Unit 5 知识梳理-原卷版+解析版【学霸提优】新沪教版七下英语单元高效复习必备

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名称 Unit 5 知识梳理-原卷版+解析版【学霸提优】新沪教版七下英语单元高效复习必备
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Unit 5 Water is life
单元小结
学习目标:本单元谈论水的旅行及重要用途。能掌握描述水的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习表达名词数量用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍水的小短文。
写作目标:写一篇节约用水的提示。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 on的用法 练习
要点2 Cool/cool down的用法 练习
要点3 eventually的用法 练习
要点4 drop的用法 练习
要点5a bit 和 a little的用法 练习
要点6 journey的用法 练习
要点7 voice的用法 练习
要点8 at the end of的用法 练习
要点9 remember的用法 练习
要点10 add的用法 练习
要点11 population的用法 练习
要点12 every day/everyday的用法 练习
要点13 trade的用法 练习
要点14 play a big role in 的用法 练习
要点15. power的用法 练习
要点16.ship的用法 练习
要点17 goods的用法 练习
要点18 overseas的用法 练习
要点19 as a result的用法 练习
要点20 by用法 练习
要点21 nearly的用法 练习
要点22 Throughout的用法 练习
要点23 duty用法 练习
要点24 make up的用法 练习
要点25 make sure的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 名词的数量 28
高频考题few,a few,little,a little辨异 29
高频考题too many,too much,much too辨异 31
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 33
要点2 词汇短语积累 33
要点3句式积累 34
要点4实战演练 34
【重点短语】
1.节水方法 ways to save water
2.淋浴 take a shower
3.代替 instead of
4.盆浴 take a bath
5.水循环 water cycle
6.关掉 turn off
7.环顾四周 look around
8.冷却 cool down
9.最终处于 end up
10.向…… 添加…… add...to...
11.… 的结尾 / 尽 the end of
12.再一次 one more time
13.立刻,马上 at once
14.寻找 search for
15.把…… 运输到… transport...to...
16.产生很大影响 make a big difference
17.在…… 中起重要作用 play a big role in
18.将货物运往海外 ship goods overseas
19.结果 as a result
20.纵观历史 throughout history
21.确保 make sure
22.组成;构成 make up
23.保持健康 stay healthy
24.事实上 in fact
【重点句式】
1. Du Yun turned the tap off and looked around, but there was no one there.
杜云关了水龙头,四下张望,但并没有人。
2. Do you know where I come from 你知道我来自哪里吗?
3. I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我落入一条河里,最终到了一个水库里。
4. Remember not to waste or pollute me.记得不要浪费或污染我。
5. We need to drink enough water every day to stay healthy.我们每天需要喝足够 的水来保持健康。
6. Water is not only essential for life, but is also important for human society.
水不但对生命至关重要,也对人类社会非常重要。
7. We use water for all kinds of things in everyday life, and we also need it for agriculture and for trade.
我们在日常生活中的各个方面都要使用水,我们在农业和贸易方面也需要水。
8. Water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution. 水在工业革命中扮演了重要角色。
9. There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me
那里的人给我清理了身体,并给我加了一些化学物质
10.Most of the human body is water. People can live for several weeks without food, but only for a few days without water.
人体的大部分是水。人们可以在没有食物的情况下存活数周,但在没有水的情况下只能存活几天。
【精讲精练】
要点 1 on
The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
The TV is on. 电视机开着。
on 表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中
off 表示不在工作状态或使用中
Don’t keep the lights on all the time. 不要一直开着灯。
The fan is off. 风扇关着。
【典例分析】
1.Don't leave the lights________ in your room. It's too dark to see anything clearly.
A. on B. off C.in D. up
【答案】B
【解析】句意:不要让你房间里的灯关着。太暗了看不清任何东西。leave sb./sth.+adj./adv.意为“使某人/某物处于某种状态”。leave...off意为“让……关着”。由句意可知选B。
要点 2. Cool
Cool的用法。
形容词
1.表示凉爽的:用于描述天气、物体等的温度让人感觉舒适。
It's a cool evening.这是个凉爽的夜晚。
The room is cool with the window open.窗户开着,房间里很凉爽。
2.表示酷的、时髦的:常用来形容人、事物或行为很有吸引力、令人钦佩。
Your new sneakers are really cool.你的新运动鞋真酷。
She has a cool sense of style.她的时尚品味很酷。
3.表示冷静的:描述人在面对压力、困难或突发情况时能保持镇定。
He remained cool in the face of danger.他在危险面前保持冷静。
You should stay cool when solving problems.解决问题时你应该保持冷静。
动词
表示使变凉、冷却;使冷静:
Cool the pie in the fridge for an hour.把馅饼放在冰箱里冷却一小时。
He tried to cool himself down with a fan.他试图用扇子让自己凉快些。
名词
表示凉气、凉快的地方;冷静:
Let's go inside and enjoy the cool.我们进去享受一下凉爽吧。
词组 “cool down”
1. (使)冷却
The soup is too hot. Let it cool down for a while.汤太烫了,让它冷却一会儿。
2. (使)平静下来、冷静下来
He was very angry, but after a while he cooled down.
他当时非常生气,但过了一会儿就冷静下来了。
【典例分析】
1.— Your new bike looks so ______. Where did you buy it
— I bought it in the supermarket near my home.
A. cool B. bad C. old D. dirty
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“cool” 除了表示凉爽,还可以形容物品 “酷的、帅的”。从对话中对方询问购买地点,可推测是觉得自行车很酷,该选项符合语境。B 选项:“bad” 意思是糟糕的,如果觉得自行车糟糕就不会询问购买地点了,所以该选项错误。C 选项:“old” 表示旧的,同样与询问购买地点的积极态度不相符,该选项不正确。D 选项:“dirty” 是脏的,与对话氛围不符,所以该选项也不合适。
2. The ______ wind made the leaves on the trees dance.
A. warm B. hot C. cool D. strong
【答案】C
【解析】A 选项:“warm” 风通常不会给人那种让树叶欢快 “跳舞” 的感觉,温暖的风比较柔和且不会有明显的动态效果,所以该选项不太合适。B 选项:“hot” 风一般会让人感觉燥热,也不太能体现出树叶欢快舞动的情景,该选项不符合。 C 选项:“cool” 风清爽宜人,能让树叶随风飘动,仿佛在跳舞,符合描述的场景。D 选项:“strong” 风强调风力大,可能会把树叶吹落而不是呈现出跳舞的状态,所以该选项不准确。
3. Let's open the window to ______ the room. It's too hot in here.
A. heat B. cool C. warm D. clean
【答案】B
【解析】A 选项:“heat” 作动词时意为 “使变热;加热”,与句子中 “房间太热,需要开窗” 的语境不符,所以不选 A。B 选项:“cool” 作为动词有 “使冷却;使凉快” 的意思,打开窗户是为了让房间凉快下来,“cool the room” 符合题意,故选 B。C 选项:“warm” 作动词表示 “使温暖;使暖和”,与房间太热需要降温的情境相悖,因此 C 不正确。D 选项:“clean” 作动词是 “打扫;清洁” 的意思,与开窗使房间凉快的目的无关,所以 D 也不正确。
4.After running, you should ______ down before taking a shower.
A. cool down B. calm down C. put down D. lie down
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“cool down” 是固定短语,意为 “冷静下来;(使)变凉”,在这里指跑步后身体发热,需要先让身体凉快下来再洗澡,“cool down” 符合语境,所以选 A。
B 选项:“calm down” 表示 “(使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来”,通常指情绪方面,而这里说的是身体状态,所以 B 不合适。
C 选项:“put down” 有 “放下;记下” 等意思,与跑步后身体的状态无关,故 C 不正确。
D 选项:“lie down” 意为 “躺下”,虽然跑步后可以躺下休息,但这与 “在洗澡前先让身体凉快下来” 的逻辑关系不紧密,所以 D 也不准确。
要点 3. eventually
“eventually” 是一个副词,意思是 “最终;最后”,通常用于描述在较长时间后事情的最终发展情况或结果.
Eventually, they found a solution to the problem.
最终,他们找到了解决问题的办法。
He eventually realized his mistake.他最终意识到了自己的错误。
The team will eventually win the championship if they keep working hard.如果这支队伍继续努力,他们最终会赢得冠军。
1.Finally
同样表示 “最后;终于”,带有一种经过一番等待或努力后达成结果的意味,更强调顺序上的最后。
Finally, we reached the top of the mountain.最后,我们到达了山顶。
She finally finished her homework.她终于完成了作业。
2. at last
强调经过长时间的等待、困难或努力之后的结果,带有一种如释重负的情感。通常放在句首或句末。
At last, the long - awaited holiday began.最后,期待已久的假期开始了。
They got married at last.他们最终结婚了。
3. in the end
强调经过一系列的变化、决策或努力后,事情达到的最终状态,可用于预测或回顾事情的发展。
In the end, he decided to change his job.最后,他决定换工作。
We won the game in the end. 最后我们赢得了比赛。
【典例分析】
1.After months of hard work and practice, the young athlete ______ won the gold medal at the championship.
A. eventually B. accidentally C. frequently D. suddenly
【答案】A
【解析】句意为“经过数月的努力和练习,这位年轻的运动员最终在锦标赛上赢得了金牌。”eventually意为“最终;终于”,符合语境。accidentally意为“偶然地”;frequently意为“频繁地”;suddenly意为“突然地”,均不符合语境。
2.After months of hard work and countless setbacks, the team ______ achieved their goal of winning the championship.
A. gradually B. finally C. eventually D. lately
【答案】C。
【解析】:gradually 强调逐渐地;finally 一般指一系列事情的最后;eventually 表示经过长时间努力或等待后最终;lately 意为最近。这里强调经过数月努力克服挫折后最终达成目标,eventually 最符合语境,finally 虽也有最终之意,但 eventually 更侧重历经艰难后的结果,所以选 C。
要点 4 drop
作动词:
1.意为 “落下;掉下”:使落下;投下”:
Be careful not to drop the glass.小心别把玻璃杯掉了。
The pilot dropped the bombs.飞行员投下了炸弹。
2.“降低;减少”:The temperature is dropping.温度在下降。
3.“放弃;停止”:You should drop that bad habit.你应该改掉那个坏习惯。
作名词:
表示 “滴;水珠”:
A drop of rain fell on my nose. 一滴雨落在了我的鼻子上。
drop, fall与sink辨异
(1)drop指物体从一定高度落下。
The fruit dropped from the tree. 果实从树上落下。
(2)fall与drop同义,指突然或猛烈地降落,但fall可指任何下落,同高度或形式无关。
If I fall down, what should I do 如果我摔倒了,我该怎么办?
(3)sink指在空气或水中垂直下降、下沉。
【典例分析】
1、我感到有两滴雨落在了我的脸颊上。
I felt _________ _________ _________ rain _________ on my face
2、桌上有一滴水。
There is________ _________ _________ _________ on the table.
3、雨从云层里滴落下来。
Rain ________ _________ from clouds.
【答案】1.a drop of dropping 2.a drop of water 3.drops down
4.The old man accidentally ______ his glasses and broke them.
A. dropped B. fell C. declined D. lowered
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“drop” 有 “使落下;掉落” 的意思,“drop sth.” 表示不小心让某物掉下来,在本句中 “dropped his glasses” 指老人不小心让眼镜掉下来,符合语境。 B 选项:“fall” 意为 “落下;跌倒”,是不及物动词,后面不能直接接宾语,常用结构是 “fall down” 等,所以不能说 “fell his glasses”,该选项不符合要求。
C 选项:“decline” 主要表示 “拒绝;下降(常指数量、质量、价值等抽象事物的下降)”,如 “decline an invitation(拒绝邀请)”“The price declined.(价格下降了)”,与 “眼镜掉落” 这一语境不相关,故该选项错误。
D 选项:“lower” 意为 “降低;放下”,通常用于降低高度、水平、价格等,比如 “lower the temperature(降低温度)”“lower one's voice(压低声音)”,一般不用于描述不小心让物体掉落的情况,所以该选项不合适。
要点5
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
二者的主要用法如下:
1. a bit 和 a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、 副词及其比较级, 可以换用, 表示“一点儿”。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little loudly so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
2. a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, 而a bit则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
There’s only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.
