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教学课件
译林英语七年级上册
Unit1 语法专项——一般现在时(be动词)
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
1.理解一般现在时(be动词)的核心定义和3大使用场景
2.熟记be动词am/is/are的形式,掌握与不同主语的搭配规则
3.能熟练转换肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句并正确回答
4.能在简单对话、造句和翻译中准确运用be动词
5.规避be动词使用中的常见错误,夯实基础
一般现在时(be动词)核心定义
1.是英语基础时态,专门描述现在的情况
2.核心作用:表达客观事实、当前状态、人/物的身份
3.特点:无时间变化,描述的是现阶段固定/真实的情况
4.仅由be动词am/is/are体现时态,无其他动词变形
用法1 - 表达人/物的身份
1.场景:直接说明某人的职业、身份或事物的属性
2.关键:身份是固定的,现阶段不会轻易改变
示例:I am a student.(我是一名学生,职业身份)
示例:This is a pencil.(这是一支铅笔,事物属性)
用法2 - 表达当前的状态
1.场景:描述人/物的年龄、外貌、心情、特征等
2.关键:状态是现阶段的,侧重“当前怎么样”
示例:She is 13 years old.(她13岁,年龄状态)
示例:We are happy.(我们很开心,心情状态)
用法3 - 表达客观事实/位置
1.场景:描述客观存在的事实、人/物的具体位置
2.关键:事实是真实存在的,位置是当前的
示例:They are in Class 2.(他们在二班,位置)
示例:The school is big.(这所学校很大,客观事实)
be动词的三种基础形式
1.一般现在时(be动词)的核心:只有am/is/are三种形式
2.三种形式无其他变形,不可混用、乱用
3.选择依据:完全由主语的人称、单复数决定
4.核心原则:主语和be动词必须严格对应,一一匹配
be动词与主语搭配表(第一人称)
主语类型 对应be动词 人称/单复数 搭配说明
I(我) am 第一人称单数 唯一搭配,无例外
we(我们) are 第一人称复数 复数主语统一用are
be动词与主语搭配表(第二人称)
主语类型 对应be动词 人称/单复数 搭配说明
you(你) are 第二人称单数 特殊点:单数也用are
you(你们) are 第二人称复数 单复数形式一致,均用are
you的单复数写法相同,be动词均固定用are
例句:You are my friend.(你)/ You are students.(你们)
be动词与主语搭配表(第三人称单数)
主语类型 对应be动词 包含范围
he/she/it is 第三人称人称代词
单数名词 is 如:the teacher, a book
指示代词this/that is 表单数的指示代词
只要是第三人称单数主语,统一搭配is
例句:It is a cat. / That is a desk.
be动词与主语搭配表(第三人称复数)
主语类型 对应be动词 包含范围
they(他们/它们/她们) are 第三人称人称代词
复数名词 are 如:the students, my books
指示代词these/those are 表复数的指示代词
所有第三人称复数主语,统一搭配are。例句:They are my classmates. / These are pens.
搭配示例专项(am的专属用法)
am的唯一主语:I,无任何其他主语可搭配
例句1:I am Millie.(我是米莉,表身份)
例句2:I am from Nanjing.(我来自南京,表位置)
例句3:I am very happy today.(我今天很开心,表状态)
搭配示例专项(is的单数用法)
主语均为单数,涵盖人称、名词、指示代词
例句1:He is our English teacher.(人称代词he)
例句2:The bag is blue.(单数名词the bag)
例句3:This is our classroom.(指示代词this)
搭配示例专项(are的复数/第二人称用法)
主语为复数或第二人称you,单复数均适用
例句1:You are a good student.(you表“你”,单数)
例句2:We are in Grade 7.(第一人称复数we)
例句3:Those are our books.(指示代词those,复数)
一般现在时(be)- 肯定句结构
1.标准结构:主语 + be动词(am/is/are)+ 其他成分
2.结构拆解:主语(谁/什么)+ be动词(根据主语选)+ 表身份/状态/位置的内容
3.核心要求:结构顺序不可颠倒,be动词位置固定
4.成分说明:“其他”可省略,仅保留主+be也成立(如:I am.)
肯定句例句解析(带结构标注)
1.I / am / a student at Sunshine Middle School.(主+be+身份)
2.She / is / 12 years old.(主+be+状态)
3.This / is / a new pen.(主+be+事物属性)
4.They / are / in the classroom.(主+be+位置)
5.We / are / very friendly.(主+be+特征)
一般现在时(be)- 否定句结构
1.标准结构:主语 + be动词 + not + 其他成分
2.变形关键:在be动词后直接加not,无需改变其他单词
3.核心要求:be动词和not紧密相连,位置不可调换
4.否定含义:对原肯定句的内容进行完全否定,前后意思相反
be动词否定式的缩写规则
1.is not → isn't(最常用,口语、书面语均可)
2.are not → aren't(最常用,无其他缩写形式)
3.am not → 无官方缩写形式,只能完整书写
缩写规则:仅适用于口语和非正式书面语,正式文体用完整形式
否定句例句(完整式+缩写式)
1.肯定:He is tall. → 否定:He is not tall. / He isn't tall.
2.肯定:They are in Class 1. → 否定:They are not in Class 1. / They aren't in Class 1.
