高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二讲推理判断题课件

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推理判断是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的梳理和细节的推敲，作出一定的判断和推理，从而理解文章的深层含义的过程。推理判断题主要考查考生分析上下文逻辑关系的能力以及综合推理能力。题目所涉及的内容可能是某几句话，要求考生不仅理解字面内容，更要梳理信息间的隐含联系，通过批判性思维和逻辑推导，挖掘文本的未尽之意。纵观近几年高考真题，推断隐含信息、观点态度、写作意图为高频考点，而推断文章出处/类型、读者对象、后续内容和写作手法为低频考点。
【题型特点】　隐含信息推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。只有正确把握文章的内在联系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。
【图解技巧】
【典例1】　(2025·全国一卷阅读C)
Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously，a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion“New York as a decent place to live，and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people，among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through，but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
30.What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A.They boosted the sales of cars.
B.They turned out largely ineffective.
C.They won government support.
D.They advocated building new parks.
[自主解答]　______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s。
第二步　寻信息句：定位选文第一段最后一句和第二段第一句。
第三步　比对答案和信息句：20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的这些抗议活动在很大程度上是无效的。
B
【题型特点】　此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。设问方式主要有：What is the author's attitude toward...？；What does the author think of...？；How does the author find...？等。
|温馨提示|
近三年高考卷中出现的这类含有前缀的关键词还有oversampled，imperfect，unnecessary，unexpected，reconsider，unhurt，unavoidable，uneventful，unfortunate，uncomfortable，unafraid，misbehave，unwanted，unaccompanied等。
观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者或文中人物的这种思想倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词或副词。
|温馨提示|
支持、肯定 favorable赞同的，有利的；positive积极的，肯定的；approving赞成的；reasonable合理的；enthusiastic热情的
反对、否定 disapproving不赞成的；impractical不切实际的；prejudiced有成见的；critical批评的；negative否定的
中立、客观 objective客观的；neutral中立的；indifferent漠然的；unconcerned漠不关心的
【图解技巧】
【典例2】　(2025·浙江1月卷阅读B)
I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive，they do make better decisions.“Feeding is a long game，”says Markey.“The food you have available makes a huge difference.Even if they don't eat it，they're seeing it.And then all of a sudden it clicks.”
27.What does the author think of the strategies she has been following
A.Costly.　　　　　 B.Complex.
C.Workable. D.Contradictory.
[自主解答]　______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：题干中的关键词为think of the strategies。
第二步　寻信息句：选文中的画线句。
第三步　比对答案和信息句：选文中的“they do make better decisions”表明，她遵循的这些策略是有效果的。
C
【典例3】　(2024·全国甲卷阅读C)
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation.For 10 months every year，the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks，before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).Then it starts all over again the next month.Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train's equipment allows for basic check-ups.“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
31.What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful.
C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.
[自主解答]　______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services。
第二步　寻信息句：选文中的画线句。
第三步　比对答案和信息句：
关键信息1：形容词impressed，说明Ducke对医生和他们的助手的工作印象深刻。
关键信息2：形容词little和focused and very concerned，说明医生和助手虽然住在如此狭小的空间里，但仍然保持专注和关切。
关键信息3：形容词the best，说明他们服务很好。
归纳人物态度：综合以上分析可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务是赞赏的。
A
1
【题型特点】　各种话题的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的/意图。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。设问方式主要有：What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？；What is the purpose of this text？；What is the author's purpose in mentioning...？；What is the purpose of...mentioned in paragraph...？等。
【图解技巧】
【典例4】　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D)
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future，and this is where AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
In the wrong hands，such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design，AI is already super-smart and will become more capable，moving from the current generation of“narrow-AI”to Artificial General Intelligence.From there，Campbell says，will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking，followed by global regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it.
35.What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To recommend a book on AI.
B.To give a brief account of AI history.
C.To clarify the definition of AI.
D.To honor an outstanding AI expert.
[自主解答]　______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为purpose in writing the text。
第二步　寻信息句：选文中的画线句。
A
第三步　比对答案和信息句：
Para.1：总体介绍了一本书《人工智能设计：与人工智能共同生活的计划》。
Para.2：介绍了这本书的作者的背景和写作特点。
Paras.3－4：概述了这本书的主要论点及其意义。
Para.5：总结全文，再次强烈推荐这本关于人工智能的书籍。
【题型特点】　一般来讲，文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和内容来推断，题干中常出现“taken from，come from，part，section”等词(组)。
【图解技巧】
【典例5】　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C)
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world ...
In this“book of books，”artworks are selected and arranged...
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智)，wealth or faith of the subject...
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated...a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line”activity.
28.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.
[自主解答] ______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：题干关键词为taken from。
第二步　寻信息句：选文中的画线句。
第三步　比对答案和信息句：根据原文的首尾段和中间各段的首句可知，本文是关于一本书的介绍。再根据文章的语言风格可判断，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。
A
【典例6】　(2022·全国乙卷阅读B)
In 1916，two girls of wealthy families，best friends from Auburn，N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead，Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted：The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden，who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
...
In Wickenden's book，she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism，which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads，which entailed(牵涉) drilling through the Rockies，often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff，on her horse，looking down from a hill top：“When the sun slipped behind the mountains，it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals：foxes，coyotes，mice，and varying hares，which turned white in the winter.”
27.What is the text
A.A news report.　　 B.A book review.
C.A children's story. D.A diary entry.
[自主解答]　______
[思路点拨]　第一步　找关键词：What is the text。
第二步　寻信息句：选文中的画线句。
第三步　比对答案和信息句：本文简要介绍了Wickenden写的一部书的内容，并对其进行了评价，所以是一篇书评。
B
A
(2025·江西萍乡三模)In 2023，an appeal by actress Joanna Lumley to free the UK's 50 caged elephants was turned down by the CEO of Chester Zoo.He claimed that modern zoos are“enlightened”places，a million miles away from how they were half a century ago，and crucial to conservation.
Is he right We should perhaps start by pointing out what he does not say: that elephants do suffer in zoos.It is hard to avoid the fact that these places still make animals miserable，particularly large and intelligent ones.Elephants，big cats and primates clearly do not enjoy captivity (圈养).
Even airy modern enclosures decorated with grassy slopes and pretty vines cannot hope to provide exactly the same natural surroundings.Animals pace，rock and scratch themselves，and often die young.A surprising number of zoo animals are on psychoactive drugs.In 2000，a survey of North American zoos found that almost half were giving their gorillas drugs to help them cope with their boring lives.
Defenders of modern zoos tend to say that these animals' sad lives serve a higher cause.At the price of one caged elephant，we can save many more in the wild，and meanwhile nurture generations of animal lovers，who might one day become conservationists themselves.
But will zoos inspire people to become conservationists Unlikely.After all，conservation is rooted in the philosophy that we do not have a natural domination over other species，or the right to use them as we will.But zoos are built on the opposing principle—that of humans as consumers，animals to be consumed.
