2026届新课标高考英语-阅读理解主题语境分类训练3（含答案）

新课标高考英语阅读理解
主题语境分类专项训练3
话题简介
本专题【身心健康与情绪管理】隶属于新课标三大主题语境之「人与自我 - 生活与学习」板块，是新高考、全国卷英语阅读理解说明文与夹叙夹议文的核心高频命题话题，近5年高考真题中，该话题选材占科普类阅读总量的40%以上，是高三阅读专项复习的重点模块。此训练文本均围绕身心健康、情绪管理、压力疏导、健康饮食、运动健康、心理诊疗、社交与心理健康等核心内容展开，选自近年高考真题、省级优质模考卷，语篇难度、命题逻辑贴合高考考情。
核心词汇
一、高频动词
diagnose __________
cope __________
regulate __________
affect __________
impact __________
associate __________
consume __________
restrict __________
sustain __________
enhance __________
reduce __________
trigger __________
reveal __________
assess __________
recommend __________
adapt __________
undergo __________
recover __________
modify __________
intervene __________
二、高频名词
psychology __________
depression __________
stress __________
anxiety __________
symptom __________
therapy __________
nutrition __________
diet __________
surgery __________
disorder __________
fitness __________
cognition __________
buffer __________
diagnosis __________
treatment __________
wellbeing __________
pressure __________
routine __________
intervention __________
immunity __________
三、高频形容词&副词
mental __________
physical __________
psychological __________
nutritional __________
moderate __________
clinical __________
effective __________
significant __________
overwhelming __________
ethical __________
random __________
customized __________
depressive __________
chronic __________
ultimately __________
gradually __________
effectively __________
四、固定搭配&短语
mental health __________
physical health __________
coping skill __________
stress management __________
blood pressure __________
heart rate __________
randomised controlled trial __________
lifestyle therapy __________
cognitive behavioral therapy __________
social connection __________
emotional regulation __________
Mediterranean diet __________
intensive care unit __________
open-heart surgery __________
immune system __________
side effect __________
health risk __________
sense of belonging __________
限时训练
主题语境分类专项训练
限时35分钟 姓名：___________班级：___________学号：___________得分：___________
Passage 1（2025·浙江·高考真题）
When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact.
According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.”
Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.”
I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.”
1．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph
A．She is upset by her kids’ weight. B．She is critical of the way she was fed.
C．She is interested in making food. D．She is particular about what she eats.
2．Which of the following would Markey disapprove of
A．Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B．Offering various foods to kids at fixed times.
C．Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D．Talking with kids about school at mealtimes.
3．What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”
A．Make diet decisions on their own. B．Share their food with other kids.
C．Eat up what is provided for them. D．Help their parents do the dishes.
4．What does the author think of the strategies she has been following
A．Costly. B．Complex. C．Workable. D．Contradictory.
Passage 2（2025·湖北武汉·二模）
In health research, determining true causes — like whether drinking wine affects health — is vital for informed decisions. But “correlation does not equal causation (因果关系)” is widely recognized. Then how do researchers move beyond correlations to find answers
Correlations often exist without implying causation. For instance, chocolate consumption correlates with the number of Nobel Prize winners in some countries. Does eating chocolate boost Nobel wins No. This correlation likely exists because chocolate consumption serves as a proxy for wealth. In turn, wealth relates to education and research funding — key factors behind Nobel achievements. So, just finding a link isn’t enough. Scientists need more strong evidence to establish causation.
Unlike highly controlled chemistry or physics experiments, which can easily show how X affects Y, human biology often relies on indirect evidence. It requires “inductive reasoning” —drawing general conclusions from available evidence. It’s like how a prosecutor (检察官) builds a criminal case using circumstantial evidence. While individual pieces might not be persuasive, their build-up strengthens the case. There’s one interesting contrast, however. . In criminal cases, the standard of proof is “beyond reasonable doubt”, but science demands proof based “on the balance of probabilities”. This reflects scientists’ willingness to revise their beliefs when better evidence emerges.
Indirect evidence is crucial for inferring causation, but it is not always conclusive. The gold standard for direct evidence of causation is the randomised controlled trial (RCT), where participants are randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or to be a “control”. This ensures if you see a difference between the two groups, this can only be due to the effect of the intervention, which effectively proves causation. Unfortunately, ethical (道德的) considerations often prevent us conducting RCTs. For instance, we lack RCT evidence that smoking causes lung cancer because the indirect evidence is so strong that such studies would be unethical.
Causation in health doesn’t work in a simple way. Factors like lifestyle, genes, and environment interact to determine disease risk. Achieving perfect health requires a variety of actions, as no single habit, superfood, or magic pill is the answer.
5．What does the underlined word “proxy” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Replacement. B．Condition. C．Indicator. D．Preference.
6．How do scientists’ inferences differ from prosecutors’ conclusions
A．They remain open to update. B．They guarantee absolute certainty.
C．They rely largely on indirect evidence. D．They require higher standard of proof.
7．Why is RCT considered the gold standard for establishing causation
A．It offers wide application. B．It ensures fair assignment.
C．It avoids ethical considerations. D．It identifies intervention effects.
8．What is the author’s suggestion for health improvement
A．Counting on good habits. B．Integrating multiple strategies.
C．Taking a cure-all pill. D．Leading an active lifestyle.
Passage 3（25-26高三上·云南曲靖·月考）
From paying for school and taking exams to finding internships (实习), college students can face overwhelming pressure and demands. Societal, environmental, financial and relational factors are also leading to particularly high levels of stress and mental health concerns, experts say. Most students are also adapting to an unfamiliar environment, living independently for the first time and facing new responsibilities. It can mean overload for some.
“In college, you have to be managing your time between multiple courses and commitments,” says Leslie Rith-Najarian, a licensed psychologist and psychology lecturer at the University of California-Los Angeles. “Those instructors aren’t coordinating (协调) with each other, so it requires a lot of time management at a time when many students are learning how to manage their schedules on their own for the first time.”
While some stress can be healthy and even motivating, research shows high stress levels are affecting some students’ decisions about pursuing a degree. In a study that surveyed 6,000 first-year college students in October 2024, about one-third said they considered dropping out during that fall semester, adding emotional stress and mental health struggles as the two main reasons.
Followed by the feeling like they didn’t belong, sky-high educational expenses was the next most common reason, according to findings in the State of Higher Education 2025 report, based on the study conducted by Gallup and the Lumina Foundation. “The feeling of not belonging is particularly concerning for this age group,” says Vaile Wright, senior director of health care innovation at the American Psychological Association.
“We know that social connection is a huge buffer (缓冲) to stress, and if one is sort of feeling like he can’t use that coping skill, it just lends himself to more loneliness and more isolation,” she adds. “That’s a troubling cause of more significant depression.”
9．Why do college students face time management challenges
A．Campus facilities are insufficient for study.
B．Instructors fail to balance course workloads.
C．Financial pressures limit access to resources.
D．Social media disturbs students’ focus on study.
10．Which reason ranked third for students’ considering dropping out in 2024
A．Study cost. B．Sense of belonging. C．Campus adaptation. D．Academic pressure.
