Unit 5 Our neighbourhood 单元知识清单 冀教版英语七年级下册

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名称 Unit 5 Our neighbourhood 单元知识清单 冀教版英语七年级下册
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Unit 5 Our Neighbourhood 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. neighbourhood / ne b h d/ n. 社区;街坊(短语:in the neighbourhood 在社区里)
2. street /stri t/ n. 街道(短语:on the street 在街上)
3. avenue / v nju / n. 大道;林荫道
4. supermarket / su p mɑ k t/ n. 超市(短语:go to the supermarket 去超市)
5. bank /b k/ n. 银行(短语:in the bank 在银行里)
6. hospital / h sp tl/ n. 医院(短语:go to hospital 去看病)
7. restaurant / rest r nt/ n. 餐馆;饭店(短语:eat in a restaurant 在餐馆吃饭)
8. library / la br ri/ n. 图书馆(短语:borrow books from the library 从图书馆借书)
9. post office / p st f s/ n. 邮局(短语:send a letter at the post office 在邮局寄信)
10. police station /p li s ste n/ n. 警察局
11. hotel /h tel/ n. 旅馆;酒店
12. cinema / s n m / n. 电影院(短语:go to the cinema 去看电影)
13. park /pɑ k/ n. 公园 v. 停车(短语:in the park 在公园里)
14. corner / k n (r)/ n. 拐角;角落(短语:at the corner 在拐角处)
15. across / kr s/ prep. 穿过;在……对面(短语:across from 在……对面)
16. along / l / prep. 沿着;顺着 adv. 向前
17. turn /t n/ v. 转向;转弯 n. 轮流(短语:turn left/right 向左/右转)
18. left /left/ adj. 左边的 n. 左边 adv. 向左(短语:on the left 在左边)
19. right /ra t/ adj. 右边的 n. 右边 adv. 向右(短语:on the right 在右边)
20. front /fr nt/ n. 前面;正面(短语:in front of 在……前面)
21. behind /b ha nd/ prep. 在……后面
22. between /b twi n/ prep. 在……之间(短语:between...and... 在……和……之间)
23. near /n (r)/ prep. 在……附近 adj. 近的
24. far /fɑ (r)/ adj. 远的(短语:far from 离……远)
25. ask /ɑ sk/ v. 问;请求(短语:ask sb. for help 向某人求助)
26. tell /tel/ v. 告诉;讲述(过去式:told;短语:tell sb. the way 给某人指路)
27. spend /spend/ v. 花费;度过(过去式/过去分词:spent;短语:spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事)
28. enjoy / n d / v. 享受;喜爱(短语:enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事)
29. get /ɡet/ v. 到达;得到(过去式:got;短语:get to 到达)
30. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的(副词:quietly;短语:a quiet neighbourhood 安静的社区)
二、重点短语
1. in the neighbourhood 在社区里
2. across from 在……对面
3. next to 紧挨着;靠近
4. between...and... 在……和……之间
5. in front of 在……(外部)前面
6. in the front of 在……(内部)前面
7. on the left 在左边
8. on the right 在右边
9. turn left 向左转
10. turn right 向右转
11. go along 沿着……走
12. go straight 直走
13. at the first corner 在第一个拐角处
14. ask sb. for help 向某人求助
15. tell sb. the way 给某人指路
16. get to 到达
17. far from 离……远
18. spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事
19. spend money on sth. 在某物上花钱
20. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
21. go to the supermarket 去超市
22. borrow books from the library 从图书馆借书
23. send a letter 寄信
24. eat out 出去吃饭
25. go to the cinema 去看电影
26. take a walk in the park 在公园散步
27. police station 警察局
28. post office 邮局
29. a quiet street 安静的街道
30. a busy avenue 繁忙的大道
三、重点句型
1. —Is there a bank near here —Yes, there is. It’s across from the supermarket.
(—这附近有银行吗?—是的,有。它在超市对面。)
2. —Are there any restaurants in the neighbourhood —No, there aren’t. But there’s a restaurant on the next street.
(—社区里有餐馆吗?—没有。但是下一条街上有一家餐馆。)
3. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the library
(打扰一下,你能告诉我去图书馆的路吗?)
4. Go along this avenue and turn right at the first corner. The library is on your left.
(沿着这条大道走,在第一个拐角处右转。图书馆在你的左边。)
5. My house is between the hospital and the post office.
(我的家在医院和邮局之间。)
6. There is a beautiful park in front of our community centre.
(我们社区中心前面有一个漂亮的公园。)
7. I often spend my weekends reading books in the library.
(我经常在图书馆看书度过周末。)
8. The cinema is far from here. You can take the No. 12 bus to get there.
(电影院离这儿很远。你可以坐12路公交车去那儿。)
9. We enjoy taking a walk along the street after dinner.
(我们喜欢晚饭后沿着街道散步。)
10. —How can I get to the police station —Turn left at the hotel and go straight. You won’t miss it.
