高考完形填空通关术：宏观主旨 + 微观技法双突破
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| 名称 | 高考完形填空通关术：宏观主旨 + 微观技法双突破 |
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| 文件大小 | 612.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-12 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
宏观&微观技法 有效突破高考英语完形填空
Ⅰ完形填空的宏观技法
举例：2025新高考Ⅰ卷
宏观技法解析：
Step1 理清故事线 抓全文主旨
第一段：I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase（我看到一只许久未用的花瓶）→第二段第一句：My husband and I had just sold our house（我们已卖房，要搬家了）→第三段第一句：I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10.（我打算在网上售卖花瓶）→第三段第三句：I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.（我决定免费赠送）→第四段第一句：I posted more.（我在网上赠送更多东西）→第四段第二句：a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.（赠送行为成为我生活中的阳光）
全文主旨：作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
Step2 利用全文主旨破解相关题目
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.
A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
答案：C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者正要搬家，C. emptying out 清空，表示忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。符合题意。
That left a house still 44 with things that,
A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
答案：C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者的房子里填满了东西，为下文赠送埋伏笔，C项stuffed 塞满的，表示房子里仍塞满物品，符合题意。
As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
答案：A. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者搬家的日子快到了，A项move 搬家符合题意。
49 , I posted more.
A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
答案：D. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者在赠送了第一次东西之后，有着良好的体验，又继续接着送东西。D项Encouraged 受鼓励的，联系作者后面继续发贴的行为，表示她受到了鼓励。
Ⅱ完形填空的微观技法
举例：2 0 2 4新课标Ⅱ卷
But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44 my language skills.
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
答案：D. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，空格前and连接的是smiled at，表示当地人跟“我”沟通时是微笑着的，态度友好，可推知，此处表示表扬“我”的语言技巧，故选D。
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
答案：A. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，空格前半句表示邻居们给我带来了新鲜制作的芝士，说明对“我”态度友好，可推知，此处表示邻居们来“我”家提醒关车的窗户，故选A。
Families 51 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with.
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
答案：A. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，这里的微观语境表示家人们在周日，生日会聚集在一起吃大餐，故选A gather 聚集符合题意。
…These meals are always 53 by laughter and joy.…..
53.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied
答案：D. 此处考查动词搭配：be accompanied by表示“伴随着……”,且与laughter and joy搭配符合这里的微观语境，故选D。
举例
（2024全国甲卷）
While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside,I was left alone in the 41 to help my grandmother wash dishes.…
41.A.sitting room B.kitchen C.yard D.dining hall
答案：B. 此处考查名词与前面限定词the搭配。名词搭配：kitchen呼应空格后的wash dishes,且符合语境，故选B。
.….There,they would walk through deep water,sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them....
52.A.secret B.breath C.view D.tongue
答案：B. 此处考查名词与前面动词的搭配，hold one's breath是固定搭配，表示“屏住呼吸”,且符合这里的微观语境：在那里，他们会走过深水处，盘腿坐在水下,同时看着周围发生的一切活动。故选B。
（2024新课标|卷）.….The 50 :The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time....
50.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice
答案A. 此处考查逻辑关系。冒号表明后文是对所缺名词的解释。后文提到“那里的道路穿过大片山谷，我每次都要骑上几英里的上坡路”。名词搭配：远距离骑车上坡是一个问题（problem）,故选A。
（2022全国乙卷）We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.
Each 47 sat down with an adult.…
47.A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor
答案：B.此处考查逻辑关系。Each+n.表明前面可能有名词复数与所缺名词一致。设空句提到“每个和一个成年人坐在一起”。名词搭配：child呼应上句的children,且符合语境，故选B。
举例：
（2025浙江卷）The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no surprise.
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
答案：B. 此处考查形容词在具体句子里面细节受到限定时的选择，空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。
（2024新课标Ⅱ卷）After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 46 Italians are.
