近7年高考英语语法填空考点全汇编(上)

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近7年高考英语语法填空考点全汇编（上）
动词
Ⅰ考点一：动词时态
1.(2024浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions(份).
答案：have started
解析：根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。
2.(2024浙江1月卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ________(offer) in smaller packs.
答案：be offered
解析：动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
3.(2023新课标II卷)As a little girl, I ________(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
答案：wished
解析：分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
4.(2022浙江卷)When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ________(notice) her smile right away. “I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
答案：noticed
解析：根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
5.(2022浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics-many of them climate scientists ________(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
答案：have promised
解析：根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。
6.(2022新课标II卷)Henry ________(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
答案：was fixing
解析：根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，这是“was/were doing…when…”句型，fix过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
7.(2021浙江卷)After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ________(sell) most of their furniture.
答案：sold
解析：分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
8.(2020新课标)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________(form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
答案：formed
解析：此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
Ⅱ考点二：动词语态
1.(2025新课标I卷) “The players’ personalities (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
答案：are revealed
解析：分析句子成分可知，此处引号中的句子是一个由and连接的并列句，设空处为第一个分句的谓语，根据第二个分句的时态可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；“personalities”与reveal之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，又因主语“personalities”是复数形式，故填are revealed。
2.(2024新课标II卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
答案：was built
解析：这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。
3.(2022新课标I卷)The GPNP ________(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations”.
答案：is designed
解析：设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
4.(2022浙江卷)To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ________(appreciate) by someone who’s blind
答案：be appreciated
解析：主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。
5.(2021浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ________(consider) healthy.
答案：is considered
解析：根据句子结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。
6.(2021浙江卷)Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ________(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh.” Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
答案：was painted
解析：分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
7.(2020新课标)The parts of a museum open to the public ________(call) galleries or rooms.
答案：are called
解析：此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
Ⅲ考点三：主谓一致
1.(2025新课标I卷)A decent winner always (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
答案：tries
解析：分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子谓语，根据语境可知，此处是在描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；又因主语“A decent winner”为第三人称单数，故填tries。
2.(2025新课标II卷)The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes____ (be) one of them.
答案：is
解析：分析句子结构可知，主语“The ‘sunshine scent (香味)’ of freshly sunned clothes”是单数形式，空处作句子的谓语；且这里描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。
3.(2024新课标I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
答案：walks
解析：walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
4.(2024新课标II卷)“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ________(be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (牡丹亭) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.”
答案：were
解析：这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。
5.(2022新课标I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案：were
解析：设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据previously“之前地”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
6.(2021新课标II卷)I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ________(be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
答案：was
解析：根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
7.(2021新课标I卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ________(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
答案：was
解析：主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
非谓语动词
Ⅰ考点一：动词不定式
1. （2026 1月浙江首考）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) ________ (finish) heating, but my mum did it.
答案：to finish
解析：固定结构“wait for sb./sth. to do sth.”意为“等待某人/某物做某事”。此处“a microwave”是“finish”的逻辑主语，构成“wait for the microwave to finish”结构。故填to finish。
2. (2025新课标I卷)Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
答案：to discover
解析：the chance to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的机会”。此处为动词不定式短语作后置定语修饰“chance”。故填to discover。
3.(2025新课标II卷) We hope (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
答案：to present
解析：hope to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”，故填to present。
4.(2024新课标I卷)The design features ten steel “sepals(萼片)” made of glass and aluminium(铝). These sepals open on warm days ________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
答案：to give
解析：空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to give。
5.(2024新课标II卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ________(find) the connection between the two great writers.
答案：to find
解析：非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
6.(2024浙江1月卷)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ________(benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
答案：to benefit
解析：根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。
7.(2023新课标I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether ________(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案：to bite
解析：decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
8.(2023新课标I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ________(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
答案：to be lifted
解析：根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
9.(2022新课标I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ________(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案：to increase
解析：设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
10.(2022新课标II卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________(see) them.
答案：to see
解析：句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
11.(2022新课标II卷改编) “He saved my son’s life,” said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know how ________(thank) him.”
答案：to thank
解析：根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。故填to thank。
12.(2022浙江1月卷)That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ________(continue) the practice.
答案：to continue
解析：动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。
13.(2022浙江卷)Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ________(do).
答案：to do
解析：tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
14.(2021新课标II卷)I decided to do something ________(educate) people about this problem.
答案：to educate
解析：分析句子结构，空内容用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
15.(2021浙江卷)Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ________(plant) flowers in the front yard.
答案：to plant
解析：分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。
16.(2020·浙江卷)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ________(change) lives.
答案：to change
解析：分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语。故填to change。
17.(2020浙江1月卷)Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected ________(increase) to 42 by 2050.
答案：to increase
解析：根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。
Ⅱ考点二：动名词
1. （2026 1月浙江首考）I remember _________ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster.
答案：being pushed
解析：动词remember后接动名词表示“记得做过某事”。分析句子结构和句意可知，主语“I”是“被推”的对象，与动词push之间为被动关系，因此应用动名词的被动式“being pushed”。故填being pushed。
2. (2020新课标) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ________(walk) through a rainforest.
答案：walking
解析：此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
Ⅲ考点三：现在分词短语
1. （2026 1月浙江首考）She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes _________ (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, excitement and tension building to that final moment: BEEP!
答案：watching
解析：分析句子结构可知，逗号后“our eyes ... like it was ...”是一个独立主格结构，作伴随状语。动词watch与逻辑主语“our eyes”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词watching。故填watching。
2. (2024新课标II卷) ________(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
答案：Recalling
解析：非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
3. (2022新课标I卷)________(cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案：Covering
解析：设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
4.(2021新课标II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________(think) it is food.
答案：thinking
解析：分析句子结构，空内容用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
5.(2023新课标II卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
答案：visiting。
解析：分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，与international tourists并列，所以空处应填动名词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
6.(2022新课标II卷)When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ________(fall) child.
答案：falling
解析：句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
7.(2022浙江卷)Blind people recognize shapes with their ________(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ________(sight) people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
答案：existing; sighted
解析：形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填existing, sighted。
8.(2021新课标I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ________(ache) legs.
答案：aching
解析：考查非谓语动词。修饰legs用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。故填aching。
9.(2021浙江1月卷)This may be due to some disadvantages for people ________(live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
答案：living
解析：考查非谓语动词。结合语境空白处需要一个现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。故填living。
10.(2023新课标I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ________(want) more next time.
答案：wanting
解析：分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
Ⅳ过去分词短语
1.(2025新课标II卷)If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
答案：left
解析：分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，修饰名词sheet or shirt，表示“被晾晒的”。过去分词短语“left”作“sheet or shirt”的后置定语。故填left。
2.(2024新课标II卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ________(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
答案：inspired
解析：非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
3.(2024浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ________(design) with two halves containing separate portions(份).
答案：designed
解析：动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
4.(2024新课标I卷)These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ________(close) to protect the plants.
答案：closed
解析：空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
5.(2023新课标I卷)Shanghai may be the ________(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
答案：recognized
解析：空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
6.(2023浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ________(surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
答案：surrounded。
解析：分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
7.(2021浙江卷1月)In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
答案：studied
解析：分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
8.(2021新课标I卷)But that’s how nature is —always leaving us ________(astonish).
答案：astonished
解析：作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人“吃惊的”,故填astonished.
9.(2020浙江卷1月)The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ________(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
答案：compared
解析：Compare与old generation之间表示被动关系，故填compared。
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