北京市西城区2026学年中考英语预测模拟题（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 北京市西城区2026学年中考英语预测模拟题（含答案解析） |
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| 文件大小 | 401.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-13 00:00:00 | ||
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北京市西城区2026学年中考预测模拟题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
1.本试卷共10页，共两部分，五道大题，38道小题，满分60分，考试时间为90分钟。
2.在试卷草稿纸准确填写准确填写姓名、准考证号和座位号。
3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5.考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分，共6分)
1．My friends and I had a picnic last Sunday. We shared ________ favorite foods with one another.
A．our B．we C．us D．ours
2．This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
3．— Sam, you ________ go on watching TV. It’s too late.
— OK, mom.
A．can B．wouldn’t C．must D．shouldn’t
4．My friends encouraged me to try again after I________ the game.
A．am losing B．lose C．will lose D．lost
5．Sally ________ several lovely characters since she joined the Cartoon Club.
A．creates B．has created C．will create D．is creating
6．The Summer Palace is one of ________ places of interest in China.
A．most popular B．the most popular C．more popular D．popular
7．I saw the beautiful sunset yesterday while I ______ for the bus.
A．was waiting B．wait C．have waited D．will wait
8．Wait a moment, please. The party ______ after everyone arrives.
A．starts B．will start C．has started D．started
9．________ he’s nearly 80 years old, he is still very active.
A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．Until
10．You’d better put the vegetables in the fridge,________ they will go bad soon.
A．or B．but C．and D．so
11．— ________ textbook is it There’s no name on it.
— I don’t know. Maybe it’s our teacher’s.
A．Who B．Whose C．What D．Where
12．—Could you tell us ________
—About 400 kilometers.
A．how far it is from Beijing to Guiyang
B．how far is it from Beijing to Guiyang
C．how long it takes to get to Guiyang
D．how long does it take to get to Guiyang
二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Running for a Dream
I will never forget that November day. It was hotter than normal. This was the day my father and I had waited so long for, because we had been working towards this race for three years. Dozens of familiar faces flashed across my view. They had come for me. I saw worry and excitement on my father’s face. Then the race began!
For the first two and a half miles, I felt great. I had never before been so 13 for something. The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled practices and a strict diet. My friends hadn’t seen me in weeks, but they understood the sacrifice (牺牲) required to make my dream a reality. As in all of my races, I didn’t 14 out in the front. I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook (超过) their speed.
Then without warning, my strength began to decrease. Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors, I could see the finish line. I had begun the final dash (冲刺) into success when my knees became weak and my legs gave way. Nothing I could do would make them 15 my weight.
I watched as runners rushed by me. Although I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed, I had to finish the race. However, my legs hurt badly. With all of the 16 left in me, I got on my hands and knees and crawled (爬), inch by inch, across the finish line. Voices, both 17 and familiar, cheered me on. They gave me the courage to keep going until the very end.
The doctors were there in seconds, but my eyes searched the crowd for him. There was only one person I wanted to talk to. I whispered, “I’m so sorry, Dad. I’m so sorry I 18 you.” He looked at me, saying, “You could a never disappoint me. Sometimes these things just happen. All that matters is that you did your best.”
“But we worked so 19 . What about our dream ” He reached over for my hand and said, “Don’t you know that you are my dream and it has come true ”
It wasn’t long before my running shoes were back on, marking a new path for my journey. I learned that all of the miles, the tears, the sweat, and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a (an) 20 . What I realized, though, was that to him, I was the greatest prize he had ever won.
13．A．careful B．nervous C．ready D．excited
14．A．look B．move C．come D．start
15．A．hold B．give C．feel D．add
16．A．trust B．effort C．strength D．confidence
17．A．deep B．foreign C．soft D．sweet
18．A．frightened B．doubted C．disappointed D．bored
19．A．late B．hard C．carefully D．quickly
20．A．race B．challenge C．chance D．improvement
三、阅读理解(每题2分，共26分)
(一)下列每个图片代表一处旅游目的地，请根据人物的旅行计划匹配最适合的图片，并将图片所对应的选项(A、B、C、D)填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。
Jobs
A Babysitter needed We need a babysitter to look after our two boys aged five and seven after school from four p.m. to six p.m. Duties include playing educational games and helping with simple English homework. A patient and caring attitude is what we value most. Monday—Friday $40 a week Call Mary on 678345211 B Writers wanted Wowee Magazine is looking for writers for its website. Pay is based on the number of people who read your articles. You may also receive free tickets to events. This is a good chance to get valuable work experience. We want people who are:●interesting ●passionate ●skilled Contact us at info@
C Support worker Do you like helping and caring for others Do you understand elderly people’s needs Do you have good listening skills Do you have time to work at weekends If you have answered YES to the above, we would like to hear from you:—Starting rate of $8.56 per hour —Free uniform —Excellent training careers@ golden- D Trainee hairdresser Full Time—40 hours per week Haircut Brighton City Centre You will work 40 hours a week Monday to Saturday. Your duties will include: welcoming customers, washing hair, providing coffee or tea to guests, and keeping the salon clean and tidy at all times. No experience is necessary. Please apply NOW! Cathy@ cut-above.brighton.com
21 Jenny enjoys reading and has strong writing skills. She got experience by working on the school newspaper.
22 Andy is good at listening and always patient when communicating. However, he is only free at weekends.
23 Jim loves picking up new skills. He is also responsible and takes pride in keeping places tidy.
(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
B
Many of us have often wondered not just what other people think, but how they think. In fact, there is a skill that helps humans understand other people’s perspectives (想法) and feelings. It is called theory of mind (ToM) and it is important for us to be able to talk to each other and understand one another’s behavior. It also plays a role in our social communications and relationships.
Interestingly, the way you understand what others are thinking and feeling can differ depending on your culture. For example, some cultures put a lot of emphasis (强调) on working together and thinking about the needs of the group, while other cultures encourage people to be independent and make their own choices. These cultural values can shape how people think about and understand others. Studies have found that people who grew up with values that emphasized working together and caring about others are exceptionally good at understanding what other people are thinking and feeling.
Why does ToM differ based on culture This is because ToM develops differently depending on several cognitive processes (认知过程) that develop as children grow up.
Although children all around the world develop ToM in similar ways, the order in which they learn about things like diverse beliefs and desires can be different depending on the culture they come from. For example, in some cultures, it is important to think about what other people want, even if it is not what you want. As a result, children in these cultures might learn about diverse desires before they learn about false beliefs.
