(共111张PPT)
单元质量检测（一） Face values
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间
来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who won first place in the contest？（ ）
A. John. B. Linda. C. Jim.
2. Why does the woman want to go shopping？（ ）
A. To pick a gift for Tom.
B. To buy a toy for herself.
C. To meet Tom in the supermarket.
3. What is the weather like now？（ ）
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy.
4. What are the speakers talking about？（ ）
A. Their dreams.
B. Their interests.
C. Their present jobs.
5. Why will Bob go to Mrs Wang’s office？（ ）
A. To see a doctor.
B. To ask for sick leave.
C. To hand in his report.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the woman get the book？（ ）
A. From the classroom.
B. From a bookstore.
C. From the school library.
7. What does the woman probably think of the book？（ ）
A. Boring. B. Funny. C. Difficult.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman suffering from？（ ）
A. A fever. B. A cough. C. A headache.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（ ）
A. Colleagues.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man say about the little girl？（ ）
A. She wears a red dress.
B. She wears pink shoes.
C. She has golden hair.
11. What was her mother doing when the girl was lost？（ ）
A. Picking peaches on a tree.
B. Answering a call.
C. Paying for fruit.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place？（ ）
A. At home.
B. On the street.
C. At the police station.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does Jason often go these days？（ ）
A. Middle schools.
B. High schools.
C. Colleges.
14. Why does the girl want to go to a mixed school？（ ）
A. She wants to study with Jason.
B. She can make more friends there.
C. She thinks it beneficial to dealing with boys.
15. What does Jason advise the girl to do？（ ）
A. Talk with her mother.
B. Make a decision by herself.
C. Follow her mother’s advice.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers？（ ）
A. Neighbours.
B. School friends.
C. Father and daughter.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker like doing in the morning？（ ）
A. Preparing breakfast.
B. Running for a while.
C. Doing morning reading.
18. How does the speaker usually go to college？（ ）
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bike.
19. How long does the speaker usually sleep every night？（ ）
A. For seven hours.
B. For eight hours.
C. For seven and a half hours.
20. What does the speaker often do in his spare time？（ ）
A. He often takes part in interest clubs.
B. He often goes out with his friends.
C. He often watches sports matches.
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：Congratulations， John！ I heard you won first place in the contest.
M：No， Linda.It was not me.It was Jim.You should congratulate him
on his success.
（Text 2）
W：Mike， what about going shopping？ I want to buy a toy.
M：Why？ You’re no longer a little kid.
W：It’s for Tom.I plan to give him a surprise for his hard work.
M：OK. Let’s go.
（Text 3）
M：Look！It’s raining cats and dogs outside.It was sunny a few minutes
ago.
W：The weather is typical for this area.You’ll get used to it soon.
（Text 4）
W：What do you dream of doing in the future？
M：I dream of being a violinist.What about you？
W：I want to become a scientist， and hope to work in space one day.
（Text 5）
W：Bob， you don’t look well.What’s wrong？
M：I don’t feel well in my stomach.
W：You should take sick leave and go to see a doctor immediately.
M：You’re right.I’ll go to Mrs Wang’s office right now.
（Text 6）
M：What are you reading， Susan？
W：A book about robots.But it is not a science book.
M：I thought you were reading a novel.Don’t you only love reading
novels？
W：Well， I wanted to have a change， so I picked this book when I
visited the school library last week.
M：How do you like it？
W：It’s not bad.It kept me laughing all the way through.You can give it
a try after I finish reading it.
（Text 7）
M：Hey， are you OK？ You are coughing.Have you got a cold or flu？
W：No， I don’t think so.I was totally alright before I came here.
M：Then what’s wrong with you？
W：I guess it’s the painting.I heard the office next to ours was repainted
last weekend.
M：But I can smell nothing.Maybe I’m not as sensitive as you are.You
should get away from the office for a few days， like taking a holiday.
W：Yes.I will take a holiday.