午餐只剩一点儿食品了
【典例分析】
1. The new student is ______ shy.
A. a little bit B. little C. a bit of D. bit
【点拨】A。a little bit 等于a little 或者a bit ,可以修饰形容词。a bit of 只能修饰不可数名词。little 和bit 都不可以修饰形容词。本题空格后是形容词shy,故选A。
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. (1-3题)
2.He feels ________________ better today.
【点拨】a little/a bit . a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词,修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
3.She is ________________ tired.
【点拨】a little/ a bit a bit ; a little都可以用作程度副词,修饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级
4.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
【点拨】a little/a bit of a bit ; a little都可以修饰不可数名词数量,而a bit必须与of连用。
5. His younger brother feels _____________ better today.
A. more B. a bit of C. a little D. too
【点拨】C句意:他的小弟弟今天感觉有点好了。考查副词辨析。根据句中的better为形容词最高级,判断应该使用可以修饰形容词及其比较级形式的程度副词。而供选答案中只有a little可以。供选C。
6. There is ____________ water in the bottle. You can drink it.
A. a bit B. little C. a bit of D. a little of
【点拨】C句意:在瓶子里还有一点水。你可以把它喝掉。考查易混词辨析。根据句中你可以喝掉,判断瓶子里应该还有水,而供选答案中可以用来修饰不可数名词water肯定意义的只有 a bit of;a little修饰不可数名词数量不与of连用。供选C。
要点 6:journey
journey n.旅行;旅程
【辨析】journey, trip, travel与tour
(1)journey 为普通用语,指陆地上的远程旅行。
(2)trip 指有特定目的的短距离旅行,强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。
(3)travel 惯用复数形式,泛指到各地旅行,表示旅行的路途远、时间长。
(4)tour 指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。
【典例分析】
用journey, trip, travel或tour填空
1. At first I was afraid the long ___________ would be too much for her.
2. We went on a guided ___________ of Italy that included stops at Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.
3. I go to work by train, and the ___________ takes me 40 minutes.
4. The ___________ of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.
【答案】1.journey 2.tour 3.trip 4.travels
5.The ______ through life is full of ups and downs, but it's the experiences that shape who we are.
A. journey B. travel C. trip D. path
【答案】A.
【解析】句意为“人生之旅充满了起伏,但正是这些经历塑造了我们是谁。”journey意为“旅程;过程”,在这里表示人生的历程,符合语境。travel意为“旅行”;trip意为“短途旅行”;path意为“小路”,均不符合语境。
要点7:voice
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
教室外面一片嘈杂声,物理老师只得提高了声音说:“光的传播速度比声音快得多。”
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout  B.noise C.voice  D.sound
【答案】D
【解析】A.shout 喊声。  B.noise不好听的声音。噪音 C.voice 人的声音,
D.sound自然界所发出的声音。流动小溪的声音。故答案选D。
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice  B. sound  C. noise  D. choice
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。voice嗓音; sound声音; noise噪音; choice选择。根据句意“不要制造这么多噪音, 我的孩子在睡觉。”可知选noise。
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
6.The children often get _________(noise) in the classroom after class.
【答案】1.noise 2.sound/noise 3.voice 4.voices 5.sound 6.noisy
要点 8 at the end of
“at the end of” 意思是 “在…… 末尾;在…… 尽头”,后面可接时间或地点名词。
接时间名词:
At the end of last month, we had a big party. 上个月底,我们举办了一场盛大的派对。
I will finish my project at the end of this year. 我将在今年年底完成我的项目。接地点名词:
There is a small shop at the end of the street. 在街道的尽头有一家小商店
辨析at the end of, in the end和by the end of
短语 用法 例句
at the end of 意为“在……的结尾;在……的末端”,后面常常跟表示时间、地点的名词。 Go along the road, and you'll see the school at the end of it. 沿着这条路走,你将在路的尽头看到那所学校。
in the end 意为“最后;最终”,指时间,相当于at last或finally。 He worked out the problem in the end 他最终解决了这个难题。
by the end of 意为“到……为止”,其后常跟表示时间的词,常用于完成时态。 I will have been in the company for two years by the end of this year. 到今年年底,我就在这个公司呆了两年了。  
【典例分析】
1.史密斯先生的家在这条路的尽头。
Are there any exams ___________ this term
【答案】at the end of 在……的结尾 接时间。
2.这个学期期末有考试吗?
My room is ______________ the corridor.
【答案】 at the end of 在……的末端 接地点。
3.到本学期末为止,我已经学了2000个英语单词。
__________________ this term, we_____________ 2000 English words.
【答案】By the end of have learned
4.他终走到达这条街道的尽头。
__________, he reached_________________ the street.
【答案】 In the end at the end of
4. We usually have a final exam ______________________ June every year.
A. in the end of B. at the end of C. by the end of D. to the end of
【答案】B句意:我们通常在每一年的六月底又一次期末考试。考查易混短语辨析。根据:in the end:最终,最后;强调时间顺序上的最后,强调结果一般不与of连用。at the end:在……的末端;在……的后期;既指某一段时间的后期,也指某一地点的末端。一般与of连用。by the end:到……末时为止;强调时间概念,一般也与of连用。故选B。
5.__________, He succeeded in getting the job.
A.in the end B.at the end of C.by the end of D.to the end
【答案】A句意,最后他得到这个工作。in the end:最终,最后;强调时间顺序上的最后。故答案选A
要点9 remember
remember作动词,意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如:
Please remember his name. 请记得他的名字。
【拓展】
(1)remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”,事情还没有做。例如:
Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。
(2)remember doing sth.表示“记得曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过了。例如:
He remembered going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old.
他记得五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
【答案】此题用固定搭配法。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”,forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”。
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
【答案】borrowing forget doing sth.忘了做过某事。
3.—Do you still remember ________ Yao Ming in Beijing
—Yes, of course, three years ago.
A. to meet B. meeting C. meet D. met
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-你还记得在北京见过姚明吗?-是的,当然记得,是在三年前。to meet动词不定式,遇见;meeting动名词形式;meet遇见,动词原形;met遇见,是meet的过去式。句中谓语动词是remember意思是“记得”,常用于句型remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没做);或者remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已经做过了)。根据对话的意思可知,这里说的是三年前的事情,是做过的事情,故应选B。
4 —Will she forget ______ dinner for us —No, she won’t.
A.cooks B.to cook C.cooking D.cooked
【答案】B
【解析】她会忘记给我们做饭吗?forget to do sth 忘了要做某事。
5 —Why do you mention this again
—Oh, dear, I forgot ______ you about that before.
A.telling B.told C.to tell D.to telling
【答案】A
【解析】你为什么再说一遍?哦,天哪,我忘了以前跟你说过那件事了。forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事。
要点10 add
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
  Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
  Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
  把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
【典例分析】
1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。
________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.
【答案】Add to
2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste better
A. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds
【答案】A
【解析】句意:如果汤里再多加点盐尝起来会更好。根据句意及题干分析此题应用被动语态,其基本结构是be+动词的过去分词,根据主将从现原则,if从句中应用一般现在时态,故选A。
3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.
A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to
【答案】B
【解析】句意“请把数字全部加起来,看看合计有多少”。add填加;add up加起来;add up to合计。根据句意,故选B。
4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.
A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他向咖啡里加了一些糖。
put…in…意为“把……放入……”;add…to…意为“向……里加……”;根据句意及固定搭配,故选B。
要点11 population
population n.人口
对人口数量提问用what或how large 而不能使用how many/much
What’s the population of this city 这座城市的人口是多少?
(1)population常与定冠词the连用,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
(2) 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(3)The population of+ 某地+ be+ 数词= 某地+has a population of+ 数词
(4) 表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little”,而要用“large”或“small”。
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A.How many is B.How much is C.How many are D.What’s
【答案】D
【解析】句意:中国的人口是多少?
How many 多少,提问数量,修饰可数名词;How much也可以提问数量,修饰不可数名词;What’s是什么。根据句意可知,这里提问人口的数量,不是How many或者How much提问,而是用What或者How large来提问,故应选D。
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
【答案】C 形容人口(population)的多少用big/ large 或 small.
要点 12.
“everyday” 是形容词,意为 “每日的;日常的”.
I wear my everyday clothes to school.我穿着日常的衣服去上学。
Cooking is an everyday task for my mother. 做饭是我妈妈每天的日常任务。everyday 与 every day 的区别
“every day” 是副词短语,用来表示动作发生的频率,意思是 “每天” 。而 “everyday” 是形容词,修饰名词。例如:
I read books every day.我每天读书。在句中作状语。
This is my everyday book.这是我日常看的书
daily 作为形容词,意为“每天的;天天的”。作为名词,意为“日报”。 The library is open daily. 图书馆每天都开放。 The young man reads China Daily every day. 年青人每天都读<<中国日报>>。
everyday 作为形容词,意为“每天的;日常的”,只能够作定语。 Doing exercise is important in my everyday life. 锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
every day 作为副词短语,意为“每天”,在句子作时间状语。 I do some reading every day. 我每天都做阅读。
【典例分析】
1,他每天练习英语日常用语。
He practises _________ English _________.
【答案】daily /everyday every day
2. 每天锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
Doing exercise __________is important in my __________ life.
【答案】every day daily
3. There is a supermarket for people to buy ____ things in the small village.
A. lively B. daily C. silly D. weekly
【答案】B
【解析】daily日常的;weekly每周的。
4..She enjoys reading an ______ newspaper to stay updated with the latest news.
A. everyday B. every day C. daily D. ordinary
【答案】A.
【解析】句意为“她喜欢每天读日报以了解最新消息。”everyday是形容词,意为“每天的;日常的”,用于修饰名词newspaper,表示日报。every day是副词短语,意为“每天”,不能修饰名词;daily也是形容词,意为“每日的”,但更强调频率;ordinary意为“普通的”,不符合语境。
要点 13.
“trade” 常见词性为名词和动词
名词用法:意为 “贸易;交易;行业”。
The two companies made a trade. 这两家公司做了一笔交易。
He works in the building trade. 他在建筑行业工作
动词用法:意为 “做买卖;从事贸易;交换”。
Local farmers trade at the market every week.
当地农民每周在集市上做买卖。
Can I trade my apple for your orange 我能用我的苹果换你的橙子吗?
【典例分析】
1.The two countries have decided to increase _____ with each other, aiming to boost their economic development.
A. trade B. business C. commerce D. deal
【答案】:A
【解析】:A 选项:“trade” 主要指 “贸易、交易”,侧重于国家、地区之间或不同行业之间的商品交换活动,“increase trade” 表示 “增加贸易往来”,符合两国之间经济交流的语境。
B 选项:“business” 含义较为广泛,可指 “商业、生意、企业” 等,强调的是商业活动或经营事务,通常更侧重于个体或企业的经营行为,如 “do business”(做生意),不如 “trade” 能准确表达国家间的贸易概念。
C 选项:“commerce” 也表示 “商业、贸易”,但它更强调商业活动的整体体系和过程,常涉及大规模的商业运作和交易,如 “international commerce”(国际贸易),在描述两国间具体的贸易往来时,“trade” 更常用。
D 选项:“deal” 一般指 “交易、协议”,通常是具体的一次交易行为,如 “make a deal”(达成一项交易),与 “两国增加贸易往来” 这种较为宏观的概念不符。
2.The ancient Silk Road was an important route for cultural exchange as well as ____ between the East and the West.