The differences can be seen not only across Asian and Western countries, but also within different parts of Western countries. For example, Italy and Britain are geographically near one another but have different parental and social expectations. In Italy, children are more likely to be raised with interdependent values, such as being encouraged to express feelings within the family, while in Britain, children may be taught to keep their feelings to themselves. These differences can affect (影响) their development of ToM.
Studying cultural differences in ToM is important for understanding the relationships between culture, cognitive processes and social behavior. By examining how people from different cultural backgrounds perform on ToM tasks, we can better understand how culture shapes the development and use of this important ability. This knowledge can be important for areas such as education and cross-cultural communication.
24．Who is probably better at understanding others
A．A child who has many different hobbies.
B．A child who is fully aware of his local culture.
C．A child who develops cognitive processes differently.
D．A child who is brought up caring more about interdependence.
25．What can we learn about ToM from the passage
A．It is influenced by the values you grew up with.
B．It offers people a chance to get further education.
C．It encourages people to solve problems independently.
D．It is decided by how people think and understand themselves.
26．What is the passage mainly about
A．How people from different cultures value ToM.
B．How cultural differences influence the development of ToM.
C．Why ToM affects cognitive processes in different cultures.
D．Why ToM is important in understanding cultural differences.
C
How important is shopping to you How much time do you spend buying things And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home In the future, how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores When you add it all up, you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming (消费) things. Consuming products is not necessarily bad. However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.
Imagine that you have a week off from school. You don’t have to go to class. However, in this week, you cannot spend any money — no shopping, no movies, no eating out. How would you spend your time What things would bring you happiness Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend. Perhaps you would help a child read. Or you might spend time with your family.
When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories. Why Non-consuming activities are active, not passive. They don’t come in a package. You make the experience yourself. For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience. The experience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly, when you have a conversation with a friend, you are actively creating an experience. The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else. However, if you watch a movie with a friend, you will each have a package experience. It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.
The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences. We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing. However, we can start a personal revolution (变革) against consumerism. How By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.
27．If consuming products takes too much time, we should ________.
A．spend less money B．organize our things
C．think about it carefully D．go to convenience stores
28．According to the passage, the writer believes that ________
A．we can say no to consumerism (消费主义) by consuming less
B．buying things can bring us the greatest satisfaction
C．the environment seldom influences our shopping choices
D．consuming experiences will be our most important memories
29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time.
B．To explain reasons behind people’s shopping behavior.
C．To share his personal experience in consuming products.
D．To encourage people to have more active experiences.
D
An interesting finding has been discovered from psychological research: Introverts may manage the challenges of aging better. While extroverts have long been celebrated for their social butterfly abilities, it turns out that the introvert’s natural inclinations (倾向) may serve as a built-in buffer against some of aging’s most common challenges. The very qualities of introverts—preference for quieter environments, comfort with being alone, and deeper but fewer social connections—appear to match well with the natural development of the social world as they grow older.
The key lies in what is known as “positive disengagement”. Laura Carstensen. the founding director of Stanford’s Center of Longevity, suggests that as people grow older, they naturally become more selective (有选择的) about their social interactions. preferring quality over quantity (数量). The change that extroverts may feel uncomfortable with often comes more naturally to introverts.
Another interesting work by Helene Fung at the Chinese University of Hong Kong found that introverts experience less worry about the social changes accompanying aging. While extroverts may have trouble with the decreased energy for socializing. introverts often find that such changes match with pre-existing (已存在的) preferences.
Robert McCrae’s research at the National Institute on Aging supports this “introvert advantage”. His team’s findings show that introverts may deal with the big questions of aging better because they naturally think deeply about life. While extroverts might look for outside activities that can pull their attention away from aging-related worries, introverts’ natural inclinations to turn inward often result in better adjustment (调整) and acceptance of life’s changes.
The most convincing research comes from Klaus Rothermund, who studies how people manage emotions as they age. His work shows that introverts often develop better coping skills earlier in life. Such skills as the ability to think deeply about themselves and the ability to form one-on-one connections become increasingly valuable as they grow older. It’s as if introverts have been unknowingly practicing for their elder years all along.
The meanings of the findings go beyond just research interest. Understanding how different personality types deal with change becomes increasingly important as people age.
For extroverts reading this, don’t feel disappointed—awareness is half the job done, and many coping skills that come naturally to introverts can be learned and trained. And for introverts You might want to add this to your list of quiet victories. Your personality may have prepared you for a more beautiful journey into your later years.
Sometimes, it seems that the tortoise doesn’t just win the race. It may also enjoy the journey more.
30．What does the word “buffer” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Weakness. B．Warning. C．Monitor. D．Protector.
31．Which behavior probably matches Carstensen’s findings
A．Refusing to choose friends according to personality.
B．Spending less time alone to make time for social activities.
C．Staying away from relationships that are not worthwhile.
D．Joining in group discussions instead of thinking independently.
32．What can we learn about introverts and extroverts as they age
A．Introverts need to find ways to stop worrying about their age.
B．Extroverts can learn from introverts about ways to slow aging down.
C．Extroverts have the ability to deal with personal problems earlier in life.
D．Introverts’ qualities better suit the natural changes of the social world.
33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Introverts: A More Popular Personality B．Introverts: Practice to Fight Against Aging
C．Introverts: Feel Better When Getting Older D．Introverts: Social Advantages Over Extroverts
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(第34一36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分)
On March 2, 2022, world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) reached a historic agreement to solve the problems of plastic. They agreed that by 2024, they would create and sign a new treaty (条约) on plastics. The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control.
Because plastic is useful for so many purposes, it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives. It’s hard to look anywhere without things made of plastic. It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year. By 2040, the number is expected to double. Although there’s a lot of talk about recycling, only 9% of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.
Almost all kinds of plastic are made from some kind of oil. It gives off dangerous gases (气体) when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried (掩埋) in the ground. Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5% of the world’s greenhouse gases.
Plastic doesn’t break down like natural materials, such as wood. Instead, it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces, and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics. In recent years, microplastics have been found almost everywhere, from the North Pole to Antarctica, from the top of the Earth’s tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea. They’ve even been found in the bodies of animals including humans.
The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic “life cycle”, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of (处理) it. The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans, on land, and in the things we eat. It is expected to lay out rules to get rid of single-use plastics as well.
Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult. The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty’s goals, and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.
34．How much plastic is produced every year now
35．When does plastic give off dangerous gases
36．What does the whole plastic “life cycle” include
37．What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics Why do you think so (Give at least two reasons.)
