能会下雨，所以带把伞吧。
【典例分析】
1.这些志愿者们很可能正在社区里帮助老人打扫房间。
These volunteers ____ ____ ____ ______the elderly clean their rooms in the community.
知识要点二、语法
一、基础知识夯实
A、动名词的构成。
1. 一般词尾+ing。 work-working
2. 以e结尾的去e+-ing: make-making
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的双写最后一个辅音字 母,再+-ing: put-putting
4. 特例: lie-lying die-dying
写出下面动词的Ving 形式
1.begin____________ 2.communicate____________ 3.dance____________ 4.hold____________ 5.sigh____________ 6.die ____________ 7.put ____________ 8.prefer____________ 9.shop____________ 10.stop ____________ 11.see____________ 12.wake____________ 13.play____________ 14.teach____________ 15.swim____________ 16.form____________ 17.take ____________ 18.pay ____________ 19.offer____________ 20.organize___________
21.hurt____________ 22. ask____________ 23.raise____________ 24.mean____________
动名词的用法
1. 动名词是以-ing结尾的名词。这些名词描述动作和活动。
2. 动名词可作主语、宾语以及表语等句子成分。
3. 我们通常通过在动词后加-ing来构成动名词。
4. 动名词通常都是不可数的，不能在前面加a或an。
5. 动名词可以有自己的宾语。
6.动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
7.两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。
B、动名词的语法功能。
（1）作主语
1.眼见为实。
____________ is believing
2. 爬山是一项有益的运动
__________ hills____________ a helpful event.
3.我认为上学已改变了我的生活。
I think _________ _________ school _________ already changed my life.
4. 交多点朋友对你有好处。
______ _______ _______ is good for you.
（2）作表语。
1.她的工作是教英语。
Her Job is___________ ____________.
（3）作宾语。习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practise
(包括介词宾语，动词在介词后面要用Ving形式，常用介词 of, in, at, about, for, without等)
1.我姐姐喜欢打网球。
My sister enjoys__________ __________.
2.你介意开窗吗？
Do you mind ____________ the window
3.你对下象棋感兴趣吗？
Are you interested in ___________ ________
4.我盼望去参观长城。
I’m looking forward to __________the Great Wall.
5.他善于画画。
He is good at ___________ ___________.
6.他呆在家里，而没有看足球赛。
He stayed at home__________ __________ ____________ football match.
(4)作定语
1.这是我们的阅览室。
This is our ____________room.
C 用于某些惯用法中。
be busy doing sth
be worth doing sth
It’s no use / good doing sth
1.妈妈在厨房忙着做饭。
Mother _________ ________ _________dinner in the kitchen.
2.这本书值得一读。
The book __________ __________ __________.
D.动词接不定式和动名词意义大不相同
stop to do something 停止手中事，去做另一件事
stop doing something 停止正在做的事
remember / forget / regret to do something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生）
remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生）
try to do something 设法，努力去做，尽力
try doing something 试试去做，看有何结果
mean to do something 打算做，企图做
mean doing something 意思是，意味着
see (hear, watch)sb do sth. 看见（听见）某人做过某事。（全过程）
see (hear ,watch)sb. doing sth 看见（听见）某人正在做某事（部分）
1.My father wasn’t happy, because I forgot ________(do) my homework.
2. I remember ________ (tell) you about him that day.
3. I often see them _______（talk）with some foreigners .
4.When he got there, he saw them_________(play) football.
5.You look tired, you must stop ________ (work).
6.You look tired, you must stop ________ (rest).
7.你应该尽力多开口说话。
You must _______ ________ ____, I think your Chinese
8.他坐直了身体，并尝试对人微笑。
He _______ _______ and tried _______ ________people
语法二 Verb-ing and verb-ed as adjectives
Verb-ing and verb-ed结尾形容词的区别
V-ed 结尾的形容词通常用来描述人的感受、情绪或状态，表达 “（人）感到…… 的”。主语一般是人。
V-ing 结尾的形容词通常用来描述人或事物本身的性质、特征，表达 “令人…… 的”。
The movie is exciting, and we are all excited about it.
这部电影令人兴奋，我们所有人都对它感到很激动。
The story is surprising, and my sister feels very surprised after hearing it.
这个故事令人惊讶，我妹妹听完后感到十分吃惊。
常见的Verb-ing and verb-ed结尾形容词
1 interested（感兴趣的）& interesting（有趣的）
2 excited（兴奋的）& exciting（令人兴奋的）
3 surprised（惊讶的）& surprising（令人惊讶的）
4 bored（无聊的）& boring（令人无聊的）
5 tired（疲倦的）& tiring（令人疲倦的）
6 pleased（高兴的）& pleasing（令人高兴的）
7 frightened（害怕的）& frightening（令人害怕的）
8 relaxed（放松的）& relaxing（令人放松的）
9 worried（担心的）& worrying（令人担心的）
10 confused（困惑的）& confusing（令人困惑的）
11 satisfied（满意的）& satisfying（令人满意的）
12 amazed（惊讶的）& amazing（令人惊讶的）
13 disappointed（失望的）& disappointing（令人失望的）
14 touched（感动的）& touching（令人感动的）
15 embarrassed（尴尬的）& embarrassing（令人尴尬的）
【典例分析】
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
3. The children are very _______ to play games. (excite)
4. The running race is so ________. (excite)
5. I think the film is _______ . (bore)
6. Several students are ______ at study. (bore)
知识要点三、书面表达
【话题分析】
本单元就体态语言展开讨论，学习和运用本单元的语言点。学习和运用本单元的语言点。1. 我喜欢使用肢体语言; 2. 使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己, 让别人更容易理解我们; 3. 肢体语言很有趣，它能让谈话变得更轻松; 4. 使用正确的肢体语言能给别人留下好印象。并能够介绍各国身体语言的各自特点。
完成对具体身体语言的介绍和输出。介绍身体语言文章的整体注意事项。
一、开头：定义 + 总起，引出下文。
用简单句描述动作本身，让读者明确所讲的身体语言是什么。
二、中间：分点论述，讲清不同含义
采用 “主要含义 + 举例说明 + 补充含义” 的逻辑展开，层次分明.