A. trade B. traffic C. communication D. transportation
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“trade” 表示 “贸易”,丝绸之路在历史上是东西方之间进行商品交换和贸易往来的重要通道,“trade between the East and the West” 准确描述了其在经济方面的重要作用,同时也与前文提到的 “文化交流” 相呼应,因为贸易往往伴随着文化的传播。
B 选项:“traffic” 主要指 “交通、通行”,侧重于车辆、行人等的流动情况,与丝绸之路作为贸易通道的核心功能不符。C 选项:“communication” 意为 “交流、沟通”,虽然丝绸之路促进了文化等方面的交流,但这里更强调其贸易的属性,“communication” 不能准确体现丝绸之路在经济贸易方面的重要意义。
D 选项:“transportation” 指 “运输、运送”,它只是贸易过程中的一个环节,而丝绸之路的主要意义在于促进了东西方之间的贸易往来,“transportation” 不能全面概括其作用。
要点 14. play a big role in
“play a big role in” 意思是 “在 中扮演重要角色 / 起重要作用”
Trees play a big role in keeping the air clean.
树木在保持空气清洁方面起着重要作用。
Parents play a big role in their children's growth.
父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演着重要角色。
Education plays a big role in shaping a person's future.
教育在塑造一个人的未来中起着重要作用。
【典例分析】
1. Weather plays an important role ________ farming.
A. at B. in C. to D. of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:天气在农业中起着重要作用。
考查介词辨析。at在(某处);in在……里;to朝;of……的。play a part in为固定搭配,意为“对……有影响、对……起作用”,符合句意,故选B。
2. The dragon ________ an important role in Chinese festivals
A. takes B. plays C. has D. act
【答案】B
【解析】句意:龙在中国节日中扮演着重要的角色。
考查动词辨析和动词短语。takes带走;plays扮演,玩;has有;act行动。固定搭配play a(an)… part (in...)意为“(在……中)扮演……角色;(在……中)起……作用”。plays an important part in Chinese festivals意为“在中国节日中扮演着重要的角色”,故选B。
3. Everyone in our class should ________ keeping the classroom clean.
A. make sure B. play a role in C. be ready to D. make up
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们班的每个人都应该在保持教室干净上发挥作用。
考查动词短语。make sure确保;play a part in发挥作用;be ready to准备好;make up编造。根据“keeping the classroom clean”以及结合空后是动名词keeping可知,此处是指我们班的每个人都应该在保持教室的清洁方面发挥作用。play a part in+动名词形式,故选B。
4. Everyone should _______ protecting the environment.
A. bring in B. play a role in C. take in D. arrive in
【答案】B
【解析】句意:每个人都应该参与保护环境。
考查动词短语。bring in引入,赚得;play a part in参与,起……作用;take in吸收,领会;arrive in到达。结合句意可知,每个人都应该参与到保护环境中,且空格后的动词为现在分词形式,只有play a part in后可接动词的ing形式。故选B。
要点 15.power
动词:意为 “驱动;推动,给…动力”。
The engine powers the car. 发动机驱动汽车。
名词:
power n. 能;能量。如:
water power 水力 solar power太阳能
power n.力量、能力或权力
She has the power to influence people.她有影响他人的能力。
He has power over his employees.他对员工有控制权。
【同根词】
(1)powerful adj. 强大的
He is a powerful man. 他是个强人。
(2)powerless adj. 无力量的
I am powerless to stop pollution on my own. 我无力独自阻止污染。
【辨析】power 与 energy
power指力量、功率、电力或权利;energy指精力、能量。
May the Sun bring you new energy. 愿太阳带给你新的能量。
【典例分析】
1.Knowledge is __________. 知识就是力量
2.You have lots of ____________ (power) tools.
【解析】power “力量”。名词。 1.powerful “强大的,有力量的”。形容词。
3. Wind p_________ is used in many ways now.
【答案】power
【解析】句意:风力发电现在有很多用途。
4. -Is it true that some colors can make us feel relaxed
-Yes. Colors do have the_______ to change our feelings and moods.
A. secret B. idea C. power D. experience
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——一些颜色真的能让我们感到轻松吗?——是的,颜色确实有能力改变我们的感觉和情绪。A. secret秘密;B. idea主意;C. power力量;D. experience经历,体验。这里是说有权利。根据题意,故选C。
5. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ________.
A. power B. force C. energy D. strength
【答案】C
【解析】句意:许多国家正在增加对天然气、风能和其他形式能源的使用。
考查名词辨析。power权力;force力量;energy能源;strength力量。根据“natural gas, wind”可知,这些都属于能源,故选C。
6.The new engine ______ the car to reach a top speed of 200 miles per hour.
A. powers B. forces C. drives D. makes
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“powers” 在这里是 “为…… 提供动力” 的意思,符合句子中发动机为汽车提供动力使其达到最高时速的语境。B 选项:“forces” 意为 “强迫;迫使”,通常用于人或某种力量迫使某人做某事,与发动机为汽车提供动力的意思不符。C 选项:“drives” 有 “驾驶;驱动” 的意思,但 “drive” 强调的是操作或推动某物前进,而不是像 “power” 那样明确地表示提供动力。
D 选项:“makes” 使役动词,“make sb. /sth. do sth.” 表示 “使某人 / 某物做某事”,但它没有 “提供动力” 的意思,不能准确表达发动机对汽车的作用。
7.Solar panels are used to ______ the house with electricity.
A. power B. supply C. provide D. equip
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“power” 作动词时,有 “给…… 供电” 的意思,“power the house with electricity” 表示 “给房子供电”,符合太阳能电池板功能的描述。B 选项:“supply” 通常与 “with” 搭配,“supply sb. /sth. with sth.” 表示 “向某人 / 某物提供某物”,更强调提供物品或资源,而 “power” 更侧重于提供电力这种能量。C 选项:“provide” 也有 “提供” 的意思,“provide sb. /sth. with sth.” 与 “supply” 用法类似,但同样没有 “power” 那种专门针对电力供应的含义。
D 选项:“equip” 意为 “装备;配备”,“equip the house with...” 通常指给房子配备某种设备或设施,与太阳能电池板给房子供电的语境不符。
要点 16. Ship
作名词:意为 “船;舰”
The ship is sailing on the sea.这艘船正在海上航行。
Many goods are transported by ship.许多货物通过船只运输。
作动词:表示 “用船运;运输;运送”强调通过船这种交通工具运输货物等,也可指通过其他方式运输。
They will ship the goods to China.他们将把货物运往中国。
The company ships its products all over the world.
这家公司将其产品运往世界各地。
表示 “上市;把…… 推向市场”:常用于商业领域,推出新产品等。
The new model will be shipped next month.这款新模型将于下个月上市。
【典例分析】
1.The company will ______ the goods to your address by the end of this week.
A. ship B. send C. deliver D. transport
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“ship” 作动词时,常指通过轮船、飞机等交通工具运输货物,强调商业性的货物运输,符合公司运输货物到指定地址这一商业场景。
B 选项:“send” 使用范围较广,它可以表示用各种方式(如信件、电子邮件、派人等)把人或物送出去,不一定强调货物运输,语义不如 “ship” 精准。
C 选项:“deliver” 主要侧重于将货物送到目的地,重点在于送达这个动作,而 “ship” 更强调运输的过程。
D 选项:“transport” 着重指用交通工具把人或物从一个地方运到另一个地方,更强调运输的行为和方式,一般用于大规模的运输,这里用 “ship” 更能体现商业运输的语境。
2.The factory will ______ the toys to different countries next month.
A. ship B. take C. bring D. carry
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“ship” 作动词有 “运送;运输” 的意思,通常用于商业上把货物运到各地,工厂把玩具运到不同国家,用 “ship” 合适。B 选项:“take” 一般指 “带去;拿走”,强调从说话者所在处带到别处,比如 “Take this book to the library.”,这里用 “take” 不能很好体现商业运输的概念。
C 选项:“bring” 意为 “带来;拿来”,是指从别处带到说话者所在处,与题意不符。
D 选项:“carry” 着重指 “携带;搬运”,一般强调随身携带或搬运较小的物品,不用于大规模的商业货物运输。
3.Many people like to watch the big ______ go in and out of the harbor.
A. ships B. buses C. bikes D. trains
【答案】:A
【解析】:A 选项:“ship” 是 “船” 的意思,根据 “harbor(港口)” 这个提示,港口里进出的自然是船,所以 “ships” 符合语境。B 选项:“bus” 是 “公共汽车”,公共汽车不会在港口进出。
C 选项:“bike” 是 “自行车”,自行车也不会在港口进出。 D 选项:“train” 是 “火车”,火车通常在铁轨上行驶,不在港口活动。
要点 17. goods
“goods” 名词,意思是 “商品;货物” ,没有单数形式,常以复数形式出现。
These goods are very popular.这些商品很受欢迎。
The store sells a wide variety of goods. 这家商店出售各种各样的商品
【典例分析】
1.The company is responsible for delivering the ______ to the customers on time.
A. goods B. stuff C. things D. items
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“goods” 在商业语境中常表示待运输、买卖的货物,“deliver the goods” 是常见的表达,意思是 “送货”,这里公司负责按时把货物送给客户,用 “goods” 恰当。
B 选项:“stuff” 是比较口语化、泛指的词,意为 “东西、物品”,没有 “goods” 那种明确的商业货物的含义。C 选项:“things” 是最普通的用词,可指各种事物、东西,比较宽泛,在描述商业运输的货物时,不如 “goods” 准确。D 选项:“items” 通常指单个的物品、项目,强调一个个的个体,而 “goods” 更强调整体的货物概念,这里强调公司运送的整体货物,用 “items” 不太合适。
2.The store is having a big sale. All the ______ are at very low prices.
A. goods B. fruits C. books D. clothes
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“goods” 意为 “商品、货物”,该句说商店在大减价,所有商品都低价出售,“goods” 能涵盖各种可能在商店售卖的东西,符合语境。B 选项:“fruits” 仅指水果,不能代表商店里所有的东西,范围太窄。C 选项:“books” 只是商店可能售卖的其中一类商品,不能概括所有正在减价的物品。
D 选项:“clothes” 同样只是商品中的一个类别,不能表达出商店里所有商品都低价的意思。
3.My father works in a factory that produces ______ for export.
A. goods B. toys C. food D. drinks
【答案】A
【解析】A 选项:“goods” 表示商品,工厂生产用于出口的东西,用 “goods” 能广泛地涵盖各种可能生产的产品,符合题意。B 选项:“toys” 指玩具,只说明了工厂生产的可能是玩具这一种产品,不能确定工厂只生产玩具用于出口。C 选项:“food” 指食物,这只是众多出口商品中的一类,不能代表工厂生产的全部商品。D 选项:“drinks” 指饮料,同样只是出口商品中的一部分,不能完整表达工厂生产商品出口的意思。
要点 18. Overseas
1.作形容词:意为 “海外的;国外的”,常放在名词前作定语。
Overseas students often face cultural differences.
海外学生经常面临文化差异。
2.作副词:意为 “在海外;在国外”,在句中作状语,修饰动词。
He went overseas to pursue his dreams.他去海外追寻他的梦想。
【典例分析】
1.The shop sells many products made ______. They are very popular among local people.