五、文段表达(10分)
38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。
题目①
38．每一份付出都值得铭记，每一份感恩都值得珍惜。在我们成长过程中，总有一些想感恩的人：伴你成长的亲人、启迪智慧的良师益友、表达善意的陌生人……某英文公众号正在开展以“感恩”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你想感恩的人并说明理由。
提示词语：support，difficulty，knowledge，character，useful
内容提示：●Who do you feel thankful for？
●Why do you feel thankful for him/her？
I’m glad to talk about someone I feel thankful for.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题目②
39．根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
“凡事预则立，不预则废。”
某英文网站正在开展主题为“做一个有准备的人”的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈是什么经历让你意识到准备的重要性，以及你从中获得的益处。
提示词语：competition, worried, improve, confidence, proud
提示问题：What experience taught you the importance of preparation Please describe it.
What benefits have you got from the experience
Being prepared is important.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．A
【详解】句意：我和我的朋友们上周日去野餐了。我们互相分享了各自最喜欢的食物。
考查代词辨析。our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“We shared...favorite foods with one another.”可知，此处修饰名词foods，应使用形容词性物主代词our。故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：本周六上午，丽丽和露西将在奥林匹克森林公园门口见面并一起慢跑。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在……，后加小地点；to朝向。根据“meet ... the gate of the Olympic Forest Park”可知，at the gate of ...“在……门口”。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：——山姆，你不能再看电视了。太晚了。——好的，妈妈。
考查动词辨析。can能够；wouldn’t不会；must必须；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s too late.”可知，妈妈认为现在太晚了，看电视不合适，带有“不应该”的建议或禁止意味。故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：我输了比赛后，朋友们鼓励我再试一次。
考查时态。根据“My friends encouraged me to try again”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，因此从句时态也是一般过去时，故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：自从Sally加入了卡通俱乐部，她已经创作了几个可爱的角色。
考查动词时态。根据“Sally ... several lovely characters since she joined the Cartoon Club.”可知，此处是since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：颐和园是中国最受欢迎的名胜之一。
考查形容词最高级。most popular最受欢迎的（最高级），少定冠词the；the most popular最受欢迎的（最高级）；more popular更受欢迎的（比较级）；popular受欢迎的（原级）。根据“is one of ... places of interest”可知，指的是最受欢迎的名胜之一，结构为：one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词。故选B。
7．A
【详解】句意：昨天我在等公共汽车的时候看到了美丽的日落。
考查过去进行时。结合“I saw the beautiful sunset yesterday while I…for the bus.”及时间状语yesterday可知，作者昨天在等公交车的时候看到了日落，表示在过去某个时间正在发生某事应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing sth.”。故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：请等一会儿。大家到达后晚会将开始。
考查时态。starts开始，一般现在时；will start将开始，一般将来时；has started已开始，现在完成时；started开始，一般过去时。根据“Wait a moment, please.”和“after everyone arrives”可知，应用一般将来时。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：尽管他快80岁了，但他仍然很活跃。
考查连词辨析。Because因为；Although尽管；Unless除非；Until直到。“年纪大”和“仍然活跃”之间存在让步转折关系，因此此处应用Although引导让步状语从句。故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：你最好把蔬菜放到冰箱里，否则它们会变坏。
考查连词辨析。or否则；but但是；and并且；so所以。根据“You’d better put the vegetables in the fridge, ... they will go bad soon.”可知，应该是最好把蔬菜放到冰箱里，“否则”它们会变坏。故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：——它是谁的教材？上面没有名字。——我不知道。可能是我们老师的。
考查特殊疑问词。Who谁；Whose谁的；What什么；Where哪里。根据“Maybe it’s our teacher’s.”可知此处应询问教材的主人，疑问词用whose。故选B。
12．A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我们从北京到贵阳有多远吗？——大约400公里。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell us”及选项可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；结合“About 400 kilometers.”可知，此处是问距离，用how far引导宾语从句。故选A。
13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文通过赛跑故事体现父爱——真正的梦想不是赢得比赛，而是孩子的坚持与成长。
13．句意：我从未对某事如此准备充分。
careful认真的；nervous紧张的；ready准备的；excited兴奋的。根据第一段“because we had been working towards this race for three years.”可知，我们为比赛准备了三年，说明作者已充分准备。故选C。
14．句意：和所有比赛一样，我没有一开始就领先。
look看；move移动；come来；start开始。根据“I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook (超过) their speed.”可知，作者喜欢在过程中超越他人，说明作者习惯后发制人。start out是固定搭配，表示“开始时处于某状态”。故选D。
15．句意：我无法做到让腿支撑我身体的重量。
hold握住，支撑；give给；feel感觉；add增加。根据“my legs gave way”可知，腿软了，所以无法支撑我身体的重量。故选A。
16．句意：我用尽所有的力气，用手和膝盖，一点一点地朝终点线爬。
trust信任；effort努力；strength体力；confidence自信心。根据下文“I got on my hands and knees and crawled (爬), inch by inch”可知，是用尽所有的力气朝着终点线爬。故选C。
17．句意：陌生和熟悉的声音都在鼓励我。
deep深的；foreign外国的，陌生的；soft柔软的；sweet甜的。根据“Voices, both...and familiar, cheered me on.”可知，陌生的和熟悉的声音都在给我加油。故选B。
18．句意：我很抱歉，我让你失望了。
frightened使受惊；doubted怀疑；disappointed使失望；bored令人厌烦的。根据下文“He looked at me, saying, ‘You could a never disappoint me.’ ”可知，是作者对爸爸说“我让你失望了”。故选C。
19．句意：但我们如此努力训练。
late迟地；hard努力地；carefully认真地；quickly快速地。根据上文“because we had been working towards this race for three years.”可知，前文提到三年备赛，说明我们训练很努力。故选B。
20．句意：我了解到所有跑过的英里数、眼泪、汗水以及我和父亲所一起经历的并不是一场比赛。
race比赛；challenge挑战；chance机会；improvement改进。根据“I learned that all of the miles, the tears, the sweat, and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a (an)...”可知，比赛过程中所经历的一切并不是一场比赛，而是成长。故选A。
21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是四则招聘启事，三个人的兴趣及特长，需根据需求匹配合适的工作。
21．根据“Jenny enjoys reading and has strong writing skills. She got experience by working on the school newspaper.”可知，Jenny擅长阅读和写作，并且有办校报的经验。选项B“招聘作家”与之匹配。故选B。
22．根据“Andy is good at listening and always patient when communicating. However, he is only free at weekends.”可知，Andy耐心，善于倾听，只能周末工作，选项C“需要周末上班并且注重交流和照顾他人。”与之匹配。故选C。
