Unit 5 Work education 语法专项课件(共30张PPT)冀教英语八年级上册

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名称 Unit 5 Work education 语法专项课件(共30张PPT)冀教英语八年级上册
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(共30张PPT)
教学课件
冀教英语八年级上册
Unit5 语法专项—— 定语(Attributes)
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
1. 掌握定语的核心定义,明确其修饰作用
2. 熟练掌握5种核心定语类型及用法(本单元重点)
3. 牢记定语的位置规律(前位、后位),避免混淆
4. 能准确识别、运用定语,完成各类题型练习
5. 拓展定语用法,能在语境中灵活运用定语使句子更具体
什么是定语(核心定义)
定语是修饰、限定名词(或代词)的成分
核心作用:说明名词的性质、特征、数量、所属、地点等
目的:让名词的含义更具体,区分泛指与特指
通俗理解:给名词“加修饰、做描述”,让读者更清楚所指事物
例:a book(泛指一本书)→ a new book(特指一本新书,new是定语)
定语的核心类型(总览)
本单元重点掌握5种定语类型 :
1. 形容词作定语(最常用,前位)
2. 复合形容词作定语(连字符连接,前位)
3. 介词短语作定语(后位,高频考点)
4. 名词作定语(前位,说明类别)
5. 副词作定语(后位,表时间/地点)
定语类型1:形容词作定语
核心要点:最基础、最常用的定语类型
位置:通常放在被修饰的名词前面(前位定语)
作用:描述名词的性质、特征、状态
例句1:This is an interesting story.(interesting修饰story)
例句2:She has a kind heart.(kind修饰heart)
注意:修饰不定代词(nothing, something)时,形容词放后面
形容词作定语(易错点+练习)
易错点:形容词修饰不定代词(nothing, anything等),需后置
错误:a difficult nothing → 正确:nothing difficult
错误:something new → 正确:something new(无错误,牢记后置)
小练习:判断对错并改正
1. It is a beautiful flower.( ) 2. I have anything important.( )
定语类型2:复合形容词作定语
核心要点:由多个词通过连字符“-”连接而成
位置:放在被修饰的名词前面(前位定语)
作用:更精准地描述名词的属性、特征
例句1:It was a three-day trip.(three-day修饰trip,表时长)
例句2:She is a 12-year-old girl.(12-year-old修饰girl,表年龄)
注意:连字符连接的词,名词不用变复数
复合形容词作定语(易错点)
高频易错点:连字符后的名词不能加s
错误:a two-hours meeting → 正确:a two-hour meeting
错误:a five-days holiday → 正确:a five-day holiday
拓展:常见复合形容词结构
数字+名词(单数):three-month(三个月的)
形容词+名词+ed:kind-hearted(热心的)
定语类型3:介词短语作定语
构成:介词 + 名词/代词/动名词(如about, to, in, near等)
位置:通常放在被修饰的名词后面(后位定语)
作用:说明名词的地点、内容、所属等
例句1:I like the book about nature.(about nature修饰book)
例句2:The girl in red is my classmate.(in red修饰girl)
介词短语作定语
常用介词:to(到……)、about(关于……)、in(在……里)
常用介词:near(在……附近)、of(……的)、with(带有……)
例句1:a trip to the zoo(to the zoo修饰trip,表目的地)
例句2:a cup of tea(of tea修饰cup,表所属)
例句3:a house near the park(near the park修饰house,表地点)
注意:介词短语必须后置,不能放在名词前面
定语类型4:名词作定语
核心要点:用名词修饰另一个名词,简洁明了
位置:通常放在被修饰的名词前面(前位定语)
作用:说明被修饰名词的类别、用途、材料等
例句1:a rice farm(rice修饰farm,表用途:种水稻的农场)
例句2:a book shop(book修饰shop,表类别:书店)
拓展:名词作定语时,通常用单数形式
名词作定语(易错点+拓展)
易错点:名词作定语,一般用单数,不用复数
错误:a books store → 正确:a book store
错误:a rice’s farm → 正确:a rice farm(不用所有格)
特殊情况:man/woman作定语,单复数随被修饰词变化
例:a woman teacher → two women teachers
小练习:写出下列短语的正确形式(名词作定语):苹果园________
定语类型5:副词作定语
核心要点:用法较特殊,数量较少,重点记例句
位置:通常放在被修饰的名词后面(后位定语)
作用:主要说明名词的时间、地点、状态
例句1:The meeting today is very important.(today修饰meeting )
例句2:The people here are very friendly.(here修饰people,表地点)
注意:只有少数副词(today, here, there等)可作定语
定语位置规律
核心规律:分前位定语和后位定语,记准位置不混淆
前位定语(放名词前):形容词、复合形容词、名词
例:a cute cat(形容词)、a two-day trip(复合形容词)
例:a shoe factory(名词)
后位定语(放名词后):介词短语、副词
例:a cat in the box(介词短语)、the film tomorrow(副词)
定语位置规律
定语类型 位置 示例
形容词 前位 a beautiful flower
复合形容词 前位 a 10-minute break
名词 前位 a coffee cup
介词短语 后位 a girl from China
副词 后位 the news yesterday
拓展:多个形容词作定语的顺序
基本顺序:大小 → 颜色 → 材质 → 名词
例句1:a small black bag(大小+颜色)
例句2:a big red wooden desk(大小+颜色+材质)
易错点:不能颠倒顺序
错误:a black small bag → 正确:a small black bag
基础练习1:识别定语(写出修饰的名词+定语)