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
答案：C. 此处考查形容词在全文语境中的选择，空白处表示当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情（warm-hearted）。
（2024浙江卷）Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
答案：D.此处考查形容词在全文语境中的选择，全文主旨是讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。此处表示这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
短语题
解答短语题，先理解各短语含义以便筛选，再准确理解语境，选合适短语搭配，使篇章一致连贯。
（2022全国甲卷）.…He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.50 ，I began to fall for him.
50.A.By the way B.In that case C.By all means D.In that moment
答案：D. 篇章语境：上句提到“他把瓶中的水倒在手里，喂我的狗”。下文提到“我开始爱上了他”。短搭配：因为他的爱心举动，“我”在那一刻（In that moment）爱上了他，符合语境，故选D。
Ⅲ例题：2025新高考Ⅱ卷
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 or many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
Step1 理清故事线 抓全文主旨
She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues（她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争）→Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out （Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体）→The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content（这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容）→Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way（Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误）
全文主旨：一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
Step2 利用全文主旨破解相关题目
41.C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C exercise（锻炼）。
45.D. 根据全文主旨，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D healthy (健康的)。
46.C. 根据全文主旨，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
47.B. 根据全文主旨，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B fitness (健身)。
Step3 利用微观技法破解相关题目
D. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历， 且结合后文的微观语境，She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues（她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争），可推知，D. wake-up唤醒符合题意。构成搭配：a wake-up call(一个警醒电话)。
B. 考查副词在微观语境中的限定时的选择。此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B. ultimately最终。
A. 考查名词的搭配。 此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A. change(改变)。构成搭配：make a change （做出改变）。
A. 考查动词的搭配。此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉，A. grow形成，产生符合题意。构成搭配：grow muscles (练出肌肉)。
C. 考查名词和限定词的搭配。此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。others can’t look this good是定语从句修饰reason。故选C。
D. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
A. 考查动词的搭配。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。构成搭配：Help others. (帮助他人)。
B. 考查动词的语意逻辑。结合语境 ，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容。由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
A. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A goal（目标）。
D. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D doubters（持怀疑态度的人）。
C. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C inspiration（灵感）。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
宏观&微观技法 有效突破高考英语完形填空
Ⅰ完形填空的宏观技法
举例：2025新高考Ⅰ卷
宏观技法解析：
Step1 理清故事线 抓全文主旨
第一段：I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase（我看到一只许久未用的花瓶）→第二段第一句：My husband and I had just sold our house（我们已卖房，要搬家了）→第三段第一句：I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10.（我打算在网上售卖花瓶）→第三段第三句：I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.（我决定免费赠送）→第四段第一句：I posted more.（我在网上赠送更多东西）→第四段第二句：a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house.（赠送行为成为我生活中的阳光）
全文主旨：作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
Step2 利用全文主旨破解相关题目
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.
A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
答案：C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者正要搬家，C. emptying out 清空，表示忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。符合题意。
That left a house still 44 with things that,
A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
答案：C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者的房子里填满了东西，为下文赠送埋伏笔，C项stuffed 塞满的，表示房子里仍塞满物品，符合题意。
As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
答案：A. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者搬家的日子快到了，A项move 搬家符合题意。
49 , I posted more.
A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
答案：D. 根据全文主旨，此处表示作者在赠送了第一次东西之后，有着良好的体验，又继续接着送东西。D项Encouraged 受鼓励的，联系作者后面继续发贴的行为，表示她受到了鼓励。
Ⅱ完形填空的微观技法
举例：2 0 2 4新课标Ⅱ卷
But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44 my language skills.
44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
答案：D. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，空格前and连接的是smiled at，表示当地人跟“我”沟通时是微笑着的，态度友好，可推知，此处表示表扬“我”的语言技巧，故选D。
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.
47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
答案：A. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，空格前半句表示邻居们给我带来了新鲜制作的芝士，说明对“我”态度友好，可推知，此处表示邻居们来“我”家提醒关车的窗户，故选A。
Families 51 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with.
51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
答案：A. 此处考查动词语意逻辑，这里的微观语境表示家人们在周日，生日会聚集在一起吃大餐，故选A gather 聚集符合题意。
…These meals are always 53 by laughter and joy.…..