23．根据“Jim loves picking up new skills. He is also responsible and takes pride in keeping places tidy.”可知，Jim喜欢学习新技能，且乐于保持环境整洁。选项D“学员美发师不需要经验，又要求保持环境整洁，能学到理发技能。”与之匹配。故选D。
24．D 25．A 26．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了文化差异如何影响“心智理论”（ToM）的发展，并探讨了不同文化背景下人们对他人想法和感受的理解方式。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Studies have found that people who grew up with values that emphasized working together and caring about others are exceptionally good at understanding what other people are thinking and feeling.”（研究发现，那些在强调合作和关心他人的价值观中成长的人，特别擅长理解他人的想法和感受。）可知，那些在强调相互依赖的价值观中成长的孩子更擅长理解他人。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These cultural values can shape how people think about and understand others.”（这些文化价值观可以塑造人们如何思考和理解他人。）可知，ToM受到成长过程中所接受的价值观的影响。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第三段“Why does ToM differ based on culture This is because ToM develops differently depending on several cognitive processes that develop as children grow up.”（为什么ToM会因文化而异？这是因为ToM的发展取决于儿童成长过程中发展的几种认知过程。）以及最后一段“Studying cultural differences in ToM is important for understanding the relationships between culture, cognitive processes and social behavior.”（研究ToM中的文化差异对于理解文化、认知过程和社会行为之间的关系非常重要。）可知，本文主要讨论的是文化差异如何影响ToM的发展。故选B。
27．C 28．A 29．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨消费问题，指出人们在消费上花费大量时间，虽消费产品本身未必不好，但过度消费需审视，通过假设不花钱的一周引出非消费体验能带来重要回忆，倡导减少消费以获得更多满足感的体验。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.” 可知，如果花费太多时间消费产品，我们应该仔细考虑。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“However, we can start a personal revolution (变革) against consumerism. How By consuming less.” 可以看出，作者认为我们可以通过减少消费来对消费主义说“不”。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们有更多积极的体验。故选D。
30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C
【导语】本文介绍了一项心理学研究发现：内向者可能比外向者更能从容应对老龄化的挑战，因为他们的性格特质（如偏好安静环境、享受独处、建立深度社交关系等）更契合伴随年龄增长的自然社会变化，这种“内向者优势”体现在情绪调节、社交选择和生活适应等方面。
30．词句猜测题。根据“Introverts may manage the challenges of aging better... the introvert’s natural inclinations may serve as a built-in buffer against some of aging’s most common challenges”可知，内向者的天性能够帮助他们应对衰老带来的挑战，“buffer”在此处表示对挑战的“缓冲”或“保护”作用，与“Protector（保护者）”含义最接近。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“Laura Carstensen... suggests that as people grow older, they naturally become more selective about their social interactions, preferring quality over quantity”可知，Carstensen认为老年人会更倾向于选择高质量的社交关系，而非数量。“远离无价值的人际关系”体现了 “重质量、轻数量”的选择性社交，符合其研究结论。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“The very qualities of introverts—preference for quieter environments, comfort with being alone, and deeper but fewer social connections—appear to match well with the natural development of the social world as they grow older”可知，内向者偏好安静环境、享受独处、注重深度社交等特质，与衰老过程中社交世界的自然变化（如社交选择性增强）高度契合。故选D。
33．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，全文围绕多项研究展开，核心论点是内向者的特质（如深度思考、选择性社交、擅长独处）使其更能适应衰老带来的社交变化和心理挑战，从而在老年阶段表现出更好的心理调整能力。C选项 “内向的人：年龄越大感觉越好”最为适合。故选C。
34．400 million tons. 35．When it’s produced, burned, or buried. 36．Making, reusing, recycling, and getting rid of it. 37．I think creating the new treaty on plastics is a great idea. Because plastic waste is harming the ecosystem and the new treaty will help to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. (开放题，无标准答案)
【导语】本文主要介绍了UNEA要制定一个条约来解决全球塑料问题。
34．根据“It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.”可知，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料。故填400 million tons.
35．根据“It gives off dangerous gases (气体) when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried (掩埋) in the ground.”可知塑料在生产时、被燃烧或掩埋时都会释放有害气体。故填When it’s produced, burned, or buried.
36．根据“The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic ‘life cycle’, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of (处理) it.”可知，整个塑料“生命周期”包括制造、再利用、回收和处理。故填Making, reusing, recycling, and getting rid of it.
37．开放性试题，答案合理即可。参考答案为I think creating the new treaty on plastics is a great idea. Because plastic waste is harming the ecosystem and the new treaty will help to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
38．例文
I’m glad to talk about someone I feel thankful for.
I’ll always be thankful for my English teacher, Mrs. Li. She has such a kind heart and lights up every room with her bright smile.
I am thankful for her support during my English study. Whenever I had trouble with my English, she was always there to guide me patiently. In addition to teaching me language, she also inspired me to become a better person—helping me build strong character and encouraging me to take on challenges. These lessons will undoubtedly stay with me for life.
I hope Mrs. Li will be happy and healthy forever.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：围绕心怀感恩的人展开，通过具体事例表达对英语老师的感激之情，包含老师的性格、对学习的帮助、品格培养及个人期望等要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明主题，引出对老师的感激；
第二步，描述老师的善良性格和灿烂笑容，通过耐心指导英语难题、激励成为更好的人等具体事例，体现老师在学习和品格上的双重影响；
第三步，表达对老师健康快乐的祝愿，总结老师的教导将伴随一生。
[亮点词汇]
①light up照亮
②inspire激励
③build strong character培养坚强品格
[高分句型]
①Whenever I had trouble with my English, she was always there to guide me patiently. (whenever引导的时间状语从句)
39．例文：
Being prepared is important. I learned this through my own experience.