11．What do we know from Vaile Wright’s statement about social connection
A．Social media has replaced real-life interactions.
B．Lack of social ties raised the risk of depression.
C．Competitive social environments worsen stress.
D．The coping skill enhances academic performance.
12．What is the text mainly about
A．College academic advisors’ role in time management.
B．Strategies to reduce the emotional stress in university.
C．Factors causing student stress and mental health issues.
D．The impact of social media on the mental health of students.
Passage 4（2026·广东佛山·一模）
The first fortnight was tough - terrible pain and the rapid realization that running 200 marathons in 200 days would not be a walk in the park. But Steve James, a 65-year-old retired banker, has found his feet and reached the halfway mark — an average of 100 marathons in 100 days.
“In those first two weeks I was thinking: ‘What have I done ’” James said. “I had horrible blisters (水泡) for the first 10 days. The gout (痛风) struck all of a sudden, but I took some medicine and it went away. Now I feel fine.”
James’s progress along the coastlines of Great Britain is being tracked by experts from the University of Exeter, who are keen to find out the effects of such an extreme challenge on an older person.
The challenge is to do, on average, a marathon every day. Some days, it might be a bit less; others a bit more. There is no set route. James has a plan but adapts and changes it. As for fuel, he is not following the sort of diet an exceptional athlete might adopt. He has cereal, bacon, cake and fish and chips for dinner, washed down with a couple of beers.
“It’s all about routine, about getting up and leaving at the same time,” said James. “I love the physical challenge. I’m not especially talented at things, but I can keep going.”
The Exeter researchers assessed James before his departure and he sends data daily for them to analyze. They are studying his calorie intake, oxygen levels and muscle measurements. He has lost about 10kg but the team has seen no ill-effects to his health.
James, who is raising money for Cancer Research UK, passes the time by listening to music and is also learning Welsh. By the time he gets to Wales, he hopes to be able to order a beer in the language. He thinks the most difficult stretch physically will be the north coasts of Devon and Cornwall. “I’m kind of hoping that by then my body will be completely conditioned and I’ll be able to cope with that.”
13．What does paragraph 2 focus on
A．The difficulties James faced. B．James’s solution to challenges.
C．James’s attitude to the running. D．The treatment James received.
14．What can be learned about James’s running plan
A．It features a strict diet. B．It is made by researchers.
C．It is confirmed by other athletes. D．It changes based on circumstances.
15．What is James’s expectation for the journey ahead
A．To run all over Wales. B．To be physically adapted.
C．To grow thinner and healthier. D．To raise money for cancer patients.
16．What message does the passage convey
A．Exercise shapes one’s character. B．Health begins where the feet move.
C．Limits can be redefined at any age. D．Optimism unlocks human potential.
主题语境分类专项训练「人与自我 - 生活与学习」⑥
限时35分钟 姓名：___________班级：___________学号：___________得分：___________
Passage 1（24-25高三上·重庆·开学考试）
Good friends and good physical health may be even more closely linked than previously thought, new research has found. Researchers discovered that positive social experiences impact not only a person’s stress level and ability to cope, but also markers of physical health, according to a study published Monday in the journal Society for Personality and Social Psychology.
The study followed more than 4,000 people over three weeks as they completed check-ins every three days on their smartphones or smartwatches regarding their positive and negative experiences with their closest social relationships, as well as assessments of their blood pressure, heart rate, stress and coping. Having more positive experiences in social relationships was generally associated with better coping, lower stress and lower blood pressure, according to the study.
But having social relationships which bounce between good and bad often can be unhelpful. When there is a lot of volatility, the negative experiences seemed to have a bigger impact on a person than the positive, said lead study author Brian Don of the University of Auckland.
Then, how to build good social relationships Adam Smiley Poswolsky, a workplace belonging expert, suggests starting small. Text a friend that you haven’t talked to in a long time, meet one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. “If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call,” Poswolsky added.
There might not be just one definition of a good friendship, but most strong relationships share some similar qualities, he said. They tend to prioritize laughter, joy, excitement, courage, and non-judgmental support. And good friendships are often two people helping each other become better versions of themselves, he added. “You know someone is a true friend when they have your back when you’re sick, when you lose your job, when you make a mistake, when you’re stressed, when you’re sad,” Poswolsky said.
17．How was the study carried out
A．By doing regular check-ins on devices.
B．By following the participants for three days.
C．By interviewing the closest friends of participants.
D．By monitoring the health conditions of participants.
18．What does the underlined word “volatility” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Pressure. B．Association. C．Changeability. D．Certainty.
19．Which statement will Poswolsky probably agree with
A．Friendship is about being always available.
B．Friendship is based on shared interests and hobbies.
C．Friendship begins with tiny moments of connection.
D．Friendship means always having positive interactions.
20．Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from
A．A questionnaire survey. B．A personal diary.
C．A biology textbook. D．A news report.
主题语境分类专项训练「人与自我 - 生活与学习」⑤
限时35分钟 姓名：___________班级：___________学号：___________得分：___________
Passage 1（2025·辽宁沈阳·一模）
Traditional methods employed for the diagnosis (诊断) of mental-health conditions require that patients engage in direct communication with a doctor. While these methods appears sensible in theory, such assessments can, in practical terms, extend over a period of several months, and furthermore, the diagnoses are ultimately subject to a degree of subjectivity.
It is precisely for this reason that scientists are actively involved in experimental efforts to automate this diagnostic process. For instance, large language models (LLMs) possess the capacity to analyze literally recorded interviews in search of speech patterns and contextual clues indicating psychological disorders. However, text-based AI has its limitations. Cultural distinction, language barriers, and varying levels of fluency in language can impact the results. It has also been demonstrated that LLMs have a tendency to mirror the linguistic discriminations in society. In one study, an LLM failed to diagnose depression in black patients compared with white patients.
Consequently, the novel methods currently under development do not focus on individual words but on the way those words are spoken. An AI model, for example, is intended to detect slight changes in a patient’s voice. The researchers assume that individuals with depression may possess distinctive ways of speaking that are not very noticeable for the human to detect.
The system uses “pre-training”, a technique by which the model is initially exposed to vast quantities of general speech, to help it recognize complex speech patterns. These patterns might include variations in rhythm, pitch (音高) variability and voice quality that human can rarely catch. This pre-trained acts as a linguistic tuning fork, enabling the system to pick out complex variations in speech that might potentially signal depression, without the necessity of comprehending the words themselves. Subsequently, the researchers adjusted, or “fine-tuned” this general-purpose system specifically for the detection of depression with the aid of recordings of patients with depression. This method was 95% accurate when tasked with categorizing its severity based on one clinical rating extent.
Diagnosis, though valuable, is only the first step. Different people with the same condition often require customized treatments for the symptoms (症状) they find most troubling. The next step for this promising technology seems self-evident—build AI models that can help doctors personalize the treatments they give to patients.
21．What’s the challenge text-based AI faces in Paragraph 2
A．It cannot deeply analyze speech patterns.
B．It cannot reflect linguistic discriminations.