“Adults take children to the zoo to show them the originals of their soft toy reproductions，”wrote John Berger.It is where they go to learn that animals are not fellow creatures but things.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代动物园不能为动物提供适宜的生存环境，动物园违背了教育作用。
1.What does the CEO of Chester Zoo think of modern zoos
A.They are prisons for animals.
B.They are habitable for animals.
C.They are too remote for animals to live.
D.They are unchanged from 50 years ago.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He claimed that modern zoos are‘enlightened’places...and crucial to conservation.”可知，切斯特动物园的CEO认为现代动物园适合动物居住。故选B。
2.Why does the author mention the drug use phenomenon in zoos
A.To prove zoo animals' suffering.
B.To criticize the management.
C.To imitate natural ecosystems.
D.To highlight animals' carefree lives.
解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Animals pace，rock and scratch themselves，and often die young...were giving their gorillas drugs to help them cope with their boring lives.”可推知，作者提到动物园中使用药物的现象是为了证明动物园动物的痛苦。故选A。
3.How does the author defend his view according to paragraph 5
A.By listing zoo success stories.
B.By emphasizing animal freedom.
C.By quoting expert opinions.
D.By comparing conflicting values.
解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段“But will zoos inspire people to become conservationists Unlikely.After all...But zoos are built on the opposing principle—that of humans as consumers，animals to be consumed.”可知，作者在第五段中通过比较相互冲突的价值观来捍卫自己的观点。故选D。
4.What can be implied from the text
A.Zoos strengthen family bonds.
B.Zoos enhance wildlife conservation.
C.Zoos go against the educational role.
D.Zoos weaken humans' domination over animals.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，成年人带孩子去动物园，孩子们在那里了解到的是，动物不是同类，而是事物，由此可以暗示，动物园违背了教育作用。故选C。
B
(2025·河北邢台二模)For humans，aging is unavoidable.But axolotls (蝾螈)，those cute smiling animals of pop culture fame，seemingly avoid this fate to a point.
In a phenomenon called“neoteny”，axolotls never outgrow their initial stage，looking like oversize babies as adults.Not only do they look youthful，with feathery structures and distinctive characteristics，but these critically endangered Mexican species also experience few physical declines and diseases，and they can regenerate their limbs，tails，and even other organs over their 21-year lifespan.For that reason，human-bred axolotls，which are a light pink in color，are common research subjects for biologists，who have long been fascinated by their ability to fight aging.
Now，a new study reveals one more mystery about these curious creatures.Their bodies stop one of the key mechanisms of aging — the epigenetic clock (表观遗传时钟)—when they're just four years old.An epigenetic clock estimates an animal's age based on how life events，such as stress or diet，turns its genes on and off.If an animal has experienced a lot of physical and mental pain，for instance，its epigenetic or biological age，could be much older than its real age.
The findings could be one more step in the long quest to discover effective anti-aging treatments for humans，such as reducing inflammation (炎症)，according to the study published on bioRxiv，a website where studies are posted without peer review.Chasing youth is a popular goal: The anti-aging market，valued at $40 billion，is estimated to hit $60 billion by 2032.What's more，understanding axolotl genetics could inspire medicines for regenerating cells，muscles，or maybe even arms and legs.
“It is a great leap forward in aging and regeneration，”says James Godwin，an immunologist at the MDI Biological Laboratory in Maine who was not involved in the new study.“If the mechanisms can be understood，then many opportunities to improve human health could present themselves.”
The study team examined 180 axolotls from four weeks to 21 years of age.Hopefully，research on large scales is in store for future dedicated scientists.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现蝾螈的身体在四岁时就停止了衰老的一个关键机制——表观遗传时钟，这一发现可能使人类在寻找有效的抗衰老治疗方法的长期探索中又迈出了一步。
5.What is a feature of axolotls due to “neoteny”？
A.They experience rapid aging.
B.They have a higher risk of disease.
C.They maintain a young appearance.
D.They undergo a few dramatic body changes.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“In a phenomenon called ‘neoteny’，axolotls never outgrow their initial stage，looking like oversize babies as adults.Not only do they look youthful”可知，由于“幼态持续”，蝾螈保持着年轻的外表，故选C。
6.Which factor of an animal can affect its epigenetic clock
A.Its size. B.Its color.
C.Its habitat. D.Its suffering.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“An epigenetic clock estimates an animal's age based on how life events...could be much older than its real age.”可知，动物遭受的痛苦会影响它的表观遗传时钟，故选D。
7.What does James Godwin think of the study
A.It is thorough.
B.It is promising.
C.It is one-sided.
D.It is misunderstood.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，James Godwin认为这项研究可能会提供许多改善人类健康的机会，所以他认为这项研究很有前途，故选B。
8.What field does the text mainly cover
A.Diet. B.Finance.
C.Psychology. D.Biology.
解析　D　推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Now，a new study reveals one more mystery about these curious creatures...when they're just four years old.”可知，文章主要讲述一项研究发现，蝾螈的身体在四岁时就停止了衰老的一个关键机制——表观遗传时钟，这一发现可能使人类在寻找有效的抗衰老治疗方法的长期探索中又迈出了一步。关键词是衰老和遗传基因，所以文章涉及生物学领域。
A篇 核心
单词 1.crucial adj.至关重要的
2.conservation n.(对自然环境的)保护
3.miserable adj.痛苦的；悲惨的
4.domination n.支配；控制
5.opposing adj.相反的
核心
短语 1.turn down拒绝
2.a million miles away from...
与……截然不同
3.cope with 应对；处理
4.be rooted in植根于，源于
B篇 核心
单词 1.cute adj.可爱的
2.distinctive adj.独特的，与众不同的
3.quest n.寻求，探求
熟词
生义 1.decline (生) n.衰退；(熟) n.下降 v.谢绝
2.present (生) vt.提供(机会)；(熟)vt.呈现
核心
短语 1.on large scales大规模地
2.in store for 即将到来
长难句
分析 Not only do they look youthful，with feathery structures and distinctive characteristics，but these critically endangered Mexican species also experience few physical declines and diseases，and they can regenerate their limbs，tails，and even other organs over their 21-year lifespan.
分析：本句为Not only...but also...连接的并列结构，with feathery structures and distinctive characteristics为插入语。
译文：它们不仅外表年轻，拥有羽状结构和独特特征，这种极度濒危的墨西哥物种还几乎不经历生理衰退和疾病，并能在21年的寿命中再生四肢、尾巴甚至其他器官。
A
(2025·陕西高考适应性检测)Jayne Fisher watched anxiously as her 17-year-old daughter Katie pulled her unruly lamb into the arena (竞技场) of the Madison County Junior Livestock Sale.With luck，Katie wouldn't collapse，as she had during a livestock show the day before.