A. overseas B. inside C. near D. around
【答案】:A
【解析】:A 选项:“overseas” 作副词,“made overseas” 表示 “在海外制造”,说明商店售卖很多国外制造的产品,且这些产品受当地人欢迎,符合逻辑。
B 选项:“inside” 表示 “在里面”,“made inside” 语义不明确,不知道指在什么里面制造,不能准确传达产品来源是国外的意思。
C 选项:“near” 表示 “在…… 附近”,“made near” 同样不清晰,无法确切表明产品的制造地是国外。
D 选项:“around” 表示 “在周围”,“made around” 不能体现产品是在海外生产的,不符合语境。
2.The government encourages ______ students to return home and contribute to the country.
A.overseas B. foreign C. international D.global
【答案】A
【解析】选项 A (overseas):形容词,意为 “海外的”,强调地理位置在国外(如 “overseas students” 指在海外求学的本国学生)。 选项 B (foreign):形容词,意为 “外国的”,指国籍或来源属于他国(如 “foreign students” 指来自外国的学生)。选项 C (international):形容词,意为 “国际的”,强调涉及多国(如 “international students” 指来自不同国家的学生)。选项 D (global):形容词,意为 “全球的”,范围过大,不特指海外。题目中 “return home” 暗示学生是本国派出的,因此用 overseas 更准确。
要点 19. as a result
as a result的意思是 “结果;因此”,在句中作状语,通常用于引出一个事件所导致的结果,它后面一般接句子。
He didn't work hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
他学习不努力,结果考试不及格。
She got up late. As a result, she missed the early bus.
她起床晚了。结果,她错过了早班车。
as a result of:意为 “由于;因为”相当于“thanks to ” “because of”
As a result of the heavy rain, the football match was put off.
由于大雨,足球比赛被推迟了。
As a result of his carelessness, he lost his wallet.
由于他的粗心,他丢了钱包。
【典例分析】
1.He was late________ the snow.
A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of
【答案】B
【解析】 as a result意为“因此;结果是”,后接结果,要用逗号隔开. as a result of意为“由于……的原因”,后接原因。
2.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.
A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:洪水穿过村庄。结果,200人失踪。
考查介词短语。In a result表达错误;As a result结果(作状语);Result in导致(动词短语),造成;As a result of由于……的结果(后跟宾语)。此处逗号隔开,作句中的状语。故选B。
3.Six people were dead the accident.
A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:事故造成6人死亡。
考查介词短语,result in 后面加的是导致的结果,意为“导致”“引起(某种结果)”“使……获得某种结果”;result from后面加的是导致的原因,意为“由……造成”“因……产生”;as a result为副词用法,意为“结果是”,后面指事情的结果; as a result of为短语介词,后跟名词、代词等,意为“由于…的原因”。结合题干分析,后部分是主语的原因,那么结合句意,故选D。
5.用result构成的常用短语填空。(不限字数)
1)她因天气寒冷而生病。
She was ill ___________ the cold weather.
【答案】as a result of/because of
2)许多竹林遭到砍伐,其结果是,越来越多的野生大熊猫失去了它们的家园。
Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.
【答案】as a result
3) 由于污染,该地区的居民很容易生病。
People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.
【答案】as a result of because of
要点 20.
by 常见的基本用法及例句如下:
1.表示方式、手段,意为 “通过;用;以”:
I go to school by bus. 我乘公交车去上学。
We learn English by listening to tapes. 我们通过听磁带学英语。
2.表示时间,意为 “不迟于;在…… 之前” “到….. 为止”
I must finish my homework by 9 o'clock.我必须在 9 点前完成作业。
3.表示靠近、在…… 旁边:
The boy is standing by the window.那个男孩正站在窗户旁边。
4.用于被动语态,引出动作的执行者:
The book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1)There is a house by the river.
【答案】by介词,在旁边=beside,near
2)An old friend passed by me without stopping.
【答案】by 介词。“从……的旁边经过路过”
3)You must finish this work by Friday
【答案】by 介词。到。。。为止
4)I learn English by listening to the radio.
【答案】by介词“ 通过,用”
5)The cake was eaten by that little boy
【答案】by “被,由,受” 用于被动语态。
2.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.
A. on B. for C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词。句意:这里的孩子们通过每天听和说来提高他们的英语水平。on意为“在……上面”;for意为“为了”;by意为“通过”,表示通过某种手段或方法,其后常接动名词;with意为“和……一起”。故选C。
3.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister
—I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.
on B. for C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】by在这里表示乘坐某种交通工具。By taxi/by train/by bike /by bus.
4.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel  the window.
A. for B. on C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】by 在这里表“在。。。旁边”“在。。。附近”
5. Smartphones  Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in
【答案】A
【解析】made by。By常用于被动语态中,表示“由,被”
6.You have to get home 10 o'clock.
A. with B.in C. on D.by
【答案】D
【解析】by 表示“到。。。 为止”
要点 21. nearly
“nearly” 和 “almost” 都有 “几乎;差不多” 的意思,用法和区别如下:
nearly:
常与数字连用,表示接近某个数量。例如:
Nearly 200 people came to the party.将近 200 人来参加聚会。
可修饰形容词、副词、动词等。例如:
I'm nearly ready.我差不多准备好了。
almost:
同样可修饰形容词、副词、动词等。例如:
He almost fell. 他几乎摔倒了。
还可用于修饰 no, none, nothing, never 等词,表示 “几乎没有;几乎从不”。例如:Almost no one believed him. 几乎没有人相信他。
区别:
与数字连用时:nearly 更常见,almost 相对少用。
修饰词不同:almost 可与 no, none, nothing, never 等词连用,nearly 一般不这样用。比如我们可以说 almost no time,但不说 nearly no time 。
语气程度:almost 比 nearly 所表达的意思更接近 “完全”,语气稍强一点。例如:
It‘s almost dark.天几乎全黑了。比 It’s nearly dark. 天差不多黑了。
更强调接近全黑的状态。
【典例分析】
1.It's ______ seven o'clock. We need to hurry up or we'll be late for school.
A. nearly B. hardly C. clearly D. really
【答案】A
【解析】nearly 表示 “几乎、差不多”,这里指差不多七点了,符合语境。hardly 意为 “几乎不”;clearly 是 “清晰地”;really 表示 “真正地”,均不符合描述时间快到某点的意思,所以选 A
2. The box is so heavy that I can ______ lift it.
A. nearly B. hardly C. almost D. easily
【答案】B
【解析】A 选项:“nearly” 表示 “几乎”,如果用 “nearly lift it” 表示几乎能举起,与前文 “箱子很重” 逻辑不符。 B 选项:“hardly” 表示 “几乎不”,“I can hardly lift it.” 即我几乎举不起它,符合箱子很重的描述。 C 选项:“almost” 同 “nearly”,“almost lift it” 意思是几乎能举起,不符合语境。
D 选项:“easily” 表示 “容易地”,“I can easily lift it.” 与箱子很重相矛盾。
要点 22. Throughout
Throughout 的基本用法
作介词,表 “在…… 期间;自始至终”:
Throughout the meeting, he kept silent.在整个会议期间,他一直保持沉默。作介词,表 “遍及;贯穿”相当“all over”:
There are trees throughout the park. 公园里到处都有树。
作副词:“处处;始终;全部
The house is painted green throughout. 这房子整个都漆成了绿色。
【典例分析】
1. The tradition has been passed down ______ generations in this small village.
A. throughout B. during C. among D. between
【答案】A
【解析】throughout 在这里表示 “在整个…… 期间”,“throughout generations” 即历经好几代人,符合传统传承的语境。during 表示 “在…… 期间”,但更强调在某个特定时间段内;among 用于三者或三者以上 “在…… 之中”;between 用于两者之间,这三个选项都不能准确表达传统历经多代传承的意思,所以选 A。
2.The news spread quickly ______ the small town.
A. across B. over C. throughout D. around
【答案】C
【解析】 A 选项:“across” 表示从物体表面 “穿过”,侧重于从一边到另一边,“across the small town” 更像是穿过小镇,而不是消息在小镇各处传播,不符合语境。 B 选项:“over” 有 “在…… 上方;遍及” 等意思,“over the small town” 表达消息传播的范围时不够准确和常用,不能很好地体现消息在小镇各个角落都传开的意思。 C 选项:“throughout” 意为 “遍及”,“The news spread quickly throughout the small town.” 表示消息在整个小镇迅速传开,符合消息传播到小镇各个地方的语境。 D 选项:“around” 表示 “在…… 周围”,“around the small town” 意思是在小镇周边,并非在小镇内部各处,与消息在小镇内广泛传播的意思不符。
要点 23. duty
“duty” 常见用法如下:
作可数名词,意为 “职责;义务;责任”:例如:
It's our duty to protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任。
Teachers have a duty to educate students.教师有教育学生的职责。
作不可数名词,意为 “值班;上班”:常用于短语 “on duty” 值班;上班 和 “off duty” 下班中。例如:
The nurse is on duty tonight. 这位护士今晚值班。
I‘m off duty now. Let’s go shopping. 我现在下班了。咱们去购物吧。
【典例分析】
1.It's our ______ to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
A. job B. work C. duty D. task
【答案】C
【解析】 A 选项:“job” 通常指具体的一份工作,强调职业,如 “He has a good job in a bank.(他在银行有份好工作)”,与 “保持教室整洁” 所表达的 “责任” 概念不符。
B 选项:“work” 不可数名词,泛指工作,侧重于工作的量或内容,如 “I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做)”,这里强调的是责任,并非工作内容,所以不选。
C 选项:“duty” 意为 “责任;义务”,“It's our duty to...” 是常见句型,表示 “做…… 是我们的责任”,符合 “保持教室整洁是我们的责任” 这一语境。
D 选项:“task” 指具体的任务,通常有明确的目标和要求,如 “finish the task on time(按时完成任务)”,这里强调的是一种责任,并非具体的任务,所以该选项不合适。
2. As a monitor, Tom is always on ______ to help his classmates.
A. duty B. business C. trip D. holiday
【答案】A
【解析】 A 选项:“on duty” 是固定短语,意为 “值班;值日”,作为班长,汤姆总是在履行帮助同学的职责,“on duty” 符合语境。 B 选项:“on business” 表示 “出差”,如 “He is on business in Shanghai.(他在上海出差)”,与汤姆作为班长帮助同学的情景不相关。 C 选项:“on a trip” 表示 “在旅行”,如 “We are on a trip to Beijing.(我们正在北京旅行)”,不符合题意。 D 选项:“on holiday” 表示 “在度假”,如 “They are on holiday in the countryside.(他们正在乡下度假)”,与句子描述的场景不符。
3. The police officer is doing his ______ to protect the public.
A. duty B. favor C. kindness D. service
【答案】A
【解析】 A 选项:“do one's duty” 是固定搭配,意为 “尽某人的职责”,警察保护公众是在履行职责,“doing his duty” 符合语境。 B 选项:“do sb. a favor” 表示 “帮某人一个忙”,如 “Can you do me a favor (你能帮我个忙吗?)”,与警察履行职责的语境不符。 C 选项:“kindness” 意为 “善良;好意”,“do his kindness” 这种表达不存在,不符合语法。 D 选项:“service” 表示 “服务”,“do his service” 不是常见表达,且不能准确表达警察履行职责这一含义,故不选。
要点 24.make up 编造(故事、谎言等)
make up意为"编造(故事、谎言等)",此处 be made up是被动语态,意为"被编造"。
The story is made up. 这个故事是虚构的。
【知识拓展】
make up除了有"编造"的意思外,还有以下含义: (1)make sb./oneself up意为"给某人/自己化妆 " She makes herself up every morning. 她每天早上都给自己化妆。 (2)构成,组成 Girl students make up only 40% of the students. 女生仅占(全部)学生的40%。 (3)和好,言归于好 He usually makes up with his wife the same day. 他和他妻子(吵架)通常当天言归于好。
【典例分析】
1. Mrs. Wang always asks us to ________ conversations in the English classes.
A. make up B. turn up C. end up D. look up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:张老师总是在英语课堂上让我们编对话。
考查动词短语。make up编造;turn up 开大;end up 结束;look up查找。根据常识可知“张老师总是在英语课堂上让我们编对话。”故选A。
2.Tony couldn't find a good excuse (理由) for being late,so he ________ one ________.
