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Unit 8 Follow your interests
单元小结
学习目标：本单元学习爱好和职业，能够读懂谈论关于爱好的文章。
语法目标：时间状语的用法
听说目标：谈论和听懂关于爱好的小短文。
写作目标：学会写爱好与职业的小短文。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 interested/interest的用法 练习
要点2 the beginning of的用法 练习
要点3 curious/be curious about的用法 练习
要点4 once的用法 练习
要点5 shoot的用法 练习
要点6 last的用法 练习
要点7 achieve t的用法 练习
要点8 train的用法 练习
要点9 increase的用法 练习
要点10 beyond的用法 练习
要点11 lively的用法 练习
要点12 review的用法 练习
要点1316-year-old的用法 练习
要点14 question的用法 练习
要点15. method的用法 练习
要点16 compare的用法 练习
要点17 feel bored with sth./ doing sth.的用法 练习
要点18 host的用法 练习
要点19 look like的用法 练习
要点20 on a clear day on表时间用法 练习
要点21 used to和be used to doing的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 时间状语从句 18
要点2 used to结构 19
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 20
要点2 词汇短语积累 20
要点3句式积累 22
要点4实战演练 23
【重点短语】
1.理想的工作 dream job
2.实现梦想 achieve one’s dream
3.…… 的开始 the beginning of (= the start of)
4.梦想 dream of
5.实现；成为现实 come true
6.把... 比作 compare... to
7.过去常常；曾经 used to
8.用生动的方式 in a lively way
9.对...... 好奇 be curious about
10.看起来像 look like
11.把...... 变成 turn...into
12.对...... 厌烦 feel bored with
13.对...... 感兴趣 be interested in
14.放弃 give up
15.把你的兴趣转化为你的职业 turn your interests into your career
16.从那天起 from that day on
17.为… 感到自豪 be proud of
18.增进对这个话题的理解 increase the understanding of the topic
19.思考如何做某事 think about how to do sth
20.取得良好进展 make good progress
【重点句式】
1. My dream job is to be a photographer. 我梦想的工作是当摄影师。
2.Look at the hobbies and suggest possible jobs from the list.看看这些爱好并从列表中提出可能的工作.
3.That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. 那是我一生爱好的开始。
4.I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky.
我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空。
5.It looked like black velvet with a million diamonds on it.
它看起来像黑色天鹅绒，上面镶着一百万颗钻石。
6.In summer, we saw Vega shine brightly as it got dark.Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky.
在夏天，当夜幕降临时，我们看到织女星发出明亮的光芒。有时我们看到星星划过天空。
7.Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky.
研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。
8.So I read a lot about the topic,and my understanding increased as I grew older.
所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。
9. ..and I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way.
......我以一种生动的方式向观众讲解不同的星星。
10.My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years，and I am really proud of that!
我的电视节目已经持续播出 50多年了。
11.Actually,you too can turn your interests into your career.
事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。
12.I never feel bored with dancing. 我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。
13.When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.
当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。
14.Jane gave the chimpanzees human names and compared them to humans.
简给黑猩猩取了人类的名字，并将它们与人类进行比较。
【精讲精练】
要点1 interested/interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1. My friend Jack has an _______ hobby. He is _______ in old newspapers.
A. interesting；interesting B. interested；interested
C. interesting；interested D. interested；interesting
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest C. place of interests D. place of interesting
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
要点 2.
“the beginning of” 表示 “…… 的开始”“…… 的开端”，
The beginning of the year is usually a time for making resolutions.
年初通常是制定决心的时候。
The beginning of the concert was very exciting.音乐会的开场非常激动人心
at the beginning of“在…… 的开始”
At the beginning of the class, the teacher checked the students' attendance.
在上课开始时，老师检查了学生的出勤情况。
At the beginning of December, it usually starts to get very cold.
在 12 月初，天气通常开始变得很冷。
at the beginning“在开始的时候”
At the beginning, I didn't understand what he was talking about.
一开始，我不明白他在说什么。
At the beginning, the project seemed very difficult.
开始时，这个项目看起来非常困难。
【典例分析】
1. 在新学期开始时，我们制定了一些新的班级规则。
the new term, we make some new class rules.
2.____of the new year, we often make a promise.
A. At the beginning B. At a beginning C. in the beginning D. From the beginning
要点 3.
curious 是形容词，意为 “好奇的；求知欲强的；奇特的”
curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
curiosity n. 好奇心
be curious about 对......好奇
a curious child 好奇的孩子
a curious look 好奇的眼神
be curious to know/hear 想知道……
be curious about 表示 “对…… 感到好奇”。
Children are always curious about the world around them.
孩子们总是对周围的世界感到好奇。
be curious to do sth.意为 “好奇地去做某事；渴望做某事”
He was curious to know what was in the box.
他好奇地想知道盒子里是什么。
out of curiosity
是一个介词短语，意为 “出于好奇”
Out of curiosity, she opened the letter.出于好奇，她打开了那封信。
【典例分析】
1.这个小男孩对他周围的一切都很好奇。
The little boy everything around him.
2.The little boy ______ how stars shine, so he asked his father many questions.
A. was afraid of B. was curious about C. was worried about D. was angry with
3. The little boy is very c________ about how the machine works.
要点 4. Once
副词
表示 “一次；一回” “曾经；一度”
I go to the gym once a week.我每周去一次健身房。
He was once a famous singer.他曾经是一位著名的歌手。
连词. 表示 “一旦；一…… 就……”
引导条件状语从句，强调某个条件一旦满足，就会发生后面的情况。
Once you make a promise, you should keep it.
一旦你许下承诺，就应该遵守它。
【典例分析】
1.______ you start learning English, you should try to practice it every day.
A. Once B. Although C. Unless D. Until
2. 一旦我学到了 一点（关于星星的）知识，我很快就想知道更多。
_______ I learnt a little, I soon wanted to find out _____ _____ _______.
要点 5. shoot
动词
1.表示 “迅速移动；冲,奔驰”
飞驰shoot across 掠过
The car shot past us.汽车从我们身边疾驰而过。
2.表示 “射击；发射” “投篮；射门”
shoot sb. 射中（射杀）某人。
shoot at sb “朝某人射击”
The hunter shot the deer. 猎人射杀了那头鹿。
He shot the ball and scored a goal. 他射门得分了。
3.表示 “拍摄（照片、电影等）”
They are shooting a new movie in the desert. 他们正在沙漠中拍摄一部新电影。
【典例分析】
1.The police came around the corner and __________（shoot） at the robber.
2.他对着那只鸟开枪，并将其射杀。
He ________ __________the bird, and _________ it.
要点 6. last
last做动词意为“持续”常与介词for 连用。
last做形容词意为“最后的” ，也可意为“上一次的，最近的”，
例1. It is my last time to take this bus.
这是我最后一次乘坐这辆公交车了。
例2. I went to the cinema to see a movie with my mum last night.
我昨晚跟我的妈妈去电影院看了一场电影。
例3. The rain has lasted for three days. How wet it is!
这场雨连续下了三天，多潮湿啊！
【运用】根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
【典例分析】
1. The boring film __________ for two hours.
A. is B. begins C. lasts
2.炎热的天气持续了几个星期。
The hot weather ________ __________ a few weeks.
3.他是最后一个到达的。
He was __________ ___________ person to arrive.
4.最后，他算出了这道数学题。
________ ________, he worked out the Maths problem.
5.我去年参加了交换生的学习活动.
I took part in the activity of educational exchange __________ __________.
要点7 achieve
(1) achieve作及物动词，意为“完成,实现”。例如：
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
No one can achieve anything without effort. 谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
(2) achieve作及物动词，意为“达到,赢得”。例如：
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
She achieved no success. 她有没获得成功。
【拓展】
achievement作名词，意为“成就,成绩”。例如：
The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。
【典例分析】
1. If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A. come out B. come true C. achieve D. come on
2.恐怕他的愿望很难实现。
I’m afraid his wish won’t __________ __________easily.
I’m afraid he won’t ___________ __________ _________easily.
3. Even a small success can give you a sense of ______________ (achieve) .
要点8 train
train可做名词“火车”
train可做动词“训练：接受训练”
【展示】
例1. I will go to Wuhan by train.
我将会乘坐火车去武汉。
例2. Look! They are training in the playground.
看，他们正在运动场训练。
【典例分析】
【运用】根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1布伦达每天训练两小时备战马拉松比赛。
Brenda spends two hours a day __________ for the marathon.
2.我的小弟弟非常喜欢玩具火车。
My younger brother likes the toy __________ very much.
要点 9.
“increase” 既可用作动词，也可用作名词动词用法。表示数量、程度等的增加、增长。
We need to increase production to meet the growing market demand.
我们需要增加产量以满足日益增长的市场需求。
后面不接宾语，强调数量或程度自身的增长变化。
The population is increasing rapidly.人口在迅速增长。
常用搭配
increase by：表示 “增加了……
The company's profits increased by 20% this year.公司今年的利润增长了 20%
increase to：意为 “增加到……”
The temperature increased to 30 degrees Celsius.温度上升到了 30 摄氏度。
名词用法
意为 “增加；增长；提高”，通常用于短语中，如 “an increase in...” 表示 “在…… 方面的增加”。
There has been a significant increase in the number of students applying for this major.申请这个专业的学生人数有了显著增加。
decrease （反）v. 减少；减小
increasing adj. 渐增的；越来越多的
【典例分析】
1.The school plans to ______ the number of English classes next term to improve students’ language skills.
A. reduce B. increase C. cancel D. forget
2.The price of vegetables will ______ because of the bad weather.
