高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第一讲紧扣主题语境，巧解完形语义课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第一讲紧扣主题语境，巧解完形语义课件 |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 19.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-17 00:00:00 | ||
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(共66张PPT)
完形填空是高考英语试卷中一种测试考生语言水平和语言实际运用能力的综合性题型，主要考查考生的两种能力：1.阅读理解能力，包括对句子内部结构和意义的理解，对句子之间(上下文)关系的理解，对文章整体的理解等；2.综合运用英语语言知识的能力，包括语法知识、习惯用语、词汇的使用和辨析等。要求考生具备扎实的词汇、语法知识，并且能够灵活运用语言知识、文化背景知识和生活常识，通过文章的行文逻辑厘清语篇中的线索。
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2025 全国一卷 记叙文 人与自我 搬家前处理物品 258 7 6 2 0 0
全国二卷 记叙文 人与自我 一位奶奶的健身之路 217 8 4 2 1 0
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2024 新课标
Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 选择适合自己的目标 233 5 8 1 1 0
新课标
Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 在意大利定居 227 5 9 1 0 0
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2023 新课标
Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 帮助受伤参赛者 226 8 5 2 0 0
新课标
Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 飞行员帮助运送宠物 209 3 7 4 1 0
主题语境 包含三大主题语境，人与自我、人与自然及人与社会，以人与自我主题居多
文章特点 体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，偶尔考查说明文和议论文；遵循“文章内容体现生活化”的原则，传递正能量
命题方式 文章词数200～250；首句不设空；四个选项语法形式一致，A、B、C、D的答案个数均等或大致均等
命题原则 体现“突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，侧重考查考生在语篇中对词汇上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合运用能力，进而提升考生的思维能力
考查特征 主要考查实词(名词、动词、形容词及副词)；综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力，包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力
在以“立德树人”为价值引领的高考指引下，“主题语境”意识在解答完形填空时愈发重要。只有把握了语篇的主旨大意，才能确保思考方向不跑偏。同样，围绕主题语境这条主线，对选项进行语域性的甄别筛选，不失为一种快捷的解题渠道。在解题时，可抓住4种类型的语域词判定选项。下面以2025年浙江1月卷完形填空为例进行讲解。
【技法概览】
主题语境下的话题词是指该类主题语篇中最常使用的词汇，是阐述语篇内容的骨干支撑词汇，这些骨干词汇形成一定的语域而服务于语篇主题。考生在解答完形填空时可以根据文章主题调动语域内的话题词来确定答案。
【典例1】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
Ribeiro 44.charges 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.For Ribeiro，it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food， 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
45.A.pursuing B.choosing
C.discussing D.changing
46.A.passing on B.trying out
C.going over D.taking down
[自主解答] 45.______ 46.______
[思路点拨] 本文的主题语域围绕“烹饪爱好、举办晚餐派对、分享食物热情”展开，核心话题词包括 cooking，hobby，recipes，dinner parties，food，share 等。
45.这个平台是她“追求”(pursuing)“买食物、尝试新食谱、举办派对”这一爱好的载体。“choosing (选择)，discussing (讨论)，changing (改变)”均不符合“爱好的持续实践”语境。
46.“new recipes”搭配“trying out”(尝试)最合理，体现烹饪中对新食谱的实践；passing on (传递)，going over (复习)，taking down (记下)与“爱好”的主动实践无关。
A
B
【技法概览】
主题语境下的语义场是指完形填空语篇中的某一部分语义相关的句子，它们在故事线索或细微的故事场景上具有很强的逻辑性和关联性。因此，考生可以通过调用语义场词汇来确定相关问题的正确答案。文中多个段落形成独立语义场，可通过语义关联锁定选项。
【典例2】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom，as
50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 ，the menu is known in advance，and the meal is expected to be no 52 .
50.A.opposed B.related
C.subject D.vital
51.A.invaluable B.impersonal
C.unsuitable D.unprofessional
52.A.surprise B.end
C.need D.problem
[自主解答] 50._____ 51._____ 52._____
[思路点拨] 第50～52题属于一个语义场，讲述了这个平台派对与餐馆的不同。
50.这个平台派对“自由”与餐馆模式“相反”(opposed to)。“related (相关的)，subject (易受……影响的)，vital (极其重要的)”均不体现对比关系。
A
B
A
51.餐馆服务通常标准化、缺乏个性，即“不考虑个人需要的”(impersonal)，与她的私人派对形成对比。“invaluable(极珍贵的)，unsuitable (不合适的)，unprofessional (不专业的)”均不符合语境。
52.餐馆菜单提前确定，用餐过程“没有惊喜”(surprise)，与平台派对的灵活性形成对比。“end (结束)，need (需要)，problem (问题)”均不符合语境。
【技法概览】
完形填空的文体多为记叙文，文章一般是按照“事件的发生→发展→结果(感悟)”这一脉络展开。关注发展脉络有助于快速确定正确选项。
【典例3】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
A few months ago，the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use.She signed up on the website Bookalokal，and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42.A.hobby B.energy
C.education D.money
43.A.coworkers B.students
C.relatives D.strangers
[自主解答] 42._____ 43.______
[思路点拨]
42.下文明确提到她的“hobby of buying food...holding dinner parties”(见典例1)，故此处指“用好自己的爱好”(hobby)。“energy (精力)，education (教育)，money (钱)”均非核心。
43.通过“website Bookalokal”平台参与派对的应是“陌生人”(strangers)。“coworkers (同事)，students (学生)，relatives (亲戚)”无需通过网站预约。
A
D
【技法概览】
“价值引领”是高考命题的核心功能之一，立德树人、以文化人是教育的使命和担当。通过语篇阅读、文化浸润让学生树立正确的价值观是高考命题选材之“要”。对于有关文章主旨、主题类题目，可从文章反映出的“价值观”角度快速准确判定选项。
【典例4】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
“But it's also a great 53 ，for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event，”Ribeiro said.“This platform is not only 55.reserved for professional cooks，but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
53.A.lesson B.pleasure
C.success D.challenge
54.A.celebrate B.record
C.attend D.organise
[自主解答] 53._____ 54._____
[思路点拨] 本文传递“追求爱好、灵活创新、分享与社交”的价值观，可通过价值导向确定选项。
53.这个平台带来自由的同时，也有“挑战”，这体现“自我实现需要付出努力”的价值观。“lesson (教训)，pleasure (乐趣)，success(成功)”均不匹配“需要时间筹备”的语境。
54.因为“组织”(organise)一次活动可能需要几天。“celebrate(庆祝)，record(记录)，attend (参加)”不符合“筹备活动”的动作。
D
D
A
Ryan Brazil is reminding us that a simple lesson can sometimes be the most powerful.As a fourth-grade teacher, she is 1 for educating her students on a variety of subjects.When her students 2 that her choices didn't always seem “fair”， she took a moment to 3 .After some thought, she was able to provide them with an insightful lesson on the true meaning of “fairness”.
4 ， she asked if anyone could explain the word “fair”.Several students 5 their hands，but the one who was chosen 6 it as being “equal”.From there，Ryan asked two students to fetch an item for her, which was placed on a 7 shelf.As a result，the two students had different 8 in completing the task.The taller student was able to reach the item by jumping，while the shorter student needed a 9 to help.
By selecting both a tall and a short student，Ryan effectively 10 the concept of additional support.While it technically seemed “unfair” that the tall student didn't have a chair to stand on，it was what the short student 11 to complete the task.