C．It cannot correctly recognize contextual clues.
D．It cannot avoid influences from linguistic factors.
22．Why is there pre-training on vast quantities of general speech
A．To recognize complex word patterns. B．To pick out variations in symptoms.
C．To identify complicated voice patterns. D．To understand the words themselves.
23．How will the AI-based technology further develop
A．It will promote its accuracy. B．It will offer tailored treatments.
C．It will diversify its functions. D．It will provide personal diagnosis.
24．What can be the best title for the text
A．Promising AI Treatment B．Diagnosing Mental Disorders with AI
C．Language Models with AI D．Applying AI to Mental Health Treatment
Passage 2（2025·新疆·三模）
Ivy Scott was born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (左心发育不全综合征), meaning only half of her heart functions properly. Despite spending her first birthday in hospital undergoing surgery, Ivy has dedicated to fundraising and delivering presents to children at Alder Hey Hospital in Liverpool since she was two.
Ivy’s condition was detected when her mother, Clare Bouch, did a 20-week pregnancy scan. Further tests revealed the rare condition, which affects only 1 in 4,000 babies. At just eight days old, Ivy underwent her first open-heart surgery. Clare recalled, “Seeing her after surgery was heartbreaking. She was so swollen that she seemed to have boxed ten rounds with Mike Tyson. Though covered in wires and tubes, she made it through eventually.”
Ivy had another surgery the following days and spent her first birthday in hospital. Since then, she has recovered gradually. Under the care of her mother, she could do moderate exercise. Supported by the charity Tiny Tickers, Clare said, “She’s done so well and always has a smile for everyone.”
Ivy began her gifts deliveries in 2018 when she was two, handing out 90 gift bags containing biscuits and personal care items. In 2019, despite a broken leg, she delivered teddy bears to the intensive care unit (ICU). In 2020 and 2021, Ivy raised 1,000 each year through online fundraising. In 2022, she returned to delivering presents, bringing books as gifts. And in 2023, she raised another 1,000 and took in gifts of baby toys and presents for teenagers. Last year, she still delivered over 200 presents. Clare shared, “She’s incredibly thoughtful and always thinks of others.”
Ivy’s selfless spirit continues to inspire others, proving that even with half a heart, she has the biggest heart of all.
25．Why does the author mention Mike Tyson in paragraph 2
A．To show Ivy’s love for boxing.
B．To give an example of a famous person.
C．To emphasize how excellent the surgery was.
D．To describe Ivy’s condition after the operation.
26．What can we infer from the passage about Ivy’s illness
A．It is completely cured after her first surgery.
B．It leads to her depression during her recovery.
C．It requires more than one surgery and attentive care.
D．It prevents her from participating in any physical activities.
27．What can we know about Ivy in her charity work
A．She tries to vary the types of gifts. B．She sticks to the gift delivery every year.
C．She carries out it to prove her selflessness. D．She uses donations from others as presents.
28．Which of the following best describes Ivy’s character
A．Optimistic and humorous. B．Considerate and determined.
C．Curious and adventurous. D．Confident and independent.
Passage 3（24-25高三下·江苏泰州·开学考试）
A recent study from the Food and Mood Centre at Deakin University in Australia has cast light on an alternative approach to managing mild to moderate depression. The research suggests that lifestyle therapy, which includes nutritional consulting and regular physical activity, can be as effective as traditional psychotherapy (心理疗法) in reducing depressive symptoms.
In this study, 182 individuals diagnosed with non-severe depression were randomly assigned to either lifestyle therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The lifestyle therapy group received guidance from a dietitian and an exercise physiologist. These professionals provided evidence-based advice on improving nutrition, particularly through a modified Mediterranean (地中海) diet, and including regular physical exercise into daily routine. Meanwhile, the CBT group was led by psychologists who taught strategies to manage negative thoughts and behaviors, and were provided with workbooks and self-help tools.
Both therapies were structured to match in frequency, duration, environment, and group size, ensuring a fair comparison. The results were promising: the lifestyle therapy group reported a 42% reduction in depression symptoms, whereas those who had traditional psychotherapy experienced a 37% reduction.
Although the study’s sample size was small, indicating the need for further research, it underlines the importance of lifestyle changes in medicine. The researchers point out that while lifestyle changes are the cornerstone of other areas of medicine, such as heart diseases and diabetes, they have traditionally been seen as ‘add-on’ to mental health care. The study’ s findings suggest that this mindset may need to shift.
Importantly, the research does not say that lifestyle changes should replace professional mental health care. Instead, it recommends a comprehensive approach where both lifestyle therapy and traditional psychotherapy are available options. This would allow individuals to access the care that best suits their needs, potentially offering more effective treatment for those fighting with mild to moderate depression.
29．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The significance of the research. B．The consequence of the research.
C．The performance of different subjects. D．The process of conducting the research.
30．What does the underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．A side factor. B．An optional part.
C．A fundamental element. D．A controversial method.
31．What is the suggestion of the research
A．Improve traditional psychotherapy.
B．Include lifestyle changes as an option.
C．Stick to the Mediterranean diet strictly.
D．Replace psychotherapy with lifestyle changes.
32．In which column of a magazine might this text be found
A．Fitness routines. B．Health & wellness.
C．Food adventures. D．Entertainment express.
