Unit 5 Water is life
Unit 5 重点词汇 名词:form /f :m/ n. 类型;种类 journey /Id :ni/ n. (尤指长途)旅行 drop /dr p/ n. 滴;水珠 tap /t p/ n. 水龙头 voice /v s/ n. 说话声 *pipe /pa p/ n. 管子;管道 bath /bɑ:θ/ n. 洗澡;洗浴 brain /bre n/ n. 脑 population / 'p pjuIle n/ n. 人口 agriculture /I ɡr k lt (r)/ n. 农业 trade /tre d/ n. 贸易;买卖 industry /I nd stri/ n. 工业;生产制造 role /r l/ n. 角色 goods /ɡ dz/ n. 商品;货品 income /I nk m/ n. 收入;收益;所得 business /Ib zn s/ n. 买卖;生意 *leisure /Ile (r)/ n. 闲暇;空闲;休闲 duty /Idju:ti/ n. 责任;义务 动词: return /r It :n/ v. 回去;返回 rush /r / v. 迅速移动 fix /f ks/ v. 修理 形容词:everyday/Ievride /adj.每天的; 日常的 salt /s :lt/ adj. 含盐的;咸的 public /Ip bl k/ adj. 公共的;公开的 global /Iɡl bl/ adj. 全球的;全世界的 副词:eventually / Ivent u li/ adv. 最后;终于 (
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)overseas / v Isi:z/ adv. 在国外; 向海外 nearly /In li/ adv. 几乎;差不多;将近 介词:throughout /θru:Ia t/ prep. 自始至终;贯穿整个时期
重点短语 a bit 有点儿;稍微 at once 立即;马上 drinking water 饮用水 play a role in... 在… … 起作用 steam engine 蒸汽机 as a result 作为结果;因此 make sure 确保;设法保证 remember (not) to do sth. 记得(不)要做某事 add... to 把...加到 turn off 关闭
典型句型 1. Where can you find water in your everyday life 你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水? 2.The journey of a drop of water 一滴水的旅程 3. The tap was on. 水龙头开着。 4."Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头!”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。
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5.I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里,最后掉进了一个水库。 6.There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净,还给我加了一些化学物质。 7.Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。 8.Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again. 然后我就进入一条河里,然后再回到海里去。 9.Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 10.If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图,你会发现大多数人都住在水边。 11.At the end of the 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution. 18 世纪末,水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。 12.As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果,靠近水的城市变得更大了。 13.Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes.几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。 14.This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。 15.She wanted to tell her diary about this at once. 她想马上把这件事告诉她的日记。
语言目标 能认读音标/str/ /spr/ /spl/ /skr/ ,并辨识发这些音的 字母或字母组合
语法目标 谈论数量
写作目标 Writing water-saving tips 有关节约用水的建议
【考点 1】Where can you find water in your everyday life 你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水? 【详解】everyday adj. 日常的;每天的
【拓展】辨析 everyday 和 every day
①every day 是副词短语,意思是“每天” ,表示频率通常用作句子的时间状语。
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例:I go to school on foot every day.我每天步行去上学。
②everyday 是形容词意思是“日常的,每天的” ,同义词为 daily 。仅用在名词之前作定语,不能单独使用。例:The Internet has become part of everyday life.互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。
【典例】1 .If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English ________.
A .everyday; everyday B .every day; everyday
C .everyday; every day D .every day; every day
【考点 2】The journey of a drop of water 一滴水的旅程
【详解 1】 journey n. (尤指长途)旅行
【拓展】 辨析 trip, journey, travel 和 voyage
(
词条
用法
)
trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行。常用短语:take a trip 去旅行
journey 指稍长的旅途
travel 是最常用的,指旅行或普通出行
voyage 指海上航行
【详解 2】drop n. 滴; 水珠 a drop of... 一滴 (作动词,意为“v. 落下 ”) 【典例】
1.—He dropped off his bike yesterday.
—Really Did he get hurt
A .left B .took C .Fell
2.(谚语翻译)千里之行,始于足下.
【考点 3】The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
【详解】on 此时是副词,意为“开着 ”。be on 表示“ 已连接、处于工作中的状态 ”。类似的还有: The class is over. 课程结束了。
【典例】1 .Don’t leave the tap ________ after you use it.
A .open B .close C .off D .on
2 .Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on.
A .is off B .is working C .doesn’t work D .can’t work
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【考点 4】"Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头!”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。
【详解 1】turn off 意为“关闭(水、电、电器等) ”。当宾语为代词时,代词要位于中间。 如:Turn it off。 【拓展】turn 的相关短语辨析
【详解 2】voice n. 说话声
【拓展】辨析 noise, voice, sound
词条 含义 用法
noise 噪音;喧闹声 意为“噪音;喧闹声”, 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。.
voice 嗓音;说话声 指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音;或指鸟叫声。
sound 声音 泛指人们听到的各种“声音”, 可以是人或动物的声音, 也可以是大自然的任何声音。
【典例】1 .—Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room. —OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy.
A .turn off; save B .turn into; save C .turn off; collect D .turn into; collect
2 .It’s very hot in the room. Why not ________ the air conditioner (空调)
A .turn on B .turn off C .to turn on D .to turn off
3 .How noisy it is! Could you please ____the CD player a little
A .turn off B .turn down C .turn on D .turn up
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4 .—Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth.
—Sorry. I forgot to _________.
A .turn on it B .turn it on C .turn off it D .turn it off
5 .Please don't make any __ I can hardly hear the speaker's _______________.
A .sound;noise B .noise;sound C .voice;sound D .noise;voice
6 .The parrot is very clever. It can make beautiful _________.
A .sound B .shout C .noise D .voice
【考点 5】I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里,最后掉进了一个水库。 【详解】eventually adv. 最后,终于 。其同义表达有 finally ,in the end ,at last 等。
“fell into ”意为“掉入,落入 ”,fell 的动词原形为___fall______.
【拓展】end up 是一个常用的动词短语,表示 “最终处于某种状态” 或 “以某种结果告终” ,常用于描述意外或非计划中的结局。详细用法如下:
①end up + 地点/状态
They got lost and ended up in a small village.(他们迷路了,最终到了一个村庄。)
If you don’t study, you’ll end up failing the exam.(如果你不学习,考试会不及格。)
②end up + doing sth(最终做了某事)
We ended up staying home because of the rain.(因为下雨,我们最终待在了家里。)
③end up with + 名词(最终有某物/处于某种情况)
He gambled all his money and ended up with nothing.(他赌光了钱,最后一无所有。)
【典例】
1 .You might end up ________ the exam unless you study hard.
A .fail B .to fail C .failing D .failed
2. When you study hard every day, you will _____ succeed in your exams.
A. never B. sometimes C. eventually D. immediately
【考点 6】There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净,还给我加了一些化学物质。
【详解】add: v.添加;增加。“add...to... ” 意为“把...加到...里 ”。另外 add 还有“加 ”的意思。例: I added some water to the chicken soup just now. 我刚才在鸡汤里加了一些水。
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Add 2 and 3 to get 5. 2 加 3 得 5.
【典例】1 .你需要把一些水慢慢地加到锅里去。
You need to the pot very slowly.
2 .If you add four ________ seven, you can get eleven.
A .in B .at C .on D .to
3 .Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.