Through this simple activity, Ryan 12 the difference between equality(everyone gets the same resources) and equity(公平)(everyone gets 13 resources based on what they need to be 14 ).Although this concept can be 15 ，she explained it in a way that her fourth graders could understand.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。Ryan Brazil老师通过一节简单的课让学生明白了公平的含义。
1.A.lucky B.grateful
C.regretful D.responsible
解析 D 根据上文中的“a fourth-grade teacher”和下文中的“educating her students on a variety of subjects”可知， Ryan负责教学生各种科目。
2.A.inquired B.expressed
C.determined D.recommended
解析 B 根据下文中的“her choices didn't always seem ‘fair’”可知，学生表达了他们的想法。
3.A.measure B.engage
C.reflect D.finish
解析 C 根据下文中的“After some thought”可知，Ryan思考了学生提出的问题，reflect和thought构成同义复现。
4.A.To kick things off B.To make matters worse
C.To be frank D.To sum up
解析 A 这一段介绍Ryan的这节课：首先，她问是否有人能解释“公平”这个词。To kick things off意为“首先”，符合语境。
5.A.held B.raised
C.showed D.shook
答案 B
6.A.pictured B.presented
C.defined D.indicated
解析 C 根据上文中的“she asked if anyone could explain the word ‘fair’”可知，Ryan提了一个问题，几个学生举起了手。被选中的学生将“公平”定义为“平等”。defined与explain构成同义复现。
7.A.bottom B.moving
C.high D.rocky
解析 C 根据下文中的jumping和chair可知，待取的物品被放在高高的架子上。
8.A.characters B.opinions
C.interests D.experiences
解析 D 根据下文中的“The taller student was able to reach the item by jumping，while the shorter student needed a...to help.”可推断，两个身高不同的学生在完成取物的任务时，会有不同的经历。
9.A.chair B.shelf
C.guide D.stick
解析 A 根据下文中的“the tall student didn't have a chair to stand on”可知，为了完成任务，矮个子的学生需要借助椅子。
10.A.examined B.illustrated
C.combined D.released
解析 B 根据上文中的“By selecting both a tall and a short student”及“effectively”可知，Ryan用一个简单的任务很好地说明了额外帮助的概念。
11.A.agreed B.needed
C.benefited D.understood
解析 B 矮个子的学生需要椅子才能完成任务。
12.A.addressed B.reviewed
C.clarified D.confirmed
解析 C 通过这个简单的活动，Ryan阐明了平等和公平之间的区别。
13.A.different B.natural
C.sustainable D.inner
答案 A
14.A.appropriate B.ambitious
C.similar D.successful
解析 D 平等指的是每个人都获得相同的资源；公平指的是为了成功，每个人根据自己的需要获得不同的资源。different 与same构成反义同现。
15.A.crucial B.complete
C.contrary D.complex
解析 D 虽然这个概念可能很复杂，但她以四年级学生可以理解的方式解释了这一点。 complex与文章首句中的simple构成反义同现。
B
(2025·江西南昌二模)While her classmates played sports，Meenah Sukasem，12，spent her time building a business.As the CEO of Bkrafts，she creates handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a 1 for crafting (手工)，”she said.
Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a 2 .Hearing her ambition，many people around her held a deep disbelief that a child of her age couldn‘t 3 . it.However，she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal.In October，she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some 4 businessmen teach students business skills.“I entered knowing nothing about business but 5 as a businessman，”she recalled.YEA！，established in 2004，helps 6 students develop ideas，conduct research，learn from the seniors，and build their businesses.Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah's growth：“She was quiet at first but 7 the organization in the end.It's totally beyond expectation.”
Later，Meenah attended a competition where she 8 her program to investors，and they were in favor of it.She was entitled“the Local Star” and 9 to the semi-final in New York.“Though I didn't reach the final，meeting new people was invaluable，”she said.
With the support of investors，Meenah 10 founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products.She balances school and business， 11 her creations at youth markets.Her 12 inspires peers，proving that 13 is no barrier to success.
“Success is not just about winning any 14 awards in a race，”Meenah shared.“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by 15 social prejudice against success at a young age.”
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的Meenah Sukasem凭借对手工的热爱，创立了自己的公司，挑战了社会对成功的偏见。
1. A.passion B.point
C.reason D.rule
解析 A 根据下文“Meenah started crafting at nine”可知，Meenah从9岁开始做手工，说明她对手工制作很有热情。
2. A.habit B.tradition
C.deal D.career
解析 D 根据上文“While her classmates played sports，Meenah Sukasem...creates handmade headbands and bracelets.”可知，她把爱好变成了事业，成立了公司。
3. A.take B.get
C.make D.grasp
解析 C 根据上文“held a deep disbelief”可知，周围的人都怀疑她不能成功，make it表示“取得成功”。
4. A.determined B.experienced
C.excited D.satisfied
解析 B 根据下文“businessmen teach students business skills”可知，学院里一些经验丰富的商人教授学生商业技能。
5. A.left B.worked
C.failed D.pretended
解析 A 上文“I entered knowing nothing about business but”中与entered对应的是left，即刚进大学时对商业一窍不通，但离开时却成了一名商人。
6. A.simple-minded B.like-minded
C.hard-headed D.hot-headed
解析 B 根据上文“teach students business skills”以及下文“students develop ideas，conduct research，learn from the seniors，and build their businesses”可知，这个学院主要是帮助想做生意的、志同道合的学生。
7. A.worked up B.let down
C.pulled out D.blew away
解析 D 根据下文“It's totally beyond expectation.”可知，Meenah的表现给人留下深刻印象(blow away)。
8. A.adjusted B.presented
C.changed D.devoted
解析 B 根据下文“her program to investors”可知，此处指向投资者展示了她的计划。
9. A.belonged B.related
C.advanced D.contributed
解析 C 根据下文“to the semi-final in New York”可知，此处指Meenah在纽约进入了半决赛。
10. A.eventually B.randomly
C.potentially D.temporarily
解析 A 根据下文“founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products”指她最终创立了自己的公司。
11. A.purchasing B.promoting
C.publishing D.maintaining
解析 B 根据下文“her creations at youth markets”以及上文她有了公司可知，Meenah在青年市场推广她的作品。
12. A.generosity B.dependence
C.kindness D.creativity
解析 D 根据上文“founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products.”可知，她创立了自己的公司，取得了成功，体现了她的创造力。
13. A.gender B.ability
C.age D.poverty
解析 C 根据上文“Meenah Sukasem，12”以及“inspires peers”和下文“social prejudice against success at a young age”可知，她才12岁，所以激励同龄人，年纪小也可以成功。
14. A.virtual B.artistic
C.material D.moral
解析 C 下文“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion”强调了比赛是追求激情的经历，说明成功不仅仅是物质层面的奖励，更是精神上的。
15. A.challenging B.measuring
C.improving D.recording
解析 A 根据下文“social prejudice against success at a young age”可知，她挑战了社会对成功的偏见。
A篇 核心
单词 1.remind v.提醒；使记起
2.insightful adj.有深刻见解的；富有洞察力的
3.fetch v.去拿；去取
4.concept n.概念
核心
短语 1.a variety of 各种各样的
2.provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物
3.as a result 结果；因此
4.(be) based on 以……为基础
B篇 核心单词 1.ambition n.抱负；野心 2.disbelief n.怀疑；不信任
3.recall vt.回想 4.witness vt.见证
5.pursue vt.追求 6.prejudice n.偏见
熟词生义 race (生) n.竞争；(熟)n.赛跑
核心短语 1.stick to 坚持 2.beyond expectation出乎意料
3.be in favor of 支持；赞成 4.be entitled to 有权获得；被授予
写作佳句 1.Though I didn't reach the final，meeting new people was invaluable.
尽管我没进入决赛，但结识新朋友的经历无价。
2.“Success is not just about winning any material awards in a race，”Meenah shared.“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by challenging social prejudice against success at a young age.”
