人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Learning about language—Discover useful structures课件

(共33张PPT)
Bridging Cultures
Unit 2
Discovering useful structure
Lead-in
Noun Clause
Homework
Lead-in
PART 1
play music
respond to voice command and make smoothie
check calendar
turn off the fire
open the door
…
Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine,
I’m leaving my life in your hands.
People say I’m crazy and that I am blind,
risking it all in a glance,
How you got me blind is still a mystery.
I can’t get you out of my head.
Don’t care what is written in your history,
as long as you’re here with me.
I don’t care who you are, where you’re from, what you did,
as long as you love me.
宾语从句
主语从句
Observe and Discover
As long as you love me
— Backstreet Boys
宾语从句
宾语从句
[观察例句]
1．What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei.
2. What surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class
after just a few weeks.
3．It's important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and
her social life.
4．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first
or second language.
5．Her tutor explained that she was supposed to read lots of information
to help form a wise opinion of her own.
6．The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.
皆为主从复合句
主语从句
主语从句。it为形式主语
表语从句
主语从句
表语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
The structure of noun clauses
名词性从句
noun clause
主语从句subject clause
宾语从句object clause
表语从句predicative clause
同位语从句appositive clause
从句一律保持陈述语序
Noun
Clause
PART 2
名词性从句定义及分类
由______引导，在复合句中起____作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。它在复合句中能担任_________________________等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为
_______________________________________________。
连接词
名词
主语、宾语、表语、同位语
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句定义及分类
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
1. That he will come is certain.
2. I know that he will come.
3. The truth is that I have been there.
4. The fact that she was late surprised us.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
主语从句在复合句中充当____语；
表语从句在复合句中充当____语，一般在________ 后；
宾语从句在复合句中充当____语，且一般在__________ 或______ 后。
同位语从句一般在______后，解释或补充说明该名词的内容。
宾
主
表
系动词
及物动词
介词
位置，概念
名词
判断句子
1. What I want to do is taking a bath.
2. The news that they won the game spread through the whole school.
3. I don’t think he is an honest boy.
4. The fact is that he stole the car.
5. Do you know the fact that he stole the car
6. Do you know the man who is standing over there
7. It is said that they won the game.
(主从)
(同位语从句)
(宾从)
(表从)
(同位语从句)
(定从)
(主从)
名词性从句连接词：
名词性从句 词义 在词中所充当的成分 是否可以省略
从属连词 that 无意义 不充当充分 第一个宾从可以省略
if / whether 是否 不充当充分 不可
连接代词 what (ever) (无论)什么 主、宾、表 不可
which (ever) （无论）哪个 主、宾、定 不可
who (ever) （无论）谁 主、宾、表 不可
whom 谁 宾语 不可
whose 谁的 定语 不可
连接副词 when(ever) （无论）什么时候 状语 不可
where(ever) （无论）在哪里
why 为什么
how(ever) （无论）怎样
主语从句
1. 主语从句，在复合句中充当____语。
(1) ________ he will succeed is certain.
(2) ________he will go there is still unknown.
(3) ________he said is true.
(4)_________he hid the money is to be found out.
it作形式主语的句型:
主
That
Whether
What
Where
基本句型结构 常用词语
It is＋名词＋that从句 a fact，a shame，a pity，no wonder等。
It is＋形容词＋that从句 necessary，strange，important，possible等。
It is＋过去分词＋that从句 said，reported，decided，believed，suggested等。
It＋动词(短语)＋that从句 seem，happen，turn out，occur to等。
主语从句练习
1. __________ the earth goes around the sun is known to all.
2. It is no wonder ________ he didn’t want to go.
3. _________ they will put off the meeting hasn’t been decided.
4. ________ we can’t get seems better than what we have.
5. _________ leaves the room last should turn off the lights.
6. ________ he didn’t come here is not clear to everyone.
7.________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world （超凡脱俗的）scenes.
That
that
Whether
What
Whoever
Why
What
表语从句
2. 表语从句，在复合句中充当____语。
(1) The question is___________we can depend on him.
(2) That’s__________we spent our holiday last summer.
(3) That’s___________he was late.
特殊句式：
(1)“.....的原因是.....”：_______________
(2)“这/那是因为......”： _______________________
(3)“这/那就是......的原因”：______________________
as if/though虚拟语气的用法：
表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用___________________；
表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用________________；
表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用__________________。
表
whether
where
why
The reason why/for which ...is that...
This/That is because....
This/That is why....
一般过去式（be动词用were）
had + 过去分词
would/could/might+动词原形
表语从句练习
1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ______ they need an English trainer.
2. This is _____my father has taught me---to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (2018北京)
3. By boat is the only way to get here, which is________ we arrived.
4. He is humorous while his brother is serious. That’s ________ their difference lies.
why
what
how
where
3. 宾语从句，在复合句中充当____语。
(1) I don’t know____________they are saying.
(2) It all depends on___________they will support us.
(3) He made it clear to us_____________he did an great job.
虚拟语气的用法：
(1)“一坚持”：____________
(2)“二命令”： _____________
(3)“三建议”：________________________
(4)“四要求”：__________________
what
whether
that
insist
宾
order, command
advise, suggest, recommand
ask, require, request,demmand
宾语从句
it作形式宾语
(1)find，consider，think，feel，believe，make＋it＋adj./n.＋宾语从句
(2)enjoy，love，like，hate，appreciate，see to，insist on，depend on，rely on＋it＋宾语从句
I have made______clear that I will not accept this job.