A .put ... in B .got ... from C.joined ... in D .led ... to
【考点 7】Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。
【详解】a bit 意为“稍微;有点儿 ”,具体用如下。
①a bit 可用于修饰形容词、副词的原级和比较级,此时可与 a little 互换。
例如:I am a bit hungry.=I am a little hungry.我有点饿了。
②a bit 若修饰名词,需要加介词 of,即“a bit of”作形容词,后面加不可数名词。而 a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。
例如:There is a bit of water in the bottle. =There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。
【典例】
1 .There is ________ milk in the glass. It’s ________ bad.
A .a little; a bit B .a little; a bit of C .a little bit; a bit D .a bit; a little
2 .There is ________ meat in the fridge. But it tastes ________ strange.
A .a bit; a little B .a bit of; a little C .a little, a bit of D .A and B
【考点 8】 Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again.然后我就进入一条河里,然后再回到海里去。
【详解】return v. 返回;归还 n. 回来;归还
1. 不及物动词:直接接 to + 地点,表示回到某处。直接接 from+ 地点,表示从某处回来。也可单独使用(无需加地点)。
She returned to her hometown. (她回到了家乡。)
He returned from work at 6 PM. (他 6 点下班回来。)
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2. 及物动词:return + 物品 (to + 人/地点) 归还(物品)给......
Please return the book to the library. (请把书归还图书馆。)
I will return your call later. (我会稍后回电。)
【拓展】return 还可以作名词,意为“归来;回归 ”。“in return ” 意为“作为回报;作为回应 ”。
【典例】
1.I have to return the books to the library today.
A .learn about B .write down C .give back
2 .I’d like to share my chocolates with you _________ for your help with my homework.
A .in time B .in fact C .in return D .in addition
【考点 9】 Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 【详解】remember to do sth. 意为“记得要去做某事 ”;其否定表达为 remember not to do sth.
【拓展】辨析 remember to do 和 remember doing sth.
(
结构
含义区别
例句对比
)
remember to do 记得要去做(未做) She remembered to buy milk.(她记得要去买牛奶。)
remember doing 记得做过(已做) She remembered buying milk.(她记得买过牛奶。)
forget to do 忘记要做(未做) He forgot to call me.(他忘了打电话给我。)
forget doing 忘记做过(已做但忘记) He forgot calling me.(他忘记给我打过电话。)
【典例】1 .—I remember ________ the door when I left. —Yes, you did. But there is something wrong with the lock.
A .locking B .lock C .locked D .to lock
2 .Remember ________ the lights when you leave.
A .turn on B .to turn on C .turn off D .to turn off
3 .Don’t forget ________ your pen with you, Mike.
A .to take B .taking C .takes D .took
4 .—Remember ________ water.
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—OK. I _________.
A .not waste; won’t B .don’t waste; don’t
C .not to waste; won’t D .not to waste; don’t
【考点 10】 If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图,你会发现大多数人都住在水边。
【详解】population n. 人口;族群;具体用法如下:
1.population 常与定冠词the 连用,作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。询问人口数量用句型:
A.What is the population of… 这是最常见的询问某地人口数量的句型。例如: What is the population of China 中国的人口是多少?
B.How large / how big is the population of… 这个句型也可以用来询问人口数量,其中“how large”和“how big”都可以用来形容人口规模的大小。例如:
How large is the population of India 印度的人口规模有多大?
C.How many people are there in … 虽然不如前两个句型正式,但这个句型同样可以用来询问某个地方的人口数量。例如:
How many people are there in New York City 在纽约市有多少人?
2.当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民3. 表示人口的“多”或“少” ,不用 much 或 little ,要用 large 或 small。
China has a large population. (中国人口众多。)
4.表示“某地/某一范围内有多少人口”时,用 have/has a population of。
例如:The village has a population of only 500 people. (这个村庄仅有 500 人。)
【典例】
1 .—________ is the population of India
—More than 1. 4 billion. India has got a ________ population than any other country in the world.
A .How much; larger B .What; more C .How much; more D .What; larger
2 .The population of China _______ large. About four fifths ofthe population _______ farmers.
A .is, are B .are, is C .are, are D .is, is
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【考点 11】At the end ofthe 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution.18 世纪末,水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。
【详解 1】role n. 角色;地位;作用。
“play a big role in... ”意为“在...发挥了重要作用 ”。同义表达为:play a big part in.../ make a big difference to...。例:Technology played a big role(part) in improving modern healthcare.
=Technology made a big difference to improving modern healthcare.
科技在改善现代医疗中发挥了重要作用。
【详解 2】At the end of ... 意为:在…结尾,在…末端
例:At the end of the movie, everyone clapped.(电影结束时,大家都鼓掌了。) At the end of the path, there is a small park.(小路的尽头有一个小公园。)
【典例】
1 .七中的老师们在这次活动中也发挥了重要作用。
Teachers in Number 7 Middle School also the activity.
2 .在晚会结束的时候,她为大家唱了一首歌。
the evening party, she sang a song for us.
【考点 12】As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果,靠近水的城市变得更大了。
【详解】"as a result" 是一个表示因果关系的连接词,意为 "因此,所以,结果" ,用于连接前后两个具有因果关系的句子。
例:He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 他努力学习。结果,他通过了考试。
【拓展】"as a result of + 名词/动名词"(表原因,意为 "由于...")
例:The event was canceled as a result of bad weather.(由于天气恶劣,活动取消了。) 【典例】
1 .They played carelessly. _________, they lost the game.
A .As a result of B .At the end C .As a result D .To the end
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【考点 13】Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes.几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。
【详解】nearly 的基本含义:表示 "几乎,差不多" ,强调接近某个状态或数量,但未完全达到。具体用法:
1. 修饰动词(表示动作或状态接近完成)
位置:通常位于实义动词前(be 动词、情态动词或助动词后)。
She nearly fell when she tripped on the stairs.(她在楼梯上绊了一下,差点摔倒。)
I’ve nearly finished reading this book.(我快读完这本书了。)
2. 修饰形容词或副词(表示程度接近) 位置:位于形容词/副词前。 The bottle is nearly empty.(瓶子几乎空了。) He ran nearly as fast as an athlete.(他跑得几乎和运动员一样快。)
3. 修饰数量或时间(表示接近具体数值) 位置:直接放在数字或时间前。 Nearly 100 people attended the meeting.(将近 100 人参加了会议。) It’s nearly midnight; we should leave now.(快半夜了,我们该走了。)
【典例】
1 .这本书有将近 800 页。
2 .The skyscraper is so tall that it _____ touches the clouds.
A. near B. closely C. nearly D. about
【考点 14】This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。
【详解 1】 “This is because... ”意为“这是因为... ”。具体用法如下:
辨析 用法区别 例句
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辨析 用法区别 例句
This is because+原因 直接解释前句原因 The population grew. ( 结 果 ) This is because healthcare improved.(原因)人口增长了。这是因为医疗保健状况有所改善。
That's why + 结果 用已知原因引出结果,强调由前文原因导致的后果。 He never checks the weather forecast.(原因)That's why he got caught in the rain yesterday.(结果) (他从不看天气预报,这就是为什么他昨天淋雨了。)
口诀总结:"Because" 后跟因,"Why" 后跟果要记清。前因后果用 "why" ,前果后因 "because" 行。
【详解 2】business 意为“n. 商业,生意;商务 ”。
【拓展】businessman: n. 商人 on business: 出差 none of one's business 与某人无关,不关某人的事
【典例】
1 .—What are you good at, Jeremy
—_________. ________ I want to take part in the basketball game this year.
