(共24张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法五 数词
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查数词)
考点梳理
考点一
基数词
1.基数词的构成
1~12 独立成词,需逐个记忆
13~19 词尾加-teen。例如:thirteen,fifteen,eighteen
整十 逢十词尾加-ty。例如:twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty,ninety
几十几 在十位与个位之间加连字符构成。例如:twenty-one
几百几 百位数字+hundred+and+其他。例如:nine hundred and twenty-one
四位数或四位数 以上的基数词 先将数字从右往左数,每三位数用一个逗号隔开, 从右往左第一个逗号表示 “千”,读作thousand;第二个逗号表示 “百万”,读作million;第三个逗号表示 “十亿”,读作billion。例如:99,921表示为ninety-nine thousand,nine hundred and twenty-one
2.基数词的用法
表示数量 基数词+复数名词,例如:five apples五个苹果
表示编号 基数词放在名词后面
No.+基数词
表示时间 表示整点用基数词加o’clock,o’clock可省略
表示几点几分,与汉语顺序相同
如果分钟数小于或等于30,在分钟后加past,再加小时,表示几点过几分,即分钟+past+小时
如果分钟数大于30,要用to来表示差几分到几点,即(与下一小时相差的)分钟+to+下一小时
表示年代、年份 阿拉伯数字后加-s,例如:in the 1870s 在19世纪70年代
表示长、宽、高等 “基数词+单位词(meter/foot等)+形容词(long/wide/high等)”结构,如:The door is two meters high.这个门有两米高。
“基数词+单位词(meter/foot等)+in+名词(length/width/height等)”结构,例如:The door is two meters in height.这个门有两米高。
表示年龄 “基数词+year(s) old”表示“……岁”
“at the age of +基数词”表示“在……岁时”
“in one’s+整十基数词的复数”表示“在某人……十多岁时”
续表
表示倍数 两倍用twice,三或三以上的倍数用“基数词+times”
【拓展】用来表示“倍数”的结构有:倍数+the size/weight/height/depth/width/length等+of+比较对象;倍数+比较级+than+比较对象;倍数+as...as+比较对象
表示在已有的基础上再增加一定的数量 “another+基数词+可数名词”或“基数词+more/other+可数名词”
hundred/thousand/million/ billion 前有基数词时,这些词词尾不加-s,表示确切的数字
表示数量不准确时,这些词词尾加-s,并与of连用
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·四川广元]My old grandfather is in his ,but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well.
A.nineteen B.ninety
C.ninetieth D.nineties
D
2. visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A.Thousand B.Thousand of
C.Thousands D.Thousands of
D
3.[2025·六安模拟]My uncle joined the Party .And he’s now.
A.in 1970s;in his forties
B.in the 1970s;in his fortieth
C.in the 1970s;in his forties
D.in 1970;in his fourties
C
二、单词拼写
4.According to the reporter,more than two____________ (百) trees have been planted in the activity.
5.[2025·四川广安改编]In order to win the match,we have to train (两次) a week.
twice
hundred
考点二
序数词
1.序数词的构成
构成 举例
第一、第二、第三需特殊记忆 first、second、third
4~19序数词是由其相对应的基数词后面加-th构成。注意:有4个序数词的拼写不规则,分别是fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth four→fourth
fifteen→fifteenth
构成 举例
整十的序数词由其对应的基数词变词尾字母y为ie,再加-th构成。注意:ten的序数词为tenth thirty→thirtieth
表示“第几十几”时,只需将个位数变为序数词,十位数仍用基数词 thirty-six→thirty-sixth
2.序数词的用法
用法 举例
“the+序数词”表示顺序,但如果序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词,the要省略 the first day 第一天
my second book我的第二本书
表示日期 on October 25th
在10月25日
“a/an+序数词”表示“又一;再一” try a second time 再试一次
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—What day is it today
—It is Friday,and it’s my birthday.
A.sixteen B.the sixteenth
C.sixteenth D.the sixteen
C
2.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]It’s well known that December is the month of a year.
A.twelve B.twelfth C.twelveth D.twentieth
3.The weather in Kunming is so comfortable and I have been there times.If possible,I still want to go there a time.
A.three;fourth B.third;fourth
C.three;four D.third;four
A
B
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
4.[2025·甘肃白银]This is Li Hua’s (three) time to be a volunteer.
5.[2025·江苏连云港]Su Bingtian was the (one) Asian to break the 10-second barrier(难关) in the men’s 100m race.
first
third
考点三
分数
1.分数的构成
分子用基数词,分母用序数词,若分子大于1,分母要用复数形式,分子和分母之间可以用连字符,也可以不用。例如:
1/6:one sixth/one-sixth
3/4:three fourths
2.分数的用法
用法 例句
分数作主语时,谓语动词单复数形式由of后面的名词决定 Three eighths of the work has been finished.这项工作的八分之三已经完成了。
“分数+of+限定词+population”作主语时,谓语动词为复数,此时population相当于people Three fourths of the population in Singapore are Chinese.新加坡有四分之三的人口是华人。
【效果评估】
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.这首歌在19世纪60年代非常流行。
This song was very popular .
2.我们早上第一节课7:45开始。
Our first class begins at eight.
a quarter to
in the 1860s
3.地球表面大约三分之二是海洋。
About of the earth’s surface _____ ocean.
is
two thirds
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.53
谢谢观看(共53张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法二 代词
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
人称代词 — — 单项填空22 — —
物主代词 — — — — —
反身代词 — — — — —
不定代词 — — — 单项填空22 —
指示代词和疑问代词 — — — — —
单项填空
1.[2023·安徽]I like those books!When I get my pocket money,I will buy .
A.it B.that C.them D.ones
真题再现
C
2.[2022·安徽]—I have but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble.
—Yes,they’re well worth praising.
A.everything B.nothing
C.anything D.something
B
考点梳理
考点一
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
类别 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
1.人称代词
(1)人称代词是用来指代人或物的代词。人称代词有人称、单复数及性别之分。根据人称代词在句中所充当的成分,人称代词有主格和宾格之分。
(2)人称代词的基本用法。
①人称代词主格作主语或表语。例如:
He likes writing letters.他喜欢写信。(He作主语)
—Who is it 是谁呀
—It’s me./It is I.是我。(I/me作表语)
②人称代词宾格作宾语(动词宾语和介词宾语)。例如:
Tell her to call me tomorrow,please.请叫她明天给我打电话。(her、me作动词的宾语)
He got there before me.他比我先到那里。(me作介词的宾语)
③人称代词独立使用时通常用宾格形式。例如:
—I’d like to go back here.我想回到这里来。
—Me,too.我也想。
④人称代词用在as、than后面时,主格和宾格均可以,用主格比较正式,用宾格为口语说法。例如:
My sister is two years older than I (am)/me.我姐姐比我大两岁。
(3)在使用人称代词时要注意的几点。
①we、you、they有时可用来泛指“人们”。例如:
We have to be very careful in this building.在这座大楼里,我们都要十分小心。
②she可以用来指代国家、船只、大地、月亮等。例如:
China will always do what she has promised to do.中国将一直恪守承诺。
③注意多个人称代词并列时的排列顺序:
(A)单数:遵循二、三、一的顺序,即you,he/she and I。例如:
You,he/she and I will be put in the same class.我、你和他/她将被分在同一个班。
(B)复数:遵循一、二、三的顺序,即we,you and they。例如:
We,you and they must be there at seven o’clock.我们、你们和他们所有人必须7点钟到达那里。
(4)it的用法。
①it可以指代上文提到过的事物或想法。例如:
—What do you think of the movie The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru 你认为《里斯本丸沉没》这部电影怎么样
—Wonderful.I like it very much.特别好。我非常喜欢它。
②it 可以指代时间、环境、季节、天气和距离等。例如:
It’s time for school.上学时间到了。
It was raining this morning.今天上午一直在下雨。
③it还可以指代身份不明的人或不确定性别的婴儿。例如:
Someone is knocking at the door.Tom,who can it be 有人在敲门。汤姆,会是谁呢
④it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语。it作形式主语常用于以下句型:
(A)It takes (sb.)+一段时间+to do sth.
(B)It’s+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.
(C)It’s+n./adj.+doing sth.
(D)It’s+n./adj.+that从句
2.物主代词
(1)表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
(2)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的性质,可用在名词前作定语。名词性物主代词具有名词的性质,后面不再接名词,在句中可以充当主语、宾语和表语。例如:
My book is new,but yours is old.我的书是新的,你的书是旧的。(my作定语,yours作主语)
3.反身代词
(1)反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词,反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词是互指关系,在人称、性别和数上要保持一致。
(2)反身代词的用法。
①位于动词或介词之后,作宾语。常见搭配如下:
enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴
dress oneself 穿衣
help oneself to随便吃/用……
for oneself 为自己
teach oneself sth.=learn sth.by oneself自学
by oneself=on one’s own 独自
②位于系动词之后,作表语。例如:
I am not quite myself today.我今天不太舒服。
③位于名词或代词之后或位于句末,作同位语。例如:
The boys made the model planes themselves.这些男孩自己制作了这些飞机模型。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·北京]My sister is good at singing. can even sing some French songs.
A.I B.He C.You D.She
2.[2025·甘肃白银]The purple scarf is not the girl’s._____ is blue.
A.Its B.Hers C.Mine D.His
B
D
3.[2025·合肥蜀山区三模]—I left my tools for the school vegetable garden at home.Could I borrow to help water the plants
—No problem!
A.your B.yours C.their D.theirs
B
5.Katie and I enjoyed at the school food festival last Saturday.
A.myself B.herself
C.yourselves D.ourselves
4.[2025·合肥四十二中二模]With more time to spare,
students now have more time to explore interests like painting or programming.
A.their B.our C.your D.her
D
A
6.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]Chen Chao still sticks to teaching English though he is busy working now.
A.he B.she
C.himself D.herself
7.Many students find helpful to use the Internet because there are plenty of resources online.
A.it B.its
C.that D.those
A
C
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
8.[2025·云南]She sang an English song for (we) at the party yesterday.
9.[2025·江苏连云港改编]Daniel likes keeping art diaries.In this way,he can express (he) through drawing or painting.
himself
us
10.[2025·四川眉山改编]—Mom,could you please help me wash my clothes
—Harry,you are a teen now.You can do it by __________ (you).
11.[2025·四川达州]Students should be allowed to make decisions by (they).
themselves
yourself
12.[2025·江苏扬州]Some tourists fall in love with Yangzhou (it) rather than just its tourist attractions.
itself
考点二
不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代任何特定名词或形容词的代词。下面是几组易混淆不定代词的辨析。
1.some和any
相同点 均可修饰可数名词和不可数名词,表示“一些”,即不确定的数量、数目 不同点 some (1)通常用于肯定句中;
(2)也可用于表达委婉建议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答
any (1)多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中;
(2)用于肯定句时表示“任何(一个/一些)”
2.much和many
相同点 均表示“很多;许多”,可在句中作主语、宾语、定语。作定语时均相当于a lot of/lots of 不同点 many 修饰可数名词复数
much 修饰不可数名词
3.little、a little、few和a few
表示否定 表示肯定
修饰或代替可数名词 few a few
修饰或代替不可数名词 little a little
含义 极少;几乎没有 一些;有一点(相当于some)
【注意】(1)few和little属于否定词,用于反意疑问句时,反问部分用肯定形式。例如:
She has few friends,does she 她朋友很少,是吗
(2)a little还可以作副词,修饰动词、形容词和副词。例如:
She said that memorizing the words of pop music also helped a little.她说记流行歌曲的歌词也有点儿帮助。(修饰动词helped)
This sweater is a little big for me.这件毛衣对我来说有点儿大。(修饰形容词big)
Jack ran a little faster than Sam in the race.在赛跑中杰克比萨姆跑得更快一点。(修饰副词fast的比较级)
4.both、either和neither
代词 用法
both 指“两者都”(全肯定)。作主语时,谓语动词用复数
either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数
neither 指“两者中没有一个”(全否定)。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数
5.all和none
all 指“三者或三者以上的人或事物”(全肯定)。作主语时,谓语动词通常与所修饰或指代的词保持一致
none 指“三者或三者以上的人或事物中没有一个”(全否定),相当于not any。作主语时,谓语动词通常与所修饰或指代的词保持一致
【注意】(1)no one用来指人,不能接of短语,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
(2)none不仅指人也可以指物,其后常跟of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。例如:
None of the information is correct.信息都不正确。
None of the students are/is afraid of difficulties.学生们都不怕困难。
6.each和every
each every
强调个体,指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个” ,用作限定词、代词,可单独使用 强调整体,指三个或三个以上的人或物中的“每一个”,不可单独使用
强调个体间的差异 强调总体中的共性,兼顾个别
后可加of短语 后不可加of短语
不可以与not连用 与not连用构成部分否定
7.the other、the others、other、others和another
代词 用法
the other 特指“(两者中的)另一个”,常见搭配有one...the other...“一个……另一个……”
the others 作代词,特指“(除去一部分后)其余的,别的”,相当于the rest
other 泛指“别的;其他的”,后面需接名词
others 作代词,泛指“(除去一部分后并非剩下的全部)另一些,别的”,常见搭配有some...others...“一些……另一些……”
续表
代词 用法
another 作代词时,泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个”;作形容词时,表示“又一个,再一个”,其后通常接可数名词单数。【注意】another+数词+可数名词复数=数词+more+可数名词复数。常见搭配:one another=each other“彼此;互相”
8.复合不定代词
指 人 somebody=someone(某人) anybody= anyone(任何人) nobody= no one(没有人) everybody=everyone(每个人)
指 物 something(某事/物) anything(任何事/物) nothing(没有东西/事情) Everything
(每件事/物)
用 法 通常用于肯定句中,也可用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中,表示希望肯定回答 通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句,但意为“任何”时,可用于肯定句中 本身是一个否定词,表示全否定 本身是一个肯定词,表示全肯定
【注意】(1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词的用法与some和any的用法基本相同。
(2)当形容词(含else)和动词不定式修饰复合不定代词时,修饰词需后置。例如:
There is something interesting in the book.这本书里有一些有趣的东西。
(3)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。例如:
Somebody is speaking outside the door.有人在门外说话。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编]—The math problem was difficult.Did you ask your teacher for help or search for it on the Internet
— .I worked it out by myself.
A.Either B.Neither
C.Both D.None
B
2.[2025·合肥包河区一模]Learning without thinking,____ changes in the brain.
A.everything B.something
C.anything D.nothing
3.[2025·福建改编]My parents love our hometown so much that of them have gone back to help build a new countryside.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
B
D
4.[原创题]—The high-tech farming machines helped farmers a lot.
—Yes, of the plants in this place suffered harm this year!
A.either B.none C.neither D.all
B
5.[2025·四川遂宁]—At Chengdu Research Base,the panda,Huahua,is very popular and people stand in a long line to see her.
—She is so lovely that could say no to her.
A.everybody B.anybody
C.somebody D.nobody
D
6.—Each of you has that you’re good at,and your friends have theirs.
—I agree.We should learn from each other.
A.everything B.nothing
C.something D.anything
C
二、用another、other、the other、others或the others填空,每词限用一次
There are two volunteer groups in our class.One is about environmental protection and 7. is about caring for the elderly.Last week,we went to the old people’s home.Some students played chess with the old,and 8. students taught the old to use the computer.
other
the other
Xiao Mei helped one grandma make a video call with her family—it made her so happy!Tom helped 9.__________ grandma search for some information online.After the activity,some of us left,but 10. stayed to clean up.We all believe helping 11. makes the world better!
others
the others
another
考点三
指示代词和疑问代词
1.指示代词
用于指代近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。
单数 复数 含义
this 这个 these这些 指较近的人或物
that 那个 those那些 指较远的人或物
【注意】(1)打电话时用this指代说话者,用that指代接听者。例如:
This is Mary speaking.Who’s that 我是玛丽。你是谁
考点 用法
one one泛指上文提及的同一类事物中的任意一个,相当于“a(n)+可数名词单数”。one既可指人,也可以指物
it it用来指特定的事物,即上文提到的同一事物。it既可指代单数可数名词,也可指代不可数名词,或前面提到的事件或情况
that that常用于比较级结构中,指代前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词(具有特指性质,相当于“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词”),以避免重复。that只能指物,不能指人
(2)辨析one、it和that
2.疑问代词
疑问代词 含义 基本用法
what 什么 对具体内容进行提问(询问事物、身份、职业等)
who 谁 询问人物、身份,可作主语、宾语和表语
续表
疑问代词 含义 基本用法
whom 谁 询问人物、身份,只作宾语
whose 谁的 询问所属关系
which 哪一个 对指定范围内的“哪一个”进行提问(询问特定的人或物)
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.[2025·合肥蜀山区二模]—The school library has added hundreds of new books this term.
—I borrowed last week.They are worth reading.
A.it B.one
C.some D.them
C
2.[2025·芜湖三模]—I need something to open the box.
—What about a knife I’ll get for you.
A.it B.that C.this D.one
3.—Do you know our English teacher is speaking to
—Yes,I do.He is talking with Lisa’s mother.
A.whose B.whom C.when D.what
B
D
4.—The weather in Binzhou is much colder than in Hainan in winter.
—It really is.
A.it B.those C.that D.them
5.— is this basketball
—Perhaps it’s our English teacher’s.He likes sports.
A.Whose B.Where
C.How D.Which
A
C
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.49
谢谢观看(共55张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十六 交际用语
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
交际用语 单项填空30 单项填空30 单项填空30 单项填空30 单项填空30
补全对话51~55 补全对话51~55 补全对话51~55 补全对话51~55 补全对话51~55
单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]—Well,this is my first show.I’ve given it all!
— We really enjoyed your dance.
A.Good try. B.Pardon me.
C.Great idea. D.It depends.
真题再现
A
2.[2024·安徽]—The National Museum of China is just five minutes’ walk away.We don’t have to take a taxi.
— We can go there on foot.
A.My pleasure. B.Take care.
C.That’s right! D.Good luck!
C
3.[2023·安徽]—What is the best way to see the beautiful countryside
— .When I don’t need to rush,I’d like to see it by bike.
A.No problem B.Forget it
C.Good luck D.It depends
D
4.[2022·安徽]—Cooking helps us show love for family members.
— .Every time I make dishes for Mom,she is very happy.
A.I can’t believe it
B.Take it easy
C.I couldn’t agree more
D.That depends
C
5.[2021·安徽]—What a fantastic song!It brings the good old days back to me.
— .I feel the same.