Last year, I took part in an English speech competition. At first, I felt nervous and worried because I didn’t prepare well. Three days before the competition, I asked my Chinese teacher for advice. She told me that I wasn’t fully prepared for this. Then I practiced for hours every day to improve my skills. When the competition came, I did a great job and won a prize! This experience taught me that preparation brings confidence and success. Now I always prepare carefully for everything, and I feel proud of my progress.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时及一般过去时；
③提示：提示问题已给出，考生注意围绕问题进行表述，适当增加细节，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接前文，通过自己的经历引出下文；
第二步，具体表述自己的经历；
第三步，表述自己从中学到的经验。
[亮点词汇]
①take part in参加
②prepare well做好准备
③feel proud of对……感到骄傲
[高分句型]
①At first, I felt nervous and worried because I didn’t prepare well.（because引导原因状语从句）
②She told me that I wasn’t fully prepared for this.（that引导宾语从句）
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
1.本试卷共10页，共两部分，五道大题，38道小题，满分60分，考试时间为90分钟。
2.在试卷草稿纸准确填写准确填写姓名、准考证号和座位号。
3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5.考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分，共6分)
1．My friends and I had a picnic last Sunday. We shared ________ favorite foods with one another.
A．our B．we C．us D．ours
2．This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
3．— Sam, you ________ go on watching TV. It’s too late.
— OK, mom.
A．can B．wouldn’t C．must D．shouldn’t
4．My friends encouraged me to try again after I________ the game.
A．am losing B．lose C．will lose D．lost
5．Sally ________ several lovely characters since she joined the Cartoon Club.
A．creates B．has created C．will create D．is creating
6．The Summer Palace is one of ________ places of interest in China.
A．most popular B．the most popular C．more popular D．popular
7．I saw the beautiful sunset yesterday while I ______ for the bus.
A．was waiting B．wait C．have waited D．will wait
8．Wait a moment, please. The party ______ after everyone arrives.
A．starts B．will start C．has started D．started
9．________ he’s nearly 80 years old, he is still very active.
A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．Until
10．You’d better put the vegetables in the fridge,________ they will go bad soon.
A．or B．but C．and D．so
11．— ________ textbook is it There’s no name on it.
— I don’t know. Maybe it’s our teacher’s.
A．Who B．Whose C．What D．Where
12．—Could you tell us ________
—About 400 kilometers.
A．how far it is from Beijing to Guiyang
B．how far is it from Beijing to Guiyang
C．how long it takes to get to Guiyang
D．how long does it take to get to Guiyang
二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Running for a Dream
I will never forget that November day. It was hotter than normal. This was the day my father and I had waited so long for, because we had been working towards this race for three years. Dozens of familiar faces flashed across my view. They had come for me. I saw worry and excitement on my father’s face. Then the race began!
For the first two and a half miles, I felt great. I had never before been so 13 for something. The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled practices and a strict diet. My friends hadn’t seen me in weeks, but they understood the sacrifice (牺牲) required to make my dream a reality. As in all of my races, I didn’t 14 out in the front. I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook (超过) their speed.
Then without warning, my strength began to decrease. Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors, I could see the finish line. I had begun the final dash (冲刺) into success when my knees became weak and my legs gave way. Nothing I could do would make them 15 my weight.
I watched as runners rushed by me. Although I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed, I had to finish the race. However, my legs hurt badly. With all of the 16 left in me, I got on my hands and knees and crawled (爬), inch by inch, across the finish line. Voices, both 17 and familiar, cheered me on. They gave me the courage to keep going until the very end.
The doctors were there in seconds, but my eyes searched the crowd for him. There was only one person I wanted to talk to. I whispered, “I’m so sorry, Dad. I’m so sorry I 18 you.” He looked at me, saying, “You could a never disappoint me. Sometimes these things just happen. All that matters is that you did your best.”
“But we worked so 19 . What about our dream ” He reached over for my hand and said, “Don’t you know that you are my dream and it has come true ”
It wasn’t long before my running shoes were back on, marking a new path for my journey. I learned that all of the miles, the tears, the sweat, and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a (an) 20 . What I realized, though, was that to him, I was the greatest prize he had ever won.
13．A．careful B．nervous C．ready D．excited
14．A．look B．move C．come D．start
15．A．hold B．give C．feel D．add
16．A．trust B．effort C．strength D．confidence
17．A．deep B．foreign C．soft D．sweet
18．A．frightened B．doubted C．disappointed D．bored
19．A．late B．hard C．carefully D．quickly
20．A．race B．challenge C．chance D．improvement
三、阅读理解(每题2分，共26分)
(一)下列每个图片代表一处旅游目的地，请根据人物的旅行计划匹配最适合的图片，并将图片所对应的选项(A、B、C、D)填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。
Jobs
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C Support worker Do you like helping and caring for others Do you understand elderly people’s needs Do you have good listening skills Do you have time to work at weekends If you have answered YES to the above, we would like to hear from you:—Starting rate of $8.56 per hour —Free uniform —Excellent training careers@ golden- D Trainee hairdresser Full Time—40 hours per week Haircut Brighton City Centre You will work 40 hours a week Monday to Saturday. Your duties will include: welcoming customers, washing hair, providing coffee or tea to guests, and keeping the salon clean and tidy at all times. No experience is necessary. Please apply NOW! Cathy@ cut-above.brighton.com
21 Jenny enjoys reading and has strong writing skills. She got experience by working on the school newspaper.
22 Andy is good at listening and always patient when communicating. However, he is only free at weekends.
23 Jim loves picking up new skills. He is also responsible and takes pride in keeping places tidy.
(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
B
Many of us have often wondered not just what other people think, but how they think. In fact, there is a skill that helps humans understand other people’s perspectives (想法) and feelings. It is called theory of mind (ToM) and it is important for us to be able to talk to each other and understand one another’s behavior. It also plays a role in our social communications and relationships.
Interestingly, the way you understand what others are thinking and feeling can differ depending on your culture. For example, some cultures put a lot of emphasis (强调) on working together and thinking about the needs of the group, while other cultures encourage people to be independent and make their own choices. These cultural values can shape how people think about and understand others. Studies have found that people who grew up with values that emphasized working together and caring about others are exceptionally good at understanding what other people are thinking and feeling.
Why does ToM differ based on culture This is because ToM develops differently depending on several cognitive processes (认知过程) that develop as children grow up.
Although children all around the world develop ToM in similar ways, the order in which they learn about things like diverse beliefs and desires can be different depending on the culture they come from. For example, in some cultures, it is important to think about what other people want, even if it is not what you want. As a result, children in these cultures might learn about diverse desires before they learn about false beliefs.
The differences can be seen not only across Asian and Western countries, but also within different parts of Western countries. For example, Italy and Britain are geographically near one another but have different parental and social expectations. In Italy, children are more likely to be raised with interdependent values, such as being encouraged to express feelings within the family, while in Britain, children may be taught to keep their feelings to themselves. These differences can affect (影响) their development of ToM.