《新课标高考英语阅读理解主题语境分类专项训练》参考答案3
词汇参考答案
一、核心高频动词
diagnose v. 诊断；判断
cope v. 应对；处理；承受
regulate v. 调节；管控；规范
affect v. 影响；使改变；使感染
impact v. 影响；冲击；对… 产生作用
associate v. 联系；关联；联想
consume v. 吃；喝；消耗；消费
restrict v. 限制；约束；限定
sustain v. 维持；保持；支撑
enhance v. 提高；增强；增进
reduce v. 减少；降低；减轻
trigger v. 触发；引发；促使
reveal v. 揭示；显示；透露
assess v. 评估；评定；估算
recommend v. 推荐；建议；介绍
adapt v. 适应；调整；改编
undergo v. 经历；经受（手术、治疗等）
recover v. 康复；恢复；痊愈
modify v. 调整；修改；使更适合
intervene v. 干预；介入；干扰
二、核心高频名词
psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理特征
depression n. 抑郁症；抑郁；消沉
stress n. 压力；紧张；应力
anxiety n. 焦虑；忧虑；渴望
symptom n. 症状；征兆；表征
therapy n. 治疗；疗法
nutrition n. 营养；营养学
diet n. 饮食；日常食物；规定饮食
surgery n. 手术；外科；诊所
disorder n. 疾病；紊乱；失调
fitness n. 健康；健身；适配性
cognition n. 认知；感知；认识能力
buffer n. 缓冲物；缓解物；缓冲区
diagnosis n. 诊断；判断；诊断结果
treatment n. 治疗；疗法；处理
wellbeing n. 身心健康；幸福；安乐
pressure n. 压力；压强；催促
routine n. 常规；惯例；固定程序
intervention n. 干预；介入；调解
immunity n. 免疫力；豁免权
三、高频形容词&副词
mental adj. 精神的；心理的；脑力的
physical adj. 身体的；物理的；物质的
psychological adj. 心理的；精神上的
nutritional adj. 营养的；滋养的
moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的
clinical adj. 临床的；诊所的；冷静客观的
effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的
significant adj. 显著的；重要的；有意义的
overwhelming adj. 难以承受的；巨大的
ethical adj. 道德的；伦理的；
random adj. 随机的；随意的；任意的
customized adj. 定制的；个性化的
depressive adj. 抑郁的；引起抑郁的
chronic adj. 慢性的；长期的；难以治愈的
ultimately adv. 最终；归根结底；最根本地
gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
effectively adv. 有效地；实际上；事实上
四、固定搭配&短语
mental health 心理健康
physical health 身体健康
coping skill 应对技巧
stress management 压力管理
blood pressure 血压
heart rate 心率
randomised controlled trial 随机对照试验
lifestyle therapy 生活方式疗法
cognitive behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法
social connection 社会联系
emotional regulation 情绪调节
Mediterranean diet 地中海饮食
intensive care unit 重症监护室（ICU）
open-heart surgery 心脏直视手术
immune system 免疫系统
side effect 副作用
health risk 健康风险
sense of belonging 归属感
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B C A C C A D B B A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C A D B C A C C D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C B B D C A B D C
题号 31 32
答案 B B
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C
【知识点】健康饮食 、科普知识 、夹叙夹议
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自己因童年时被灌输饮食观念而影响了与食物的关系，心理学家建议家长在饮食上少干预，作者尝试策略后发现孩子能做更好的饮食决策。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. ‘You don’t want to get fat’ was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. (当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常被告知什么不能吃。“你不想变胖”这句话在我整个童年时期不断重复。这真的搞砸了我与食物的关系 —— 这是我花了多年时间才克服的问题)”可知，作者童年时被灌输的饮食观念对其产生了负面影响，由此可推断出，作者对自己童年时被喂养的方式持批判态度。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. ‘There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,’ she says. ‘It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.’ (根据心理学教授夏洛特·马基的说法，食物是为数不多的家长说得少反而更好的话题之一。“在育儿方面，有很多事情值得深入讨论，但我不认为食物是其中之一，”她说。“这只会给孩子们带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感，这并不健康。”)”可知，马基不赞成家长和孩子过多谈论食物相关的话题，而向孩子解释吃零食的风险属于谈论食物的话题，所以马基不会赞成。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, she recommends applying a well known concept among nutrition experts called the ‘Division of Responsibility,’ where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. (相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，即‘责任划分’，在这个概念中，家长在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，而孩子自己决定想吃什么和吃多少 —— 即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜多)”可知，根据“责任划分”，孩子应该自己做饮食决策。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. (我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我不那么严格限制时，他们确实会做出更好的决策)”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C项。
正文翻译
小时候，总有人告诉我什么东西不能吃。“你可不想长胖吧”这句话，在我的整个童年里反复出现。它彻底打乱了我与食物之间的关系，而我花了数年时间才走出这个阴影。正因如此，我格外注意，绝不把孩子的体重和他们的个人价值挂钩。我会鼓励女儿选择健康的零食，也常常劝阻她不要吃第二份甜点。但有一天，当我听到她说 “我觉得自己太胖了”时，我的心一下子沉了下去。我不禁开始怀疑，给她提零食相关的建议，是否在无意中造成了负面影响。
心理学教授夏洛特 马基表示，饮食是育儿过程中为数不多的、说得越少效果越好的话题之一。“育儿过程中，有很多事情都值得深入沟通，但我认为饮食并不在此列。”她说，“这只会给孩子带来一些本不必要的担忧和不安全感，对他们的身心健康并无益处。”
相反，她建议采用营养专家间一个广为人知的理念 ——“责任划分原则”。按照这个原则，父母在固定的时间为孩子提供种类丰富、以健康为主的食物，而吃什么、吃多少，完全由孩子自己决定 —— 即便这意味着他们偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜还多。
让孩子自主选择饮食，也能让他们亲身体验自己的决定带来的自然结果。马基说：“当你的孩子说‘我肚子疼’时，你可以说‘哦，你吃了太多甜食，要是换种选择，你可能会舒服一点’。要让他们觉得，这件事是自己能掌控的。”
我一直在尝试这些方法，并且发现，当我不再那么严格限制时，孩子们反而真的能做出更合适的选择。“喂养孩子是一场持久战。”马基说，“家里常备的食物会产生深远的影响。即便孩子当下不吃，他们也看在眼里，总有一天会突然理解并接受。”
5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B
【知识点】个人保健、科普知识 、说明文
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讨论了健康研究中确定真正原因的重要性，以及研究人员如何超越相关性来寻找答案。