A. increase B. decrease C. stay D. stop
3. The population of this small town ______ 10% last year.
A. increased to B. increased by C. rose to D. grew to
要点 10.
beyond作介词
表示位置：在…… 较远的一边；在…… 之外。
The mountains in the background were beyond the river.
远处的山脉在河的那一边。
表示时间：迟于；超过（某个时间点）。
Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock at night.晚上不要在外面待到 10 点以后。
表示范围、程度：超出；非…… 所能及。
The problem is beyond my ability.这个问题超出了我的能力范围。
go beyond 超越 beyond control 无法控制
beyond belief 难以置信 beyond question 毫无疑问
beyond expectation超出预期；出乎意料
【典例分析】
1.The beautiful scenery in this park is ______ description. Everyone who visits feels amazed.
A. over B. beyond C. above D. under
2. The beauty of the scenery is b________ description.
3. This math problem is ______ my ability. I can't work it out.
A. beyond B. behind C. under D. below
要点 11.
lively 表示 “充满活力的；活泼的；生气勃勃的”
The lively child always runs around the playground.
这个活泼的孩子总是在操场上跑来跑去。
We had a lively discussion in the class.我们在课堂上进行了一场热烈的讨论。
表示 “鲜艳的；鲜明的”
She wore a dress in a lively shade of red.她穿了一条鲜艳的红色连衣裙。
表示 “生动的；栩栩如生的”
The storyteller told a lively story that attracted all the children.
讲故事的人讲了一个生动的故事，吸引了所有的孩子。
【典例分析】
1.The music at the party was so ______ that everyone couldn’t help dancing.
A. lively B. alive C. living D. live
2. The _________(live) music makes everyone dance happily.
3.她努力练习舞蹈以实现自己的梦想，而且她总是以一种欢快的方式训练 。
She practices dancing hard to____ ______ _____, and she always trains ___ ___ ______ ________.
要点 12.
Review 的基本用法和例句
一、作动词（Verb）
复习；温习
She stayed up late to review for her math exam.（她熬夜复习数学考试。）
Let’s review the key points from yesterday’s lesson.（我们来复习一下昨天课程的重点。）
评论；评价
The critic will review the new play in tomorrow’s newspaper.（评论家将在明天的报纸上评论这部新剧。）
He reviewed that the restaurant had excellent service.（他评价这家餐厅服务极佳。）
二、作名词（Noun）
复习；温习（A revision of material to prepare for a test）
例句：
Let’s do a quick review of the vocabulary before the quiz.（小测前我们快速复习一下词汇。）
The teacher handed out a review sheet for the final exam.（老师发了一张期末考复习表。）
评论；评价
I read a positive review of the new smartphone.（我读了一篇关于这款新智能手机的正面评价。）
The movie received mixed reviews from audiences.（这部电影获得了观众褒贬不一的评价。）
【典例分析】
1.The professor suggested we do a ______ of the key theories before the final exam.
A. review B. revision C. research D. response
2.Did you read the ______ of the new restaurant in today’s newspaper It sounds amazing!
A. review B. recipe C. record D. request
要点 13.
16-year-old 意为“十六岁的”，是由三个词构成的复合形容词，这三个词之间要用连字符“-”连接 即：数词-可数名词单数形式-形容词。这种复合形容词只能作定语，后面接其所修饰的名词。如：一个五岁的女孩 a five-year-old girl
2）“数词+名词(单数/复数)+形容词”的结构常位于be 动词后面作句子的表语。请对比：
他是一个六岁的男孩。He is a six-year-old boy.
他六岁了。 He is six years old.
【典例分析】
1. We’re tired. Let’s have a _________ rest.
A. ten minutes B. ten-minutes C. ten-minute D. ten minute’s
2. In Tibet, we found a ________ tree a few days ago.
A. 100-meter-tall B. 100-meters-tall C. 100 meter tall D. 100 meters tall
3. Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 7.
A. a 13-years-old B. an 13-years-old C. a 13-year-old D. an 13-year-old
要点 14.
1. question 作名词（Noun）表示 “问题；疑问”。
Can I ask you a question 我能问你一个问题吗？
There’s no question that he is talented. 毫无疑问，他很有天赋。
They discussed questions about environment. 他们讨论了关于环境的问题。
2. 作动词（Verb） 表示 “提问；质疑；怀疑”。
The teacher questioned the students in class. 老师在课堂上提问学生。
He questioned why I was late. 他问我为什么迟到。
Some people question the safety of this product. 有些人质疑这产品的安全性
【典例分析】
1. I _______ him about the event, and he gave me an answer to my ______.(question)
2.The police ______ the suspect for several hours to find out the truth.
A. questioned B. required C. reminded D. reported
要点 15.
method 作名词（Noun）表示 “方法；方式；办法”
可与动词搭配，如 use, adopt, develop, improve 等。
常与介词 of 或 for 连用，表示 “…… 的方法”。
We need to find a better method to solve this problem.
我们需要找到一个更好的方法来解决这个问题。
She uses a special method for teaching English. 她用一种特殊的方法教英语。
What’s your method of learning new words 你学习新单词的方法是什么？
常见搭配与短语
teaching method：教学方法
research method：研究方法
【典例分析】
1.What’s your ______ for learning English words I forget them easily.
A. method B. problem C. secret D. mistake
要点 16.
Compare 作动词（Verb）表示 “比较；对比；比作” 。
compare A with B 将 A 与 B 进行比较（强调两者的异同）。
Let’s compare your answer with mine. 我们把你的答案和我的比较一下。
compare A to B 把 A 比作 B（强调两者的相似性，常用于比喻）。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
Her voice is often compared to a bird’s song. 她的声音常被比作鸟鸣。
compared to/with：与…… 相比（常用于句首或句中作状语）。
Compared with last year, our sales have increased by 20%.
与去年相比，我们的销售额增长了 20%。
beyond/without compare：无与伦比的。
Her beauty is beyond compare. 她的美丽无与伦比。
注意: compare with 侧重 “比较异同”，compare to 侧重 “比喻为”，但在实际使用中有时可互换。
【图解助记】compare比较要分清
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较！
Do not always __________ me __________ others, please!
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They all started to __________ him __________ Lei Feng.
3.教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。
A teacher’s work_____________ often________ ___________a candle.
4.和你相比,我做得还不够好。
__________ _________ you, I don’t do very well.
5—Why are most children under too much pressure
—Because their parents always compared them ________ others.
A. by B. for C. to D. with
6. The biggest ocean does not seem big at all when it is _______ the size of the whole earth.
compared to B. compared with C. comparing with D. comparing to
7.In summer, Wuhan is usually very hot ________ many other cities in China.
A. looked like B. named after C. because of D. compared to
要点 17.
feel bored with sth./ doing sth. 对......感到厌烦的
例句：I feel bored with this kind of TV show.我对这类电视节目感到厌烦。
He feels bored with doing the same work every day.他对每天做同样的工作感到厌倦。
【拓展】bored： 感到无聊的；感到厌烦的 boring：adj. 令人厌烦的，无聊的
例句：I'm really bored with this boring lecture.我真的对这场无聊的讲座感到厌烦透顶了。
【典例分析】
1.The movie was so ______ that I fell asleep halfway through it.
A. bored B. boring C. bore D. to bore
She soon ______ the new job because it was too easy for her.
A. felt bored in B. felt bored with C. felt boring with D. felt boring about
要点18 host
host: 作动词，主持
作名词时，意为“主持人”
My dream is to be a host.
我的梦想是成为一名主持人。
Last night, he hosted a lively programme, called The Negotiator.
昨晚，他主持了一个很生动的节目，叫做《王牌对王牌》。
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思，完成句乎，每空一词。
1.这个主持人一整晚都没有睡。
The __________ stayed up the whole night.
2.她每个周末都会主持一场读书会。
She __________ a reading meeting every weekend.
要点 19. look like
look like 看起来像 .
Lucy looks like Lily. 露西看上去像莉莉 .
look the same 看起来一样
The twins look the same.
look after 照顾
Mary often helps look after her brother.
look at 看着
Look at the white board, please.
look for 寻找
I’m looking for my lost pen.
look out 当心；小心 look up 查寻；查阅；向上看 look up to 向上看；羡慕
look down on/ upon 看不起；轻视 look into 朝…看去；调查 look forward to 期待；盼望
look around 环顾四周 look through 浏览；翻阅；温习
【典例分析】
1.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
2.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary.
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
3. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A. look for B. look at C. look up D. look after
4.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou
—Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great!
A. looking down on B. looking out for C. looking up to D. looking forward to
5. —I'm looking forward to ________ the summer holiday with my parents in Thailand.
—Have a great time!
A spend B. spending
C. spends D. spent
6 Girl: I'm____ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go.
Boy: You'll take me, and I'll take the money.
A. taking part in B. taking care of C. looking back at D. looking forward to
7. —Edward，who________ Li Ping
—No one. Her parents work far away from home.