三、结尾：总结意义，升华主题
强调理解这种身体语言的价值，回扣 “沟通” 这一核心目的，简洁收尾。
写作时特别提示：
主题要明确，逻辑要连贯，具象阐释。文章的内容要做到“定义引入—含义分述—价值总结”的脉络清晰，各环节紧密衔接。通过具体实例、通俗解释等方式，让抽象的“身体语言含义”变得具象可感，帮助读者更好地理解和感知。同时，合理使用过渡词、过渡句，让不同部分的衔接更自然。
Basic structure of how to introduce a body language
【通用句型】
一、开头通用句式
① When you [身体语言动作], you [具体动作描述].
当你做挥手的手势时，你的手会前后移动。
②这个手势可能有很多不同的含义。
③......在日常交流中，这是一个常见的姿势，但它的含义却各不相同。
[Body language name] is a common gesture that means different things in daily communication.
二、中间通用句式
1.To begin with, [body language name] usually expresses [meaning 1]. For example….
首先，竖起大拇指通常表示赞同。例如，当老师问学生是否理解了课程内容时，如果学生竖起大拇指，就意味着他们已经掌握了这些知识
2.One of the most common meanings of [body language name] is [meaning 1].
握手最常见的含义之一是表示友谊
3.然而，挥手并不总是表示问候。有时候，它仅仅表示你正在向某人道别。
三、结尾通用句式（总结意义 / 价值）
1.理解[身体语言名称]的不同含义有助于我们更顺畅地与他人沟通。
2.简而言之，了解[身体语言名称]背后的信息对于提高我们的沟通技巧非常有用。
【实战演练一】
肢体语言在我们日常生活中很重要，理解不同类型的肢体语言可以帮助我们更有效地沟通。请写一篇短文来介绍一种肢体语言。
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21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）/ 让教学更有效 高效备课备考 | 英语学科
Unit 2 Body language
单元小结
知识目录
学习目标：谈论肢体语言。能读懂关于体态语言这方面的文章。
语法目标：学习动词V+ing的用法。
听说目标：能听懂并谈论肢体语言（ballet-the language of dancer）对话或小短文，能用英文表达出接受或拒接建议。
写作目标：能够学会写出关于肢体语言的小短文。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点单词 背诵
要点2 重点短语 背诵
要点3 重点句式 背诵
【精讲精练】
要点1 mean/meaning的用法 练习
要点2 expression的用法 练习
要点3 impression的用法 练习
要点4 appearance的用法 练习
要点5 hold的用法 练习
要点6 remind的用法 练习
要点7 look构成的短语的用法 练习
要点8 instead of的用法 练习
要点9 try doing 和try to do的用法 练习
要点10 stop doing /stop to do/ stop….from doing的用法 练习
要点11 chance的用法 练习
要点12 behaviour的用法 练习
要点13 immediately的用法 练习
要点14 cause的用法 练习
要点15.case的用法 练习
要点16. the key to的用法 练习
要点17. suppose的用法 练习
要点18. be likely doing/ be likely to do的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 Verv+ing的用法 18
要点2 Verb-ing and verb-ed as adjectives的用法 20
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 21
要点2 单元写作通用表达 22
要点3经典范文 23
要点4实战演练 24
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
【重点单词】背诵版
（1）nouns
1.madam夫人；女士
2.impression印象
【变形】impress v.给留下深刻的好印象
impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
【搭配】make a deep impression on 给留下深刻的好印象
3.case具体情况；事例
【搭配】in many cases 在很多情况下
4.boss老板
5.ballet芭蕾舞
6.behaviour行为；举止
【变形】behave v. 行为,表现
7.expression 表情；神色
【变形】express v.表达
expressive adj.有表现力的
8.meaning意义；意思
【变形】mean v. 意思是，意思
meaningful adj. 有意义的
（2） verbs
9.shake摇动；抖动
10.clap鼓掌；拍手
11.observe注意到；观察到
【变形】observation n.观察
observer n.观察者
12.remind提醒；使想起
【搭配】remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人某事
13.nod点头
14.suppose假定；假设
【搭配】be supposed to 应该
15.hold使保持（在某位置）
【搭配】hold up 抬起，举起
（3）djectives
16.shy羞怯的；腼腆的
17.direct直接的
【变形】director n.导演；经理
direct v.指导；指挥
direction n.方向；指导
18.uncomfortable不自在的
【变形】comfortable adj.舒适的
uncomfortably adv.不自在地
comfort n.舒适；安慰
discomfort n.不适
（4）adverbs
19.immediately立即；马上；立刻
20.truly真诚地
【变形】true adj.真实的
truth n.真理；事实
【重点短语】背诵版
1. part-time jobs 兼职工作
2. instead of 代替，而不是
3. look down低头看
4. hold… up举起，抬起
5. go to sb . for help向…寻求帮助
6. sit up坐直
7. make a good impression on给某人留下好印象
8. body language体态语言
9. eye contact眼神接触
10. look into one’s eyes直视某人
11. the key to关键在于
12. be most likely doing最有可能在做
13. walk over to走到；走向
14. to begin with 首先
15. pay attention 注意
【重点句式】背诵版
1. I don’t get a chance to speak我没有机会发言
2. Her body language is making people feel welcome她的肢体语言让人感到受欢迎
3. He sat up straight and tried smiling at people. 他坐直了身子，试着对人们微笑
4. You made a good impression on her. 你给她留下了好印象
5.Eye contact means looking into another person's eyes. 眼神接触是指直视他人的眼睛。
6.But in many cases, eye contact is the key to good communication.