Katie was battling cancer.This was her first chance in months to be outdoors having fun，away from hospitals and chemotherapy treatments，and she had come with high hopes for earning some sizable spending money.She had hesitated a little about her decision to part with the lamb，but with lamb averaging two dollars a pound，Katie was looking forward to a lot more than pocket money.So she centered the lamb for viewing，and the bidding began.
That's when Roger Wilson，the auctioneer，had a sudden inspiration that brought some unexpected results.“We sort of let folks know that Katie had a situation that wasn't too pleasant，” was how he told it.He hoped that his introduction would push the bidding up，at least a little bit.
Well，the lamb sold for $11.50 a pound，but things didn't stop there.The buyer paid up，then decided to give the lamb back so that it could be sold again.
That started a chain reaction，with families buying the animal and giving it back，over and over again.When local businesses started buying and returning，the earnings really began to pile up.The first sale was the only one Katie's mom remembered.After that，she was crying too hard as the crowd kept shouting，“Resell！Resell！”
Katie's lamb was sold 36 times that day，and the last buyer gave it back for good.Katie ended up with more than $16，000 for a fund to pay her medical expenses—and she still got to keep her famous lamb.It is one of the most beautiful compensations of this life that no man can sincerely try to help another without helping himself.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。与癌症作斗争的Katie在一次家畜销售活动中售卖自己的小羊，期待挣得一大笔零花钱。拍卖人将Katie的情况告知了买主们，希望可以提高出价。买主们购买然后送回小羊，最终小羊被卖了36次，Katie获得了超过16 000美元的资金来支付她的医疗费用，而且她还保留了她的小羊。
1.What can we infer from paragraph 2
A.Katie pulled the lamb to the livestock show to have fun.
B.Katie was actually a bit unwilling to sell her lamb.
C.Katie collected money by showing the lamb in the arena.
D.Katie got enough money for her chemotherapy treatment.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段的“She had hesitated a little about her decision to part with the lamb”可知，对于是否要卖掉小羊，Katie曾有些犹豫。由此可知，Katie 其实有点不愿意卖掉她的小羊。故选B。
2.What kind of person is Roger Wilson according to the text
A.Friendly and inspiring.
B.Smart and generous.
C.Helpful and sympathetic.
D.Hospitable and respected.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段的“We sort of let folks know that Katie had a situation that wasn't too pleasant”和“He hoped that his introduction would push the bidding up，at least a little bit.”可知，Roger Wilson想让人们知道Katie遭遇了不好的情况，希望他的介绍可以提高人们的出价。由此可推知，Roger Wilson乐于助人且有同情心。故选C。
3.Which one is the correct order of the story
a.Katie went to sell her lamb.
b.Katie kept her lamb.
c.The lamb was resold for many times.
d.Katie got a cancer.
e.Katie raised money for her treatment.
A.d-a-c-e-b　　　 B.d-a-b-e-c
C.b-e-c-d-a D.a-d-e-b-c
解析　A　细节理解题。第二段首句“Katie was battling cancer.”表明Katie正在与癌症作斗争；第二段尾句“So she centered the lamb for viewing，and the bidding began.”表明Katie要售卖自己的小羊；第四段的“The buyer paid up，then decided to give the lamb back so that it could be sold again.”和第五段的“That started a chain reaction，with families buying the animal and giving it back，over and over again.”表明小羊被多次转卖；第六段的“Katie's lamb was sold 36 times that day...she still got to keep her famous lamb.”讲小羊被卖了36次，最后的买家把它永久地还了回来，Katie最终获得了超过16 000美元的资金来支付她的医疗费用，而且她还保留了她的那只小羊。故选A。
4.What life lesson can we learn from the story
A.Think twice before acting.
B.Rescuers save themselves.
C.Diligence redeems stupidity.
D.Many hands make light work.
解析　D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文描述了人们通过多次购买并送回小羊的行为，帮助 Katie筹集资金来支付癌症治疗费用的故事，展示了集体努力的力量，故选D项“众人拾柴火焰高”。
核心
单词 unruly adj.难以控制(或管理)的，难以驾驭的　livestock n.牲畜，家畜　collapse v.(尤指因病重而)倒下，昏倒；(突然)倒塌，坍塌　average v.平均为；计算出……的平均数　bidding n.(尤指拍卖中的)出价，喊价；投标
核心
短语 spending money零花钱，零用钱　part with sth (不情愿地)放弃(某物)，舍弃(某物)　pocket money零花钱，零用钱　sort of 有几分，有那么一点　pay up付清　chain reaction (相关事件的)连锁反应，链式反应 pile up堆积，积聚　for good永远
B
(2025·太原学业诊断)Shannon Brescher Shea's nine-year-old son struggled with focus and following directions at home and at school.But after riding his bike，whether around the park or to school，he felt obviously calmer.“We call it moving meditation (冥想)，”says Shea，who is a family biking advocate and author in Maryland.“We saw how incredibly helpful biking was for his focus，emotional regulation and ability to follow directions.”
This experience isn't unique.Research consistently shows that physical activity contributes to improving mental health.“Exercise，no matter your age，is the single best thing you can do for every organ in your body，including your brain，” says Allan Reiss，a professor and director of the Division of Interdisciplinary of Brain Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine.
And while any exercise helps，a growing body of research shows bicycling is among the activities that might provide even more of a mental health boost.Scientists aren't yet sure why，but it might have something to do with all the functional skills cyclists use.“You need to maintain your balance and process a lot of information from your environment，like deciding whether you can squeeze past a tree or how hard you need to brake，”says Reiss.“Most importantly，you've got to coordinate (协调)，sense，process，integrate，regulate，and continually make decisions.”
According to Reiss，“Research suggests that physical activity like cycling likely encourages new cell growth in areas of the brain linked to memory and problem-solving，and can support stronger connections between neurons (神经元)，ultimately impacting memory and learning.”
Luckily，it's not too hard to get on a bike for most people.You should focus on the fun.To ensure riders don't get tired too quickly (or too bored)，build in a fun stop rather than make the ride the single focus.Self-paced exploration and adventure are key to the ride.The benefits of cycling can multiply when it becomes a social project.In neighborhoods where bike lanes or other safe-to-ride pathways exist，organizing a group ride with friends might be just the ticket to less stressed，more relaxed individuals.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，骑自行车可能是更能促进心理健康的活动之一，文章分析了其原因，并给出了让骑自行车变得更有趣的建议。
5.What does the author want to stress using Shea's son's example
A.The advantage of regular physical exercise.
B.The positive effect of riding on mental health.
C.The importance of leading a relaxing lifestyle.
D.Possibilities that any disease can be cured.
解析　B　推理判断题。第一段第一句讲Shea的儿子在家和学校都很难集中注意力，也很难听从指示，接着But表示转折，强调在骑完自行车后，Shea的儿子明显感到平静多了。再结合第一段最后一句可知，骑自行车对Shea的儿子的注意力、情绪调节和听从指示的能力有很大帮助。由此可知，作者使用Shea的儿子的例子是为了强调骑自行车对心理健康的积极影响。故选B。
6.Why does cycling boost mental health more according to Reiss
A.It needs better integrated coordination abilities.