（Text 8）
W：Mark， I saw you reading news in the dining room just now.Did
anything special happen today？
M：Yes.It was reported that a six-year-old girl is missing.Her mother
can’t find her anywhere.
W：What is the girl wearing？
M：She’s wearing a pink dress and a pair of red shoes.She has long
golden hair and big blue eyes.
W：Where was the girl before her mother found she was missing？
M：In a fruit shop.Her mother was picking some peaches while answering
a phone call.
W：Is she fat or thin？
M：She is thin and small for her age.
W：Now I see.I hope the girl can come back to her family soon.Perhaps
we should help keep an eye on it.
M：Good idea！
（Text 9）
W：Hi， Jason.How is everything going？
M：Not bad.
W：We will soon finish middle school.Have you decided which senior
high school to go to？
M：Not yet.I’m still visiting schools these days.I haven’t made a final
decision yet.What about you？
W：My mother suggests that I go to the No.8 Girls’ School.
M：It is a very good school.
W：Yes， but I prefer a mixed school.I think it’s important for girls to
know how to deal with boys.After leaving high school， we’ll go to a
college for both boys and girls.And when we work， we’ll have to deal
with men， too.
M：I totally agree.You should have a talk with your mother.
W：I will.Have you finished your homework？
M：Yes.
W：I came across a math problem.Could you help me out？
M：Certainly.
（Text 10）
M：Good morning， everyone.I’m glad to be here to talk about my
daily life as a college student.I usually get up at 7：00 am every
morning.After brushing my teeth and washing my face， I do a morning
run outdoors.When I return， it’s usually time for breakfast.After that，
I gather my things such as pencils， exercise books， and textbooks， and
then cycle to school.Generally， we take 2 to 4 classes every day.After
school， I like doing my homework at the library， because it is very
quiet there.At about 7：00 pm， I return home and have dinner with my
parents.I usually go to bed at 11：00 pm.
In my spare time， you can often see me appear in some interest
clubs like the sports club and the Chinese calligraphy club.Sometimes， I
also go to my friends’ places.In addition， during the early autumn and
summer I often go to the playground.I like joining in different sports
events.
That’s all.Thank you.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
（2024·广东滨海华附高二下月考）Throughout the world，
museums allow people to explore new cultures and topics through their
collections and exhibitions.Check out this comprehensive list of the best
museums and galleries throughout the world with one-of-a-kind displays
that educate and inspire.
Musée D’Orsay in Paris
The Musée D’Orsay， once a railway station， houses an
internationally famous collection of Impressionist art and other Western
pieces from 1848 and 1914.Started in 1986， the white limestone walls
are now home to some of the most notable artworks in France， like
sculptures by Auguste Rodin and paintings by Paul Gauguin.
Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa in Cape Town
With the help of design firm Heatherwick Studio， the once century-
old grain silo （谷粮仓） in the heart of Cape Town transformed into a
museum which hosts international events and exhibitions to provide an
intercultural look into the world of African art.Works from revolutionary
artists such as Kudzanai Chiurai of Zimbabwe and Wangechi Mutu of
Kenya decorate the nine floors of the museum.
Bangkok National Museum
The first national museum in Thailand， whose structures can date
back to 1782 when they served as the palace of Prince Wang Na.Nearly
100 years later， the grounds were transformed into a museum with three
differently themed galleries： a Thai History Gallery， an Archaeological
and Art History collection， and a Decorative Arts and Ethnological
Collection.
The National Palace Museum in Taipei
The National Palace Museum included artwork from the Ming and
Qing Dynasties.The permanent collection features nearly 700，000 pieces
of imperial artifacts and includes calligraphic works by Tang Yin.
Click here for more information about this list.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最好的四所
博物馆。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最好的四所
博物馆。
21. If you take interest in traditional Chinese culture， which museum
may you visit？（ ）
A. Musée D’Orsay in Paris.
B. Bangkok National Museum.
C. The National Palace Museum in Taipei.
D. Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa in Cape Town.
