(共37张PPT)
Presentation
Unit2 Stay Healthy
Section B How should we stay healthy
Reading Plus
课外阅读课公开课
单元主题范畴：人与自我＆人与社会
单元主题内容：身体健康、生活习惯、情绪管理；公共卫生，安全防护
(2024新版)人教版 八年级(下册)
Presentation
Learning Objectives
1.通过观看视频和图片，能够正确的回答问题，能够说出打喷嚏的症状和原因。（学习理解）
2.通过观看课文图片和标题，能够正确地预测课文大意；通过fast reading，能够正确的划分文章层次和匹配段意；通过Careful reading,能够正确的回答问题，能够说出打喷嚏的原因诱因以及如何保护自己。(学习理解，应用实践)
3.通过问题讨论，能够说出打喷嚏有利和有害的方面，能够正确认识和面对打喷嚏这个常见的生理现象；通过制作思维导图，学会梳理所学内容，把知识系统化。(迁移创新)
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s enjoy a video and answer the question.
1. What is Bald Qiang doing
/sni z/ n.&v.喷嚏声; 打喷嚏
2. Do you sneeze
3. When you sneese,
what do you usually do
He is sneezing.
Yes, I do./No, I…
I often cover my
mouth with a napkin.
Do you know why people sneese
Pre-reading
Presentation
Look and say
Pre-reading
1. What’s the matter with the boy in the picture
2.When will you sneese
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
He’s sneezing.
sneeze/sni z/（动词）打喷嚏
拓展：（名词）喷嚏；喷嚏声
When we have a cold.
When we are allergic to something, like pollen, dust and so on.
What do you know about sneezing
Presentation
Look and predict
Look at the picture and title and predict what we will read.
Why do we sneeze
How the sneezing happen
What should we do when we sneeze
What do you want to know about
sneezing
...
Pre-reading
Presentation
Read and answer
Fast-reading
1.How many paragraphs are there
2. The text is mainly about ____.
A. introduction of sneezing
B. functions of sneezing
C. causes of sneezing
3. Which kind of material is this text most likely from
A. A novel about a boy’s daily life.
B. A science magazine for teenagers
C. A history book about medical development
D. A recipe book for healthyu food
Read the passage fast and answer the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
6 paragraphs.
Tips:Titles and pictures often tell us the main idea.
A
Presentation
Watch and say
Let’s enjoy another video and answer the question.
1. Why do we sneese
2.Do you think sneezing
is good or bad Why
I think it’s sometimes good.
Because sneezing can get
the dust out of my nose.
We sneese to clear things
that don’t belong(属于)
in our nose.
Pre-reading
Do you want to know more about sneese
Let’s read a passage.
Presentation
Fast-reading
Read and match
Read the passage fast again and match the main idea of each paragraph.
1. How many parts can this article be divided into
Part 1
Part 2
Four.
Part 3
Part 4
1 2 3 4 5 6
2. Match the main idea with each Para.
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Sneezing spreads diseases
and how to protect others.
Sneezing protects the body.
Sneezing process and
body reactions(反应).
Unusual sneezing causes and triggers(诱因)
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and answer
Read Part. 1 and answer the questions.
2. What does sneezing help the body get rid of
3. What is sneezing, according to the passage
1. Where would sneezing
probably be if there was a
list of self-protection ways
It probably would not be on the list.
Things that may harm it, like germs, dust and smoke.
It is the body’s way of getting rid of things that may harm us.
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and answer
Read Part. 2 and answer the
questions.
1. Why we can't control it
Nose gets tickled (鼻痒)
→ Brain _____________
→________________to the body to get it out
2.What happens during a sneeze
Step 1: Eyes _______, tongue presses up, stomach/chest muscles ___________
Step 2: Air blasts out of lungs & nose
Step 3: Air ________ germs, dust and tiny drops of water
takes over
Sends message
shut
get tight
carries
( ) 3. According to the text, what is the main function of sneezing
A. To express happiness.
B. To get rid of germs and dust.
C. To cool down the body.
D. To attract attention.
B
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Careful-reading
Watch and learn
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Careful-reading
Read and complete
Read Part. 3 and complete the table.