5．词句猜测题。根据前文“Correlations often exist without implying causation. For instance, chocolate consumption correlates with the number of Nobel Prize winners in some countries.(相关性常常存在，但并不意味着因果关系。例如，在一些国家，巧克力的消费量与诺贝尔奖获得者的数量有关)”以及后文“In turn, wealth relates to education and research funding — key factors behind Nobel achievements.(反过来，财富与教育和研究经费有关——这是诺贝尔奖成就背后的关键因素)”可知，讨论巧克力和诺贝尔奖的联系，所以前句应是“巧克力消费是财富的指标”之意，推知proxy意为“指标”和C项意思相近。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“There’s one interesting contrast, however. In criminal cases, the standard of proof is “beyond reasonable doubt”, but science demands proof based “on the balance of probabilities”. This reflects scientists’ willingness to revise their beliefs when better evidence emerges.(然而，有一个有趣的对比。在刑事案件中，证明标准是“排除合理怀疑”，但科学要求证明基于“可能性平衡”。这反映了科学家在出现更好的证据时愿意修正自己的观点。)”可知，科学家的推断与检察官的结论不同之处在于，科学家愿意在出现更好的证据时修正自己的观点，即他们的推断是开放的、可以更新的。故选A项。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“The gold standard for direct evidence of causation is the randomised controlled trial (RCT), where participants are randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or to be a “control”. This ensures if you see a difference between the two groups, this can only be due to the effect of the intervention, which effectively proves causation.（因果关系直接证据的金标准是随机对照试验(RCT)，参与者被随机分配到接受干预组或“对照组”。这就确保了如果你看到两组之间的差异，这只能是由于干预的效果，从而有效地证明了因果关系。）''可知，RCT被认为是确定因果关系的金标准是因为它确定了干预措施的效果，从而有效地证明了因果关系。故选D项。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Causation in health doesn’t work in a simple way. Factors like lifestyle, genes, and environment interact to determine disease risk. Achieving perfect health requires a variety of actions, as no single habit, superfood, or magic pill is the answer.(健康的因果关系并不简单。生活方式、基因和环境等因素相互作用决定疾病风险。达到完美的健康需要各种各样的行动，因为没有单一的习惯，超级食物或神奇药丸是答案。)”可知，作者建议要整合多种策略来改善健康。故选B项。
正文翻译
在健康研究中，确定真正的因果关系——比如饮酒是否会影响健康——对于人们做出明智的决定至关重要。但“相关性不等于因果关系”是公认的准则。那么，研究人员该如何突破相关性的局限，找到真正的答案呢？
很多时候，两件事存在相关性，并不代表它们之间有因果关系。例如，在一些国家，巧克力消费量与诺贝尔奖获得者的数量呈正相关。难道吃巧克力能提高获得诺贝尔奖的概率吗？当然不能。这种相关性之所以存在，很可能是因为巧克力消费量是一个国家富裕程度的指标，而财富又与教育水平、科研经费息息相关——这些才是获得诺贝尔奖的核心因素。因此，仅仅找到关联是远远不够的，科学家需要更有力的证据来确立因果关系。
化学和物理实验可以通过高度可控的环境，轻松证明变量X如何影响变量Y，但人体生物学研究与之不同，往往只能依赖间接证据。这一过程需要用到“归纳推理”—— 从已有的证据中总结出普遍性的结论。这就好比检察官用间接证据构建刑事案件的逻辑链：单份证据或许不具备说服力，但当证据层层叠加，案件的逻辑就会愈发牢固。不过，两者之间有一个有趣的差异：在刑事案件中，定罪的证明标准是“排除合理怀疑”，而科学研究只要求“基于概率平衡”的证明。这也体现出，当出现更充分的证据时，科学家愿意修正自己的观点。
间接证据对于推断因果关系至关重要，但并非总能得出确凿的结论。而证明因果关系的直接证据的“金标准”，是随机对照试验（RCT）。在这项试验中，参与者会被随机分配到干预组（接受特定干预措施）或对照组（不接受干预）。这就确保了，如果两组之间出现结果差异，只能是干预措施带来的效果，从而有力地证明了因果关系。遗憾的是，伦理考量往往让我们无法开展随机对照试验。例如，我们目前没有“吸烟导致肺癌”的随机对照试验证据，因为现有的间接证据已经足够充分，开展此类研究是违背伦理的。
健康领域的因果关系从来都不是简单的线性关系。生活方式、基因、环境等多种因素相互作用，共同决定了患病风险。想要拥有完美的健康状态，需要多方面的行动，没有哪一种单一的习惯、超级食物或是神奇药丸，能成为解决所有问题的答案。
9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C
【知识点】说明文、大学生活、认识压力
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了大学生面临压力和精神健康问题的多种因素，包括学业压力、经济负担、社会归属感缺失等，并分析了这些因素对学生决策的影响。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段““In college, you have to be managing your time between multiple courses and commitments,” says Leslie Rith-Najarian, a licensed psychologist and psychology lecturer at the University of California-Los Angeles. “Those instructors aren’t coordinating (协调) with each other, so it requires a lot of time management at a time when many students are learning how to manage their schedules on their own for the first time.”(“在大学里，你必须在多门课程和各项事务之间进行时间管理，”加州大学洛杉矶分校持证心理学家兼心理学讲师莱斯利·里斯-纳贾里安表示，“这些老师彼此之间没有协调，所以在许多学生第一次学习如何管理自己的时间表时，这需要大量的时间管理。”)”可知，大学生面临时间管理挑战是因为老师之间没有协调课程负担。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In a study that surveyed 6,000 first-year college students in October 2024, about one-third said they considered dropping out during that fall semester, adding emotional stress and mental health struggles as the two main reasons.(2024年10月对6000名大一学生进行的一项调查显示，约三分之一的学生表示，他们在那个秋季学期考虑过退学，情绪压力和精神健康问题是两个主要原因)”和第四段中“Followed by the feeling like they didn’t belong, sky-high educational expenses was the next most common reason (高昂的教育费用是下一个最常见的原因，其次是感觉他们不属于这里)”可知，2024年学生考虑退学的第三大原因是高昂的教育费用。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We know that social connection is a huge buffer (缓冲) to stress, and if one is sort of feeling like he can’t use that coping skill, it just lends himself to more loneliness and more isolation,” she adds. “That’s a troubling cause of more significant depression.”(“我们知道，社会联系是缓解压力的一个重要缓冲，如果一个人觉得自己无法使用这种应对技巧，那么他就会更加孤独和孤立，”她补充道。“这是导致更严重抑郁症的一个令人不安的原因。”)”可推知，从维尔·赖特关于社会联系的陈述告诉我们缺乏社交联系会增加孤独感和抑郁风险。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“From paying for school and taking exams to finding internships (实习), college students can face overwhelming pressure and demands. Societal, environmental, financial and relational factors are also leading to particularly high levels of stress and mental health concerns, experts say.(从支付学费和参加考试到寻找实习机会，大学生可能会面临巨大的压力和要求。专家表示，社会、环境、经济和人际关系因素也导致了特别高的压力水平和心理健康问题)”可知，文章主要探讨了大学生面临压力和精神健康问题的多种因素，包括学业压力、经济负担、社会归属感缺失等，并分析了这些因素对学生决策的影响。由此可知，C项“Factors causing student stress and mental health issues.(导致学生压力和精神健康问题的因素)”能够概括文章大意。故选C项。