A .Playing all kinds of balls; That's because B .Play all kinds of balls; That's why
C .Playing all kinds of balls; That's why D .Play all kinds of balls; That's because
2.用 that’s because/ that’s why 填空
①.We put the plants by the window. _____________ they need sunlight to grow.
②.It rained heavily yesterday. _____________ the sports day was put off.
【考点 14】It is now our duty to make sure we don't waste water or pollute it.现在我们有责任确保我们不浪费水或污染它。
【详解 1】duty:n.责任;义务
【拓展】①on/off duty(值班/下班)
例:Nurses must stay on duty for 12 hours.(护士需连续值班 12 小时。)
② It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任
例:It’s my duty to help him. 帮助他是我的责任。
【详解 2】make sure 意为“确保 ”。具体用法如下:
①. make sure + (that) 从句
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用法:确保某动作完成或某状态存在(that 可省略)。
例句:Please make sure (that) the door is locked.(请确保门已锁好。)
②. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 用法:提醒或要求某人必须做某事(强调动作本身)。 例句:Make sure to turn off the lights before leaving.(离开前务必关灯。)
③. make sure of/about sth 例句:You should make sure about the terms before signing.(签约前需确认条款细节。)
④. make sure + 疑问词从句(where/when/how 等)
例句:He made sure how the machine works.(他弄清了机器的运作方式。)
【典例】
1 .我认为保护环境是我们的责任。
I think our the environment.
2 .I'm not sure if I can be successful, but I can make sure_____.
A .do my best B .to do my best C .doing my best D .did my best
3.为确保有个健康的身体,我应该每天锻炼。
【考点 15】She wanted to tell her diary about this at once. 她想马上把这件事告诉她的日记。
【详解】at once 意为“立即,马上 ”,在句中通常做状语,常位于句末,可与 right away,immediately 或 right now 互换。
例:Leave the room at once if you feel uncomfortable! 如果感到不舒服,请马上离开房间!
(
单元语法:谈论数量
)
1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可
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a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of no some/any enough
许多 没有 一些/点 足够的
注意:
enough+名词(可数/不可数) 足够的 I have enough apples and enough money.
not enough (不够)+ 名词 不够的 I don’t have enough apples or enough money.
形容词+enough 足够地 He didn’t study hard enough.
2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词
修饰可数名词 a few few many too few too many how many
修饰不可数名词 a little little much too little too much how much
词义 一些 几乎没有 许多 太少 太多 多少
How much 其他特殊用法: (1)询问价格 How much is + 不可数名词 例如:How much is the milk? How much are + 可数名词复数 例如:How much are the apples? (2)询问重量 -How much does the boy weigh 这个男孩有多重? -Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。 (3)询问数字计算结果,相当于 what -How much is ten plus ten 十加十等于多少?
3. 区别:too much ,too many 和 much too
too much + 不可数名词 太多的 We have too much work to do.
much too + 形容词/副词 太.... You are much too kind to me.
too many + 可数名词 太多的 There are too many people here.
【典例】
1.The meat is ______ expensive and eating _______ meat is bad for your health.
A .too much; much too B .much too; too much
C .too much; too much D .much too; much too
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2 .Don’t worry. We still have ________ minutes left.
A .a little B .few C .little D .a few
3 .I am making ________ tea. Would you like ________
A .some; any B .any; some C .some; some D .any; any
4 .—________ oranges do we need to make fruit salad (水果沙拉)
—Three should be enough (足够).
A .How often B .How much C .How many D .How long
5 .I paid 10 for ________ this morning.
A .four bottle milks B .four bottles of milk
C .four bottles of milks D .four milk
6 .About ________ of the students in our class ________ girls.
A .two thirds; are B .two thirds; is C .two third; are D .two third; is
7 .—There is ________ milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy ________ back, Mum.
—OK. Let’s go shopping this afternoon.
A .few; some B .a few; many C .little; some D .a little; much
8 .There is ________ bread at home. Would you please get ________ for us
A .no; some B .not; some C .few; some D .little; any
9 .—________ is your T-shirt, Kate
—It’s seven dollars.
A .How much B .How many C .How old
10 .The man has ________ friends in this city, so he often stays at home.
A .a few B .few C .little D .a little
二、选词填空
选择 little ,few ,a little ,a few ,many ,much 填空
1 .—Would you like some juice
—Yes, just .
2 .The question is so difficult that very students in our class can answer it.
3 .He made so mistakes in his writings.
4 .Could I have words with you, Miss Brown
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5 .Nobody likes speaking to him, because he does for other students.
6 .Middle school students always have too homework to do.
一、语音知识
辅音连缀 /str/ 、/spl/ 、/spr/ 、/skr/ 中,存在清辅音浊化的现象。在一些单词中,我们需要把 /s/ 后面的清辅音发成它对应的浊辅音。如:
/tr/——/dr/:street 中 s 后的 /tr/ 常发 /dr/ 的音/p/——/b/:spring 中 s 后的 /p/ 常发 /b/ 的音 /k/——/g/:screen 中 s 后的 /k/ 常发 /g/ 的音
二、书面表达
水对人类非常重要,而世界上的水资源是有限的,所以我们必须要养成节约用水的好习惯才能保证水资源的可持续性利用。请你结合所学知识, 以“How to Save Water”为题,用英语写一篇短文,给大家介绍一些节水方法。
要点提示:
1. 记得关水龙头;
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2. 快速地洗澡;
3. 重复利用水;
4. … …
写作要求:
1. 文中须包含所给的要点提示,可适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称;
3. 词数 70 左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
参考词汇: limited 有限的, if possible 如果可能的话
How to Save Water
Water is important to people, but water is also limited. So we should develop a good habit of using and saving
water.
Easy steps also count. Let’s save water together.