A. looks for B. looks at C. looks after D. looks out
要点 20. on a clear day. on表时间用法
on a clearday /on the fourth Thursday
on 表时间
介词on表时间时，用在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前
We have no classes on Sunday. 星期日我们没有课
It happened on the morning of the fifteenth. 事情发生在15日的上午
We met Mr. Smith on a warm morning. 我们在一个温暖的早上遇见了史密斯先生
in表时间
介词in常用在表示年、月、季节、世纪的名词前，还可用于上午、下午、晚上等固定短语中
in 2012 在2012年
in September 在9月
in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天
in the 20th century 在20世纪
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
● 6.At three this afternoon. 今天下午3点钟
at表时间
介词at常用在表示时刻的名词前
I usually play basketball at six o’clock in the afternoon. 我通常在下午6点钟打篮球
I have lunch at twelve o’clock at school. 我中午12点学校吃午饭
知识拓展
at 构成的短语
at night 在晚上
at noon 在中午
at Christmas 在圣诞节
【易混辨析】on, in与at
on 用在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上前 on Saturday morning 在周六上午
in 用在世纪、年份、季节、月份，上午、下午或晚上前 in December 在12月 in the evening 在晚上 in 2012 在2012年
at 用来表示在某个时间点、某一时刻或年龄 at six o’clock 在6点 at the age of 25 在25岁
【典例分析】
1、用介词at，in或者是on填空。
1） The students go to school _______the morning.
2.）We don’t have lessons _______Saturday or Sunday.
3） I often go home _____five in the afternoon.
4）He gets up _____half past six every morning.
5） My friends are busy, and they finish school ______ 7:10 _____the evening.
6）Lily’s birthday is ___ April 11.
7）My birthday is ___ March. What about you
8）He gets a lot of gifts ___ Christmas Day.
2. The art festival is May and School Day is June 3rd.
A. in; on B. in; at C. on; / D. on; on
3.________ the afternoon of June 2nd, many foreigners arrived ________ Shanghai.
A. In；at B. On；to C. In；in D. On；in
4. ________ Monday the second class is English. It's ________ 8：55.
A. On；at B. At；on C. On；on D. At；at
5.Do you have time ________ the afternoon of Monday？
A. in B. at C. on D. for
6. ---When is Thanksgiving Day
---It’s _______ the fourth Thursday _______ November.
A. at; of B. on; in C. in; on D. on; at
要点21
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
be used for doing sth. 被用于做某
be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A. used to get B. been used to get
C. used for getting D. been used to getting
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
一、【when引导的时间状语从句】
1： when当…的时候，后面跟一个句子，相当于时间状语，这个句子就叫做时间状语从句.
when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
when既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段。
Do you help your parents when you are at home
↑ 主句 ↑ 时间状语从句
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.有人敲门时，她正煮饭。(先后发生)
Father was reading a book when I was sleeping.当我睡觉的时候，父亲看报。(同时发生)
What was your mother doing when you came back 你回来时你妈妈在做什么 (时间点)
When I was a child,I used to go to the Great Wall.当我是小孩子时，我常去长城。
2: when引导的时间状语从句的复合句时态遵循主将从现原则
主句 从句
一般现在时 一般现在时（表示将来） I help my mother do housework when I am free.
祈使句 Please stand up when the teacher comes in.
一般将来时 I will give him the book when he comes back.
过去的某一时态 过去的某一时态 She couldn’t play the guitar when she was 5.
3：当when引导的时间状语从句位于主句之前时，中间要加逗号。
二、【while引导的时间状语从句】
1: while引导时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”,谓语动词必须是延续性动词，须用进行时态。
2:若出现在过去进行时的句子中，结构一般是“while+过去进行时， 一般过去时”。
当主句与从句的动作同时进行时，多用while.
I was shopping,while the UFO landed.当不明飞行物降落的时候，我正在购物。
They were singing while we were dancing.他们唱歌，我们跳舞。
【拓展】
when 和 while 的区别
瞬延皆可when （when+瞬间动词或延续性动词） When the teacher came in, we were talking.（瞬间动词） When you called me, I was out.(瞬间动词）
while只可延 （while+延续性动词） While I was doing my homework, my mom came in. ↑延续性动词 ↑瞬间动词
两个都为延， while句子连 I was reading books while my sister was watching TV. ↑延续性动词 ↑延续性动词
三、【as引导的时间状语从句】
as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”或“一边……一边”, 主、从句的动作同时发生。
As the children walked along the lake,they sang happily.孩子们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。
四、Before引导的时间状语从句】
此时表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
He had studied in this school before he joined the army.参军之前，他在这所学校学习过。
五、【after引导的时间状语从句】
此时主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
After he locked the door,he left.他锁上门后离开了。
注意：after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语常为相同的人或物，如果主句的动作发生在从 句之后，可以转换为not.….until(before),引导的时间状语从句。
He left the classroom after he finished his homework.他完成作业后才离开教室。
→He didn't leave the classroom until (before)he finished his homework.
六、【until(till)引导的时间状语从句】
①until意思是“直到……”,主从句都是肯定句，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，此时until =till。
如：They worked until(till)it was dark. 他们一直工作到天黑。
②表示“直到……才……”时，主句用否定句，从句用肯定句，主句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词。
如：I didn't go to bed until she came back. 直到她回来我才睡觉。
注意until与till,通常可以交换使用，但如果从句在句首，则只能使用until。
Until he went there,he didn't know that. 直到他到那儿，他才知道那件事。
七、【as soon as引导的时间状语从句】
as soon as意思是“一……就……”,当主句是一般将来时态时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will return the book as soon as he finishes it. 他一看完这本书就去归还。
八、【since引导的时间状语从句】
since意思是“自从….”,它引导的从句中的动词多用过去式，主句表示动作的延续，用现在完成时。 如果主句中的动作表示的不是延续性动作而是目前的状态，主句可用一般现在时。
I haven't heard from my friend since I went to Dalian. 自从我去了大连，我就没有收到朋友的来信。 It is ten years since she left here. 自从她离开这儿后，已经10年了。
一、【when引导的时间状语从句】
1： when当…的时候，后面跟一个句子，相当于时间状语，这个句子就叫做时间状语从句.
when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
when既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段。
Do you help your parents when you are at home
↑ 主句 ↑ 时间状语从句
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.有人敲门时，她正煮饭。(先后发生)
Father was reading a book when I was sleeping.当我睡觉的时候，父亲看报。(同时发生)
What was your mother doing when you came back 你回来时你妈妈在做什么 (时间点)
When I was a child,I used to go to the Great Wall.当我是小孩子时，我常去长城。
2: when引导的时间状语从句的复合句时态遵循主将从现原则
主句 从句
一般现在时 一般现在时（表示将来） I help my mother do housework when I am free.
祈使句 Please stand up when the teacher comes in.
一般将来时 I will give him the book when he comes back.
过去的某一时态 过去的某一时态 She couldn’t play the guitar when she was 5.
3：当when引导的时间状语从句位于主句之前时，中间要加逗号。
二、【while引导的时间状语从句】
1: while引导时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”,谓语动词必须是延续性动词，须用进行时态。
2:若出现在过去进行时的句子中，结构一般是“while+过去进行时， 一般过去时”。
当主句与从句的动作同时进行时，多用while.
I was shopping,while the UFO landed.当不明飞行物降落的时候，我正在购物。
They were singing while we were dancing.他们唱歌，我们跳舞。
【拓展】
when 和 while 的区别
瞬延皆可when （when+瞬间动词或延续性动词） When the teacher came in, we were talking.（瞬间动词） When you called me, I was out.(瞬间动词）
while只可延 （while+延续性动词） While I was doing my homework, my mom came in. ↑延续性动词 ↑瞬间动词
两个都为延， while句子连 I was reading books while my sister was watching TV. ↑延续性动词 ↑延续性动词
三、【as引导的时间状语从句】
as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”或“一边……一边”, 主、从句的动作同时发生。
As the children walked along the lake,they sang happily.孩子们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。
四、Before引导的时间状语从句】
此时表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
He had studied in this school before he joined the army.参军之前，他在这所学校学习过。
五、【after引导的时间状语从句】
此时主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
After he locked the door,he left.他锁上门后离开了。
注意：after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语常为相同的人或物，如果主句的动作发生在从 句之后，可以转换为not.….until(before),引导的时间状语从句。
He left the classroom after he finished his homework.他完成作业后才离开教室。
→He didn't leave the classroom until (before)he finished his homework.
六、【until(till)引导的时间状语从句】
①until意思是“直到……”,主从句都是肯定句，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，此时until =till。
如：They worked until(till)it was dark. 他们一直工作到天黑。
②表示“直到……才……”时，主句用否定句，从句用肯定句，主句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词。
如：I didn't go to bed until she came back. 直到她回来我才睡觉。
注意until与till,通常可以交换使用，但如果从句在句首，则只能使用until。
Until he went there,he didn't know that. 直到他到那儿，他才知道那件事。
七、【as soon as引导的时间状语从句】
as soon as意思是“一……就……”,当主句是一般将来时态时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will return the book as soon as he finishes it. 他一看完这本书就去归还。
八、【since引导的时间状语从句】
since意思是“自从….”,它引导的从句中的动词多用过去式，主句表示动作的延续，用现在完成时。 如果主句中的动作表示的不是延续性动作而是目前的状态，主句可用一般现在时。
I haven't heard from my friend since I went to Dalian. 自从我去了大连，我就没有收到朋友的来信。 It is ten years since she left here. 自从她离开这儿后，已经10年了。
used to do sth
used to do sth 过去常常做......used to 的否定形式常用didn’t use to。
People used to think that the sun went round the earth.
以前人们总是认为太阳是围绕地球转的。（表示现在不这样认为了）
He didn’t use to have any money when he was a boy. 他小时候常常没有钱。
【拓展】be/get used to sth./ doing sth.. 习惯于……
be used to do 被用来做……
I'm used to drinking a cup of water after meal. 我习惯饭后喝一杯水。
This machine is used to clean the wall. 这种机器被用来打扫墙壁。
一、单项选择
1.---The plane won't take off the thick clouds move away.
---Let's wait patiently for the notice from the airport.