Unusual Causes of Sneezing Example 1 ____________→ Some people sneeze when looking at it
Example 2 _____________
Allergic to certain plants → Sneeze a lot _________________
Allergic to dogs/cats → Usually can’t keep them as pets
Bright light
Allergies
in blooming seasons
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and complete
Read Part. 4 and complete the table.
Downsides & Protection Tips Downsides of Sneezing Bad for _____________
A way of ____________________
Protection Tips When sneezing: Cover nose and mouth
After sneezing: _________________
nearby people
spreading diseases
Wash hands
Why is sneezing “bad for
others”
Because sneezing can send out germs at a high speed and over a certain distance, which may spread illnesses to the people nearby.
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and say
Read Part. 4 again and answer the question.
Why does the writer use these numbers
To show how far and fast the germs can travel from one sneeze.
To show the facts and make us convinced(信服的)
Reading tip:
Use numbers to make words more scientific and persuasive.
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and fill
Read the passage again and complete the mind map.
tissue paper
an allergy
wear a mask if necessary
nose and mouth
turn your back on others
Throw away
hands
open the window...
What do foreigners say after we sneeze
Presentation
Careful-reading
Watch and learn
Presentation
Careful-reading
Read and circle
Read the text. Circle T for true and F for false. Then correct the false statements.
1
1. Sneezing is our body’s way of telling us that we
are sick.
2. When we sneeze, it affects many different parts
of our body.
3. Bright light can make some people sneeze.
4. Sneezing can spread germs at a high speed up
to 6 metres away.
5. We should cover our nose and mouth when
sneezing to prevent passing germs to others.
T F
T F
T F
T F
T F
getting rid of things that may harm us.
8 metres away
Presentation
2
Careful-reading
Read and write
Read again. Write down what the words in bold refer to.
1. In fact, it is the body’s way of getting rid of things that may harm you. _____________
2. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get it out.
_______________
3. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in
others. ________________
sneezing
Our brain
other seasons
Presentation
2
Careful-reading
Read and write
Read again. Write down what the words in bold refer to.
4. After that, make sure to wash your hands.
_________________________
_________________________
5. Sneezing helps your body protect itself, but doing these
two things can help you protect everyone else! _________
covering your nose and mouth
when sneezing
your body
Presentation
Listen and repeat
Post-reading
Presentation
3
Discuss and say
Discuss the questions.
1. What information have you learnt from the text that
you didn’t know before
2. What should we do if we sneeze
Sneezing helps us protect ourselves from things like germs, dust, and smoke.
If we sneeze, we should cover our nose and mouth. And we should wash our hands after sneezing.
Post-reading
Presentation
Post-reading
Discuss and say
What did you learn about sneezing
Share in groups and then make a list about what you learned.
Sneezing is good for us because it stops something like germs, dust and smoke from entering our body.
Sneezing can spread diseases.
...
Presentation
Post-reading
Discuss and write
Group Discussion
In groups of 4, discuss the "dos" and "don'ts" when sneezing in public. List at least 3 points for each.
Dos
Presentation
Post-reading
Discuss and write
Hi everyone, today we’re going to talk about dos and don’ts when you sneeze in public.
Dos
1. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your bent elbow, not your hands.
2. Wash your hands right away after sneezing, or use hand sanitizer if you can’t get to soap and water.
3. Say “Excuse me” quietly to the people nearby to be polite.
Don’ts
1. Don’t sneeze directly at other people—this spreads germs easily.
2. Don’t throw used tissues on the floor; put them in a trash bin.
3. Don’t touch your eyes, nose, mouth, or public surfaces with dirty hands after sneezing.
These small habits help keep everyone healthy and show respect for those around you.
Sample
Presentation
Post-reading
Look and create
Based on your discussion and life experience, make a mind map about "Safe Sneezing Habits".
Use the example on the right to organize your ideas.
You have 5 minutes to complete your group's mind map.