Studying cultural differences in ToM is important for understanding the relationships between culture, cognitive processes and social behavior. By examining how people from different cultural backgrounds perform on ToM tasks, we can better understand how culture shapes the development and use of this important ability. This knowledge can be important for areas such as education and cross-cultural communication.
24．Who is probably better at understanding others
A．A child who has many different hobbies.
B．A child who is fully aware of his local culture.
C．A child who develops cognitive processes differently.
D．A child who is brought up caring more about interdependence.
25．What can we learn about ToM from the passage
A．It is influenced by the values you grew up with.
B．It offers people a chance to get further education.
C．It encourages people to solve problems independently.
D．It is decided by how people think and understand themselves.
26．What is the passage mainly about
A．How people from different cultures value ToM.
B．How cultural differences influence the development of ToM.
C．Why ToM affects cognitive processes in different cultures.
D．Why ToM is important in understanding cultural differences.
C
How important is shopping to you How much time do you spend buying things And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home In the future, how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores When you add it all up, you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming (消费) things. Consuming products is not necessarily bad. However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.
Imagine that you have a week off from school. You don’t have to go to class. However, in this week, you cannot spend any money — no shopping, no movies, no eating out. How would you spend your time What things would bring you happiness Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend. Perhaps you would help a child read. Or you might spend time with your family.
When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories. Why Non-consuming activities are active, not passive. They don’t come in a package. You make the experience yourself. For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience. The experience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly, when you have a conversation with a friend, you are actively creating an experience. The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else. However, if you watch a movie with a friend, you will each have a package experience. It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.
The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences. We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing. However, we can start a personal revolution (变革) against consumerism. How By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.
27．If consuming products takes too much time, we should ________.
A．spend less money B．organize our things
C．think about it carefully D．go to convenience stores
28．According to the passage, the writer believes that ________
A．we can say no to consumerism (消费主义) by consuming less
B．buying things can bring us the greatest satisfaction
C．the environment seldom influences our shopping choices
D．consuming experiences will be our most important memories
29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time.
B．To explain reasons behind people’s shopping behavior.
C．To share his personal experience in consuming products.
D．To encourage people to have more active experiences.
D
An interesting finding has been discovered from psychological research: Introverts may manage the challenges of aging better. While extroverts have long been celebrated for their social butterfly abilities, it turns out that the introvert’s natural inclinations (倾向) may serve as a built-in buffer against some of aging’s most common challenges. The very qualities of introverts—preference for quieter environments, comfort with being alone, and deeper but fewer social connections—appear to match well with the natural development of the social world as they grow older.
The key lies in what is known as “positive disengagement”. Laura Carstensen. the founding director of Stanford’s Center of Longevity, suggests that as people grow older, they naturally become more selective (有选择的) about their social interactions. preferring quality over quantity (数量). The change that extroverts may feel uncomfortable with often comes more naturally to introverts.
Another interesting work by Helene Fung at the Chinese University of Hong Kong found that introverts experience less worry about the social changes accompanying aging. While extroverts may have trouble with the decreased energy for socializing. introverts often find that such changes match with pre-existing (已存在的) preferences.
Robert McCrae’s research at the National Institute on Aging supports this “introvert advantage”. His team’s findings show that introverts may deal with the big questions of aging better because they naturally think deeply about life. While extroverts might look for outside activities that can pull their attention away from aging-related worries, introverts’ natural inclinations to turn inward often result in better adjustment (调整) and acceptance of life’s changes.
The most convincing research comes from Klaus Rothermund, who studies how people manage emotions as they age. His work shows that introverts often develop better coping skills earlier in life. Such skills as the ability to think deeply about themselves and the ability to form one-on-one connections become increasingly valuable as they grow older. It’s as if introverts have been unknowingly practicing for their elder years all along.
The meanings of the findings go beyond just research interest. Understanding how different personality types deal with change becomes increasingly important as people age.
For extroverts reading this, don’t feel disappointed—awareness is half the job done, and many coping skills that come naturally to introverts can be learned and trained. And for introverts You might want to add this to your list of quiet victories. Your personality may have prepared you for a more beautiful journey into your later years.
Sometimes, it seems that the tortoise doesn’t just win the race. It may also enjoy the journey more.
30．What does the word “buffer” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Weakness. B．Warning. C．Monitor. D．Protector.
31．Which behavior probably matches Carstensen’s findings
A．Refusing to choose friends according to personality.
B．Spending less time alone to make time for social activities.
C．Staying away from relationships that are not worthwhile.
D．Joining in group discussions instead of thinking independently.
32．What can we learn about introverts and extroverts as they age
A．Introverts need to find ways to stop worrying about their age.
B．Extroverts can learn from introverts about ways to slow aging down.
C．Extroverts have the ability to deal with personal problems earlier in life.
D．Introverts’ qualities better suit the natural changes of the social world.
33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．Introverts: A More Popular Personality B．Introverts: Practice to Fight Against Aging
C．Introverts: Feel Better When Getting Older D．Introverts: Social Advantages Over Extroverts
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(第34一36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分)
On March 2, 2022, world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) reached a historic agreement to solve the problems of plastic. They agreed that by 2024, they would create and sign a new treaty (条约) on plastics. The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control.
Because plastic is useful for so many purposes, it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives. It’s hard to look anywhere without things made of plastic. It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year. By 2040, the number is expected to double. Although there’s a lot of talk about recycling, only 9% of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.
Almost all kinds of plastic are made from some kind of oil. It gives off dangerous gases (气体) when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried (掩埋) in the ground. Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5% of the world’s greenhouse gases.
Plastic doesn’t break down like natural materials, such as wood. Instead, it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces, and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics. In recent years, microplastics have been found almost everywhere, from the North Pole to Antarctica, from the top of the Earth’s tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea. They’ve even been found in the bodies of animals including humans.
The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic “life cycle”, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of (处理) it. The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans, on land, and in the things we eat. It is expected to lay out rules to get rid of single-use plastics as well.
Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult. The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty’s goals, and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.
34．How much plastic is produced every year now
35．When does plastic give off dangerous gases
36．What does the whole plastic “life cycle” include
37．What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics Why do you think so (Give at least two reasons.)
五、文段表达(10分)
38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。
题目①
38．每一份付出都值得铭记，每一份感恩都值得珍惜。在我们成长过程中，总有一些想感恩的人：伴你成长的亲人、启迪智慧的良师益友、表达善意的陌生人……某英文公众号正在开展以“感恩”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你想感恩的人并说明理由。
提示词语：support，difficulty，knowledge，character，useful
内容提示：●Who do you feel thankful for？
●Why do you feel thankful for him/her？
I’m glad to talk about someone I feel thankful for.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题目②
39．根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
“凡事预则立，不预则废。”
某英文网站正在开展主题为“做一个有准备的人”的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈是什么经历让你意识到准备的重要性，以及你从中获得的益处。
提示词语：competition, worried, improve, confidence, proud
提示问题：What experience taught you the importance of preparation Please describe it.