但在许多情况下，眼神交流是良好沟通的关键
7.These differences can cause problems. 这些差异可能会引发问题
8.In fact, the East Asian woman is most likely showing respect and being polite.
事实上，东亚女性这样做很可能是出于尊重和礼貌。
9. looking down when talking with an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite.
当与一个年纪比较大的人，像老师、父亲或母亲谈话的时候，向下看是礼貌的。
10.This gesture can have many different meanings. 这个手势可能有很多不同的含义。
11. To begin with, a nod often shows agreement. 首先，点头通常表示同意。
【精讲精练】
要点1 mean/meaning
1）meaning n. 意义；意思
Do you take my meaning 你明白我的意思了吗
2）meaningful adj. 有意义的
You want your work to be meaningful. 你想要你的工作有意义。
3）means n. 方法，手段，工具（单复同形）
4）mean是动词，有如下用法：
(1) 表示“意思是，指的是”，后接名词、动词不定式或句子。例如：
The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。
Do you mean that I am too heavy 你的意思是我太胖了？
(2)表示“打算，意欲”，后面常接不定式。例如：
He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。
(3) 表示“意味着……”，后面常接动名词作宾语。例如：
Missing the train means waiting for another one hour.
赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。
(4) What does…mean = What’s the meaning of…
= What do you mean by… 意为“……是什么意思？”
【典例分析】
完成句子
1．我昨天本来打算来看你的，但是发生了一些事情。
I _______ ________ __________ to see you yesterday, but something happened to me.
【答案】meant to come mean to do后面常接不定式表示“打算做某事”
2. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
Missing this train ________ ________ __________ another hour.
【答案】means waiting for mean doing 后面常接动名词作宾语“意味着……”，
3.这个单词什么意思？
What does the word mean
=What’s _________ _________ of the word
=What do you _______ ________ the word
【答案】the meaning =mean by
4.It is ____________ (meaning)to do voluntary work.
【解析】meaningful 有教育意义的。
要点2 expression
expression 通常用作下面三种意思。
1.表达；表述 2.表情；神情 3.短语；措辞
1.The expression of love can be in many ways.爱的表达可以有很多种方式。
2.When I told her the good news, a big smile and a surprised expression appeared on her face.我告诉她这个好消息时，她脸上露出了灿烂的笑容和惊讶的表情。
3.We should learn some common English expressions for daily communication.
我们应该学习一些日常交流的常用英语表达。
express词性 动词，意为：表示；表达（思想和感情）
对某人表达... express ...to sb.
I find it difficult to express my meaning. 我发觉难以表达我的意思。
She expressed her thanks to us.她向我们致谢。
【典例分析】
1.The artist always__________ (表达) his world view in his works.
【答案】可用语法判断法解答本题。该句中缺少谓语动词，“表达”动词原形为express,又因为本句主语为the artist,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填expresses.
2.—Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way.
—I agree. Most poets(诗人) describe this season to a feeling of sadness, but in Liu’s eyes autumn is full of life and hope.
A. excuse B. express C. expect D. explain
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意:“刘禹锡的《秋词》用一种不同的方式来描述秋天。”“我同意。大多数诗人描述这个季节时表达出一种悲伤的情感,但是在刘的眼里秋天充满了生机和希望。”excuse意为“原谅”;express意为“表达”;expect意为“期望,预料”;explain意为“解释,说明”。根据a feeling of sadness可知,应该是表达感情。故选B。
3.The girl’s voice is sweet , but she doesn’t sing with much _____ .
A. impression B. instruction C. expression D. misleading
【答案】C
【解析】A. impression印象 B. instruction 指导C. expression 表达，表情 D. misleading误导
句意：这个女孩的声音很甜美，但她唱得不怎么有表情。
要点3 impression
impression n. 印象
① give sb. a good impression=make a good impression on sb.
给某人留下一个好印象。
His kindness gave us a deep impression.= His kindness made a good impression on us.
他的热心给我留下了深刻的印象。
② impress v. 给……留下深刻的印象
impress sth. on sb 使某人意识到某事
impress sb. with ... 给某人留下……印象
He impressed her with his sincerity. 他的真诚打动了她。
【典例分析】
1. 这本书给我留下了很深的印象。
The book ______ ______ _____ __________ on me.
【答案】made a deep impression
2. The beautiful scenery left a deep i____ on all the visitors during the trip.
【答案】impression
3.The kind teacher left a deep _______ on all her students with her patience and care.
A. impression B. expression C. opinion D. idea
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这位和蔼的老师用她的耐心和关怀给所有学生留下了深刻的_______。A. impression 意为 “印象”，leave a deep impression on sb. 是固定搭配，意为 “给某人留下深刻印象”；B. expression 意为 “表达；表情”；C. opinion 意为 “观点”；D. idea 意为 “想法”。根据句意，选 A。
要点 4：appearance
appearance n. 外貌；外表
Why do we care so much about appearance 为什么我们如此在意外表呢？
(1)appear v. 出现；似乎；显得
A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway. 一个女人突然出现在门口。
The old man appears to be in good health. 这位老人显得十分健康。
(2)disappear v. 消失
She disappeared down the corridor. 她消失在走廊尽头。
【典例分析】
1.We should not judge a person by his _____.
A. appear B. disappear C. appearance
2.He ____________ (appearance)and never came back.