“成功不仅仅是在比赛中赢得任何物质奖励，”Meenah分享道。“这是一种通过在年轻时挑战社会对成功的偏见来追求激情的经历。”
A
(2025·太原学业诊断)Our eldest daughter，who lives with special needs，has a unique way of finding comfort.She is 1 in picking leaves from plants and fashioning them into designs to fulfill her sensory needs.It brings no 2 ，so my wife and I never stop her.We even created a dedicated garden at home for her.
But in the past few months，she has 3 into our neighbor's garden to pick leaves.I didn't want to upset her.I 4 tried to explain that our neighbor might not want their plants to be 5 ，but she still got sensitive. Consequently，I wrote a note to my neighbor and
6 . I asked what plants I could buy to 7 the loss. Our neighbor's response was truly
8 .He said，“There's no need to worry.She's as 9 to us as our own child.A few plants are nothing.We can always grow new ones.She's 10 here whenever it brings her joy.”
Since then，every time our daughter 11 the neighbor's garden，the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted.We， 12 ，often make homemade 13 for the neighbor as a gesture of gratitude.This beautiful friendship between neighbors spreads warmth in the community，and our daughter's leaf creations work as a
14 of the power of kindness and 15 .
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的大女儿喜欢从植物上采摘叶子，然后把它们制作成装饰图案，以满足她的感官需求。但在过去的几个月里，她经常到邻居的花园里摘树叶，在解释无果后，作者给邻居写了一张纸条，表示道歉，询问是否可以赔偿损失，邻居温暖回应，表示不需要赔偿，并且欢迎他的大女儿随时来花园。作为回报，作者和妻子经常为邻居自制好吃的东西以示感激。
1.A.proud B.careful
C.grateful D.delighted
解析 D 根据空前的“finding comfort”和下文的“fulfill her sensory needs”可知，作者的大女儿喜欢从植物上采摘叶子，然后把它们制作成装饰图案，以满足她的感官需求，这让她感到高兴(delighted)。第二段尾句的“brings her joy”亦是提示。
2.A.gift B.thrill
C.fun D.harm
解析 D 根据下文的“so my wife and I never stop her”可知，因为这不会带来伤害(harm)，所以作者和妻子从未阻止过她。
3.A.wandered B.dug
C.looked D.turned
解析 A 根据空后的“our neighbor's garden”可知，在过去的几个月里，女儿经常到邻居的花园里摘树叶。故选A。
4.A.delicately B.seriously
C.hardly D.anxiously
解析 A 根据上文的“I didn't want to upset her”可知，作者不想让女儿难过，于是小心翼翼地(delicately)试图向她解释。
5.A.watered B.designed
C.disturbed D.grown
解析 C 根据上文的“she has into our neighbor's garden to pick leaves”并结合常识可知，作者告诉女儿，邻居可能不希望他们的植物受到打扰(disturbed)。
6.A.greeted B.apologized
C.complained D.worried
解析 B 上文讲作者的大女儿去邻居的花园里摘树叶，作者小心翼翼地试图向女儿解释，但还是引起了她的敏感反应。再结合下文的“I asked what plants I could buy to the loss.”和常识可知，作者写纸条向邻居道歉(apologized)。
7.A.take care of B.catch up with
C.make up for D.break away from
解析 C 根据空后的“the loss”并结合常识可知，作者询问邻居他可以买什么植物来弥补(make up for)损失。take care of “照顾，负责，处理”；catch up with“赶上”；break away from“突然挣脱，逃脱”。
8.A.convincing B.comforting
C.interesting D.disappointing
解析 B 根据下文的“There's no need to worry”“A few plants are nothing.We can always grow new ones.”可知，邻居的回复真是令人宽慰(comforting)。
9.A.shy B.kind
C.dear D.friendly
解析 C 根据空后的“as our own child”可知，在邻居心里，作者的女儿就像他们自己的孩子一样宝贵。dear to sb “对某人来说是宝贵的”，故选C。
10.A.remarkable B.brave
C.creative D.welcome
解析 D 根据上文的“She's as to us as our own child”和第三段的“the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted”可知，邻居欢迎作者女儿去他们的花园。welcome在此作形容词，意为“受欢迎的”，故选D。
11.A.nears B.desires
C.protects D.decorates
解析 A 根据下文的“the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted”可知，每次作者的女儿走近(nears)邻居的花园，邻居都会亲切地和她打招呼，有时还会给她看自己种的新花。
12.A.in person B.in return
C.on time D.on purpose
解析 B 上文讲邻居欢迎女儿去他们的花园采摘树叶，下文讲作者和妻子经常为邻居自制好吃的东西以示感激，故选B，表示“作为回报”。
13.A.trees B.treats
C.stories D.toys
解析 B 参考上题解析。此处treat作名词，表示“美味佳肴”，是熟词生义的用法。
14.A.reminder B.tradition
C.standard D.target
解析 A 空前一句讲邻居之间的这种美丽的友谊在社区中传播了温暖，再结合空后的“of the power of kindness”可知，此处表示作者女儿的树叶作品提醒人们善良的力量。故选A。
15.A.knowledge B.wisdom
C.acceptance D.imagination
解析 C 上文讲邻居对女儿在他们花园摘树叶的行为持宽容态度，接受女儿的这个独特爱好。由此可知，作者女儿的作品也提醒人们接受(acceptance)的力量。
B
(2025·广东二调)You can imagine how novel we found it when my school began offering cooking as part of the curriculum (课程).As a growing boy，I seemed to be 1 all day long.And the good news was that we could 2 what we cooked.I immediately signed up.
At the beginning of the first class，I 3 slowly with a classic，boiled egg alone.To a teenage boy，the boiled egg might seem like a no-brainer.I was feeing 4 and excited.
Then the class was divided into teams to 5 the complex and challenging dish—Rodeo Stuffed Hot Dogs.The 6 proceeded satisfactorily.Even the baking seemed to progress as 7 .But my team ran into 8 when we turned on the broiler (烤箱) to brown our hot dogs.It really wasn't our 9 .The members of another group were busy 10 their hot dogs out from the oven and placing them on the table to cool.They 11 good，making our mouths water.We gathered closely together around those tasty hot dogs，and we were all 12 ...until a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven suddenly 13 our masterpieces.