A. until B. though C. since D. while
2. We need to take action to save every drop of water it is too late.
A. before B. unless C. because D. until
3.All the guests at the party were dancing and singing happily ________ the electricity was cut off.
A. unless B. while C. when D. because
4. Daisy always turns on the TV _____ she comes home.
A. because B. as soon as C. though D. then
5. Jack was busy taking notes Mr.Brown was giving a lesson.
A. if B. while C. unless D.when
6. Don't go across the crossing the traffic light turns green.
A. after B.because C. until D. since
7. My father used to a bus to work, but now he is used to
A. take;walk B. taking;walking C.taking;walk D. take;walking
8. There a lot of jobs for college graduates. But now,everything is different.
A. are used to having B. used to have C. used to be D. are used to being
【话题分析】
介绍兴趣爱好/职业选择
本单元谈论我或别人的兴趣，从Reading，listening，talking都为我们写作提供目标语言，能正确使用一般过去时，时间状语从句和used to结构 来描述爱好的开始。写作时我们要学会将这些目标语言进行合适运用—同时要求我们通过本课学习掌握这类文章的写作的基本特点和架构。写作前学会列提纲。
一、在写作过程中要明确以下几点：
1.开门见山。介绍我的爱好。
2. 描述我如何发展我的爱好的。
3. 爱好给我带来的益处。
4. 对未来职业的展望。
【短语积累】
1.理想的工作
2.实现梦想
3.…… 的开始
4.实现；成为现实
5.把... 比作
6.过去常常；曾经
7.对...... 好奇
8.把...... 变成
9.对...... 厌烦
10.对...... 感兴趣
11把你的兴趣转化为你的职业
12.为… 感到自豪
【句式积累】
1.我梦想的工作是当摄影师。
2.当我5岁时，我就开始弹钢琴。那是我一生爱好的开始。
3.研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。
4.我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。
5.当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。
6.我喜欢拍照，也许未来我的理想职业是成为一名摄影师。
7. 我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。
8.事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。
9.我的爱好是阅读。它们带我进入不同的世界，让我结识有趣的人物。
10.我非常喜欢打篮球。它让我充满活力，还能帮我保持健康。
【实战演练】
写一篇英语短文：谈论自己的爱好和未来理想的职业。要求：
1.自己爱好是什么。
2.我什么时候形成自己的爱好。
3.我为什么喜欢自己的爱好。
4.未来的职业设想。
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Unit 8 Follow your interests
单元小结
学习目标：本单元学习爱好和职业，能够读懂谈论关于爱好的文章。
语法目标：时间状语的用法
听说目标：谈论和听懂关于爱好的小短文。
写作目标：学会写爱好与职业的小短文。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
要点1 重点短语 练习
要点2 重点句式 练习
【精讲精练】
要点1 interested/interest的用法 练习
要点2 the beginning of的用法 练习
要点3 curious/be curious about的用法 练习
要点4 once的用法 练习
要点5 shoot的用法 练习
要点6 last的用法 练习
要点7 achieve 的用法 练习
要点8 train的用法 练习
要点9 increase的用法 练习
要点10 beyond的用法 练习
要点11 lively的用法 练习
要点12 review的用法 练习
要点1316-year-old的用法 练习
要点14 question的用法 练习
要点15. method的用法 练习
要点16 compare的用法 练习
要点17 feel bored with sth./ doing sth.的用法 练习
要点18 host的用法 练习
要点19 look like的用法 练习
要点20 on a clear day on表时间用法 练习
要点21 used to和be used to doing的用法 练习
知识要点二、语法
要点1 时间状语从句 25
要点2 used to结构 26
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 26
要点2 词汇短语积累 27
要点3句式积累 28
要点4实战演练 29
【重点短语】
1.理想的工作 dream job
2.实现梦想 achieve one’s dream
3.…… 的开始 the beginning of (= the start of)
4.梦想 dream of
5.实现；成为现实 come true
6.把... 比作 compare... to
7.过去常常；曾经 used to
8.用生动的方式 in a lively way
9.对...... 好奇 be curious about
10.看起来像 look like
11.把...... 变成 turn...into
12.对...... 厌烦 feel bored with
13.对...... 感兴趣 be interested in
14.放弃 give up
15.把你的兴趣转化为你的职业 turn your interests into your career
16.从那天起 from that day on
17.为… 感到自豪 be proud of
18.增进对这个话题的理解 increase the understanding of the topic
19.思考如何做某事 think about how to do sth
20.取得良好进展 make good progress
【重点句式】
1. My dream job is to be a photographer. 我梦想的工作是当摄影师。
2.Look at the hobbies and suggest possible jobs from the list.看看这些爱好并从列表中提出可能的工作.
3.That was the beginning of my lifetime interest. 那是我一生爱好的开始。
4.I used to go outside with my mum on clear nights and look at the sky.
我曾经在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空。
5.It looked like black velvet with a million diamonds on it.
它看起来像黑色天鹅绒，上面镶着一百万颗钻石。
6.In summer, we saw Vega shine brightly as it got dark.Sometimes we saw stars shooting across the sky.
在夏天，当夜幕降临时，我们看到织女星发出明亮的光芒。有时我们看到星星划过天空。
7.Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky.
研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。
8.So I read a lot about the topic,and my understanding increased as I grew older.
所以我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。
9. ..and I teach my audience about the different stars in a lively way.
......我以一种生动的方式向观众讲解不同的星星。
10.My TV programme has lasted more than 50 years，and I am really proud of that!
我的电视节目已经持续播出 50多年了。
11.Actually,you too can turn your interests into your career.
事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。
12.I never feel bored with dancing. 我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。
13.When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.
当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。
14.Jane gave the chimpanzees human names and compared them to humans.
简给黑猩猩取了人类的名字，并将它们与人类进行比较。
【精讲精练】
要点1 interested/interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1．My friend Jack has an _______ hobby．He is _______ in old newspapers．
A．interesting；interesting B．interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
【答案】 C
【解析】interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。 interested常用于短语be interested in，意为“对……感兴趣”。一般形容人的情感。
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
【答案】B
【解析】 interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。Relaxed放松的，一般形容人。
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest C. place of interests D. place of interesting
【答案】B
【解析】place of interest为固定搭配，interest名词。表示“名胜”，根据空前的lots of可知此处要用其复数形式。
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为“《国家宝藏》在中央电视台播出后, 快速地上升至收视率排行榜前列。这意味着中国的年轻人对传统文化越来越感兴趣”。interest “兴趣”; direction “方向”; habit “习惯”; dream “梦想”。故选A。
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
【答案】am not interested in learning have no interest in learning
要点 2.
“the beginning of” 表示 “…… 的开始”“…… 的开端”，
The beginning of the year is usually a time for making resolutions.
年初通常是制定决心的时候。
The beginning of the concert was very exciting.音乐会的开场非常激动人心
at the beginning of“在…… 的开始”
At the beginning of the class, the teacher checked the students' attendance.
在上课开始时，老师检查了学生的出勤情况。
At the beginning of December, it usually starts to get very cold.
在 12 月初，天气通常开始变得很冷。
at the beginning“在开始的时候”
At the beginning, I didn't understand what he was talking about.
一开始，我不明白他在说什么。
At the beginning, the project seemed very difficult.
开始时，这个项目看起来非常困难。
【典例分析】
1．在新学期开始时，我们制定了一些新的班级规则。
the new term, we make some new class rules.
【答案】At the start of/the beginning of
2.____of the new year, we often make a promise.
A. At the beginning B. At a beginning C. in the beginning D. From the beginning
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在新年伊始，我们经常做出承诺。at the beginning of意为“在……的起点”。故A项符合题意。
要点 3.
curious 是形容词，意为 “好奇的；求知欲强的；奇特的”
curiously adv. 好奇地；奇怪地
curiosity n. 好奇心
be curious about 对......好奇
a curious child 好奇的孩子
a curious look 好奇的眼神
be curious to know/hear 想知道……
be curious about 表示 “对…… 感到好奇”。
Children are always curious about the world around them.
孩子们总是对周围的世界感到好奇。
be curious to do sth.意为 “好奇地去做某事；渴望做某事”
He was curious to know what was in the box.
他好奇地想知道盒子里是什么。
out of curiosity
是一个介词短语，意为 “出于好奇”
Out of curiosity, she opened the letter.出于好奇，她打开了那封信。
【典例分析】
1.这个小男孩对他周围的一切都很好奇。
The little boy everything around him.
【答案】 is curious about
2.The little boy ______ how stars shine, so he asked his father many questions.
A. was afraid of B. was curious about C. was worried about D. was angry with
【答案】B
【解析】be curious about 意为 “对…… 感到好奇”，符合句意 “小男孩______星星如何发光，所以他问了父亲很多问题”。“问很多问题” 表明他对星星发光的原理有好奇心，因此选 B。
A. was afraid of（害怕……）C. was worried about（担心……）。D. was angry with（对…… 生气）。
3. The little boy is very c________ about how the machine works.
【答案】curious
要点 4. Once
副词
表示 “一次；一回” “曾经；一度”
I go to the gym once a week.我每周去一次健身房。
He was once a famous singer.他曾经是一位著名的歌手。
连词. 表示 “一旦；一…… 就……”
引导条件状语从句，强调某个条件一旦满足，就会发生后面的情况。
Once you make a promise, you should keep it.
一旦你许下承诺，就应该遵守它。
【典例分析】
1.______ you start learning English, you should try to practice it every day.
