Unit3 Home and Places语法专项There be句型、方位介词、There be与have,has辨析课件(共29张PPT)北师大英语七年级上册

(共29张PPT)
教学课件
北师大英语七年级上册
Unit3语法专项—— There be句型、方位介词、There be与have/has辨析
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
1.熟练掌握There be句型的肯定、否定、疑问形式及用法，能表达“某地有某物”
2.牢记6个核心方位介词的含义，能精准描述人或物体的位置关系
3.清晰区分There be句型与have/has的用法差异，避免混淆
4.能完成填空、选择、句型转换等多样题型，提升语法综合应用能力
5.结合语境灵活运用句型和介词，构建完整的位置描述表达
语法一：There be句型-核心定义
There be句型用于表达“某地存在某物/某人”，核心是“存在”而非“所属”
基本结构：There + be动词 + 名词 + 地点状语（表“在某地有某物”）
例：There is a park in my town.（我镇上有一个公园。）
例：There are three rooms in the house.（房子里有三个房间。）
注意：be动词的形式由后面的名词单复数决定，遵循“就近原则”
There be句型-肯定形式
肯定形式核心：根据后面名词的单复数选择be动词
1.单数/不可数名词：There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点
例：There is a sofa in the living room.（客厅里有一张沙发。）
2.复数名词：There are + 复数名词 + 地点
例：There are two desks in the classroom.（教室里有两张书桌。）
就近原则：若有多个名词，be动词随最近的名词单复数变化
There be句型-否定形式
否定形式直接在be动词后加not，缩写形式更常用
1.单数/不可数名词：There is not = There isn't
例：There isn't a hospital near here.（这附近没有医院。）
2.复数名词：There are not = There aren't
例：There aren't any shops in this street.（这条街上没有商店。）
注意：否定句中some需改为any
There be句型-疑问形式及回答
疑问形式需将be动词提前，回答简洁且主谓一致
1.单数/不可数名词：Is there + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点？
肯定回答：Yes, there is. 否定回答：No, there isn't.
例：—Is there a sports centre —Yes, there is./No, there isn't.
2.复数名词：Are there + 复数名词 + 地点？
肯定回答：Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there aren't.
例：—Are there any books on the desk —Yes, there are./No, there aren't.
There be句型-就近原则详解
就近原则：当There be后接多个并列名词时，be动词随最近的名词变化
例：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（近的是单数book，用is）
例：There are two pens and a book on the desk.（近的是复数pens，用are）
易混点：不要受后面所有名词的影响，只看“最近”的一个
例：There ________ a cat and three dogs in the yard.（填is）
There be句型-易错点提醒
1.主谓不一致：There are a book on the desk.（正确：There is）
2.否定句漏改some：There isn't some water.（正确：any water）
3.疑问句语序错误：There is a park near here （正确：Is there）
4.回答不一致：—Are there any chairs —Yes, there is.（正确：there are）
5.混淆存在与归属：I have a bed in my room.（表存在，正确：There is）
小练习（一）-There be句型填空
用there is/there are/there isn't/there aren't填空
1.___________ a big tree in front of the house.
2.________________ any milk in the bottle. Let's buy some.
3.________________ three bedrooms and a bathroom in the flat.
4.________________ a small kitchen with a fridge.
5.________________ many students in the classroom now.
There is
There isn't
There are
There is
There aren't
语法二：方位介词-核心定义与分类
方位介词用于描述人或物体之间的位置关系，使表达更精准
核心方位介词（6个）：in（在……里）、on（在……上）、under（在……下）
behind（在……后）、next to（在……旁）、in front of（在……前）
例：The book is on the desk.（明确书的位置在书桌表面）
方位介词需结合实物场景理解，避免死记硬背
方位介词-用法详解（一）in/on/under
in：表示在封闭空间或物体内部
例：The pens are in the schoolbag.（笔在书包内部）
on：表示在物体表面，有接触
例：The clock is on the wall.（钟在墙表面）
under：表示在物体垂直下方，无接触
例：The shoes are under the bed.（鞋在床正下方）
方位介词-用法详解（二）behind/next to/in front of
behind：表示在物体后方，有一定距离
例：The bike is behind the door.（自行车在门后面）
next to：表示在物体紧邻的旁边，无间隔
例：The sofa is next to the table.（沙发在桌子旁边）
in front of：表示在物体外部前方
例：There is a garden in front of the building.（大楼前有个花园）
方位介词-易混点辨析
1.in vs on：内部用in，表面用on（in the box/on the box）
2.in front of vs behind：互为反义词，分别表示前后
3.next to vs near：next to强调“紧邻”，near强调“附近”（范围更广）
例：The shop is near my home.（商店在我家附近，不一定紧邻）
例：The shop is next to my home.（商店就在我家旁边）
小练习（二）-方位介词填空
用in/on/under/behind/next to/in front of填空
1.The bookshelf is ___________ the wall.
2.My keys are ___________ my schoolbag. I can't find them.
3.The dog is ______________ the tree. We can't see it.
4.The library is ______________ the post office. They are very close.
5.There is a big window ______________ the desk.
on
in
behind
next to
in front of
语法三：There be与have/has-核心区别
特征 There be句型 have/has
核心含义 强调“存在”，表“某地有某物” 强调“归属”，表“某人/某物有某物”
句子结构 There + be + 名词 + 地点 主语 + have/has + 宾语
例句 There is a book on the desk. I have a book.