B.Its outdoor exposure helps improve the mood state.
C.It needs repetitive movement to help calm the mind.
D.Its sense of freedom and exploration helps mind grow.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段Reiss说的话可知，Reiss认为骑自行车的人需要保持平衡，处理来自环境的大量信息，最重要的是，骑自行车的人必须协调、感知、处理、整合、调节，并不断做出决定。由此可知，骑自行车需要更好的综合协调能力。故选A。
7.What is the function of the quoted statement in paragraph 4
A.Presenting experiments. B.Explaining concepts.
C.Providing evidence. D.Offering suggestions.
解析　C　推理判断题。第四段的引语提到，研究表明，像骑自行车这样的体育活动可能会促进大脑中与记忆和解决问题有关的区域的新细胞生长，并能支持神经元之间更强的联系，最终影响记忆和学习。第三段的“a growing body of research shows bicycling is among the activities that might provide even more of a mental health boost”提到，越来越多的研究表明，骑自行车可能是更能促进心理健康的活动之一。由此可知，第四段引语从科学研究的角度分析了骑自行车为什么会促进心理健康，为上文的研究结果提供证据。故选C。
8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Cycling with partners is recommended.
B.Nonstop cycling makes the most of the ride.
C.Purchasing tickets for a group ride is essential.
D.Bike lane construction is promoted by communities.
解析　A　推理判断题。最后一段的“The benefits of cycling can multiply when it becomes a social project...more relaxed individuals.”表明，当骑自行车成为一项社会项目时，它的好处会成倍增加，在有自行车道或其他安全骑行路径的社区里，组织一次和朋友一起的集体骑行可能正是所需要的，可以让人感到更放松。由此可知，作者建议与小伙伴一起骑自行车。故选A。
核心
单词 advocate n.拥护者；支持者；提倡者v.拥护；支持；提倡　unique adj.独特的，罕见的；独一无二的　consistently adv.一直地；连续地　boost n.激励；提高v.使增长，使兴旺
maintain v.维持，保持　process v.处理(信息)　squeeze v.(使)挤入，挤过，塞入　integrate v.(使)合并，成为一体　problem-solving n.解决问题　multiply v.成倍增加；乘，乘以
核心
短语 a body of...大量的……　have sth to do with同……有关　be linked to sth与……有关　build in将……设计在内，融入　be just the ticket正是所需要的东西
C
(2025·湖北十一校第一次联考)In these days of electronic everything，you'd think that most businesses wouldn't be using paper cheques (支票) any more.In fact，for most businesses，paper cheques are still a thing.As many as one in three business deals are paid this way and 81% of firms in the US are still using paper cheques to settle some of their bills.
Stop the eye-rolling because，yeah，we know electronic payments are quicker to make，authorise and complete，and they're easier to track and report.They save paper and are good for the environment.They're more secure，efficient and cost less.They can be made and approved from anywhere.A growing number of businesses not only prefer electronic payments，but are requiring customers to do this.Even Microsoft recently announced that it would no longer accept paper cheques from its partners.
But still...I'm going to miss the paper cheque.I've always enjoyed the circumstance of the biweekly cheque run and the grandest part is the final approval evidenced by the ultimate proof of authority：the signature.Some of my clients take delight in the opportunity to examine and sign every cheque because there's no better example of power than this.Paper cheques are not only a written form of contracts favoured by firms throughout history but also a form of marketing where companies can proudly display their logos.They are clear evidence of stability and reliability.
Unfortunately，the writing is on the wall for the paper cheque.And that makes me sad.According to the Small Business Administration，the majority of small business owners are over the age of 50.We grew up with Swanson TV Dinners，hockey without helmets (头盔) and appointed smoking sections in airplanes.We'll retire and younger generations will bury us along with our chequebooks.
We know this will unavoidably change.For now，many businesses in the US are still relying on paper cheques to pay.Yes，they're inefficient and costlier.But please be patient.Allow me to have this one little enjoyment while it lasts.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。电子支付有诸多好处，越来越多的企业不仅喜欢电子支付，而且还要求客户使用电子支付。尽管电子支付日益普及，但纸质支票因其历史和情感价值仍被一些企业和个人所偏好。
9.What phenomenon does the author describe in paragraph 1
A.Doing business is increasingly difficult.
B.Everything is going electronic in the US.
C.Paper cheques are still in use in business.
D.Most American firms fail to pay the bills.
解析　C　细节理解题。第一段讲“在一切都是电子化的今天，你可能会认为大多数企业不会再使用纸质支票了。事实上，对大多数企业来说，纸质支票仍然是一种重要的东西。多达三分之一的商业交易是以这种方式支付的，美国81%的公司仍在使用纸质支票来结算部分账单”。由此可知，第一段描述的现象是纸质支票在商业中仍在使用。故选C。
10.What does Microsoft's decision indicate
A.The growing trend of shifting to electronic payments.
B.The change in forms of cooperation in big companies.
C.The potential comeback of paper cheques in the market.
D.The popularity of electronic payments among customers.
解析　A　推理判断题。第二段讲电子支付的进行、授权和完成速度更快，而且更容易去跟踪和报告，它们节省纸张，对环境友好，更安全、更高效且成本更低，它们可以在任何地方被制作和批准，越来越多的企业不仅喜欢电子支付，而且要求客户也使用电子支付。接着作者以微软为例，表明其最近宣布将不再接受合作伙伴的纸质支票，借此来说明电子支付日益普及。故选A。
11.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A.Defend his preference.
B.Introduce a new concept.
C.Call for readers' support.
D.Promote an old tradition.
解析　A　推理判断题。第三段中的“But still...I'm going to miss the paper cheque.”表明尽管电子支付越来越普及，但作者想念纸质支票。接下来作者列举了一系列自己喜欢纸质支票的原因，如客户可以借助纸质支票来彰显权力，公司可以在纸质支票上展示自己的标志来营销自己，纸质支票是稳定和可靠的明显证据。由此可推知，作者是在为自己对纸质支票的喜爱进行辩护。故选A。
12.Why does the author mention Swanson TV Dinners and hockey without helmets
A.To emphasize the outdated nature of past trends.
B.To show his attachment to old-school practices.
C.To stress his resistance to technological changes.
D.To suggest the reliability of traditional methods.