A.Help yourself B.Take it easy
C.No problem D.That’s true
D
本表梳理近10年安徽中考单项填空和补全对话选项中出现过的交际用语及其他常考交际用语。(为了使表格简明易读,只对“补全对话”进行标注)
考点梳理
序号 常考交际用语 用法
1 Good luck!(2024/2023/2019) Enjoy yourself. Have a good time/trip! 常用于祝愿某人在即将进行的事情上取得成功或顺利。例如:
—I will have an important match tomorrow.I hope I will win.我明天有一场重要的比赛。我希望我能赢。
—Good luck.祝你好运。
—Summer holiday is coming!I’m going to Dalian for vacation.暑假即将来临!我要去大连度假。
—Have a good trip.祝你旅途愉快。/Have a good time./Enjoy yourself.玩得开心!
续表
序号 常考交际用语 用法
2 No problem.(2023/2021/2018/2016补全对话) 1.表示同意别人的请求。例如:
—Could you post the letter for me 请帮我寄这封信好吗
—No problem.没问题。
2.回答别人的感谢或道歉。例如:
—Thank you very much.非常感谢你。
—No problem.没什么。
—Excuse me for smoking here.请原谅我在这儿抽烟了。
—No problem.没关系。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
3 My pleasure.(2024/2019/2016) 用于回答别人的感谢。例如:
—Thank you for helping me with my homework.谢谢你辅导我做作业。
—My pleasure.不用谢。
With pleasure. 表示同意别人的请求。例如:
—Jane,could you please help me solve these problems 简,你能帮我解决这些问题吗
—With pleasure,but still half are left for you to do by yourself.我很乐意,但还有一半留给你自己去做。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
4 It depends. (2025/2023) That depends. (2022/2018) 表示情况不确定,意为“看情况而定”。例如:
(2023·安徽)—What is the best way to see the beautiful countryside 游览这个美丽乡村的最佳方式是什么
—It depends.When I don’t need to rush,I’d like to see it by bike.看情况。当我不忙的时候,我愿意骑自行车游览。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
5 Take it easy.(2022/2021/2017) 1.用来劝告对方保持平静,不要慌张,意为“别慌;别紧张”。例如:
(2017·安徽)—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the game.恐怕我打不好这场比赛。
—Take it easy.It’s just for fun.别紧张。这仅仅是为了娱乐。
2.用来规劝对方要有耐心、不要操之过急,意为“别急;慢慢来”。例如:
—Dad,when shall we get off the bus 爸爸,我们什么时候下车
—Take it easy,dear.We’ll get to the cinema in ten minutes.别急,亲爱的。我们将在10分钟后到电影院。
3.还可用来提醒对方注意或小心。例如:
Take it easy.The road is icy.小心点。路上有冰。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
6 I couldn’t agree more.(2022) I agree.(2018) I think so.(2018) I’m with you.(2025补全对话) 表示赞同别人的看法或意见。例如:
(2025·安徽)—Speaking of soil,I think we might need to add some fertilizer.讲到土壤,我认为我们可能需要加一些肥料。
—Hmm,I’m with you.嗯,我赞同你的想法。
I don’t agree.(2020) I don’t think so. I disagree. 表示不赞同别人的看法或意见。例如:
—I think we should get a new car.我觉得我们得买一辆新车。
—I don’t agree.我不同意。
续表
序号 常考交际用语 用法
7 That’s right!(2024) That’s true.(2021/2016) You’re right.(2025补全对话) 表示赞同对方的看法或观点。例如:
(2024·安徽)—The National Museum of China is just five minutes’ walk away.We don’t have to take a taxi.中国国家博物馆离这里只有五分钟的步行路程。我们不需要乘坐出租车。
—That’s right!We can go there on foot.没错!我们可以步行去那里。
(2021·安徽)—What a fantastic song!It brings the good old days back to me.多好听的一首歌啊!它让我回想起过去的美好时光。
—That’s true.I feel the same.确实。我也有同感。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
7 That’s not true.(2019补全对话) 表示不赞同别人的看法或意见。例如:
—Fish can’t swim.鱼不会游泳。
—That’s not true.这不是真的。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
8 That’s all right.(2020/2019) It’s all right. 1.用于回答别人对你表示感激。例如:
—Thanks a lot.十分感谢。
—That’s all right.不客气。
2.作为道歉用语的答语。例如:
(2019·安徽)—Sorry,I took the wrong seat.对不起,我坐错了座位。
—That’s all right.I will take yours instead.没关系。那我坐你的座位。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
9 I’m afraid not.(2018/2016) I’m sorry,but... 用于礼貌拒绝别人,意为“恐怕不行”。例如:
—Would you like to play football after school 你想在放学后踢足球吗
—I’m afraid not.I have a lot of homework to do.恐怕不行。我有许多作业要做。
I’m afraid so. 用于委婉地肯定对方的说法,意为“恐怕如此”。例如:
—Is he ill 他生病了吗
—I’m afraid so.恐怕如此。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
10 What a pity!(2017) That’s such a pity. What a shame!(2016补全对话) 用于表示对某种情况、事件或结果的遗憾或惋惜之情。例如:
—I missed the last train.我错过了最后一班火车。
—What a pity!真可惜!
序号 常考交际用语 用法
11 I hope not.(2017/2016补全对话) 表示否定的希望。例如:
—Will it rain tomorrow 明天会下雨吗
—I hope not.希望不要。
I hope so. 表示肯定的希望。例如:
—The weather report says it will be sunny tomorrow.天气预报说明天是晴天。
—I hope so!I’ve been wanting to go for a hike.希望如此!我一直想去徒步。
续表
序号 常考交际用语 用法
12 Of course not. (2020) 表示不介意。例如:
(2020·安徽)—Would you mind handing me a pair of serving chopsticks 你介意递给我一双公筷吗
—Of course not.Here you are.当然不。给你。
Of course.(2017) 表示同意对方的请求。例如:
—May I sit here 我可以坐在这里吗
—Of course.当然可以。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
13 Yes,I’d love to.(2020/2017) 用来愉快地答应对方的请求、提议或邀请。例如:
—How about playing tennis 打网球怎么样
—Yes,I’d like to.好,我很愿意。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
14 Good try.(2025) Well done.(2019/2017补全对话) Good job. Nice work. Congratulations! 用于表扬或祝贺对方。例如:
(2025·安徽)—Well,this is my first show.I’ve given it all!嗯,这是我的第一次表演。我已经全力以赴了!
—Good try.We really enjoyed your dance.很好。我们真的很喜欢你的舞蹈。
(2019·安徽)—Mom,I’ve got the first prize in the speech competition.妈妈,我得了演讲比赛第一名。
—Well done,my boy!干得好,孩子!
序号 常考交际用语 用法
15 No way.(2019/2016) 通常用于拒绝邀请、提议或请求。例如:
—Billy,please clean the room.比利,请打扫一下那个房间吧。
—No way!It’s Tom’s turn.没门!轮到汤姆打扫了。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
16 Thank you.(2018/2017) You’re welcome.(2016) 用于表达感谢和回答感谢。例如:
—Thank you for teaching me to draw.谢谢你教会我画画。
—You’re welcome.不客气。
17 Sorry,you can’t.(2018/2017) 用于直接礼貌地拒绝别人的请求。例如:
—Could I put my bag here 我可以把包放在这儿吗
—Sorry,you can’t.对不起,你不可以。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
18 Good/Great idea.(2025) Sounds good.(2017) Sounds like fun.(2016补全对话) That’s great.(2017补全对话) 对对方提议的积极肯定回答。例如:
—Let’s have a party this Friday!周五我们举办派对吧!
—Sounds good.听起来不错。/Good idea.好主意。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
19 Take care.(2024) 通常用于告别时,表示对对方的关心和祝愿。例如:
—The airplane is going to take off.I have to go.飞机要起飞了。我得走了。
—Take care!I will miss you so much.保重!我会十分想念你的。
续表
序号 常考交际用语 用法
20 Forget it.(2023) 1.用于回答感谢,意为“不客气”,同类表达:Don’t mention it.。例如:
—Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮忙。
—Forget it.不客气。
2.用于回答道歉,意为“没关系”。例如:
—I’m sorry for what I said.我很抱歉说过那些话。
—Forget it.没关系。
3.表示不想提及某情况或某情况无关紧要,意为“算了吧”。例如:
—How much do I owe you 我欠你多少钱
—Forget it.算了吧。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
21 I can’t believe it.(2022) 表示对某件事情的极度惊讶、难以置信或出乎意料。 例如:
—He quit his job.他辞职了。
—I can’t believe it.我不敢相信。
22 Help yourself.(2021) 一般用于就餐,意为“请自便;照顾好自己;别客气”。例如:
—Can I have a drink 我可以喝杯酒吗
—Help yourself.请自便。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
23 It’s hard to say.(2019) 表示对情况的不确定,意为“很难说;还不确定”。例如:
—I’m planning to go to Thailand this week.I think the trip will be exciting.我计划这周去泰国。我认为这次旅游将会令人很兴奋。
—It’s hard to say,as it’s the rainy season then.很难说,因为那时正是雨季。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
24 Better not.(2019) 用来警告或劝告某人不要做某事,相当于You’d better not,意为“最好不要”。例如:
—I can drive.I am not that tired.我可以开车。我没那么累。
—You’d better not.你最好不要开。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
25 Pardon me.(2025) Excuse me.(2019) 1.Excuse me用于有礼貌地询问某事或请求允许。例如:
Excuse me,what’s this in English 打扰了,请问这个用英语怎么说
2.Excuse me用于表示不同意或不赞成。例如:
Excuse me,but you are completely wrong.对不起,恐怕你完全错了。
3.Excuse me用于打断别人或中途离开,对自己不礼貌的行为道歉。例如:
Excuse me,I’ve got to answer the phone.不好意思,我得接一下电话。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
25 Pardon me.(2025) Excuse me.(2019) 4.Excuse me用于请别人让路,意为“劳驾;借过”。例如:
Excuse me,I’m getting off the bus.借过一下,我要下车了。
5.两者都可用于在没有听清对方说了什么的时候,就是让对方再讲一遍。例如:
Excuse/Pardon me,I didn’t catch that.抱歉,我刚才没听清。
续表
序号 常考交际用语 用法
26 Go ahead.(2018) 表示允许或同意。例如:
(2018·安徽)—May I use your computer,Mr.Black 布莱克先生,我可以用你的电脑吗
—Go ahead.I will use my iPad instead.行,用吧。我用iPad就行啦。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
27 See you later.(2016) See you. 用于告别,意为“再见;回头见”。例如:
—I have to go now.See you later.我得走了。再见。
—See you.再见。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
28 Pleased to meet you all.(2016) 用于打招呼,相当于“Nice to meet you.”。例如:
(2016·安徽)—Nice to meet you,Mr.Green.I’m Sandy and this is Brad,Ken and Emily.很高兴见到你,格林先生。我是桑迪,他们是布莱德、肯和艾米丽。
—Pleased to meet you all.很高兴见到你们。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
29 You have a point there.(2016) You got the point. 表示赞同对方的话与想法。例如:
—I don’t think we should bring too many snacks.It’s only a 3-hour car ride.我认为我们不应该带太多零食。只不过是三个小时的车程。
—Yeah,you have a point there.是的,你说得有道理。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
30 Me too.(2016补全对话) 表示共鸣和支持。例如:
—I think it’s going to rain today.我觉得今天会下雨。
—Me too.我也这么想。
31 Never mind. It doesn’t matter. It’s not a big deal. 用于回答别人的道歉。例如:
—I am sorry for mistaking your bag.很抱歉误拿了你的包。
—Never mind.没关系。
序号 常考交际用语 用法
32 Not at all. 1.用来回答感谢。例如:
—Thank you very much.多谢你了。
—Not at all.不客气。
2.用来回答道歉。例如:
—I’m sorry I’m late.对不起,我迟到了。
—Oh,not at all,do come in.噢,没关系,请进来。
3.用来表示否定(是No的加强说法)。例如:
—Are you tired 你累了吗
—Not at all.一点也不累。
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.[2025·四川广元]—The Art Festival was a success.It made our school life colorful.
— .And I’ve become more confident than before.
A.All right B.That’s a good idea
C.I agree with you D.Take it easy
C
2.[2025·江苏南京]—Could I borrow your dictionary,
please Mine is at home.
— .Here you are.
A.I’m sorry B.Of course not
C.No problem D.Thank you
C
3.—I don’t think students should be allowed to use AI to help them with their homework.
— .It depends on how they use it.
A.I hope so B.I do believe it
C.I’m not so sure D.I can’t agree more
C
4.[2025·天津]—Dad,they’re learning a dragon dance with Grandpa.Can I join them
— .Have fun!
A.Of course B.No way
C.Here you are D.Thanks a lot
A
5.[2025·江苏扬州]—Oh,dear!I have broken your glass.
— !I don’t like it anyway.
A.Never mind B.I can’t agree more
C.No way D.That’s not the case
A
6.[2025·四川遂宁]—Mom,I won first prize in the story telling competition.
— I’m proud of you.
A.Good job! B.What a pity!
C.My pleasure! D.Take care!
A
7.[2025·池州二模]—Making a meal sometimes is quite difficult,but it can improve our living skills.
— .The more we practice,the better we will be.
A.You’re kidding me
B.You got the point
C.You can’t be so serious
D.You have my word
B
8.—It’s so kind of you to give me a lift.
— .Any gentleman would do the same.
A.It depends B.That’s right
C.No way D.Don’t mention it
9.—Let’s go for a picnic on Saturday,James.
— I have to do my homework at home.
A.What a pity! B.Don’t worry.
C.Best wishes. D.How come
A
D
10.[2025·亳州三模]—Can I talk to David,please
— .Let me check if he is free now.
A.Not at all B.Of course not
C.Hold on,please D.Here you are
C
11.[2025·合肥庐江县二模]—It’s Teachers’ Day.Shall we go to our primary school to visit our teachers
— .I’m sure they’ll be glad to see us.
A.Good luck B.Not at all
C.My treat D.Nice idea
D
12.[2025·安庆三模]—How about going hiking this weekend
—
A.Good luck! B.Have fun!
C.Sounds great! D.I’m sorry to hear that.
C
13.—Excuse me,could you help me carry the heavy box
— .
A.Go ahead B.My pleasure
C.Nice idea D.With pleasure
D
14.—I want to go swimming in the river.
— It’s so dangerous!
A.No problem B.Why not
C.You’re kidding! D.With pleasure.
C
15.—How was your school trip going last week
— .We watched an animal show and played games with some foreigners.All in all,we had a good time.
A.Not bad B.Thank you
C.Bad luck D.No way
A
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.67
谢谢观看(共38张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十五 复合句
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
并列复合句 — — — — —
主从复合句 宾语从句 单项填空29 单项填空25 — — 单项填空28
状语从句 单项填空28 单项填空28 单项填空28 单项填空28 —
定语从句 — — — — —
真题再现
1.[2025·安徽]—Mom,could you tell me we need to visit my grandparents every week
—They will be happy to see us.
A.what B.why C.where D.how
(状语从句部分真题见语法三)
B
2.[2024·安徽]—Could you tell us we can start a conversation with a foreigner
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A.how B.whether C.why D.when
3.[2021·安徽]—I’m not sure my suggestion is helpful to you.
—It certainly is.Every little bit helps.
A.why B.how C.whether D.where
C
A
考点梳理
考点一
并列复合句
并列复合句是由并列连词(and、but、or、for、so、while等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
关系 连词
并列关系 and(和;以及)、not only...but (also)...(不仅……而且……)等
转折关系 but(但是)、yet(然而)、while(而)等
选择关系 or(或者;否则)、either...or...(或者……或者……)、neither...nor...(既不……也不……)等
因果关系 so(因此)、for(因为)
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编]“I love you”—three warm words.They’re hard to say mean so much.
A.but B.or C.and D.for
2.[2025·天津]It’s raining outside.Take an umbrella,_____ you will get wet.
A.and B.or C.so D.but
B
A
3.Read the book Cute Pets, you will know how to take care of your cat.
A.or B.so C.and D.but
4.The earth is ours, we’re supposed to love it and protect it well.
A.but B.or C.so D.for
C
C
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
5.太亮或太暗的光对我们的视力都有很大的伤害。
too bright light too dark light does great harm to our eyesight.
or
Either
考点二
宾语从句
在复合句中,充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句三要素:连接词(引导词)、语序和时态。
连 接 词 that无意义,在口语或非正式文本中可以省略 I am sure (that) he will succeed.我确信他会成功。
if/whether意为“是否”,二者通常可以互换 Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
连 接 词 连接代词(what/which/who/whose/whom/whatever等) Do you know who they are waiting for 你知道他们在等谁吗
连接副词(why/how/when/where等) Could you tell me how I can get there 你能告诉我怎样才能到达那里吗
语 序 从句一律用“连接词+陈述句语序(主语+谓语)” 【注意】当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,所以当该句用作宾语时,语序不需要调整 时 态 主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应时态 He says he will come back.他说他会回来。
主句是过去时,从句使用相应的某种过去时态 He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday. 他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。
从句表示客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象等时,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时 Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。
【注意】
(1)下列情况,只用whether作引导词。
①与不定式连用,只能用whether,不能用if。例如:
I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.我不知道是该接受还是该拒绝。
②在介词后作宾语,只能用whether,不能用if。例如:
I am not interested in whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢那项计划。
③在及物动词discuss后的宾语从句中,只能用whether,不能用if。例如:
They discussed whether they could finish the work in three days.他们讨论了三天内他们是否能完工。
④当whether与or not连用时,只能用whether,不能用if。例如:
I don’t know whether or not they will come for our help.我不知道他们是否会来寻求我们的帮助。
(2)当主句主语为第一人称,时态是一般现在时,谓语动词是think、believe、suppose、imagine、guess等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中。例如:
I don’t think the book is worth buying.我认为这本书不值得买。
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.—I am worried I can enter a good high school or not.
—Work hard and trust in yourself.
A.why B.what
C.whether D.where
C
2.[2025·北京改编]—Linda,do you know we are going for the school trip this term
—Yes.We are going to the Capital Museum.
A.where B.how C.when D.why
3.[2025·江苏南京]The teacher told us we should help each other in and out of class.
A.if B.that C.whether D.what
B
A
4.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]—What did Peter say to you just now,Kate
—He asked me .
A.if I have read the book Little Women
B.whether will I believe in him
C.if I joined the music club
D.whether could I play chess
C
考点三
状语从句(详见语法三)
状语从句指的是在复合句中作状语的从句,修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
1.引导词
类别 引导词
时间状语从句 when/while/as、since、until/till、by the time、as soon as、before、after
条件状语从句 if、unless、as long as
类别 引导词
让步状语从句 although/though、even if/even though、whoever/whatever/whenever...、no
matter who/what/when...
原因状语从句 because、since、as
目的状语从句 so that/in order that
结果状语从句 so that、so/such...that...
比较状语从句 than、as...as...、not so/as...as...