A. Once B. Although C. Unless D. Until
【答案】A
【解析】Once 作连词，意为 “一旦”，引导条件状语从句，表示 “一旦开始做某事，就应持续下去”，符合句意 “一旦你开始学英语，就应该每天练习”。
辨异：B. Although（尽管）：引导让步状语从句，如 Although it’s hard, I’ll try（尽管困难，我会尝试）。
C. Unless（除非）：相当于 if not，如 You won’t pass unless you study（除非学习，否则不及格）。
D. Until（直到）：引导时间状语从句，如 Wait until I come back（等到我回来）。
2. 一旦我学到了 一点（关于星星的）知识，我很快就想知道更多。
_______ I learnt a little, I soon wanted to find out _____ _____ _______.
【答案】Once more and more
要点 5. shoot
动词
1.表示 “迅速移动；冲,奔驰”
飞驰shoot across 掠过
The car shot past us.汽车从我们身边疾驰而过。
2.表示 “射击；发射” “投篮；射门”
shoot sb. 射中（射杀）某人。
shoot at sb “朝某人射击”
The hunter shot the deer. 猎人射杀了那头鹿。
He shot the ball and scored a goal. 他射门得分了。
3.表示 “拍摄（照片、电影等）”
They are shooting a new movie in the desert. 他们正在沙漠中拍摄一部新电影。
【典例分析】
1.The police came around the corner and __________（shoot） at the robber.
2.他对着那只鸟开枪，并将其射杀。
He ________ __________the bird, and _________ it.
【答案】1.shot 2.shot at 向。。。射击。Shot 射杀。都是过去式。
要点 6. last
last做动词意为“持续”常与介词for 连用。
last做形容词意为“最后的” ，也可意为“上一次的，最近的”，
例1. It is my last time to take this bus.
这是我最后一次乘坐这辆公交车了。
例2. I went to the cinema to see a movie with my mum last night.
我昨晚跟我的妈妈去电影院看了一场电影。
例3. The rain has lasted for three days. How wet it is!
这场雨连续下了三天，多潮湿啊！
【运用】根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
【典例分析】
1. The boring film __________ for two hours.
A. is B. begins C. lasts
2.炎热的天气持续了几个星期。
The hot weather ________ __________ a few weeks.
3.他是最后一个到达的。
He was __________ ___________ person to arrive.
4.最后，他算出了这道数学题。
________ ________, he worked out the Maths problem.
5.我去年参加了交换生的学习活动.
I took part in the activity of educational exchange __________ __________.
【答案】1.C 2.lasted for 持续。 3.the last 4.At last 5.last year
要点7 achieve
(1) achieve作及物动词，意为“完成,实现”。例如：
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.
要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
No one can achieve anything without effort. 谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
(2) achieve作及物动词，意为“达到,赢得”。例如：
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
She achieved no success. 她有没获得成功。
【拓展】
achievement作名词，意为“成就,成绩”。例如：
The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。
【典例分析】
1. If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A. come out B. come true C. achieve D. come on
【答案】B 句意：如果我们中国人一起努力，中国梦就会实现。Come true实现，成为现实。主语一般指“计划”“梦想，希望”等。Achieve one’s dream 实现梦想。主语一般指人。故答案选B
2.恐怕他的愿望很难实现。
I’m afraid his wish won’t __________ __________easily.
I’m afraid he won’t ___________ __________ _________easily.
【答案】come true achieve his dream
3. Even a small success can give you a sense of ______________ (achieve) .
【答案】achievement
要点8 train
train可做名词“火车”
train可做动词“训练：接受训练”
【展示】
例1. I will go to Wuhan by train.
我将会乘坐火车去武汉。
例2. Look! They are training in the playground.
看，他们正在运动场训练。
【典例分析】
【运用】根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。
1布伦达每天训练两小时备战马拉松比赛。
Brenda spends two hours a day __________ for the marathon.
2.我的小弟弟非常喜欢玩具火车。
My younger brother likes the toy __________ very much.
【答案】1.training 2.train
要点 9.
“increase” 既可用作动词，也可用作名词动词用法。表示数量、程度等的增加、增长。
We need to increase production to meet the growing market demand.
我们需要增加产量以满足日益增长的市场需求。
后面不接宾语，强调数量或程度自身的增长变化。
The population is increasing rapidly.人口在迅速增长。
常用搭配
increase by：表示 “增加了……
The company's profits increased by 20% this year.公司今年的利润增长了 20%
increase to：意为 “增加到……”
The temperature increased to 30 degrees Celsius.温度上升到了 30 摄氏度。
名词用法
意为 “增加；增长；提高”，通常用于短语中，如 “an increase in...” 表示 “在…… 方面的增加”。
There has been a significant increase in the number of students applying for this major.申请这个专业的学生人数有了显著增加。
decrease （反）v. 减少；减小
increasing adj. 渐增的；越来越多的
【典例分析】
1.The school plans to ______ the number of English classes next term to improve students’ language skills.
A. reduce B. increase C. cancel D. forget
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意 “学校计划下学期______英语课数量来提高学生的语言技能”，应选择表示 “增加” 的词汇。increase 意为 “增加”，符合语境。A. reduce（减少）、C. cancel（取消）、D. forget（忘记）均与 “提高技能” 的目标矛盾。
2.The price of vegetables will ______ because of the bad weather.
A. increase B. decrease C. stay D. stop
【答案】A
【解析】increase 表示 “增加”，符合 “坏天气导致蔬菜价格上涨” 的语境。
decrease（减少）、stay（保持）、stop（停止）均与句意不符。
3. The population of this small town ______ 10% last year.
A. increased to B. increased by C. rose to D. grew to
【答案】B
【解析】：“increase by” 用来表示增长的幅度，这里说小镇人口去年增长了 10%，用 “increase by” 恰当。“increase to” 是增加到具体的数量，而不是百分比，所以 A 选项不合适。“rise to” 也是上升到某个具体数值，不用于表示增长的百分比，C 选项不正确。“grow to” 同样是指增长到某个具体的程度或数量，不用于描述百分比的增长，D 选项也错
要点 10.
beyond作介词
表示位置：在…… 较远的一边；在…… 之外。
The mountains in the background were beyond the river.
远处的山脉在河的那一边。
表示时间：迟于；超过（某个时间点）。
Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock at night.晚上不要在外面待到 10 点以后。
表示范围、程度：超出；非…… 所能及。
The problem is beyond my ability.这个问题超出了我的能力范围。
go beyond 超越 beyond control 无法控制
beyond belief 难以置信 beyond question 毫无疑问
beyond expectation超出预期；出乎意料
【典例分析】
1.The beautiful scenery in this park is ______ description. Everyone who visits feels amazed.
A. over B. beyond C. above D. under
【答案】B
【解析】beyond description 是固定搭配，意为 “难以描述”，表示事物的程度超出了言语表达的范围。
A. over（超过）、C. above（在…… 上方）、D. under（在…… 下方）均不能与 description 构成正确搭配，句意不符。
2. The beauty of the scenery is b________ description.
【答案】beyond
3. This math problem is ______ my ability. I can't work it out.
A. beyond B. behind C. under D. below
【答案】A
【解析】“beyond one's ability” 表示 “超出某人的能力范围”，本题说这道数学题超出了 “我” 的能力，“我” 解不出来，A 选项符合题意。
“behind” 表示位置在…… 后面，与能力范围无关，B 选项错误。
“under” 和 “below” 都有 “在…… 之下” 的意思，一般用于描述位置或程度低于，不用于表达超出能力范围，C 和 D 选项都不正确。
要点 11.
lively 表示 “充满活力的；活泼的；生气勃勃的”
The lively child always runs around the playground.
这个活泼的孩子总是在操场上跑来跑去。
We had a lively discussion in the class.我们在课堂上进行了一场热烈的讨论。
表示 “鲜艳的；鲜明的”
She wore a dress in a lively shade of red.她穿了一条鲜艳的红色连衣裙。
表示 “生动的；栩栩如生的”
The storyteller told a lively story that attracted all the children.
讲故事的人讲了一个生动的故事，吸引了所有的孩子。
【典例分析】
1.The music at the party was so ______ that everyone couldn’t help dancing.
A. lively B. alive C. living D. live
【答案】A
【解析】lively 意为 “活泼的；充满生气的”，可形容音乐、氛围等 “充满活力”，符合句意 “派对上的音乐如此热烈，大家都忍不住跳舞”。
辨异：B. alive（活着的）：通常修饰人或动物，作表语或后置定语，如 a fish alive（一条活鱼）。
C. living（活着的）：强调 “现存的”，多用于修饰人或物，如 living things（生物）。
D. live（现场的；活着的）：指 “现场表演的” 或 “活生生的”（多形容动物），如 a live concert（现场音乐会）。
2. The _________(live) music makes everyone dance happily.
【答案】lively
3.她努力练习舞蹈以实现自己的梦想，而且她总是以一种欢快的方式训练 。
She practices dancing hard to____ ______ _____, and she always trains ___ ___ ______ ________.
【答案】achieve her dream in a lively way
要点 12.
Review 的基本用法和例句
一、作动词（Verb）
复习；温习
She stayed up late to review for her math exam.（她熬夜复习数学考试。）
Let’s review the key points from yesterday’s lesson.（我们来复习一下昨天课程的重点。）
评论；评价
The critic will review the new play in tomorrow’s newspaper.（评论家将在明天的报纸上评论这部新剧。）
He reviewed that the restaurant had excellent service.（他评价这家餐厅服务极佳。）
二、作名词（Noun）
复习；温习（A revision of material to prepare for a test）
例句：
Let’s do a quick review of the vocabulary before the quiz.（小测前我们快速复习一下词汇。）
The teacher handed out a review sheet for the final exam.（老师发了一张期末考复习表。）
评论；评价
I read a positive review of the new smartphone.（我读了一篇关于这款新智能手机的正面评价。）
The movie received mixed reviews from audiences.（这部电影获得了观众褒贬不一的评价。）
【典例分析】
1.The professor suggested we do a ______ of the key theories before the final exam.
