Unit 7 The value of money 单元知识清单 冀教版新教材英语八年级下册

Unit 7 The value of money 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. money / m ni/ n. 钱；金钱（不可数名词；短语：earn money 赚钱；save money 存钱）
2. value / v lju / n. 价值；重要性 v. 重视；珍视（短语：the value of money 金钱的价值；value time 珍惜时间）
3. buy /ba / v. 买；购买（过去式/过去分词：bought；短语：buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物）
4. sell /sel/ v. 卖；销售（过去式/过去分词：sold；短语：sell out 卖完；sell well 畅销）
5. cost /k st/ v. 花费；值（多少钱）n. 成本；费用（过去式/过去分词：cost；短语：cost sb. sth. 花费某人某物）
6. spend /spend/ v. 花费（时间、金钱）；度过（过去式/过去分词：spent；短语：spend...on sth. 在某物上花费；spend...doing sth. 花费…做某事）
7. save /se v/ v. 储蓄；节省；拯救（短语：save money 存钱；save time 节省时间）
8. price /pra s/ n. 价格；价钱（短语：low price 低价；high price 高价；what's the price of... …的价格是多少？）
9. cheap /t i p/ adj. 便宜的；廉价的（比较级：cheaper；最高级：cheapest；反义词：expensive）
10. expensive / k spens v/ adj. 昂贵的；花钱多的（比较级：more expensive；最高级：most expensive；反义词：cheap）
11. wallet / w l t/ n. 钱包；皮夹（短语：lose a wallet 丢钱包）
12. bank /b k/ n. 银行；岸（短语：bank card 银行卡；go to the bank 去银行）
13. coin /k n/ n. 硬币；钱币（短语：collect coins 收集硬币）
14. note /n t/ n. 纸币；笔记；便条（短语：a 10-yuan note 一张10元纸币）
15. pay /pe / v. 支付；付费 n. 工资；薪水（过去式/过去分词：paid；短语：pay for 为…付费；pay sb. 付钱给某人）
16. afford / f d/ v. 买得起；负担得起（常与can/can't连用；短语：afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事）
17. need /ni d/ v. 需要；必须 n. 需要；需求（短语：need to do sth. 需要做某事；in need 在困境中）
18. want /w nt/ v. 想要；需要 n. 想要的东西；需求（短语：want to do sth. 想要做某事；want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事）
19. product / pr d kt/ n. 产品；制品（短语：daily products 日用品）
20. service / s v s/ n. 服务；公共服务（短语：good service 好服务；service industry 服务业）
21. rich /r t / adj. 富有的；富裕的（反义词：poor；短语：be rich in 富含…）
22. poor /p (r)/ adj. 贫穷的；可怜的（反义词：rich；短语：poor family 贫困家庭）
23. budget / b d t/ n. 预算 v. 做预算（短语：make a budget 做预算）
24. pocket / p k t/ n. 口袋；衣袋（短语：pocket money 零花钱）
25. shop / p/ v. 购物 n. 商店；店铺（现在分词：shopping；短语：go shopping 去购物；online shop 网店）
26. online / n la n/ adj. 在线的；联网的 adv. 在线地（短语：online shopping 网购）
27. earn / n/ v. 赚得；挣得（短语：earn money 赚钱；earn a living 谋生）
28. penny / peni/ n. 便士；一分钱（复数：pennies/pence；短语：every penny 每一分钱）
29. waste /we st/ v. 浪费；滥用 n. 浪费；废弃物（短语：waste money 浪费钱；don't waste time 别浪费时间）
30. important / m p tnt/ adj. 重要的；重大的（短语：it's important to do sth. 做某事很重要）
二、重点短语
1. the value of money 金钱的价值
2. earn money 赚钱
3. save money 存钱
4. spend money on sth. 在某物上花钱
5. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事
6. cost sb. some money 花费某人一些钱
7. pay for sth. 为某物付费
8. afford to buy 买得起
9. low price 低价
10. high price 高价
11. cheap product 便宜的产品
12. expensive service 昂贵的服务
13. make a budget 做预算
14. go shopping 去购物
15. online shopping 网上购物
16. bank card 银行卡
17. pocket money 零花钱
18. rich or poor 富有或贫穷
19. lose a wallet 丢钱包
20. collect coins 收集硬币
21. in need 在困境中
22. waste money 浪费钱
23. daily products 日用品
24. good service 优质服务
25. what's the price of... …的价格是多少？
26. buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物
27. sell out 卖完
28. earn a living 谋生
29. be rich in 富含…
30. it's important to do sth. 做某事很重要
三、重点句型
1. —How much is this T-shirt / What's the price of this T-shirt
—It's 50 yuan.
（—这件T恤多少钱？—50元。）
2. I spend 2 hours (in) finishing my homework every day.
（我每天花2小时完成作业。）
3. The new bike cost me 300 yuan last month.
（上个月这辆新自行车花了我300元。）
4. I paid 30 yuan for the meal in the restaurant.
（我在餐厅花30元付了餐费。）
5. We can't afford to buy that expensive house in the city center.
（我们买不起市中心那栋昂贵的房子。）
6. It's important to save some money every month for unexpected things.
（每个月存一些钱以备不时之需很重要。）
7. Money can't buy happiness, but it can help us live a more comfortable life.
（金钱买不到幸福，但它能帮助我们过上更舒适的生活。）
8. My parents give me 100 yuan as pocket money every week.
（我父母每周给我100元零花钱。）
9. We shouldn't waste money on junk food or useless toys.
（我们不应该把钱浪费在垃圾食品或无用的玩具上。）
10. The old man is rich, but he still values every penny he earns from his small shop.
（这位老人很富有，但他仍然珍惜从自己小店里赚来的每一分钱。）
四、重点词汇辨析
1. spend, cost, pay, take（表示“花费”）
词汇 词性与含义 用法区别 例句
spend v. 花费（时间/金钱）；度过 主语为人，结构：spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. / (in) doing sth. I spent 2 hours (in) finishing my homework. / She spent 50 yuan on the dress.
cost v. 花费（金钱）；值（钱）n. 成本 主语为物，结构：sth. cost sb. + 金钱 The book cost me 12 yuan. / This new game costs a lot of money.
pay v. 支付；付费 n. 工资 主语为人，结构：pay + 金钱 + for sth. / pay sb. + 金钱 I paid 30 yuan for the meal. / He paid the waiter 100 yuan.
take v. 花费（时间）；拿走 主语通常为it，结构：It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. It takes me 10 minutes to walk to school every day.