请找出下列句子中的定语,格式:修饰的名词+定语
1. She has a lovely dog.
2. The park near my home is very big.
3. He read a book about space last night.
4. This is a two-hour class.
5. The students here are hard-working.
修饰的名词:dog;定语:lovely(形容词)
修饰的名词:park;定语:near my home(介词短语)
修饰的名词:book;定语:about space(介词短语)
修饰的名词:class;定语:two-hour(复合形容词)
修饰的名词:students;定语:here(副词)
基础练习2:用合适的定语填空(1)
1. I bought a __________ (红色的) pen yesterday.
2. We will have a trip __________ (去农场) next week.
3. There is a __________ (高大的) tree in front of our school.
4. She likes the song _________________ (关于友谊).
5. He has a _____________ (有趣的) storybook.
red
to the farm
tall
about friendship
interesting
基础练习3:用合适的定语填空(2)
6. The boy __________ (穿白色衣服的) is my brother.
7. This is a photo ______________ (我的朋友).
8. They joined an __________ (户外的) activity.
9. The book ______________ (在椅子上) is mine.
10. She has a _____________ (3岁的) little sister.
in white
of my friends
outdoor
on the chair
3-year-old
进阶练习1:单项选择(1)
1. We need a __________ dictionary for our English class.
A. new English B. English new C. new and English
2. The girl __________ is my best friend.
A. in pink B. pink C. a pink
3. He had a __________ rest after working for two hours.
A. ten-minutes B. ten minute C. ten-minute
A
A
C
进阶练习2:单项选择(2)
4. I like the coat __________ is made of wool.
A. who B. which C. what
5. There is nothing __________ in this box.
A. important B. importance C. importantly
6. The __________ teacher is very kind to us.
A. woman B. women C. woman’s
B
A
A
进阶练习3:单项选择(3)
7. We visited a __________ farm last weekend.
A. apple B. apples C. apple’s
8. The film __________ we watched last night is great.
A. who B. that C. where
9. She has a __________ black cat.
A. small B. small a C. a small
10. The meeting __________ is at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
A. today B. tomorrow C. yesterday
A
B
A
A
进阶练习4: 判断下列短语中定语位置是否正确,正确写T,错误写F并改正
1. a tree tall → __________
2. a trip to Beijing → __________
3. a five-days holiday → __________
4. the boy in the classroom → __________
5. a book interesting → __________
F, a tall tree
T
F, a five-day holiday
T
F, an interesting book
句型转换(给名词加定语)
要求:每句加1个前位定语+1个后位定语
1. She has a bag. → She has a __________ bag __________.
2. We took a photo. → We took a __________ photo __________.
3. He bought a bike. → He bought a __________ bike __________.
4. They had a meal. → They had a __________ meal __________.
beautiful
on the desk
nice
of my family
new
from the shop
delicious
with vegetables
易错题再练
1. 改正错误:a two-hours class → ________________________
2. 改正错误:a red small car → ________________________
3. 改正错误:nothing important → _______________________
4. 改正错误:a farm apple → ________________________
5. 改正错误:the girl red → ________________________
a two-hour class
a small red car
正确
an apple farm
the girl in red
易错题再练
1. 选择:The __________ are working hard.
A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher
2. 选择:There is something __________ in the box.
A. interesting B. interest C. interested
3. 改正错误:a book on the desk is mine → ______________________
4. 改正错误:a 5-years-old boy → ________________________
B
A
The book on the desk is mine
a 5-year-old boy
定语用法拓展:分词作定语(补充)
1. 现在分词(doing)作定语:表主动、进行,常后置
例:The boy reading a book is my brother.(reading修饰boy)
2. 过去分词(done)作定语:表被动、完成,常后置
例:The letter written by my father is on the desk.(written修饰letter)
注意:分词作定语,通常放在被修饰名词后面
课堂总结(1)
1. 定语核心:修饰、限定名词/代词,让含义更具体
2. 5种核心类型:形容词、复合形容词、介词短语、名词、副词
3. 位置规律:前位(形容词、复合形容词、名词)
后位(介词短语、副词、分词)
4. 核心易错点:复合形容词连字符后名词用单数、形容词修饰不定代词后置
课堂总结(2)
5. 拓展要点:多个形容词作定语的顺序(大小→颜色→材质)
6. 解题技巧:识别定语先找名词,再看前后修饰成分
7. 运用技巧:写作中加入定语,让句子更生动、具体
8. 重点提醒:牢记各类定语的位置,避免混淆
教学课件
Unit5 语法专项—— 定语(Attributes)
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