3.肯定:I am happy. → 否定:I am not happy.(无缩写)
4.肯定:This is a book. → 否定:This is not a book. / This isn't a book.
一般现在时(be)- 一般疑问句结构
1.标准结构:Be动词 + 主语 + 其他成分?
2.变形关键:把be动词提到主语前面,首字母大写
3.标点要求:句尾必须用问号,不可用句号
4.核心变化:仅调换be动词和主语位置,其他单词不变
一般疑问句的回答规则
1.回答分两种:肯定回答(Yes)+ 否定回答(No)
2.肯定回答结构:Yes, + 主语(代词)+ be动词.
3.否定回答结构:No, + 主语(代词)+ be动词 + not.
4.回答要求:主语必须用代词,be动词与问句保持一致
一般疑问句问答示例(1)
1.问句:Am I late (我迟到了吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, you are.(是的,你迟到了)
否定回答:No, you are not. / No, you aren't.
2.问句:Is she your classmate (她是你的同学吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, she is.
否定回答:No, she is not. / No, she isn't.
一般疑问句问答示例(2)
1.问句:Are you a student (你是一名学生吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, I am.
否定回答:No, I am not.
2.问句:Are they in Grade 7 (他们在七年级吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, they are.
否定回答:No, they are not. / No, they aren't.
基础练习1 - 用am/is/are填空
1.______ you a middle school student Yes, I ______.
2.My mother ______ a teacher. She ______ very kind.
3.We ______ in Class 3. Our classroom ______ big.
4.That ______ a new bag. It ______ blue.
5.They ______ my friends. They ______ from Shanghai.
Are
am
is
is
are
is
is
is
are
are
基础练习2 - 句型转换 (肯定变否定)
1.I am from Beijing. → I ______ ______ from Beijing.
2.He is 13 years old. → He ______ ______ 13 years old.
3.This is our school library. → This ______ ______ our school library.
4.We are happy at school. → We ______ ______ happy at school.
5.They are good at English. → They ______ ______ good at English.
am not
is not
is not
are not
are not
基础练习3 - 句型转换(肯定变一般疑问句并回答)
1.She is a nurse. → ______ ______ a nurse
→ Yes, ______ ______.
2.It is a pencil box. → ______ ______ a pencil box
→ No, ______ ______.
3.You are in Class 2. → ______ ______ in Class 2
→ Yes, ______ ______.
Is she
she is
Is it
it isn't
Are you
I am
提升练习1 - 完成对话
A: Hi, Li Ming! (1) ______ you new here
B: Yes, I (2) ______. My name (3) ______ Li Ming.
A: Nice to meet you! I (4) ______ Wang Hao. We (5) ______ in the same class.
B: Great! (6) ______ this our classroom
A: Yes, it (7) ______. Our classmates (8) ______ very friendly.
B: I (9) ______ very happy to meet you all.
Are
am
is
am
are
Is
is
are
am
提升练习2 - 单项选择(考点辨析)
1.— ______ this your English book — No, it ______.
A. Is; isn't B. Are; aren't C. Is; is
2.My sister ______ 10 years old. I ______ 12 years old.
A. is; am B. am; is C. are; am
3.— Are they your friends — Yes, ______.
A. they are B. he is C. it is
4.______ am a student. ______ classroom is big.
A. I; My B. He; His C. You; Your
A
A
A
A
提升练习3 - 连词成句
1.am, I, Grade 7, in (.)
2.is, not, this, pen, my (.)
3.are, you, how, ( )
4.is, she, teacher, our, English (.)
I am in Grade 7.
This is not my pen.
How are you
She is our English teacher.
拓展练习1 - 翻译句子
1.我是阳光中学的一名学生。
2.她不是我的英语老师。
3.这是我们的新教室。
4.他们在七年级二班。
I am a student at Sunshine Middle School.
She isn't / is not my English teacher.
This is our new classroom.
They are in Class 2, Grade 7.
拓展练习2 - 翻译句子
1.你开心吗?是的,我很开心。
2.那不是一支钢笔,它是一支铅笔。
3.我的朋友们都很友好。
Are you happy Yes, I am very happy.
That isn't / is not a pen. It is a pencil.
My friends are all very friendly.
易错点提醒1 - 主语与be动词搭配错误
1.错误:I is a student. → 正确:I am a student.
2.错误:You is my friend. → 正确:You are my friend.
3.错误:They is in Class 1. → 正确:They are in Class 1.
提醒:牢记搭配规则,单数/复数、人称要分清
易错点提醒2 - 句式变形错误
1.错误:I not am happy. → 正确:I am not happy.
2.错误:Is you a student → 正确:Are you a student
3.错误:Yes, I is. → 正确:Yes, I am.
提醒:否定句not跟在be后,疑问句be提前,回答主谓一致
本单元语法总结
1.核心时态:一般现在时(be动词),表身份、状态、客观事实
2.核心动词:am/is/are,与主语人称、单复数严格对应
3.三大句式:肯定句(主+be+其他)、否定句(主+be+not+其他)、一般疑问句(Be+主+其他?)
4.回答规则:Yes/No+主语代词+be动词(否定加not)
5.核心要求:搭配无误、语序正确、标点规范
教学课件
Unit1 语法专项——一般现在时(be动词)
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