解析　B　推理判断题。 第四段前两句表明纸质支票终将被淘汰，作者对此感到伤心，接着作者讲，大多数小企业主年龄在50岁以上，是伴随Swanson TV Dinners和不戴头盔的曲棍球等旧派事物长大的，支票簿将随着这些人的退休而被年轻一代埋葬。由此可知，作者提及Swanson TV Dinners和不戴头盔的曲棍球是为了表达对纸质支票终将被淘汰的伤心，彰显自己对旧派事物的依恋。故选B。
核心
单词 electronic adj.电子的，电子器件的；电子设备的　eye-rolling n.翻白眼(通常因为恼火、不相信或不赞成)　track v.(尤指用特殊电子设备)跟踪，追踪　biweekly adj.两周一次的；一周两次的　evidence v.证明，表明 n.证明，证据　signature n.签名，署名　contract n.合同，合约，契约　costly adj.花钱多的，昂贵的，价钱高的
熟词
生义 settle (Para.1)常用义：v.结束(争论)，和解；定居；确定，安排好　文章义：v.结清，结算
核心
短语 take delight in (doing) sth以(做)某事为乐
A
(2025·湖北三地市质检)I switched to a flip phone (翻盖手机).It vastly improved my life.I felt empty and frustrated at how much time I spent on my smartphone.So I spent the last five years steadily stripping my phone down to the basics.Social media was the first to go，then email，then news apps，and then even the Internet browsers.
I long considered switching to a flip phone，but I always found an excuse to stay.Ultimately it was two of my students，15- and 18-year-old sisters，who pushed me over the edge.Word spread around school that they had bought flip phones.If they were brave enough to take the plunge，I could，too.I spent $9 on a flip phone，plus $120 for a year of unlimited talk and text on a new number.For the last five months，I haven't carried a smartphone with me，just my flip phone.
This is the charming，romantic side of owning a flip phone：more conversations，more eye contact，more connection.The separation between work and life is much more noticeable.I don't overthink work emails all day，since I no longer carry my work email in my pocket.I am living more like my creative，curious，phone-free children.
This all sounds wonderful because it is wonderful.And now it's confession time：I still have my smartphone.As it turns out，our addiction to smartphones is not just on an individual level.Intentionally or not，we have built structures that depend upon smartphone access，making it an essential feature of modern life.While most of the flip phone inconveniences are charming，some of them are so frustrating that they make you want to pull your hair out.
Despite that，I will continue to use a flip phone as my primary phone so I don't have to carry a smartphone with me.And I will continue to evangelize for it.I hope many others get flip phones.We will all be better for it.If nothing else，it'll be nice to have more people to talk to in the grocery line.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者改用翻盖手机后生活得到极大改善并描述了改用翻盖手机的原因、好处以及与智能手机相比，使用翻盖手机的不便，并总结将继续使用翻盖手机作为自己的主要手机，还建议更多人能使用翻盖手机。
1.What drove the author to switch to a flip phone
A.Disturbance of social media.
B.Time overspent on his smartphone.
C.Inspiration from his students.
D.Negative feelings to smartphones.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ultimately it was two of my students...I could，too.”可知，是作者的两个学生推动作者下定决心换成翻盖手机。故选C。
2.What happened after the author used a flip phone
A.He got less work assignments.
B.He had more interaction with people.
C.He spent more time with his children.
D.He lived a more romantic life.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，使用翻盖手机的好处是有更多谈话、更多眼神交流和更多的联系。由此可知，使用翻盖手机后，作者与人们有了更多的交流。故选B。
3.Why is it difficult to stop using smartphones completely nowadays
A.They serve as a vital tool.
B.They make people overthink.
C.They represent the modern life.
D.They bring people much profit.
解析　A　推理判断题。 根据第四段的“Intentionally or not，we have built structures that depend upon smartphone access，making it an essential feature of modern life.”可知，无论有意与否，人们已经建立了依赖智能手机访问的结构，使其成为现代生活的基本特征，即在现代社会，智能手机是人们生活中必不可少的一部分，是一个极其重要的工具。故选A。
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To advise readers to use a flip phone.
B.To advocate living without a smartphone.
C.To inform readers of a flip phone's advantages.
D.To stress the disadvantages of having a smartphone.
解析　A　写作意图题。结合全文，尤其是最后一段的“And I will continue to evangelize for it.I hope many others get flip phones.”可知，作者改用翻盖手机后生活得到极大改善。虽然翻盖手机有诸多不便，但作者会继续使用翻盖手机作为自己的主要手机，并将继续为它宣传，作者希望更多人能使用翻盖手机。由此可知，作者写作本文的目的是建议读者使用翻盖手机。故选A。
核心
单词 vastly adv.非常，极大地　steadily adv.稳步地，稳定地；沉稳地，镇定地　strip v.除去，剥去；脱光衣服 n.(纸、金属、织物等)条，带；(陆地、海域等)狭长地带　charming adj.迷人的，有魅力的，有吸引力的　overthink v.过度思虑，考虑时间过长　essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的；最基本的，本质的
熟词
生义 (1)empty (Para.1)常用义：adj.空的　文章义：adj.空虚的，无意义的
(2)word (Para.2)常用义：n.单词，字　文章义：n.信息，消息
核心
短语 push sb over the edge推动，促使(达到某程度或状态)　take the plunge (尤指经过长时间思考之后)决定奋力一搏，决定冒险一试　eye contact对视，目光接触　pull one's hair out (尤因不知怎么办而)极其绝望，(因焦急、愤怒而)撕扯自己的头发
B
(2025·长沙新高考适应性考试)Artificial intelligence — or AI — is the computer code that allows a machine to do something that normally requires a human brain.On Blog，for instance，AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be those you'd prefer.But before AI can do any of that，developers must train it.And the training consumes energy.
AI training is powered mostly by fossil fuels，according to one of the largest studies of its kind.Less than 25 percent of AI uses low-carbon energy sources such as hydroelectricity and nuclear power during training.In fact，researchers now worry that training's appetite for energy could soon become a huge problem.The energy to develop AI comes out of the electrical net.And in most parts of the world，making electricity emits (排放) carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air.
Language-processing AI systems learn by devouring (吞食) texts in a particular language.This might include “reading” everything ever published online in some language，including libraries full of old books that have been digitalized.Such data-intensive training uses a lot of energy.To translate between English and Chinese，for example，an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of translated books and articles.In this way，it learns which words and phrases match.Later，when given a new text，it recommends its own translation.
In 2019，researchers calculated the impact of developing the AI model named Transformer.It released a massive 626，000 pounds of carbon dioxide.That's equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked.
Today，most AI development happens at data centers.These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent of US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use.Some AI experts have sounded an alarm about the threat these energy giants pose.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。人工智能给人们的生活带来了很多便利，但是开发人工智能需要消耗大量能源，会向空气中排放二氧化碳和其他温室气体。
5.What is AI training mainly energized by
A.Fossil fuels.　　 B.Solar energy.
C.Nuclear energy. D.Greenhouse gases.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AI training is powered mostly by fossil fuels”可知，人工智能训练主要由化石燃料提供动力。故选A。
6.What do we know about the language-processing AI systems
A.They process limited texts.
B.They will replace translators.
C.They seldom read digital books.
D.They are energy-consuming.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Language-processing AI systems learn...a lot of energy.”可知，语言处理人工智能系统通过吞食特定语言的文本来学习。这可能包括“阅读”网上用某种语言出版的所有东西，包括涵盖了已数字化旧书的系列丛书。这种数据密集型训练需要消耗大量能源。故选D。
7.Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4
A.To highlight its significance.