正文翻译
从缴纳学费、应对考试，到寻找实习机会，大学生要面对的压力和要求，往往会让他们不堪重负。专家表示，社会、环境、经济和人际关系等多重因素，正导致大学生出现格外严重的压力问题和心理健康隐患。大多数学生还要适应陌生的环境，第一次独立生活，同时面对全新的责任。对一部分学生来说，这一切最终会演变成难以承受的负担。
“在大学里，你必须在多门课程和各项事务之间做好时间管理。”加州大学洛杉矶分校的持证心理学家、心理学讲师莱斯利 里斯 - 纳贾里安说，“各科老师之间不会互相协调课程安排，因此，在很多学生第一次学着自主管理日程的这个阶段，他们需要具备极强的时间管理能力。”
适度的压力是健康的，甚至能起到激励作用，但研究显示，过高的压力水平，正在影响一部分学生继续攻读学位的决定。2024年10月的一项研究调查了6000名大一新生，约三分之一的学生表示，他们在当年的秋季学期曾考虑过退学，而情绪压力和心理健康问题是两大主要原因。
盖洛普咨询公司和卢米纳基金会联合发布的《2025年高等教育现状报告》基于这项研究得出结论：排在情绪压力、心理健康问题和归属感缺失之后，高昂的教育费用是学生考虑退学的第四大常见原因。美国心理学会医疗创新高级主管维尔 赖特表示：“对于这个年龄段的群体来说，归属感缺失的问题尤其值得关注。”
她补充道：“我们知道，社会联系是缓解压力的重要缓冲，如果一个人觉得自己无法运用这种应对方式，就会陷入更深的孤独与隔绝之中。而这，正是诱发更严重抑郁症的危险诱因。”
13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C
【知识点】记叙文、个人经历、迎接挑战
【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了65岁的退休银行家Steve James 挑战200天完成200 场马拉松，起初遭遇诸多困难但逐渐适应，目前已完成一半赛程，埃克塞特大学的专家对其身体状况进行跟踪研究，他还为英国癌症研究中心筹款的故事。
13．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段““In those first two weeks I was thinking: ‘What have I done ’” James said. “I had horrible blisters (水泡) for the first 10 days. The gout (痛风) struck all of a sudden, but I took some medicine and it went away. Now I feel fine.”(詹姆斯说：“头两周我一直在想：‘我这是干了什么？’头十天我身上起了很严重的水泡。痛风突然发作，但我吃了点药就好了。现在我感觉很好。”)”可推知，该段重点讲述了James在挑战初期遇到的各种困难。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“James has a plan but adapts and changes it.(James有一个计划，但会根据情况调整和改变)”可推知，James的跑步计划会根据实际情况做出改变。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I’m kind of hoping that by then my body will be completely conditioned and I’ll be able to cope with that.(我希望到那时我的身体能完全适应，并且能够应对挑战)”可推知，James对接下来的行程期望是身体能适应后续的跑步挑战。故选B。
16．推理判断题。根据文章首段“But Steve James, a 65-year-old retired banker, has found his feet and reached the halfway mark — an average of 100 marathons in 100 days.(但65岁的退休银行家史蒂夫 詹姆斯已经站稳了脚跟，并达到了一半的目标——平均100天跑100场马拉松。)”以及全文讲述65岁的James完成极端马拉松挑战的内容可推知，文章传递的信息是任何年龄都可以重新定义自己的极限。故选C。
正文翻译
最初的两周艰难至极——难忍的疼痛，加上我猛然意识到，200天跑完200场马拉松，绝非一件轻松的事。但65岁的退休银行家史蒂夫 詹姆斯已经站稳了脚步，完成了赛程的半程 —— 平均100天跑完100场马拉松。
“头两周里，我一直在想：‘我到底做了什么？’” 詹姆斯说，“前10天，我的脚上长了严重的水泡，痛风还突然发作，好在吃了药就缓解了。现在，我已经完全适应了。”
埃克塞特大学的专家们正在全程追踪詹姆斯沿英国海岸线的跑步进程，他们迫切想要弄清楚，这样一场极限挑战，会对一位老年人的身体产生怎样的影响。
这场挑战的核心，是平均每天跑完一场马拉松的距离。有些日子跑的路程会少一点，有些日子则会多一点，没有固定的路线。詹姆斯有一个大致的计划，但会根据实际情况随时调整。至于饮食补给，他并没有遵循顶尖运动员会采用的那种饮食方案。早餐吃麦片、培根，平时会吃蛋糕、炸鱼薯条，晚餐还会配上几杯啤酒。
“这件事的关键在于规律，每天在固定的时间起床、出发。”詹姆斯说，“我热爱这种身体上的挑战。我不是什么天赋异禀的人，但我能一直坚持下去。”
出发前，埃克塞特大学的研究人员对詹姆斯的身体状况进行了评估，他每天都会把数据发给团队进行分析。研究人员重点监测他的卡路里摄入、血氧水平和肌肉指标。目前他的体重已经下降了约10公斤，但团队并未发现他的健康出现任何不良影响。
詹姆斯正在为英国癌症研究中心筹集善款，他会一边跑步一边听音乐打发时间，同时还在学习威尔士语。他希望等自己跑到威尔士的时候，能用当地语言点一杯啤酒。他认为，身体上最难熬的路段，是德文郡和康沃尔郡的北海岸线。“我真心希望，到那个时候，我的身体已经完全适应了这种强度，能够顺利跑完这段路。”
17．A 18．C 19．C 20．D
【知识点】兴趣社交、说明文
【导语】本文是说明文。文章报道了一项研究，揭示了积极社交体验与更好的应对压力、降低血压和生理健康之间的联系。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段“The study followed more than 4,000 people over three weeks as they completed check-ins every three days on their smartphones or smartwatches regarding their positive and negative experiences with their closest social relationships, as well as assessments of their blood pressure, heart rate, stress and coping. (这项研究在三周内跟踪了4000多人，他们每三天在智能手机或智能手表上完成一次签到，了解他们与最亲密的社会关系的积极和消极经历，以及对他们的血压、心率、压力和应对能力的评估。)”可知，研究是通过参与者每三天在他们的智能手机或智能手表上完成签到来进行的，即这项研究是通过在设备上定期签到进行的。故选A。
18．词句猜测题。根据第三段“But having social relationships which bounce between good and bad often can be unhelpful. When there is a lot of volatility, the negative experiences seemed to have a bigger impact on a person than the positive, said lead study author Brian Don of the University of Auckland. (但是，在好与坏之间摇摆的社会关系往往是无益的。奥克兰大学的主要研究作者布莱恩·唐说，当volatility很大时，负面经历似乎比正面经历对一个人的影响更大。)”可知，这里指有的社会关系会在好与坏之间摇摆，所以volatility的意思是“波动”，和选项C“变动性”意思一致。故选C。
19．细节推理题。根据第四段“Then, how to build good social relationships Adam Smiley Poswolsky, a workplace belonging expert, suggests starting small. Text a friend that you haven’t talked to in a long time, meet one new person a month, host a dinner party, or join a class. “If you do just one thing, make a list of five people in your life that you care about, and give one of them a phone call,” Poswolsky added. (那么，如何建立良好的社会关系呢？职场归属感专家Adam Smiley Poswolsky建议从小处着手。给一个你很久没说话的朋友发短信，每月认识一个新朋友，举办一个晚宴，或者参加一个班。Poswolsky补充道：“如果你只做一件事，列出你生活中关心的五个人，给其中一个人打个电话。”)”可知，Poswolsky建议从小事开始，从小的连接时刻开始。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Good friends and good physical health may be even more closely linked than previously thought, new research has found. Researchers discovered that positive social experiences impact not only a person’s stress level and ability to cope, but also markers of physical health, according to a study published Monday in the journal Society for Personality and Social Psychology. (新的研究发现，好朋友和良好的身体健康可能比以前认为的更紧密地联系在一起。周一发表在《人格与社会心理学学会》杂志上的一项研究表明，研究人员发现，积极的社会经历不仅会影响一个人的压力水平和应对能力，还会影响身体健康的标志。)”可知，这篇文章是一篇新闻报道，它介绍了一项新的研究。故选D。