第 16 页 共 16 页Unit 5 Water is life
Unit 5 重点词汇 名词:form /f :m/ n. 类型;种类 journey /Id :ni/ n. (尤指长途)旅行 drop /dr p/ n. 滴;水珠 tap /t p/ n. 水龙头 voice /v s/ n. 说话声 *pipe /pa p/ n. 管子;管道 bath /bɑ:θ/ n. 洗澡;洗浴 brain /bre n/ n. 脑 population / 'p pjuIle n/ n. 人口 agriculture /I ɡr k lt (r)/ n. 农业 trade /tre d/ n. 贸易;买卖 industry /I nd stri/ n. 工业;生产制造 role /r l/ n. 角色 goods /ɡ dz/ n. 商品;货品 income /I nk m/ n. 收入;收益;所得 business /Ib zn s/ n. 买卖;生意 *leisure /Ile (r)/ n. 闲暇;空闲;休闲 duty /Idju:ti/ n. 责任;义务 动词: return /r It :n/ v. 回去;返回 rush /r / v. 迅速移动 fix /f ks/ v. 修理 形容词:everyday/Ievride /adj.每天的; 日常的 salt /s :lt/ adj. 含盐的;咸的 public /Ip bl k/ adj. 公共的;公开的 global /Iɡl bl/ adj. 全球的;全世界的 副词:eventually / Ivent u li/ adv. 最后;终于 (
'
)overseas / v Isi:z/ adv. 在国外; 向海外 nearly /In li/ adv. 几乎;差不多;将近 介词:throughout /θru:Ia t/ prep. 自始至终;贯穿整个时期
重点短语 a bit 有点儿;稍微 at once 立即;马上 drinking water 饮用水 play a role in... 在 … … 起作用 steam engine 蒸汽机 as a result 作为结果;因此 make sure 确保;设法保证 remember (not) to do sth. 记得(不)要做某事 add... to 把...加到 turn off 关闭
典型句型 1. Where can you find water in your everyday life 你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水? 2.The journey of a drop of water 一滴水的旅程 3. The tap was on. 水龙头开着。 4."Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头 !”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。
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5.I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里,最后掉进了一个水库。 6.There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净,还给我加了一些化学物质。 7.Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。 8.Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again.然后我就进入一条河里,然后再回到海里去。 9.Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 10.If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图,你会发现大多数人都住在水边。 11.At the end of the 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution.18 世纪末,水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。 12.As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果,靠近水的城市变得更大了。 13.Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes. 几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。 14.This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。 15.She wanted to tell her diary about this at once. 她想马上把这件事告诉她的日记。
语言目标 能认读音标/str/ /spr/ /spl/ /skr/ ,并辨识发这些音的 字母或字母组合
语法目标 谈论数量
写作目标 Writing water-saving tips 有关节约用水的建议
【考点 1】Where can you find water in your everyday life 你在日常生活中在哪里可以找到水? 【详解】everyday adj. 日常的;每天的
【拓展】辨析 everyday 和 every day
①every day 是副词短语,意思是“每天” ,表示频率通常用作句子的时间状语。
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例:I go to school on foot every day.我每天步行去上学。
②everyday 是形容词意思是“日常的,每天的” ,同义词为 daily 。仅用在名词之前作定语,不能单独使用。例:The Internet has become part of everyday life.互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。
【典例】1 .If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more _______ English ________.
A .everyday; everyday B .every day; everyday
C .everyday; every day D .every day; every day
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果你想提高你的英语口语,你应该每天多说日常英语。
考查形容词与副词辨析。everyday 日常的,每天的,形容词;every day 每天,频率副词。根据“If you want to improve your spoken English, you should speak more …English …”可知,第一个空处应用形容词修饰 English,第二个空应用副词修饰谓语动词 speak 。故选 C。
【考点 2】The journey of a drop of water 一滴水的旅程
【详解 1】 journey n. (尤指长途)旅行
【拓展】 辨析 trip, journey, travel 和 voyage
(
词条
用法
)
trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行。常用短语:take a trip 去旅行
(
指稍长的旅途
) (
journey
)
travel 是最常用的,指旅行或普通出行
voyage 指海上航行
【详解 2】drop n. 滴; 水珠 a drop of... 一滴 (作动词,意为“v. 落下 ”)
【典例】1.—He dropped off his bike yesterday.
—Really Did he get hurt
A .left B .took C .fell
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——他昨天从自行车上掉下来了。——真的吗?他受伤了吗?
考查动词辨析。left 离开;took 拿走;fell 落下。根据“He dropped off his bike yesterday.”和“Did he get hurt ”可知,他从自行车上掉了下来;drop 在此表示“掉落” ,与 C 项同义。故选 C。
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2.(谚语翻译)千里之行,始于足下。
【答案】A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
【考点 3】The tap was on. 水龙头开着。
【详解】on 此时是副词,意为“开着 ”。be on 表示“ 已连接、处于工作中的状态 ”。
类似的还有: The class is over. 课程结束了。
【典例】1 .Don’t leave the tap ________ after you use it.
A .open B .close C .off D .on
【答案】D
【详解】句意:用完后不要让水龙头开着。
考查动词短语。open 打开;close 关闭;off 离开(某处);on 继续着。根据“Don’t leave the tap...after you use it.”可知,此处是 leave...on 短语,意为“让 … …开着” ,故选 D。
2 .Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on.
A .is off B .is working C .doesn’t work D .can’t work
【答案】B
【详解】句意:蒂姆不在客厅,但电视开着。
考查同义词替换。is off 关掉了;is working 正在工作;doesn’t work 没有工作;can’t work 不能工作。根据“Tim isn’t in the living room, but the TV is on.”可知,此处指电视机是开着的状态,即电视机正在工作,划线部分与B 选项同义。故选 B。
【考点 4】"Turn that tap off!" said an angry voice suddenly.“关掉那个水龙头!”突然有一个愤怒的声音说。
【详解 1】turn off 意为“关闭(水、电、电器等) ”。当宾语为代词时,代词要位于中间。 如:Turn it off。 【拓展】turn 的相关短语辨析
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【详解 2】voice n. 说话声
【拓展】辨析 noise, voice, sound
(
词条
含义
用法
)
noise 噪音;喧闹声 意为“噪音;喧闹声”, 常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。·
voice 嗓音;说话声 指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音;或指鸟叫声。
sound 声音 泛指人们听到的各种“声音”, 可以是人或动物的声音, 也可以是大自然的任何声音。
【典例】1 .—Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room.
—OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy.
A .turn off; save B .turn into; save C .turn off; collect D .turn into; collect
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——当你离开房间时不要忘了关灯。——好的,我不会。我知道我们应该节能。
考查动词短语及动词辨析。turn off 关掉;turn into 变成;save 节约;collect 收集。根据“when you leave the room.”可知,离开房间时要关灯,空一用 turn off;由“Don’t forget to ... the light when you leave the room.”可知,关灯是为了节约能源,空二用 save 。故选 A。
2 .It’s very hot in the room. Why not ________ the air conditioner (空调)
A .turn on B .turn off C .to turn on D .to turn off
【答案】A
【详解】句意:房间里很热。为什么不打开空调呢?
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考查动词短语。turn on 打开;turn off 关闭,句型 why not+动词原形意为“为什么不 … …”,排除 C 和 D,由“It’s very hot in the room”可知,应该是打开空调,排除 B ,故选 A。
3 .How noisy it is! Could you please ____the CD player a little
A .turn off B .turn down C .turn on D .turn up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:太吵了!你能把 CD 唱片关小点吗?A. turn off 关掉;B. turn down 关小; C. turn on 打开;D. turn up 开大。根据句意故选 B
4 .—Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth.
—Sorry. I forgot to _________.
A .turn on it B .turn it on C .turn off it D .turn it off
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——刷牙的时候,不要让水一直流淌着。——对不起。我忘了关上它。
考查动词词组辨析。turn on 打开;turn off 关闭。根据“Don’t keep the water running while brushing your teeth.”可知,此处表示忘了关上,故用turn off;turn off 为动词+副词构成的词组,代词作宾语时要用宾格放在中间。故选 D。
5 .Please don't make any __ I can hardly hear the speaker's _______________.
A .sound;noise B .noise;sound C .voice;sound D .noise;voice
【答案】D
【详解】句意:请不要发出任何噪音,我几乎不能听见演讲者的声音。sound 声音,可以指人的声音或其他东西发出的声音,不论高低,是否悦耳;noise 通常指噪音;voice 一般指人的声音,说话,唱歌,谈笑;故选 D
6 .The parrot is very clever. It can make beautiful _________.