All our previous efforts were wasted. 14 ，we were regarded as that day's heroes.The sense of 15 that came from creating a dish promoted a positive relationship with food and willingness to try new things.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者报名参加了学校开设的烹饪课，一开始作者充满信心，但最终因烤箱故障导致食物被毁。尽管如此，制作一道菜带来的兴奋感促进了作者与食物的积极关系，激发了作者尝试新事物的意愿。
1.A.ignorant B.sleepy
C.hungry D.greedy
解析 C 根据上文的“my school began offering cooking as part of the curriculum (课程)”“a growing boy”和下文的“I immediately signed up.”，再结合常识可推知，学校开设了烹饪课，作者立即报名了，因为作为正在长身体的男孩，作者似乎整天都很饿(hungry)。
2.A.display B.exchange
C.market D.have
解析 D 根据上文的“As a growing boy，I seemed to be all day long.”“the good news”和下文的“I immediately signed up.”可知，好消息是作者可以吃(have)自己做的东西。
3.A.took off B.started off
C.called off D.put off
解析 B 根据上文的“At the beginning of the first class”可知，第一节课开始时，作者慢慢地从一个经典的煮鸡蛋开始(started off)。take off“突然开始成功”；call off“取消，停止进行”；put off“推迟，延迟”。
4.A.nervous B.confident
C.bored D.relaxed
解析 B 根据上文的“To a teenage boy，the boiled egg might seem like a no-brainer.”可知，在一个十几岁的男孩看来，煮鸡蛋似乎是一件简单的事，所以作者感到自信(confident)。
5.A.recommend B.appreciate
C.evaluate D.make
解析 D 第一段讲学校开设了烹饪课，故此处表示烹饪课上，全班分成小组，制作(make)复杂且富有挑战性的菜肴。
6.A.preparation B.cooking
C.competition D.course
解析 A 空前讲全班分成小组，制作菜肴，空后讲的是烘焙的进展。结合常识可知，此处表示准备工作(preparation)进行得令人满意。
7.A.involved B.intended
C.imitated D.pictured
解析 B 根据上文的“The proceeded satisfactorily.”和Even可知，烘焙进展也很顺利，似乎也在按计划(intended)进行，故选B项。
8.A.trouble B.pressure
C.prejudice D.resistance
解析 A 空前的But表示转折，表明此处描述事情进行得不顺利。再根据下文的“a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven”可知，作者的团队遇到了麻烦(trouble)。
9.A.dish B.task
C.fault D.cooker
解析 C 根据下文的描述可知，作者的团队将热狗放入烤箱后，被另一组已经烘烤完成的热狗的香气吸引，他们紧紧地围在那些美味的热狗周围，后来一团黑烟从作者他们的烤箱里冒了出来。由此可推知，这并不是作者团队的错(fault)。cooker“厨灶，炉具”。
10.A.pulling B.giving
C.putting D.working
解析 A 此处表示另一组的成员正忙着把他们的热狗从烤箱里拿(pulling)出来放在桌子上冷却。
11.A.tasted B.felt
C.sounded D.smelled
解析 D 根据下文的“making our mouths water”并结合常识可知，热狗闻起来(smelled)很香，让他们直流口水。
12.A.taken B.cheated
C.beaten D.refused
解析 A 根据上文的“They good...gathered closely together around those tasty hot dogs”可知，作者他们被热狗的香气吸引了。be taken (with...)“被(……)吸引”，故选A。
13.A.comprised B.ended
C.perfected D.saved
解析 B 根据空前的“a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven”可知，烤箱中冒出来的黑烟突然结束了(ended)他们的杰作。comprise“构成，组成”；perfect“使完美，完善”。
14.A.Moreover B.Therefore
C.Otherwise D.Still
解析 D 前一句讲他们之前的一切努力都白费了，空后讲他们被视为那天的英雄，前后之间是转折关系，故选D项。still“虽然如此，尽管那样”。
15.A.achievement B.security
C.excitement D.responsibility
解析 C 根据空后的“that came from creating a dish”，再结合上文描述的作者制作菜肴的过程可推知，制作一道菜带来的兴奋感(excitement)促进了作者与食物的积极关系，激发了作者尝试新事物的意愿。
C
(2025·广东六校第三次联考)On April 6，1909，six men claimed their place as the first explorers to reach the North Pole.
Many had tried to reach the pole，but Peary's team 1 them through clever planning.He also gave 2 to Henson，an African American explorer with 3 skills.“The team needed his knowledge of the Inuit，and Henson was fluent in their language.Also，he has shared all the physical hardships of my Arctic work，”Peary said.
4 winds blew.“Freezing of the face is a(n) 5 occurrence，”Henson wrote.“We could even lose fingers or toes.When anyone's foot began to freeze，another man held the bare foot against his stomach to 6 it up.There was no other way to 7 the foot.”
After four journeys to the Arctic，Peary learned how to 8 better for the trip.This time，he had other teams go ahead and leave 9 along the way to provide for their final dash.They drove long hours every day.“Forced 10 all the time，”Peary explained.
They were 11 because they came across no open water to 12 the team.They spent 30 hours at the pole before they began their 13 .They couldn't stay longer as spring was coming and the ice was about to melt.Henson set such a fast pace that Peary warned him not to work the dogs to death.“I know，” Henson replied.“We must hurry; 14 we will be caught.”
They did it.They reached safety in 16 days and 15 their place in history.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peary带领团队成功到达北极点的探险故事。
1.A.employed B.helped
C.chose D.beat
解析 D 根据第一段内容可知，1909年4月6日，六名男子成为第一批到达北极的探险家。再根据空后的“through clever planning”可推测，Peary's team 指的就是这六人，所以此处是说很多人试图到达北极，但Peary的团队打败(beat)了他们，故选D。
2.A.credit B.way
C.place D.support
解析 A 根据下文“The team needed his knowledge of the Inuit...the physical hardships of my Arctic work”可知，该团队需要Henson知道的因纽特人方面的知识，而且Henson能流利地讲他们的语言。此外，他也经历了所有身体上的磨难。这些都是Henson对团队的贡献，所以Peary也将功劳归于Henson。故选A。
3.A.academic B.technical
C.comprehensive D.communicative
解析 C 根据下文Peary对Henson在知识和身体方面的称赞可知，Henson的技能比较全面(comprehensive)，故选C。
4.A.Mild B.Fresh
C.Scary D.Biting
解析 D 根据上文可知，这个团队去的是北极，再由下文“Freezing of the face”可知，此处说的是刺骨的(biting)寒风吹着，故选D。
5.A.dangerous B.ordinary
C.temporary D.challenging
解析 B 根据下文“We could even lose fingers or toes.”可知，此处表示脸部冻僵是常有的(ordinary)事，故选B。
6.A.wrap B.lift
C.warm D.put
解析 C 根据上文“When anyone's foot began to freeze，another man held the bare foot against his stomach”可知，当有人的脚要冻僵时，另一个人把那只脚光脚抵在肚子上，这样做是为了使它暖和起来，故选C。
7.A.feel B.save
C.pick D.hold
解析 B 根据上文“We could even lose fingers or toes”可知，他们在过程中甚至可能会失去手指和脚趾，所以除了将冻僵的脚放到肚子上取暖，没有其他拯救(save)它的方法，故选B。
8.A.plan B.pack
C.train D.budget
解析 A 根据空前的“After four journeys to the Arctic”可知，Peary已经有了四次尝试前往北极的经历，有一定的经验，所以知道怎样更好地计划(plan)，故选A。
9.A.riches B.supplies
C.footprints D.messages
解析 B 根据空后的“along the way to provide for their final dash”可知，空处指的是他们最后冲刺所需要的东西，所以此处是说他让其他团队走在前面，沿途留下补给品(supplies)，以备最后冲刺，故选B。
10.A.duties B.requests
C.marches D.measures
解析 C 根据上文“They drove long hours every day.”可知，此处指他们每天都行进很久；再由下文“Henson set such a fast pace”可知，他们速度很快。因此推断，Peary说的是他们一直在“急行军”，故选C。
11.A.lucky B.upset
C.tough D.stuck
解析 A 根据空后的“because they came across no open water”可知，他们没有遇到开阔的水域，因此他们是幸运的(lucky)，故选A。
12.A.freeze up B.hold up
C.let down D.put down
解析 B 此处不定式短语修饰“open water”，而“开阔的水域”会阻碍(hold up)他们到达北极，故选B。
13.A.work B.trip
C.return D.race