3.云似乎消失了。
The cloud _____________ _____________ ____________
【解析】1. appearance n. 外貌；外表 2. disappear v. 消失 3.appeared to disappear. Appear 作似乎，好像的意思。后面可以接不定式。还可以接形容词构成系表结构。
要点5 hold
hold 是动词，意为“举行，举办，召开”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。
hold a meeting举行会议
hold a concert举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting举行运动会
【拓展】hold的其他含义：
hold 保持；维持 How long will this fine weather hold 这样的好天气能维持多久？
抓住；握住；拿住 He held the thief by the arm. 他抓住那个小偷的胳膊。
容纳；包含 Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 教室能容纳50多个学生。
支撑……的重量 The chair can’t hold your weight. 这把椅子不能承受你的重量。
短语 catch hold of抓住； hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等
【典例分析】
1. The Olympic Games _____every four years.
A. are held B. were hold C. are holding D. will hold
【答案】C
【解析】：hold是动词。从本题句意知是一般现在时的被动语态，句意是“奥林匹克运动会每四年被举行一次”故此小题选C。
2、翻译，指出下面Hold在各句的意义。
1）He was holding the baby in his arms.
【答案】他用胳膊抱着婴儿。hold 抓住；握住
2）We hold a sports meeting twice a year in our school.
【答案】我们学校每年举行两次运动会。hold
3）Hold your head up.
【答案】抬起头来。hold up 抬起。
4）I don't think the chair can hold your weight.
【答案】我想这把椅子支撑不住你的重量。Hold 支撑……的重量
5）The plane holds about 300 passengers.
【答案】这架飞机大约容纳300名乘客。Hold 容纳；包含
3. 老师叫他抬起头来。
The teacher asked him to ________ his head ________ .
【答案】hold up
4.明天将要举行一场运动会。
A sports meeting will___________ ___________ tomorrow.
【答案】be held
要点6 remind
remind
1.表示 “使想起;使记起”,常见搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.
“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that从句“使某人回忆起……”。例如:
He reminds me of his father.
The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
2.表示“提醒”,常见搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;
remind sb.+ that从句“提醒某人……”。
Please remind me to post the letter.
She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.
【典例分析】
1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.
A．remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed
【答案】B
【解析】别忘了今晚来参加我们的聚会--我不会的。玛丽刚才提醒我了。A.记住 B提醒 C，报告 D复习
根据句意，remind 提醒。符合题意。
2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.
—No problem. I'll surely you.
A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order
【答案】A
【解析】根据题干中的“请明天六点给我打电话。那个重要的会议我不能晚到”可知,答语的含义是“没问题,我会提醒你的”,故所缺的词是remind。
3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.
A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我在书架上碰巧找到一本书，这本书使我想起了一些好笑的故事。根据remind sb. of sth.可知答案为C。
4.他的父母经常提醒他努力学习。
His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.
【答案】him to study. remind sb.to do sth. “提醒某人做某事”remind 后面接不定式。
5.我提醒她必须在天黑之前回家。
I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.
【答案】she must go remind 后面接宾语从句。
6. 这些照片使我想起了我的学生时代。
The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.
【答案】of me。remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人。
要点 7
look在本句中用作不及物动词,意为“看；望”，与at连用，表示“看着……；望着……”，后面要接宾语。
【举例】
Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are! 看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!
【拓展】
(1)look用作不及物动词与其他某些介词或副词连用，常见的有：
①look after意为“照看；照料”。
He is old enough to look after himself. 他年龄足够大,能照顾自己。
②look for意为“寻找”。
I looked for you just now, but I didn’t find you. 刚才我到处找你,但没找到。
③look around意为“四下环顾;到处寻找”。
He looked around but he saw nobody. 他四下环顾,但什么人也没看到。
④look up意为“抬头看;查;找出”。
He looked up and smiled at me. 他抬起头,对我笑了笑。
If there are words you don’t understand, look them up in the dictionary. 如果你有不认识的单词可以查词典。
⑤look down on意为“看不起”。
Don’t look down on others. 不要看不起别人。
⑥look forward to意为“盼望”。
We are looking forward to seeing you again. 我们盼望再见到你。
⑦look into意为“朝……里面看”。
He looked into the box, but he saw nothing. 他朝箱子里面看了看,但什么也没看到。
⑧look through意为“浏览;仔细检查;看穿”。
I have looked it through. 我已把它仔细地看了一遍。
⑨look out意为“当心”。
Look out! Don’t hit the tree. 当心!不要撞到树。
⑩look over意为“仔细检查;翻阅”。
The doctor is looking him over. 医生正在给他仔细检查。
(2)look用作连系动词,意为“看起来”，其后可接形容词或过去分词。
You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。
You look tired. You’d better have a rest. 你看上去很累。你最好休息一下。
【典例分析】
1. Here is the book. First ________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after
【答案】B
【解析】look into观察，窥视；look through浏览，温习；look up向上看，查阅；look after照顾，关心。句意：书在这里。先浏览一遍，然后告诉我你觉得怎么样。结合语境可知选B。
2.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
3. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
【答案】D
【解析】A．look for 寻找 B．look at看 C．look up 查阅 D．look after照顾。根据句意选D。
4.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou
—Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great!
A．looking down on B．looking out for C．looking up to D．looking forward to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：还没有看，我期待看，听说这部电影很好。looking forward to 期待。
5.My grandmother enjoys newspapers after dinner every day, and she often tells me something new in the world.
A. looking up B. looking for C. looking at D. looking through
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:我的奶奶每天喜欢饭后读报,并且她经常给我讲世界上的新东西。look up“抬头看,查找”;look for“寻找”;look at“看”;look through“浏览,快速阅读”。故选D。
6. Lily didn’t come to school yesterday because she had to ______ her sick mother at home.
A. look after B. look over C. look up D. look like
【答案】A
【解析】莉莉昨天没来上学，因为她得在家照顾生病的母亲。A. look after 照顾
B. look over 仔细检查 C. look up查阅 D. look like看起来像。
要点8 instead of的用法
1.instead of是短语介词 ,意为“代替;而不是”,其后可以接名词、代词或动名词等。例如:
We will play football instead of swimming.我们要去踢足球,而不是游泳。
2.instead作副词,意为“代替;反而;却”,常用于句尾或句首。若位于句首,常用逗号与后面内容隔开。
例如:
She didn’t study. Instead, she played table tennis the whole day.她没有学习。相反,她打了一天乒乓球。
Tom didn’t go to see a film. Instead, he read at home.