53.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied
答案：D. 此处考查动词搭配：be accompanied by表示“伴随着……”,且与laughter and joy搭配符合这里的微观语境，故选D。
举例
（2024全国甲卷）
While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside,I was left alone in the 41 to help my grandmother wash dishes.…
41.A.sitting room B.kitchen C.yard D.dining hall
答案：B. 此处考查名词与前面限定词the搭配。名词搭配：kitchen呼应空格后的wash dishes,且符合语境，故选B。
.….There,they would walk through deep water,sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them....
52.A.secret B.breath C.view D.tongue
答案：B. 此处考查名词与前面动词的搭配，hold one's breath是固定搭配，表示“屏住呼吸”,且符合这里的微观语境：在那里，他们会走过深水处，盘腿坐在水下,同时看着周围发生的一切活动。故选B。
（2024新课标|卷）.….The 50 :The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time....
50.A.problem B.secret C.principle D.advice
答案A. 此处考查逻辑关系。冒号表明后文是对所缺名词的解释。后文提到“那里的道路穿过大片山谷，我每次都要骑上几英里的上坡路”。名词搭配：远距离骑车上坡是一个问题（problem）,故选A。
（2022全国乙卷）We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.
Each 47 sat down with an adult.…
47.A.parent B.child C.researcher D.doctor
答案：B.此处考查逻辑关系。Each+n.表明前面可能有名词复数与所缺名词一致。设空句提到“每个和一个成年人坐在一起”。名词搭配：child呼应上句的children,且符合语境，故选B。
举例：
（2025浙江卷）The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no surprise.
51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional
答案：B. 此处考查形容词在具体句子里面细节受到限定时的选择，空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。
（2024新课标Ⅱ卷）After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 46 Italians are.
46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
答案：C. 此处考查形容词在全文语境中的选择，空白处表示当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情（warm-hearted）。
（2024浙江卷）Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.
47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
答案：D.此处考查形容词在全文语境中的选择，全文主旨是讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。此处表示这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
短语题
解答短语题，先理解各短语含义以便筛选，再准确理解语境，选合适短语搭配，使篇章一致连贯。
（2022全国甲卷）.…He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.50 ，I began to fall for him.
50.A.By the way B.In that case C.By all means D.In that moment
答案：D. 篇章语境：上句提到“他把瓶中的水倒在手里，喂我的狗”。下文提到“我开始爱上了他”。短搭配：因为他的爱心举动，“我”在那一刻（In that moment）爱上了他，符合语境，故选D。
Ⅲ例题：2025新高考Ⅱ卷
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 or many social media users.
41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover
42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up
43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal
45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy
46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure
47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference
50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone
51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive
52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated
53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option
Step1 理清故事线 抓全文主旨
She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues（她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争）→Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out （Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体）→The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content（这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容）→Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way（Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误）
全文主旨：一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。
Step2 利用全文主旨破解相关题目
41.C. 根据全文主旨，此处表示老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C exercise（锻炼）。
45.D. 根据全文主旨，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D healthy (健康的)。
46.C. 根据全文主旨，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。
47.B. 根据全文主旨，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B fitness (健身)。
Step3 利用微观技法破解相关题目
D. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历， 且结合后文的微观语境，She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues（她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争），可推知，D. wake-up唤醒符合题意。构成搭配：a wake-up call(一个警醒电话)。
B. 考查副词在微观语境中的限定时的选择。此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B. ultimately最终。
A. 考查名词的搭配。 此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A. change(改变)。构成搭配：make a change （做出改变）。
A. 考查动词的搭配。此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉，A. grow形成，产生符合题意。构成搭配：grow muscles (练出肌肉)。
C. 考查名词和限定词的搭配。此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。others can’t look this good是定语从句修饰reason。故选C。
D. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
A. 考查动词的搭配。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。构成搭配：Help others. (帮助他人)。
B. 考查动词的语意逻辑。结合语境 ，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容。由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
A. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A goal（目标）。
D. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D doubters（持怀疑态度的人）。
C. 考查名词与限定词的搭配。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C inspiration（灵感）。
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