B.To speak highly of AI's power.
C.To demonstrate researchers' creativity.
D.To stress its effect on the environment.
解析　D　写作意图题。根据第四段的内容可知，2019年，研究人员推测了开发名为Transformer的人工智能模型的影响。它释放了626 000磅的二氧化碳，这相当于五辆美国汽车从制造到报废所排放的温室气体。提到Transformer是为了强调它对环境的影响。故选D。
8.What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A.AI's development poses a threat to data centers.
B.The energy consumption of AI can't be ignored.
C.AI is effectively transforming the way we learn.
D.People should take action to reduce gas emissions.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，大多数人工智能开发都在数据中心进行。这些充满电脑的建筑占美国用电量的2%，占全球用电量的1%。一些人工智能专家对这些能源巨头构成的威胁发出了警告。由此可推断，人工智能的能耗是不容忽视的。故选B。
核心
单词 artificial adj.人工的，人造的；假的　intelligence n.智力，才智，智慧　consume v.消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)　appetite n.强烈欲望；食欲，胃口　digitalize v.(使数据)数字化　calculate v.推测，计算
impact n.巨大影响，强大作用　release v.释放，放出，放走
熟词
生义 sound (Para.5) 常用义：n.声音，响声　文章义：v.鸣警报，拉响警报，发出警报
核心
短语 deal with处理；应对　be equal to 相等，等于　account for占比，占据
C
(2025·武汉调研)To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin's songs，families sit in the crowd at the hall of Horace Mann Middle School here. They are waiting，slightly anxious. These families are participating in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark.
The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice(学徒) teachers. Lawyers，hair stylists，and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about. Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.
Nationally，some 30 percent of US high school students drop out.“While improved curricula(课程)，better teaching，and modern equipment may be part of the solution，you have to have the relevance，” says Mr Balme about his Spark program.
The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship，the other of success and prosperity (繁荣)—hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia. He was also studying at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.
The public school was in bad shape，with a high dropout rate. While walking back to the Wharton School，Balme realized he was “seeing all these resources，and yet those kids had no idea what was right there all around them”. That's when everything fell into place. The problem and the solution were right next to each other. In 2004，he and Melia Dicker founded Spark.
Apprenticeships are “not rocket science”，says Holly Depatie，Spark's board chair. But other coaching programs，such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America，while pairing youngsters with adults，don't specifically target learning about jobs. So far，Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。为了解决教育资源不平衡的问题，Spark 项目通过将学生与志愿者学徒教师配对，提供工作场所经历，帮助经济上处于不利地位的青少年接触不同职业，减少辍学率。
9.How does Spark help the students
A.By updating teaching equipment.
B.By offering hands-on experiences.
C.By financing young apprentices.
D.By improving school curricula.
解析　B　细节理解题。 根据第二段内容尤其是其中的“Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences... probably only imagined.”可知，Spark项目通过将经济上处于不利地位的青少年与他们感兴趣的行业联系起来，提供工作场所的经历。因此，Spark通过提供实际的工作经历来帮助学生。
10.What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark
A.The dropout rate of US high schools.
B.The prosperity in famous universities.
C.The expectation of disadvantaged teens.
D.The imbalance in educational resources.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship，the other of success and prosperity (繁荣)—hit Balme”和第五段首句可知，教育资源的不平衡促使他和 Melia Dicker在2004年创立了 Spark。因此，教育资源的不平衡是 Balme 创立 Spark 的主要动力。D项的imbalance与文中的gap为同义转换。
11.Which word best describes Balme
A.Reserved. B.Grateful.
C.Observant. D.Modest.
解析　C　推理判断题。文章中提到，Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师时，注意到了学校资源匮乏和学生辍学率高的问题。他通过观察周围环境，意识到学生们不知道周围的资源。这种敏锐的观察力促使他创立了Spark。
12.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A.To show Spark's distinction.
B.To justify similar programs.
C.To tackle Spark's challenge.
D.To criticize current situations.
解析　A　写作意图题。最后一段提到，Spark的学徒计划与其他类似的辅导计划不同，因为Spark专门针对职业学习，而其他计划虽然也将年轻人与成年人配对，但不特别针对职业学习。因此，作者的目的是展示Spark的独特之处。
核心单词 dynamic adj.(事物) 有活力的；动态的　occupation n. 职业　economically adv. 经济地，在经济上　disadvantaged adj. 条件差的，弱势的　nationally adv.全国性地relevance n. 相关性　hardship n. 艰难，困苦
specifically adv. 特意，专门地；明确地，具体地
熟词生义 pair (Para.2) 常用义：n.一对，一双 文章义：v.使成对，配对
核心短语 meet up with 与(某人)会面　drop out 辍学　in bad shape 状况不佳　fall into place 明朗化，变得清晰
难句分析 Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. (Para.2)
分析：本句为主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 experiences，从句中they have...imagined 为省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词 a world。
译文：Spark 学徒期提供了工作场所经历，让经济状况不佳的青少年接触到一个他们可能只想象过的世界。
A
(2025·长春第一次质检)“Turn off，tune out and drop in.” That's the message to customers at a Dutch digital detox (脱瘾治疗) cafe who are paying for the privilege of leaving their phones at the door.The Offline Club，which began life in Amsterdam，offers an oasis (乐土) of calm and pause from the constant digital busyness of life lived through the black glass of a smartphone.It creates moments of quiet reflection，and encourages conversations with strangers instead of endless keyboard arguments hammered out 280 characters at a time.
With board games，a piano and books on hand，the idea is to swap recharging your device for refilling your soul，even for just a few hours.Aided by words spreading on social media，the club has already branched out to multiple cities across the Netherlands，and is now ready for an international launch.
“People love it：they tell us this is exactly what they've been waiting for; they can't believe it didn't exist already，” says co-founder Ilya Kneppelhout.“A girl called Belinda who struggled with stress and anxiety told us she hadn't felt so at peace with herself in a year and a half.”
Customers switch between time to themselves and time to connect.“People don't just pay to get rid of their phones—they're also paying to meet others，” says Kneppelhout.“We live in quite an isolated world where we're more connected online，but in the physical world，it's hard to meet people.”
He's already had a group of digital downtime followers in the UK，where Georgina Sturmer，who has worked with clients experiencing over-dependence on phones，points out another benefit of a switched-off society.“We are constantly at risk of having every word or image captured and shared，” she says.“This sense of being endlessly photographed is something that has come with these devices being in our lives so much.Wouldn't it be great to feel safe knowing it doesn't matter if we're having a bad hair day，or don't really like our outfit？”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。为了鼓励人们戒除电子产品瘾，多与陌生人进行面对面交流，荷兰人发明了数字戒瘾咖啡馆。这种咖啡馆效果明显，受到越来越多人的青睐。
1.What can we know about the Dutch digital detox cafe
A.It is the first cafe in Amsterdam.