方式状语从句 as
地点状语从句 where
2.主句与从句时态一致的问题
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句使用一般将来时,或者是祈使句,或者含有情态动词,那么状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来,这一用法称为“主将从现”原则。例如:
He will write to me as soon as he gets to America.他一到美国就会给我写信。
Be careful when you cross the road.当你过马路时要小心。
【注意】
because与so,although/though与but不能在一个句子中同时使用,二者只能保留其一。例如:
因为我取得了好成绩,所以我妈妈很高兴。
(×)Because I got a good mark, so my mother was happy.
(√)I got a good mark, so my mother was happy.
(√)My mother was happy because I got a good mark.
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·吉林长春]My cousin can cook many dishes,_____ he is only 10 years old.
A.because B.so
C.until D.although
D
2.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]Nowadays more and more people take exercise every day they can have healthier bodies.
A.such that B.even if
C.so that D.as soon as
C
二、同义句转换,每空一词
3.He realized what had happened after the earthquake stopped.
He realize what had happened___________ the earthquake stopped.
until/till
didn’t
4.Half of the people were late for work because the snow is heavy.
Half of the people were late for work ___________ _____ the heavy snow.
because of
考点四
定语从句
在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
1.关系代词的基本用法
指代对象 作用 作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose
指物 which/that which/that/省略 whose
例如:
Do you know the girl who/that has won the first prize in the singing competition 你认识歌唱比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩吗
【注意】关系代词that和which的用法区别
(1)当先行词是不定代词all、much等,或者被这些词修饰时,只能用that引导定语从句。例如:
I’ve read all the books that my mother bought for me.我已经读完了妈妈给我买的所有的书。
(2)当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that引导定语从句。例如:
This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最令人兴奋的电影。
(3)当先行词被the only、the last、the same、the very等词修饰时,只能用that引导定语从句。例如:
This is the only book that was written by him.这是唯一一本由他写的书。
(4)当先行词既指人又指物时,只能用that引导定语从句。例如:
They are talking about the school and the teachers that they visited yesterday.他们正在讨论他们昨天参观的学校和拜访的老师们。
(5)当关系代词前有介词时,只能用which引导定语从句。例如:
This is the house of which the windows face south.这是窗户朝南的房子。
(6)当先行词是that、those时,只能用which引导定语从句。例如:
What’s that which was put in the car 放在汽车里的那个东西是什么
2.关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 先行词 充当成分
when day、year、time... 时间状语
where the place、the city... 地点状语
why the reason 原因状语
例如:
Tom got married in 2000 when he was 24.2000年汤姆结婚了,当时他24岁。
This is the village where I was born.这是我出生的村庄。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]—Did you watch the most exciting dance was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake
—Yes,it was amazing.
A.which B.that C.who D.when
B
2.[2025·四川成都改编]It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers have spent the past three years with us.
A.which B.who
C.what D.why
B
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
3.手机是让人们生活更便捷的工具。
Mobile phones are the tools _____________ _________ people’s lives easier.
4.未来属于那些坚持梦想的人。
The future belongs to those to their dreams.
who stick
which/that make
5.艺术是一门帮助人们理解彼此文化的语言。
Art is a language people understand each other’s cultures.
that/which helps
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.66
谢谢观看(共29张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十二 构词法
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查构词法)
考点梳理
考点一
合成法
类型 构成方式 举例
复合 名词 名词+名词 bedroom卧室
newspaper报纸
形容词+名词 blackboard黑板
grandfather (外)祖父
动词+名词 playground操场
名词+动名词 handwriting书法
story-telling讲故事
类型 构成方式 举例
复合 形容词 名词+形容词 worldwide全世界的
homesick想家的
数词+名词 second-hand二手的
数词+名词+形容词 15-year-old 15岁的
名词+动词的过去分词 man-made人造的
类型 构成方式 举例
复合 动词 副词+动词 overcome克服
oversleep睡过头
名词+动词 sleepwalk梦游
复合 副词 副词+名词 upstairs在楼上
outdoors在室外
复合 代词 不定代词+名词 anything任何事物
everybody每个人
【效果评估】
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.他的哥哥是一个18岁的男孩。他很帅气。
His brother is boy.He is very handsome.
2.特里·福克斯是一位很受欢迎而且学习努力的学生。
Terry Fox is a and ____________________ student.
hard-working
popular
an 18-year-old
考点二
派生法
1.常见前缀
(1)表示否定
前缀 意义 举例
un- 不;非 unlucky不幸的 unusual不同寻常的
im- impossible不可能的 impolite不礼貌的 impatient没有耐心的
in- incorrect不正确的 informal非正式的 independent独立的
前缀 意义 举例
ir- 不;非 irregular不规则的 irresponsible不负责任的
il- illegal非法的
non- non-stop不停的;直达的
non-smoker不吸烟者
dis- 相反 disappear消失 dislike不喜欢
mis- 错误 misunderstand误解
(2)表示程度或大小
前缀 意义 举例
super- 超级 superpower超级大国
superman超人
mini- 小的; 短的 minibus小型公共汽车
miniskirt 超短裙
(3)其他前缀
前缀 意义 举例
a- 处于……状态或过程中 asleep睡着的 awake醒着的
anti- 反对 antiwar反战争的
auto- 自动的 automobile汽车
en- 使…… enlarge使变大 enrich使富有
fore- 在……之前 foretell预言
续表
前缀 意义 举例
inter- 之间的 international国际的
kilo- 千 kilometer千米 kilogram千克
mid- 在中间 midnight半夜
pre- 在……之前 preview预演
re- 重新;再次 retell复述 review复习 rewrite重写 rebuild重建
tele- 远程的 telephone电话
vice- 副的 vice-president副总统
2.常见后缀
(1)名词后缀
后缀 意义 举例
-er 从事某种 职业的人 player运动员 teacher教师
-or actor演员 director导演
-ess 指女性 actress女演员
hostess女主人
-ese 指民族、语言 Chinese中国人;汉语
Japanese日本人;日语
后缀 意义 举例
-ian 指人 Australian澳大利亚人
Italian意大利人
-ist artist艺术家
pianist钢琴家
-ment ……的行为(或结果) movement运动
agreement同意
后缀 意义 举例
-ion 状态、行为、机构等 action行动
invention发明
pollution污染
-ation invitation邀请
expectation期望
organization 组织
-ship 情况、状态等 friendship友谊
leadership领导
relationship关系
后缀 意义 举例
-hood 状态、性质等 childhood童年;幼年
neighborhood附近;街区
-ing 活动、状态 feeling感觉
meeting会议
续表
后缀 意义 举例
-ness 状态、特点等 happiness幸福
illness疾病
-ance 性质、状况等 performance表演
appearance出现
-dom 领域、状况等 freedom自由
wisdom智慧
-al 过程、状态等 arrival 到达
(2)形容词后缀
后缀 意义 举例
-ful 充满……的 useful有用的 careful仔细的 helpful有帮助的
-less 没有;无 careless粗心的
meaningless无意义的
-ly 具有……性质;每隔……时间 lovely可爱的
monthly每月的
后缀 意义 举例
-y 有……特性的 healthy健康的 noisy吵闹的
rainy多雨的 lucky幸运的
thirsty渴的 sleepy困倦的
-ish 稍有……的; 有……性质的 foolish愚蠢的
childish孩子气的
-able 能……的;具有……性质的 comfortable舒适的
enjoyable愉快的
changeable易变的
-ible terrible糟糕的
后缀 意义 举例
-ed 状况、心情等 interested感兴趣的
excited感到兴奋的
surprised感到惊讶的
-ing 描述事物 interesting有趣的
exciting令人兴奋的
moving动人的
-al 与……有关的 natural自然的 personal个人的 musical音乐的
续表
后缀 意义 举例
-ic ……的 electric电的
scientific科学的
-ical medical医学的
historical历史的
-en 表示材料 wooden木制的
golden金质的
-ern 表示方位 eastern东方的
southern南方的
后缀 意义 举例
-ous 表示特点 famous著名的
dangerous危险的
-ive active积极的
expensive昂贵的
(3)副词后缀
后缀 意义 举例
-ly 以……方式 happily高兴地
quickly迅速地
freely自由地
politely有礼貌地
-ward(s) 表示方向 northward(s)向北
downward(s)向下
forward(s)向前
【效果评估】
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
Our earth is full of 1. (amaze) things,
like mountains,forests and animals.So we must look after it and think of 2. (help) ways to help it.
helpful
amazing
First,it’s our daily duty to reduce, 3. (use) and recycle,for example,going to school on foot or by bike.Then,we can share 4.________________ (environment) knowledge with the people around us and encourage them to take 5. (act).Let’s start from now on.
action
environmental
reuse
考点三
转化法
词性转化 举例
名词→动词 water n.水→v.浇水
show n.演出;节目→v.给……看;展示
hand n.手→v.传递
color n.颜色→v.染色
book n.书→v.预订
词性转化 举例
动词→名词 walk v.散步;走→n.散步
look v.看→n.看;表情
stop v.停止→n.车站
talk v.谈论→n.谈话
形容词→名词 daily adj.日常的→n.日报
final adj.最后(终)的→n.决赛
形容词→动词 slow adj.慢的→v.放慢
free adj.空闲的→v.释放
clean adj.干净的→v.清扫
dry adj.干燥的→v.把……弄干
副词→动词 down adv.向下→v.打倒;击倒
【效果评估】
单词拼写
1.My grandfather often gets up early and (浇水) vegetables in his garden.
2.I have (预订) a double room for you and I hope you’ll have a nice time.
3.The wind (使变干) the clothes.It is helpful for people.
dries
booked
waters
4.You must (放慢速度) down,or you’ll fall over.
5.Don’t judge a book by its (封面).
cover
slow
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.63
谢谢观看(共48张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法六 介词和介词短语
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
介词 — — 单项填空26 — 单项填空24
介词短语 单项填空26 — — 单项填空29 单项填空29
单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]We can do a lot to develop writing skills.
,keep a diary.
A.After all B.For example
C.As a result D.In a word
真题再现
B
2.[2023·安徽]Do whatever you can for the community,
looking after the old or teaching kids art.
A.with B.under C.like D.over
3.[2022·安徽]—Hey,Tom,you are making noise.You should be polite .
—Sorry,Mum.I’ve got it.
A.at most B.in public
C.on time D.by chance
B
C
4.[2021·安徽]Our country has made great progress in the fight blue skies and clear waters.
A.in B.for C.against D.between
5.[2021·安徽]—Your village is really beautiful!
—Thank you. ,all the villages here have taken on a new look.
A.For example B.In fact
C.First of all D.As a result
B
B
考点梳理
考点一
常见时间介词辨析
1.in、on和at
介词 用法 举例
in 表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、季、月等,或泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上 in 2022在2022年
in January在1月
in spring在春季
in the morning在上午
介词 用法 举例
on 表示在星期几、具体的某一天或特指某天的上午、下午或晚上等 on Monday在星期一
on National Day在国庆节(那天)
on a cold morning在一个寒冷的早晨
续表
介词 用法 举例
at 表示在某一时刻或某一时间点,如小时、分钟等,还可以表示“在……期间” at night在晚上
at six在6时
at breakfast/lunch/dinner 在吃早/中/晚饭时
2.in、after和before
介词 用法 例句
in “in+一段时间”在将来时中表示“一段时间之后”,在其他时态中表示“在一段时间内” The doctor will come in six minutes.医生会在六分钟之后来。
续表
介词 用法 例句
after “after+一段时间”表示“(过去的)一段时间以后”,常和过去时连用;“after+时间点”表示“(将来的)某一时刻以后” He received her letter after four weeks.四周后他收到了她的信。
I’ll go and see her after three o’clock.3点钟以后我会去见她。
before 后接具体的时间,表示“在……之前” You should finish your homework before four o’clock.你应该在4点钟之前完成家庭作业。
3.by和until/till
介词 用法 例句
by 表示最迟在某一时刻或某一日期之前 By the time I came to the party,it was all over.我来到派对时,一切都结束了。
until/ till 用在肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”,主句谓语动词用延续性动词;用在否定句中,意为“直到……才”,主句谓语动词用非延续性动词 I worked until late at night.我工作到深夜。
She didn’t get up until her mother came in.直到她的妈妈进来,她才起床。
4.其他常见时间介词
介词 用法 例句
since “since+具体时间点”意为“自从……以来”,常和完成时连用 Uncle Lee has worked in this factory since 1970.李叔叔自1970年起就在这家工厂工作了。
for “for+一段时间”意为“有……之久”,常和完成时连用 She has waited at the gate for over three hours.她已经在大门口等了3个多小时。
续表
介词 用法 例句
from 意为“从……起”,常用搭配:from...to...“从……到……” He was studying French from 2 p.m.to 5 p.m.他从下午2点到5点一直在学习法语。
during 后接时间段,意为“在……期间” During his stay in Paris,he lived with his friends.在他待在巴黎期间,他和朋友们住在一起。
through 意为“从头到尾”,强调动作发生的全过程 We worked through the night.我们通宵工作。
考点二
常见方位介词辨析
1.at、in、on和to
介词 用法 举例
at 表示“在(小地方)”或“在……附近/旁边” (如图: ) at the door在门口
at the airport在机场
at the station在车站
at Park Street在公园街
at the desk在书桌旁
介词 用法 举例
in 表示“在(大地方)”或“在……范围之内” (如图: ) in China在中国
in the north在北方
表示A地属于B地 (如图: ) Hainan Province lies in the south of China.海南省位于中国的南方。(海南省是中国的一部分)
续表
介词 用法 举例
on 表示A地不属于B地,但A、B两地接壤 (如图: ) Hunan Province lies on the west of Jiangxi Province.湖南省在江西省西边。(湖南省和江西省接壤)
to 表示“到……” This road leads to London.这条路通向伦敦。
表示“在……范围之外”,即A、B两地不接壤 (如图: ) Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国东边。(日本在中国的范围之外,且和中国不接壤)
【注意】at还有其他常见用法:
(1)表示“在……方面”。例如:
She is good at English.她擅长英语。
(2)用在年龄前,表示“在……岁时”。例如:
At the age of 4,he began to play the piano.他4岁时便开始弹钢琴了。
(3)用在具体的价格或速度前。例如:
The coat is on sale at (the price of) 100 yuan.这件上衣以100元的价格出售。
The train runs at (the speed of) 150 kilometers an hour.火车以每小时150千米的速度行驶。
2.on、above、below、over和under
介词 用法 例句
on 表示“在……上面”,与物体表面接触 (如图: ) He puts his watch on the desk.他把手表放在书桌上。
above 表示“在……上方”,不强调是否垂直,且不与表面接触,同below相对 (如图: ) The bird is flying above my head.鸟儿从我头顶飞过。
续表
介词 用法 例句
below 表示非垂直且不与表面接触的下方 (如图: ) There is a lake below the mountain.山下有一个湖。
介词 用法 例句
over 表示“在……(垂直的)正上方”,与物体表面不直接接触,同under相对 (如图: ) There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。
under 表示垂直且不与表面接触的正下方 (如图: ) I want to have a rest under the tree.我想在树下休息一会儿。
3.through、across、over和past
介词 用法 例句
through 表示从物体内部穿过,如管道、门窗、人群、树林等 The visitors went through a big gate into another park.游客们穿过一扇大门来到另一个公园。
across 表示从物体表面穿过,如街道、河流等 He walked across the street.他穿过街道。
介词 用法 例句
over 表示从物体上方越过,如墙、山等 They climbed over the mountain and arrived there ahead of time.他们翻过大山,提前到达了那里。
past 意为“经过”,表示从旁边经过 They went past the supermarket yesterday.他们昨天从超市旁边经过了。
4.between和among
介词 用法 例句
between 通常表示“两者之间”,常用搭配between...and...意为“在……和……之间” Ann is standing between Tom and Bill.安站在汤姆和比尔之间。
among 表示“在三者或三者以上之间” They walked among the crowds in Peace Square.他们在熙熙攘攘的和平广场散步。
5.其他常见方位介词
介词 用法 例句
behind 表示“在……后面” Tom sits behind Mary.汤姆坐在玛丽后面。
beside 表示“在……旁边” There is a tree beside the house.房子旁边有一棵树。
against 表示“紧靠;倚” Place the ladder against the wall.把梯子靠墙放。
介词 用法 例句
along 表示“顺着;沿着” Walk along the road,and you will see a bank on the left.沿着这条路往前走,你会在左手边看到一家银行。
around 表示“四周;在……周围” Would you like to walk around the factory this afternoon 你想今天下午到工厂的周围走走吗
考点三
常见方式介词辨析
介词 用法 举例
by 表示“用……方式、工具或手段” The house is heated by gas.这房子是天然气供暖的。
后可接表示交通工具的名词,该名词用单数形式且前面不加冠词或任何修饰成分 by sea乘船
by air乘飞机
by bus/train/car/taxi乘公交车/火车/汽车/出租车
介词 用法 举例
in 后接表示某种材料、语言、文字或声音的名词,表示“用……”。名词前不用冠词或修饰语 Please write that article in English.请用英语写那篇文章。
She wrote her homework in ink.她用墨水写家庭作业。
后接表示交通工具的名词,该名词前应有冠词、物主代词或指示代词等修饰语 in the car/taxi乘汽车/出租车
Mr.Green goes to work in his car.格林先生开车去上班。
介词 用法 举例
on 表示“以……方式”,后接手段、通信方式等 You’re wanted on the phone.有人打电话找你。
后接表示交通工具的名词,该名词前应有冠词、物主代词或指示代词等修饰语,有时用于某些固定搭配中。注意:表示骑马、骑自行车等时,应用介词on on the plane/bus/coach/train乘飞机/公交车/长途汽车/火车
on a bike/boat/horse骑自行车/乘船/骑马
on foot步行
with 后接某种具体的工具或手段 Cut it with a knife.用刀把它切开。
【注意】(1)with表示方式时,其后的名词前要使用冠词。
(2)in的其他常见用法:
①表示所处境况、情绪、状态等。例如:in trouble“陷入困境”;in danger“处于危险中”;in surprise“惊讶地”;in good health“身体健康”。
②表示涉及的对象或内容,意为“关于……;在……方面”。例如:I’m poor in math.我的数学不好。
(3)on的其他常见用法:
①表示一种活动或状态。例如:on business“出差”;on holiday“度假”;on duty“值日”;on show=on display“陈列;展览”。
②表示“依靠;依赖”。例如:He travels the world on the money his aunt gave him.他靠他姑妈给的钱周游世界。
考点四
其他常见易混介词辨析
1.as和like
介词 用法 例句
as 表示“像;如同” They were all dressed up as clowns.他们都打扮成小丑。
表示“作为……”,后接职业、职务、作用等 Let me speak to you as a father.我以父亲的身份和你讲话。(说话者是听话者的父亲)
介词 用法 例句
like 表示“像……一样”(实际上不是),多指在某些方面相像 Let me speak to you like a father.让我像一位父亲一样和你讲话。(说话者不是听话者的父亲)
2.with和without
介词 用法 例句
with 表示伴随,意为“随着;和……一起” The risk of illnesses increases with age.患病的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。
I’m sure you’ll be safe with us.我确定你和我们在一起是安全的。
without 意为“没有”,和with意思相反 He went out without his umbrella.他外出没有带伞。
3.except、except for和but
介词 用法 例句
except 意为“除……之外”,指从整体中排除except后所接的人或事物,通常不能置于句首 Everyone went to the Palace Museum except Tom.除了汤姆,大家都去了故宫博物院。
except for 意为“除……之外”,表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,起部分修正作用 He is a good man except for the hot temper.他是个好人,除了脾气暴躁。
介词 用法 例句
but 意为“除了,除……之外”,侧重指意义的几乎完整性 Everyone was there but him.除了他之外,大家都在。
注:介词短语详见《课标词汇背记册》p.52。
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.—Have you met with any problems when living in France
—Yes.It is how to behave at the dinner table.At first,I didn’t know that I couldn’t eat anything with my hands
bread,not even fruit.