解析 C 根据空前的“at the pole”和空后的“They couldn't stay longer as spring was coming and the ice was about to melt.”可知，春天要到了，冰快要融化了，所以他们不能待很久。此处指在返回(return)之前，他们在北极待了30个小时，故选C。
14.A.otherwise B.likewise
C.but D.still
解析 A 上文提到因为春天要来了，冰快要融化了，他们不能在北极多待。此处是Henson的回答“我们必须快点，否则(otherwise)我们会被困住”，故选A。likewise“同样地”。
15.A.awarded B.steadied
C.reserved D.secured
解析 D 根据空前的“They did it.They reached safety in 16 days”可知，16天后，他们安全返回了。他们的名字被载入了史册(secure one's place in history)，故选D。
完形填空是高考英语试卷中一种测试考生语言水平和语言实际运用能力的综合性题型，主要考查考生的两种能力：1.阅读理解能力，包括对句子内部结构和意义的理解，对句子之间(上下文)关系的理解，对文章整体的理解等；2.综合运用英语语言知识的能力，包括语法知识、习惯用语、词汇的使用和辨析等。要求考生具备扎实的词汇、语法知识，并且能够灵活运用语言知识、文化背景知识和生活常识，通过文章的行文逻辑厘清语篇中的线索。
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2025 全国一卷 记叙文 人与自我 搬家前处理物品 258 7 6 2 0 0
全国二卷 记叙文 人与自我 一位奶奶的健身之路 217 8 4 2 1 0
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2024 新课标
Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与自我 选择适合自己的目标 233 5 8 1 1 0
新课标
Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与自我 在意大利定居 227 5 9 1 0 0
年份 卷别 体裁 主题 话题 词数
(不含选项) 名词
(短语) 动词
(短语) 形容词 副词
(短语) 介词
短语
2023 新课标
Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会 帮助受伤参赛者 226 8 5 2 0 0
新课标
Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 飞行员帮助运送宠物 209 3 7 4 1 0
主题语境 包含三大主题语境，人与自我、人与自然及人与社会，以人与自我主题居多
文章特点 体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，偶尔考查说明文和议论文；遵循“文章内容体现生活化”的原则，传递正能量
命题方式 文章词数200～250；首句不设空；四个选项语法形式一致，A、B、C、D的答案个数均等或大致均等
命题原则 体现“突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，侧重考查考生在语篇中对词汇上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的综合运用能力，进而提升考生的思维能力
考查特征 主要考查实词(名词、动词、形容词及副词)；综合考查考生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力，包括词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力
在以“立德树人”为价值引领的高考指引下，“主题语境”意识在解答完形填空时愈发重要。只有把握了语篇的主旨大意，才能确保思考方向不跑偏。同样，围绕主题语境这条主线，对选项进行语域性的甄别筛选，不失为一种快捷的解题渠道。在解题时，可抓住4种类型的语域词判定选项。下面以2025年浙江1月卷完形填空为例进行讲解。
【技法概览】
主题语境下的话题词是指该类主题语篇中最常使用的词汇，是阐述语篇内容的骨干支撑词汇，这些骨干词汇形成一定的语域而服务于语篇主题。考生在解答完形填空时可以根据文章主题调动语域内的话题词来确定答案。
【典例1】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
Ribeiro 44.charges 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.For Ribeiro，it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food， 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties.
45.A.pursuing B.choosing
C.discussing D.changing
46.A.passing on B.trying out
C.going over D.taking down
[自主解答] 45.______ 46.______
[思路点拨] 本文的主题语域围绕“烹饪爱好、举办晚餐派对、分享食物热情”展开，核心话题词包括 cooking，hobby，recipes，dinner parties，food，share 等。
45.这个平台是她“追求”(pursuing)“买食物、尝试新食谱、举办派对”这一爱好的载体。“choosing (选择)，discussing (讨论)，changing (改变)”均不符合“爱好的持续实践”语境。
46.“new recipes”搭配“trying out”(尝试)最合理，体现烹饪中对新食谱的实践；passing on (传递)，going over (复习)，taking down (记下)与“爱好”的主动实践无关。
A
B
【技法概览】
主题语境下的语义场是指完形填空语篇中的某一部分语义相关的句子，它们在故事线索或细微的故事场景上具有很强的逻辑性和关联性。因此，考生可以通过调用语义场词汇来确定相关问题的正确答案。文中多个段落形成独立语义场，可通过语义关联锁定选项。
【典例2】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom，as
50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 ，the menu is known in advance，and the meal is expected to be no 52 .
50.A.opposed B.related
C.subject D.vital
51.A.invaluable B.impersonal
C.unsuitable D.unprofessional
52.A.surprise B.end
C.need D.problem
[自主解答] 50._____ 51._____ 52._____
[思路点拨] 第50～52题属于一个语义场，讲述了这个平台派对与餐馆的不同。
50.这个平台派对“自由”与餐馆模式“相反”(opposed to)。“related (相关的)，subject (易受……影响的)，vital (极其重要的)”均不体现对比关系。
A
B
A
51.餐馆服务通常标准化、缺乏个性，即“不考虑个人需要的”(impersonal)，与她的私人派对形成对比。“invaluable(极珍贵的)，unsuitable (不合适的)，unprofessional (不专业的)”均不符合语境。
52.餐馆菜单提前确定，用餐过程“没有惊喜”(surprise)，与平台派对的灵活性形成对比。“end (结束)，need (需要)，problem (问题)”均不符合语境。
【技法概览】
完形填空的文体多为记叙文，文章一般是按照“事件的发生→发展→结果(感悟)”这一脉络展开。关注发展脉络有助于快速确定正确选项。
【典例3】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
A few months ago，the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use.She signed up on the website Bookalokal，and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42.A.hobby B.energy
C.education D.money
43.A.coworkers B.students
C.relatives D.strangers
[自主解答] 42._____ 43.______
[思路点拨]
42.下文明确提到她的“hobby of buying food...holding dinner parties”(见典例1)，故此处指“用好自己的爱好”(hobby)。“energy (精力)，education (教育)，money (钱)”均非核心。
43.通过“website Bookalokal”平台参与派对的应是“陌生人”(strangers)。“coworkers (同事)，students (学生)，relatives (亲戚)”无需通过网站预约。
A
D
【技法概览】
“价值引领”是高考命题的核心功能之一，立德树人、以文化人是教育的使命和担当。通过语篇阅读、文化浸润让学生树立正确的价值观是高考命题选材之“要”。对于有关文章主旨、主题类题目，可从文章反映出的“价值观”角度快速准确判定选项。
【典例4】 (2025·浙江1月卷节选)
“But it's also a great 53 ，for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event，”Ribeiro said.“This platform is not only 55.reserved for professional cooks，but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
53.A.lesson B.pleasure
C.success D.challenge
54.A.celebrate B.record
C.attend D.organise
[自主解答] 53._____ 54._____
[思路点拨] 本文传递“追求爱好、灵活创新、分享与社交”的价值观，可通过价值导向确定选项。
53.这个平台带来自由的同时，也有“挑战”，这体现“自我实现需要付出努力”的价值观。“lesson (教训)，pleasure (乐趣)，success(成功)”均不匹配“需要时间筹备”的语境。
54.因为“组织”(organise)一次活动可能需要几天。“celebrate(庆祝)，record(记录)，attend (参加)”不符合“筹备活动”的动作。
D
D
A
Ryan Brazil is reminding us that a simple lesson can sometimes be the most powerful.As a fourth-grade teacher, she is 1 for educating her students on a variety of subjects.When her students 2 that her choices didn't always seem “fair”， she took a moment to 3 .After some thought, she was able to provide them with an insightful lesson on the true meaning of “fairness”.
4 ， she asked if anyone could explain the word “fair”.Several students 5 their hands，but the one who was chosen 6 it as being “equal”.From there，Ryan asked two students to fetch an item for her, which was placed on a 7 shelf.As a result，the two students had different 8 in completing the task.The taller student was able to reach the item by jumping，while the shorter student needed a 9 to help.
By selecting both a tall and a short student，Ryan effectively 10 the concept of additional support.While it technically seemed “unfair” that the tall student didn't have a chair to stand on，it was what the short student 11 to complete the task.
