2026年人教版（新教材）八年级下册 Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A Grammar Focus 课件 (共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
2. Whose birthday is it
Unit 2
Stay Healthy
人教版 英语（八年级下册）
Section A
Grammar Focus
2. Whose birthday is it
理解情态动词 should 与 could 的基本含义与用法区别，掌握其肯定、否定及疑问形式。理解反身代词的构成、基本用法及其在句子中的功能。识别并理解语法例句中情态动词与反身代词的使用情境。
01
能在句子中正确使用 should / shouldn’t / could 表达建议、请求、能力或推测。能正确使用反身代词完成句子，表达“自我动作”或“强调”的含义。能在模拟对话中运用所学语法结构，完成“询问健康问题—给出建议”的交际任务。
02
能结合生活实际，运用 should / could 为不同健康问题提出合理建议。能在写作或口语表达中，自觉使用反身代词增强语言表达的准确性与逻辑性。能尝试用英语撰写简短的健康提示或建议清单，体现语法结构的正确使用。
03
学习目标
Watch the video
have + a + sore + 身体部位
have + a/an + 身体部位-ache
have + a + 疾病
have a cold 感冒
have a fever 发烧
have a cough 咳嗽
have the flu 流感
have a stomachache 头疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a headache 头疼
have a backache 背疼
have a sore back 背疼
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
Review : match the phrases with the rules.
Look at the picture and answer the questions as doctors and patients.
What’s wrong
I ate too much last night. Now _________________ .
my stomach aches
You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
What’s the metter
I have a really bad _________ .
toothache
You should see the dentist and get an X-ray.
You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself
I _________ when I fell off my bike.
hurt myself
Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
Read the sentences.
4a
What’s wrong I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
What’s the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
Ask health problems
Describe health problems
Give advice
01
询问病情/状况
1. What’s the matter (with…)
2. What’s wrong (with…)
3. What’s the trouble/problem (with…)
4. What happened (to…)
5. What’s up
6. Is there anything wrong (with…)
7. Do you have a(n) + 疾病名称
Revision
Health problems
1. 主+have/ has+ a/an/the
+疾病.
have a fever
have a cold
have a cough
have the flu
have a headache
have a toothache
have a stomachache
have an earache
have a sore throat
have a sore back
2. 主+have/ has+a/an+“身体部位+ache”
3. 主+have/has+ a sore +身体部位.
描述病情/状况
02
have “患病”
I cut my finger.
I hurt my knee.
I break my arm.
I hurt my leg.
cut
hurt
break
4. 主+cut /hurt / break(摔断) +one’s+ 身体部位
5. There is something wrong with one’s +部位.
There is something wrong
with my/ his/ her...
eyes
ears
主
1. should
2. can
5. had better(最好)
3. must
4. need to
给出建议
03
should表建议
6. Let’s +动原.
7. Why not +动原+其他？
= Why don’t you +动原+其他？
8. How/ What about +doing +其他？
Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice
What’s wrong I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
What’s the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
4a
The usage of modal verbs(should/could).
should/could
表示建议或提议。
Read and complete the sentences with should/ could.
When you have the flu, you ______ wear a mask when you’re outside.
If you did something wrong, you ______ say sorry.
You ________ (not) eat so much next time.
We ________ (not) judge a book by its cover.
A: What ______ I take with me to the party
B: You ______ take some fruit or flowers.
If you want to say sorry, you ______ call him.
should
should
shouldn’t
shouldn’t
should
could
could
（不）应该
可以
The usage of modal verbs(should/could).
should
表示强建议，“应该”
使用场景：
— Why not... / Why don’t you...
— You’d better...
— You should/ shouldn’t ...
使用意义：
给予比较直接、基于常理、责任或最佳选择的建议。带有“这是对的/好的做法”的意味。
The usage of modal verbs(should/could).
could
表示弱建议，“可以”
真题演练：
— Mom, I have a bad headache.
— Oh, dear! You ______ go to see a doctor at once.
A. should B. could C. may D. might
— I don‘t know how to improve my spoken English.
— You ______ join an English club to practice more.
A. must B. will C. could D. have to
使用意义：
高频出现在“请求允许”和“提出建议”的交际功能题中。语气比 can 更礼貌，比 should 更委婉。提出一种可能性或选项，语气非常客气、开放，不给对方压力。是提出建议最常用的方式之一。
Exercise.
