Unit 7 语法专项课件(共32张PPT)some,any there be- 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级上册

(共32张PPT)
教学课件
译林英语七年级上册
Unit7 语法专项——some/any的用法 + there be句型
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
1 掌握some和any的核心用法及不同句式的选择规则
2 熟记there be句型的肯定、否定、疑问三种基本结构
3 理解并能灵活运用there be句型的就近原则
4 能结合语境正确使用some/any和there be完成各类填空
5 规避两大语法点的高频易错点，提升运用准确性
语法点总述
本单元重点掌握两大基础语法点，均为日常交际高频考点
1 some/any：表“一些”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词
2 there be句型：表“某地/某时有某物”，核心是主谓一致
两大语法点常结合考查，需区分清楚、灵活搭配
关键：根据句式场景选some/any，根据名词定there be形式
some/any核心定义与共性
some和any均为不定代词，核心含义为一些
共性1：后可接可数名词复数（如some books/any pens）
共性2：后可接不可数名词（如some water/any milk）
共性3：不能接可数名词单数，表“一个”用a/an
示例：some apples（√） any rice（√） some book（×）
some/any基本用法规则（表格版）
句式场景 选用词 核心示例
肯定句 some I have some orange juice.
否定句 any She doesn’t have any pens.
一般疑问句 any Do you need any help
特殊疑问句 any What any things do you like
some/any的特殊用法（疑问句用some）
特殊场景：疑问句中表提议、请求、委婉邀请，期待肯定回答
此时不用any，必须用some，让语气更委婉、礼貌
常见引导词：Can/Would/May（如Can I... Would you like... ）
示例1：Can I have some bread （请求）
示例2：Would you like some tea （邀请/提议）
some/any基础例句对比
肯定句（some）
1 We buy some vegetables in the supermarket.
2 There is some milk in the fridge.
否定句（any）
1 I don’t have any money with me. 2 There aren’t any eggs in the basket.
一般疑问句（any）
1 Do you see any birds in the tree 2 Is there any juice in the bottle
some/any特殊用法例句（疑问句用some）
1 Can we buy some fruits for the party （请求）
2 Would you like some cakes for dessert （提议）
3 May I have some paper, please （请求）
4 Can you give me some advice （请求）
技巧：看到表“请求/提议”的疑问句，直接用some
some/any高频易错点提醒
易错点1：肯定句用any，否定/疑问句用some（×）
错例：I have any books. 正例：I have some books.
易错点2：接可数名词单数（×）
错例：some apple 正例：an apple / some apples
易错点3：提议/请求的疑问句中用any（×）
错例：Would you like any water 正例：Would you like some water
some/any基础小练习
用some或any填空，注意句式场景
1.They have __________ nice toys in their room.
2.Do you have __________ time to help me
3.He doesn’t drink __________ coffee in the evening.
4.Can I get __________ paper from your desk
5.Is there __________ rice in the bowl
some
any
any
some
any
there be句型核心定义
there be句型是英语特有的句型，表某地有某物/某时有某事
核心：强调“存在有”，即“某地/某处存在什么东西”
区别于have/has（表“拥有”，主语是人/物）
示例：There is a cat under the chair.（某地有某物）
I have a cat.（某人拥有某物）
there be句型的基本结构（肯定句）
根据后面的名词单复数/不可数，分两种结构
1 There is + 可数名词单数/不可数名词 + 地点/时间
示例：There is a tree in the park. / There is some tea in the cup.
2 There are + 可数名词复数 + 地点/时间
示例：There are many students in the classroom.
记忆：单/不可数用is，复数用are
there be句型的基本结构（否定句）
在be动词后加not，否定形式有缩写，some变any
1 There is not（isn’t）+ 单/不可数名词 + 地点（any）
示例：There isn’t any bread on the plate.
2 There are not（aren’t）+ 复数名词 + 地点（any）
示例：There aren’t any flowers in the garden.
关键：否定句中，原有的some必须换成any
there be句型的基本结构（一般疑问句）
将be动词提前至句首，some变any，句末用问号
回答用：Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn’t/aren’t.
1 Is there + 单/不可数名词 + 地点（any）？
例：Is there a shop near here → Yes, there is.
2 Are there + 复数名词 + 地点（any）？
例：Are there any books on the desk → No, there aren’t.
there be句型基础例句（三句式）
肯定句
1 There is a pen in my pencil-case. 2 There are some trees near the river.
否定句
1 There isn’t any water in the glass. 2 There aren’t any desks in the room.
一般疑问句
1 Is there a library in your school 2 Are there any apples in the basket
there be句型的核心原则——就近原则
定义：当there be后接两个及以上名词时，be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定
近单则单，近复则复，后面的名词不影响be动词形式
口诀：谁离得近，就跟谁走
这是本句型的高频考点，必须熟练掌握
就近原则 例句解析（一）
1 There is a book and two pens on the desk.
解析：离be动词最近的是a book（单数），故用is
2 There is some milk and some cakes in the fridge.
解析：离be动词最近的是some milk（不可数），故用is
3 There is a teacher and many students in the classroom.
解析：离be动词最近的是a teacher（单数），故用is
就近原则例句解析（二）
1 There are two pens and a book on the desk.
解析：离be动词最近的是two pens（复数），故用are
2 There are some cakes and some milk in the fridge.
解析：离be动词最近的是some cakes（复数），故用are
3 There are many students and a teacher in the classroom.
解析：离be动词最近的是many students（复数），故用are
there be句型vs have/has（核心区别）
语法点 核心含义 主语 示例
there be句型 存在有 物/地点 There is a dog outside.
have/has 拥有 人/有生命的物 I have a dog.