A. review B. revision C. research D. response
【答案】A
【解析】review（复习）与 "考前复习重点理论" 匹配。
revision（修订）、research（研究）、response（回应）均不符合 "复习" 的语义。
2.Did you read the ______ of the new restaurant in today’s newspaper It sounds amazing!
A. review B. recipe C. record D. request
【答案】A
【解析】review（评论）指报纸上对新餐厅的评价。recipe（食谱）、record（记录）、request（请求）均与 "餐厅评价" 无关。
要点 13.
16-year-old 意为“十六岁的”，是由三个词构成的复合形容词，这三个词之间要用连字符“-”连接 即：数词-可数名词单数形式-形容词。这种复合形容词只能作定语，后面接其所修饰的名词。如：一个五岁的女孩 a five-year-old girl
2）“数词+名词(单数/复数)+形容词”的结构常位于be 动词后面作句子的表语。请对比：
他是一个六岁的男孩。He is a six-year-old boy.
他六岁了。 He is six years old.
【典例分析】
1．We’re tired. Let’s have a _________ rest.
A．ten minutes B．ten-minutes C．ten-minute D．ten minute’s
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们累了。让我们休息十分钟。
考查复合名词。ten minutes十分钟；ten-minutes错误表达；ten-minute十分钟，可作形容词使用；ten minute’s错误表达。根据“Let’s have a...rest.”可知，空处修饰名词rest，用“基数词-名词单数形式”结构作定语。故选C。
2．In Tibet, we found a ________ tree a few days ago.
A．100-meter-tall B．100-meters-tall C．100 meter tall D．100 meters tall
【答案】A
【详解】句意：几天前，我们在西藏发现了一棵100米高的树。
考查复合形容词。空处作定语修饰名词tree，表示“100米高的树”，用“数词-单位(单数)-形容词”构成复合形容词。故选A。
3．Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 7.
A．a 13-years-old B．an 13-years-old C．a 13-year-old D．an 13-year-old
【答案】C
【详解】句意：简是一个13岁的女孩，她在七年级。
考查不定冠词和复合形容词。a、an是不定冠词，表“泛指”。a用在辅音音素开头的单词或字母之前，an用在元音音素开头的单词或字母之前，thirteen是以辅音音素开头的单词，排除B、D；复合形容词构成是“数词+名词+形容词”，其中的名词不能用复数。故选C
要点 14.
1. question 作名词（Noun）表示 “问题；疑问”。
Can I ask you a question 我能问你一个问题吗？
There’s no question that he is talented. 毫无疑问，他很有天赋。
They discussed questions about environment. 他们讨论了关于环境的问题。
2. 作动词（Verb） 表示 “提问；质疑；怀疑”。
The teacher questioned the students in class. 老师在课堂上提问学生。
He questioned why I was late. 他问我为什么迟到。
Some people question the safety of this product. 有些人质疑这产品的安全性
【典例分析】
1. I _______ him about the event, and he gave me an answer to my ______.(question)
【答案】.questioned question
2.The police ______ the suspect for several hours to find out the truth.
A. questioned B. required C. reminded D. reported
【答案】：A
【解析】：“question” 作动词时，有 “询问；审问” 的意思。本句中警察为了查明真相审问嫌疑人几个小时，“questioned” 符合语境。
“required” 是 “require（要求）” 的过去式，“警察要求嫌疑人” 不符合此处要表达的 “审问” 的意思，所以 B 选项错误。
“reminded” 是 “remind（提醒）” 的过去式，“警察提醒嫌疑人” 与句子要表达的查明真相而进行询问的意思不符，C 选项不正确。
“reported” 是 “report（报告）” 的过去式，“警察报告嫌疑人” 不符合逻辑，D 选项错误。
要点 15.
method 作名词（Noun）表示 “方法；方式；办法”
可与动词搭配，如 use, adopt, develop, improve 等。
常与介词 of 或 for 连用，表示 “…… 的方法”。
We need to find a better method to solve this problem.
我们需要找到一个更好的方法来解决这个问题。
She uses a special method for teaching English. 她用一种特殊的方法教英语。
What’s your method of learning new words 你学习新单词的方法是什么？
常见搭配与短语
teaching method：教学方法
research method：研究方法
【典例分析】
1.What’s your ______ for learning English words I forget them easily.
A. method B. problem C. secret D. mistake
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你学习英语单词的 方法 是什么？我很容易忘记。
method（方法） 回应 “如何学习” 的问题，其他选项（问题、秘密、错误）均偏离 “学习方式” 的核心
要点 16.
Compare 作动词（Verb）表示 “比较；对比；比作” 。
compare A with B 将 A 与 B 进行比较（强调两者的异同）。
Let’s compare your answer with mine. 我们把你的答案和我的比较一下。
compare A to B 把 A 比作 B（强调两者的相似性，常用于比喻）。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
Her voice is often compared to a bird’s song. 她的声音常被比作鸟鸣。
compared to/with：与…… 相比（常用于句首或句中作状语）。
Compared with last year, our sales have increased by 20%.
与去年相比，我们的销售额增长了 20%。
beyond/without compare：无与伦比的。
Her beauty is beyond compare. 她的美丽无与伦比。
注意: compare with 侧重 “比较异同”，compare to 侧重 “比喻为”，但在实际使用中有时可互换。
【图解助记】compare比较要分清
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1.请不要老是拿我和别人作比较！
Do not always __________ me __________ others, please!
【答案】compare with 表示“把……和……相比”，表示同类人或事物相比较.
2.他们都开始把他比作雷锋。
They all started to __________ him __________ Lei Feng.
【答案】compare to “compare to 表示“比喻为……”，是指出两者之间的关系相似，常表示不同类人或事物相比作
3.教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。
A teacher’s work_____________ often________ ___________a candle.
【答案】is compared to
4.和你相比,我做得还不够好。
__________ _________ you, I don’t do very well.
【答案】compared with
5—Why are most children under too much pressure
—Because their parents always compared them ________ others.
A. by B. for C. to D. with
【答案】D 句意：因为他们的父母亲总是将他们与别人比较。
6. The biggest ocean does not seem big at all when it is _______ the size of the whole earth.
compared to B. compared with C. comparing with D. comparing to
【答案】B 句意：最大的海洋与整个地球的大小相比，似乎一点也不大。
7.In summer, Wuhan is usually very hot ________ many other cities in China.
A. looked like B. named after C. because of D. compared to
【答案】D句意：在夏天，武汉通常比中国其他许多城市都要热。
考查固定短语。A. looked like看起来像；B. named after以…名字命名；C. because of因为；D. compared to与…相比，跟…相比。本句是过去分词做状语的用法，根据句意可知选D。
要点 17.
feel bored with sth./ doing sth. 对......感到厌烦的
例句：I feel bored with this kind of TV show.我对这类电视节目感到厌烦。
He feels bored with doing the same work every day.他对每天做同样的工作感到厌倦。
【拓展】bored： 感到无聊的；感到厌烦的 boring：adj. 令人厌烦的，无聊的
例句：I'm really bored with this boring lecture.我真的对这场无聊的讲座感到厌烦透顶了。
【典例分析】
1.The movie was so ______ that I fell asleep halfway through it.
A. bored B. boring C. bore D. to bore
【答案】：B
【解析】：“boring”意为“令人厌烦的，无聊的”，一般用来修饰事物，这里说电影是令人感到无聊的，所以用boring。而“bored”意为“感到无聊的”，一般用来修饰人，例如：I was bored with the movie.（我对这部电影感到无聊。）“bore”是动词原形，“to bore”是动词不定式，均不符合句子结构和语义。
She soon ______ the new job because it was too easy for her.
A. felt bored in B. felt bored with C. felt boring with D. felt boring about
【答案】：B
【解析】：“feel bored with”是固定短语，意为“对……感到厌烦/无聊”，这里说她很快对新工作感到厌烦，因为对她来说太容易了，所以要用with。A选项“in”错误；C和D选项中“boring”表示“令人厌烦的”，不能用来形容人的感受，而且搭配也不正确。
要点18 host
host: 作动词，主持
作名词时，意为“主持人”
My dream is to be a host.
我的梦想是成为一名主持人。
Last night, he hosted a lively programme, called The Negotiator.
昨晚，他主持了一个很生动的节目，叫做《王牌对王牌》。
【典例分析】
根据汉语意思，完成句乎，每空一词。
1.这个主持人一整晚都没有睡。
The __________ stayed up the whole night.
2.她每个周末都会主持一场读书会。
She __________ a reading meeting every weekend.
【答案】1.host 2.hosts
要点 19. look like
look like 看起来像 .
Lucy looks like Lily. 露西看上去像莉莉 .
look the same 看起来一样
The twins look the same.
look after 照顾
Mary often helps look after her brother.
look at 看着
Look at the white board, please.
look for 寻找
I’m looking for my lost pen.
look out 当心；小心 look up 查寻；查阅；向上看 look up to 向上看；羡慕
look down on/ upon 看不起；轻视 look into 朝…看去；调查 look forward to 期待；盼望
look around 环顾四周 look through 浏览；翻阅；温习
【典例分析】
1.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
【答案】D
【解析】用短语辨析法解题。look at 看……；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look up 查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。
2.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
3. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
【答案】D
【解析】A．look for 寻找 B．look at看 C．look up 查阅 D．look after照顾。根据句意选D。
4.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou
—Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great!