Example Mind Map
Extra Task: Work in pairs. Use the mind map to write down how to keep yourself and others safe.
Create a Mind Map
Presentation
Post-reading
Watch and learn
Presentation
Language points
Para.1
If you had to list different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list. But when you sneeze, that is exactly what is happening. Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs, dust, and smoke. In fact, it is the body’s way of getting rid of things that may harm you.
列出保护自己的各种方法
a way of doing sth 做某事的方法
打喷嚏
protect sb. from sth. 保护某人免受某物的伤害
Wearing masks can protect us from viruses.
细菌、灰尘、烟雾等物质
get rid of 摆脱；除去
that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 things
harm v.&n.伤害
Presentation
Language points
People cannot really control their sneezes. If something starts tickling the inside of our nose, our brain
takes over. It knows that something inside the nose should not be there, so it sends a message to the body to get it out.
/ t kl/v.（使）发痒
take over 接替；接管；接收
介词短语作后置定语
给某人 / 某物发送信号
把某物弄出去
Para.2
Presentation
Language points
Para.3
When we sneeze, many things happen in a very short time. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get tight. Next, a sudden blast of air comes out of our lungs and then our nose. As the air goes out of our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water with it.
在短时间内
闭上眼晴 shut-shut
舌头抵住上颚
腹部和胸部的肌肉会收紧
突然一股气流
排出
carry sth. with sth. 某物携带着某物
Presentation
Language points
Para.4
Some unusual things can also make us sneeze. For example, some people sneeze when they look at a bright light. If people have an allergy, certain plants or animals might also make them sneeze. If they are allergic to certain plants, they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom, but not in others. If they are allergic to dogs or cats, they usually cannot have one as a pet.
不寻常的东西
强光
have an allergy 过敏
be allergic to 对…… 过敏
大量；许多
植物开花
=other seasons，避免重复
作为宠物
Presentation
Language points
Para.5
While sneezing is good for the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby. Sneezing is one way that diseases spread. Millions of germs from one sneeze can travel up to about 8 metres at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour! These germs can stay in the air, and if other people breathe in those germs, they can get sick too.
虽然打喷嚏对打喷嚏的人有好处；while 此处表 “虽然、尽管”
附近的人 ；此处nearby 是 adj.，意为 “附近的；邻近的”
that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 way
spread-spread
多达；达到
以……的速度
停留在空气中
吸入
Presentation
Language points
Para.6
If you sneeze, always cover your nose and mouth. After that, make sure to wash your hands. Sneezing helps your body protect itself, but doing these two things can help you protect everyone else!
cover one's nose and mouth 捂住某人的鼻子和嘴巴
确保去做某事
protect oneself 保护自己
其他每个人
Presentation
Class test
一、选词填空
stop suffer important avoid ill take should medicine you virus
Do you have the flu The flu is an 1 that can cause a fever and pains and make people weak. Sometimes, it can make people so sick that they have to stay in bed all day. We should do our best 2 it from spreading (传播). Do the following things if you are 3 from the flu.
Tell your parents first. They’ll 4 you to a doctor soon. The doctor will test you and give you some 5 . You 6 keep away from meeting lots of people. It’s good for you to stay at home and rest if you have the flu. By staying at home, you won’t spread the 7 to your classmates or other people. Staying at home can also help you get better soon. Remember to take care of 8 by getting enough rest and drinking much hot water.
Most 9 , keep your room clean and open the windows to let fresh air in every day. Try to wash your hands regularly to
10 spreading the flu to other family members.
illness
to stop
suffering
take
medicine
should
virus
yourself
importantly
avoid
Presentation
Class test
二、语法选择
Weight management has become a hot topic (话题) during this year’s Two Sessions (两会). With the increasing speed of life, 1 (many) people have unhealthy diets and lifestyles than before, which leads to the rise of obesity (肥胖) rates.