A.for B.except C.over D.across
B
2.[2025·四川成都改编]Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong February 19th,2025.
A.in B.on
C.at D.by
3.[2025·江苏扬州]The best things life are free,like hugs,smiles,love and good memories.
A.on B.at
C.by D.in
D
B
4.[2025·四川乐山改编]In this new school,there is a beautiful garden standing the lab and the teaching building.
A.during B.among C.between D.without
5.[2025·池州二模]The astronaut Wang Haoze got the chance to go into space her hard training.
A.past B.across C.through D.towards
C
C
6.[2025·合肥蜀山区二模]Silk Road traders traveled_____ deserts and mountains to connect Eastern and Western cultures.
A.across B.above C.around D.past
7.[原创题]Don’t be afraid of failure.Remember that kites rise highest the wind,not with it.
A.along B.above C.across D.against
D
A
8.—The decision wasn’t made . I have thought about it for long.
—Well. It’s wise of you to think twice before acting.
A.at last B.in public
C.by accident D.on time
C
9.[2025·福建改编]Sue looked at her son .She couldn’t believe that he won the game.
A.in surprise B.by mistake
C.on purpose D.as usual
A
10.[2025·湖北武汉]—Excuse me,can you post my new ID card to me
—Sure.You’d better sign when you receive it.
A.at present B.in order
C.at work D.in person
D
11.[2025·合肥四十二中二模]It is amazing that______ AI,the people in our textbooks are all alive.
A.in the form of B.with the help of
C.with the purpose of D.in return for
12.[2025·江苏南京]Students should learn to share happiness their friends and family.
A.for B.with C.in D.from
B
B
13.[2025·合肥蜀山区三模] Jennifer knew that,whatever she decided,her family was right her.
A.against B.like C.behind D.from
14.[2025·淮北一模]You should keep a balanced diet and exercise regularly, eating more fruits and vegetables.
A.like B.with C.under D.over
A
C
15.[2025·合肥包河区三模]—How do you practice English now
—An AI app corrects my pronunciation games!
A.into B.except
C.without D.through
D
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.54
谢谢观看(共34张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法一 名词
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
名词辨析 单项填空21,完形填空41、42、44、46、48,单词拼写76、78 单项填空21,完形填空32、36、40、41、44、45、47、48,单词拼写77、78、79 单项填空21,完形填空31、33、39、43、46、47,单词拼写77 单项填空 24,完形填空31、34、35、39、40、42、45、49、50,单词拼写80 单项填空 25,完形填空38、39、45、47、48、49,单词拼写76、78、80
名词的数 — — 单词拼写79 — —
名词所有格 — — — — —
一、单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]David left the school pop group.Then I took over his as lead singer.
A.farm B.form C.role D.sale
真题再现
C
2.[2024·安徽]—Art serves as a between different nations.
—Yes.It really helps cross-cultural communication.
A.river B.wall C.palace D.bridge
3.[2023·安徽]The proper of your spare time will make your life colorful.
A.date B.use C.name D.cause
B
D
4.[2022·安徽]—I do morning exercises every day.It works my whole body.
—It’s a good habit.It helps you keep in good .
A.time B.touch C.health D.silence
5.[2021·安徽]—Have you ever heard “A thousand-mile journey begins with the first ”
—Yes.It’s a famous Chinese saying by Laozi.
A.class B.step C.break D.exam
B
C
二、单词拼写
6.[2025·安徽]Qi Qi has always loved science since she was a little (小孩).
7.[2025·安徽]The foreign students sang a Chinese ______ (歌曲) at the end of the party.
8.[2024·安徽]My teacher’s words in the last lesson filled my (心) with warmth.
heart
song
kid
9.[2024·安徽]Every (学期) is a new beginning for all the students and teachers.
10.[2024·安徽]Jo had her first (品尝) of Anhui cuisine(Huicai) during her travel in Huangshan.
11.[2023·安徽]I’ve got into the (习惯) of reading Tang poems every morning.
12.[2023·安徽]Foreign (客人) will surely enjoy their stay in China during the 19th Asian Games.
guests
habit
taste
term
13.[2022·安徽]May the whole world be full of (和平),love,and happiness.
14.[2021·安徽]Our success lies in working together as a
(团队).
15.[2021·安徽]Everyone can be a (英雄) in realizing the Chinese Dream.
16.[2021·安徽]With the development of technology,
(太空) travel will be a common thing.
space
hero
team
peace
考点梳理
考点一
名词分类及辨析
一般来说,名词根据其意义,可以分为普通名词和专有名词。
类别 定义 举例
普 通 名 词 可数 名词 个体名词 表示个别人或事物的名词 desk,season,doctor
集体名词 表示若干人或事物的名词,是不可分割的整体 class,police,family
类别 定义 举例
普 通 名 词 不可数 名词 物质名词 表示无法分割成个体的物质或材料的名词 water,rice,tea
抽象名词 表示某种品质、感情、状态、行为等抽象意义的名词 health,love,
happiness
专有名词 通常包括人名、地名、称呼、组织、机构等的专有名称 April,Sunday,China
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·合肥高新区二模]—Your spoken English is very good.What is your
—More practice.
A.spirit B.secret
C.situation D.service
B
2.[2025·蚌埠一模]—It’s surprising that the boy did better with your encouragement.
—Correction does much,but does more.
A.choice B.decision
C.reason D.praise
D
3.[2025·安庆二模]Tom,good days give you happiness,and bad days give you .You can learn something from them.
A.friendship B.education
C.knowledge D.experience
D
4.—Do you know many foreign students are learning Chinese
—Yes,the progress they have made helps them get a sense of and become more interested in Chinese culture.
A.humor B.achievement
C.duty D.direction
B
5.If you want to become fit,my is to try a sport and stick to it.
A.goal B.habit C.advice D.excuse
C
二、单词拼写
6.[2025·合肥新站区二模]The ice-cream shop offered a special (款待) for kids on weekends.
7.The children’s laughter filled the park with (快乐) during the spring outing.
8.[2025·亳州三模]Every (季节) brings its own beauty and special moments that fill our hearts with happiness.
season
joy
treat
考点二
名词的数
一、可数名词
可数名词指能以数目计算,可以分为独立个体的人或事物。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词的复数形式的规则变化如下:
类别 构成方法 举例
一般情况 词尾加-s book→books
类别 构成方法 举例
以-s、-x、-sh、-ch结尾的名词 词尾加-es bus→buses fox→foxes brush→brushes watch→watches
以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的名词 先变y 为i,再加-es city→cities baby→babies
以“元音字母+-y”结尾的名词 词尾加-s toy→toys monkey→monkeys
【注意】少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,如man→men、woman→women、child→children、sheep→sheep等。
类别 构成方法 举例
以-o结尾的有生命的名词 词尾加-es tomato→tomatoes hero→heroes
以-o结尾的无生命的名词 词尾加-s radio→radios photo→photos
二、不可数名词
不可数名词指不能以数目来计算,不可以分为个体的事物,通常指物质、材料或抽象概念等。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,其前不能用不定冠词a/an修饰。
情况 构成方式 举例
具体的量 不定冠词/基数词+表数量单位的名词+of+不可数名词 a piece of paper一张纸
three kilos of rice 三千克大米
大概的量 表示量的限定词(some、much、little、a little、a lot of等)+不可数名词 some water一些水
a lot of money许多钱
1.不可数名词的量化
2.有些名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同
不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 可数名词
chicken鸡肉 chickens小鸡 orange橙汁 oranges橙子
experience经验 experiences经历 wood木头 woods树林
room空间 rooms房间 exercise锻炼 exercises练习
glass玻璃 glasses眼镜 work工作 works作品
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·甘肃白银]Qian Xuesen,the father of China’s space program,is one of the greatest in the world.
A.farmers B.astronauts
C.directors D.scientists
D
2.John Smith often looks through the news about ______ to know what’s on in the cinema.
A.films B.music C.books D.weather
3.[2025·淮北三模]Michael has finished his studies at medical school.With his excellent of medicine,he wants to be a good doctor.
A.taste B.habit
C.knowledge D.smell
C
A
4.[2025·芜湖三模]—What’s your secret of writing so well
—I read a lot,and the Chinese classical works have a great on me.
A.achievement B.influence
C.situation D.condition
5.[2025·滁州三模]Keep swimming,and you will be in good and look slim.
A.interest B.shape C.height D.style
B
B
二、单词拼写
6.Writing is one of my (爱好) and I’ve kept writing for over ten years.
7.[2025·阜阳二模]These wonderful artworks are made of
(树叶).
8.[2025·四川乐山]People in Chengdu like chatting and drinking cups of green (茶) in the park.
tea
leaves
hobbies
考点三
名词所有格
类别 构成方法 举例
‘s所有格 单数名词 加-’s the boy’s book这个男孩的书
a day’s work一天的工作
复数名词 以字母-s结尾 加-’ the teachers’ office 老师们的办公室
不以字母-s结尾 加-’s the children’s homework 孩子们的作业
类别 构成方法 举例
‘s所有格 并列名词 的所有格 表示共同拥有 只在最后一个 名词后加-’s Tony and Jim’s father 托尼和吉姆的爸爸
表示各自拥有 在两个名词后 分别加-’s Mike’s and John’s desks 迈克的书桌和约翰的书桌
复合名词的所有格 在最后一个名词的词尾加-’s my sister-in-law’s mother 我嫂子的妈妈
具有名词性质的复合不定代词和else连用时的所有格 在else后面加-’s somebody else’s pencil 别人的铅笔
类别 构成方法 举例
of所有格 表示无生命事物的名词的所有关系 用of表示 the door of the room 房门
a long story of a 50-year-old man 一个五十岁老人的漫长故事
名词的定语较长 时,也可表示有生命事物的名词的所有关系 双重所有格 of后加-’s所有格 a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友
of后加名词性物主代词 a book of mine 我的一本书
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.Nobody thought it was easy to finish so much work in .
A.two days’ time B.two-days time
C.two day’s time D.two days time
A
2.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编]They all think my eyes look bigger than .
A.my brother B.my brothers
C.my brother’s D.my brother’
3. fathers are firefighters.They were involved in fighting the mountain fires in Dali.
A.Tom and Bob’s B.Tom’s and Bob’s
C.Tom’s and Bob D.Tom and Bob
B
C
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
4.It is reported that 30 (minute) walk every day is healthy enough.
5.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区]Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a (person) birth.
person’s
minutes’
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.47
谢谢观看(共47张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十四 简单句和句子种类
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查简单句和句子种类)
考点梳理
考点一
简单句的基本句型
1.SV:主语+谓语
句中的谓语动词大多是不及物动词,其后不需要跟宾语。后面可以接状语来修饰动词或整个句子。例如:
The sun rises (slowly).太阳(缓缓)升起。
2.SVP:主语+系动词+表语
句中的谓语动词为系动词,作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语等。例如:
David is a teacher.戴维是一名老师。
She looks smart.她看起来很聪明。
3.SVO:主语+谓语+宾语
句中的谓语动词是及物动词,其后必须跟宾语。宾语可以由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词等充当。例如:
I have a new watch.我有一只新手表。
She wants to swim.她想去游泳。
We enjoy watching the film.我们很享受看这部电影。
4.SVOO:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
有些及物动词能接双宾语。常见的能接双宾语的动词有ask、buy、cost、give、pass、lend、send、show、teach、tell等。例如:
Mom bought me a coat.妈妈给我买了一件外套。
5.SVOC:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
有些及物动词仅接宾语还不能表达完整的句意,需要再加上一个补足语,句意才能完整明确。宾语补足语的作用是描述宾语的动作、特征或状态。作宾语补足语的主要是名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词、副词和介词短语等。例如:
They named their son John.他们给儿子取名叫约翰。
The news made him happy.那个消息让他很开心。
【效果评估】
选出下列画线部分在句中充当的成分
1.My mom sometimes reads books in her free time. ( )
A.主语 B.表语
C.宾语 D.宾语补足语
6.存现句(见考点六)
C
2.Her face quickly turned red after hearing that. ( )
A.谓语 B.表语 C.宾语 D.定语
3.The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes. ( )
A.表语 B.直接宾语
C.间接宾语 D.宾语补足语
B
B
4.I saw Lily dancing in the school hall when I walked by. ( )
A.宾语补足语 B.状语
C.宾语 D.表语
5.Are there many students planting trees on the hill ( )
A.表语 B.定语
C.宾语补足语 D.主语
D
A
考点二
陈述句
陈述句用来陈述一件事或表达一种看法,有肯定和否定两种形式,句末用句号,读时用降调。
1.肯定句:主语+谓语+其他。例如:
This is my pencil.这是我的铅笔。
They agreed.他们同意了。
Jane can play volleyball.简会打排球。
2.否定句:
(1)否定句通常在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后加not。
①主语+be+not+其他。例如:
This isn’t my pencil.这不是我的铅笔。
②主语+助动词+not+动词原形/现在分词/过去分词+其他。例如:
They didn’t agree with us.他们没同意我们。
③主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他。例如:
Jane can’t play volleyball.简不会打排球。
(2)除not外,其他否定词也可以构成否定句。常见的此类词有no、never、little、few、nobody、nothing、neither of...、none of...、seldom、hardly、too...to...等。例如:
There is no rain today.今天没有雨。
I never went there.我没去过那里。
She had little money.她几乎没有钱。
Nobody likes the film.没有人喜欢这部电影。
He’s too excited to say a word.他太激动了,一句话也说不出来。
【效果评估】
按要求完成句子,每空一词
1.[2025·四川达州]Emma has run out of money.(改为否定句)
Emma out of money.
2.[2025·重庆]Gina is talking to her friend on the phone.(改为否定句)
Gina to her friend on the phone.
hasn’t run
isn’t talking
考点三
疑问句
1.一般疑问句
一般疑问句是在句子中用提问的方式提供一些信息,要求对方用“Yes”或“No”回答的疑问句。
(1)结构:
①Be+主语+其他 例如:
Are you a player 你是运动员吗
②情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他 例如:
Can he play basketball 他会打篮球吗
③助动词+主语+动词原形/现在分词/过去分词+其他 例如:
Did you paint the wall by yourself 你自己给墙刷的漆吗
(2)回答:
在答语中通常重复问句里的be动词、助动词或情态动词,完全否定时口语中通常使用缩略词。例如:
—Can you speak Chinese 你会说汉语吗
—Yes,I can.是的,我会。/No,I can’t.不,我不会。
2.特殊疑问句
以特殊疑问词开头,对陈述句中某一部分进行提问的句子称为特殊疑问句。常用的特殊疑问词有what、which、whose、who、whom、when、where、how、why等。回答特殊疑问句时,应针对提问内容作答。
(1)结构:
①特殊疑问词(+主语)+谓语+其他 (特殊疑问词作主语或主语的定语)例如:
Who is singing in the room 谁在房间里唱歌
②特殊疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(+谓语)+其他 (特殊疑问词作其他成分)例如:
What does she look like 她长什么样
(2)常用的特殊疑问词(组):
①what、which、whose、who、whom等疑问代词。
②when、where、how、why等疑问副词。
③what time、what day、what date、what size、what color、how old、how much/many、how far、how long、how fast、how tall/high、how heavy、how often、how soon、how many times等特殊疑问词组。
3.选择疑问句
选择疑问句表示说话人提供两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方在所提供的范围或对象内选择。在所提供的最后一个备选对象前面用表示选择关系的并列连词or连接。
(1)结构:
①一般疑问句+or+另一个备选对象 例如:
Are you a doctor or a teacher 你是一名医生还是一名教师
②特殊疑问句+一个备选对象+or+另一个备选对象 例如:
Which boy is Tom,the tall one or the short one 哪个男孩是汤姆,高个的还是矮个的
(2)回答:
回答选择疑问句时,一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择,有时也要视具体情况作灵活处理,但不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答,一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式来回答。例如:
—Is he thin or heavy 他是瘦还是胖
—He’s a little heavy.他有点胖。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·四川成都改编]— is the sports center closed today
—Here’s a notice.Let’s have a look.
A.Why B.How C.Whether D.Which
A
2.[2025·四川遂宁]—Excuse me,sir. is it from here to the train station
—Oh,it’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A.How long B.How soon
C.How often D.How far
D
3.—Dad,shall we go to the library by bike or by car
— .There is no parking lot there.
A.Yes,we will B.No,we won’t
C.By car D.By bike
D
二、按要求完成句子,每空一词
4.[2025·重庆]Andy paid 30 yuan for his new book.(对画线部分提问)
did Andy pay for his new book
5.[2025·四川达州]The students read books in the library yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)
the students books in the library yesterday afternoon
read
Did
How much
考点四
祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令或建议。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称you,但通常省略。祈使句的句末一般用句号,也可用感叹号加强语气。为表示礼貌,可在祈使句句首或句末加please;句末用please时,前面通常加逗号,即用“Please...”或“...,please.”句式。若有称呼语,要用逗号隔开,放在句首或句末。
1.祈使句的结构
形式 结构 例句
肯定 形式 (Please+)动词原形+其他. Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。
Be+其他. Be careful not to drop that plate.小心别把盘子摔了。
Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。
Do+动词原形+其他(加强语气,表示“务必;一定”). Do come here on time tomorrow!明天一定要准时来这里!
续表
形式 结构 例句
否定 形式 Don’t/Never+动词原形+其他. Don’t play on the street!不要在街道上玩耍!
No+名词/动名词+其他. No entry!禁止入内!
No parking!禁止停车!
Don’t let+宾语+动词原形+其他.=Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他. Don’t let the child stay at home alone.=Let the child not stay at home alone.不要让小孩一个人待在家里。
2.祈使句的特殊句型:祈使句+and/or+陈述句
“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”意为“如果……的话,那么……”,相当于if引导的条件状语从句。其中,and意为“那么”,祈使句与陈述句之间为顺承关系。“祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”意为“……,否则……”。其中,or意为“否则”,祈使句与陈述句之间存在一种否定的条件关系。例如:
Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.=If you hurry up,you’ll catch the train.快点,这样你才能赶上火车。
Hurry up,or you’ll miss the train.=If you don’t hurry up,you’ll miss the train.快点,否则你将错过火车。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·四川广元]—Mike, such a loud noise in the room.Your sister is sleeping.