解析： 细节理解题。根据The National Palace Museum in
Taipei部分中的The National Palace Museum included artwork from
the Ming and Qing Dynasties.可知，台北故宫博物院里主要展出了
中国明清时期的艺术品。由此可知，如果对中国传统文化感兴
趣，可以参观台北故宫博物院。
22. What do the first three museums have in common？（ ）
A. All used to have other uses.
B. All are more than 100 years old.
C. All are redesigned by architects.
D. All contain works by Western artists.
解析： 细节理解题。根据前三个博物馆的描述可知，巴黎奥
赛博物馆曾经是一个火车站，开普敦的非洲蔡茨当代艺术博物馆
曾经是一个粮仓；泰国国家博物馆曾经是太子的宫殿。由此可
知，文章中前三个博物馆的共同之处是都曾经另作他用。
23. From which is the text probably taken？（ ）
A. A travel brochure. B. A local newspaper.
C. A cultural website. D. A business magazine.
解析： 文章出处题。文章主要介绍了世界上最好的四所博物
馆，内容与文化相关。根据Click here for more information about
this list.可知，本文可能来自与文化相关的网站。
B
（2024·江苏苏州中学高二下月考）I was 18 when I first went to
sea as a tourist.As a teenager who always looked for novelty and a real
adventure， I joined the Merchant Navy immediately after school.I got a
round-the-world journey as my first trip we went to South Africa，
Australia and New Zealand and sailed down the Panama Canal.Over the
next 15 years， I enjoyed a joyful life as a steward， working long hours
but playing hard.Then on the evening of my 33rd birthday in November
1983， we stopped in Trinidad and a group of us went to the land to
celebrate.But when I opened my eyes at noon the next day， I knew I was
suffering from more than just the typical effects of being drunk and staying
up all night — I found I could see nothing.
As I was helped off the ship， I tried to calm down， assuming the
situation was temporary.Later， I flew back to the UK and was examined
by a specialist.He told me I had a rare serious medical condition， which
could make me blind for the rest of my life.I couldn’t process what I’d
heard at first； it just didn’t seem to make sense.
In the following months， I felt my life was over.I had lost not only
my sight but also my independence — I was trapped in my house with no
income.At first， I found it difficult to make my way from one room to
another， and the thought of going outside filled me with anxiety.
The turning point came when I went on a camping holiday with other
visually impaired people — it made such a difference to be able to talk to
people who understood my situation.Later， I started a two-year course at
the Royal National Institute for the Blind， learning new skills.Halfway
through the course， I got my first guide dog， Otis， which changed
everything.I had a friend who always stayed with me — it was as if all the
difficulties had disappeared and the sense of regained freedom was
exciting.
Shortly after that， I started working again， and have since enjoyed
a rewarding career with organizations that help visually impaired people.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者本来是爱冒