According to recent news, the problem among teenagers is also worrying. Obesity not only affects looks 2 also seriously harms health. It can lead to health problems 3 heart problems. 4 (solve) this, the “Weight Management Year” program aims to help people control 5 (they) weight better.Many cities 6 (join) in so far. In Yangzhou, the city organized 7 weight-loss competition last year. Meanwhile, Wunu Mountain Scenic Area in Benxi offered BMI-based ticket discounts.
8 (tour) with a BMI above 28 could enter for free. These initiatives encourage people 9 (manage) their munity centers also give 10 (person) weight-loss plans according to body conditions.
more
but
like
To solve
their
have joined
a
Tourists
to manage
personal
Presentation
三、翻译句子
Class test
1. 他把耳朵紧贴在门上，试图听清里面的对话。
_______________________________________________________________
2. 太阳终于从云层后面钻了出来。
_______________________________________________________________
3. 互联网让信息在几秒钟内就能传遍全球。
_______________________________________________________________
4. 在山里徒步时，我们尽情吸入新鲜的空气。
_______________________________________________________________
5. 出门前请确保关掉所有的灯和电器。
_______________________________________________________________
He pressed his ear against the door, trying to hear the conversation inside clearly.
The sun finally came out of the clouds.
The Internet allows information to spread across the globe in just a few seconds.
When hiking in the mountains, we breathed in the fresh air to our hearts' content.
Please make sure to turn off all the lights and electrical appliances before you go out.
Presentation
Must do:
Complete your list about sneezing and share it with partner.
Choose to do:
Learn more about sneezing on the Internet.
谢谢
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Unit 2 Section B Reading Plus 语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1.Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs, dust, and smoke.
打喷嚏能帮助你抵御细菌、灰尘和烟雾之类的事物。
protect...from... 是核心固定搭配，意为保护…… 免受……（伤害 / 危害），也可译为 “抵御、使…… 免受……”。
结构解析
protect 是及物动词，后面接 “被保护的对象”（本句中是 you）；
from 是介词，后接 “可能造成伤害的事物”（本句中是 germs, dust, and smoke）。
变形与拓展
被动语态：be protected from...（被保护免受……），例：We should be protected from the sun's harmful UV rays.（我们应该受到保护，免受太阳紫外线的伤害。）；
同义替换：protect...against...（用法基本一致，against 更侧重 “对抗、防御” 的意味），例：Wear a hat to protect your head against the sun.（戴帽子保护头部免受日晒。）；
省略式：protect from...（直接省略宾语，表 “保护自身免受……”），例：This cream protects from skin irritation.（这款面霜能抵御皮肤刺激。）。
2. In fact, it is the body’s way of getting rid of things that may harm you.
事实上，这是身体摆脱可能对你造成伤害的物质的方式。
harm 的用法分析
1)词性与核心含义
harm 在这里作动词，意为 “伤害；损害”。
也可作名词，意为 “伤害；损害”（例：do harm to… 对…… 造成伤害）。
2)本句中的用法
harm you：动词 + 宾语结构，直接表示 “伤害你”。
句子结构：things that may harm you → 定语从句，修饰先行词 things，意为 “可能伤害你的东西”。
3)常见搭配与拓展
动词用法：
harm sb./sth.：伤害某人 / 某物
Smoking harms your health.（吸烟有害健康。）
名词用法：
do harm to sb./sth.：对…… 造成伤害
Too much sun can do harm to your skin.（过度日晒会伤害皮肤。）
cause harm to sb./sth.：对…… 造成伤害
Pollution causes great harm to the environment.（污染对环境造成巨大危害。）
形容词形式：harmful（有害的），常搭配 be harmful to…
Junk food is harmful to your body.（垃圾食品对身体有害。）
3. Usually, our eyes shut, our tongue presses against the top of our mouth, and the muscles in our stomach and chest get tight.