—OK,Dad.I won’t do that again.
A.making B.to make
C.don’t make D.make
C
2. what you have learnt as much as you can,and you’ll be a good learner.
A.To practice B.Practicing
C.Practiced D.Practice
D
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
3.[2025·甘肃白银]红灯时请不要横穿马路。
the road when the traffic lights are red.
4.出门的时候记得带上钥匙。
the keys with you when you go out.
Remember to take
Don’t/Never cross
5.让我们一起健康饮食,积极运动,充满活力!
healthily,exercise actively and be energetic!
Let’s eat
考点五
感叹句
感叹句是表示惊讶、赞美、喜悦、愤怒等情感的句子,通常由what或how引导。what修饰名词,how修饰形容词或副词。
类别 结构 例句
what 引导 的感 叹句 What+a/an(+形容 词)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What an honest boy(he is)!(他是)一个多么诚实的男孩呀!
What a shame!真遗憾!
What(+形容词)+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What funny stories (they are)!(它们是)多么有趣的故事啊!
What(+形容词)+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What terrible weather (we met)!(我们遇到了)多么可怕的天气啊!
类别 结构 例句
how 引导 的感 叹句 How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)! How lucky (he is)!(他是)多么幸运啊!
How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! How happy a boy (he is)!
(他是)一个多么幸福的男孩啊!
How+主语+谓语! How time flies!时光如梭!
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江绥化改编] good advice it is!I’m sure to make many friends at the party.
A.How B.What a C.What D.How a
2.[2025·吉林长春] beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is!I want to read it to my mom.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
C
C
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
3.[2025·甘肃白银]终身学习真是太重要了!
lifelong learning is!
4.中国在航天领域取得了多么巨大的进步啊!
progress China has made in its space industry!
What great/big
How important
三、按要求完成句子,每空一词
5.It was a big surprise for me to see my dad waiting for me at the airport.(改为感叹句)
big surprise it was to see my dad waiting for me at the airport!
What a
6.The little girl cleaned her bedroom very carefully.(改为感叹句)
the little girl cleaned her bedroom!
How carefully
考点六
There be句型(存现句)
There be句型强调存在,表示“某地/时有某人/某物”,其结构为“There+be动词+主语(+其他).”,地点状语也可以置于句首。there be后接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,be动词与距离最近的主语的单复数保持一致,即就近原则。例如:
There is one bed and two chairs in my room.我的房间里有一张床和两把椅子。
There be句型和have的区别:there be结构表示某地“存在”某人或某物;而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物,作宾语的某人或某物归主语所有。例如:
There is a car under the tree.树下有一辆轿车。
My uncle has a car.我的叔叔有一辆轿车。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区改编]There no yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list.We need to add to the salad.
A.is;them B.are;them
C.are;it D.is;it
A
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
2.纵有疾风,永不言弃。
Don’t give up even if a strong wind in life.
3.没有什么困难能阻止我们成为更好的人。
any difficulties that can stop us from growing into better people.
There aren’t
there is
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.65
谢谢观看(共66张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法七 形容词和副词
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
形容词 单项填空23,完形填空33、36、47、49,单词拼写80 单项填空22,完形填空31、33、46,单词拼写76 单项填空24,完形填空32、36、40、42,单词拼写76 单项填空26,完形填空48,单词拼写78、79 单项填空23,完形填空35、43,单词拼写79
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
副词 单项填空25,完形填空31 单项填空27,完形填空39、50 单项填空23,完形填空45,单词拼写78 单项填空23,完形填空32、46 单项填空22,完形填空32
形容词和副词的比较等级 — 完形填空34 — 完形填空36 完形填空46
一、单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]—Saying “Would you please...” is a good way to ask somebody to do something.
—Yes.It makes you sound .
A.straight B.polite C.funny D.young
真题再现
B
2.[2025·安徽]Every time I felt down,my best friend would say to me,“Everything will be fine.”
A.relatively B.safely
C.softly D.thankfully
3.[2024·安徽]In summer,the trees we planted in the school are with green leaves.
A.thick B.soft C.clear D.light
A
C
4.[2024·安徽]—Your grandpa climbed the hill so ______ that I couldn’t keep up with him.
—He takes exercise every day.
A.quickly B.difficultly
C.patiently D.differently
A
5.[2023·安徽]From my childhood,I remember my parents working hard day and night.
A.clearly B.patiently
C.suddenly D.politely
A
6.[2023·安徽]—Camping trips in spring have become very in southern China.
—Exactly.That’s because these areas have warmer weather and an earlier flowering season.
A.hot B.safe C.cheap D.hard
A
7.[2022·安徽]—What place will you suggest if I travel to your hometown
—The best-known Mount Huangshan comes as the first choice.
A.hardly B.patiently
C.strangely D.naturally
D
8.[2022·安徽]—Jim and I share tastes and hobbies.
—No wonder you take part in lots of meaningful social activities together.
A.separate B.weak
C.similar D.double
C
9.[2021·安徽]The dancing teacher gives us instructions
until we are perfect in every move.
A.patiently B.quickly
C.bravely D.suddenly
A
10.[2021·安徽]—The Chinese language is more and more popular.
—Exactly!It’s becoming a language skill in the international community.
A.similar B.difficult
C.necessary D.traditional
C
二、单词拼写
11.[2025·安徽]Our hometown is developing fast and becoming more and more (美丽的).
12.[2024·安徽]The lake area is ( 丰富) in wildlife and draws lots of people.
13.[2023·安徽]Fei Fei is a (可爱的) girl,honest and caring.
lovely/lovable
rich
beautiful
14.[2023·安徽]Students (通常地) listen to the teachers’ advice and act on it.
15.[2022·安徽]Making mistakes in class is (常见的) to all,so be brave to face it.
16.[2022·安徽]The advice my English teacher gave me was (聪明的) and useful.
17.[2021·安徽]My English teacher always wears a
( 甜美的) smile in class.
sweet
smart
common
usually
考点梳理
考点一
形容词的用法
1.形容词的基本用法
功能 用法 例句
作定语 通常放在所修饰的名词前,说明其性质、特征等 He is a smart man.他是一个聪明的人。
作表语 与系动词构成系表结构,说明主语的性质或特征 The weather here is very comfortable.这里气候宜人。
功能 用法 例句
作宾语 补足语 说明宾语的状态或特征 Who has left the door open 谁没关门
作状语 作为独立成分,说明主语的情况等 He arrived home,hungry and tired.他回到家时又累又饿。
2.形容词的特殊用法
(1)有些形容词还可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物。这时,它相当于一个名词,可以作主语或宾语。作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。例如:
old(老的)→the old(老人)
(2)有些形容词还可作感叹语,表示某种情绪。例如:
Wonderful!Can you play another song for us 太精彩了!你能再为我们演奏一曲吗
3.形容词在句中的位置
(1)当同一个名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间的排列规则:限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→表示用途、功能的形容词→所修饰名词。记忆口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房。例如:
a famous fine old stone bridge 一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥
a round brown wooden table 一张褐色的木制圆桌
(2)当形容词短语作定语时,必须放在所修饰名词之后;当形容词用来修饰somebody、something、anything、nothing等不定代词时,形容词需要后置。例如:
Guilin is a city (which is) famous for its scenery.桂林是一个以风景闻名的城市。
Do you have anything interesting to tell us 你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗
4.形容词的常用句型
句型 用法 例句
It’s+adj.+ of+sb.+ to do sth. 表示“某人做某事真是太……了”。这一句型常用描述人性格、品质的形容词,如good、kind、nice等 It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真是太好了。
句型 用法 例句
It’s+adj.+ for+sb.+ to do sth. 表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”。这一句型常用描述事物特性的形容词,如easy、important、hard等 It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.对他们来说,学习一门外语不容易。
句型 用法 例句
主语+find+ it+adj.+ to do sth. 表示“某人发现做某事是……的”。这一句型常用描述事物性质的形容词,如hard、easy、difficult、important等 I find it hard to improve listening skills in a short time.我发现在短时间内提高听力技巧是很难的。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黄山一模]Tomorrow I will take the final examination and I feel stressed out.
—Take it easy.It’s to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam.
A.pleasant B.exciting
C.perfect D.natural
D
2.[2025·合肥高新区二模]—For our health,we should be
with what we eat.
—I can’t agree more.
A.nervous B.confident C.careful D.curious
3.[2025·江苏连云港]A local charity organization teaches the disabled skills to find jobs on their own.
A.lively B.strict
C.practical D.medium
C
C
4.[2025·四川遂宁]—Be careful!The traffic light is red.It’s
to cross the street now.Wait a minute.
—Thank you for reminding me.
A.busy B.dangerous
C.crowded D.safe
B
5.[2025·湖北武汉]—Mom,I’ve finished my shower.I’m going to bed now.
—Is your hair It’s easy to catch a cold these days.
A.straight B.clean C.long D.dry
D
6.[2025·合肥蜀山区三模]If you have any______ clothes,you can donate them to people in need.
A.ugly B.light C.heavy D.spare
7.[2025·淮北模拟]The achievements that our country has made in self-driving cars field make us feel .
A.proud B.lively
C.patient D.necessary
A
D
8.[2025·江苏淮安改编]Zhang Hua saved a boy out of a fire yesterday.What a young man!
A.shy B.brave
C.funny D.honest
9.These magazines on the shelf are .You needn’t pay money for them.
A.important B.fresh
C.cheap D.free
D
B
10.[2025·池州三模]—How amazing DeepSeekis!
—Yes.The new technology makes it quite for people to solve problems.
A.late B.difficult
C.simple D.natural
C
二、单词拼写
11.[2025·合肥经开区一模]Rose sets a good example because she is always (积极的) and studies hard.
12.I didn’t feel (孤独的) anymore after I got used to the new life and made some friends.
13.[2025·四川乐山改编]Parents should be (严格的) with their children in teaching good manners.
strict
lonely
active
14.When children learn to cook,they usually feel that they have grown up,so cooking is well (值得) learning.
15.Your advice was very (有用的),saving me a lot of time.
useful
worth
考点二
副词的分类和用法
一、副词的分类和基本用法
1.副词的分类
频度副词 always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never等
方式副词 badly、clearly、easily、quickly、sadly、slowly、suddenly等
疑问副 词(组) when、why、how、where、how much/long/often/old等
连接副词 also、however、instead、then等
程度副词 quite、rather、even、pretty、so、too等
时间副词 late、early、already、soon、once、now等
地点副词 here、there、upstairs、downstairs、above、behind等
关系副词 where、when、why等
2.副词的基本用法
(1)作状语。例如:
He studies hard.他学习努力。(修饰动词)
Unluckily,he was out.很遗憾,他出去了。(修饰整个句子)
(2)作定语。有时少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语。例如:
He likes the picture below.他喜欢下面的那幅画。
(3)作表语。作表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的,如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs。例如:
He is in.他在家。
What’s on tomorrow 明天演什么节目
I must be off now.我现在必须走了。
(4)作宾语补足语。例如:
Let us in.让我们进来。
二、副词的位置
方式副词可放在句首、句中或句尾 He slowly closed the door./He closed the door slowly./Slowly he closed the door.他慢慢地关上了门。
程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词、副词之前 Mary speaks Chinese quite well.玛丽的汉语说得很好。
地点副词可放在句尾,也可放在句首。若有时间副词,多放在时间副词之前 He is coming here tomorrow.他明天到这里来。
时间副词多放在句首或句尾 Yesterday it rained,so he stayed at home.昨天下雨了,所以他待在家里。
频度副词通常放在be动词、情态动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前 We often go to see our grandparents on Sundays.我们经常星期天去看望我们的祖父母。
疑问副词通常放在句首,关系副词置于句中 Why don’t you drive your car 你为什么不开你的车呢
三、形容词变副词的规则
规则 变化 大部分形容词直接加ly quiet→quietly
different→differently
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加ly noisy→noisily
happy→happily
以ll结尾的形容词,直接加y full→fully
以“辅音字母+le”结尾的形容词,变le为ly simple→simply
comfortable→comfortably
以ue结尾的形容词,去e再加ly true→truly
不规则 变化 本身既是形容词也是副词,无需改变 early→early
fast→fast
形容词和副词为完全不同的单词 good→well
【注意】(1)有些单词虽然以ly结尾,但却是形容词,不能直接用来修饰动词,如friendly、lively等。
(2)有些形容词本身即为副词,同时也有加ly的副词形式,但加不加ly意思不一样,使用时需注意,如wide(形容词,“宽阔的;睁大的”)→wide(副词,“睁大地”)/widely(副词,“广泛地”)、late(形容词,“晚的”)→late(副词,“晚地”)/lately(副词,“最近”)等。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·蚌埠一模]—I think Tiantangzhai is a wonderful place for people to travel.
—I agree with you.Everyone who once came here spoke highly of it.
A.possibly B.totally
C.hardly D.quickly
B
2.[2025·合肥蜀山区三模]Those who lose heart in difficult situations often become role models,proving that effort can turn difficulties into victories.
A.suddenly B.usually
C.hardly D.nearly
C
3.[2025·阜阳模拟]—Even if you and your friend think
about the same matter,friendship means a lot.
—You have a point.
A.quickly B.normally
C.silently D.differently
D
4.[2025·天津]Sally can cook so well that she will not get hungry at home.
A.loudly B.certainly
C.suddenly D.slowly
5.[2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编]I’m worried about my friend because I haven’t heard from him .
A.exactly B.confidently
C.recently D.especially
C
B
6.After the rain stopped,the air was fresh and we could see the colorful rainbow in the sky.
A.clearly B.suddenly
C.quickly D.patiently
A
二、单词拼写
7.Unless you listen more than you speak,you will never
(真正) understand others.
8.[2025·合肥四十二中二模]We live very (简朴地) and don’t spend a lot of money.
9.[2025·阜阳三模]It is fantastic to walk (慢慢地) along the river,because it makes me relaxed.
slowly
simply
truly
10.The sun is shining (明亮地) today,making people feel cheerful.
brightly
考点三
形容词和副词的比较等级
一、形容词和副词比较等级变化规则
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
规则 变化 一般情况下直接在词尾加-er或-est young strong younger stronger youngest
strongest
以字母e结尾的词加-r或-st nice nicer nicest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er或-est happy healthy happier healthier happiest
healthiest
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
规则 变化 以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,则先双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest
fattest
hottest
多音节词和部分双音节词,在原级前加more或most important careful interesting more important more careful more interesting the most important
the most careful
the most interesting
构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
不规则 变化 口诀:两“好”两“坏”两“多”,一“少”一“远” good/well bad/badly many/much little far better worse more less farther/ further best
worst
most
least
farthest/furthest
二、形容词和副词原级及比较等级的用法
1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法
等级 用法 例句
比较级 表示两者(人或事物)的比较。在“比较级 + than”的句型中,当 than 前后所使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词,该助动词也可以省略 I’m more outgoing than my sister.我比我的妹妹更外向。
You know more about Tom than I (do).你比我更了解汤姆。
等级 用法 例句
最高级 表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个,后面可用带有 of 、in、among 的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the,副词最高级前的the 可以省略 The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.蓝鲸是世界上最大、最重的动物。
In my country,July is the hottest month of the year.在我的国家,七月是一年中最热的月份。
2.形容词和副词原级的常用句型
句型 用法 例句
A+谓语+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B 表示比较的双方程度相同,意为“A像B一样……” He sings as well as his teacher.他歌唱得和他的老师一样好。
A+谓语+not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B 表示比较的双方程度不相同,意为“A不如B……” The girl doesn’t run as quickly as the boy.那个女孩跑得不如那个男孩快。
3.形容词和副词比较级的常用句型
可以修饰比较级的词有much、a lot、far、a little、a bit、even、still等。常用的句型结构如下:
句型 用法 例句
A+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+than+B 表示“A比B……” Jim is taller than Li Lei.吉姆比李雷个子高。
续表
句型 用法 例句
形容词/副词比较级+and+形容词/副词比较级 表示“越来越……” He is getting taller and taller.他长得越来越高了。
the+形容词/副词比较级,the+形容词/副词比较级 表示“越……就越……” The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.你越用功,进步就越大。
4.形容词最高级的常用句型
句型 用法 例句
主语+谓语+the+形容词最高级+in/of/among短语或从句 表示“……是……中最……的”。of和among后面接三个或者三个以上的人或物,in后面接一个组织或单位集体等 Among all the subjects,English is the most interesting,I think.在所有学科中,我认为英语是最有趣的。
句型 用法 例句
one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语或从句 表示“最……之一” She is one of the best runners in the world.她是世界上最优秀的跑步者之一。
5.表示最高级含义的常用形容词比较级句型
句型 用法 例句
否定词+比较级(+than) (否定词有not、no、never、nothing等, 也可用can’t/couldn’t+比较级) 表示“没有比……更……的了;是最……的了” I can’t agree with you more.我非常同意你的观点。
比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数 表示“……比同一范围内的人/物都……” Tom is taller than any other student in his class.汤姆是班上最高的学生。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·甘肃白银]City life is full of opportunities.Country life,however,is and more peaceful.
A.dearer B.quieter C.busier D.colder
B
2.[2025·四川达州改编]—If people drive cars,there will be air pollution.
—I think so.I hope our environment will be better and better.
A.fewer;less B.less;fewer
C.more;less D.more;fewer
A
3.[2025·北京]The National Library of China is_______ public library in Asia.
A.large B.larger
C.largest D.the largest
D
4.[2025·江西]—Dad,could I spend my pocket money on beautiful dresses
—It’s OK.But I think spending it on books is .
A.less meaningful B.less comfortable
C.more meaningful D.more comfortable
C
5.—Who usually comes to the classroom in your class
—Sue.She is always the first.
A.earlier B.earliest
C.later D.latest
B
二、单词拼写
6.[2025·四川德阳改编]Lin Tao runs (更快) than most of his classmates.He is the running star in his class.
7.He’s lost a lot of weight—he’s three kilos____________ (更轻的) than he was.
8.John and his mother are much (更亲密的) than they were when he was a little child.
closer
lighter
faster
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.55
谢谢观看(共76张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法九 动词的时态和语态
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
动词的时态 单项填空27,单词拼写77 单项填空26,单词拼写80 单项填空29 单项填空27,单词拼写77 单项填空27,单词拼写77
动词的语态 — 单项填空29 单项填空25 — —
单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]—The robots each other to the finish line.
—How exciting!Our robot is going to win.
A.raced B.were racing
C.race D.are racing
真题再现
D
2.[2024·安徽]—Excuse me,may I use your dictionary I
mine behind.