易错提醒：两者不能混用，不能说There have...（×） there be句型高频易错点提醒
易错点1：违背就近原则，看后面的名词定be动词（×）
错例：There are a book and two pens. 正例：There is a book and two pens.
易错点2：否定/疑问句中不用any，仍用some（×）
错例：There isn’t some rice. 正例：There isn’t any rice.
易错点3：和have/has混用，说There have...（×）
错例：There have a pen. 正例：There is a pen.
there be句型基础小练习
用there is/there are/there isn’t/there aren’t填空
1._______________ a new park near our home.
2._______________ any bananas in the fruit bowl.
3._______________ some bread and eggs on the table.
4._______________ many beautiful flowers in the garden.
5._______________ a football and two basketballs under the bed.
There is
There aren’t
There is
There are
There is
进阶练习题（一）——some/any综合填空
用some或any填空，兼顾基本规则和特殊用法
1.Would you like __________ ice cream for dessert
2.We don’t have __________ homework today.
3.They want to buy __________ new clothes for the new year.
4.Is there __________ orange juice in the fridge
5.Can you give me __________ help with my English
some
any
some
any
some
进阶练习题（二）——there be句型变形
1.There is a shop near the school.（改为否定句）
→ ________________________________________
2.There are some books on the desk.（改为一般疑问句）
→ ________________________________________
3.There isn’t any water in the bottle.（改为肯定句）
→ ________________________________________
4.Are there any trees in the park （作肯定回答）
→ ________________________________________
There isn’t a shop near the school.
Are there any books on the desk
There is some water in the bottle.
Yes, there are.
提升练习题（一）——语法综合填空
用some/any或there be的正确形式填空
1._______________ not _______________ milk in the glass. I need _______________.
2.Do you have _______________ good books to read
3._______________ a big supermarket on this street. _______________ many kinds of food in it.
4.She doesn’t want _______________ coffee, but she wants _______________ tea.
There is
some
some
any
There is
There are
any
some
提升练习题（二）——语法综合填空
用some/any或there be的正确形式填空
1._______________ there _______________ pens in your pencil-case Yes, _______________ are _______________.
2.We can buy _______________ fruits in the shop, but there aren’t _______________ bananas.
3._______________ a book and some pens in my schoolbag.
4.Can we get _______________ water I’m very thirsty.
Are
any
there
some
some
any
There is
some
提升练习题（三）——单句改错
找出下列句子中的错误并改正，每题一处错误
1.There have a new desk in my room. → _______________
2.I don’t have some apples in my bag. → _______________
3.There are a pen and two rulers on the desk. → _______________
4.Would you like any juice → _______________
5.Is there some rice in the bowl → _______________
have→is
some→any
are→is
any→some
some→any
综合练习题（一）——短文填空
用some/any或there be的正确形式填空，完成短文
My home is near a small street. __________ (1) many shops near my home. First, __________ (2) a fruit shop next to the gate. We can buy __________ (3) fresh fruits there, but there aren’t __________ (4) grapes today.
Next to the fruit shop, __________ (5) a small supermarket. __________ (6) some bread, milk and snacks in it. I often buy __________ (7) milk and bread there. __________ (8) not __________ (9) big toys in it, but we can buy __________ (10) small stationery.
There are
there is
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any
There is
There are
some
There is
any
some
两大语法点解题技巧总结
some/any解题技巧
1 先判断句式：肯定句用some，否定/一般疑问句用any
2 再看语境：表请求/提议的疑问句，直接用some
3 检查：后接名词是否为复数/不可数，避免接单数
there be解题技巧
1 先看名词：单/不可数用is，复数用are
2 有多个名词：用就近原则，看离be最近的名词
3 否定/疑问：be加not/提前，some必须变any
高频易错点汇总（全单元）
some/any易错点
1 肯定句用any，否定/疑问句用some
2 接可数名词单数，如some apple
3 提议/请求疑问句用any，如Would you like any tea
there be句型易错点
1 违背就近原则，近单用are/近复用is
2 否定/疑问句中some不变any
3 和have/has混用，出现There have...
4 忘记be动词的缩写，如there is not写成there not is
核心知识点总结（一）——some/any
1 核心含义：一些，后接可数名词复数/不可数名词
2 基本规则：肯定句some，否定/一般疑问句any
3 特殊规则：请求/提议的疑问句，用some表委婉
4 关键：根据句式场景+语境选择，不接单数名词
核心知识点总结（二）——there be句型
1 核心含义：某地/某时有某物，表“存在有”
2 基本结构：肯定（is/are）、否定（isn’t/aren’t+any）、疑问（Is/Are there+any ）
3 核心原则：就近原则，be动词由最近的名词决定
4 易混区分：和have/has不同，表“拥有”用have/has，表“存在”用there be
教学课件
Unit7 语法专项——some/any的用法 + there be句型
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