B.The interaction among people is advocated.
C.Only black smartphones are allowed there.
D.Customers have to type 280 characters non-stop.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“encourages conversations with strangers instead of endless keyboard arguments hammered out 280 characters at a time”可知，该咖啡馆鼓励与陌生人交谈，而不是无休止的键盘争论。故选B。
2.How did the cafe become more and more popular
A.By media's advertising.
B.By netizens' commenting online.
C.By employees' handing out leaflets.
D.By customers' word-of-mouth promoting.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Aided by words spreading on social media...the Netherlands”可知，在社交媒体上人们的话语的宣传下，这家俱乐部已经扩展到荷兰多个城市。所以它是通过社交媒体上人们的评论而变得越来越受欢迎的。故选B。
3.Why is Belinda mentioned in the third paragraph
A.To show the effect of the cafe.
B.To explain the cause of her anxiety.
C.To stress the seriousness of her situation.
D.To introduce the problem of modern people.
解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A girl called Belinda...she hadn't felt so at peace with herself in a year and a half.”可知，Belinda一直在与压力和焦虑作斗争，但在最近一年半的时间里从未如此平静过，即咖啡馆对她产生了积极效果。故选A。
4.What is Georgina Sturmer's attitude towards the cafe
A.Ambiguous.　　　 B.Concerned.
C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.
解析　C　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段尤其是其中的“points out another benefit of a switched-off society”可知，Georgina Sturmer认为咖啡馆能带来好处。故选C。
核心单词 privilege n.特权；优惠待遇
constant adj.连续发生的，不断的，重复的
multiple adj.数量多的，多种多样的　launch n.(事件的)发起；(产品的)上市　switch v.交换，调换，转换，对调　client n.客户　capture v.拍摄，录制，绘制
核心短语 swap...for...用……换取……　branch out朝新的方向拓展　get rid of摆脱；消除
B
(2025·陕西高考适应性检测)The Amur leopard is a leopard subspecies that has adapted to the East Asian environment near the Amur River，which runs through eastern Russia and along the northern border of China.Because of human activities such as mining，logging，road building，population growth，and poaching，the Amur leopard population dropped substantially in the 1970s.In the years since，conservation efforts have increased the population to be around 40 individuals in China and 70 in Russia.However，the effects of climate change are worsening the threats that this critically endangered species faces.
Amur leopards live in coniferous-deciduous (松柏科落叶) forests，where they rarely share territory and hunt alone for small animals.Although much of their habitat is now designated as national parks，rising temperatures and dry conditions driven by climate change have led to increased fires that—combined with human activities and landscape fragmentation—have reduced the leopards' territory and increased infant death rates.The spread of wildfires and increased temperatures have increased deforestation.Together with increased hunting of deer and wild boars by humans，this ecosystem degradation has led to reduced ungulate prey and more competition between Amur leopards and Amur tigers.As a result，the predators invade villages and prey upon livestock，increasing human-wildlife conflict and the likelihood that leopards will be killed or injured.
Climate change has also increased the Amur leopard's vulnerability to disease.Increased temperatures，humidity，and frequency and intensity of extreme weather events have reshaped interactions between species，facilitating the spread of viruses.Cross-species transmission of disease has increased by an estimated 4000-fold.Amur leopards have contracted the potentially deadly virus as well as the highly infective virus.
To protect Amur leopards from extinction，future demographic (人口统计的) models should include climate change-driven wildfires，interspecies competition，human conflicts，and infectious diseases when predicting population declines.Conservation responses，including vaccination programs，should take these factors into account.Together，these efforts would ease off the risk of Amur leopard extinction.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。气候变化的影响正在加剧极度濒危的远东豹面临的威胁，文章具体分析了其原因，并给出了保护建议。
5.What is the main cause of Amur leopards' population drop in the 1970s
A.Human activities.
B.Climate change.
C.Interspecies competition.
D.Increased infant death rates.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Because of human activities...the Amur leopard population dropped substantially in the 1970s.”可知，20世纪70年代远东豹数量大幅下降的主要原因是人类活动。故选A。
6.What does the underlined word “deforestation” in paragraph 2 mean
A.The destruction of forests.
B.The protection of forests.
C.The extinction of forests.
D.The growth of forests.
解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The spread of wildfires and increased temperatures”并结合常识可知，野火的蔓延和温度的升高会加剧森林毁坏，故A项与画线词意思最接近。
7.What can we infer from paragraph 3
A.Increased temperatures cause cross-species transmission.
B.Some Amur leopards died of extreme weather events.
C.Climate change makes the Amur leopard easier to get sick.
D.The viruses have increased by an estimated 4000-fold.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Climate change has also increased the Amur leopard's vulnerability to disease.”可知，气候变化增加了远东豹易患病的特性。故选C。
8.What is the author's attitude to the future of the Amur leopard
A.Doubtful. B.Hopeful.
C.Disappointed. D.Cautious.
解析　B　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为这些努力将降低远东豹灭绝的风险。由此可推知，作者对远东豹的未来抱有希望。故选B。
核心
单词 subspecies n.(动植物的)亚种　substantially adv.非常，大大地；基本上，大体上，总的来说　territory n.(兽类、鸟类等的)领地，领域；领土，版图　habitat n.(动植物的)生活环境，(动物的)栖息地　degradation n.退化，恶化　likelihood n.可能(性)　facilitate v.促进，促使，使便利　virus n.病毒　potentially adv.潜在地，可能地　deadly adj.(可能)致命的，致死的
熟词
生义 contract (Para.3)常用义：n.合同，合约，契约v.与……订立合同(或契约)　文章义：v.感染(疾病)，得(病)
核心
短语 be designated as...被定为……　prey upon捕食　take sth into account考虑到某事物，把某事物考虑进去　ease off 减轻
C
(2025·湖北三地市质检)The oak tree has been in southern England continuously for 12，000 years.But does it have a future
By 2050，London's weather could resemble that of Barcelona，with long stretches of summer drought.These ancient trees were not designed to thrive in such conditions.Around the world，millions of creatures facing unprecedented temperatures and habitat loss are on the move.
We do not tend to think of trees as migratory：They are slow-growing and rooted to the ground.Faced with this problem，the ecologist Charlie Gardner is one of a growing number of scientists proposing a radical，controversial solution：We help the trees on their march.Some scientists advocate moving individual species hundreds of kilometres north，within the country and from abroad.Others say entire ecosystems should be translocated，moving multiple species at once.
The “assisted migration” is divisive.Conservationists have long argued against introducing non-native species.They have concerns about unintended consequences of assisted migration.“Large-scale moving of ecosystems can't be undone (撤销)，so should be very much a last choice，” said Andrew Allen from the Woodland Trust.Allen believes we should prioritise helping native trees adapt to changes by encouraging natural regeneration，expanding and connecting existing woodlands.