【典例分析】
1.根据句意, 选用instead或instead of填空。
1) Mary is going to Shanghai __________Guangzhou.
2) Jack didn’t do his homework. ________, he went to see a film.
3) Ann said nothing. She began to cry ________.
4) I have to do my homework __________ going out.
【答案】1.instead of 2.instead 3.instead 4.instead of
2.昨晚他待在家里，而没有去看电影
He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.
【答案】instead of going
3.她没有玩电脑游戏，而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
【答案】instead
4.He didn't answer my question. Instead，he asked me a question.(同义改写)
＝He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.
【答案】instead of asking
5. What a nice day！We should go sightseeing ________ watching TV in the hotel.
A．because of B．instead of C．together with D．instead
【答案】句意：多好的一天！我们应该去观光而不是在旅馆看电视。instead of作为介词短语，意为“而不是”，其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。
6．Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks________.
A．instead B．either C．too D．instead of
【答案】A instead
要点9 try doing 和try to do
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth. 试图做某事
try one’s best to do sth. 努力做某事。=try to sth.
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
【答案】C
【解析】句意“他尽量把音乐学好，所以他每天都练习唱歌”。try to do尽力做，try doing sth尝试做某事。根据so he practices ______ music every day可知，他要尽力把音乐学好，排除B和D。再根据practise doing“练习做某事”可知，故选C。
4.你应该尽力多开口说话。
You must _______ ________ ____, I think your Chinese
【答案】try to speak
5.他坐直了身体，并尝试对人微笑。
He _______ _______ and tried _____ ________people
【答案】sat up smiling at
6.本学期我会尽力学好物理。
I’ll ________ __________ _________ ________ learn physics well this term.
= I’ll ___________ ___________learn physics well this term.
【答案】try my best to/ try to
要点10 stop doing /stop to do/ stop….from doing
(1)stop的后面可以用动词不定式也可以用动名词作宾语。
stop doing表示“停止正在做的事情”；
stop to do表示“停下来开始做”的意思。例如：
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
（2）stop还可以构成短语
stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。例如：
The trees and grasses can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
树和草可以阻止风把土吹走。
【典例分析】
1.那场大雪使他未能来我们的聚会。
The heavy snow _____________ __________ __________ __________ to our party.
【答案】stopped him from going
2.The heavy rain stopped them _______ home on time.
A. return B. returning C. returned D. to return
【答案】本题考查固定短语的用法。stop sb. (from) doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”，故选B。
3. You look tired, you must________.
A. stops to work B. stopped working C. stop to work D. stop working
【答案】D你看起来很累，所以你必须停止工作。故答案选D。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”
4. In the end, we felt tired, so we stopped ______ a rest.
A. having B. to have C. had D. have
【答案】B 最后，我们感到累，我们停下来休息。故答案选B。stop to do 表示“停下来开始做某事”
5.请停止说话，咱们开始上课。
Please _________ _____________. Let’s start the lesson.
【答案】stop speaking。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”
6大雨使我们踢不了球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
【答案】stopped from playing。stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事。
7.我们必须阻止人们砍伐树林。
We must ___________people _____________ ____________ down trees.
【答案】stop from cutting。表示阻止。。。做某事。
要点11 chance
（1） chance表示“机会”，是可数名词，要表示“做某事的机会”，其后可接 to do sth. 或 of doing sth.。例如：
It is a good chance to study English. 这是学习英语的好机会。
I have a chance of going to Beijing. 我有机会去北京。
（2）表示“希望”、“可能性”，可用作可数名词或不可数名词。要表示“做某事的可能性”，通常后接“of doing” 形式。例如：
He has a good chance of winning. 他很有希望获胜。
There is still chance that you will pass the exam. 你考试及格还是有希望的。
（3）用于 by chance, 意为“偶然地”、“无意中”。例如：
He met her by chance. 他是偶然遇到她的
【典例分析】
1.The people who are more confident have more_________ to make themselves successful.
A．education B．chances C．pride D．excuses
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。句意: 那些拥有更多自信的人有更多的机会使自己成功。education教育, chance机会, pride自豪, excuse借口、理由。故选B。
要点12 behavior
（1）behavior作名词，意为“行为，举止；态度”。例如：
He was on his best behavior.
他表现极好。
（2）behavior作名词，意为“（机器等的）运转状态，性能”。例如：
The aircraft’s behavior was satisfactory on its first test flight.
那架飞机在第一次试飞时运转情况令人满意。
【拓展】
behave
（1）作动词，意为“表现，行为举止”。例如：
The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.
那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。
She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.
她像朋友一样（待我）, 而不像是我的母亲.
It’s hard to train children to behave well at the table.
培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。
（2）作动词，意为“（机器等）开动，运转”。例如：
How is the new machine behaving
新机器运行地怎么样
【典例分析】
1.Students must learn to ______ well in class.
A. behave B. act C. do D. hear
【答案】A
【解析】句意：学生们必须学会在课堂上举止得体。
2. The _____ is the way a person, an animal, a plant, et， behaves in a particular situation.
A. behaviour B. appearance C. amount D. file
【答案】A
【解析】句意：行为是指人、动物、植物等在特定情况下的表现方式。答案选A
3. In my opinion, parents should teach their children to _______ properly in public places. For example, they should be quiet in the library.