(—我怎么去警察局?—在酒店处左转然后直走。你不会错过它的。)
四、重点词汇辨析
1. across & through
词汇 含义与用法 例句
across prep. 从物体表面穿过,常指横穿马路、街道等平面空间 Walk across the street, and you’ll see the supermarket.(穿过这条街,你就能看到超市了。)
through prep. 从物体内部穿过,如森林、隧道、建筑物等立体空间 Go through the park, and you’ll find the library at the end.(穿过公园,你会在尽头找到图书馆。)
2. in front of & in the front of
词汇 含义与用法 例句
in front of 在物体外部的前面,指两个独立物体的位置关系 There is a big tree in front of my house.(我家房子前面有一棵大树。)
in the front of 在物体内部的前面,指同一物体内的位置划分 The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.(老师站在教室的前面。)
3. spend & take
词汇 含义与用法 例句
spend 主语是人,常搭配`spend time/money on sth.`或`spend time/money (in) doing sth.` I spend two hours reading every day.(我每天花两小时看书。) She spends a lot of money on clothes.(她在衣服上花很多钱。)
take 主语通常是it,常用句型`It takes sb. some time to do sth.` It takes me 15 minutes to get to school by bike.(我骑自行车上学要花15分钟。)
4. get to & arrive & reach
词汇 含义与用法 例句
get to 后接地点名词,接home/here/there等副词时省略to When do you get to school every morning (你每天早上什么时候到学校?) Please get home early.(请早点回家。)
arrive 不及物动词,接大地点用in,小地点用at;接副词时不用介词 We arrived in Beijing at 8 o’clock.(我们8点到达北京。) She arrived here yesterday.(她昨天到这儿的。)
reach 及物动词,直接接地点名词或副词 He reached the park before 9 a.m.(他上午9点前到达了公园。)
五、重点语法
1. There be句型的一般现在时(社区场所描述专项)
核心用法:用于描述社区中存在的人或物,遵循就近原则,即be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。
句式强化:
① 肯定句:`There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词`;`There are + 复数可数名词`
例:There is a supermarket in our neighbourhood.(我们社区里有一家超市。)
例:There are many trees along the street.(沿街有很多树。)
② 否定句:在be动词后加not,any用于否定句中代替some
例:There isn’t a cinema near here.(这附近没有电影院。)
例:There aren’t any restaurants on this street.(这条街上没有餐馆。)
③ 一般疑问句:将be动词提前,some变any,肯定回答用`Yes, there is/are.`,否定回答用`No, there isn’t/aren’t.`
例:—Is there a library next to the school —Yes, there is.(—学校旁边有图书馆吗?—是的,有。)
2. 祈使句(问路指路专项)
核心用法:用于表达指路的指令、建议,通常以动词原形开头,可加please增强礼貌性。
句式强化:
① 肯定祈使句:动词原形开头
例:Go along this street and turn left.(沿着这条街走然后左转。)
例:Please take the No. 7 bus to the hospital.(请坐7路公交车去医院。)
② 否定祈使句:`Don’t + 动词原形`开头
例:Don’t turn right at the first corner. The bank is on the left.(不要在第一个拐角处右转,银行在左边。)
③ 礼貌祈使句:`Could you... / Would you please... `用于委婉请求指路
例:Could you tell me how to get to the post office (你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?)
3. 方位介词(社区位置描述专项)
核心用法:用于准确描述人或物在社区中的位置关系,常见介词及搭配如下:
① 表“对面”:`across from`
例:The police station is across from the hotel.(警察局在酒店对面。)
② 表“紧邻”:`next to`
例:My home is next to the supermarket.(我家紧挨着超市。)
③ 表“在两者之间”:`between...and...`
例:The library is between the hospital and the post office.(图书馆在医院和邮局之间。)
④ 表“在……后面”:`behind`
例:There is a small garden behind the restaurant.(餐馆后面有一个小花园。)
六、写作指导(介绍社区/问路指路短文)
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明社区的位置、整体特点,或引出问路的场景 I live in a beautiful neighbourhood called Green Garden. It’s near the city centre. Last Saturday, I wanted to go to the new library, but I didn’t know the way.
主体 描述社区的主要场所及位置,或详细写问路指路的过程:询问对象→得到指引→到达目的地 There is a big supermarket on the main street of our neighbourhood. Next to it is a bank. Every weekend, I go to the park behind my house to take walks. I asked a policeman for help. He told me, “Go along this avenue, turn right at the cinema, and the library is on your left.” I followed his advice and got there soon.
结尾 表达对社区的喜爱,或问路后的感受 I love my neighbourhood because it’s quiet and has everything I need. I learned that it’s always polite to ask for help when you get lost.
2. 范文示例
My Warm Neighbourhood
I live in a warm and lively neighbourhood called Sunny Town. It’s not far from the city centre, so it’s very convenient for us to go anywhere.
There are many useful places in my neighbourhood. On the main street, there is a big supermarket. We can buy all kinds of food and daily things there. Next to the supermarket is a small restaurant. The food there is delicious and cheap, so my family often eats out there. Behind my building, there is a beautiful park with lots of trees and flowers. I usually take a walk with my parents after dinner and sometimes play badminton with my friends there. There is also a library across from the park. I spend my Saturday afternoons reading books there, which makes me very happy.
I love my neighbourhood not only because it has all the places I need, but also because all the neighbours are kind to each other. When someone is in trouble, others will always give a hand. It’s a wonderful place to live, and I feel lucky to be here.
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