A.put,up B.made,up C.picked,up D.dressed,up
【答案】B
【解析】
B 本题考查动词短语辨析。题意:托尼找不到迟到的好理由了,所以他编造了一个。put up 挂起来,举起;make up编造;pick up捡起,去接某人;dress up打扮。根据常识可知,撒谎的人通常是编造理由。故选B。
要点25 make sure
make sure确保;查明
【观察】Just make sure that you’ve finished all the projects.
只要确保你已经完成了所有的项目。
【探究】make sure后可以跟that引导的宾语从句,且引导词that可以省略。该短语中sure是形容词,意为“确信的;有把握的”。
【拓展】be sure about确信;对……有把握。
I think the answer is right, but I’m not sure about it.
我认为这个答案是正确的,但是我没有把握。
【典例分析】
1. They are all sure _________________ winning the football match.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
【答案】A句意:他们对赢得这场足球赛都很确信。考查be sure的短语搭配辨析。be sure about / ( of )……(名词/ doing sth):对……确信,有把握;be sure to do sth:一定,务必,确信去坐某事。根据winning he football match为动名词短语。故选A。
2.我确信他会来。
I___________ __________ ___________ his coming.
【答案】am sure of. be sure about / ( of )……(名词/ doing sth):对……确信,有把握
3.我妈妈想让我成为一名小提琴手,但我不确定。
My mother wants me          a violinist, but I’m not         that.
【答案】to be; sure about
4. Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to ________ there are no mistakes.
A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. agree with
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:李明很认真,他总是检查他的习题以确保没有错误。make sure意为:确保;务必;find out意为:发现;弄清楚;think of意为:想起;认为;agree with意为:同意。根据he always looks over his exercises(他总是检查他的练习)可知,反复检查是为了确保没有错误,故选A。
5.— Where are you going to work
— ________. Maybe in Qingdao.
A. Yes, please B. Don't worry C. I'm not sure D. Good idea
【答案】 C
【解析】——你打算去那儿工作?——我不确定。也许在青岛 。A Yes, please,是的,请;B Don't worry,别担心;C I'm not sure,我不确定; D Good idea,好主意。根据 Maybe in Qingdao 可知还不确定, 故选C。
名词的数量
1. 我们可以用a lot of, a little, a few, many, much 以及no 来谈论名词的数量。具体来说:
(1)a few 意为“几个;一些”,many 意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰可数名词。
(2)a little 意为 “一点儿;少量”,much意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰不可数名词。
(3)few, little意为“很少的;几乎没有的”,具有否定意义,分别修饰可数名词与不可数名词
(4)a lot of/lots of和no都可用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词,分别表示“许多”和“没有”
(5)我们还可以用too much, too many, too little, too few和(not) enough等来谈论名词的数量。
2. 在对数量提问时,用“How many+可数名词的复数形式”或“How much+不可数名词
辨析:a few & few & a little & little(高频考题)
a few “一些;几个”,修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定意义。 There are a few apples in the box.盒子里有几个苹果。 There are few apples in the box. 盒子里没几个苹果。
few “几个;很少”,修饰可数名词复数,表示否定意义。
a little “一点;一些”,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定意义。 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass.杯子里几乎没有水。
little “一点;很少”,修饰不可数名词,表示否定意义。
【典例分析】
一、选用few a few little a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
【答案】little。句意:请快点。剩下的时间不多了。Time 不可数名词。little 表示:几乎没有。little符合题意。
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
【答案】a little 句意:请不要担心。还有一点时间。a little表示:有一点。
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
【答案】few 句意:这个箱子很重。很少有人能举起它。few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词。
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
【答案】little a little 句意:我的钢笔里没有墨水,请给我一点。
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
【答案】few 句意:西蒙在班上很少交朋友,因为他非常自私和不诚实。few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词。
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
【答案】little 句意:碗橱里几乎没有食物。我得去拿点。Little 几乎没有。符合题意。
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
【答案】few 句意:这个问题很难,几乎没有学生能回答。few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词。
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
【答案】a few 句意:这个问题很难,但有几个学生能回答。A few 有几个。
9.You should walk __________faster.
【答案】a little. a little也可以用作副词,修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语.其它几个词都没有这种用法。
10 There are a lot of new books, but____________ of them are easy to read.
【答案】few 。有很多新书,但是没几本容易读懂。
二、单项选择
11. Mike did very well in this math exam and he made ______ mistakes in it.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
【答案】B
【解析】句意:马克在数学考试中做得很好,他很少犯错误。
A. little很少;修饰不可数名词;表示否定意义;B. few很少;修饰可数名词的复数,表示否定意义;C. a little一些,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定意义;D. a few一些,修饰可数名词 的复数,表示肯定意义。这里mistakes是可数名词的复数,这里表示否定意义,根据题意,故选B。
12. —Hurry up! The movie is beginning.
—Don’t worry. There is still ______ time left
A. little B. a little C. a few D. few
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——快点!这部电影快开始了。——不要担心。仍然有一点儿时间剩下。
little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一点,修饰不可数名词;a few一些,修饰可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词。根据Don't worry.可知不要担心,还有一些时间,修饰不可数名词time,故用a little。故选B。
13.—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know. I have ________ information about him because we haven't seen each other for _______ years.
A.a little;a few   B.little;a few C.a few;a little D.few;a little
【答案】B
【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。题眼information是不可数名词,years是可数名词,排除C和D两项;又根据句意“你的朋友Michael还在澳大利亚吗?”“我不知道,对于他我了解的信息很少,因为我们几年没见面了。”可知第一个空表示否定概念,应用little修饰;第二个空表示肯定的概念应用a few修饰。故选B。
14.The man has _______ friends in this city,so he often stays at home.
A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
【答案】B
【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。根据题眼可数名词friends可排除C和D两项;又根据后半句句意“因此他经常呆在家里”可推断出:这个男人在这个城市中几乎没有朋友。故选B。
辨析too many, too much和 much too
too many 意为“太多”,修饰可数名词复数
例:There are too many people here.
too much 意为“太多”,修饰不可数名词和动词
例:Too much work is bad for you.
much too 意为“实在太...”,修饰形容词或副词
例:His new car was much too expensive.
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
【答案】1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
【答案】 A
【解析】homework 为不可数名词,此处意为“太多”,用 too much 修饰。
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many;much too B. too much;too many
C. too much;much too D. much too;too much
【答案】C
【解析】修饰不可数名词snow要用too much;修饰形容词cold要用much too。故选C。
5. The boy was ______ hungry and he ate _______ bread
A. too much; too much B. too much; much too
C. much too; too much D. much too; much too
【答案】C
【解析】句意:那个男孩太饿了,他吃了太多的面包。too much 表示太多,修饰不可数名词;much too太,修饰形容词或副词,第一个空是修饰形容词用much too,第二个空是修饰不可数名词bread,用too much。根据题意,故选C。
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. There______ too_________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon.
A. is; much B. was; many C. was; much D. is; many
【答案】C
【解析】句意:云中的水太多了,很快就开始下雨了。Water 不可数名词。从后一句可知要用一般过去时。
2. We'll try our best to do the work with _______money and ________ people.
A. few; little B. a few; a little C. less; fewer D. fewer; less
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们会尽量用更少的钱和更少的人来做这项工作。few修饰可数名词,其比较级为fewer。People可数名词。little修饰不可数名词,其比较级为less 。Money 不可数名词。
3. Don't spend______ time on computer games.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
【答案】A
【解析】A. too much 修饰不可数名词。太多。 B. much too 修饰形容词。 C. too many 太多。修饰可数名词。Time不可数名词,故答案选A
4. Paul has___ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.
A. many B. some C. more D. few
【答案】D
【解析】根据句意:Paul 有时感到孤独。说明Paul几乎没有朋友。Few表示几乎没有。故答案选D
5. --Shall we leave now
--Don't hurry. We still have___ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
【答案】B
【解析】a little和little修饰不可数名词.a few和few修饰可数名词;a little和a few表示肯定,little和few表示否定;不着急,我还有点时间剩下。表示肯定故选B。
6. --Shall we leave now
--Hurry up! We have________ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
【答案】A
【解析】a little和little修饰不可数名词.a few和few修饰可数名词;a little和a few表示肯定,little和few表示否定;句意:快点!说明没时间剩下。故用否定。Little。表示几乎没有。故选A。
二、选用适当形式填空
1. —Did you buy ___________(many, some) books
—Yes. They were so heavy that I had to find somebody to help me carry them.
2. —Did you buy ____________(too much, too many)food
—Yes. We couldn’t eat it up.
3. My uncle drinks ______(a lot of, a little) tea every day. He really likes it.
4. There is _________ (little, few, a little, a few)milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
5. We have __________(too few, too little)cups. There are ten children coming but we have only 8 cups.
6. —I want to wash my hair. Is there ______(any, some)shampoo
—Yes, there is still ______(any, some)in the bottle.
7. You bought __________ (too many, some)apples. We just need two.
8. —Can you speak English
—Yes. But just __________(a little, little).
【答案】1.many 2.too much 3.a lot of 4.little 5.too few 6.any 7.too many 8.a littl
【话题分析】
话题分析(节约用水)
  本单元谈论水就是生命,从reading水的旅程(如何形成)到listening水是我们星球的构成也是我们生命体的构成说明水的重要性,speaking谈及水的使用方式及节约用水,写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标,如何节约用水我们以这种形式来完成作文。先列写作提纲。
写作提纲:
第一步,总的阐述水的重要性;
第二步,介绍用水方面的一些问题;
第三步,介绍节约用水的一些方法;
第四步,呼吁大家节约用水。
写作步骤:
开头可以用一个引人入胜的句子来引起读者对水的重要性的关注,比如:"Water is the source of life. But nowadays, the problem of water waste is becoming more and more serious."
接着描述水资源浪费的现象,比如:"People often leave the tap running when brushing teeth. Some factories pour untreated wastewater into rivers."
然后详细列出节约用水的方法,如:"We can take shorter showers. We should fix leaky taps in time. Reuse water for watering plants."
结尾部分强烈呼吁大家行动起来:"Let's save water together and protect our precious water resources!"
【短语积累】
1.节水方法 ways to save water
2.淋浴 take a shower
3.代替 instead of
4.盆浴 take a bath
5.水循环 water cycle
6.关掉 turn off
7.冷却 cool down
8.产生很大影响 make a big difference
9.在…… 中起重要作用 play a big role in
10.组成;构成 make up
【句式积累】
水的重要性
1.水覆盖了地球表面的70%,但只有0.5%的水是可饮用的。在许多地方,清洁安全的饮用水并不容易找到。所以我们应该明智地用水。
Water covers About 70% of the earth‘s surface .but only 0.5% of water is drinkable. And in many places, clean and safe drinking water is not easy to find. So we should use water wisely.
2.水对所有生物都是必不可少的。地球上的所有生物都需要水才能生存。
Water is essential for all living things. All creatures on the earth need water to survive.
3.人体的大部分是水。人们可以在没有食物的情况下存活数周,但在没有水的情况下只能存活几天。
Most of the human body is water. People can live for several weeks without food, but only for a few days without water.
4.地球上大部分的水是海水,海水里有太多的盐,不能直接饮用;只有少量淡水可供饮用。
However, most of the water on Earth is sea water. We cannot drink it because there is too much salt in it. Only a little water is fresh and drinkable. So it is important for us to save water.