通常，我们会闭上眼睛，舌头抵住上颚，胃部和胸部的肌肉会绷紧。
against 的用法分析
1)本句中的含义与结构
在 presses against the top of our mouth 中，against 是介词，意为“紧靠；抵住；顶着”，表示两个物体相互接触、施加压力的状态。
搭配：press against + 名词 → 按压在…… 上；抵住……
例句：He pressed his face against the window.（他把脸贴在窗户上。）
2)against 的其他常见用法
表示 “反对；对抗”
We are against this plan.（我们反对这个计划。）
表示 “防备；预防”
protect against the cold（防寒）
表示 “对比；对照”
The white walls stand out against the blue sky.（白墙在蓝天的映衬下格外醒目。）
表示 “撞击；碰撞”
The rain beat against the window.（雨敲打着窗户。）
II．语言点精练
一、单词填空。请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
1. Our class is making a health b______ to teach others about safety.
2. E______ strain is a common problem if you look at screens for too long.
3. Before you create your project, you need to do some r______ on your topic.
4. We should f______ on one health problem and learn about it deeply.
5. A food a______ can be very serious and needs immediate care.
6. To a______ backache, you shouldn't sit in the same position for hours.
7. The teacher asked us to t______ a minor cut by cleaning it first.
8. Digital d______ like phones and computers can hurt our eyes.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1 He __________ (visit) the dentist if he has a toothache.
2. Our group has __________ (choose) to focus on cuts.
7. It is important __________ (know) how to treat a burn.
4. They enjoyed __________ (learn) about different health problems.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 打喷嚏能帮助你抵御细菌、灰尘和烟雾之类的事物。
Sneezing helps you _______ yourself _______ things like germs, dust, and smoke.
2. 吸烟会损害你的健康。
Smoking will _____ _______ to your health.
3. 当空气从鼻子里呼出时，会把细菌、灰尘和小水珠一起带出去。
As the air _______ ______ of our nose, it carries germs, dust, and tiny drops of water with it.
4. 虽然打喷嚏对打喷嚏的人有益，但对旁边的人却可能很不好。
While sneezing is ______ _____ the person doing it, it can be very bad for the people nearby.
5. 在那之后，一定要洗手。
After that, _______ _______ to wash your hands.
四、根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Good morning. You don't look well. 1.___________________________
B: Good morning, nurse. I have a terrible headache.
A: 2.___________________________. Did you sleep well last night
B: Not really. I stayed up late to finish my science project.
A: I see. 3.___________________________
B: No, I don't. But I feel a little dizzy.
A: Let me take your temperature first. (After a while) You don't have a fever. 4.___________________________.
B: What should I do
A: You need to rest. Drink more warm water and try to get enough sleep tonight.
B: 5.___________________________.
A: If you still feel bad tomorrow, come back and see the doctor.
五、完形填空
Tom had a bad tooth, so he often had a toothache. His mother wanted to take him to see a (n) 1 , but he didn’t agree. He is 2 when the doctor extracts (拔出) his tooth. Tom’s mother told him that if he didn’t see the doctor, the pain would get 3 . At last, Tom had to agree.
There were not many people in the 4 . Soon, it was Tom’s turn. He walked 5 into the room and sat down. The doctor looked 6 and said hello to him with a smile. He asked Tom to 7 his mouth. And then he told Tom that he had to extract the 8 tooth. The doctor gave Tom an injection (注射) and promised him that he would not 9 any pain.
Tom really didn’t feel any pain. Then the doctor 10 Tom to brush his teeth twice a day—in the morning and in the evening. He also told Tom not to eat too many sweet things.
1．A．doctor B．scientist C．driver
2．A．proud B．funny C．afraid
3．A．better B．worse C．smaller
4．A．park B．school C．hospital
5．A．easily B．loudly C．nervously
6．A．strict B．friendly C．angry
7．A．close B．fall C．open
8．A．bad B．good C．new
9．A．look B．build C．feel
10．A．forgot B．wrote C．advised
六、五选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1 _____Tina has a high fever because of the flu she caught at school. She has such a bad headache that she can’t go to school.
2_____Jimmy has a lot of work to do every day. He has trouble getting to sleep at night and he usually stays up late to finish his work.
3 Dongdong is an 8-year-old boy. He has a sweet tooth. He has four bad teeth and his mom is worried about his toothache.
4 _____Lily’s father has been a heavy drinker for 20 years. He decided to give up drinking after the health check which showed some health problems.