险，过着快乐生活的人，在失明后作者曾经一度难以接受，在和相
同处境的人交流后作者重新开始了生活。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者本来是爱冒
险，过着快乐生活的人，在失明后作者曾经一度难以接受，在和相
同处境的人交流后作者重新开始了生活。
24. What kind of life did the author live before his 33rd birthday？
（ ）
A. Hard but rewarding.
B. Regular and boring.
C. Lonely but peaceful.
D. Adventurous and happy.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的As a teenager who always
looked for novelty and a real adventure， I joined the Merchant Navy
immediately after school.和Over the next 15 years， I enjoyed a
joyful life as a steward可知，作者在33岁生日之前过着爱冒险又快
乐的生活。
25. How did the author probably feel after learning about his condition
from the UK specialist？（ ）
A. Shocked. B. Relaxed.
C. Regretful. D. Disappointed.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的I couldn’t process what
I’d heard at first； it just didn’t seem to make sense.可知，从英
国专家那里得知他的病情后，他无法接受专家所说的话。因此，
作者可能觉得很震惊。
26. What changed the author’s attitude towards his life with blindness？
（ ）
A. The company of a guide dog.
B. A course in special education.
C. A talk with others having similar struggles.
D. A rewarding job helping other blind people.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，和有相同
困境的人交谈改变了作者对失明生活的态度。
27. What would be the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Knowledge Has No Limit
B. Losing Sight Doesn’t End My Life
C. Regained Freedom Is More Valuable
D. Guide Dogs Help Rebuild My Confidence
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者本
来是爱冒险，过着快乐生活的人，在失明后作者曾经一度难以接
受，在和相同处境的人交流后作者重新开始了生活。因此B项
（失明并没有结束我的生活）为文章最佳标题。
C
（2024·湖南娄底涟源部分学校高二下月考）Scientists say they
have created a new device that can turn brain signals into electronic
speech.The invention could one day give people who have lost the ability
to speak a better way of communicating than current ones.
The device was developed by researchers from the University of
California， San Francisco.Their results were recently published in a
study in the journal Nature.Scientists created a “brain machine
connection” that was set in the brain.The device was built to read and
record brain signals that helped control the muscles to produce
speech.These include the lips， tongue and jaw.
The study involved five volunteer patients who were being treated for
epilepsy （癫痫）.The individuals had the ability to speak and already
had electrodes （电极） set in their brains.The volunteers were asked to
read several hundred sentences aloud while the researchers recorded their
brain activity.
The researchers used audio recordings to reproduce the vocal （发声
的） muscle movement which is the key to producing human
speech.Future studies will test the technology on people who are unable to
speak.
The study reports the reproduced sentences were understandable to
hundreds of human listeners asked to write out what they heard.The
listeners were able to write out 43 per cent of sentences with perfect
accuracy.
Edward Chang is a professor of the university’s Weill Institute.He
was a lead researcher on the project.Chang admitted that much more
research of the system would be needed to reach the goal of perfectly
reproducing spoken language.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们表示，他们已经发明了一
种可以将大脑信号转换成电子语音的新设备。这项发明有一天可能
会给那些失去说话能力的人提供比现在更好的交流方式。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家们表示，他们已经发明了一
种可以将大脑信号转换成电子语音的新设备。这项发明有一天可能
会给那些失去说话能力的人提供比现在更好的交流方式。
28. Who will probably benefit most from this device？（ ）
A. Those unable to hear.
B. Those unable to see.
C. Those unable to speak.
D. Those unable to write.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的The invention could one
day give people who have lost the ability to speak a better way of
communicating than current ones.可推知，这种新设备会让那些不
能说话的人最受益。
29. What do we know about the “brain machine connection”？
（ ）
A. It could control the muscles.
B. It could produce human speech.
C. It could transform brain signals.
D. It could read and record brain signals.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The device was built to
read and record brain signals that helped control the muscles to
produce speech.可知，brain machine connection可以读取和记录大
脑信号。
30. Which of the following is important for production of human speech？
（ ）
A. Brain activity.
B. Muscle control.
C. Audio recording.
D. Vocal muscle movement.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The researchers used
audio recordings to reproduce the vocal （发声的） muscle
movement which is the key to producing human speech.可知，发声
肌肉运动对人类语言的产生是至关重要的。
31. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？（ ）
A. Science. B. Fashion.
C. Education. D. Entertainment.
解析： 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可
以将大脑信号转换成电子语音的新设备。由此可推知，本文可能
出现在报纸的科学版。
D
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday
dinner with extended family， it can be extremely frustrating.But parents
can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just
acting on impulse （冲动）.