5.众所周知, 植物需要水。她有助于他们生长是我们地球变得绿色美丽。
As we all know, plants need water. It helps them grow and makes the earth green and beautiful.
节约用水的方法
1.我们刷牙时应该关掉水龙头
We should turn off the tap when we brush our teeth.
2.我们应该保持水源清洁。我们不能把脏的或有害的东西扔进水里。
We should keep the water sources clean. We mustn’t throw dirty or harmful things into water.
3.洗完蔬菜后,我们可以用用过的水或雨水给植物浇水。
After we wash vegetables, we can water plants with the used water or rainwater.
4.我们最好淋浴,而不是盆浴。
We had better have a short shower instead of a bath.
5.我们应该修理/报告滴水的水龙头。我们应该及时关掉水龙头
We should fix / report dripping taps. We should turn off the tap in time
呼吁大家节约用水
1.让我们节约用水,保护我们宝贵的水资源。如果每个人都做一点,我们就能有所作为。
Let's save water and protect our precious water resources. If everyone does a little, we can make a big difference.
2.如果我们为保护水做贡献,世界将变得越来越好。
If we make a contribution to protecting the water, the world will be better and better.
3.水对我们来说非常宝贵。让我们共同努力,有所作为。
Water is so valuable for us. Let’s work together to make a difference.
4.三月22日是世界节水日。我们应该让每个人都珍惜水,提高节水意识。节约用水,从我做起
March 22nd is World Water Saving Day. We should make everyone value water and raise their awareness of water saving. Save water, start with me
关于水的谚语
1.We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. 井干方知水珍贵。
2.Water is the driving force of all nature. 水是大自然的推动力
3.Every drop in the ocean counts. 海洋中的每滴水都弥足珍贵。
【实战演练】
世界水日(World Water Day)为每年的3月22日,宗旨是唤起公众的节水意识,加强水资源保护。每年的“世界水日”,各个国家地区都会举办一些关于“水资源”的宣传活动,以提高公众节水的意识。假设你是李华,请你为学校的宣传周活动写一篇倡议书。要求:80词,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
内容提示:
1. 生活中离不开水。
2. 水宝贵及其原因。
3. 节约用水的方法。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear students,
World Water Day falls on March 22nd every year. Its aim is to raise public awareness of saving water and protect water resources. Water is very important in our daily life. We use water to drink, cook, wash clothes and clean the house. Without water, our life will be in trouble. Water is precious because it is limited. Although 70% of the Earth is covered with water, but only 0.5% of water is drinkable. And in many places, clean and safe drinking water is not easy to find. So we should use water wisely.
Then, how can we save water Firstly, don’t leave the water running when washing face or brushing teeth. Secondly, try to reuse water. For example, we can use water from washing vegetables to water flowers. Thirdly, it is also a way to take a shower instead of taking a bath.
Let’s save water together from now on!
Li Hua
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)/ 让教学更有效 高效备课备考 | 英语学科
Unit 5 Water is life
单元小结
学习目标:本单元谈论水的旅行及重要用途。能掌握描述水的单词及句式,能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标:学习表达名词数量用法。
听说目标:能听懂并介绍水的小短文。
写作目标:写一篇节约用水的提示。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 on的用法 练习
要点2 Cool/cool down的用法 练习
要点3 eventually的用法 练习
要点4 drop的用法 练习
要点5a bit 和 a little的用法 练习
要点6 journey的用法 练习
要点7 voice的用法 练习
要点8 at the end of的用法 练习
要点9 remember的用法 练习
要点10 add的用法 练习
要点11 population的用法 练习
要点12 every day/everyday的用法 练习
要点13 trade的用法 练习
要点14 play a big role in 的用法 练习
要点15. power的用法 练习
要点16.ship的用法 练习
要点17 goods的用法 练习
要点18 overseas的用法 练习
要点19 as a result的用法 练习
要点20 by用法 练习
要点21 nearly的用法 练习
要点22 Throughout的用法 练习
要点23 duty用法 练习
要点24 make up的用法 练习
要点25 make sure的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 名词的数量 19
高频考题few,a few,little,a little辨异 20
高频考题too many,too much,much too辨异 21
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 22
要点2 词汇短语积累 23
要点3句式积累 24
要点4实战演练 24
【重点短语】
1.节水方法 ways to save water
2.淋浴 take a shower
3.代替 instead of
4.盆浴 take a bath
5.水循环 water cycle
6.关掉 turn off
7.环顾四周 look around
8.冷却 cool down
9.最终处于 end up
10.向…… 添加…… add...to...
11.… 的结尾 / 尽 the end of
12.再一次 one more time
13.立刻,马上 at once
14.寻找 search for
15.把…… 运输到… transport...to...
16.产生很大影响 make a big difference
17.在…… 中起重要作用 play a big role in
18.将货物运往海外 ship goods overseas
19.结果 as a result
20.纵观历史 throughout history
21.确保 make sure
22.组成;构成 make up
23.保持健康 stay healthy
24.事实上 in fact
【重点句式】
1. Du Yun turned the tap off and looked around, but there was no one there.
杜云关了水龙头,四下张望,但并没有人。
2. Do you know where I come from 你知道我来自哪里吗?
3. I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我落入一条河里,最终到了一个水库里。
4. Remember not to waste or pollute me.记得不要浪费或污染我。
5. We need to drink enough water every day to stay healthy.我们每天需要喝足够 的水来保持健康。
6. Water is not only essential for life, but is also important for human society.
水不但对生命至关重要,也对人类社会非常重要。
7. We use water for all kinds of things in everyday life, and we also need it for agriculture and for trade.
我们在日常生活中的各个方面都要使用水,我们在农业和贸易方面也需要水。
8. Water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution. 水在工业革命中扮演了重要角色。
9. There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me
那里的人给我清理了身体,并给我加了一些化学物质
10.Most of the human body is water. People can live for several weeks without food, but only for a few days without water.
人体的大部分是水。人们可以在没有食物的情况下存活数周,但在没有水的情况下只能存活几天。
【精讲精练】
要点 1 on
The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
The TV is on. 电视机开着。
on 表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中
off 表示不在工作状态或使用中
Don’t keep the lights on all the time. 不要一直开着灯。
The fan is off. 风扇关着。
【典例分析】
1.Don't leave the lights________ in your room. It's too dark to see anything clearly.
A. on B. off C.in D. up
要点 2. Cool
Cool的用法。
形容词
1.表示凉爽的:用于描述天气、物体等的温度让人感觉舒适。
It's a cool evening.这是个凉爽的夜晚。
The room is cool with the window open.窗户开着,房间里很凉爽。
2.表示酷的、时髦的:常用来形容人、事物或行为很有吸引力、令人钦佩。
Your new sneakers are really cool.你的新运动鞋真酷。
She has a cool sense of style.她的时尚品味很酷。
3.表示冷静的:描述人在面对压力、困难或突发情况时能保持镇定。
He remained cool in the face of danger.他在危险面前保持冷静。
You should stay cool when solving problems.解决问题时你应该保持冷静。
动词
表示使变凉、冷却;使冷静:
Cool the pie in the fridge for an hour.把馅饼放在冰箱里冷却一小时。
He tried to cool himself down with a fan.他试图用扇子让自己凉快些。
名词
表示凉气、凉快的地方;冷静:
Let's go inside and enjoy the cool.我们进去享受一下凉爽吧。
词组 “cool down”
1. (使)冷却
The soup is too hot. Let it cool down for a while.汤太烫了,让它冷却一会儿。
2. (使)平静下来、冷静下来
He was very angry, but after a while he cooled down.
他当时非常生气,但过了一会儿就冷静下来了。
【典例分析】
1.— Your new bike looks so ______. Where did you buy it
— I bought it in the supermarket near my home.
A. cool B. bad C. old D. dirty
2. The ______ wind made the leaves on the trees dance.
A. warm B. hot C. cool D. strong
3. Let's open the window to ______ the room. It's too hot in here.
A. heat B. cool C. warm D. clean
4.After running, you should ______ down before taking a shower.
A. cool down B. calm down C. put down D. lie down
要点 3. eventually
“eventually” 是一个副词,意思是 “最终;最后”,通常用于描述在较长时间后事情的最终发展情况或结果.
Eventually, they found a solution to the problem.
最终,他们找到了解决问题的办法。
He eventually realized his mistake.他最终意识到了自己的错误。
The team will eventually win the championship if they keep working hard.如果这支队伍继续努力,他们最终会赢得冠军。
1.Finally
同样表示 “最后;终于”,带有一种经过一番等待或努力后达成结果的意味,更强调顺序上的最后。
Finally, we reached the top of the mountain.最后,我们到达了山顶。
She finally finished her homework.她终于完成了作业。
2. at last
强调经过长时间的等待、困难或努力之后的结果,带有一种如释重负的情感。通常放在句首或句末。
At last, the long - awaited holiday began.最后,期待已久的假期开始了。
They got married at last.他们最终结婚了。
3. in the end
强调经过一系列的变化、决策或努力后,事情达到的最终状态,可用于预测或回顾事情的发展。
In the end, he decided to change his job.最后,他决定换工作。
We won the game in the end. 最后我们赢得了比赛。
【典例分析】
1.After months of hard work and practice, the young athlete ______ won the gold medal at the championship.
A. eventually B. accidentally C. frequently D. suddenly
2.After months of hard work and countless setbacks, the team ______ achieved their goal of winning the championship.
A. gradually B. finally C. eventually D. lately
要点 4 drop
作动词:
1.意为 “落下;掉下”:使落下;投下”:
Be careful not to drop the glass.小心别把玻璃杯掉了。
The pilot dropped the bombs.飞行员投下了炸弹。
2.“降低;减少”:The temperature is dropping.温度在下降。
3.“放弃;停止”:You should drop that bad habit.你应该改掉那个坏习惯。
作名词:
表示 “滴;水珠”:
A drop of rain fell on my nose. 一滴雨落在了我的鼻子上。
drop, fall与sink辨异
(1)drop指物体从一定高度落下。
The fruit dropped from the tree. 果实从树上落下。
(2)fall与drop同义,指突然或猛烈地降落,但fall可指任何下落,同高度或形式无关。
If I fall down, what should I do 如果我摔倒了,我该怎么办?
(3)sink指在空气或水中垂直下降、下沉。
【典例分析】
1、我感到有两滴雨落在了我的脸颊上。
I felt _________ _________ _________ rain _________ on my face
2、桌上有一滴水。
There is________ _________ _________ _________ on the table.
3、雨从云层里滴落下来。
Rain ________ _________ from clouds.
4.The old man accidentally ______ his glasses and broke them.
A. dropped B. fell C. declined D. lowered
要点5
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
二者的主要用法如下:
1. a bit 和 a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、 副词及其比较级, 可以换用, 表示“一点儿”。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little loudly so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演讲者把嗓音提高一点,以便使别人听得清楚。
a bit 和 a little都作“稍微;一点儿”
2. a little可以直接作定语修饰名词, 而a bit则要在后面加of 构成短语才能作定语, 两者都只能修饰不可数名词。
There’s only a little / a bit of food left for lunch.
午餐只剩一点儿食品了
【典例分析】
1. The new student is ______ shy.
A. a little bit B. little C. a bit of D. bit
用a little, a bit或a bit of填空. (1-3题)
2.He feels ________________ better today.
3.She is ________________ tired.
4.There is ________________ milk in the bottle.