— I often feel sleepy in the afternoon.
— You ______ take a short nap after lunch. It really helps.
A. could B. would C. should D. might
— This math problem is too difficult for me.
— Well, you ______ ask your teacher for help tomorrow.
A. must B. will C. could D. need
— Mom, I have a sore throat.
— Oh, dear. You ______ drink more warm water and not talk too much.
A. could B. should C. would D. might
— I don’t know which book to choose for my report.
— You ______ read the introductions first, and then decide.
A. must B. could C. will D. shall
— We need some new ideas for the school project.
— I know! We ______ organize a class brainstorming session.
A. should B. would C. can’t D. needn’t
Read the sentences. Circle the reflexive pronouns.
4a
What’s wrong I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn’t eat so much
next time.
What’s the matter I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.
How did you hurt yourself I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time.
If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.
反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词，可译为“本人”“本身”。反身代词与它所指的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称和数上应保持一致。
它由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格形式在词尾加-self 或-selves 构成。具体见下表：
反身代词
反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己
itself 它自己
复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves
他（她、它）们自己
Learn the usage of the reflexive pronouns.
Reflexive Pronouns
反身代词的用法
请根据汉语意思完成下面的句子。
He finished the work by _______.
他独立完成了工作。
You should see it for _______.
你该亲眼去看看。
She kept the secret to _______.
她把秘密藏在心里。
himself
yourself
herself
by oneself (=alone, without help) 独自/独立地
for oneself 为自己/亲自
to oneself 独自占有
2. 作介词宾语
look after oneself 照顾自己
say to oneself 心里想
talk/speak to oneself 自言自语
Reflexive Pronouns
反身代词的用法
3. 作同位语
强调主语或宾语
反身代词放在强调的名词或代词之后，起强调作用，意为“亲自、本人”。如果去掉，句子意思仍然完整。
请翻译下面几个句子。
I myself made the cake.
_________________________
I made the cake myself.
_________________________
I made the cake by myself.
_________________________
蛋糕是我自己做的(不是别人)。
蛋糕是我自己做的(不是别人)。
蛋糕是我独自一人做的(没有别人帮忙)。
Reflexive Pronouns
反身代词的用法
4.用于固定习语（必考！）
Help yourself/yourselves (to sth)!
请随便吃/用…！
Make yourself at home! 别客气！
Don’t worry. Just be yourself.
别担心，做你自己就好。
I’m not quite myself today.
我今天不太舒服/状态不好。
Exercise.
— Lily, you look so happy!
— Yes. We really ______ at the party yesterday.
A. enjoy ourselves B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoyed us D. enjoy us
The boy is too young to look after ______. You need to help him.
A. him B. his C. himself D. he
— How delicious the cake is! Can I have another piece
— Sure. ______, please.
A. Enjoy yourself B. Help yourself
C. Make yourself at home D. Teach yourself
Don’t worry about your son. He is old enough to do the homework ______.
A. by him B. for him C. by himself D. for himself
The famous scientist ______ gave us a wonderful talk about space yesterday.
A. herself B. by herself C. himself D. by himself
— I’m feeling a bit down today.
— You should talk to your friends. Don’t always keep problems to ______.
A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours
Children, you must learn to protect ______ when you are alone at home.
A. yourself B. yourselves C. themselves D. ourselves
— Who taught you to play the piano, Tony
— Nobody. I learned it all by ______.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
My little brother can’t dress ______ yet, so my mother helps him every morning.
A. he B. him C. himself D. his
— Why does Emma look so unhappy
— She said she didn’t feel ______ today because of the bad weather.
A. her B. she C. herself D. by herself
feel oneself 意为“感觉状态正常”
祈使句主语为you
Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns.
4b
herself
yourself
ourselves
himself
themselves
itself
1. The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by __________.
2. Be careful when you’re using the knife! Don’t cut __________.
3. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy __________ in
the mountains.
4. Mr. Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to
be a doctor _________.
5. The students are young, but they know how to protect _________.
6. Her clearest memory is not of the race _________, but the
terrible pain in her legs the next day.
Complete the passage with should, shouldn’t, or could.