What benefits have you got from the experience
Being prepared is important.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．A
【详解】句意：我和我的朋友们上周日去野餐了。我们互相分享了各自最喜欢的食物。
考查代词辨析。our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“We shared...favorite foods with one another.”可知，此处修饰名词foods，应使用形容词性物主代词our。故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：本周六上午，丽丽和露西将在奥林匹克森林公园门口见面并一起慢跑。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在……，后加小地点；to朝向。根据“meet ... the gate of the Olympic Forest Park”可知，at the gate of ...“在……门口”。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：——山姆，你不能再看电视了。太晚了。——好的，妈妈。
考查动词辨析。can能够；wouldn’t不会；must必须；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s too late.”可知，妈妈认为现在太晚了，看电视不合适，带有“不应该”的建议或禁止意味。故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：我输了比赛后，朋友们鼓励我再试一次。
考查时态。根据“My friends encouraged me to try again”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，因此从句时态也是一般过去时，故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：自从Sally加入了卡通俱乐部，她已经创作了几个可爱的角色。
考查动词时态。根据“Sally ... several lovely characters since she joined the Cartoon Club.”可知，此处是since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时。故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：颐和园是中国最受欢迎的名胜之一。
考查形容词最高级。most popular最受欢迎的（最高级），少定冠词the；the most popular最受欢迎的（最高级）；more popular更受欢迎的（比较级）；popular受欢迎的（原级）。根据“is one of ... places of interest”可知，指的是最受欢迎的名胜之一，结构为：one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词。故选B。
7．A
【详解】句意：昨天我在等公共汽车的时候看到了美丽的日落。
考查过去进行时。结合“I saw the beautiful sunset yesterday while I…for the bus.”及时间状语yesterday可知，作者昨天在等公交车的时候看到了日落，表示在过去某个时间正在发生某事应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing sth.”。故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：请等一会儿。大家到达后晚会将开始。
考查时态。starts开始，一般现在时；will start将开始，一般将来时；has started已开始，现在完成时；started开始，一般过去时。根据“Wait a moment, please.”和“after everyone arrives”可知，应用一般将来时。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：尽管他快80岁了，但他仍然很活跃。
考查连词辨析。Because因为；Although尽管；Unless除非；Until直到。“年纪大”和“仍然活跃”之间存在让步转折关系，因此此处应用Although引导让步状语从句。故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：你最好把蔬菜放到冰箱里，否则它们会变坏。
考查连词辨析。or否则；but但是；and并且；so所以。根据“You’d better put the vegetables in the fridge, ... they will go bad soon.”可知，应该是最好把蔬菜放到冰箱里，“否则”它们会变坏。故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：——它是谁的教材？上面没有名字。——我不知道。可能是我们老师的。
考查特殊疑问词。Who谁；Whose谁的；What什么；Where哪里。根据“Maybe it’s our teacher’s.”可知此处应询问教材的主人，疑问词用whose。故选B。
12．A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我们从北京到贵阳有多远吗？——大约400公里。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell us”及选项可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；结合“About 400 kilometers.”可知，此处是问距离，用how far引导宾语从句。故选A。
13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文通过赛跑故事体现父爱——真正的梦想不是赢得比赛，而是孩子的坚持与成长。
13．句意：我从未对某事如此准备充分。
careful认真的；nervous紧张的；ready准备的；excited兴奋的。根据第一段“because we had been working towards this race for three years.”可知，我们为比赛准备了三年，说明作者已充分准备。故选C。
14．句意：和所有比赛一样，我没有一开始就领先。
look看；move移动；come来；start开始。根据“I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook (超过) their speed.”可知，作者喜欢在过程中超越他人，说明作者习惯后发制人。start out是固定搭配，表示“开始时处于某状态”。故选D。
15．句意：我无法做到让腿支撑我身体的重量。
hold握住，支撑；give给；feel感觉；add增加。根据“my legs gave way”可知，腿软了，所以无法支撑我身体的重量。故选A。
16．句意：我用尽所有的力气，用手和膝盖，一点一点地朝终点线爬。
trust信任；effort努力；strength体力；confidence自信心。根据下文“I got on my hands and knees and crawled (爬), inch by inch”可知，是用尽所有的力气朝着终点线爬。故选C。
17．句意：陌生和熟悉的声音都在鼓励我。
deep深的；foreign外国的，陌生的；soft柔软的；sweet甜的。根据“Voices, both...and familiar, cheered me on.”可知，陌生的和熟悉的声音都在给我加油。故选B。
18．句意：我很抱歉，我让你失望了。
frightened使受惊；doubted怀疑；disappointed使失望；bored令人厌烦的。根据下文“He looked at me, saying, ‘You could a never disappoint me.’ ”可知，是作者对爸爸说“我让你失望了”。故选C。
19．句意：但我们如此努力训练。
late迟地；hard努力地；carefully认真地；quickly快速地。根据上文“because we had been working towards this race for three years.”可知，前文提到三年备赛，说明我们训练很努力。故选B。
20．句意：我了解到所有跑过的英里数、眼泪、汗水以及我和父亲所一起经历的并不是一场比赛。
race比赛；challenge挑战；chance机会；improvement改进。根据“I learned that all of the miles, the tears, the sweat, and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a (an)...”可知，比赛过程中所经历的一切并不是一场比赛，而是成长。故选A。
21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是四则招聘启事，三个人的兴趣及特长，需根据需求匹配合适的工作。
21．根据“Jenny enjoys reading and has strong writing skills. She got experience by working on the school newspaper.”可知，Jenny擅长阅读和写作，并且有办校报的经验。选项B“招聘作家”与之匹配。故选B。
22．根据“Andy is good at listening and always patient when communicating. However, he is only free at weekends.”可知，Andy耐心，善于倾听，只能周末工作，选项C“需要周末上班并且注重交流和照顾他人。”与之匹配。故选C。
23．根据“Jim loves picking up new skills. He is also responsible and takes pride in keeping places tidy.”可知，Jim喜欢学习新技能，且乐于保持环境整洁。选项D“学员美发师不需要经验，又要求保持环境整洁，能学到理发技能。”与之匹配。故选D。
24．D 25．A 26．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了文化差异如何影响“心智理论”（ToM）的发展，并探讨了不同文化背景下人们对他人想法和感受的理解方式。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Studies have found that people who grew up with values that emphasized working together and caring about others are exceptionally good at understanding what other people are thinking and feeling.”（研究发现，那些在强调合作和关心他人的价值观中成长的人，特别擅长理解他人的想法和感受。）可知，那些在强调相互依赖的价值观中成长的孩子更擅长理解他人。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These cultural values can shape how people think about and understand others.”（这些文化价值观可以塑造人们如何思考和理解他人。）可知，ToM受到成长过程中所接受的价值观的影响。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第三段“Why does ToM differ based on culture This is because ToM develops differently depending on several cognitive processes that develop as children grow up.”（为什么ToM会因文化而异？这是因为ToM的发展取决于儿童成长过程中发展的几种认知过程。）以及最后一段“Studying cultural differences in ToM is important for understanding the relationships between culture, cognitive processes and social behavior.”（研究ToM中的文化差异对于理解文化、认知过程和社会行为之间的关系非常重要。）可知，本文主要讨论的是文化差异如何影响ToM的发展。故选B。