提问方式 Is/Are there... Do/Does...have...
核心区别：There be表“哪里有”，have/has表“谁有”
There be与have/has-用法对比示例
1.表存在（用There be）：There is a computer in my room.（我房间里有一台电脑）
2.表归属（用have）：I have a computer.（我有一台电脑）
3.结合使用（既表归属又表存在）：
I have a bedroom, and there is a big bed in it.
（我有一间卧室，里面有一张大床）
There be与have/has-易错点辨析
1.错误：I have a park near my home.（表存在，正确：There is）
2.错误：There is a new pen to me.（表归属，正确：I have）
3.错误：There has a book on the desk.（There be无has形式，正确：There is）
4.错误：She has a lot of flowers in the garden.（表存在，正确：There are）
记忆口诀：存在用There be，归属用have/has，单复数要记清
小练习（三）-There be与have/has辨析填空
1.My father ___________ a new car. He drives it to work.
2.___________ a big supermarket in our neighbourhood.
3.They ___________ three children. They are all students.
4.___________ any water in the bottle I want to drink some.
5.We ___________ a small garden, and ___________ many flowers in it.
has
There is
have
Is there
have
there are
综合练习（一）-单项选择
1.___________ a bed and two chairs in the bedroom.
A. There is B. There are C. Have
2.The pens are ___________ the pencil-box.
A. on B. in C. under
3.—___________ any shops near here —No, there aren't.
A. Is there B. Are there C. Have you
4.My mother ___________ a beautiful dress.
A. there is B. has C. there are
5.The cat is ___________ the sofa. We can see it easily.
A. behind B. under C. on
A
B
B
B
C
6.___________ any milk in the glass. Let's get some.
A. There isn't B. There aren't C. Hasn't
7.There ___________ three books and a pen on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have
8.—Where is the bank —It's ___________ the post office.
A. in front of B. in C. under
9.—___________ your brother have a new bike —Yes, he does.
A. Is there B. Are there C. Does
10.There ___________ a sports centre in my town. I often go there.
A. is B. are C. isn't
A
B
A
C
A
综合练习（三）-句型转换
1.There is a park in my town.（改为否定句）
2.There are two rooms in the house.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
3.There isn't a hospital near here.（改为肯定句）
4.The books are in the bookshelf.（对划线部分提问）
5.She has a new schoolbag.（改为否定句）
There isn't a park in my town.
Are there two rooms in the house Yes, there are.
There is a hospital near here.
Where are the books
She doesn't have a new schoolbag.
综合练习（四）-用所给词的适当形式填空
1.___________ (there be) a big tree in front of the school.
2.My sister ___________ (have) a lovely cat. It's black.
3.The keys are ___________ (on/in) the drawer. Please open it.
4.___________ (there be) any students in the classroom
5.We ___________ (have) a new house, and ___________ (there be) a garden behind it.
There is
has
in
Are there
have
there is
综合练习（五）-补全对话
A: Hello, Tom! Welcome to my new home.
B: Wow, it's very nice. ___________ a big living room!
A: Thank you. ___________ three bedrooms in my home.
B: Where is your bedroom
A: It's over there. ___________ a desk and a bed in it.
B: Where are your books
A: They are ___________ the bookshelf.
B: Do you ___________ a computer
A: Yes, it's ___________ the desk.
There is
There are
There is
on
have
on
综合练习（六）-短文填空
My name is Lily. I live in a small town. ___________ a park near my home. I often go there to play. My house is not big, but it's clean. ___________ two bedrooms, a living room and a kitchen in it. My bedroom is small. I ___________ a bed, a desk and a chair in it. The desk is ___________ the window. My books are ___________ the desk. The chair is ___________ the desk. I like my room very much.
There is
There are
have
in front of
on
next to
综合练习（七）-判断句子正误
1.There are a book on the desk.（ ）改正：___________
2.The cat is in front of the chair.（ ）改正：___________
3.She have a new schoolbag.（ ）改正：___________
4.There isn't any water in the bottle.（ ）改正：___________
5.The bank is next to the library.（ ）改正：___________
F
There is a book on the desk.
T
F
She has a new schoolbag.
T
T
语法知识总结（一）-There be句型
There be句型表“存在”，核心结构：There + be + 名词 + 地点
1.肯定形式：单数/不可数用there is，复数用there are
2.否定形式：there isn't/there aren't，some变any
3.疑问形式：Is/Are there... 回答：Yes/No, there is/are/isn't/aren't
4.就近原则：be动词随最近的名词单复数变化
5.易错点：主谓一致、否定句some变any、回答一致
语法知识总结（二）-方位介词
6个核心方位介词用法明确，各有侧重：
1.in（内部）、on（表面）、under（下方）
2.behind（后方）、next to（紧邻）、in front of（前方）
3.易混点：in与on、next to与near的区别
4.应用技巧：结合日常场景记忆，多做实物描述练习
方位介词是描述位置的关键，需灵活运用
语法知识总结（三）-There be与have/has辨析
句型 含义 结构
There be 某地有某物（存在） There + be + 名词 + 地点
have/has 某人有某物（归属） 主语 + have/has + 宾语
易错点：不要混淆存在与归属，避免交叉使用
两者可结合使用，既表归属又表存在
核心区别：存在用There be，归属用have/has
教学课件
Unit3语法专项—— There be句型、方位介词、There be与have/has辨析
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