4c
Mobile phones are useful, but you _______ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you _______ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What’s more, you _______ change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you ________ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly ________ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you _______ avoid using your phone too often. You _______ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _______ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages.
should
should
could
shouldn’t
shouldn’t
should
could
could
One plays as an illness or injury, and others guess what it is, then give advice. You can use the expressions below.
Did you have a sore throat / bad cold / ...
Did you fall down your bike / cut yourself / ....
Did you have a sore throat / bad cold / ...
... ...
You should / shouldn’t ...
You could ...
Do/ Don’t ...
Rememer to ...
4d
Act out an illness or injury. Have the others guess what it is and give advice.
Summary
情态动词 用法 例句（来自教材）
should 表 “应该”（强建议） You should see the dentist.
shouldn’t 表 “不应该”（否定建议） You shouldn’t eat so much.
could 表 “可以”（委婉建议） You could eat some soft food.
主格 反身代词 含义 教材例句
I myself 我自己 I hurt myself when I fell.
you（单） yourself 你自己 How did you hurt yourself
you（复） yourselves 你们自己 You can hurt yourselves.
he/she/it himself/herself/itself 他 / 她 / 它自己 The girl cleaned the cut by herself.
we ourselves 我们自己 We can hurt ourselves.
they themselves 他们自己 They know how to protect themselves.
一、语法填空
A. 情态动词填空 (should/could)
1.You ______ see a dentist if your tooth hurts badly.
2.Maybe you ______ try drinking some warm milk before bed.
3.Students ______ not use mobile phones in class.
4.______ I borrow your dictionary for a moment
When you have a fever, you ______ stay at home and rest.
B. 反身代词填空
6. Be careful! Don't cut ______ with that knife.
7. The children enjoyed ______ at the amusement park.
8. I taught ______ how to play the guitar.
9. She made the dress all by ______.
10. "Help ______ to some cookies," my grandma said.
should
could
should
Could
should
yourself
themselves
myself
herself
yourself
二、改错题
找出每句中的一处错误并改正：
You should to drink eight glasses of water every day.
They could going to the park if the weather is nice.
We enjoyed at the beach last weekend.
Could you helping me with this heavy box
She lives by own in a small apartment.
You should not to eat too much junk food.
The cat cleaned it's fur carefully.
to drink → drink
going → go
enjoyed → enjoyed themselves
helping → help
by own → by herself
to eat → eat
it's → itself
三、情景对话补全
Doctor: Good morning. What seems to be the problem
Patient: I have a bad sore throat and a slight fever.
Doctor: Let me check. You (1)______ stay home from school today.
Patient: For how long
Doctor: At least two days. You (2)______ also drink plenty of warm water.
Patient: (3)______ I drink cold water if my throat feels hot
Doctor: No, you (4)______ drink cold water. You (5)______ try honey with warm water.
Patient: OK. I'll do that.
Doctor: And remember to take care of (6)______ . Don't push (7)______ too hard.
Patient: I won't. Last time I (8)______ sick, I went back to work too soon.
Doctor: Exactly. Rest is important. You (9)______ come back if you don't feel better in three days.
Patient: Thank you, Doctor. I'll make sure to look after (10)______.
should
could
Could
shouldn't
could
yourself
yourself
was
should
myself
四、情景对话补全
根据中文提示，用恰当的英语词汇补全句子。
1.你应该每天至少锻炼30分钟。
You ______ exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.
2.如果你觉得无聊，可以读一本书或者听音乐。
If you feel bored, you ______ read a book or listen to music.
3.孩子们在派对上玩得很开心。
The children ________________ at the party.
4.他自学了如何修理自行车。
He _______________ how to repair a bicycle.
5.你不应该对自己太苛刻。
You ____________ be too hard on ______________.
should
could
enjoyed themselves
taught himself
shouldn’t yourself
Homework
基础作业：用思维导图将本单元的语法重点进行归纳。
进阶作业：编写一段对话（6–8句），内容为“朋友生病了，你给他建议”，要求包含： 使用至少2次 should / shouldn’t；使用至少1次 could；使用至少1个反身代词
拓展作业：制作一份“健康生活小指南”海报（中英对照），内容需包含：3条健康建议，每条建议中必须使用 should 或 could；1条使用反身代词的自我护理提示；可配图或图标，增强可读性
2. Whose birthday is it
Thanks
for watching!