5. His younger brother feels _____________ better today.
A. more B. a bit of C. a little D. too
6. There is ____________ water in the bottle. You can drink it.
A. a bit B. little C. a bit of D. a little of
要点 6:journey
journey n.旅行;旅程
【辨析】journey, trip, travel与tour
(1)journey 为普通用语,指陆地上的远程旅行。
(2)trip 指有特定目的的短距离旅行,强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。
(3)travel 惯用复数形式,泛指到各地旅行,表示旅行的路途远、时间长。
(4)tour 指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。
【典例分析】
用journey, trip, travel或tour填空
1. At first I was afraid the long ___________ would be too much for her.
2. We went on a guided ___________ of Italy that included stops at Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.
3. I go to work by train, and the ___________ takes me 40 minutes.
4. The ___________ of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.
5.The ______ through life is full of ups and downs, but it's the experiences that shape who we are.
A. journey B. travel C. trip D. path
要点7:voice
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
noise 表示让人感觉不舒服的声音,一般指噪音 Don’t make any noise in class.课堂上不要制造噪音。
voice 表示优美的声音,也可以表示音量。 一般指人的声音 She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副优美的嗓音。
sound “声音”,“响声”讲时,可以指人或动物发出的声音,或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说,大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound,该词还可以用作感官动词,意思是“听起来”。 You can hear all kinds of sounds in the city. 在城市你能听到各种声音。 This music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很优美。
There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
教室外面一片嘈杂声,物理老师只得提高了声音说:“光的传播速度比声音快得多。”
【典例分析】
1.The music made me think of the ________ of a running stream.
A.shout  B.noise C.voice  D.sound
2. Don’t make so much _______. My baby is sleeping.
A. voice  B. sound  C. noise  D. choice
3.用noise sound 和voice填空。
1.Don’t make any _________!
2.At midnight he heard a strange __________
3.The girl has a beautiful __________.
4.They are talking in low ___________
5.I heard the__________ of running water
6.The children often get _________(noise) in the classroom after class.
要点 8 at the end of
“at the end of” 意思是 “在…… 末尾;在…… 尽头”,后面可接时间或地点名词。
接时间名词:
At the end of last month, we had a big party. 上个月底,我们举办了一场盛大的派对。
I will finish my project at the end of this year. 我将在今年年底完成我的项目。接地点名词:
There is a small shop at the end of the street. 在街道的尽头有一家小商店
辨析at the end of, in the end和by the end of
短语 用法 例句
at the end of 意为“在……的结尾;在……的末端”,后面常常跟表示时间、地点的名词。 Go along the road, and you'll see the school at the end of it. 沿着这条路走,你将在路的尽头看到那所学校。
in the end 意为“最后;最终”,指时间,相当于at last或finally。 He worked out the problem in the end 他最终解决了这个难题。
by the end of 意为“到……为止”,其后常跟表示时间的词,常用于完成时态。 I will have been in the company for two years by the end of this year. 到今年年底,我就在这个公司呆了两年了。  
【典例分析】
1.史密斯先生的家在这条路的尽头。
Are there any exams ___________ this term
2.这个学期期末有考试吗?
My room is ______________ the corridor.
3.到本学期末为止,我已经学了2000个英语单词。
__________________ this term, we_____________ 2000 English words.
4.他终走到达这条街道的尽头。
__________, he reached_________________ the street.
4. We usually have a final exam ______________________ June every year.
A. in the end of B. at the end of C. by the end of D. to the end of
5.__________, He succeeded in getting the job.
A.in the end B.at the end of C.by the end of D.to the end
要点9 remember
remember作动词,意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如:
Please remember his name. 请记得他的名字。
【拓展】
(1)remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”,事情还没有做。例如:
Remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时记得关灯。
(2)remember doing sth.表示“记得曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过了。例如:
He remembered going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old.
他记得五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
3.—Do you still remember ________ Yao Ming in Beijing
—Yes, of course, three years ago.
A. to meet B. meeting C. meet D. met
4 —Will she forget ______ dinner for us —No, she won’t.
A.cooks B.to cook C.cooking D.cooked
5 —Why do you mention this again
—Oh, dear, I forgot ______ you about that before.
A.telling B.told C.to tell D.to telling
要点10 add
add作动词,意为“加,增加”,常用以下结构:
(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如:
  Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。
(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:
Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.
参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。
(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如:
  Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me.
  把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。
(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:
All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.
【典例分析】
1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。
________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.
2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste better
A. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds
3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.
A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to
4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.
A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/
要点11 population
population n.人口
对人口数量提问用what或how large 而不能使用how many/much
What’s the population of this city 这座城市的人口是多少?
(1)population常与定冠词the连用,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
(2) 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
(3)The population of+ 某地+ be+ 数词= 某地+has a population of+ 数词
(4) 表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“much”或“little”,而要用“large”或“small”。
【典例分析】
1._____ the population of China
A.How many is B.How much is C.How many are D.What’s
2. The population of China is __________than that of Japan.
A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. less
要点 12.
“everyday” 是形容词,意为 “每日的;日常的”.
I wear my everyday clothes to school.我穿着日常的衣服去上学。
Cooking is an everyday task for my mother. 做饭是我妈妈每天的日常任务。everyday 与 every day 的区别
“every day” 是副词短语,用来表示动作发生的频率,意思是 “每天” 。而 “everyday” 是形容词,修饰名词。例如:
I read books every day.我每天读书。在句中作状语。
This is my everyday book.这是我日常看的书
daily 作为形容词,意为“每天的;天天的”。作为名词,意为“日报”。 The library is open daily. 图书馆每天都开放。 The young man reads China Daily every day. 年青人每天都读<<中国日报>>。
everyday 作为形容词,意为“每天的;日常的”,只能够作定语。 Doing exercise is important in my everyday life. 锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
every day 作为副词短语,意为“每天”,在句子作时间状语。 I do some reading every day. 我每天都做阅读。
【典例分析】
1,他每天练习英语日常用语。
He practises _________ English _________.
2. 每天锻炼在我的日常生活中很重要。
Doing exercise __________is important in my __________ life.
3. There is a supermarket for people to buy ____ things in the small village.
A. lively B. daily C. silly D. weekly
4..She enjoys reading an ______ newspaper to stay updated with the latest news.
A. everyday B. every day C. daily D. ordinary
要点 13.
“trade” 常见词性为名词和动词
名词用法:意为 “贸易;交易;行业”。
The two companies made a trade. 这两家公司做了一笔交易。
He works in the building trade. 他在建筑行业工作
动词用法:意为 “做买卖;从事贸易;交换”。
Local farmers trade at the market every week.
当地农民每周在集市上做买卖。
Can I trade my apple for your orange 我能用我的苹果换你的橙子吗?
【典例分析】
1.The two countries have decided to increase _____ with each other, aiming to boost their economic development.
A. trade B. business C. commerce D. deal
2.The ancient Silk Road was an important route for cultural exchange as well as ____ between the East and the West.
A. trade B. traffic C. communication D. transportation
要点 14. play a big role in
“play a big role in” 意思是 “在 中扮演重要角色 / 起重要作用”
Trees play a big role in keeping the air clean.
树木在保持空气清洁方面起着重要作用。
Parents play a big role in their children's growth.
父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演着重要角色。
Education plays a big role in shaping a person's future.
教育在塑造一个人的未来中起着重要作用。
【典例分析】
1. Weather plays an important role ________ farming.
A. at B. in C. to D. of
2. The dragon ________ an important role in Chinese festivals
A. takes B. plays C. has D. act
3. Everyone in our class should ________ keeping the classroom clean.
A. make sure B. play a role in C. be ready to D. make up
4. Everyone should _______ protecting the environment.
A. bring in B. play a role in C. take in D. arrive in
要点 15.power
动词:意为 “驱动;推动,给…动力”。
The engine powers the car. 发动机驱动汽车。
名词:
power n. 能;能量。如:
water power 水力 solar power太阳能
power n.力量、能力或权力
She has the power to influence people.她有影响他人的能力。
He has power over his employees.他对员工有控制权。
【同根词】
(1)powerful adj. 强大的
He is a powerful man. 他是个强人。
(2)powerless adj. 无力量的
I am powerless to stop pollution on my own. 我无力独自阻止污染。
【辨析】power 与 energy
power指力量、功率、电力或权利;energy指精力、能量。
May the Sun bring you new energy. 愿太阳带给你新的能量。
【典例分析】
1.Knowledge is __________. 知识就是力量
2.You have lots of ____________ (power) tools.
3. Wind p_________ is used in many ways now.
4. -Is it true that some colors can make us feel relaxed
-Yes. Colors do have the_______ to change our feelings and moods.
A. secret B. idea C. power D. experience
5. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ________.
A. power B. force C. energy D. strength
6.The new engine ______ the car to reach a top speed of 200 miles per hour.
A. powers B. forces C. drives D. makes
7.Solar panels are used to ______ the house with electricity.
A. power B. supply C. provide D. equip
要点 16. Ship
作名词:意为 “船;舰”
The ship is sailing on the sea.这艘船正在海上航行。
Many goods are transported by ship.许多货物通过船只运输。
作动词:表示 “用船运;运输;运送”强调通过船这种交通工具运输货物等,也可指通过其他方式运输。
They will ship the goods to China.他们将把货物运往中国。
The company ships its products all over the world.
这家公司将其产品运往世界各地。
表示 “上市;把…… 推向市场”:常用于商业领域,推出新产品等。
The new model will be shipped next month.这款新模型将于下个月上市。
【典例分析】
1.The company will ______ the goods to your address by the end of this week.
A. ship B. send C. deliver D. transport
2.The factory will ______ the toys to different countries next month.
A. ship B. take C. bring D. carry
3.Many people like to watch the big ______ go in and out of the harbor.
A. ships B. buses C. bikes D. trains
要点 17. goods
“goods” 名词,意思是 “商品;货物” ,没有单数形式,常以复数形式出现。
These goods are very popular.这些商品很受欢迎。
The store sells a wide variety of goods. 这家商店出售各种各样的商品
【典例分析】
1.The company is responsible for delivering the ______ to the customers on time.
A. goods B. stuff C. things D. items
2.The store is having a big sale. All the ______ are at very low prices.
A. goods B. fruits C. books D. clothes
3.My father works in a factory that produces ______ for export.
A. goods B. toys C. food D. drinks
要点 18. Overseas
1.作形容词:意为 “海外的;国外的”,常放在名词前作定语。
Overseas students often face cultural differences.
海外学生经常面临文化差异。
2.作副词:意为 “在海外;在国外”,在句中作状语,修饰动词。
He went overseas to pursue his dreams.他去海外追寻他的梦想。
【典例分析】
1.The shop sells many products made ______. They are very popular among local people.
A. overseas B. inside C. near D. around
2.The government encourages ______ students to return home and contribute to the country.
A.overseas B. foreign C. international D.global
要点 19. as a result
as a result的意思是 “结果;因此”,在句中作状语,通常用于引出一个事件所导致的结果,它后面一般接句子。
He didn't work hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
他学习不努力,结果考试不及格。
She got up late. As a result, she missed the early bus.
她起床晚了。结果,她错过了早班车。
as a result of:意为 “由于;因为”相当于“thanks to ” “because of”
As a result of the heavy rain, the football match was put off.
由于大雨,足球比赛被推迟了。
As a result of his carelessness, he lost his wallet.
由于他的粗心,他丢了钱包。
【典例分析】
1.He was late________ the snow.
A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of
2.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.
A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of
3.Six people were dead the accident.
A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of
5.用result构成的常用短语填空。(不限字数)
1)她因天气寒冷而生病。
She was ill ___________ the cold weather.
2)许多竹林遭到砍伐,其结果是,越来越多的野生大熊猫失去了它们的家园。
Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.
3) 由于污染,该地区的居民很容易生病。
People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.
要点 20.
by 常见的基本用法及例句如下:
1.表示方式、手段,意为 “通过;用;以”:
I go to school by bus. 我乘公交车去上学。
We learn English by listening to tapes. 我们通过听磁带学英语。
2.表示时间,意为 “不迟于;在…… 之前” “到….. 为止”
I must finish my homework by 9 o'clock.我必须在 9 点前完成作业。
3.表示靠近、在…… 旁边:
The boy is standing by the window.那个男孩正站在窗户旁边。
4.用于被动语态,引出动作的执行者:
The book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1)There is a house by the river.