27．C 28．A 29．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨消费问题，指出人们在消费上花费大量时间，虽消费产品本身未必不好，但过度消费需审视，通过假设不花钱的一周引出非消费体验能带来重要回忆，倡导减少消费以获得更多满足感的体验。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.” 可知，如果花费太多时间消费产品，我们应该仔细考虑。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“However, we can start a personal revolution (变革) against consumerism. How By consuming less.” 可以看出，作者认为我们可以通过减少消费来对消费主义说“不”。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段“By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们有更多积极的体验。故选D。
30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C
【导语】本文介绍了一项心理学研究发现：内向者可能比外向者更能从容应对老龄化的挑战，因为他们的性格特质（如偏好安静环境、享受独处、建立深度社交关系等）更契合伴随年龄增长的自然社会变化，这种“内向者优势”体现在情绪调节、社交选择和生活适应等方面。
30．词句猜测题。根据“Introverts may manage the challenges of aging better... the introvert’s natural inclinations may serve as a built-in buffer against some of aging’s most common challenges”可知，内向者的天性能够帮助他们应对衰老带来的挑战，“buffer”在此处表示对挑战的“缓冲”或“保护”作用，与“Protector（保护者）”含义最接近。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“Laura Carstensen... suggests that as people grow older, they naturally become more selective about their social interactions, preferring quality over quantity”可知，Carstensen认为老年人会更倾向于选择高质量的社交关系，而非数量。“远离无价值的人际关系”体现了 “重质量、轻数量”的选择性社交，符合其研究结论。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“The very qualities of introverts—preference for quieter environments, comfort with being alone, and deeper but fewer social connections—appear to match well with the natural development of the social world as they grow older”可知，内向者偏好安静环境、享受独处、注重深度社交等特质，与衰老过程中社交世界的自然变化（如社交选择性增强）高度契合。故选D。
33．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，全文围绕多项研究展开，核心论点是内向者的特质（如深度思考、选择性社交、擅长独处）使其更能适应衰老带来的社交变化和心理挑战，从而在老年阶段表现出更好的心理调整能力。C选项 “内向的人：年龄越大感觉越好”最为适合。故选C。
34．400 million tons. 35．When it’s produced, burned, or buried. 36．Making, reusing, recycling, and getting rid of it. 37．I think creating the new treaty on plastics is a great idea. Because plastic waste is harming the ecosystem and the new treaty will help to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection. (开放题，无标准答案)
【导语】本文主要介绍了UNEA要制定一个条约来解决全球塑料问题。
34．根据“It’s reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.”可知，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料。故填400 million tons.
35．根据“It gives off dangerous gases (气体) when it’s produced and also when it’s burned or buried (掩埋) in the ground.”可知塑料在生产时、被燃烧或掩埋时都会释放有害气体。故填When it’s produced, burned, or buried.
36．根据“The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic ‘life cycle’, including making it, reusing it, recycling it, and getting rid of (处理) it.”可知，整个塑料“生命周期”包括制造、再利用、回收和处理。故填Making, reusing, recycling, and getting rid of it.
37．开放性试题，答案合理即可。参考答案为I think creating the new treaty on plastics is a great idea. Because plastic waste is harming the ecosystem and the new treaty will help to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
38．例文
I’m glad to talk about someone I feel thankful for.
I’ll always be thankful for my English teacher, Mrs. Li. She has such a kind heart and lights up every room with her bright smile.
I am thankful for her support during my English study. Whenever I had trouble with my English, she was always there to guide me patiently. In addition to teaching me language, she also inspired me to become a better person—helping me build strong character and encouraging me to take on challenges. These lessons will undoubtedly stay with me for life.
I hope Mrs. Li will be happy and healthy forever.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：围绕心怀感恩的人展开，通过具体事例表达对英语老师的感激之情，包含老师的性格、对学习的帮助、品格培养及个人期望等要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明主题，引出对老师的感激；
第二步，描述老师的善良性格和灿烂笑容，通过耐心指导英语难题、激励成为更好的人等具体事例，体现老师在学习和品格上的双重影响；
第三步，表达对老师健康快乐的祝愿，总结老师的教导将伴随一生。
[亮点词汇]
①light up照亮
②inspire激励
③build strong character培养坚强品格
[高分句型]
①Whenever I had trouble with my English, she was always there to guide me patiently. (whenever引导的时间状语从句)
39．例文：
Being prepared is important. I learned this through my own experience.
Last year, I took part in an English speech competition. At first, I felt nervous and worried because I didn’t prepare well. Three days before the competition, I asked my Chinese teacher for advice. She told me that I wasn’t fully prepared for this. Then I practiced for hours every day to improve my skills. When the competition came, I did a great job and won a prize! This experience taught me that preparation brings confidence and success. Now I always prepare carefully for everything, and I feel proud of my progress.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时及一般过去时；
③提示：提示问题已给出，考生注意围绕问题进行表述，适当增加细节，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接前文，通过自己的经历引出下文；
第二步，具体表述自己的经历；
第三步，表述自己从中学到的经验。
[亮点词汇]
①take part in参加
②prepare well做好准备
③feel proud of对……感到骄傲
[高分句型]
①At first, I felt nervous and worried because I didn’t prepare well.（because引导原因状语从句）
②She told me that I wasn’t fully prepared for this.（that引导宾语从句）
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
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