A．looking down on B．looking out for C．looking up to D．looking forward to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：还没有看，我期待看，听说这部电影很好。looking forward to 期待。
5. —I'm looking forward to ________ the summer holiday with my parents in Thailand.
—Have a great time!
A spend B. spending
C. spends D. spent
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我盼望着和我的父母在泰国一起度过暑假。——祝你玩的愉快！考查动名词。由题干可知本题考查look forward to的用法，look forward to意为“期盼、盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语，结合选项，可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。
6 Girl: I'm____ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go.
Boy: You'll take me, and I'll take the money.
A. taking part in B. taking care of C. looking back at D. looking forward to
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：女孩：我盼望着一次我们可以想去哪儿就去哪儿的旅行。男孩：你可以带上我，我会带上钱。taking part in参加活动；taking care of 照顾；looking back at回顾；looking forward to 盼望，期待。根据句意可知，这个女孩盼望着一次说走就走的旅行，故应选D。
7. —Edward，who________ Li Ping
—No one. Her parents work far away from home.
A. looks for B. looks at C. looks after D. looks out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：------爱德华，谁照顾李萍？------没有人，她的父母在离家很远的地方工作。考查动词短语辨析。A. looks for寻找；B. looks at看；C. looks after照顾；D. looks out小心，留神，当心。结合句意和语境可知选C。
要点 20. on a clear day. on表时间用法
on a clearday /on the fourth Thursday
on 表时间
介词on表时间时，用在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上前
We have no classes on Sunday. 星期日我们没有课
It happened on the morning of the fifteenth. 事情发生在15日的上午
We met Mr. Smith on a warm morning. 我们在一个温暖的早上遇见了史密斯先生
in表时间
介词in常用在表示年、月、季节、世纪的名词前，还可用于上午、下午、晚上等固定短语中
in 2012 在2012年
in September 在9月
in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天
in the 20th century 在20世纪
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
● 6.At three this afternoon. 今天下午3点钟
at表时间
介词at常用在表示时刻的名词前
I usually play basketball at six o’clock in the afternoon. 我通常在下午6点钟打篮球
I have lunch at twelve o’clock at school. 我中午12点学校吃午饭
知识拓展
at 构成的短语
at night 在晚上
at noon 在中午
at Christmas 在圣诞节
【易混辨析】on, in与at
on 用在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上前 on Saturday morning 在周六上午
in 用在世纪、年份、季节、月份，上午、下午或晚上前 in December 在12月 in the evening 在晚上 in 2012 在2012年
at 用来表示在某个时间点、某一时刻或年龄 at six o’clock 在6点 at the age of 25 在25岁
【典例分析】
1、用介词at，in或者是on填空。
1） The students go to school _______the morning.
【答案】in in the morning也可泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上时用 in。
2.）We don’t have lessons _______Saturday or Sunday.
【答案】on on用于具体的某一天，星期前。
3） I often go home _____five in the afternoon.
【答案】at at表示某一具体时刻前。
4）He gets up _____half past six every morning.
【答案】at at表示某一具体时刻前。
5） My friends are busy, and they finish school ______ 7:10 _____the evening.
【答案】at in
6）Lily’s birthday is ___ April 11.
【答案】on
7）My birthday is ___ March. What about you
【答案】in
8）He gets a lot of gifts ___ Christmas Day.
【答案】on
2. The art festival is May and School Day is June 3rd.
A. in; on B. in; at C. on; / D. on; on
【答案】A
【解析】句意：艺术节在五月，校庆是在六月三号。
考查介词辨析。in+月份；on+具体的某一天；at+具体时刻。根据“May五月”可知，第一空填“in”；根据“June 3rd六月三号”可知，第二空填“on”。故选A。
3.________ the afternoon of June 2nd, many foreigners arrived ________ Shanghai.
A. In；at B. On；to C. In；in D. On；in
【答案】D
【解析】在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上用on；到达大地点用介词in。
4. ________ Monday the second class is English. It's ________ 8：55.
A. On；at B. At；on C. On；on D. At；at
【答案】A
【解析】句意：周一第二节课是英语，在8：55开始。
on后面接具体的某一天；in后面接不是具体的某一天；at后面跟某一时刻，根据第一个空后面的Monday是具体的某一天，所以用on，排除B和D，由第二个空后面的8：55是具体的某一时刻，所以用at，排除C，故答案选A。
5.Do you have time ________ the afternoon of Monday？
A. in B. at C. on D. for
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查介词辨析。句意：周一下午你有时间吗？the afternoon of Monday，周一下午，具体某一天的上午／下午／晚上，用介词on。故选C。
6. ---When is Thanksgiving Day
---It’s _______ the fourth Thursday _______ November.
A. at; of B. on; in C. in; on D. on; at
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词的用法。根据句意可知，感恩节在11月的第四个星期四。月份前面用介词in；具体到某一天用介词on。
要点21
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
be used for doing sth. 被用于做某
be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A．used to get B．been used to get
C．used for getting D．been used to getting
【答案】D used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，Be used to doing习惯于做某事，根据句意选D。
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
【答案】C 句意：约翰过去常常用刀吃用餐，但现在他在北京住了几个月后习惯用筷子吃饭。
2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
【答案】used to is used to
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
【答案】used to
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
【答案】used to
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
【答案】are used to
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
【答案】used to
一、【when引导的时间状语从句】
1： when当…的时候，后面跟一个句子，相当于时间状语，这个句子就叫做时间状语从句.
when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
when既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段。
Do you help your parents when you are at home
↑ 主句 ↑ 时间状语从句
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.有人敲门时，她正煮饭。(先后发生)
Father was reading a book when I was sleeping.当我睡觉的时候，父亲看报。(同时发生)
What was your mother doing when you came back 你回来时你妈妈在做什么 (时间点)
When I was a child,I used to go to the Great Wall.当我是小孩子时，我常去长城。
2: when引导的时间状语从句的复合句时态遵循主将从现原则
主句 从句
一般现在时 一般现在时（表示将来） I help my mother do housework when I am free.
祈使句 Please stand up when the teacher comes in.
一般将来时 I will give him the book when he comes back.
过去的某一时态 过去的某一时态 She couldn’t play the guitar when she was 5.
3：当when引导的时间状语从句位于主句之前时，中间要加逗号。
二、【while引导的时间状语从句】
1: while引导时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”,谓语动词必须是延续性动词，须用进行时态。
2:若出现在过去进行时的句子中，结构一般是“while+过去进行时， 一般过去时”。
当主句与从句的动作同时进行时，多用while.
I was shopping,while the UFO landed.当不明飞行物降落的时候，我正在购物。
They were singing while we were dancing.他们唱歌，我们跳舞。
【拓展】
when 和 while 的区别
瞬延皆可when （when+瞬间动词或延续性动词） When the teacher came in, we were talking.（瞬间动词） When you called me, I was out.(瞬间动词）
while只可延 （while+延续性动词） While I was doing my homework, my mom came in. ↑延续性动词 ↑瞬间动词
两个都为延， while句子连 I was reading books while my sister was watching TV. ↑延续性动词 ↑延续性动词
三、【as引导的时间状语从句】
as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”或“一边……一边”, 主、从句的动作同时发生。
As the children walked along the lake,they sang happily.孩子们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。
四、Before引导的时间状语从句】
此时表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
He had studied in this school before he joined the army.参军之前，他在这所学校学习过。
五、【after引导的时间状语从句】
此时主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
After he locked the door,he left.他锁上门后离开了。
注意：after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语常为相同的人或物，如果主句的动作发生在从 句之后，可以转换为not.….until(before),引导的时间状语从句。
He left the classroom after he finished his homework.他完成作业后才离开教室。
→He didn't leave the classroom until (before)he finished his homework.
六、【until(till)引导的时间状语从句】
①until意思是“直到……”,主从句都是肯定句，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，此时until =till。
如：They worked until(till)it was dark. 他们一直工作到天黑。
②表示“直到……才……”时，主句用否定句，从句用肯定句，主句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词。
如：I didn't go to bed until she came back. 直到她回来我才睡觉。
注意until与till,通常可以交换使用，但如果从句在句首，则只能使用until。
Until he went there,he didn't know that. 直到他到那儿，他才知道那件事。
七、【as soon as引导的时间状语从句】
as soon as意思是“一……就……”,当主句是一般将来时态时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will return the book as soon as he finishes it. 他一看完这本书就去归还。
八、【since引导的时间状语从句】
since意思是“自从….”,它引导的从句中的动词多用过去式，主句表示动作的延续，用现在完成时。 如果主句中的动作表示的不是延续性动作而是目前的状态，主句可用一般现在时。
I haven't heard from my friend since I went to Dalian. 自从我去了大连，我就没有收到朋友的来信。 It is ten years since she left here. 自从她离开这儿后，已经10年了。
一、【when引导的时间状语从句】
1： when当…的时候，后面跟一个句子，相当于时间状语，这个句子就叫做时间状语从句.
when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
when既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段。
Do you help your parents when you are at home
↑ 主句 ↑ 时间状语从句
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.有人敲门时，她正煮饭。(先后发生)
Father was reading a book when I was sleeping.当我睡觉的时候，父亲看报。(同时发生)
What was your mother doing when you came back 你回来时你妈妈在做什么 (时间点)
When I was a child,I used to go to the Great Wall.当我是小孩子时，我常去长城。
2: when引导的时间状语从句的复合句时态遵循主将从现原则
主句 从句
一般现在时 一般现在时（表示将来） I help my mother do housework when I am free.