A .sound B .shout C .noise D .voice
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个鹦鹉非常聪明,它能发出美妙的声音。A. sound 声音,(指人或动物的声音); B. shout喊; C. noise 噪音; D. voice 声音(指人的声音);故选 A
【考点 5】I fell into a river and eventually ended up in a reservoir.我掉进了河里,最后掉进了一个水库。 【详解】eventually adv. 最后,终于 。其同义表达有 finally ,in the end ,at last 等。
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“fell into ”意为“掉入,落入 ”,fell 的动词原形为___fall______.
【拓展】end up 是一个常用的动词短语,表示 “最终处于某种状态” 或 “以某种结果告终” ,常用于描述意外或非计划中的结局。详细用法如下:
①end up + 地点/状态
They got lost and ended up in a small village.(他们迷路了,最终到了一个村庄。)
If you don’t study, you’ll end up failing the exam.(如果你不学习,考试会不及格。)
②end up + doing sth(最终做了某事)
We ended up staying home because of the rain.(因为下雨,我们最终待在了家里。)
③end up with + 名词(最终有某物/处于某种情况)
He gambled all his money and ended up with nothing.(他赌光了钱,最后一无所有。)
【典例】
1 .You might end up ________ the exam unless you study hard.
A .fail B .to fail C .failing D .failed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:除非你努力学习,否则你可能会考试不及格。
考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth“最终做某事”为固定搭配,此处应用动名词作介词宾语。故选 C。
2.When you study hard every day, you will _____ succeed in your exams.
A. never B. sometimes C. eventually D. immediately
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当你每天都努力学习时,你会在考试中取得成功。这道题考查的是副词的用法。选项 A "never"表示从不,与题意相反;选项 B "sometimes" 表示有时,与题意不符;选项 C "eventually" 表示最终,符合题意;选项 D "immediately" 表示立即,与题意不符。因此,正确答案是 C "eventually"。
【考点 6】There people cleaned me and added some chemicals to me.那里有人给我清洗干净,还给我加了一些化学物质。
【详解】add: v.添加;增加。“add...to... ” 意为“把...加到...里 ”。另外 add 还有“加 ”的意思。例: I added some water to the chicken soup just now. 我刚才在鸡汤里加了一些水。
Add 2 and 3 to get 5. 2 加 3 得 5.
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【典例】1 .你需要把一些水慢慢地加到锅里去。
You need to the pot very slowly.
【答案】 add some water to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,把 … …加到 … …“add...to...” ,一些水“some water” 。故填 add;some;water;
to。
2 .If you add four ________ seven, you can get eleven.
A .in B .at C .on D .to
【答案】D
【详解】句意:如果你把四加上七,就会得到十一。
考查固定搭配。add Ato B 意为“把 A 加到 B 里” ,固定搭配。故选 D。
3 .Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.
A .put ... in B .got ... from C.joined ... in D .led ... to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克在汤里放了太多的盐,所以汤很咸。
考查动词与介词的搭配。put ... in 把 … …放 … … 里;got ... from 从 … …得到 … …;joined ... in 加入 … …在 … …里面;led ... to 领着 … … 到。根据“Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.”可知,在汤里加盐,add ... to 表示“添加 … … 到 … …” ,与 A 选项同义。故选 A。
【考点 7】Because I was a bit dirty. 因为我有点脏了。
【详解】a bit 意为“稍微;有点儿 ”,具体用如下。
①a bit 可用于修饰形容词、副词的原级和比较级,此时可与 a little 互换。
例如:I am a bit hungry.=I am a little hungry.我有点饿了。
②a bit 若修饰名词,需要加介词 of,即“a bit of”作形容词,后面加不可数名词。而 a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。
例如:There is a bit of water in the bottle. =There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。
【典例】
1 .There is ________ milk in the glass. It’s ________ bad.
A .a little; a bit B .a little; a bit of C .a little bit; a bit D .a bit; a little
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【答案】A
【详解】句意:杯子里有一点牛奶。有点儿坏了。
考查短语。a little 一些,修饰不可数名词;a little bit 修饰形容词或副词;a bit of 一点儿,修饰不可数名词;a bit 稍微,修饰形容词或副词。a little 可以修饰不可数名词 milk;修饰形容词 bad 填 a bit 。故选 A。
2 .There is ________ meat in the fridge. But it tastes ________ strange.
A .a bit; a little B .a bit of; a little C .a little, a bit of D .A and B
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰箱里有一点肉。但是它尝起来有点奇怪。
考查短语辨析。a little“一点”和 a bit“一点”在修饰形容词,副词,动词时用法一样,第二空可以用 a little ,排除 C 选项。a bit of 修饰不可数名词,a little 也可以修饰不可数名词,所以第一空可以填 a little 或 a bit of,排除 A 和D 选项,故选 B。
【考点 8】 Then I'll go into a river, and after that I'll return into the sea again.然后我就进入一条河里,然后再回到海里去。
【详解】return v. 返回;归还 n. 回来;归还
1. 不及物动词:直接接 to + 地点,表示回到某处。直接接 from+ 地点,表示从某处回来。也可单独使用(无需加地点)。
She returned to her hometown. (她回到了家乡。)
He returned from work at 6 PM. (他 6 点下班回来。)
2. 及物动词:return + 物品 (to + 人/地点) 归还(物品)给......
Please return the book to the library. (请把书归还图书馆。)
I will return your call later. (我会稍后回电。)
【拓展】return 还可以作名词,意为“归来;回归 ”。“in return ” 意为“作为回报;作为回应 ”。
【典例】
1.I have to return the books to the library today.
A .learn about B .write down C .give back
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我今天得把书还给图书馆。
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考查动词短语。learn about 了解;write down 写下;give back 归还。根据“I have to return the books to the library today.”可知,return 指“归还” ,与 give back 同义。故选 C。
2 .I’d like to share my chocolates with you _________ for your help with my homework.
A .in time B .in fact C .in return D .in addition
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我想和你分享我的巧克力糖, 以回报你帮助我做作业。
考查介词短语辨析。in time 及时;in fact 事实上;in return 作为回报;in addition 此外,另外。根据“share my chocolates with you … for your help with my homework”可知,此处是指分享巧克力糖作为帮助做作业的回报,应用“in return” 。故选 C。
【考点 9】 Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是很宝贵的。 【详解】remember to do sth. 意为“记得要去做某事 ”;其否定表达为 remember not to do sth.
【拓展】辨析 remember to do 和 remember doing sth.
结构 含义区别 例句对比
remember to do 记得要去做(未做) She remembered to buy milk.(她记得要去买牛奶。)
remember doing 记得做过(已做) She remembered buying milk.(她记得买过牛奶。)
forget to do 忘记要做(未做) He forgot to call me.(他忘了打电话给我。)
forget doing 忘记做过(已做但忘记) He forgot calling me (他忘记给我打过电话。)
【典例】1 .—I remember ________ the door when I left.
—Yes, you did. But there is something wrong with the lock.