2)An old friend passed by me without stopping.
3)You must finish this work by Friday
4)I learn English by listening to the radio.
5)The cake was eaten by that little boy
2.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.
A. on B. for C.by D. with
3.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister
—I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.
on B. for C.by D. with
4.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel  the window.
A. for B. on C.by D. with
5. Smartphones  Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in
6.You have to get home 10 o'clock.
A. with B.in C. on D.by
要点 21. nearly
“nearly” 和 “almost” 都有 “几乎;差不多” 的意思,用法和区别如下:
nearly:
常与数字连用,表示接近某个数量。例如:
Nearly 200 people came to the party.将近 200 人来参加聚会。
可修饰形容词、副词、动词等。例如:
I'm nearly ready.我差不多准备好了。
almost:
同样可修饰形容词、副词、动词等。例如:
He almost fell. 他几乎摔倒了。
还可用于修饰 no, none, nothing, never 等词,表示 “几乎没有;几乎从不”。例如:Almost no one believed him. 几乎没有人相信他。
区别:
与数字连用时:nearly 更常见,almost 相对少用。
修饰词不同:almost 可与 no, none, nothing, never 等词连用,nearly 一般不这样用。比如我们可以说 almost no time,但不说 nearly no time 。
语气程度:almost 比 nearly 所表达的意思更接近 “完全”,语气稍强一点。例如:
It‘s almost dark.天几乎全黑了。比 It’s nearly dark. 天差不多黑了。
更强调接近全黑的状态。
【典例分析】
1.It's ______ seven o'clock. We need to hurry up or we'll be late for school.
A. nearly B. hardly C. clearly D. really
2. The box is so heavy that I can ______ lift it.
A. nearly B. hardly C. almost D. easily
要点 22. Throughout
Throughout 的基本用法
作介词,表 “在…… 期间;自始至终”:
Throughout the meeting, he kept silent.在整个会议期间,他一直保持沉默。作介词,表 “遍及;贯穿”相当“all over”:
There are trees throughout the park. 公园里到处都有树。
作副词:“处处;始终;全部
The house is painted green throughout. 这房子整个都漆成了绿色。
【典例分析】
1. The tradition has been passed down ______ generations in this small village.
A. throughout B. during C. among D. between
2.The news spread quickly ______ the small town.
A. across B. over C. throughout D. around
要点 23. duty
“duty” 常见用法如下:
作可数名词,意为 “职责;义务;责任”:例如:
It's our duty to protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任。
Teachers have a duty to educate students.教师有教育学生的职责。
作不可数名词,意为 “值班;上班”:常用于短语 “on duty” 值班;上班 和 “off duty” 下班中。例如:
The nurse is on duty tonight. 这位护士今晚值班。
I‘m off duty now. Let’s go shopping. 我现在下班了。咱们去购物吧。
【典例分析】
1.It's our ______ to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
A. job B. work C. duty D. task
2. As a monitor, Tom is always on ______ to help his classmates.
A. duty B. business C. trip D. holiday
3. The police officer is doing his ______ to protect the public.
A. duty B. favor C. kindness D. service
要点 24.make up 编造(故事、谎言等)
make up意为"编造(故事、谎言等)",此处 be made up是被动语态,意为"被编造"。
The story is made up. 这个故事是虚构的。
【知识拓展】
make up除了有"编造"的意思外,还有以下含义: (1)make sb./oneself up意为"给某人/自己化妆 " She makes herself up every morning. 她每天早上都给自己化妆。 (2)构成,组成 Girl students make up only 40% of the students. 女生仅占(全部)学生的40%。 (3)和好,言归于好 He usually makes up with his wife the same day. 他和他妻子(吵架)通常当天言归于好。
【典例分析】
1. Mrs. Wang always asks us to ________ conversations in the English classes.
A. make up B. turn up C. end up D. look up
2.Tony couldn't find a good excuse (理由) for being late,so he ________ one ________.
A.put,up B.made,up C.picked,up D.dressed,up
要点25 make sure
make sure确保;查明
【观察】Just make sure that you’ve finished all the projects.
只要确保你已经完成了所有的项目。
【探究】make sure后可以跟that引导的宾语从句,且引导词that可以省略。该短语中sure是形容词,意为“确信的;有把握的”。
【拓展】be sure about确信;对……有把握。
I think the answer is right, but I’m not sure about it.
我认为这个答案是正确的,但是我没有把握。
【典例分析】
1. They are all sure _________________ winning the football match.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
2.我确信他会来。
I___________ __________ ___________ his coming.
3.我妈妈想让我成为一名小提琴手,但我不确定。
My mother wants me          a violinist, but I’m not         that.
4. Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to ________ there are no mistakes.
A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. agree with
5.— Where are you going to work
— ________. Maybe in Qingdao.
A. Yes, please B. Don't worry C. I'm not sure D. Good idea
名词的数量
1. 我们可以用a lot of, a little, a few, many, much 以及no 来谈论名词的数量。具体来说:
(1)a few 意为“几个;一些”,many 意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰可数名词。
(2)a little 意为 “一点儿;少量”,much意为“许多”,它们都用来修饰不可数名词。
(3)few, little意为“很少的;几乎没有的”,具有否定意义,分别修饰可数名词与不可数名词
(4)a lot of/lots of和no都可用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词,分别表示“许多”和“没有”
(5)我们还可以用too much, too many, too little, too few和(not) enough等来谈论名词的数量。
2. 在对数量提问时,用“How many+可数名词的复数形式”或“How much+不可数名词
辨析:a few & few & a little & little(高频考题)
a few “一些;几个”,修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定意义。 There are a few apples in the box.盒子里有几个苹果。 There are few apples in the box. 盒子里没几个苹果。
few “几个;很少”,修饰可数名词复数,表示否定意义。
a little “一点;一些”,修饰不可数名词,表示肯定意义。 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 There is little water in the glass.杯子里几乎没有水。
little “一点;很少”,修饰不可数名词,表示否定意义。
【典例分析】
一、选用few a few little a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
9.You should walk __________faster.
10 There are a lot of new books, but____________ of them are easy to read.
二、单项选择
11. Mike did very well in this math exam and he made ______ mistakes in it.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
12. —Hurry up! The movie is beginning.
—Don’t worry. There is still ______ time left
A. little B. a little C. a few D. few
13.—Is your friend Michael still in Australia
—I don't know. I have ________ information about him because we haven't seen each other for _______ years.
A.a little;a few   B.little;a few C.a few;a little D.few;a little
14.The man has _______ friends in this city,so he often stays at home.
A. a few B. few C. little D. a little
辨析too many, too much和 much too
too many 意为“太多”,修饰可数名词复数
例:There are too many people here.
too much 意为“太多”,修饰不可数名词和动词
例:Too much work is bad for you.
much too 意为“实在太...”,修饰形容词或副词
例:His new car was much too expensive.
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many;much too B. too much;too many
C. too much;much too D. much too;too much
5. The boy was ______ hungry and he ate _______ bread
A. too much; too much B. too much; much too
C. much too; too much D. much too; much too
【典例分析】
一、选择填空
1. There______ too_________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon.
A. is; much B. was; many C. was; much D. is; many
2. We'll try our best to do the work with _______money and ________ people.
A. few; little B. a few; a little C. less; fewer D. fewer; less
3. Don't spend______ time on computer games.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
4. Paul has___ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.
A. many B. some C. more D. few
5. --Shall we leave now
--Don't hurry. We still have___ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
6. --Shall we leave now
--Hurry up! We have________ time left.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few.
二、选用适当形式填空
1. —Did you buy ___________(many, some) books
—Yes. They were so heavy that I had to find somebody to help me carry them.
2. —Did you buy ____________(too much, too many)food
—Yes. We couldn’t eat it up.
3. My uncle drinks ______(a lot of, a little) tea every day. He really likes it.
4. There is _________ (little, few, a little, a few)milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.
5. We have __________(too few, too little)cups. There are ten children coming but we have only 8 cups.
6. —I want to wash my hair. Is there ______(any, some)shampoo
—Yes, there is still ______(any, some)in the bottle.
7. You bought __________ (too many, some)apples. We just need two.
8. —Can you speak English
—Yes. But just __________(a little, little).
【话题分析】
话题分析(节约用水)
  本单元谈论水就是生命,从reading水的旅程(如何形成)到listening水是我们星球的构成也是我们生命体的构成说明水的重要性,speaking谈及水的使用方式及节约用水,写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标,如何节约用水我们以这种形式来完成作文。先列写作提纲。
写作提纲:
第一步,总的阐述水的重要性;
第二步,介绍用水方面的一些问题;
第三步,介绍节约用水的一些方法;
第四步,呼吁大家节约用水。
写作步骤:
开头可以用一个引人入胜的句子来引起读者对水的重要性的关注,比如:"Water is the source of life. But nowadays, the problem of water waste is becoming more and more serious."
接着描述水资源浪费的现象,比如:"People often leave the tap running when brushing teeth. Some factories pour untreated wastewater into rivers."
然后详细列出节约用水的方法,如:"We can take shorter showers. We should fix leaky taps in time. Reuse water for watering plants."
结尾部分强烈呼吁大家行动起来:"Let's save water together and protect our precious water resources!"
【短语积累】
1.节水方法 ways to save water
2.淋浴 take a shower
3.代替 instead of
4.盆浴 take a bath
5.水循环 water cycle
6.关掉 turn off
7.冷却 cool down
8.产生很大影响 make a big difference
9.在…… 中起重要作用 play a big role in
10.组成;构成 make up
【句式积累】
水的重要性
1.水覆盖了地球表面的70%,但只有0.5%的水是可饮用的。在许多地方,清洁安全的饮用水并不容易找到。所以我们应该明智地用水。
2.水对所有生物都是必不可少的。地球上的所有生物都需要水才能生存。
3.人体的大部分是水。人们可以在没有食物的情况下存活数周,但在没有水的情况下只能存活几天。
4.地球上大部分的水是海水,海水里有太多的盐,不能直接饮用;只有少量淡水可供饮用。
5.众所周知, 植物需要水。她有助于他们生长是我们地球变得绿色美丽。
节约用水的方法
1.我们刷牙时应该关掉水龙头
2.我们应该保持水源清洁。我们不能把脏的或有害的东西扔进水里。
3.洗完蔬菜后,我们可以用用过的水或雨水给植物浇水。
4.我们最好淋浴,而不是盆浴。
5.我们应该修理/报告滴水的水龙头。我们应该及时关掉水龙头
呼吁大家节约用水
1.让我们节约用水,保护我们宝贵的水资源。如果每个人都做一点,我们就能有所作为。
2.如果我们为保护水做贡献,世界将变得越来越好。
3.水对我们来说非常宝贵。让我们共同努力,有所作为。
4.三月22日是世界节水日。我们应该让每个人都珍惜水,提高节水意识。节约用水,从我做起
关于水的谚语
1.We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. 井干方知水珍贵。
2.Water is the driving force of all nature. 水是大自然的推动力
3.Every drop in the ocean counts. 海洋中的每滴水都弥足珍贵。
【实战演练】
世界水日(World Water Day)为每年的3月22日,宗旨是唤起公众的节水意识,加强水资源保护。每年的“世界水日”,各个国家地区都会举办一些关于“水资源”的宣传活动,以提高公众节水的意识。假设你是李华,请你为学校的宣传周活动写一篇倡议书。要求:80词,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
内容提示:
1. 生活中离不开水。
2. 水宝贵及其原因。
3. 节约用水的方法。
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