2026年人教2012版中考复习-语法专项、非谓语动词讲义练习题（无答案）

一、什么是非谓语动词？
1. 定义：不能单独作谓语的动词形式，不受人称、数、时态的限制。
2. 核心特点：一个句子中，有且只能有1个谓语动词，其他动词就要变成非谓语形式。
3. 三大形式（初中只考这3个）：
- to do（动词不定式）
- doing（动名词 / 现在分词 / v.-ing）
- done（过去分词）
二、怎么判断非谓语用哪种形式？
※第一类： 动词不定式 to do
基本结构：to + 动词原形（否定：not to do）
在句中作何成分：
1. 作主语
It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) + to do sth.
例：It’s important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。
2. 作宾语（跟在动词后）
常见跟不定式的动词有：want / hope / wish / decide / plan / agree / learn / need
例：I want to buy a book. 我想买一本书。
3. 作宾语补足语（告诉/让某人做某事）ask / tell / want / allow / invite / teach
例：My teacher tells me to study hard. 老师告诉我要努力学习。
4. 作定语（放在名词后）
例：I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。
5. 作状语（①表目的：为了…… ②表结果：以至于…… ）
例：I get up early to catch the bus. 我早起是为了赶公交车。
to do 高频Top 10必背动词（中考默写级）
want to do 想要做
hope to do 希望做
decide to do 决定做
plan to do 计划做
try to do 努力做
learn to do 学习做
need to do 需要做
agree to do 同意做
promise to do 承诺做
refuse to do 拒绝做
省略to的不定式（to do 变 do）
1. 使役动词（让/使）
make / let / have + sb. + do（不带to）
例：The boss made me work all day. 老板让我工作了一整天。
2. 感官动词（看/听/感觉）
see / watch / hear / feel + sb. + do（全过程）
例：I saw him enter the room. 我看见他进了房间。
※注意：被动语态要加回to：(但初中一般不会考这么复杂)
例：He was seen to enter the room. 他被看见进了房间。
※第二类： 动词ing / 动名词 / 现在分词
基本结构：动词 + ing（否定：not doing）
在句中作何成分：
1. 作主语
例：Doing exercise is good for you. 做运动对你有好处。
2. 作宾语（跟在只能加doing的动词后）
常见跟v.-ing的动词有：enjoy / finish / practice / mind / keep / miss / avoid / suggest
例：I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书。
3. 作表语
例：My hobby is swimming. 我的爱好是游泳。
v.-ing高频Top 5词组固定搭配（中考默写级）
look forward to doing 期待做
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做/适应于做
pay attention to doing 注意做
be good at doing 擅长做
thank you for doing 感谢做
can’t help doing 情不自禁做
doing 必背动词（只加doing，绝不加to do）
finish doing 完成做
practice doing 练习做
enjoy doing 喜欢做
mind doing 介意做
keep doing 一直 / 坚持做
avoid doing 避免做
suggest doing 建议做
spend time (in) doing 花时间做
※第三类： 既可加to do，又可加doing（中考最大坑点）
1. forget / remember
- forget to do：忘记要去做（未做）
- forget doing：忘记做过（已做）
2. stop
- stop to do：停下来去做另一件事
- stop doing：停止正在做的事
3. try
- try to do：努力/尽力做
- try doing：试着做（试试看）
4. like / love / hate（区别较小，初中常通用，不扣分）
- like to do：偶尔、具体一次喜欢
- like doing：长期、习惯性喜欢
三、初中非谓语一秒判断口诀
1. 先看句子：没有连词的情况下，一个句子中已有谓语，后续动词都变非谓语形式。
2. 想做、要做、去做 → to do
3. 喜欢、完成、练习、介意 → doing
4. 让、使、看、听 → 不带to的do
5. 忘记/记得/停止 → 看未做还是已做
四、中考高频易错总结（必看）
1. to 是介词，后面加 doing：
look forward to doing / pay attention to doing / be/get used to doing
2. ask sb. to do 正确
3. hope sb. to do 错误！只能hope to do / hope + that从句
4. enjoy to do 错误！enjoy doing 正确
5. make sb. to do 错误！make sb. do 正确
非谓语动词对应练习题：
Sarah is good at (speak) English.
Tom,stop (watch) TV and do your homework.
I often help my mom (clean) the house.
Let's go (shop).
I usually spend an hour (finish) my homework.
Let's practice (play) basketball this weekends.
If you finish (do) your work,you can have a rest.
It's a good time (fly) kites in spring.
You look tired,stop (have) a rest.
I want (buy) this dress.
My brother likes (play) football.
I find it difficult (learn) English well.
I'm looking forward to (hear) from you.
My mother asks me (go) shopping with her.
Do you want (play) chess with me
Judy enjoys (listen) to the music.
My teacher always encourages me (speak) English loudly.
Would you mind (open) the windows
My mother often teaches me how (cook).
I don't know what (do) and where (go).
I decide (study) hard.
It's very important for us (protect)environment.
My father is busy (finish) his work.
What about (have) a party
It takes me ten minutes (get) to school.
How about (eat) an ice-cream
Why not (climb) mountains
Why don't you (ask) him for help
You need (see) a doctor.
I'm sorry (hear) the bad news.
Danny's heart was (beat) fast when he stood on the stage for the first time to give a speech.
I regret (tell) you that I won't go with you.
Do you know the boy (name) Jim
I expected her (provide) a clean room for me.
If you work hard,you will end up (pass) all your tests.
My brother stayed up late (watch) a soccer game last night.
My father promises (buy) me a model car if I pass the exam.
Taking care of a kid is not as easy as (look) after a cat.
Children are (suppose) to go to bed early so that their bodies are healthy.
My parents want me (study) hard.
Thank you for (buy) me a sports watch.
Tomas has a healthy (eat) habit.He eats an apple every day.
What do you plan (watch) tonight
I have fun (play) basketball with my classmates after school.
He spent much time (help) us.
My sister hurt her legs badly.The doctor advised her (stay) in bed.
We are looking forward to (organize) a surprise party for our Chinese teacher.
Everyone need clean water (keep) healthy.
As a student, we should try (work) hard.
He can't help (sing) songs, for he is going to study abroad.
Frank couldn’t wait (go) to the concert last night.
Animals that are (lock) in zoos don't feel happy.
It's important for parents (talk) with their children face to face.
She wants (be) a pianist.
After (lose) his arm,he wrote a book.
He used (go) to school by bike,but now he is used to (walk)to school.
Notebooks are (use) to take notes.
We should avoid (make) stupid mistakes.
Can you imagine (climb) Mount Laojun
He keeps on practising (play) the violin.