A .locking B .lock C .locked D .to lock
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我记得离开时锁了门。——是的,你锁了。但是锁有些问题。
考查非谓语动词。locking 锁,动名词或现在分词;lock 动词原形;locked 动词过去式;to lock 动词不定式。 remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”;remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事” 。根据“Yes, you did.”可知,此处表示记得锁了门,空处用动名词形式。故选 A。
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2 .Remember ________ the lights when you leave.
A .turn on B .to turn on C .turn off D .to turn off
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你离开时记得关灯。
考查动词短语。turn on 打开;turn off 关上。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事” ,remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”;根据“when you leave”可知此处指“记得关灯”,应用 remember to do sth.这一结构,故选 D。
3 .Don’t forget ________ your pen with you, Mike.
A .to take B .taking C .takes D .took
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Mike ,不要忘了带上你的钢笔。
考查非谓语动词。forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”;forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”。结合语境可知“带上钢笔”这个动作还没有发生,forget 后面选用动词不定式。故选 A。
4 .—Remember ________ water.
—OK. I _________.
A .not waste; won’t B .don’t waste; don’t
C .not to waste; won’t D .not to waste; don’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——记得不要浪费水。——好的,我将不会浪费。
考查不定式结构及祈使句的回答。考查短语“remember not to do sth”记得不要做某事;祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will 或 won’t 。第二空表达“我将不会浪费水” ,应是 won’t。故选 C。
【考点 10】 If you look at a population map of any country in the world, you will see that most people live close to water.如果你看一下世界上任何一个国家的人口地图,你会发现大多数人都住在水边。
【详解】population n. 人口;族群;具体用法如下:
1.population 常与定冠词the 连用,作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。询问人口数量用句型:
A.What is the population of… 这是最常见的询问某地人口数量的句型。例如: What is the population of China 中国的人口是多少?
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B.How large / how big is the population of… 这个句型也可以用来询问人口数量,其中“how large”和“how big”都可以用来形容人口规模的大小。例如:
How large is the population of India 印度的人口规模有多大?
C.How many people are there in … 虽然不如前两个句型正式,但这个句型同样可以用来询问某个地方的人口数量。例如:
How many people are there in New York City 在纽约市有多少人?
2.当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民3. 表示人口的“多”或“少” ,不用 much 或 little ,要用 large 或 small。
China has a large population. (中国人口众多。)
4.表示“某地/某一范围内有多少人口”时,用 have/has a population of。
例如:The village has a population of only 500 people. (这个村庄仅有 500 人。)
【典例】
1 .—________ is the population of India
—More than 1. 4 billion. India has got a ________ population than any other country in the world.
A .How much; larger B .What; more C .How much; more D .What; larger
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——印度的人口是多少?——超过 14 亿。印度的人口比世界上任何其他国家都多。
考查特殊疑问句及形容词辨析。How much 多少,询问不可数名词的数量;What 什么;larger 更大的;more更多的。根据“is the population of India”并结合选项可知,此处询问人口数量,应用句型“What’s the population of... ” ;根据第二个空空后的“population”并结合选项可知,此处形容人口数量多,可以使用 large ,此处应用比较级形式 larger 。故选 D。
2 .The population of China _______ large. About four fifths ofthe population _______ farmers.
A .is, are B .are, is C .are, are D .is, is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:中国的人口众多。大约五分之四的人口是农民。
考查主谓一致。population 是集体名词,根据“large”可知主语 The population of China 指“中国的人口” ,把人口看成一个整体,谓语应用单数形式,即 be 动词应用 is;根据“farmers”可知主语 About four fifths ofthe
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population 可知此处强调的是人口的个体,谓语应用复数形式,即 be 动词应用 are 。故选 A。
【考点 11】At the end ofthe 18th century, water played a big role in the Industrial Revolution.18 世纪末,水在工业革命中发挥了重要作用。
【详解 1】role n. 角色;地位;作用。
“play a big role in... ”意为“在...发挥了重要作用 ”。同义表达为:play a big part in.../ make a big difference to...。
例:Technology played a big role(part) in improving modern healthcare. =Technology made a big difference to improving modern healthcare.
科技在改善现代医疗中发挥了重要作用。
【详解 2】At the end of ... 意为:在…结尾,在…末端
例:At the end of the movie, everyone clapped.(电影结束时,大家都鼓掌了。) At the end of the path, there is a small park.(小路的尽头有一个小公园。)
【典例】
1 .七中的老师们在这次活动中也发挥了重要作用。
Teachers in Number 7 Middle School also the activity.
【答案】 played an important part in
【详解】在 … … 中发挥重要作用:play an important part in ,根据语境可知,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填 played;an;important;part;in。
2 .在晚会结束的时候,她为大家唱了一首歌。
the evening party, she sang a song for us.
【答案】 At the end of
【详解】通过中英文句子对照可知,英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“在...结束的时候”,英文表达是 at the end of,固定短语,注意句首字母要大写,故填 At;the;end;of。
【考点 12】As a result, the cities that were close to water grew much larger.结果,靠近水的城市变得更大了。
【详解】"as a result" 是一个表示因果关系的连接词,意为 "因此,所以,结果" ,用于连接前后两个具有因
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果关系的句子。
例:He studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 他努力学习。结果,他通过了考试。
【拓展】"as a result of + 名词/动名词"(表原因,意为 "由于...")
例:The event was canceled as a result of bad weather.(由于天气恶劣,活动取消了。) 【典例】
1 .They played carelessly. _________, they lost the game.
A .As a result of B .At the end C .As a result D .To the end
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们漫不经心地玩。结果,他们输了这场比赛。A. As a result of“由于 … 的原因” ,of 是介词,后跟名词、代词等;B. At the end 在末尾;C. As a result 结果;通常放在句首,D. To the end 到结果。故选 C。点睛:as a result of 为短语介词,后跟名词、代词等,意为“由于 … 的原因”相当于 because of;as a result 为副词用法,意为“结果是” ,后面内容指事情的结果。
【考点 13】Nearly all of these cities are on the coast or by rivers or lakes.几乎所有这些城市都位于沿海或河畔或湖畔。
【详解】nearly 的基本含义:表示 "几乎,差不多" ,强调接近某个状态或数量,但未完全达到。具体用法:
1. 修饰动词(表示动作或状态接近完成)
位置:通常位于实义动词前(be 动词、情态动词或助动词后)。
She nearly fell when she tripped on the stairs.(她在楼梯上绊了一下,差点摔倒。)
I’ve nearly finished reading this book.(我快读完这本书了。)
2. 修饰形容词或副词(表示程度接近)
位置:位于形容词/副词前。
The bottle is nearly empty.(瓶子几乎空了。)
He ran nearly as fast as an athlete.(他跑得几乎和运动员一样快。)
3. 修饰数量或时间(表示接近具体数值)
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位置:直接放在数字或时间前。
Nearly 100 people attended the meeting.(将近 100 人参加了会议。) It’s nearly midnight; we should leave now.(快半夜了,我们该走了。)
【典例】
1 .这本书有将近 800 页。
【答案】The book has nearly 800 pages.
2 .The skyscraper is so tall that it _____ touches the clouds.