—Sure.Here you are.
A.leave B.have left
C.will leave D.was leaving
B
3.[2023·安徽]—Jim,I’ve got a problem with my car.Could you help me
—Sorry,not right now.I a short video.
A.make B.have made
C.am making D.was making
C
4.[2023·安徽]Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they into schools.
A.introduce B.introduced
C.are introduced D.were introduced
D
5.[2022·安徽]—What are you saving money for
—Father’s Day is around the corner.I a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy B.have bought
C.bought D.was buying
A
6.[2021·安徽]—Our computer is working again!
—Yes.Our IT teacher it.It took him about an hour.
A.has fixed B.will fix
C.is fixing D.was fixing
A
考点梳理
考点一
一般现在时
1.句式结构
句式 含有be动词 含有实义动词
肯定句 主语+am/is/are+其他. 主语+实义动词+其他.
否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+其他. 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他.
续表
句式 含有be动词 含有实义动词
一般 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+其他 Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他
特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其他 特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他
2.动词第三人称单数变化规则
构成方法 举例
一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s help→helps
以字母s、x、ch、sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-es fix→fixes
wash→washes
以“辅音字母+y结尾”的动词,变y为i,再加-es fly→flies
不规则变化须特殊记忆 have→has
3.一般现在时的用法
用法 例句
可表示现在的状态,也可表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态,常与often、sometimes、every day、once a week、on Sunday(s)等副词或时间状语连用 I’m thirteen.我十三岁。
We often have lunch at 12 o’clock.我们通常在12点钟吃午饭。
表示客观真理、科学事实、格言及谚语等 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
用法 例句
表示主语具备的特征、性格和能力等 Mike has a good sense of humor.迈克很有幽默感。
在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中,主句若用一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时表将来 I’ll go with you if I am free tomorrow.如果我明天有空的话,我就和你一起去。
表示按计划、安排、时刻表等将要发生的动作时,用一般现在时表将来(仅限come、go、leave、arrive、start等表示位置的移动的动词) The train leaves at eight tomorrow morning.火车明天早上8时出发。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·芜湖无为市二模]My mother is great.She always
me to serve our country after I graduate from college.
A.tells B.told
C.has told D.will tell
A
2.[2025·甘肃白银]Look!There a notebook and three keys on the desk.
A.is B.was
C.are D.were
A
二、单词拼写
3.Don’t (错失) the chance when you can catch it,or you’ll regret it someday.
4.[2025·四川广安改编]Wang Hui often (分享) traditional Chinese culture with Steve online.
shares
miss
考点二
一般过去时
句式 含有be动词 含有实义动词
肯定句 主语+was/were+其他. 主语+动词的过去式+其他.
否定句 主语+was/were not+其他. 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.
一般 疑问句 Was/Were+主语+其他 Did+主语+动词原形+其他
特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他
1.句式结构
2.动词过去式变化规则
构成方法 举例
一般情况下,直接在词尾加-ed work→worked
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,在词尾加-d love→loved
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop→stopped
以“辅音字母+y结尾”的动词,变y为i,再加-ed carry→carried
不规则变化须特殊记忆 fly→flew
3.一般过去时的用法
用法 例句
可表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去一段时间内经常性、习惯性的动作或状态,常与a moment ago、 just now、yesterday、last week等时间状语连用 He saw a film with his friends yesterday.他昨天和他的朋友看了一场电影。
Mike went hiking once a month last year.迈克去年一个月去远足一次。
在since引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I haven’t seen him since he left.自从他离开后我再也没见过他。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·合肥蜀山区三模]At yesterday’s charity concert,the singer her voice to call for environmental protection.
A.raises B.is raising
C.has raised D.raised
D
2.Jessica every night before her Chinese test and got good results.
A.studies B.studied
C.has studied D.will study
B
teach fly set
二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空
3.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区改编]The bird heard the sound of the cars and away.
4.In the end,the little rabbit got healthy again and the kind girl it free.
5.The farmer us how to milk a cow on the study tour of last week.
taught
set
flew
考点三
一般将来时
1.句式结构
句式 be going to+动词原形 will/shall+动词原形
肯定句 主语+am/is/are+going to+动词原形+其他. 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.
续表
句式 be going to+动词原形 will/shall+动词原形
否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+going to+动词原形+其他. 主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他.
一般 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+going to+动词原形+其他 Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他
特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+going to+动词原形+其他 特殊疑问词+will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他
2.一般将来时的用法
用法 例句
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow、next week、soon、in three days、in the future等 The rain will stop soon.雨很快就要停了。
We shall go there tomorrow.我们明天去那里。
用法 例句
“am/is/are going to+动词原形”表示事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明即将要发生的事情,意为“打算;就要” We’re going to meet outside the school gate.我们打算在校门外见面。
表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,可用现在进行时代替一般将来时,动词一般多为表示位置移动的动词,如go、come、leave、arrive、fly等 I’m flying to Beijing next week.下周我将坐飞机去北京。
3.一般将来时的几个特殊句式
(1)“be+动词不定式”结构,表示按计划要发生的事,或用来征求对方意见。例如:
We are to meet outside the park.我们将在公园外面见面。
(2)“be about+动词不定式”结构,表示即将做某事,一般不用时间状语。例如:
It is about to rain.天要下雨了。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—Our foreign teacher for Australia on Sunday.Shall we go to see him off at the airport
—Good idea!Thanks to him,we make much progress in English.
A.is leaving B.left
C.has left D.was leaving
A
2.[2025·合肥包河区三模]—Why do you practice dancing every day
—Our team at the city culture festival.We hope it can be a great hit.
A.performs B.will perform
C.performed D.has performed
B
3.[2025·合肥瑶海区一模]—Our hometown a new bridge over the river.
—The plan is expected to bring more hope to the villagers.
A.builds B.built
C.has built D.will build
D
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
4.看!我们的朋友快要赢了。给他们加油怎么样
Look!Our friends ________ ____________ _________ win.What about cheering them up
5.我们必须共同努力,否则我们的团队会落后的。
We must work hard together,or our team_______ ______
.
behind
will fall
are about/going to
考点四
现在进行时
1.句式结构
(1)肯定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词+其他.
(2)否定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+动词的现在分词+其他.
(3)一般疑问句:Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+动词的现在分词+其他
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+动词的现在分词+其他
2.动词的现在分词变化规则
构成方法 举例
一般情况下,在词尾直接加-ing read→reading
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing come→coming
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing get→getting
部分以ie结尾的动词,将ie变为y,再加-ing die→dying
3.现在进行时的用法
用法 例句
表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,常和now、at the moment、listen、look等时间标志词连用 Listen! The bird is singing in the tree.
听!鸟儿正在树上唱歌。
表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态,常和at present、this week、these days等时间状语连用 She is working in a factory this year.
今年她在一家工厂工作。
现在进行时与always、all the time等连用常表示某种强烈的感情 Bob is always thinking of others.
鲍勃总是为别人考虑。
4.不用进行时的动词
(1)表示所属的动词:have、belong等。例如:
This house belongs to my sister.这栋房子属于我的妹妹。
(2)表示心理状态的动词:know、realize、believe、suppose、imagine、agree、remember、want、forget、prefer、understand、love、hate等。例如:
He loves her very much.他非常爱她。
(3)非延续性动词:accept、receive、complete、finish、marry、die、borrow、arrive等。例如:
I accept your advice.我接受你的建议。
(4)表示存在和状态的动词:appear、remain、seem等。例如:
I seem to have left my book at home.我大概是把书落在家里了。
(5)表示感官和知觉的动词:see、hear、notice、smell等。例如:
Every time I hear that song I feel happy.我每次听到那首歌都感到很愉快。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·芜湖三模]—Jill,would you mind not playing the drums I on the phone.
—Oh,sorry.
A.talked B.was talking
C.have talked D.am talking
D
2.[2025·滁州模拟]—You know,new energy technologies in China rapidly these years.
—Yes,we can see lots of cars with new energy on the streets.
A.are progressing B.will progress
C.were progressing D.have progressed
A
二、根据汉语意思及所给提示翻译句子
3.他总是想着如何更好地帮助别人。(think of)
________________________________________________
4.此刻,一些人正在中央公园慢跑。(at the moment;jog) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________
He is always thinking of how to help others better.
At the moment,some people are jogging in the Central Park.
考点五
过去进行时
1.句式结构
(1)肯定句:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他.
(2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+动词的现在分词+其他.
(3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他
2.过去进行时的用法
用法 例句
表示在过去某一时间点正在进行或发生的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如then、at that time、at this time yesterday等 What were you doing at this time last week 上周的这个时候你在干什么
用法 例句
表示在过去某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作 They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon.昨天下午2点到3点他们在游泳。
表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。此时常与when、while引导的时间状语从句连用 When the teacher came in,they were talking.老师进来时,他们正在讲话。
【注意】 (1)在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时,另一个非延续性动作用一般过去时。例如:
My phone dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.当我在公园散步的时候,我的手机掉到地上了。
(2)表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行,不考虑动作的先后顺序,主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时,连词常用while。例如:
The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.学生们在看书,而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。
3.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般过去时表示动作的完成。例如:
He was writing his composition last night.他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night.他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·合肥四十二中二模]—How was your volunteer work at the nursing home
—Meaningful!The elderly when we sang red songs with them.
A.smile B.are smiling
C.will smile D.were smiling
D
2.At the school talent show last week,my friend a beautiful song she wrote herself.
A.sings B.sang
C.will sing D.was singing
3.Students in Grade 9 a math exam at this time yesterday.
A.take B.took
C.were taking D.have taken
C
B
二、单词拼写
4.The fans were (欢呼) loudly for their favorite team during the game.
5.We were (讨论) math problems with group members when the teacher came in.
6.The volunteers were (修理) some broken bikes at 9:00 yesterday morning.
fixing
discussing
cheering
考点六
现在完成时
1.句式结构
(1)肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他.
(2)否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+动词的过去分词+其他.
(3)一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
2.动词的过去分词变化规则
大多数动词的过去分词形式和动词的过去式相同,可参照动词的过去式变化规则。动词过去分词的不规则变化需特殊记忆。
3.现在完成时的用法
用法 例句
表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常和just、already、yet等连用 Mr.Wang has just come back from America.王先生刚从美国回来。
用法 例句
表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在(可能会延续下去),常与“since+时间点/从句”“for+时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用,还可以与up to now、so far等表示与现在时刻相关的时间状语连用 Mr.Wang has lived here since 1983.自1983年以来,王先生就一直住在这里。
I haven’t heard from him up to now.到目前为止,我没有收到他的来信。
用在固定句型“It/This is+the+序数词/形容词最高级+名词+that从句”中 This is the first time that I have visited China.这是我第一次来中国参观。
4.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
区别 例句
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,不强调对现在的影响 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago.两年前汤姆住在北京。(不知道汤姆现在是否还住在北京)
现在完成时的动作虽然是发生在过去,但是强调的是对现在的影响 Tom has lived in Beijing for two years.汤姆住在北京两年了。(现在汤姆仍然还住在北京)
5.延续性动词与非延续性动词
英语中有些动词的动作是不能延续的,这些动词叫非延续性动词或短暂性动词。在现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用(否定句除外),也不能用于how long提问的疑问句中。此时需要将非延续性动词改为相对应的延续性动词或表示状态的动词。初中常见此类词的转换总结如下:
非延续性动词 延续性动词
borrow/lend keep
die be dead
open be open
close be closed
buy have
join be in/be a member of
leave be away (from)
finish/end/stop be over
begin/start be on
非延续性动词 延续性动词
arrive/come be here/in
catch/get a cold have a cold
get married/marry be married
例如:He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.他参军已有3年了。
Has your brother been away from home for a long time 你哥哥离家很久了吗
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·合肥包河区二模]—Why are you so happy
—I the science project,and I think I did a really good job.
A.am completing B.will complete
C.have completed D.was completing
C
2.[2025·合肥高新区二模]—Jenny,you know a lot about Beijing.Have you ever been there
—Yes,I in Beijing for four years and now I work in Hefei.
A.study B.will study
C.studied D.am studying
C
3.[2025·阜阳模拟]—Is the art museum open to the public yet
—Yes.It for almost two months.
A.has opened B.was open
C.has been open D.is open
C
二、单词拼写
4.[2025·合肥庐阳区三模]I feel that I have_____________
(受益) greatly from exercise.
5.[2025·四川眉山改编]As a stamp lover,Xiao Ning has
(收集) plenty of special stamps over these years.
6.The doctor has (回到) to his own country after two years’ voluntary work.
returned
collected
benefited/
benefitted
考点七
被动语态
1.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的。
时态 结构 例句
一般 现在时 主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天都被打扫。
时态 结构 例句
一般 过去时 主语+was/were+动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). Our school was built in 1998.我们的学校是在1998年建造的。
一般 将来时 主语+will/shall/am/is/are going to+be+动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.运动会明天举行。
含有情 态动词 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The law should be changed.这项法律应该修改。
2.被动语态的用法
用法 例句
不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁 English is taught in all middle schools.所有中学都开设英语课。
强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者 Teapots are used for drinking.茶壶是饮水用的。
3.主动语态变为被动语态的方法
4.主动语态变为被动语态的几个特殊情况
特殊情况 例句
接双宾语的动词的被动语态:有些动词带有两个宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语,若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语,需要在间接宾语之前加上介词to或for。常带双宾语的动词有tell、show、lend、pass、give、buy等 He often tells us interesting stories.他经常给我们讲有趣的故事。(主动语态)
Interesting stories are often told to us by him.有趣的故事经常由他讲给我们听。
(被动语态)
特殊情况 例句
有些感官动词和使役动词在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语为省略了to的动词不定式,但在被动语态中,to要还原(但let除外)。 【注意】后接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时,宾语补足语部分不变 I often hear her sing this song.我经常听她唱这首歌。(主动语态)
She is often heard to sing this song.她经常被听到唱这首歌。(被动语态)
5.主动语态表示被动含义
(1)feel、look、sound、smell、taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。例如:
The dishes smell so delicious.菜闻起来真香。
(2)sell、cut、drive、wash、clean、write、open、lock等作不及物动词时,可以用主动语态表示被动含义。例如:
Books of Harry Potter sell well.《哈利·波特》系列书很畅销。
(3)need/want/require+doing sth.=sth.need/want/require+to be done。例如:
Your room needs cleaning.=Your room needs to be cleaned.你的房间需要打扫了。
(4)be worth doing sth.“值得……”。例如:
The movie is worth watching by everyone.这部电影值得所有人看一看。
6.不用被动语态的情况
(1)系动词、不及物动词和某些动词短语没有被动语态。
(2)反身代词和each other不能作被动语态的主语。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·合肥瑶海区一模]Many new technologies by Huang Xuhua,who did a great job for China.
A.invent B.invented
C.are invented D.were invented
D
2.[2025·安庆一模]This children’s picture book,with interesting pictures and simple words, by kids now.
A.loves B.is loved
C.loved D.was loved
B
3.[2025·宣城三模]Although the dream is too far away,it
if you keep running after it.
A.achieves B.will achieve
C.is achieved D.will be achieved
4.Now this new kind of toy well.Do you want one
A.is sold B.was sold
C.sells D.sold
C
D
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
5.一切都值得尝试,然后你会发现一些有趣的事情。
Everything and you will find something interesting.
6.我想成为一名宇航员,我希望我的梦想将来会实现。
I want to be an astronaut and I hope my dream ________
in the future.
will come true
is worth trying
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.59
谢谢观看(共39张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法八 动词和动词短语
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
动词 单项填空22,完形填空32、34、35、37、38、39、43、45、50,单词拼写79 单项填空23,完形填空42、43、49 完形填空35、37、 41、48,单词拼写 80 单项填空21,完形填空37、41、47,单词拼写76 单项填空21,完形填空31、33、36、41、42、44、50
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
动词短语 单项填空24,完型填空40 单项填空24,完形填空38 单项填空27,完形填空38、44 单项填空25,完形填空33、44 单项填空26,完形填空40
一、单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]—Paper-cutting is not easy to learn.It_____ much practice,patience and imagination.
—Yes.But I’d like to give it a go.
A.explains B.supports
C.provides D.requires
真题再现
D
2.[2025·安徽]—Thanks a lot for yesterday.I had a good time visiting the ancient town.
—It was my great pleasure to with you.
A.hang out B.turn around
C.look up D.cut in
3.[2024·安徽]With its famous mountains,lakes,and towns,Anhui has so much to tourists.
A.guard B.offer C.push D.cost
B
A
4.[2024·安徽]There can be some trouble at the beginning,but things will well in the end.
A.break up B.give up
C.set out D.turn out
5.[2023·安徽]Our team what to do about the project and successfully completed it on time.
A.gave up B.worked out
C.turned down D.took away
B
D
6.[2022·安徽]—You can between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club.
—I consider going to the chess club,for I like playing chess better.
A.decide B.guess
C.hide D.wait
A
7.[2022·安徽]—Do you know the spacewoman Wang Yaping
—Sure.She is called the mother who the stars.
A.gave out B.put away
C.looked after D.reached for
D
8.[2021·安徽]We should the friendship that we have developed in the past years.
A.value B.change C.make D.win
9.[2021·安徽]Every student is supposed to a sporting activity for a healthy life.
A.come across B.put away
C.turn down D.take up
D
A
二、单词拼写
10.[2025·安徽]The engineer uses his knowledge to help factories (生产) better cars.
11.[2023·安徽]I don’t (后悔) many things about my school days,for they are just part of my life.