5 _____Recently Betty eats whatever she likes, including lots of meat. She finds herself getting heavier week by week but just can’t stop eating.
A．Dr. Wright is always ready to offer help on eating problems. He believes each patient needs a different plan to control his / her wish to eat.B．Dr. Wang got a doctor’s degree in traditional Chinese and western medicine. He is good at treating flu (fever, cough, etc.) in both traditional Chinese and western medical ways.C．Dr. Chen has a lot of experience in helping patients get normal sleep. She not only gives them medical care but also provides advice on how to relax from busy work.D．Dr. Liu, one of the best dentists in Guangdong General Hospital, has great skills in fixing bad teeth and communicating with kids to win their trust.E．Dr. Li has developed a new treatment to help patients give up drinking. She also does well in curing (治愈) diseases caused by drinking.
七、选词填空 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择11个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。
water on easily illness diet right peaceful eat see suggestion if
When you don’t feel well, it’s important to take good care of yourself. Here are some useful 1 .
First, if you have a headache, it might be a good idea to lie down and have a rest. A 2 environment can help you relax. Sometimes, a headache can be caused by not drinking enough water. So, drink plenty of 3 to keep your body hydrated.
If you have a fever, it’s a sign that your body is fighting an 4 . You can use a wet towel to cool your forehead. And make sure to wear clothes that are loose (宽松的) so that your body can breathe 5 . Taking some medicine as the doctor tells you is also necessary.
When you cough, it can be really annoying. You’d better avoid 6 spicy food. Instead, have some warm soup. It can soothe your throat. 7 you have a toothache, don’t eat too many sweets. Go to the dentist as soon as possible.
For stomachaches, you should pay attention to your 8 . Avoid eating too much junk food. Sometimes, just lying on your back and relaxing can relieve the pain. And you can also put a hot water bottle 9 your stomach.
All in all, when you’re not feeling well, don’t ignore (忽视) your body. Listen to it carefully and take 10 actions. If the situation doesn’t get better, certainly go to 11 a doctor.
八、阅读理解
Story A: Mike's Change
Mike used to be a "couch potato". He spent hours watching TV every day, ate junk food, and never exercised. By age 14, he was overweight and often felt tired. His parents were worried.
Then one day, Mike couldn't climb the stairs without stopping to catch his breath. "That was my wake-up call," he said. He decided to change. He started small - walking to school instead of taking the bus. Then he joined the school basketball team. Now 16, Mike plays basketball three times a week and eats more vegetables. "I have more energy now. I sleep better and feel happier," he says.
Story B: Emma's Story
Emma is 15 and seems perfect on the outside - good grades, popular, always smiling. But inside, she struggles. She feels she must be perfect at everything. When she gets a B on a test, she can't sleep for days. She exercises two hours every day because she's afraid of gaining weight. She hardly eats snacks and often skips meals.
Her friend noticed she was losing too much weight and told the school counselor. Now Emma is getting help. She's learning that it's okay to not be perfect. "I used to think being healthy meant exercising all the time and eating almost nothing," Emma said. "Now I know real health is about balance - body AND mind."