Through this simple activity, Ryan 12 the difference between equality(everyone gets the same resources) and equity(公平)(everyone gets 13 resources based on what they need to be 14 ).Although this concept can be 15 ，she explained it in a way that her fourth graders could understand.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。Ryan Brazil老师通过一节简单的课让学生明白了公平的含义。
1.A.lucky B.grateful
C.regretful D.responsible
解析 D 根据上文中的“a fourth-grade teacher”和下文中的“educating her students on a variety of subjects”可知， Ryan负责教学生各种科目。
2.A.inquired B.expressed
C.determined D.recommended
解析 B 根据下文中的“her choices didn't always seem ‘fair’”可知，学生表达了他们的想法。
3.A.measure B.engage
C.reflect D.finish
解析 C 根据下文中的“After some thought”可知，Ryan思考了学生提出的问题，reflect和thought构成同义复现。
4.A.To kick things off B.To make matters worse
C.To be frank D.To sum up
解析 A 这一段介绍Ryan的这节课：首先，她问是否有人能解释“公平”这个词。To kick things off意为“首先”，符合语境。
5.A.held B.raised
C.showed D.shook
答案 B
6.A.pictured B.presented
C.defined D.indicated
解析 C 根据上文中的“she asked if anyone could explain the word ‘fair’”可知，Ryan提了一个问题，几个学生举起了手。被选中的学生将“公平”定义为“平等”。defined与explain构成同义复现。
7.A.bottom B.moving
C.high D.rocky
解析 C 根据下文中的jumping和chair可知，待取的物品被放在高高的架子上。
8.A.characters B.opinions
C.interests D.experiences
解析 D 根据下文中的“The taller student was able to reach the item by jumping，while the shorter student needed a...to help.”可推断，两个身高不同的学生在完成取物的任务时，会有不同的经历。
9.A.chair B.shelf
C.guide D.stick
解析 A 根据下文中的“the tall student didn't have a chair to stand on”可知，为了完成任务，矮个子的学生需要借助椅子。
10.A.examined B.illustrated
C.combined D.released
解析 B 根据上文中的“By selecting both a tall and a short student”及“effectively”可知，Ryan用一个简单的任务很好地说明了额外帮助的概念。
11.A.agreed B.needed
C.benefited D.understood
解析 B 矮个子的学生需要椅子才能完成任务。
12.A.addressed B.reviewed
C.clarified D.confirmed
解析 C 通过这个简单的活动，Ryan阐明了平等和公平之间的区别。
13.A.different B.natural
C.sustainable D.inner
答案 A
14.A.appropriate B.ambitious
C.similar D.successful
解析 D 平等指的是每个人都获得相同的资源；公平指的是为了成功，每个人根据自己的需要获得不同的资源。different 与same构成反义同现。
15.A.crucial B.complete
C.contrary D.complex
解析 D 虽然这个概念可能很复杂，但她以四年级学生可以理解的方式解释了这一点。 complex与文章首句中的simple构成反义同现。
B
(2025·江西南昌二模)While her classmates played sports，Meenah Sukasem，12，spent her time building a business.As the CEO of Bkrafts，she creates handmade headbands and bracelets.“I have a 1 for crafting (手工)，”she said.
Meenah started crafting at nine and wanted to turn her hobby into a 2 .Hearing her ambition，many people around her held a deep disbelief that a child of her age couldn‘t 3 . it.However，she just ignored the doubt and stuck to her goal.In October，she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Academy (YEA！)，where some 4 businessmen teach students business skills.“I entered knowing nothing about business but 5 as a businessman，”she recalled.YEA！，established in 2004，helps 6 students develop ideas，conduct research，learn from the seniors，and build their businesses.Program director Candy Troutman witnessed Meenah's growth：“She was quiet at first but 7 the organization in the end.It's totally beyond expectation.”
Later，Meenah attended a competition where she 8 her program to investors，and they were in favor of it.She was entitled“the Local Star” and 9 to the semi-final in New York.“Though I didn't reach the final，meeting new people was invaluable，”she said.
With the support of investors，Meenah 10 founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products.She balances school and business， 11 her creations at youth markets.Her 12 inspires peers，proving that 13 is no barrier to success.
“Success is not just about winning any 14 awards in a race，”Meenah shared.“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by 15 social prejudice against success at a young age.”
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的Meenah Sukasem凭借对手工的热爱，创立了自己的公司，挑战了社会对成功的偏见。
1. A.passion B.point
C.reason D.rule
解析 A 根据下文“Meenah started crafting at nine”可知，Meenah从9岁开始做手工，说明她对手工制作很有热情。
2. A.habit B.tradition
C.deal D.career
解析 D 根据上文“While her classmates played sports，Meenah Sukasem...creates handmade headbands and bracelets.”可知，她把爱好变成了事业，成立了公司。
3. A.take B.get
C.make D.grasp
解析 C 根据上文“held a deep disbelief”可知，周围的人都怀疑她不能成功，make it表示“取得成功”。
4. A.determined B.experienced
C.excited D.satisfied
解析 B 根据下文“businessmen teach students business skills”可知，学院里一些经验丰富的商人教授学生商业技能。
5. A.left B.worked
C.failed D.pretended
解析 A 上文“I entered knowing nothing about business but”中与entered对应的是left，即刚进大学时对商业一窍不通，但离开时却成了一名商人。
6. A.simple-minded B.like-minded
C.hard-headed D.hot-headed
解析 B 根据上文“teach students business skills”以及下文“students develop ideas，conduct research，learn from the seniors，and build their businesses”可知，这个学院主要是帮助想做生意的、志同道合的学生。
7. A.worked up B.let down
C.pulled out D.blew away
解析 D 根据下文“It's totally beyond expectation.”可知，Meenah的表现给人留下深刻印象(blow away)。
8. A.adjusted B.presented
C.changed D.devoted
解析 B 根据下文“her program to investors”可知，此处指向投资者展示了她的计划。
9. A.belonged B.related
C.advanced D.contributed
解析 C 根据下文“to the semi-final in New York”可知，此处指Meenah在纽约进入了半决赛。
10. A.eventually B.randomly
C.potentially D.temporarily
解析 A 根据下文“founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products”指她最终创立了自己的公司。
11. A.purchasing B.promoting
C.publishing D.maintaining
解析 B 根据下文“her creations at youth markets”以及上文她有了公司可知，Meenah在青年市场推广她的作品。
12. A.generosity B.dependence
C.kindness D.creativity
解析 D 根据上文“founded Bkrafts in April，selling over $150，000 worth of handmade products.”可知，她创立了自己的公司，取得了成功，体现了她的创造力。
13. A.gender B.ability
C.age D.poverty
解析 C 根据上文“Meenah Sukasem，12”以及“inspires peers”和下文“social prejudice against success at a young age”可知，她才12岁，所以激励同龄人，年纪小也可以成功。
14. A.virtual B.artistic
C.material D.moral
解析 C 下文“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion”强调了比赛是追求激情的经历，说明成功不仅仅是物质层面的奖励，更是精神上的。
15. A.challenging B.measuring
C.improving D.recording
解析 A 根据下文“social prejudice against success at a young age”可知，她挑战了社会对成功的偏见。
A篇 核心
单词 1.remind v.提醒；使记起
2.insightful adj.有深刻见解的；富有洞察力的
3.fetch v.去拿；去取
4.concept n.概念
核心
短语 1.a variety of 各种各样的
2.provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物
3.as a result 结果；因此
4.(be) based on 以……为基础
B篇 核心单词 1.ambition n.抱负；野心 2.disbelief n.怀疑；不信任
3.recall vt.回想 4.witness vt.见证
5.pursue vt.追求 6.prejudice n.偏见
熟词生义 race (生) n.竞争；(熟)n.赛跑
核心短语 1.stick to 坚持 2.beyond expectation出乎意料
3.be in favor of 支持；赞成 4.be entitled to 有权获得；被授予
写作佳句 1.Though I didn't reach the final，meeting new people was invaluable.
尽管我没进入决赛，但结识新朋友的经历无价。
2.“Success is not just about winning any material awards in a race，”Meenah shared.“It's about an experience of pursuing your passion by challenging social prejudice against success at a young age.”