12.[2022·安徽]I’m afraid I might lose my best friend,and I’ll try to (修复) our relationship.
repair
regret
produce
考点梳理
考点一
动词的分类
动词可以按照含义和在句中的作用分成四类:意义完整且能够独立作谓语的动词(实义动词);连接主语和表语的动词,但不能独立作谓语(系动词);协助实义动词构成谓语的动词,不能独立作谓语(助动词);情态动词。
1.实义动词
实义动词是指那些意义完整且能够独立作谓语的动词。实义动词按其后是否可直接跟宾语,分为及物动词和不及物动词。
(1)及物动词
后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词称为及物动词。常见的及物动词有love、need、want、make等。例如:
I want a new bicycle.我想要一辆新自行车。
(2)不及物动词
本身意义完整,后面不能直接跟宾语的实义动词称为不及物动词。常见的不及物动词有arrive、rise、listen等。例如:
She will arrive soon.她很快就会到了。
(3)有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,如begin、learn、read、study等。例如:
We began the project in May.我们于五月份启动了这项工程。(及物动词)
Shall I begin 我可以开始了吗 (不及物动词)
2.系动词
系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,要与
表语一起构成系表结构。常用的系动词有以下几类:
(1)状态系动词,即表示主语状态的系动词:be动词。例如:
Susan is a doctor.苏珊是一名医生。
(2)持续系动词,即表示主语状态持续的系动词:keep、stay、remain等。例如:
Please stay calm.请保持冷静。
(3)感官系动词,即表示人的感官动作的系动词:look、sound、smell、taste、feel等。这类系动词后接形容词作表语。例如:
The song sounds good.这首歌听起来不错。
(4)表象系动词,即表示“看起来像/似乎……”的系动词:seem、appear等。例如:
You seem happy.你看起来很高兴。
(5)变化系动词,即表示主语变成某种状态的系动词:become、get、grow、turn等。例如:
It’s getting cold.天气变冷了。
(6)终止系动词,即表示主语动作终止的系动词(组):turn out、prove等。例如:
The project proves/turns out (to be) a great success.这个项目非常成功。
有些动词既可作系动词,又可作实义动词,要注意这类动词的用法。例如:
Please keep quiet.请保持安静。(系动词)
Please keep a seat for me.请给我留个座位。(实义动词)
3.助动词
协助主要动词构成谓语的词称为助动词。助动词本身没有词义,不可独立作谓语。
分类 功能 例句
be(am、 is、are、 was、were、 being、been) 构成进 行时态 She is reading.她正在读书。
构成被 动语态 The book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
分类 功能 例句
do/ does/ did 构成疑问句/ 否定句 When did you get there 你什么时候到那里的
代替主要 动词 She works harder than he does.她工作比他努力。
加强语气 He does look tired.他看起来的确很疲倦。
构成否定 祈使句 Don’t forget to write.别忘了写信。
分类 功能 例句
has/ have/ had 构成完成时 I’ve finished my work.我已经完成了我的工作。
shall 构成将来时 This time next week I shall be in Scotland.下周这个时候我就在苏格兰了。
will/ would 【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—More and more people activities about traditional culture now.
—That’s true.And most of them are young people.
A.cause B.control C.allow D.attend
D
2.[2025·淮北三模]If we are polite and kind to others,they will us in the same way.
A.reply B.help C.treat D.warn
3.[2025·湖北武汉]—Who is the way in the race
—Xiaoming.He runs the fastest in our class.
A.watching B.planning
C.leading D.showing
C
C
4.[2025·福建改编]—I’d like to travel to Shandong.
—Mount Taishan is a place of interest.You can’t ______ it.
A.miss B.reach C.change D.afford
5.[2025·甘肃白银]A low-fat diet can the risk of heart disease.
A.help B.reduce
C.encourage D.support
B
A
6.—Did you see the book The Remarkable Chinese Famous Paintings
—Sure.The book China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.
A.protects B.introduces
C.compares D.discovers
B
7.[2025·滁州三模]—Lucy’s birthday is coming.How can we it for her
—What about having a surprise party for her
A.change B.discuss
C.explain D.celebrate
D
8.—I want to take a look at that red Qipao.
—Good choice!It is beautiful and it soft.
A.feels B.smells C.tastes D.looks
9.These flowers are colorful,and they very nice.
A.smell B.taste C.sound D.feel
A
A
10.[2025·芜湖三模]It is always a good idea to tour around Hongcun Village if you’d like to traditional Hui culture.
A.find B.enjoy C.expect D.create
B
二、单词拼写
11.The scientist tried to (挖掘) deep into the record to get more information.
12.We often (讨论) in small groups in class in order to study better.
13.My parents often (提醒) me not to swim in the river.
warn
discuss
dig
14.My brother is interested in robots and he hopes to
(设计) his own robot in the future.
15.[2025·四川成都改编]Butterflies not only look beautiful but also (帮助) plant growth.It’s important to protect them.
support
design
考点二
动词短语(详见《课标词汇背记册》p.50)
1.动词+副词:常见的有take off、write down、hand in、fix up等。这类动词短语的宾语如果是名词,宾语既可以放在副词前面,又可以放在副词后面;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前面。例如:
He turned off all the lights when he left.当他离开时,他关上了所有的灯。
He picked it up and gave it to me.他捡起它,然后把它交给了我。
2.动词+介词:常见的有ask for、care about、look for、look after、wait for、hear of、laugh at等。
3.动词+名词:常见的有have fun、play sports、take place等,这类动词短语相当于不及物动词。
4.动词+副词+介词:常见的有look down upon、get on with、add up to、catch up with、do well in等。
5.动词+名词+介词:常见的有take care of、pay attention to等。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—Life is a long journey full of ups and downs.
—That’s right.We have to learn to many difficulties in our life.
A.look over B.get over
C.go over D.come over
B
2.[2025·江苏扬州]Stress comes and goes.Sometimes you just need to .
A.sit down B.fall down
C.calm down D.come down
C
3.[2025·四川达州改编]—Now we need to come up with a plan to tell people about our book sales.
—I think we could signs.
A.put off B.put up
C.put in D.put on
B
4.[2025·湖北武汉]—I love geography and my partner is good at math.
—No wonder you two the best school map design.
A.worked out B.looked for
C.heard of D.put away
A
5.[2025·吉林长春]We often hear “Mind your step.” when we a high-speed train.
A.put off B.turn off
C.get off D.cut off
C
6.[2025·江苏连云港]Ms.Zhao wasn’t satisfied with the dresses online,so she the idea of designing one on her own.
7.The fast Wi-Fi on China’s space station helps astronauts people on Earth easily.
connect with
二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
came up with
cut in connect with take off
take care of come up with
8.In many countries,you should your gloves before shaking hands.
9.It’s important for teenagers to learn some life skills to
themselves.
10.Don’t when others are talking.Please listen politely.
cut in
take care of
take off (共32张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十一 非谓语动词
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查非谓语动词)
考点梳理
英语动词根据它是否能用作谓语,可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词在句中可用作谓语,而非谓语动词则不能用作谓语,但可用作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式,没有人称和数的变化,但可以有自己的宾语和状语。
考点一
动词不定式
1.动词不定式结构
动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式的否定形式由“not+to+动词原形”构成。
2.动词不定式的句法功能
用法 说明 例句
作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,构成下列结构: It is+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth. 【注意】在kind、good、nice、clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for,而用of It’s important (for us) to protect the environment.
(对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。
It’s very kind of you to help me.
你帮助我真是太好啦。
用法 说明 例句
作宾语 1.一些动词(词组)后只能用不定式作宾语,例如:want、would like、wish、hope、help、learn、agree、manage、offer、plan、promise、refuse、can’t wait、decide、choose、fail、afford等; 2.find、think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置,构成“find/think it+adj.+to do sth.”结构 Would you like to see a film this evening 你今晚想去看电影吗
I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。
续表
用法 说明 例句
作宾语 补足语 1.后面接带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词(词组)有allow、want、would like、ask、tell、encourage、expect、wish、get、warn等 2.不带to 的动词不定式也可以作宾补,其结构为:v.+sb.+(not) do sth.,这类动词有使役动词make、let、have 等,以及感官动词see、watch、hear、feel等 Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他调小收音机的音量。
I often see Tom play football after school.
我经常看见汤姆放学后踢足球。
用法 说明 例句
作定语 动词不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词之后,它与被修饰词有逻辑上的动宾关系 【注意】构成不定式的是不及物动词时,动词后一般不能省去介词 I have a lot of homework to do.我有许多家庭作业要做。
Weihai is a good place to live in.威海是一个居住的好地方。
用法 说明 例句
作状语 不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要与主语一致 Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。
作表语 作表语的不定式多数情况下可转化为主语 My dream is to be a scientist.=To be a scientist is my dream.我的梦想是当一名科学家。
【注意】 不定式常和疑问词what、which、when、where、how连用构成不定式短语,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。例如:
He didn’t know where to go.(where to go=where he should go)他不知道去哪里。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·福建改编]We will attend the tea festival in our town more about tea culture.
A.learning B.to learn
C.learned D.learns
B
2.[2025·天津]The government is developing new plans
ancient buildings.
A.protect B.to protect
C.protects D.protected
B
二、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
3.[2025·甘肃武威]Students are asked (do) this task by themselves.
4.If we want to be good team players,we must learn
(support) each other.
5.In order (not be) late for the competition,
my sister got up early this morning.
not to be
to support
to do
6.Now it’s time for you (blow) out all the candles.Happy birthday,Mary!
to blow
三、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
7.[2025·甘肃白银改编]计划时间就是节约时间。
time is to time.
8.对我们来说,均衡饮食是重要的。
important for us a balanced diet.
to have
It’s
save
To plan
考点二
动词的-ing形式(新课标只要求理解)
用法 说明 例句
作主语 1.单个动词的-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式; 2.并列的动词的-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用复数形式 Reading is an art.阅读是一门艺术。
Reading and writing are both forms of art.阅读和写作都是艺术的形式。
续表
用法 说明 例句
作表语 多数情况下可转化为主语 My mother’s job is teaching.=Teaching is my mother’s job.
我母亲的工作是教书。
用法 说明 例句
作宾语 只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词 (词组)有enjoy、finish、mind、practice、consider、suggest、imagine、avoid、be worth、keep on、feel like、have fun/trouble/difficulty/problems in、give up等 I don’t mind listening to that story again.我不介意再听一遍那个故事。
作定语 动名词放在名词前,作定语,说明该名词的功能或用途。例如:swimming pool、living room、sleeping bag等 Let’s join the singing group.让我们加入合唱队吧。
用法 说明 例句
作状语 放在句首表示时间、条件或原因,放在句尾常作伴随状语 Arriving home,Mom gave me a hug first.回到家,妈妈先给了我一个拥抱。
The students step into the school,laughing and talking.学生们有说有笑地走进学校。
【注意】常见的既可接动词不定式又可接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语:
(1)remember to do sth.记得要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
(2)forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(未做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
(3)regret to do sth.遗憾地(通知、告诉)
regret doing sth.后悔做过某事
(4)try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事
(5)mean to do sth.计划做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
(6)can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
(7)go on to do sth.接着去做某事(另一件事)
go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
(8)stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区改编]—How do you improve your English listening skills
—I spend about twenty minutes English videos every day.
A.watch B.to watch
C.watching D.watched
C
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
2.[2025·江苏镇江改编]Primary school students can’t wait (have) fun in different ways when classes are over.
3.[2025·甘肃兰州]Keep studying hard in the future because (learn) is a lifelong journey.
learning
to have
三、根据汉语意思及所给提示翻译句子
4.花许多时间锻炼身体是很值得的。(be worth doing)
________________________________________________
5.做一个重大决定之前要仔细思考。(before)
________________________________________________
Think it over before making an important decision.
It is well worth spending much time exercising.
考点三
动词的-ed形式(新课标只要求理解)
用法 说明 例句
作定语 表示被动或完成 There is a broken cup.这有一个碎掉的杯子。
续表
用法 说明 例句
作表语 表示主语的主观感受 She’s interested in poems.她对诗歌感兴趣。
作宾语 补足语 句子的宾语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系) We found the door locked.我们发现门锁着。
【注意】常见可接动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语的动词或短语有find、feel、hear、notice、see、smell、watch、listen to、look at等。
【效果评估】
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.After the rainstorm,the ground is covered with _______ (fall) leaves.
2.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区]Nowadays,more and more customers prefer buying products (make) in China.
made
fallen
3.Our government has done a lot to protect the environment.Lots of (pollute) rivers are much cleaner now.
polluted
二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
4.与过去的定位系统相比,北斗定位系统更精准、更强大。
the positioning systems in the past,Beidou positioning system is more accurate and powerful.
Compared with
5.[2025·广东广州]目前,许多老人使用智能手机有困难,需要被给予更多支持。
Now,many old people have trouble in using smartphones.
They should more support.
6.由杨宇导演的电影《哪吒》获得了成功。
The movie Ne Zha Yang Yu received success.
directed by
be given
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.62
谢谢观看(共23张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十 情态动词
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查情态动词)
考点梳理
情态动词有具体的词义,但不能单独使用,需要与动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,其否定形式一般是在其后加not(have to除外),其疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。
用法 例句
表示能力,意为“能;会”,即拥有某种能力。could为can的过去式,表示过去的能力 She can swim,but I can’t.她会游泳,但我不会。
He could write poems when he was 10.他10岁时就会写诗了。
1.can和could的用法
用法 例句
表示请求、许可,常用在口语中。could比can语气更委婉。【注意】由could引起的表示请求的一般疑问句,其答语中用can,不用could You can use my phone.你可以用我的电话。
—Could I use your pen 我能用你的钢笔吗
—Yes,you can.是的,你可以。
用法 例句
表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。can的否定形式can’t意为“不可能”。could既可以表示过去的可能性,又可以表示现在的可能性,其语气比can更弱一些 The man can’t be our teacher.那个人不可能是我们的老师。
Don’t worry─they could have just forgotten to call.别担心——他们可能只是忘了打电话。
2.may和might的用法
用法 例句
may和might表示把握不大的推测,意为“或许;大概”,一般用于肯定句中。might比may可能性更小 It may rain tomorrow.明天也许会下雨。
He might get there on time,but I can’t be sure.他有可能会准时到达,但我不敢肯定。
续表
用法 例句
may表示请求、许可,意为“可以”,此时常可与can互换,但比can更正式。由may引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can’t或者mustn’t。might是may的过去式,表示请求、许可时,语气比may更委婉 —May/Can I look at your new collection of stamps 我可以看看你的新邮票集吗
—Yes,you can.可以。
My mother said I might buy two T-shirts.妈妈说我可以买两件T恤衫。
3.must的用法
用法 例句
表示说话者的主观看法,意为“必须;一定” You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须待在这里。
否定形式为mustn’t,意为“禁止;不准”,用来表达命令,语气强烈 You mustn’t play with fire.你不准玩火。
用法 例句
由must引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to —Must I finish my homework now 我现在必须完成家庭作业吗
—No,you needn’t/don’t have to.不,你不必。
表示把握较大的推测,意为“一定;准是”,只用于肯定句中 The light is on,so he must be at home now.灯亮着,所以他现在肯定在家。
4.need的用法
用法 例句
用作情态动词时,后面接动词原形,意为“必要;需要”,通常用于疑问句和否定句中。由need引起的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must或have to,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to —Need I take any food and drinks 需要我带一些吃的和喝的吗
—Yes,you must/have to.是的,你必须带。
续表
用法 例句
用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化。当主语是人时,后面可以接名词和不定式;当主语是物时,后面可以接动名词和动词不定式的被动结构(need doing=need to be done) You need to put away your school things at once.你需要立刻把你的学习用品收起来。
My old watch needs repairing.=My old watch needs to be repaired.我的旧手表需要修理一下。
5.shall的用法
常用于第一人称作主语的一般疑问句中,表示征求对方意见,也可用于第三人称。例如:
—Shall we go out for a walk after dinner 晚饭后我们一起去散步好不好
—Good idea.好主意。
6.should的用法
should意为“应该”,可表示要求、命令、劝告、建议、义务、责任等。例如:
We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。
7.will和would的用法
(1)will表示自愿做某事或主动提出做某事,如意愿、意志、打算等,可用于多种人称。would是will的过去式。例如:
I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空,我就会帮你。
(2)表示请求、建议,常用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中。would比will语气更委婉。例如:
Would you please do me a favor 你可以帮我一个忙吗
8.had better的用法
had better表示建议或劝告,意为“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,后面接不带to的动词不定式,其缩写形式为’d better,否定形式为had better not。例如:
You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。
9.have to的用法
have to强调客观需要,意为“必须;不得不”,有人称、时态和数的变化。例如:
It’s late.I have to go.太晚了。我必须走。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·甘肃白银] you turn down the TV,please I’m trying to work.
A.Could B.Must
C.Might D.Should
A
3.[2025·四川乐山改编]— I have your family name
—Of course.It’s Smith.
A.May B.Must C.Need D.Should
2.[2025·江苏连云港]From April 8th,pet owners in China
bring their cats or dogs on some high-speed trains.
A.must B.should
C.can D.need
A
C
4.[2025·四川成都改编]—I’ve heard Lucy will join the art club.
—It be true.She’s already in the basketball club.We can only choose one.
A.should B.can’t C.must D.needn’t
5.—I don’t care what Jane thinks.
—Well,you .Her idea is worth considering.
A.should B.could C.would D.might
A
B
couldn’t might shall mustn’t needn’t
二、用方框中所给的单词填空,每词限用一次
6.—Could you please tell me where they will have the party
—I’m not sure.It be in a hotel.
7.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room
—No,you .You can only read it here.
mustn’t
might
8.You attend the meeting if you don’t want to.
9.Let us wait a little longer, we
10.My brother swim when he was five years old,but now he is good at it.
couldn’t
shall
needn’t
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.61
谢谢观看(共21张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法十三 主谓一致
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查主谓一致)
考点梳理
考点一
语法一致原则
主语和谓语通常要在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式(可数名词单数、不可数名词)时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式(可数名词复数)时,谓语动词用复数形式。
用法 例句
不定代词one、each、every、either、neither等以及由some-、any-、no-、every-等构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 Each of us has an English book.我们每个人都有一本英语书。
Is everybody ready 每个人都准备好了吗
动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 Doing exercise is good for your health.锻炼有益健康。
用法 例句
由and或both...and...连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both he and I are right.我和他都是对的。
主语后有with、together with、along with、except、but、as well as、including、like等词时,谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致 The teacher with his students is visiting the museum.老师和他的学生们正在参观博物馆。
续表
用法 例句
“分数或百分数+of+名词”以及“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/most of/half of/the rest of/(a) part of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词形式要由of后面的名词而定 Three fourths of the students exercise often.四分之三的学生经常锻炼。
Lots of damage is caused by fire.很多损失是由火灾造成的。
用法 例句
“a number of+名词复数”表示“许多……”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“the number of+名词复数”表示“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 A number of players are from America.很多队员来自美国。
The number of the boys in our class is 28.我们班男生的人数是28。
【效果评估】
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.[2025·甘肃白银]We all (love) our country very much!
2.A lot of useful advice on self-protection ______________ (offer) in yesterday’s activity.
3.Eating too much sugar (increase) the risk of heart disease.
increases
was offered
love
4.Lily together with her sisters often (go) to the cinema at weekends.
5.Both Lily and Lucy (visit) the Lanzhou Science and Technology Museum twice.
6. (pet) need a lot of care and attention.Think twice before keeping them.