What does "couch potato" in Story A mean
A. A person who likes potatoes B. A person who watches TV and does little exercise
C. A person who sleeps on the couch D. A person who exercises too much
What made Mike decide to change
A. His parents told him to. B. He couldn't climb stairs easily.
C. He wanted to join the basketball team. D. He saw a doctor.
What was Emma's problem
A. She didn't care about grades. B. She was too hard on herself.
C. She ate too much junk food. D. She never exercised.
What is the main difference between Mike and Emma
A. Mike is younger than Emma. B. Mike had a physical problem, Emma had a mental one.
C. Mike changed himself, Emma got help from others. D. Both B and C.
5.What lesson can we learn from both stories
A. Health is only about eating right.
B. Being perfect is the most important thing.
C. Health includes both body and mind, and balance is key.
D. Teenagers don't need to worry about health.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单词填空。
【答案】 1. brochure; 2. Eye; 3. research; 4. focus; 5. allergy; 6. avoid; 7. treat; 8. devices
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. should visit / will visit; 2. chosen; 3. to know; 4. learning
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
【答案】1.protect from 2. be harmful /do harm 3. gets out 4. good for 5. make sure
四、根据对话内容，在空白处填入适当的句子，使对话完整、通顺。
【答案】
What's wrong with you
I'm sorry to hear that
Do you have a fever
It might just be too much stress
Thank you, nurse. I'll follow your advice
五、完形填空
【答案与解析】
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了汤姆因害怕看牙医而拖延治疗，在妈妈劝说下最终去医院拔除了坏牙的故事。
1．句意：他的妈妈想带他去看医生，但是他不同意。
doctor医生；scientist科学家；driver司机。根据“Tom had a bad tooth, so he often had a toothache.”可知，牙疼应该是看医生。故选A。
2．句意：当医生拔出他的牙时，他很害怕。
proud骄傲的；funny有趣的；afraid害怕的。根据“but he didn’t agree”可知，汤姆不同意去看医生，由此可知，他害怕拔牙。故选C。
3．句意：汤姆的妈妈告诉他，如果他不去看医生，疼痛会更严重。
better更好的；worse更严重的；smaller更小的。根据“if he didn’t see the doctor,”和常识可知，牙疼不去看医生，疼痛会更严重。故选B。
4．句意：医院里没有很多的人。
park公园；school学校；hospital医院。根据上文可知，妈妈带汤姆去看医生，所以此处指医院。故选C。
5．句意：他紧张地走进房间，坐了下来。
easily容易地；loudly大声地；nervously紧张地。根据上文可知，汤姆害怕拔牙，所以此处指他紧张地走进房间。故选C。
6．句意：医生看起来很友好，微笑着向他打招呼。
strict严格的；friendly友好的；angry生气的。根据“said hello to him with a smile”可知，医生看起来很友好。故选B。
7．句意：他叫汤姆张开嘴。
close闭上；fall落下；open张开。根据“his mouth”和常识可知，看牙时需要张开嘴。故选C。
8．句意：然后他告诉汤姆他必须拔出那颗坏牙。
bad坏的；good好的；new新的。根据上文可知，汤姆是牙疼去看医生的，所以此处指拔出那颗坏牙。故选A。
9．句意：医生给汤姆打了一针，并保证他不会感到任何疼痛。
look看起来；build建筑；feel感觉，感到。根据“Tom really didn’t feel any pain.”可知，此处指汤姆不会感到任何疼痛。故选C。
10．句意：然后医生建议汤姆每天刷两次牙，早晚各刷一次。
forgot忘记；wrote写；advised建议。advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，此处指医生建议汤姆每天刷两次牙。故选C。
六、五选五
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．A
【解析】
【导语】本文描述了五位不同病症的患者，以及他们所对应的医生和治疗方法。
1．根据“Tina has a high fever because of the flu ... a bad headache...Tina感染的流感而发烧，头痛严重”，选项B“Dr. Wang 获得了传统中西医资格证。擅长用中西医结合的方式治疗流感(发烧、咳嗽等)，”与之匹配。故选B。