A. near B. closely C. nearly D. about
【答案】C
【详解】这道题考查的是副词的用法。根据题目的意思,这栋摩天大楼非常高,几乎要触到云层了。选项 A "near" 表示在附近,不符合题意;选项 B "closely" 表示紧密地,不符合题意;选项 C "nearly" 表示几乎,符合题意;选项 D "about" 表示关于,不符合题意。因此,正确答案是 C "nearly"。
【考点 14】This is because cities need water for people's homes, industry, business, tourism and leisure activities.这是因为城市需要水来满足人们的居住、工业、商业、旅游和休闲活动。
【详解 1】 “This is because... ”意为“这是因为... ”。具体用法如下:
辨析 用法区别 例句
This is because+原因 直接解释前句原因 The population grew. ( 结 果 ) This is because healthcare improved.(原因)人口增长了。这是因为医疗保健状况有所改善。
That's why + 结果 用已知原因引出结果,强调由前文原因导致的后果。 He never checks the weather forecast.(原因)That's why he got caught in the rain yesterday.(结果) (他从不看天气预报,这就是为什么他昨天淋雨了。)
口诀总结:"Because" 后跟因,"Why" 后跟果要记清。前因后果用 "why" ,前果后因 "because" 行。
【详解 2】business 意为“n. 商业,生意;商务 ”。
【拓展】businessman: n. 商人 on business: 出差 none of one's business 与某人无关,不关某人的事
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【典例】
1 .—What are you good at, Jeremy
—_________. ________ I want to take part in the basketball game this year.
A .Playing all kinds of balls; That's because B .Play all kinds of balls; That's why
C .Playing all kinds of balls; That's why D .Play all kinds of balls; That's because
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你擅长什么,杰里米? ——打各种各样的球。这就是我今年想参加篮球比赛的原因。分析句子结构可知,第一个空的答语应该是 I’m good at playing all kinds of balls. 的省略句。因此排除 B/D;其次“Playing all kinds of balls.”又是“I want to take part in the basketball game this year.”的原因,因此用 That's why 引导。故选 C。
2.用 that’s because/ that’s why 填空
①.We put the plants by the window. _____________ they need sunlight to grow.
答案:This is because
解析:前句结果(把植物放在窗边),后句需解释原因(需要阳光)。This is because 用于说明原因,回答“为什么”。
②.It rained heavily yesterday. _____________ the sports day was put off.
答案:This is why
解析:前句是原因(昨天下大雨),后句是结果(运动会推迟)。This is why 用于引出结果,意为“这就是为什么...”。
【考点 14】It is now our duty to make sure we don't waste water or pollute it.现在我们有责任确保我们不浪费水或污染它。
【详解 1】duty:n.责任;义务
【拓展】①on/off duty(值班/下班)
例:Nurses must stay on duty for 12 hours.(护士需连续值班 12 小时。)
② It is one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任
例:It’s my duty to help him. 帮助他是我的责任。
【详解 2】make sure 意为“确保 ”。具体用法如下:
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①. make sure + (that) 从句
用法:确保某动作完成或某状态存在(that 可省略)。
例句:Please make sure (that) the door is locked.(请确保门已锁好。)
②. make sure to do sth 确保做某事 用法:提醒或要求某人必须做某事(强调动作本身)。 例句:Make sure to turn off the lights before leaving.(离开前务必关灯。)
③. make sure of/about sth 例句:You should make sure about the terms before signing.(签约前需确认条款细节。)
④. make sure + 疑问词从句(where/when/how 等)
例句:He made sure how the machine works.(他弄清了机器的运作方式。)
【典例】
1 .我认为保护环境是我们的责任。
I think our the environment.
【答案】 it’s duty to protect
【详解】根据英汉对照可知,空格处填“责任”和“保护” ,duty“责任” ,protect“保护” ,由形容词物主代词 our可知,our 后面的空格处用名词。此句句型是 It’s+名词+to do sth.“做某事是 … …”,故填 it’s;duty;to;protect。
2 .I'm not sure if I can be successful, but I can make sure_____.
A .do my best B .to do my best C .doing my best D .did my best
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不确定我是否可以成功,但是我一定会尽力。
考查动词短语。make sure to do sth.是固定搭配,表示“一定要做某事” ,make sure 后面应该使用不定式。故选
B。
3.为确保有个健康的身体,我应该每天锻炼。
【答案】To make sure I have a healthy body, I should exercise every day.
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【详解】make sure“确保” ,此处用不定式结构表目的,I“我” ,have“有” ,a healthy body“一个健康的身体” , should“应该”,exercise“运动”,every day“每天”。故填 To make sure I have a healthy body, I should exercise every day.
【考点 15】She wanted to tell her diary about this at once. 她想马上把这件事告诉她的日记。
【详解】at once 意为“立即,马上 ”,在句中通常做状语,常位于句末,可与 right away,immediately 或 right now 互换。
例:Leave the room at once if you feel uncomfortable! 如果感到不舒服,请马上离开房间!
(
单元语法:谈论数量
)
1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可
a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of no some/any enough
许多 没有 一些/点 足够的
注意:
enough+名词(可数/不可数) 足够的 I have enough apples and enough money.
not enough (不够)+ 名词 不够的 I don’t have enough apples or enough money.
形容词+enough 足够地 He didn’t study hard enough.
2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词
修饰可数名词 a few few many too few too many how many
修饰不可数名词 a little little much too little too much how much
词义 一些 几乎没有 许多 太少 太多 多少
How much 其他特殊用法: (1)询问价格 How much is + 不可数名词 例如:How much is the milk? How much are + 可数名词复数 例如:How much are the apples?
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(2)询问重量 -How much does the boy weigh 这个男孩有多重? -Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。 (3)询问数字计算结果,相当于 what -How much is ten plus ten 十加十等于多少?
3. 区别:too much ,too many 和 much too
too much + 不可数名词 太多的 We have too much work to do.
much too + 形容词/副词 太.... You are much too kind to me.
too many + 可数名词 太多的 There are too many people here.
【典例】
1.The meat is ______ expensive and eating _______ meat is bad for your health.
A .too much; much too B .much too; too much
C .too much; too much D .much too; much too
【答案】B
【详解】句意:肉太贵了,吃太多的肉对你的健康有害。
考查短语辨析。too much 太多,修饰不可数名词;much too 太,修饰形容词或副词。因为 expensive 是形容词,所以应该用much too 修饰;因为 meat 是不可数名词,所以应该用too much 修饰。故选 B。
2 .Don’t worry. We still have ________ minutes left.
A .a little B .few C .little D .a few
【答案】D
【详解】句意:别担心。我们还有几分钟。
考查代词。a little 一点,修饰不可数名词;few 很少的,修饰可数名词;little 很少的,修饰不可数名词;a few一些,修饰可数名词复数。根据“Don’t worry.”可知,是指还有几分钟,又因为minutes 是可数名词复数,所以用 a few 修饰,故选 D。
3 .I am making ________ tea. Would you like ________
A .some; any B .any; some C .some; some D .any; any
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我正在泡茶。你要来点吗?
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考查形容词辨析。some 一些,若干,常用于肯定句中,有时也用于疑问句,表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答或接受邀请或者料想对方会作肯定的回答,也可表示建议;any 一些,若干,常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。根据“I am making…tea.”可知,在肯定句中应用 some 来表示“一些,若干”;根据“Would you like … ”可知此处是希望对方给予肯定的回答,因此也应用 some 指代 some tea 而不用 any 。故选 C。
4 .—________ oranges do we need to make fruit salad (水果沙拉)
—Three should be enough (足够).