正文翻译
一项新的研究发现，真挚的友谊与良好的身体健康之间的关联，或许比我们此前认为的还要紧密。周一发表在《人格与社会心理学会》期刊上的一项研究显示，研究人员发现，积极的社交体验，不仅会影响一个人的压力水平和应对能力，还会影响其身体健康的各项指标。
这项研究在三周内追踪了4000多名受试者，他们每三天就要通过智能手机或智能手表完成一次信息登记，内容包括自己与最亲密的社交对象之间的积极、消极相处经历，以及对自身血压、心率、压力状态和应对能力的评估。研究发现，总体而言，在社交关系中拥有更多积极体验的人，应对压力的能力更强，压力水平更低，血压也更健康。
但如果一段社交关系时好时坏、波动极大，往往会带来负面影响。该研究的第一作者、奥克兰大学的布莱恩 唐表示，当一段关系的状态频繁变动时，其中的负面经历给人带来的影响，往往会盖过积极经历。
那么，该如何建立健康的社交关系呢？职场归属感专家亚当 斯迈利 波斯沃尔斯基建议，从小事做起。给很久没联系的朋友发条信息，每个月认识一个新朋友，举办一场家宴，或是报名参加一个课程。波斯沃尔斯基补充道：“如果你只想做一件事，那就列出生命中五个你在乎的人，给其中一个打个电话。”
他说，健康的友谊或许没有唯一的定义，但大多数稳固的关系，都有着一些共通的特质。这些关系里，往往充满了欢笑、喜悦、热忱、勇气，以及不带评判的支持。他补充道，好的友谊，往往是两个人互相扶持，都成为了更好的自己。“当你生病、失业、犯错、陷入焦虑、满心悲伤的时候，那个人依然坚定地站在你身后，你就知道，他是你真正的朋友。” 波斯沃尔斯基说。
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．B
【知识点】疾病 、说明文、人工智能
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家如何利用AI技术来自动化诊断精神健康疾病的过程。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, text-based AI has its limitations. Cultural distinction, language barriers, and varying levels of fluency in language can impact the results.(然而，基于文本的AI也有其局限性。文化差异、语言障碍和语言流利程度的不同都会影响结果)”可知，基于文本的AI面临的挑战是它无法避免语言因素的影响。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据第四段“The system uses “pre-training”, a technique by which the model is initially exposed to vast quantities of general speech, to help it recognize complex speech patterns.(该系统使用“预训练”技术，通过这种技术，该模型最初暴露于大量的一般语音中，以帮助它识别复杂的语音模式)”可推知，对大量的一般语言进行预训练是为了识别复杂的语音模式。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Different people with the same condition often require customized treatments for the symptoms (症状) they find most troubling. The next step for this promising technology seems self-evident — build AI models that can help doctors personalize the treatments they give to patients.(患有相同疾病的不同患者往往需要对他们最困扰的症状进行个性化治疗。这项前景广阔的技术下一步似乎显而易见——构建AI模型，帮助医生为患者提供个性化的治疗方案)”可知，基于人工智能的技术将提供量身定制的治疗。故选B。
24．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Traditional methods employed for the diagnosis (诊断) of mental-health conditions require that patients engage in direct communication with a doctor. While these methods appears sensible in theory, such assessments can, in practical terms, extend over a period of several months, and furthermore, the diagnoses are ultimately subject to a degree of subjectivity.(用于诊断精神健康状况的传统方法要求患者与医生进行直接沟通。虽然这些方法在理论上似乎是合理的，但实际上，这种评估可能会持续几个月，而且，诊断最终受到一定程度的主观性的影响)”和第二段“It is precisely for this reason that scientists are actively involved in experimental efforts to automate this diagnostic process.(正是由于这个原因，科学家们积极参与实验工作，使这一诊断过程自动化)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家如何利用AI技术来自动化诊断精神健康疾病的过程。由此可知，B选项“Diagnosing Mental Disorders with AI(用人工智能诊断精神障碍)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
正文翻译
精神健康疾病的传统诊断方法，需要患者与医生进行直接沟通。这些方法在理论上看似合理，但在实际操作中，相关评估往往会持续数月之久，而且最终的诊断结果，在一定程度上难免带有主观性。
正因如此，科学家们正积极开展实验，努力实现这一诊断过程的自动化。例如，大语言模型（LLMs）能够分析文字记录的访谈内容，从中寻找能指示心理疾病的言语模式和语境线索。然而，基于文本的人工智能有其局限性。文化差异、语言障碍、语言流利度的不同，都会影响诊断结果。此外，已有研究证实，大语言模型容易复刻社会中存在的语言歧视。在一项研究中，与白人患者相比，大语言模型未能诊断出黑人患者的抑郁症。
因此，目前正在研发的新方法，关注的重点不再是单个的词汇，而是人们说话的方式。例如，一款人工智能模型，旨在检测患者声音中极其细微的变化。研究人员认为，抑郁症患者可能会形成一种独特的说话方式，这种方式是人耳难以察觉的。
该系统采用了“预训练”技术：先让模型接触海量的日常语音数据，帮助它识别复杂的语音模式。这些模式可能包括人类几乎无法捕捉的节奏变化、音高波动和音质差异。这个预训练模型就像一个语言学音叉，让系统无需理解词汇本身的含义，就能识别出语音中可能预示抑郁症的复杂变化。随后，研究人员借助抑郁症患者的语音记录，对这个通用系统进行调整，也就是“微调”，使其专门用于抑郁症检测。在根据一项临床评分标准对抑郁症严重程度进行分类时，该方法的准确率达到了95%。
诊断固然重要，但也只是第一步。患有同一种疾病的不同患者，针对自己最受困扰的症状，往往需要个性化的治疗方案。这项前景广阔的技术，下一步的发展方向已经不言而喻——构建人工智能模型，帮助医生为患者制定个性化的治疗方案。
25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B
【知识点】疾病 、记叙文、善行义举（个人）
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有左心发育不全综合征的女孩Ivy Scott 在经历多次手术后仍坚持参与公益慈善活动的故事。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Clare recalled, ‘Seeing her after surgery was heartbreaking. She was so swollen that she seemed to have boxed ten rounds with Mike Tyson.’(Clare回忆道：“手术后见到她令人心碎。她肿得好像和Mike Tyson打了十局。)”并结合常识可知，MikeTyson是一位很厉害的拳击运动员，和他打了十局，应该是肿得很厉害。由此推知，作者提到Mike Tyson是为了用比喻生动描述Ivy术后肿胀的外貌，强调经历手术后其身体状况的严重性。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。文中第二段内容“At just eight days old, Ivy underwent her first open-heart surgery.(8天大的时候，Ivy接受了她的第一次心脏直视手术。)”提到Ivy 在出生后8天接受第一次开胸手术；第三段内容“Ivy had another surgery the following days and spent her first birthday in hospital. Since then, she has recovered gradually. Under the care of her mother, she could do moderate exercise.