A. behave B. disappear C. sense D. develop
【答案】A
【解析】本小题考查动词词义辨析。behave意为“举止”；disappear意为“消失”；sense意为“感觉到；意识到”；develop意为“发展”。根据题干第二句“例如，在图书馆他们应该保持安静”可知，父母应该教育孩子在公共场合要“举止”得体，故选A。
要点13 immediately
immediately：adv. 立即；马上；即刻
He called a meeting immediately after hearing the bad news. 听到这个坏消息后，他立即召开了一个会议。
Mary answered the phone immediately. 玛丽立即接了电话。
【拓展】immediately相当于at once、right away、in no time。
【典例分析】
1．—Get up__________ , or you won’t catch the early bus.
— OK . I will .
A．suddenly B．lightly C．carefully D．immediately
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——立刻起床，不然你就赶不上早班车了。——好的。我会的。
考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；lightly轻轻地；carefully仔细地；immediately立即。根据“or you won’t catch the early bus”可知，再不起床就要错过车了，空处表达的是“立刻、立即”的意思，故选D。
2．—He often replies to his daughter’s message after he receives it.
—There’s nothing strange about that. She is the person he cares most about.
A．immediately B．slowly C．quietly D．suddenly
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——他收到女儿的信息之后往往会立刻回复。——对于那个没什么可奇怪的。她是他最关心的人。考查副词的辨析。immediately“立即”；slowly“慢慢地”；quietly“安静地”；suddenly“突然地”。根据“She is the person he cares most about.”可知，女儿是他最关心的人，推测他收到女儿的信息应该会立即回复。故选A。
要点14 cause
cause ① n.起因
These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。
I don't think you have cause to worry. 我认为你没有担心的理由。
② vt. 造成；导致……发生
The child's headache may be caused by stress. 那孩子的头痛可能是紧张引起的。
The earthquake caused great damage. 地震造成很大损害。
【辨析】cause reason excuse
1）cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事件有因果关系。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.
事故的起因是他开的太快了
2）reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
I have many reasons to fear him. 我怕他是有很多理由的。
3）excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。
Don't make up any excuse for your mistakes. 不要为你的过错编造任何借口。
【典例分析】
5．When populations increase too fast, it can ________ problems.
A．prepare B．mention C．accept D．cause
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当人口增长过快时，就会引发问题。
考查动词辨析。prepare准备；mention提到；accept接受；cause引起。根据“When populations increase too fast, it can ... problems.”可知，人口增长过快会引发问题。故选D。
2．—Sandy never cooks at home! How can a girl be so lazy
—I don’t think you have ________ to worry, Mom! That’s just a new lifestyle!
A．cause B．opinion C．excuse D．result
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——桑迪从不在家做饭！一个女孩怎么能这么懒？——我认为你没有理由担心，妈妈！这只是一种新的生活方式！
考查名词辨析。cause理由；opinion意见；excuse借口；result结果。根据“I don’t think you have...to worry, Mom! That’s just a new lifestyle!”可知，没理由担心，故选A。
要点15 case
case 意为 “情况；情形；案例”
Is it the case that you have lost all your money 你的钱全丢了，是真的吗？
此外，case还有“箱子；盒子”的意思
John bought a case of beer. 约翰买了一箱啤酒。
1. in many cases 在很多情况下
In many cases, eye contact helps people communicate better.
在很多情况下，眼神交流能帮助人们更好地沟通.
2. in this case 在这种情况下
The door is locked. In this case, we need to call the teacher.
门锁了。在这种情况下，我们需要给老师打电话。
3. in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话
— The test is very difficult. — In that case, we should study harder tonight.
—这次考试很难。 —既然那样，我们今晚应该更努力学习。
in case以防;以防万一 in case of 如果;假使
【典例分析】
1.你不喜欢这份工作？既然这样，你为什么不辞职呢？
You don’t like the job _______ _______ _______ why don’t you quit
【答案】In that case
2.—Mike can't go to the party with us because he has to stay at home and look after his mother.
— , we won't wait for him any more.
A. After all B. In that case C. For example D. Above all
【答案】B
【解析】根据本题语境可知,既然那样,我们就不再等他了,故答案为B。
3.When dealing with this kind of difficult problem, we need to consider every possible _____ carefully before making a decision.
A. case B. idea C. reason D. example
【答案】A
【解析】句意：处理这类难题时，我们需要在做决定前仔细考虑每一种可能的情况。
考查名词辨析。case 情况、案例；idea 想法；reason 原因；example 例子。根据 “every possible” 和语境可知，此处指要考虑到各种潜在情况，故选 A。
要点16 the key to
the key to 在本句意为“……的关键；……的秘诀”，后面接名词或动名词，介词to 不能用of替换。
The key to success is to keep doing it.
成功的关键是坚持做下去。
The key to solving this problem is to find out Tom.
解决这个问题的关键是要找到汤姆。
the key to 还有“……的答案；……的钥匙”等意思。
These are the keys to the grammar exercises.
这些是语法练习题的答案。
要点17 suppose
作动词 (v.)，意为 “假设；假定；认为”
1. suppose + that 从句 假设……；认为……
I suppose (that) he will come to the party. 我认为他会来参加派对。
Let's suppose (that) the news is true. What should we do then
让我们假设这个消息是真的。那我们该怎么办？
2. suppose + sb. + to do sth. 认为某人会做某事
People suppose him to be a good student. 大家认为他是个好学生。
例句：I suppose her to finish the work today.
3. 用于祈使句：Suppose / Supposing (that)... 假如……
Suppose you have a lot of money. What will you buy first
假如你有很多钱，你会先买什么？
4. 口语常用短句：I suppose so. 我认为是这样的。
— Will the math class be canceled tomorrow
— I suppose so. The teacher told us yesterday.