But others say those arguments fail to deal with speed or size of change caused by the climate crisis.“Earlier in my career，the narrative was all about restoring past baselines，and then，as I got more independent in my research，I realised that's impossible.We are changing the climate so much，so we have to be a little more inventive.When we have examples of assisted migration，it's often with species which are absolutely on the edge of extinction and have run out of other options，” said Sarah Dalrymple，a conservation ecologist from Liverpool John Moores University，who is part of the task force.She wants to see assisted migration explored earlier，working with species before their populations become so small.“You can never get rid of all the risks，but there is also risk in inaction，” she said.“The risk of inaction is increasing every day.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。面对极端天气和栖息地丧失，古树的未来会怎样？越来越多的科学家提出了一个激进的、有争议的解决方案，即辅助迁移，人们对此意见不一。
9.What problem are ancient trees in London facing
A.Long summer. B.Habitat destruction.
C.Extreme weather. D.Slow growth.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“By 2050，London's weather could resemble that of Barcelona，with long stretches of summer drought.”可知，到2050年，伦敦的天气可能会像巴塞罗那一样，夏季干旱会持续很长时间。由此可知，伦敦的古树面临的问题是极端天气，故选C。
10.Which of the following statements may Andrew Allen agree with
A.Large-scale moving of ecosystems is impossible.
B.Assisted migration may contribute to bad results.
C.Non-native species are beneficial to ecosystems.
D.Native species can survive changes by themselves.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据第四段的“Large-scale moving of ecosystems can't be undone (撤销)，so should be very much a last choice”可知，Andrew Allen认为大规模的生态系统迁移是不可逆转的，所以应该是最后的选择。由此可推断，Andrew Allen认为辅助迁移可能会产生不好的结果，故选B。
11.What does Sarah Dalrymple urge people to do in the last paragraph
A.Stop changing the climate.
B.Have more options to help species.
C.Help native trees to adapt to climate changes.
D.Take action earlier to prevent species' extinction.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“She wants to see...become so small.”可知，Sarah Dalrymple希望能更早地探索辅助迁移，在物种数量变得很少之前就开始研究，即Sarah Dalrymple建议人们尽早采取行动防止物种灭绝，故选D。
12.What might be the author's attitude towards assisted migration
A.Supportive. B.Cautious.
C.Objective. D.Doubtful.
解析　C　观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者只是列举了不同科学家对辅助迁移的观点，并未发表自己的看法，故作者对辅助迁移持客观的态度，故选C。
核心
单词 resemble v.看起来像；显得像　thrive v.兴旺，欣欣向荣，茁壮成长　unprecedented adj.前所未有的，空前的，没有先例的　propose v.提议，建议　radical adj.根本的，彻底的；激进的　controversial adj.引起争论的，有争议的　translocate v.使……移位　divisive adj.造成不和的，导致分裂的　non-native adj.非本地的，引进的，移植的　unintended adj.非计划的；无意的，无心的　prioritise v.优先处理　baseline n.(尤指医学或科学中的)基线，准线　inventive adj.有创造力的，善于创新的　inaction n.(人)无行动，没反应
熟词
生义 stretch (Para.2)常用义：v.(使)变大，(使)变松，拉长；伸开，伸展(肢体)　文章义：n.连续的一段时间
核心
短语 be on the move在迁移，在行进；忙碌，活跃；在发展变化，在改进　run out of用尽　task force特别小组
A
(2025·四川第一次联合诊断性考试)
Become an English Teacher with Babylangues in Paris!
Do you speak English well Are you looking for a part-time job in Paris Join Babylangues as an English teacher and gain valuable experience!
Job Information：
·Position：English Teacher
·Location：Paris and other cities in France
·Pay：14.10－ 23.50 per hour
·Type：Part-time
What You Will Do：
As a teacher，you will help children learn English through daily activities.You will：
·Pick them up from school
·Play games with them in the park
·Read stories to them
These fun activities help children learn English naturally.You will teach them new words and help them speak better.The goal is to make learning English enjoyable and easy for the children.
Benefits：
·Flexible hours that fit your schedule
·Ongoing training to help you teach well
·Good pay with a possible travel bonus
·Free French classes to learn the local language
·Experience French culture by living with a local family
·Meet new friends from other countries
·Help with living in France
·A stable part-time job contract
·Some travel costs paid back
·Gain practical teaching experience
How to Apply：
If you want to join，apply online at Babylangues Application or send us an email.We are excited to have you with us!
Join Babylangues and enjoy the rewarding experience of teaching English while living in France.It is a great opportunity to improve your teaching skills and explore a new culture!
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Babylangues 招聘兼职英语教师及其工作内容、薪资、福利和申请方式。
1.What are you expected to do as a teacher at Babylangues
A.Send children to school.
B.Have fun with colleagues.
C.Help children with their oral English.
D.Organize story writing contests.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据What You Will Do部分的“You will teach them new words and help them speak better.”可知，Babylangues的老师需要教孩子新的单词，帮助他们更好地说英语。故选C。
2.Which of the following is one benefit from Babylangues
A.Continuous training support.
B.Fixed working hours.
C.Cheap French classes.
D.Free company accommodation.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据Benefits部分的“Ongoing training to help you teach well”可知，Babylangues提供持续的工作培训。故选A。
3.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.A career guide.
B.A company brochure.
C.An educational course.
D.An online job advertisement.
解析　D　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一则招聘教师的广告，主要介绍了工作信息、职位要求、工作福利和申请方式。尤其是How to Apply部分提到了“If you want to join，apply online at Babylangues Application or send us an email.”，符合在线招聘广告的特征。故选D。
核心
单词 position n.职位，职务　flexible adj.灵活的，可变通的　ongoing adj.持续进行的，不断发展的　stable adj.稳定的，稳固的；牢固的　explore v.探讨，探究；探险，考察，勘查
B
(2025·江西联考)A new initiative by North American and European airports helps reduce stress for travellers with invisible disabilities such as dementia，Alzheimer's disease，brain injuries，autism and mild cognitive impairment.Sunflower lanyards (挂绳) are issued to identify travellers with memory or sensory needs.Quiet rooms，noise cancelling headphones and assistance by airline staff are all part of the programme at some airports.
First introduced at London's Gatwick Airport in 2016，the discreet lanyards are available for passengers with invisible disabilities to help identify people who may need extra help or additional time to complete a task while travelling.How did the program start The Air Carrier Access Act，which Congress passed in 1986，specifically addresses airlines' treatment of people with disabilities.Among the provisions are making it illegal to discriminate against travellers because of a disability and providing assistance with boarding，deplaning and making connecting flights.
The purpose of the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Program is to help people with hidden disabilities have confidence to travel independently，knowing that they will receive the support that they may need at every stage of their journey—from arriving at the terminal，boarding the flight，during the flight to reaching their destination.
Since 2016 when the Sunflower was launched at Gatwick，thousands of businesses across a wide range of sectors have joined the global Sunflower network—ranging from retail and travel to tourism.Transportation isn't just limited to airports either，with railway networks，coach