( Ivy在接下来的几天里又做了一次手术，并在医院度过了她的第一个生日。从那以后，她逐渐康复了。在妈妈的照顾下，她可以做适度的运动。)”提到随后又经历了手术，在医院里度过了第一个生日，并在母亲和慈善机构的照料下逐渐恢复。由此可推断，她的病情需要多次手术和持续护理。故选C项。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段内容“…handing out 90 gift bags containing biscuits and personal care items(分发90个装有饼干和个人护理用品的礼品袋)”，“…she delivered teddy bears to the intensive care unit(ICU)(她把泰迪熊送到了重症监护室)”，“In 2022, she returned to delivering presents, bringing books as gifts. And in 2023, she raised another 1,000 and took in gifts of baby toys and presents for teenagers.(2022年，她重新开始送礼物，带来书籍作为礼物。2023年，她又筹集了1000英镑，并收到了婴儿玩具和青少年礼物。)”的描述，Ivy自2018 年起每年赠送不同类型的礼物，如饼干、泰迪熊、书籍、婴儿玩具等，可见她在礼物种类上不断变化。故选A项。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Though covered in wires and tubes, she made it through eventually.(尽管身上布满了电线和管子，她最终还是挺了过来。)”可知，她很小的时候就经历了难熬的手术，同时文章第四段内容“Ivy began her gifts deliveries in 2018 when she was two, handing out 90 gift bags containing biscuits and personal care items.(Ivy从2018年开始送礼物，当时她两岁，分发了90个装有饼干和个人护理用品的礼品袋。)”提及Ivy长期坚持慈善活动，其母亲评价她“thoughtful and always thinks of others(考虑周到，总是为他人着想)”。由此可推知她“体贴且坚定（Considerate and determined.）”。故选B项。
正文翻译
艾薇 斯科特天生患有左心发育不全综合征，这意味着她的心脏只有一半能正常工作。尽管她的一岁生日是在医院的手术中度过的，但从两岁起，艾薇就一直致力于为利物浦奥尔德嘿医院的孩子们筹集善款、送去礼物。
艾薇的母亲克莱尔 鲍奇在怀孕20周做产检扫描时，就发现了她的病情。进一步的检查确诊了这种罕见的疾病，每4000名新生儿中，仅有1例会患病。艾薇出生仅8天，就接受了第一次心脏直视手术。克莱尔回忆道：“手术后看到她的那一刻，我的心都碎了。她全身肿得厉害，就像和拳王迈克 泰森打了十个回合一样。尽管身上插满了各种导线和管子，她最终还是挺了过来。”
在那之后的几天里，艾薇又接受了一次手术，她的一岁生日，也是在医院里度过的。从那以后，她的身体逐渐康复。在母亲的照料下，她可以进行适度的锻炼。在慈善机构“小心跳”的帮扶下，克莱尔说：“她做得太棒了，永远对每个人都笑脸相迎。”
艾薇从2018年两岁时就开始送礼物，当时她送出了90个装有饼干和个人护理用品的礼品袋。2019年，尽管腿摔骨折了，她还是坚持给重症监护室的孩子们送去了泰迪熊。2020和2021年，艾薇每年都通过线上募捐筹集了1000英镑。2022年，她重新开始上门送礼物，把书籍作为礼物送给孩子们。2023年，她又筹集了1000英镑，收集了婴儿玩具和适合青少年的礼物。去年，她依然送出了200多份礼物。克莱尔说：“她心思特别细腻，永远都在为别人着想。”
艾薇无私的精神，始终在激励着更多人。她用亲身经历证明，即便心脏只有一半在跳动，她也拥有着世界上最丰盈、最宽广的心灵。
29．D 30．C 31．B 32．B
【知识点】个人保健、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚迪肯大学的研究表明生活方式疗法可缓解抑郁。
29．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In this study, 182 individuals diagnosed with non-severe depression were randomly assigned to either lifestyle therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The lifestyle therapy group received guidance from a dietitian and an exercise physiologist.(在这项研究中，182名被诊断为非重度抑郁症的个体被随机分配到生活方式疗法组或认知行为疗法（CBT）组。生活方式疗法组接受了营养师和运动生理学家的指导)”以及“Meanwhile, the CBT group was led by psychologists who taught strategies to manage negative thoughts and behaviors, and were provided with workbooks and self-help tools.(与此同时，CBT组由心理学家领导，教授管理负面思维和行为的策略，并提供了工作簿和自助工具)” 可知，该段详细介绍了研究中 182 名被诊断为非严重抑郁症的个体被随机分组，以及生活方式疗法组和认知行为疗法组各自接受的不同指导等内容，也就是讲述了进行这项研究的过程。故选D。
30．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Although the study’s sample size was small, indicating the need for further research, it underlines the importance of lifestyle changes in medicine. (尽管该研究的样本量较小，表明需要进一步的研究，但它强调了生活方式改变在医学中的重要性)” 以及划线单词所所在的句子“such as heart diseases and diabetes, they have traditionally been seen as ‘add-on’ to mental health care(诸如心脏病和糖尿病等疾病，传统上被视为心理健康护理的“附加项”)”可知，这里强调了生活方式改变在医学中的重要性，也就是说生活方式改变是其他医学领域（如心脏病和糖尿病）的基本因素，所以划线单词意为“基本要素”。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Importantly, the research does not say that lifestyle changes should replace professional mental health care. Instead, it recommends a comprehensive approach where both lifestyle therapy and traditional psychotherapy are available options.(重要的是，这项研究并没有说生活方式的改变应该取代专业的心理健康护理。相反，它建议采用一种综合的方法，在这种方法中，生活方式疗法和传统心理疗法都是可选的方案)”可知，研究建议采取综合的方法，将生活方式疗法和传统心理疗法都作为可选择的方式，也就是把生活方式的改变纳入选择中。故选B。
32．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第一段中“The research suggests that lifestyle therapy, which includes nutritional consulting and regular physical activity, can be as effective as traditional psychotherapy (心理疗法) in reducing depressive symptoms.(研究表明，包括营养咨询和定期体育活动在内的生活方式疗法在减少抑郁症状方面可能与传统心理疗法一样有效)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现生活方式疗法对轻中度抑郁有效，由此可知，这篇文章可能出现在杂志的“健康与保健”一栏。故选B。
正文翻译
澳大利亚迪肯大学食物与情绪研究中心的一项最新研究，为轻中度抑郁症的治疗找到了一种新方法。研究表明，包含营养咨询和规律体育锻炼在内的生活方式疗法，在缓解抑郁症状方面，能达到与传统心理疗法同等的效果。
在这项研究中，182名被确诊为非重度抑郁症的受试者，被随机分配到生活方式疗法组和认知行为疗法组。生活方式疗法组由营养师和运动生理学家提供专业指导，这些专业人士会基于科学依据，为受试者提供改善营养的建议（主要是改良版地中海饮食），并指导他们将规律的体育锻炼融入日常生活。与此同时，认知行为疗法组由心理学家带队，教授受试者管理负面想法和行为的策略，并为他们提供练习手册和自助工具。
两种疗法在开展频率、持续时长、实施环境和小组规模上都做了匹配设置，确保对比结果的公平性。研究结果十分喜人：生活方式疗法组的受试者抑郁症状缓解率达到42%，而接受传统心理疗法的受试者，缓解率为37%。
尽管这项研究的样本量较小，仍需进一步的研究验证，但它凸显了生活方式的改变在医学领域的重要性。研究人员指出，在心脏病、糖尿病等其他医学领域，生活方式的改变早已是治疗的核心基础，但在心理健康护理领域，它历来只被视为“辅助手段”。这项研究的结果表明，这种固有观念或许需要改变了。
重要的是，这项研究并非认为生活方式的改变可以取代专业的心理健康护理。相反，它建议采用综合治疗方案，将生活方式疗法和传统心理疗法都作为可选择的治疗手段。这能让患者获得最适合自身需求的护理方案，也有望为与轻中度抑郁症抗争的患者，提供更有效的治疗。