明天的数学课会取消吗？ 我想是的。老师昨天跟我们说了。
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事；被期望做某事
We are supposed to arrive at school before 7:30 a.m.
我们应该早上 7 点半之前到校。
【典例分析】
1.—Mr. Smith is in Shanghai now. I ________ he will come to your party.
—That'll be great!
A. plan B. suppose C. regret D. decide
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。plan意为“计划；打算”，suppose意为“猜想；推测”，regret意为“懊悔；遗憾”，decide意为“决定”，结合语境可知应选B。
3.You are ________ to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
A. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当你第一次遇见别人时你应该握手。A项为“建议”；B项为“支持”；C项为“教”；D项为“认为、假定”。本题考查固定短语be supposed to do sth，意为“应该做某事”，相当于should do sth。根据语境及短语要求，故选D。
4.我猜想我们下周将去那儿.
I suppose _______ ________ ________ _________next week.
【答案】they will go there
5.我认为她已经动身回家了.
I _________ _________ ________ have already left for home.
【答案】suppose her to
6.我们所有的人都认为他很聪明.
We all________ _________ ________
【答案】suppose him clever
7.你应该在9点钟到达这里.
You _______ _______ ________be here at nine.
【答案】are supposed to
要点18 be likely doing/ be likely to do
1. be likely doing“当前可能在发生的动作”。
He is likely playing basketball on the playground now.
他现在可能正在操场上打篮球。
They are likely watching TV at home because it’s raining outside.
外面在下雨，他们可能正在家里看电视。
2. be likely to do sth.（很可能做某事）
She is very likely to win the English competition.
她很有可能赢得这次英语竞赛。
It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.
今天下午可能会下雨，所以带把伞吧。
【典例分析】
1.这些志愿者们很可能正在社区里帮助老人打扫房间。
These volunteers ____ ____ ____ ______the elderly clean their rooms in the community.
【答案】are most likely helping
知识要点二、语法
一、基础知识夯实
A、动名词的构成。
1. 一般词尾+ing。 work-working
2. 以e结尾的去e+-ing: make-making
3. 以重读闭音节结尾的双写最后一个辅音字 母,再+-ing: put-putting
4. 特例: lie-lying die-dying
写出下面动词的Ving 形式
1.begin____________ 2.communicate____________ 3.dance____________ 4.hold____________ 5.sigh____________ 6.die ____________ 7.put ____________ 8.prefer____________ 9.shop____________ 10.stop ____________ 11.see____________ 12.wake____________ 13.play____________ 14.teach____________ 15.swim____________ 16.form____________ 17.take ____________ 18.pay ____________ 19.offer____________ 20.organize___________
21.hurt____________ 22. ask____________ 23.raise____________ 24.mean____________
动名词的用法
1. 动名词是以-ing结尾的名词。这些名词描述动作和活动。
2. 动名词可作主语、宾语以及表语等句子成分。
3. 我们通常通过在动词后加-ing来构成动名词。
4. 动名词通常都是不可数的，不能在前面加a或an。
5. 动名词可以有自己的宾语。
6.动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
7.两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。
B、动名词的语法功能。
（1）作主语
1.眼见为实。
____________ is believing
2. 爬山是一项有益的运动
__________ hills____________ a helpful event.
3.我认为上学已改变了我的生活。
I think _________ _________ school _________ already changed my life.
4. 交多点朋友对你有好处。
______ _______ _______ is good for you.
【答案】1.Seeing 2.Climbing is 3.going to has 4.Making more friends
（2）作表语。
1.她的工作是教英语。
Her Job is___________ ____________.
（3）作宾语。习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practise
(包括介词宾语，动词在介词后面要用Ving形式，常用介词 of, in, at, about, for, without等)
1.我姐姐喜欢打网球。
My sister enjoys__________ __________.
2.你介意开窗吗？
Do you mind ____________ the window
3.你对下象棋感兴趣吗？
Are you interested in ___________ ________
4.我盼望去参观长城。
I’m looking forward to __________the Great Wall.
5.他善于画画。
He is good at ___________ ___________.
6.他呆在家里，而没有看足球赛。
He stayed at home__________ __________ ____________ football match.
【答案】1.playing tennis 2.opening 3.playing chess 4.visiting 5.drawing 6.instead of watching
(4)作定语
1.这是我们的阅览室。
This is our ____________room.
【答案】reading
C 用于某些惯用法中。
be busy doing sth
be worth doing sth
It’s no use / good doing sth
1.妈妈在厨房忙着做饭。
Mother _________ ________ _________dinner in the kitchen.
2.这本书值得一读。
The book __________ __________ __________.
【答案】1.is busy cooking 2.is worth reading
D.动词接不定式和动名词意义大不相同
stop to do something 停止手中事，去做另一件事
stop doing something 停止正在做的事
remember / forget / regret to do something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生）
remember / forget / regret doing something 记得 / 忘记 / 遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生）
try to do something 设法，努力去做，尽力
try doing something 试试去做，看有何结果
mean to do something 打算做，企图做
mean doing something 意思是，意味着
see (hear, watch)sb do sth. 看见（听见）某人做过某事。（全过程）
see (hear ,watch)sb. doing sth 看见（听见）某人正在做某事（部分）
1.My father wasn’t happy, because I forgot ________(do) my homework.
2. I remember ________ (tell) you about him that day.
3. I often see them _______（talk）with some foreigners .
4.When he got there, he saw them_________(play) football.
5.You look tired, you must stop ________ (work).
6.You look tired, you must stop ________ (rest).