2．根据“He has trouble getting to sleep ...stays up late 难以入睡，常常熬夜”，可知选项C“陈医生在帮助病人获得正常睡眠中有许多经验。他不仅给他们医疗帮助，并且也提供如何从繁忙的工作中获得休息的建议。”与之匹配。故选C。
3．根据“He has four bad teeth ...有四颗蛀牙”，可知，选项D“刘医生是广东总医院最好的牙科医生之一。在修复换牙齿方面有很高的造诣。并且和孩子交流来获取他们的信任。”与之匹配。故选D。
4．根据“He decided to give up drinking ...health problems.他决定戒酒”，可知，选项E“李医生开发了一个新的治疗来帮助病人放弃饮酒。他也擅长治愈由喝酒导致的疾病。”与之匹配。故选E。
5．Betty 面临饮食控制问题。选项A“Wright医生总是乐于提供帮助在吃的问题方面。他相信每个病人需要一个不同的计划来控制他或她希望去吃的东西。”与之匹配，故选A。
七、选词填空
【答案】
1．suggestions 2．peaceful 3．water 4．illness 5．easily 6．eating 7．If 8．diet 9．on 10．right 11．see
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，围绕“身体不适时的自我照顾”展开，从头痛、发烧、咳嗽、牙痛、胃痛等常见不适症状出发，给出了具体的护理建议，帮助人们在身体不舒服时科学应对。
1．句意：这里有一些实用的建议。根据“Here are some useful ...”和备选词可知，“some”后接可数名词复数，suggestion建议，为可数名词，其复数形式suggestions符合语境。故填suggestions。
2．句意：一个安静的环境能帮助你放松。根据“A ... environment can help you relax.”和备选词可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词“environment”，peaceful安静的、平和的，符合放松的需求。故填peaceful。
3．句意：所以，多喝水以保持身体水分充足。根据“a headache can be caused by not drinking enough water”和备选词可知，此处表示补充水分，water水，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填water。
4．句意：如果你发烧了，这表明你的身体正在对抗疾病。根据“have a fever”“your body is fighting an”和备选词可知，发烧是身体对抗疾病的信号，illness疾病，符合语境，an后接可数名词单数。故填illness。
5．句意：确保穿宽松的衣服，这样你的身体才能轻松呼吸。根据“wear clothes that are loose so that your body can breathe ...”和备选词可知，此处需用副词修饰动词“breathe”，easily轻松地，符合宽松衣物带来的呼吸顺畅的效果。故填easily。
6．句意：你最好避免吃辛辣食物。根据“Avoid ... spicy food”和备选词可知，avoid doing sth.是固定用法，此处用eat吃的动名词形式eating。故填eating。
7．句意：如果你牙痛，不要吃太多甜食。根据“... you have a toothache, don’t eat too many sweets”和备选词可知，此处引导条件状语从句，If如果，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填If。
8．句意：对于胃痛，你应该注意你的饮食。根据“For stomachaches, you should pay attention to your ...”和备选词可知，胃痛与饮食相关，diet饮食，符合语境。故填diet。
9．句意：你也可以在肚子上放一个热水袋。根据“put a hot water bottle ... your stomach”和备选词可知，此处表示“在……上面”，on在……之上，符合放置热水袋的位置描述。故填on。
10．句意：仔细倾听身体的声音，采取正确的行动。根据“take ... actions”和备选词可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词“actions”，right正确的，符合科学应对身体不适的需求。故填right。
11．句意：如果情况没有好转，一定要去看医生。根据“go to ... a doctor”和备选词可知，go to see a doctor是固定短语，意为“看医生”，此处用动词原形see看。故填see。
八、阅读理解
【答案与解析】
B
解析： “couch potato”后文描述“spent hours playing video games... never exercised”，指的是长时间坐着不动、缺乏运动的人，即“电视迷/沙发土豆”。B项符合。
考点： 文化背景词理解
B
解析： Mike的故事中明确提到“Then one day, Mike couldn't climb the stairs without stopping to catch his breath. 'That was my wake-up call,' he said.” 因此是爬楼梯困难让他决定改变。
考点： 因果细节
B
解析： Emma的故事描述她追求完美，对自己要求过高，导致身心问题。因此她的问题是对自己太苛刻。A与事实相反；C、D不符合。
考点： 问题概括
D
解析： 对比两人：Mike的问题主要是身体上的（超重、疲惫），Emma的问题是心理上的（焦虑、完美主义）；Mike自己决定改变，Emma则是通过朋友和咨询师帮助。因此B和C都正确，D项“Both B and C”完整。
考点： 对比分析
答案：C
解析： 两则故事共同点：Mike学会了平衡饮食和运动，Emma意识到健康包括身心平衡。文章结尾Emma的话点明主旨：“real health is about balance - body AND mind”。因此C正确。A片面；B与故事相反；D错误。
考点： 综合主旨提炼
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