2. cheap & expensive
词汇 词性与含义 用法区别 例句
cheap adj. 便宜的；廉价的 修饰物品，指价格低，反义词是expensive This pen is very cheap. It only costs 2 yuan.
expensive adj. 昂贵的；花钱多的 修饰物品，指价格高，反义词是cheap；也可用dear（英式英语） That watch is too expensive. I can't afford it.
3. value & price
词汇 词性与含义 用法区别 例句
value n. 价值；重要性 v. 重视；珍视 作名词指事物本身的内在价值；作动词表示看重某物的价值 The value of friendship is more than money. / We should value our time.
price n. 价格；价钱 v. 给...定价 作名词指物品的售卖价格；作动词表示给商品定价 What's the price of this bag / The shop priced the shoes at 80 yuan.
4. need & want
词汇 词性与含义 用法区别 例句
need v. 需要；必须 n. 需要；需求 强调客观上的需要，可作实义动词或情态动词（否定needn't） I need to buy a new schoolbag. / You needn't finish it today.
want v. 想要；需要 n. 想要的东西；需求 强调主观上的想要，只能作实义动词，结构：want to do sth. / want sb. to do sth. I want to go to the cinema tonight. / My mom wants me to learn English well.
5. earn & win
词汇 词性与含义 用法区别 例句
earn v. 赚得；挣得；获得 指通过工作、劳动等方式获得金钱或报酬 He earns 5000 yuan every month by working in a factory.
win v. 赢；获胜；赢得 n. 胜利；赢 指通过比赛、竞争等赢得奖品、荣誉或胜利 She won the first prize in the English competition.
五、重点语法
1. 询问价格的特殊疑问句（核心交际语法）
核心句型：
① How much + be动词 + 主语 （主语为可数名词单数/不可数名词）
例：How much is this book / How much is the milk
② How much + be动词 + 可数名词复数
例：How much are these apples
③ What's the price of + 名词 （可接单复数）
例：What's the price of that bike / What's the price of these pens
回答方式：
① 直接报价格：It's + 价格. / They're + 价格.
例：It's 15 yuan. / They're 20 yuan for two.
② 补充折扣或优惠：It's 10 yuan, but it's on sale for 8 yuan now.
2. 表示“花费”的动词搭配（spend/cost/pay/take）
用法回顾（见词汇辨析1）
拓展转换：
例：I spent 10 yuan on the pen. → The pen cost me 10 yuan. → I paid 10 yuan for the pen.
注意事项：
spend的主语必须是人；cost的主语必须是物；pay的主语是人；take的主语通常是it。
spend后接时间时，可省略in，直接接doing sth.
3. 形容词的比较级（描述价格高低）
规则变化：
cheap → cheaper → cheapest
expensive → more expensive → most expensive
常用句型：
① A is + 比较级 + than B.
例：This shirt is cheaper than that one.
② Which is + 比较级, A or B
例：Which is more expensive, the red bag or the blue one
4. 情态动词can/can't表能力（afford的用法）
含义：用can表示“能够负担得起”，can't表示“负担不起”，常与afford连用。
结构：can/can't afford to do sth. / can/can't afford sth.
例：I can afford this toy. / We can't afford to go abroad this year.
拓展：can还可用于表示请求许可：Can I borrow some money from you
六、写作指导（主题：如何合理使用零花钱）
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明主题，介绍自己的零花钱情况，总述合理使用的重要性 I get 100 yuan as pocket money every week from my parents. It's important to use it wisely because money is not easy to earn.
主体 分点说明使用方式：存一部分、花在学习用品、帮助需要的人，加入具体例子 First, I save 30 yuan every month in my piggy bank. Second, I spend about 40 yuan on school things like pens and notebooks. Last month, I used 20 yuan to buy some books for a poor classmate.
结尾 总结金钱的价值，强调不浪费，学会珍惜和合理规划 Pocket money is not just for buying toys. It teaches us to value money and plan our life. I think everyone should learn to use their pocket money wisely.
2. 范文示例
How to Use Pocket Money Wisely
I get 100 yuan as pocket money every week from my parents. It's not a lot, but I know it comes from my parents' hard work. So I think it's very important to use it wisely.
First, I always save 30 yuan every month in my small piggy bank. I want to save enough money to buy a new bicycle next year, which will help me go to school faster. Second, I spend about 40 yuan on school things, like pens, notebooks and reference books. Sometimes I buy my favorite storybooks too, because reading makes me happy. Last month, I learned that one of my classmates in the countryside couldn't afford new schoolbags. So I used 20 yuan of my pocket money to buy a nice schoolbag and some pens for her. She was very happy, and I felt a warm sense of happiness too.
I never waste my pocket money on junk food or useless toys. I know that money can't buy everything, but it can help us do meaningful things. Using pocket money wisely teaches me to value every penny and plan for the future. I think this is a good lesson about the true value of money.