我已经表明我不会接受这份工作。
I hate it when people ask me for money.我不喜欢别人向我要钱。
You can rely on it that he will turn up on time.你可以相信他会准时出现的。
it
宾语从句练习
1. __________ the earth goes around the sun is known to all.
2. It is no wonder ________ he didn’t want to go.
3. _________ they will put off the meeting hasn’t been decided.
4. ________ we can’t get seems better than what we have.
5. _________ leaves the room last should turn off the lights.
6. ________ he didn’t come here is not clear to everyone.
7.________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world （超凡脱俗的）scenes.
That
that
Whether
What
Whoever
Why
What
1. I heard the news that we would have two days off this week.
2. There is some doubt whether he is fit for the job.
3. The question what we should do next is not clear.
4. I have no idea where he has gone.
5. She made a request that we should help her.
同位语从句
一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，或说明前面名词的具体含义。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可以由whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
定义：同位语从句是对某一名词进行进一步解释或补充说明；
而定语从句是对先行词起修饰或限定的作用。
1. The foreigner expressed the hope that he would come to China again.
2. I’ll remember the hope that the foreigner expressed to me.
同位语从句
定语从句
： that 在从句中不做成分，不可省略，起连接作用
： that 在从句做成分，主语或宾语，作宾语可省略
同位语从句练习
1. He made a promise__________ if anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
2. The suggestion _______ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
3. The suggestion _____________ he raised at the meeting is very good.
4. The news _______they won the competition cheered us all.
5. The news ______________they told us cheered us all.
6. I still remember the promise_______________ he made.
7. I don't know the reason _______he came so late.
8. There is a question ________ he was punished.
that
why
why
that
(which/ that)
that
(which/ that)
(which/ that)
“易错”引导词的区别
1. that和what的选用
(1) I don’t know ____ will happen next.
(2)______ he wants is a book.
(3) He is no longer ________he used to be.
(4) ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
Summary: that和what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____、______或______。而_____在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起_______作用。
what
What
what
That
what
主语
宾语
表语
that
连接
“易错”引导词的区别
2. because / why / that
(1) The reason _____ he was absent was ____he was ill.
(2) From the space, the earth looks blue. This is _______ about 70 percent of its surface is covered by water.
(3) About 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That is _______ it looks blue.
Summary: 常考的表语从句句型
That /This/It is why+表语从句 那就是……的原因
That /This/It is because +表语从句 那是因为……
The reason why …is that+表语从句 ……的原因是……
why
that
because
why
“易错”引导词的区别
3. if和whether
(1) ________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
(2) I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
Summary:
whether可与or not连用，但if________；whether从句可位于________，而if 不能引导位于句首的主语从句。
注：不能使用if 的情况：主语、表语、同位语从句；介词后的宾语从句；与or not连在一起引导宾语从句;后面直接跟动词不定式当宾语。
Whether
Whether
不能
句首
主谓一致问题
1. When the meeting will begin _______ (have) not been decided yet .
2. When they will start and where they will go _______ (be) still unknown.
3. When and where the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet .
Summary:单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。注意：What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定。
1. What he wants ______(be) these books.
2. What he wants ______(be) some water.
has
are
has
单数
复数
单数
are
is
练习
The difficult points of noun clauses
（1）The question is _________ the film is worth seeing.
（2） This museum is not _________ it was ten years ago.
（3） You have no idea ________ anxious I am now for her safety.
（4） Could you tell me for _____ you have bought this fur coat
（5） ___ is likely that we can bridge the generation gap.
(6）The reason _____ he was absent was _____ he wasn't interested in
the meeting.
（7） The police promised to do _________ was possible to save the
people trapped in the mountains.
whether
what
how
whom
It
why
that
whatever
练习
The difficult points of noun clauses
（8） _________ team wins on Saturday will go straight to the national championships.
（9） Please remind me _____ he said he was leaving. I may be in time to see him off.
（10） It was said _____ that was how the Chinese people first raised silkworms.
（11） Mary came back with a massage _____ there would be a test soon.
（12） Our principal didn't feel like making it clear _________ he attend the meeting the next morning.
（13） _____ theory must be put into practice is _____ we must always keep in mind.
（14） Stories spread quickly among his friends _____ Tom had lived on a deserted island for over five months after the shipwreck.
Whichever
when
that
that
if/whether
That
what
that
Homework
PART 3
Combine each pair of sentences using the words in brackets.
1. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad. His words were quite helpful to May. (what)
2. Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. (that)
What the advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad was quite helpful to May.
That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for.
3. Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm This is the question. (who)
The question is who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm.
Homework
Combine each pair of sentences using the words in brackets.
Homework
4. Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. This is an advantage of studying abroad. (that)
5. Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang. (It … that)
An advantage of studying abroad is that exposure to an other culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world.
It impressed Liu Yang that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds.
6. Should she stick to her own way of life or follow the American way This is her confusion. (whether)
Her confusion is whether she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way.
Homework
After just a few months in China, Leon, an exchange student from Germany, says that he has fallen in love with Chinese culture. _____________ was the Chinese food. He couldn’t believe how many different kinds of Chinese food there are! Something else he found impressive was ____________. Then there’s China’s colourful culture, from art to music, and from calligraphy to literature. ______________ remains an important goal for him, as he is truly fascinated by it. Leon is also amazed by the convenience of cashless payments in China. He can go outside without any need for cash—all he needs is his mobile phone! The biggest reason why he loves China, however, is ___________. He has made great friends here—friends that he will still remember long after his departure.
Complete the passage with A–D from the box.
A
B
C
D