祈使句 Please stand up when the teacher comes in.
一般将来时 I will give him the book when he comes back.
过去的某一时态 过去的某一时态 She couldn’t play the guitar when she was 5.
3：当when引导的时间状语从句位于主句之前时，中间要加逗号。
二、【while引导的时间状语从句】
1: while引导时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”,谓语动词必须是延续性动词，须用进行时态。
2:若出现在过去进行时的句子中，结构一般是“while+过去进行时， 一般过去时”。
当主句与从句的动作同时进行时，多用while.
I was shopping,while the UFO landed.当不明飞行物降落的时候，我正在购物。
They were singing while we were dancing.他们唱歌，我们跳舞。
【拓展】
when 和 while 的区别
瞬延皆可when （when+瞬间动词或延续性动词） When the teacher came in, we were talking.（瞬间动词） When you called me, I was out.(瞬间动词）
while只可延 （while+延续性动词） While I was doing my homework, my mom came in. ↑延续性动词 ↑瞬间动词
两个都为延， while句子连 I was reading books while my sister was watching TV. ↑延续性动词 ↑延续性动词
三、【as引导的时间状语从句】
as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”或“一边……一边”, 主、从句的动作同时发生。
As the children walked along the lake,they sang happily.孩子们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌。
四、Before引导的时间状语从句】
此时表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
He had studied in this school before he joined the army.参军之前，他在这所学校学习过。
五、【after引导的时间状语从句】
此时主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
After he locked the door,he left.他锁上门后离开了。
注意：after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语常为相同的人或物，如果主句的动作发生在从 句之后，可以转换为not.….until(before),引导的时间状语从句。
He left the classroom after he finished his homework.他完成作业后才离开教室。
→He didn't leave the classroom until (before)he finished his homework.
六、【until(till)引导的时间状语从句】
①until意思是“直到……”,主从句都是肯定句，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，此时until =till。
如：They worked until(till)it was dark. 他们一直工作到天黑。
②表示“直到……才……”时，主句用否定句，从句用肯定句，主句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词。
如：I didn't go to bed until she came back. 直到她回来我才睡觉。
注意until与till,通常可以交换使用，但如果从句在句首，则只能使用until。
Until he went there,he didn't know that. 直到他到那儿，他才知道那件事。
七、【as soon as引导的时间状语从句】
as soon as意思是“一……就……”,当主句是一般将来时态时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will return the book as soon as he finishes it. 他一看完这本书就去归还。
八、【since引导的时间状语从句】
since意思是“自从….”,它引导的从句中的动词多用过去式，主句表示动作的延续，用现在完成时。 如果主句中的动作表示的不是延续性动作而是目前的状态，主句可用一般现在时。
I haven't heard from my friend since I went to Dalian. 自从我去了大连，我就没有收到朋友的来信。 It is ten years since she left here. 自从她离开这儿后，已经10年了。
used to do sth
used to do sth 过去常常做......used to 的否定形式常用didn’t use to。
People used to think that the sun went round the earth.
以前人们总是认为太阳是围绕地球转的。（表示现在不这样认为了）
He didn’t use to have any money when he was a boy. 他小时候常常没有钱。
【拓展】be/get used to sth./ doing sth.. 习惯于……
be used to do 被用来做……
I'm used to drinking a cup of water after meal. 我习惯饭后喝一杯水。
This machine is used to clean the wall. 这种机器被用来打扫墙壁。
一、单项选择
1.---The plane won't take off the thick clouds move away.
---Let's wait patiently for the notice from the airport.
A. until B. though C. since D. while
【答案】A
【解析】句意：—— 直到厚云散去，飞机才会起飞。—— 让我们耐心等待机场的通知。“not...until” 表示 “直到…… 才”，符合 “飞机起飞” 与 “云层散去” 的逻辑关系。
2. We need to take action to save every drop of water it is too late.
A. before B. unless C. because D. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们需要采取行动节约每一滴水，以免为时过晚。“before” 表示 “在…… 之前”，隐含 “趁还来得及” 的意思，符合 “节约用水” 的紧迫性。
3.All the guests at the party were dancing and singing happily ________ the electricity was cut off.
A. unless B. while C. when D. because
【答案】C
【解析】句意：停电时，聚会上所有的客人都在高兴地载歌载舞。考查连词辨析。unless除非；while当……时候；when当……时候；because因为。根据“All the guests at the party were dancing and singing happily ... the electricity was cut off.”可知此处表示断电的时候正在载歌载舞，从句是短暂性动作，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Daisy always turns on the TV _____ she comes home.
A. because B. as soon as C. though D. then
【答案】B
【解析】句意：黛西一回家就打开电视。As soon as 一。。。就引导时间状语从句
5. Jack was busy taking notes Mr.Brown was giving a lesson.
A. if B. while C. unless D.when
【答案】B
【解析】句意：布朗先生上课时，杰克忙着记笔记。“while” 表示 “当…… 时”，强调两个动作同时进行（“上课” 和 “记笔记” 同时发生），符合语境。
6. Don't go across the crossing the traffic light turns green.
A. after B.because C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：直到交通灯变绿，才能过马路。“not...until” 表示 “直到…… 才”，符合交通规则中 “绿灯亮才能通行” 的要求。
7. My father used to a bus to work, but now he is used to
A. take;walk B. taking;walking C.taking;walk D. take;walking
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我父亲过去常乘公共汽车上班，但现在他习惯步行了。“used to do” 表示 “过去常常做某事”，“be used to doing” 表示 “习惯于做某事”，第一空用动词原形 “take”，第二空用动名词 “walking”。
8. There a lot of jobs for college graduates. But now,everything is different.
A. are used to having B. used to have C. used to be D. are used to being
【答案】C
【解析】句意：过去有很多适合大学毕业生的工作，但现在一切都不同了。“there used to be” 表示 “过去存在……”，是固定结构，“have” 不能用于 “there be” 句型中，故选 “used to be”
【话题分析】
介绍兴趣爱好/职业选择
本单元谈论我或别人的兴趣，从Reading，listening，talking都为我们写作提供目标语言，能正确使用一般过去时，时间状语从句和used to结构 来描述爱好的开始。写作时我们要学会将这些目标语言进行合适运用—同时要求我们通过本课学习掌握这类文章的写作的基本特点和架构。写作前学会列提纲。
一、在写作过程中要明确以下几点：
1.开门见山。介绍我的爱好。
2. 描述我如何发展我的爱好的。
3. 爱好给我带来的益处。
4. 对未来职业的展望。
【短语积累】
1.理想的工作
2.实现梦想
3.…… 的开始
4.实现；成为现实
5.把... 比作
6.过去常常；曾经
7.对...... 好奇
8.把...... 变成
9.对...... 厌烦
10.对...... 感兴趣
11把你的兴趣转化为你的职业
12.为… 感到自豪
【答案】1.理想的工作 dream job 2.实现梦想 achieve one’s dream 3.…… 的开始 the beginning of (= the start of) 4.实现；成为现实 come true 5.把... 比作 compare... to 6.过去常常；曾经 used to
7.对...... 好奇 be curious about 8.把...... 变成 turn...into 9.对...... 厌烦 feel bored with
10.对...... 感兴趣 be interested in 11把你的兴趣转化为你的职业 turn your interests into your career
12.为… 感到自豪 be proud of
【句式积累】
1.我梦想的工作是当摄影师。
My dream job is to be a photographer.
2.当我5岁时，我就开始弹钢琴。那是我一生爱好的开始。
When I was 5 years old, I began to play the piano. That was the beginning of my lifetime interest.
3.研究星星对我来说很有趣，我对夜空非常好奇。
Studying the stars was great fun for me and I was extremely curious about the night sky.
4.我从来不会对跳舞感到厌烦。
I never feel bored with dancing.
5.当她还是个16岁的女学生时，简就梦想着以研究非洲野生动物为职业。
When she was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.
6.我喜欢拍照，也许未来我的理想职业是成为一名摄影师。
I like taking photos . Maybe my future dream job to become a photographer.
7. 我读了很多关于这个话题的书。随着年龄的增长，我的理解也越来越深。
I read a lot about the topic, and my understanding increased as I grew older.
8.事实上，你也可以把你的兴趣变成你的事业。
Actually, you too can turn your interests into your career.
9.我的爱好是阅读。它们带我进入不同的世界，让我结识有趣的人物。
My hobby is reading. They bring me to different worlds and let me meet interesting people.
10.我非常喜欢打篮球。它让我充满活力，还能帮我保持健康。
I really like playing basketball. It makes me feel energetic and helps me stay fit.
【实战演练】
写一篇英语短文：谈论自己的爱好和未来理想的职业。要求：
1.自己爱好是什么。
2.我什么时候形成自己的爱好。
3.我为什么喜欢自己的爱好。
4.未来的职业设想。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My Wonderful Adventure with Reading
My favorite hobby is reading. It’s like a key to open many funny doors.
I began to love reading at six. My dad first read me stories about animals. Soon, I could read by myself. At first, I read simple picture books. Now I read all kinds of books: funny storybooks, science books about stars, and books about kids in other countries. I read for 20 minutes every night before bed.
Reading never makes me bored. When I read, I feel like I’m in the story. I can be a pirate finding treasure or a scientist discovering new plants. Books also teach me many new things, like how to be kind to others and why the sky is blue.
I hope to write my own book one day. Every book I read is a step to my dream. Whether I’m old or young, reading will always be my best friend.
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