7.你应该尽力多开口说话。
You must _______ ________ ____, I think your Chinese
8.他坐直了身体，并尝试对人微笑。
He _______ _______ and tried _______ ________people
【答案】1.to do 2.telling 3.talk 4.playing 5.working 6.to rest 7.try to speak 8.sat up smiling at
语法二 Verb-ing and verb-ed as adjectives
Verb-ing and verb-ed结尾形容词的区别
V-ed 结尾的形容词通常用来描述人的感受、情绪或状态，表达 “（人）感到…… 的”。主语一般是人。
V-ing 结尾的形容词通常用来描述人或事物本身的性质、特征，表达 “令人…… 的”。
The movie is exciting, and we are all excited about it.
这部电影令人兴奋，我们所有人都对它感到很激动。
The story is surprising, and my sister feels very surprised after hearing it.
这个故事令人惊讶，我妹妹听完后感到十分吃惊。
常见的Verb-ing and verb-ed结尾形容词
1 interested（感兴趣的）& interesting（有趣的）
2 excited（兴奋的）& exciting（令人兴奋的）
3 surprised（惊讶的）& surprising（令人惊讶的）
4 bored（无聊的）& boring（令人无聊的）
5 tired（疲倦的）& tiring（令人疲倦的）
6 pleased（高兴的）& pleasing（令人高兴的）
7 frightened（害怕的）& frightening（令人害怕的）
8 relaxed（放松的）& relaxing（令人放松的）
9 worried（担心的）& worrying（令人担心的）
10 confused（困惑的）& confusing（令人困惑的）
11 satisfied（满意的）& satisfying（令人满意的）
12 amazed（惊讶的）& amazing（令人惊讶的）
13 disappointed（失望的）& disappointing（令人失望的）
14 touched（感动的）& touching（令人感动的）
15 embarrassed（尴尬的）& embarrassing（令人尴尬的）
【典例分析】
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
【解析】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
【解析】exciting “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
3. The children are very _______ to play games. (excite)
【解析】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
4. The running race is so ________. (excite)
【解析】exciting “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
5. I think the film is _______ . (bore)
【解析】boring “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
6. Several students are ______ at study. (bore)
【解析】bored “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
知识要点三、书面表达
【话题分析】
本单元就体态语言展开讨论，学习和运用本单元的语言点。学习和运用本单元的语言点。1. 我喜欢使用肢体语言; 2. 使用肢体语言能够很好地表达自己, 让别人更容易理解我们; 3. 肢体语言很有趣，它能让谈话变得更轻松; 4. 使用正确的肢体语言能给别人留下好印象。并能够介绍各国身体语言的各自特点。
完成对具体身体语言的介绍和输出。介绍身体语言文章的整体注意事项。
一、开头：定义 + 总起，引出下文。
用简单句描述动作本身，让读者明确所讲的身体语言是什么。
二、中间：分点论述，讲清不同含义
采用 “主要含义 + 举例说明 + 补充含义” 的逻辑展开，层次分明.
三、结尾：总结意义，升华主题
强调理解这种身体语言的价值，回扣 “沟通” 这一核心目的，简洁收尾。
写作时特别提示：
主题要明确，逻辑要连贯，具象阐释。文章的内容要做到“定义引入—含义分述—价值总结”的脉络清晰，各环节紧密衔接。通过具体实例、通俗解释等方式，让抽象的“身体语言含义”变得具象可感，帮助读者更好地理解和感知。同时，合理使用过渡词、过渡句，让不同部分的衔接更自然。
Basic structure of how to introduce a body language
【通用句型】
一、开头通用句式
① When you [身体语言动作], you [具体动作描述].
当你做挥手的手势时，你的手会前后移动。
When you do the gesture of waving your hand, you move your hand back and forth.
②这个手势可能有很多不同的含义。
This gesture can have many different meanings.
③......在日常交流中，这是一个常见的姿势，但它的含义却各不相同。
[Body language name] is a common gesture that means different things in daily communication.
二、中间通用句式
1.To begin with, [body language name] usually expresses [meaning 1]. For example….
首先，竖起大拇指通常表示赞同。例如，当老师问学生是否理解了课程内容时，如果学生竖起大拇指，就意味着他们已经掌握了这些知识
To begin with, thumb-up usually expresses agreement. For example, when a teacher asks if students understand the lesson, if students give a thumb-up, it means they have mastered the knowledge.
2.One of the most common meanings of [body language name] is [meaning 1].
握手最常见的含义之一是表示友谊
One of the most common meanings of shaking hands is friendship
3.然而，挥手并不总是表示问候。有时候，它仅仅表示你正在向某人道别。
However, waving hands does not always mean greeting. Sometimes, it simply shows that you are saying goodbye to someone.
三、结尾通用句式（总结意义 / 价值）
1.理解[身体语言名称]的不同含义有助于我们更顺畅地与他人沟通。
Understanding the different meanings of [body language name] can help us communicate with others more smoothly.
2.简而言之，了解[身体语言名称]背后的信息对于提高我们的沟通技巧非常有用。
In short, learning about the messages behind [body language name] is very useful for improving our communication skills.
【实战演练一】
肢体语言在我们日常生活中很重要，理解不同类型的肢体语言可以帮助我们更有效地沟通。请写一篇短文来介绍一种肢体语言。
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Shaking your head is a simple gesture—you just move your head from side to side. But it can say different things without words.
Most of the time, shaking your head means "no" or disagreement. Last week, my mom asked if I wanted to eat carrots for dinner. I shook my head right away, and she knew I didn’t like them. This meaning is easy to understand, and people use it everywhere.
But sometimes, shaking your head isn’t about saying "no". When my grandpa heard a funny story, he smiled and shook his head gently. It meant he thought the story was silly but interesting. My friend also shakes her head when she’s tired after finishing a long run, she shakes her head and says, "I’m so exhausted."
Shaking your head is a small gesture, but it tells us a lot about how someone feels. It’s a useful way to talk without opening our mouths!
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