A .How often B .How much C .How many D .How long
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——做水果沙拉需要多少橙子?——三个应该就够了。
考查特殊疑问句。How often 多久一次;How much 多少钱,多少(提问不可数名词数量);How many 多少(提问复数名词数量);How long 多长。根据答句“Three should be enough (足够).”可判断是对数量进行提问,且 oranges 是复数名词,故选 C。
5 .I paid 10 for ________ this morning.
A .four bottle milks B .four bottles of milk
C .four bottles of milks D .four milk
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我今天早上花了 10 元买了四瓶牛奶。
考查名词短语。milk 为不可数名词,没有复数形式,排除 A 和 C 选项;bottle 为可数名词,其前有 four 修饰,应用复数形式 bottles ,且不可数名词milk 与量词短语 four bottles 连用时,其前应加介词 of,排除 D 选项。故选 B。
6 .About ________ of the students in our class ________ girls.
A .two thirds; are B .two thirds; is C .two third; are D .two third; is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在我们班大约三分之二的学生是女孩子。
考查分数的表达。根据“About...of the students”可知,此处指大约三分之二的学生。分数的表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子超过一,分母用复数,two thirds 表示“三分之二”。主语“two thirds ofthe students”是复数,谓语动词用复数 are 。故选 A。
7 .—There is ________ milk in the fridge. Let’s go and buy ________ back, Mum.
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—OK. Let’s go shopping this afternoon.
A .few; some B .a few; many C .little; some D .a little; much
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了。妈妈,我们去买一些回来吧。——好的。今天下午我们去购物吧。
考查不定代词。few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;a few 一点,修饰可数名词复数;little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little 一点,修饰不可数名词;some 一些,既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词;many很多,修饰可数名词复数;much 很多,修饰不可数名词。根据“milk”可知,空一处修饰不可数名词,排除 AB 选项; 由“Let’s go and buy ... back, Mum.”可知,空一处表示否定含义,表示几乎没有,用 little 修饰,排除 D 选项。故选 C。
8 .There is ________ bread at home. Would you please get ________ for us
A .no; some B .not; some C .few; some D .little; any
【答案】A
【详解】句意:家里没有面包了。你能帮我们拿一些吗?
考查代词辨析。no 没有,用作形容词;not 没有,用作副词;few 几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;some 一些; little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;any 一些,用于否定句和疑问句中。根据“Would you please get”可知,家里没有面包,no 符合句意;根据“Would you please”可知,是请求的语气,some 符合句意;故选 A。
9 .—________ is your T-shirt, Kate
—It’s seven dollars.
A .How much B .How many C .How old
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你的 T 恤多少钱,Kate?——70 美元。
考查特殊疑问句。how much 多少钱;how many 多少个;how old 多大。根据“It’s seven dollars.”可知问句是对价格的询问,用 how much 引导的特殊疑问句。故选 A。
10 .The man has ________ friends in this city, so he often stays at home.
A .a few B .few C .little D .a little
【答案】B
【详解】句意:那个男人在这座城市几乎没有朋友,所以他经常待在家里。a few 一些,修饰可数名词;few
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几乎没有,修饰可数名词;little 很少的,修饰不可数名词;a little 一点儿,修饰不可数名词;根据 so he often
stays at home 可知他经常待在家里,应是几乎没有朋友,修饰可数名词 friends ,用 few ,故选 B。
二、选词填空
选择 little ,few ,a little ,a few ,many ,much 填空
1 .—Would you like some juice
—Yes, just .
2 .The question is so difficult that very students in our class can answer it.
3 .He made so mistakes in his writings.
4 .Could I have words with you, Miss Brown
5 .Nobody likes speaking to him, because he does for other students.
6 .Middle school students always have too homework to do.
【答案】1 .a little 2 .few 3 .many 4 .a few 5 .little 6 .much
【分析】1 .句意:——你想喝点果汁吗?——是的,就来一点。根据“Yes, just”可知,就需要一点点,修饰不可数名词juice ,要用 a little ,故填 a little。
2 .句意:这道题太难了,我们班几乎没有学生能回答出来。根据“The question is so difficult”可知,太难了没有学生答出来,表否定意义,修饰可数名词 students ,要用 few ,故填 few。
3 .句意:他在写作中犯了很多错误。根据“so … mistakes”可知,此处表示如此之多的错误,修饰复数名词mistakes ,要用 many ,故填 many。
4 .句意:布朗小姐,我能和你说几句话吗?根据“Could I have … words with you”可知,询问能说几句话吗,表示“一些” ,且修饰可数名词 words ,要用 a few ,故填 a few。
5 .句意:没有人喜欢和他说话,因为他为其他学生做的很少。根据“Nobody likes speaking to him”可知,为其他学生做的少,所以没人喜欢和他说话,故填 little。
6 .句意:中学生总是有太多的作业要做。根据“too … homework”可知,此处指太多的作业,修饰不可数名词homework 要用 too much 表示“太多” ,故填 much。
一、语音知识
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辅音连缀 /str/ 、/spl/ 、/spr/ 、/skr/ 中,存在清辅音浊化的现象。在一些单词中,我们需要把 /s/ 后面的清辅音发成它对应的浊辅音。如:
/tr/——/dr/:street 中 s 后的 /tr/ 常发 /dr/ 的音/p/——/b/:spring 中 s 后的 /p/ 常发 /b/ 的音 /k/——/g/:screen 中 s 后的 /k/ 常发 /g/ 的音
二、书面表达
水对人类非常重要,而世界上的水资源是有限的,所以我们必须要养成节约用水的好习惯才能保证水资源的可持续性利用。请你结合所学知识, 以“How to Save Water”为题,用英语写一篇短文,给大家介绍一些节水方法。
要点提示:
1. 记得关水龙头;
2. 快速地洗澡;
3. 重复利用水;
4. … …
写作要求:
1. 文中须包含所给的要点提示,可适当发挥;
2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称;
3. 词数 70 左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
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参考词汇: limited 有限的, if possible 如果可能的话
How to Save Water
Water is important to people, but water is also limited. So we should develop a good habit of using and saving
water.
Easy steps also count. Let’s save water together.
【答案】例文
How to Save Water
Water is important to people, but water is also limited. So we should develop a good habit of using and saving water. Here are some tips for you.
First, remember to turn off the tap after you use it. You should not keep the water running when you do not use it. Second, try to take a quick shower, and don’t take a bath if possible. Third, reuse water if possible. We can collect the washing water and use it to sweep the floor. Fourth, collect rainwater. We can use it to clean rooms or water flowers.
Easy steps also count. Let’s start saving water from now on.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材:本文为材料作文;
② 时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③ 提示:根据所给提示完成写作,不能遗漏信息,以第一人称为主。
[写作步骤]
第一步,整体说明水的重要性;
第二步,具体阐述一些保护水资源和节约用水的方法;
第三步,最后呼吁大家节约用水。
[亮点词汇]
①remember to do sth.记得做某事
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②take a bath 洗澡
③if possible 如果可能的话I高分句型]
①You should not keep the water running when you do not use it. (when 引导的时间状语从句)
②Let’s start saving water from now on. (祈使句)
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