“成功不仅仅是在比赛中赢得任何物质奖励，”Meenah分享道。“这是一种通过在年轻时挑战社会对成功的偏见来追求激情的经历。”
A
(2025·太原学业诊断)Our eldest daughter，who lives with special needs，has a unique way of finding comfort.She is 1 in picking leaves from plants and fashioning them into designs to fulfill her sensory needs.It brings no 2 ，so my wife and I never stop her.We even created a dedicated garden at home for her.
But in the past few months，she has 3 into our neighbor's garden to pick leaves.I didn't want to upset her.I 4 tried to explain that our neighbor might not want their plants to be 5 ，but she still got sensitive. Consequently，I wrote a note to my neighbor and
6 . I asked what plants I could buy to 7 the loss. Our neighbor's response was truly
8 .He said，“There's no need to worry.She's as 9 to us as our own child.A few plants are nothing.We can always grow new ones.She's 10 here whenever it brings her joy.”
Since then，every time our daughter 11 the neighbor's garden，the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted.We， 12 ，often make homemade 13 for the neighbor as a gesture of gratitude.This beautiful friendship between neighbors spreads warmth in the community，and our daughter's leaf creations work as a
14 of the power of kindness and 15 .
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的大女儿喜欢从植物上采摘叶子，然后把它们制作成装饰图案，以满足她的感官需求。但在过去的几个月里，她经常到邻居的花园里摘树叶，在解释无果后，作者给邻居写了一张纸条，表示道歉，询问是否可以赔偿损失，邻居温暖回应，表示不需要赔偿，并且欢迎他的大女儿随时来花园。作为回报，作者和妻子经常为邻居自制好吃的东西以示感激。
1.A.proud B.careful
C.grateful D.delighted
解析 D 根据空前的“finding comfort”和下文的“fulfill her sensory needs”可知，作者的大女儿喜欢从植物上采摘叶子，然后把它们制作成装饰图案，以满足她的感官需求，这让她感到高兴(delighted)。第二段尾句的“brings her joy”亦是提示。
2.A.gift B.thrill
C.fun D.harm
解析 D 根据下文的“so my wife and I never stop her”可知，因为这不会带来伤害(harm)，所以作者和妻子从未阻止过她。
3.A.wandered B.dug
C.looked D.turned
解析 A 根据空后的“our neighbor's garden”可知，在过去的几个月里，女儿经常到邻居的花园里摘树叶。故选A。
4.A.delicately B.seriously
C.hardly D.anxiously
解析 A 根据上文的“I didn't want to upset her”可知，作者不想让女儿难过，于是小心翼翼地(delicately)试图向她解释。
5.A.watered B.designed
C.disturbed D.grown
解析 C 根据上文的“she has into our neighbor's garden to pick leaves”并结合常识可知，作者告诉女儿，邻居可能不希望他们的植物受到打扰(disturbed)。
6.A.greeted B.apologized
C.complained D.worried
解析 B 上文讲作者的大女儿去邻居的花园里摘树叶，作者小心翼翼地试图向女儿解释，但还是引起了她的敏感反应。再结合下文的“I asked what plants I could buy to the loss.”和常识可知，作者写纸条向邻居道歉(apologized)。
7.A.take care of B.catch up with
C.make up for D.break away from
解析 C 根据空后的“the loss”并结合常识可知，作者询问邻居他可以买什么植物来弥补(make up for)损失。take care of “照顾，负责，处理”；catch up with“赶上”；break away from“突然挣脱，逃脱”。
8.A.convincing B.comforting
C.interesting D.disappointing
解析 B 根据下文的“There's no need to worry”“A few plants are nothing.We can always grow new ones.”可知，邻居的回复真是令人宽慰(comforting)。
9.A.shy B.kind
C.dear D.friendly
解析 C 根据空后的“as our own child”可知，在邻居心里，作者的女儿就像他们自己的孩子一样宝贵。dear to sb “对某人来说是宝贵的”，故选C。
10.A.remarkable B.brave
C.creative D.welcome
解析 D 根据上文的“She's as to us as our own child”和第三段的“the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted”可知，邻居欢迎作者女儿去他们的花园。welcome在此作形容词，意为“受欢迎的”，故选D。
11.A.nears B.desires
C.protects D.decorates
解析 A 根据下文的“the neighbor greets her kindly and sometimes shows her the new flowers he's planted”可知，每次作者的女儿走近(nears)邻居的花园，邻居都会亲切地和她打招呼，有时还会给她看自己种的新花。
12.A.in person B.in return
C.on time D.on purpose
解析 B 上文讲邻居欢迎女儿去他们的花园采摘树叶，下文讲作者和妻子经常为邻居自制好吃的东西以示感激，故选B，表示“作为回报”。
13.A.trees B.treats
C.stories D.toys
解析 B 参考上题解析。此处treat作名词，表示“美味佳肴”，是熟词生义的用法。
14.A.reminder B.tradition
C.standard D.target
解析 A 空前一句讲邻居之间的这种美丽的友谊在社区中传播了温暖，再结合空后的“of the power of kindness”可知，此处表示作者女儿的树叶作品提醒人们善良的力量。故选A。
15.A.knowledge B.wisdom
C.acceptance D.imagination
解析 C 上文讲邻居对女儿在他们花园摘树叶的行为持宽容态度，接受女儿的这个独特爱好。由此可知，作者女儿的作品也提醒人们接受(acceptance)的力量。
B
(2025·广东二调)You can imagine how novel we found it when my school began offering cooking as part of the curriculum (课程).As a growing boy，I seemed to be 1 all day long.And the good news was that we could 2 what we cooked.I immediately signed up.
At the beginning of the first class，I 3 slowly with a classic，boiled egg alone.To a teenage boy，the boiled egg might seem like a no-brainer.I was feeing 4 and excited.
Then the class was divided into teams to 5 the complex and challenging dish—Rodeo Stuffed Hot Dogs.The 6 proceeded satisfactorily.Even the baking seemed to progress as 7 .But my team ran into 8 when we turned on the broiler (烤箱) to brown our hot dogs.It really wasn't our 9 .The members of another group were busy 10 their hot dogs out from the oven and placing them on the table to cool.They 11 good，making our mouths water.We gathered closely together around those tasty hot dogs，and we were all 12 ...until a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven suddenly 13 our masterpieces.