Pets
have visited
goes
考点二
意义一致原则
用法 例句
and连接两个并列的主语在意义上指同一概念、事物或人时,谓语动词用单数形式 The poet and writer has produced many works.这个诗人兼作家创作了很多作品。
表时间、距离、长度、价格、度量的词或短语作主语时常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式 Fifty dollars is enough.50美元足够了。
用法 例句
以-s结尾的本身不表示复数意义的名词(如physics、news、maths等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式 Physics is a bit difficult for me.物理对我来说有点难。
有些集体名词形式上虽为单数,但意义上为复数(如people、police等),作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 The police are looking for the lost boy.警察正在找那个丢失的男孩。
用法 例句
the+形容词,表示“具有某种特征的一类人”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。the+姓氏名词复数,表示“……一家”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 The young welcome new things.年轻人欢迎新事物。
The Greens are swimming.格林一家正在游泳。
用法 例句
有些集体名词(如family、class、team等)作主语时,若看作整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;若强调其中的每个成员,谓语动词用复数形式 Mr.Smith’s family is a big one.史密斯先生家是一个大家庭。
Mr.Smith’s family are watching TV.史密斯一家人正在看电视。
用法 例句
all、most、more、some、any、none等不定代词作主语时,若指代可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;若指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式(none作主语时,若指代可数名词复数,谓语动词用单复数形式皆可) Now all has been changed.现在一切都变了。
All are present.所有的人都在这里。
【效果评估】
根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词
1.我的家人习惯购物时携带布袋而不是塑料袋。
My family using cloth bags instead of plastic ones when shopping.
2.老年人有更多的生活经验,我们可以从中学习。
The old life experience that we can learn from.
have more
get/are used to
3.她胜利的消息传开了,同学们都为她高兴。
The of her victory ,and all her classmates feel happy for her.
spreads
news
考点三
就近原则
用法 例句
连词or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致 What he does or what he says doesn’t concern me.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。
用法 例句
当There be和Here be句型中的主语是两个或两个以上的并列名词时,谓语动词与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致 There is a book and two cups on the table.桌上有一本书和两个杯子。
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·吉林长春]There some flowers in my room.I often water them.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
B
二、用be动词的适当形式填空
2.Neither Lily nor her parents outdoors when the rainstorm came.
3.Don’t worry.There lots of time left to complete this task.
4.Guizhou is located in the southwest of China.Here
plenty of places of interest and special local culture.
are
is
were
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.64
谢谢观看(共27张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法四 冠词
(2021—2025年安徽省中考真题未直接考查冠词)
考点梳理
考点一
不定冠词a和an
用法 举例
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单词前 a useful tool一个有用的工具
an honest man一个诚实的人
用在第一次提到,而非特指某人或某物的可数名词单数前 They live in a flat.他们住在一间公寓里。
用法 举例
用来表示“一个”,但不强调数量观念,只说明名词为不特定者 A teacher is looking for you.一个老师正在找你。
表示“每一”,用于表示时间、重量、长度等的单位名词前,相当于every、each、per等 I can type 50 words a minute.我每分钟能打50个单词。
—How much is it 多少钱
—Two yuan a kilo.每千克两元。
用法 举例
用在可数名词单数前,指某一类人或事物 A doctor is a person who saves people’s lives.医生就是拯救人们生命的人。
用于序数词前表示数量的增加,意为“又一,再一” The man tried a second time.那个人又试了一次。
与表示成对概念的名词连用 There is a knife and fork on the table.桌上有一副刀叉。
用于抽象名词前,使抽象名词具体化 a comfort一个令人感到安慰的人/事
用在某些固定搭配中 a great deal of大量
once in a while偶尔
◆常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a、an的情况
Aa an apple,an artist,an aunt,an ancient story,an Asian country,an American girl
Ee an egg,an exciting job,an 8-year-old boy,an 11-year-old boy,an e-mail address,a European country
Ii an idea,an interesting story
Oo an orange,an old man,an outgoing girl,an Olympic star
Uu a useful book,a university student,a UFO,a usual farmer,an umbrella,an ugly toy,an uncle,an unusual story,an unhappy day
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.—What are you going to do this afternoon
—I am going to buy umbrella.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
B
2.[2025·四川成都改编]I volunteered as guide in Chengdu Museum last weekend.
A.an B.the
C.a D./
3.Zhan Tianyou is engineer and he is called the “Father of China’s Railroad”.
A./ B.a
C.an D.the
C
C
4.—The final exam is coming.How is it going
—Not bad,thanks.I just treat it as usual one.I think I can make it.
A.a B.an C.the D./
A
二、用适当的冠词填空
5.There is useful robot in the restaurant near my home.It can serve food to customers.
6.Would you like to go to the open-air concert at school It’ll start in hour and half.
a
an
a
考点二
定冠词the
用法 举例
特指某(些)人或事物 The book on the desk is mine.桌子上的那本书是我的。
指双方都知道的人或事物 Open the window,please.请把窗户打开。
指上文提到的人或事物 He lives on a farm.The farm is not big.他住在一个农场里。那个农场不大。
用在世界上独一无二的事物前 The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大。
用法 举例
用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前 The first island is the largest of the three.第一个岛是这三个岛中最大的。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词以及党派、国家、江河、海洋、山脉、群岛等专有名词前 the Great Wall长城
the USA 美国
the Yellow River黄河
用法 举例
用在某些形容词前表示一类人,表复数含义,作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式 the old老人
the sick病人
the rich富人
the blind盲人
用在姓氏复数形式前表示一家人 The Smiths have moved to London.史密斯一家已经搬去伦敦了。
用在乐器名词前 play the piano/guitar/violin弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴
用在方位名词前 on the left/right在左/右侧
in the east/west/south/north在东/西/南/北方
续表
用法 举例
“动词+人+介词+the+身体部位”表示“……某人身体的某个部位” take sb.by the arm抓住某人的手臂
hit sb.on the head打某人的头
用在某些固定搭配中 by the way顺便问一句
at the same time同时
一般情况下,定冠词放在名词的前面,若名词前有形容词等修饰语,则放在相应的修饰语前,但是当定冠词与all、half、both、double等词连用的时候,应该把定冠词放在这些词的后面。例如:
Look!All the toys are here!看!所有的玩具都在这里!
【效果评估】
一、单项填空
1.[2025·四川达州改编]—Karen,what are you doing
—I’m reading an article. article is about Dazhou.
A.A B.An C.The D./
2.[2025·甘肃白银]Look at the photo of my family!_____ man in a white T-shirt is my father.
A.A B.An C.The D./
C
C
3.—What interesting book!
—Yes, book is really amazing.
A.a;an B.an;the C.an;a D.a;the
B
二、用适当的冠词填空
4.As old saying goes,“He who has never been to
Great Wall is not true man.”
5.I think the most important tradition in Chinese family is to respect old and love young.
the
the
a
the
the
考点三
零冠词
用法 举例
专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词表示一般概念时,其前一般不用冠词 Health is wealth.健康就是财富。
可数名词复数表示一类人或事物时,其前一般不用冠词 They are teachers.他们是教师。
季节、月份、日期、星期等表示时间的名词前一般不用冠词 We don’t go to school on Saturday.我们周六不上学。
用法 举例
在称呼或表示官衔、职位的名词前不加冠词 The guards took the American to General Lee.护卫把这个美国人带到李将军那里。
在表示学科、语言、三餐、棋类、球类运动的名词前不加冠词 have breakfast吃早餐
play chess下国际象棋
用法 举例
在and连接的表示由两部分或两种身份组成一个整体中,第二个名词前不用冠词,但如果表示两个人或事物时,每个名词前都要加冠词 a black and white cat一只黑白花猫
a black and a white cat一只黑猫和一只白猫
当by与交通工具连用,表示一种出行方式时,交通工具名词前无冠词,并用单数形式 by bus乘公交车
by train乘火车
用法 举例
当单数可数名词相对应使用时,各名词前不用冠词 day and night日日夜夜
hand in hand手拉手
husband and wife夫妇
名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格等限定词时,其前不加冠词 This is my book.这是我的书。
Here are some apples for you.这是给你的苹果。
续表
用法 举例
man泛指人类时,其前不用冠词 Man can save the earth;man can destroy the earth.人类能拯救地球,也能毁灭地球。
用在某些固定搭配中 at work在上班
on time 准时
【注意】在某些短语中,有定冠词与无定冠词意义不同。常见情况如下:
in class在课堂上 in the class在班上
in front of the room在房间的前面(外部) in the front of the room在房间的前部(内部)
go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed走到床前
in hospital生病住院 in the hospital在医院里
at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁边
by sea乘船 by the sea在海边
go to school去上学 go to the school去学校
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.I usually have lunch with my classmates at school.
A./ B.a C.an D.the
2.My father likes sports.He is good at playing______ basketball.
A.a B.an C.the D./
D
A
3.[2025·天津]Mary usually rides bike to school.Sometimes she also goes by bus.
A.a;/ B./;a
C.the;a D.a;a
4.[2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编]—How time flies! Junior high school days are over.
—Yes,I will miss 3-year happy school life.
A.a B.an C.the D./
C
A
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.52
谢谢观看(共43张PPT)
第二部分 语法专项突破
语法三 连词
考点分析
安徽省2021—2025年中考考点分析
考点 年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
并列连词 — — 完形填空34 — —
从属连词 单项填空28 单项填空28, 完形填空35 单项填空28 单项填空28, 完形填空38 完形填空34
单项填空
1.[2025·安徽]Come on!You’ll discover a new side of yourself you get through all the difficulties.
A.when B.as if
C.unless D.even though
真题再现
A
2.[2024·安徽]—There is still a long way to go we finish the task.
—Don’t worry.Let’s go on with it together.
A.as long as B.as soon as
C.before D.because
C
3.[2023·安徽]Our country will be much better for everyone in future we all do something to help now.
A.if B.before
C.so that D.even though
A
4.[2022·安徽]You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country you go there in person.
A.because B.unless
C.as soon as D.as long as
B
考点梳理
考点一
并列连词
并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词。
连词 用法 例句
and 意为“和;而且”,表示并列或顺承关系,常连接并列的单词、短语或分句 I like playing sports and watching movies.我喜欢运动和看电影。
连词 用法 例句
and 常用于“名词短语/祈使句+and+陈述句”句型 Give me one more hour/One more hour,and I’ll finish the work.再多给我一个小时,我就能完成这项工作。
续表
连词 用法 例句
or 意为“或者”,在肯定句或选择疑问句中连接被选择的对象 We can visit the World Park or the Science Museum.我们可以参观世界公园或科学博物馆。
意为“否则;要不然”,常用于“名词短语/祈使句+or+陈述句”句型 Hurry up,or you’ll be late!快点,否则你会迟到的!
意为“而且”,用在否定句中代替and He didn’t speak loudly or clearly.他说话声音不大,而且也不清晰。
续表
连词 用法 例句
but 意为“但是;然而”,表示转折或对比关系 The plan seems good,but it needs to be tried out.这项计划看起来很好,但它需要试验一下。
so 意为“所以”,表示因果关系,有时可以与并列连词 and一起使用。【注意】在一句话中,because和so不能同时使用 The sky was cloudy,so I took my umbrella with me.天阴
了,所以我带了把雨伞。
连词 用法 例句
for 意为“因为;由于”,表示原因或理由 He must be out,for there is no light in the room.他准是出去了,因为屋里没亮灯。
while 表转折,意为“却;而” The winter in Harbin is cold,while the winter in Sanya is warm.哈尔滨的冬天很冷,而三亚的冬天却很暖和。
连词 用法 例句
both... and... 意为“两者都……”,常用于连接两个并列的名词或代词 Both boys and girls are interested in the new types of smartphones.男孩们和女孩们都对新款智能手机感兴趣。
neither ... nor... 常用于连接两个并列的名词或代词,意为“既不……也不……” He can speak neither Chinese nor English.他既不会说汉语,也不会说英语。
连词 用法 例句
either... or... 常用于连接两个并列的名词或代词,意为“要么……要么……;不是……就是……” Either you or your brother is going to bring your lost camera back.要么你,要么你哥哥去把你们丢失的照相机取回来。
续表
连词 用法 例句
not only ... but (also) ... 用于连接两个并列的成分,着重强调后者,意为“不仅……而且……” Not only you but also he needs this book.不仅你需要这本书,他也需要。
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.[2025·云南]Fast food tastes delicious. eating it too often is bad for your health.
A.Or B.And
C.But D.So
C
2.[2025·北京]Janet has done a lot for us, we want to write her a thank-you letter.
A.or B.but
C.so D.for
3.[原创题]Think twice before posting personal information online, you might put yourself at risk.
A.and B.or
C.so D.but
B
C
4.[2025·江苏扬州] the whole of this article any part of it will be published unless the writer agrees.
A.Either;or B.Neither;nor
C.Not only;but also D.Both;and
B
5.[2025·合肥蜀山区二模]—Fiona,what kind of music do you and your sister prefer
—I prefer pop music my sister enjoys rock music better.
A.if B.because
C.after D.while
D
考点二
从属连词
从属连词是指用以引导从句的连词。以下是常见的从属连词。
1.引导时间状语从句
连词 用法 例句
when 意为“当……时”,既可以与具体的时间点连用,也可以与一段时间连用 When he came back,I was watering some flowers.当他回来时,我正在浇花。
连词 用法 例句
while 意为“在……时;在……期间”,只能与一段时间连用,不能与具体的时间点连用 He asked me a question while I was speaking.我在讲话时,他问了我一个问题。
as 意为“当……时候;随着……;一边……一边……”,可以表示两个动作同时发生 The students were talking as/when the teacher came in.老师进来时,学生们正在讲话。
I sang as I walked.我边走边唱。
连词 用法 例句
until/ till 意为“直到……;到……为止”。until/till用在肯定句中,主句谓语动词通常是延续性动词,表示主句动作直到从句动作发生时才结束;until/till用在否定句中,构成not...until/till...结构,表示主句动作直到从句动作发生时才开始,此时主句谓语动词通常是非延续性动词 I can keep waiting for you until you come back.我可以一直等你,直到你回来为止。
I won’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes.我必须亲眼看到才相信这件事。
连词 用法 例句
since 意为“自从”,常与现在完成时连用 I have lived here since I was eight.我从八岁开始就住在这里了。
续表
连词 用法 例句
before 意为“在……之前” You should remember to turn off the light before you go out.你出门之前要记得把灯关掉。
连词 用法 例句
after 意为“在……之后” After you think it over,please let me know what you decide.在你仔细考虑过之后,请告诉我你的决定。
as soon as 意为“一……就……”,通常情况下,主句用一般将来时时,从句用一般现在时表将来 As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,I will call you.我一到上海就给你打电话。
2.引导条件状语从句
连词 用法 例句
if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时时,从句通常用一般现在时表将来 If it rains tomorrow,we will not go out.如果明天下雨,我们就不出门。
unless 意为“除非”,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来,含有否定意义,相当于if not You cannot go out unless you finish your homework.除非你把家庭作业写完,否则你不能出去。
连词 用法 例句
as long as 意为“只要” We can do this directly as long as we have enough information.只要我们有足够的信息,我们就可以直接做这件事。
once 意为“一旦” It isn’t too difficult once you get the idea.你一旦弄懂了,这件事就没那么难了。
3.引导目的状语从句
连词 用法 例句
so that 意为“为了;以便”,从句中常使用can、could、may、might、will、would、should等情态动词 I must prepare for the tests this time so that I won’t fail again.这次我必须为考试做准备,这样我就不会再不及格了。
in order that 意为“为了;以便”,相当于so that Speak louder in order that everyone can hear you.说大点声,以便让大家都能听见你讲话。
4.引导原因状语从句
连词 用法 例句
because 表示直接原因,一般放在主句的后面,也可放在主句的前面,语气最强 The swimming pool won’t be open today because it needs repairing.游泳池今天不开放,因为它需要维修。
since 表示显然的或已知的理由,意为“既然”,通常放在主句之前 Since everyone is here,let’s begin.既然大家都来了,那我们开始吧。
连词 用法 例句
as 表示一般的因果关系,语气比because弱,引导的原因状语从句通常放在句首,有时也可放在主句的后面 As it is raining,you’d better take a taxi.下雨了,你最好乘出租车。
5.引导结果状语从句
连词 用法 例句
so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”,so后常接形容词或副词 He worked so hard that his boss liked him very much.他工作如此努力,以至于他的老板非常喜欢他。
续表
连词 用法 例句
such ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”,such后接名词(名词前面可以有形容词和冠词修饰) He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.他是个非常聪明的男孩,以至于大家都喜欢他。
当名词前有many、much、few、little等词修饰时,要用so...that...句型,而不能用such...that...句型。但当little作“幼小的”讲时,用such...that...句型。例如:
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤,以至于全身上下青一块紫一块的。
She is such a little girl that she can’t take care of herself.她是个年纪如此小的女孩,以至于她还不能照顾自己。
6.引导让步状语从句
连词 用法 例句
though 意为“尽管”,常用于口语 Though my car is very old,I don’t want to buy a new one.尽管我的车很旧,但是我不想买一辆新的。
although 意为“尽管”,通常用于书面语,语气较强 He was still working in the field,although it rained heavily.尽管雨下得很大,他仍在田里工作。
连词 用法 例句
even if/ though 意为“即使” Even if/though he was late,his teacher was not angry.即使他迟到了,他的老师也没有生气。
however/ no matter how 意为“无论如何” However/No matter how expensive it may be,I’ll take it.无论它有多贵,我都要买下它。
和however类似的可以引导让步状语从句的词:whenever/no matter when“无论何时”、whatever/no matter what“无论什么”、whoever/no matter who“无论谁”等。例如:
Whatever/No matter what you say,I believe you.无论你说什么,我都相信你。
7.引导方式状语从句
连词 用法 例句
as 表示“正如;就像” When in Rome,do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
8.引导比较状语从句
连词 用法 例句
as... as 意为“和……一样”,用于同级比较,用在肯定句中 He works as hard as his brother (does).他工作和他的哥哥一样努力。
not so/ as...as 意为“不如……”,用于同级比较,用在否定句中 He does not work so/as hard as his brother.他工作不如他的哥哥努力。
than 意为“比……”,和形容词或副词的比较级连用 It was much better than I’d expected.这比我预料的要好得多。
9.引导地点状语从句
连词 用法 例句
where 表示“(在)……的地方” Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竟成。
wherever 表示“在任何地方” Wherever she led, they followed. 她领去哪里,他们就跟到哪里。
【效果评估】
单项填空
1.[2025·黑龙江龙东地区改编]—How was your trip last vacation
—It was wonderful.I went to Mount Huangshan.______ you climb Mount Huangshan,you needn’t go to see any other mountain.
A.Once B.Or C.Although D.As
A
2.[2025·江苏扬州]The wind power of our country develops more quickly we push for green energy.
A.though B.before C.as D.until
3.[2025·合肥包河区一模]— it was the first time to put his medical knowledge into practice,he was fairly nervous.
—To our great joy,it turned out that he did it perfectly.
A.Since B.Till C.Unless D.While
A
C
4.[2025·安庆一模]—What do you usually do you finish your homework
—I usually go out for a walk with my parents or read the books that I like.
A.since B.after C.until D.while
B
5.[2025·合肥四十五中三模]—I’m always worried about my math grades.I feel so stressed.
—Take it easy. you keep working hard and ask teachers for help,you’ll surely make progress.
A.As long as B.Even though
C.As soon as D.Ever since
A
配套练习见《数智分层作业》p.51
谢谢观看