All our previous efforts were wasted. 14 ，we were regarded as that day's heroes.The sense of 15 that came from creating a dish promoted a positive relationship with food and willingness to try new things.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者报名参加了学校开设的烹饪课，一开始作者充满信心，但最终因烤箱故障导致食物被毁。尽管如此，制作一道菜带来的兴奋感促进了作者与食物的积极关系，激发了作者尝试新事物的意愿。
1.A.ignorant B.sleepy
C.hungry D.greedy
解析 C 根据上文的“my school began offering cooking as part of the curriculum (课程)”“a growing boy”和下文的“I immediately signed up.”，再结合常识可推知，学校开设了烹饪课，作者立即报名了，因为作为正在长身体的男孩，作者似乎整天都很饿(hungry)。
2.A.display B.exchange
C.market D.have
解析 D 根据上文的“As a growing boy，I seemed to be all day long.”“the good news”和下文的“I immediately signed up.”可知，好消息是作者可以吃(have)自己做的东西。
3.A.took off B.started off
C.called off D.put off
解析 B 根据上文的“At the beginning of the first class”可知，第一节课开始时，作者慢慢地从一个经典的煮鸡蛋开始(started off)。take off“突然开始成功”；call off“取消，停止进行”；put off“推迟，延迟”。
4.A.nervous B.confident
C.bored D.relaxed
解析 B 根据上文的“To a teenage boy，the boiled egg might seem like a no-brainer.”可知，在一个十几岁的男孩看来，煮鸡蛋似乎是一件简单的事，所以作者感到自信(confident)。
5.A.recommend B.appreciate
C.evaluate D.make
解析 D 第一段讲学校开设了烹饪课，故此处表示烹饪课上，全班分成小组，制作(make)复杂且富有挑战性的菜肴。
6.A.preparation B.cooking
C.competition D.course
解析 A 空前讲全班分成小组，制作菜肴，空后讲的是烘焙的进展。结合常识可知，此处表示准备工作(preparation)进行得令人满意。
7.A.involved B.intended
C.imitated D.pictured
解析 B 根据上文的“The proceeded satisfactorily.”和Even可知，烘焙进展也很顺利，似乎也在按计划(intended)进行，故选B项。
8.A.trouble B.pressure
C.prejudice D.resistance
解析 A 空前的But表示转折，表明此处描述事情进行得不顺利。再根据下文的“a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven”可知，作者的团队遇到了麻烦(trouble)。
9.A.dish B.task
C.fault D.cooker
解析 C 根据下文的描述可知，作者的团队将热狗放入烤箱后，被另一组已经烘烤完成的热狗的香气吸引，他们紧紧地围在那些美味的热狗周围，后来一团黑烟从作者他们的烤箱里冒了出来。由此可推知，这并不是作者团队的错(fault)。cooker“厨灶，炉具”。
10.A.pulling B.giving
C.putting D.working
解析 A 此处表示另一组的成员正忙着把他们的热狗从烤箱里拿(pulling)出来放在桌子上冷却。
11.A.tasted B.felt
C.sounded D.smelled
解析 D 根据下文的“making our mouths water”并结合常识可知，热狗闻起来(smelled)很香，让他们直流口水。
12.A.taken B.cheated
C.beaten D.refused
解析 A 根据上文的“They good...gathered closely together around those tasty hot dogs”可知，作者他们被热狗的香气吸引了。be taken (with...)“被(……)吸引”，故选A。
13.A.comprised B.ended
C.perfected D.saved
解析 B 根据空前的“a cloud of black smoke rising from our oven”可知，烤箱中冒出来的黑烟突然结束了(ended)他们的杰作。comprise“构成，组成”；perfect“使完美，完善”。
14.A.Moreover B.Therefore
C.Otherwise D.Still
解析 D 前一句讲他们之前的一切努力都白费了，空后讲他们被视为那天的英雄，前后之间是转折关系，故选D项。still“虽然如此，尽管那样”。
15.A.achievement B.security
C.excitement D.responsibility
解析 C 根据空后的“that came from creating a dish”，再结合上文描述的作者制作菜肴的过程可推知，制作一道菜带来的兴奋感(excitement)促进了作者与食物的积极关系，激发了作者尝试新事物的意愿。
C
(2025·广东六校第三次联考)On April 6，1909，six men claimed their place as the first explorers to reach the North Pole.
Many had tried to reach the pole，but Peary's team 1 them through clever planning.He also gave 2 to Henson，an African American explorer with 3 skills.“The team needed his knowledge of the Inuit，and Henson was fluent in their language.Also，he has shared all the physical hardships of my Arctic work，”Peary said.
4 winds blew.“Freezing of the face is a(n) 5 occurrence，”Henson wrote.“We could even lose fingers or toes.When anyone's foot began to freeze，another man held the bare foot against his stomach to 6 it up.There was no other way to 7 the foot.”
After four journeys to the Arctic，Peary learned how to 8 better for the trip.This time，he had other teams go ahead and leave 9 along the way to provide for their final dash.They drove long hours every day.“Forced 10 all the time，”Peary explained.
They were 11 because they came across no open water to 12 the team.They spent 30 hours at the pole before they began their 13 .They couldn't stay longer as spring was coming and the ice was about to melt.Henson set such a fast pace that Peary warned him not to work the dogs to death.“I know，” Henson replied.“We must hurry; 14 we will be caught.”
They did it.They reached safety in 16 days and 15 their place in history.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peary带领团队成功到达北极点的探险故事。
1.A.employed B.helped
C.chose D.beat
解析 D 根据第一段内容可知，1909年4月6日，六名男子成为第一批到达北极的探险家。再根据空后的“through clever planning”可推测，Peary's team 指的就是这六人，所以此处是说很多人试图到达北极，但Peary的团队打败(beat)了他们，故选D。
2.A.credit B.way
C.place D.support
解析 A 根据下文“The team needed his knowledge of the Inuit...the physical hardships of my Arctic work”可知，该团队需要Henson知道的因纽特人方面的知识，而且Henson能流利地讲他们的语言。此外，他也经历了所有身体上的磨难。这些都是Henson对团队的贡献，所以Peary也将功劳归于Henson。故选A。
3.A.academic B.technical
C.comprehensive D.communicative
解析 C 根据下文Peary对Henson在知识和身体方面的称赞可知，Henson的技能比较全面(comprehensive)，故选C。
4.A.Mild B.Fresh
C.Scary D.Biting
解析 D 根据上文可知，这个团队去的是北极，再由下文“Freezing of the face”可知，此处说的是刺骨的(biting)寒风吹着，故选D。
5.A.dangerous B.ordinary
C.temporary D.challenging
解析 B 根据下文“We could even lose fingers or toes.”可知，此处表示脸部冻僵是常有的(ordinary)事，故选B。
6.A.wrap B.lift
C.warm D.put
解析 C 根据上文“When anyone's foot began to freeze，another man held the bare foot against his stomach”可知，当有人的脚要冻僵时，另一个人把那只脚光脚抵在肚子上，这样做是为了使它暖和起来，故选C。
7.A.feel B.save
C.pick D.hold
解析 B 根据上文“We could even lose fingers or toes”可知，他们在过程中甚至可能会失去手指和脚趾，所以除了将冻僵的脚放到肚子上取暖，没有其他拯救(save)它的方法，故选B。
8.A.plan B.pack
C.train D.budget
解析 A 根据空前的“After four journeys to the Arctic”可知，Peary已经有了四次尝试前往北极的经历，有一定的经验，所以知道怎样更好地计划(plan)，故选A。
9.A.riches B.supplies
C.footprints D.messages
解析 B 根据空后的“along the way to provide for their final dash”可知，空处指的是他们最后冲刺所需要的东西，所以此处是说他让其他团队走在前面，沿途留下补给品(supplies)，以备最后冲刺，故选B。
10.A.duties B.requests
C.marches D.measures
解析 C 根据上文“They drove long hours every day.”可知，此处指他们每天都行进很久；再由下文“Henson set such a fast pace”可知，他们速度很快。因此推断，Peary说的是他们一直在“急行军”，故选C。
11.A.lucky B.upset
C.tough D.stuck
解析 A 根据空后的“because they came across no open water”可知，他们没有遇到开阔的水域，因此他们是幸运的(lucky)，故选A。
12.A.freeze up B.hold up
C.let down D.put down
解析 B 此处不定式短语修饰“open water”，而“开阔的水域”会阻碍(hold up)他们到达北极，故选B。
13.A.work B.trip
C.return D.race
解析 C 根据空前的“at the pole”和空后的“They couldn't stay longer as spring was coming and the ice was about to melt.”可知，春天要到了，冰快要融化了，所以他们不能待很久。此处指在返回(return)之前，他们在北极待了30个小时，故选C。
14.A.otherwise B.likewise
C.but D.still
解析 A 上文提到因为春天要来了，冰快要融化了，他们不能在北极多待。此处是Henson的回答“我们必须快点，否则(otherwise)我们会被困住”，故选A。likewise“同样地”。
15.A.awarded B.steadied
C.reserved D.secured
解析 D 根据空前的“They did it.They reached safety in 16 days”可知，16天后，他们安全返回了。他们的名字被载入了史册(secure one's place in history)，故选D。