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents
can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important
for success later in life.By learning self-control， kids can make
appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can
yield positive outcomes.For example， if you say that you’re not serving
ice cream until after dinner， your child may cry， plead， or even
scream hoping that you will give in.But with self-control， your child can
understand that a temper tantrum （发脾气） means you’ll take away
the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be， resist the urge to yell when you’re
disciplining your kids.Instead， be persistent and matter of fact.During a
child’s meltdown， stay calm and explain that yelling， throwing a
tantrum， and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviours that have
consequences.Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the
upper hand.For example， if your child gets upset in the grocery store
after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy， don’t give in —
thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and
ineffective.Also， consider speaking to your child’s teachers about
classroom settings and appropriate behaviour expectations.Ask if problem-
solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself.If you’re in an annoyed
situation in front of your kids， tell them why you’re frustrated and then
discuss potential solutions to the problem.For example， if you’ve
misplaced your keys， instead of getting upset， tell your kids the keys
are missing and then search for them together.If they don’t turn up，
take the next constructive step.Show that good emotional control and
problem-solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对孩子而言培养自
控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对孩子而言培养自
控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。
32. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2？（ ）
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句可知，本
段主要讲述自控力对孩子们来说会对他们未来的成功很重要。
33. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown？
（ ）
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Instead， be persistent
and matter of fact ... and slamming doors are unacceptable
behaviours that have consequences.可知，家长需要坚持，持续不断
地教育孩子自控的重要性。此外，家长需要就事论事，从实际角
度考虑。
34. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in Paragraph
3？（ ）
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviours.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviours alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
解析： 句意理解题。根据第三段中的Instead， be persistent and
matter of fact ...that have consequences.以及if your child gets upset
in the grocery store after ...and ineffective.可知，我们想要孩子知
道的是，发脾气不被外人接受，也对你手头的事情没有任何的帮
助。由此猜测，画线部分意为“发脾气对孩子没有好处”。
35. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph？（ ）
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And model good self-
control yourself.可知，这一段在讲作为家长，我们也需要塑造自
己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜样，即好榜样是最好的说教。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·重庆璧山来凤中学高二下月考）Nowadays hair loss is a
common concern for many young people in China， and it can be caused
by a variety of factors.36.（ ）
One common cause of hair loss in young people is genetics.Male and
female pattern baldness is a hereditary （遗传的） condition that can lead
to hair thinning and loss.37.（ ） And it also features overall thinning
of the hair in women.
In addition to genetics， certain medical conditions and treatments
can also contribute to hair loss in young people.Conditions such as thyroid
（甲状腺） disorders， different diseases， and hormonal imbalances
can all lead to hair thinning.Additionally， undergoing treatments such as
chemotherapy or radiation therapy can result in temporary hair loss.
38. （ ） Poor nutrition， too busy work， and certain
hairstyling practices can contribute to hair thinning.For example， a diet
lacking in essential nutrients， such as protein， iron， and vitamins，
can impact the health of the hair and scalp （头皮）.
39. （ ） This includes tight hairstyles， frequent use of heat
styling tools， and harsh chemical treatments.Additionally， emotional
stress and mental health conditions can contribute to hair loss in some
individuals.
To address hair loss in young people， it is important to identify the
underlying cause.Consulting with a healthcare professional， such as a
dermatologist （皮肤病医生） or trichologist.40.（ ）
Treatment options may include topical medications， and hair
restoration procedures.
In conclusion， hair loss among young people can be attributed to a
variety of factors， including genetics， medical conditions， and
lifestyle choices.
A. Lifestyle factors can also play a role in hair loss among young
individuals.
B. Furthermore， extreme tension on the hair can lead to hair damage and
loss.
C. Understanding the causes can help individuals take active steps to
address the issue.
D. Overall， it highlights the need for greater support for individuals
experiencing this issue.
E. This can help determine the reason for hair loss and develop a
personalized treatment plan.
F. This type of hair loss is often characterized by a disappearing hairline or
thinning crown in men.
G. Additionally， the pressure to maintain a certain appearance may lead
to increased levels of anxiety.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了引起脱发的原因以
及如何解决脱发问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了引起脱发的原因以
及如何解决脱发问题。
36. C 上文指出脱发的原因有多种，下文介绍了脱发的原因。由此
可知，空处承上启下，指出我们应该了解脱发的原因，C项（了解原
因可以帮助个人采取积极措施来解决问题）符合语境。
37. F 上文指出脱发是一种遗传性疾病，下文介绍了这种脱发的特
点，其中的also表明空处也应是介绍脱发的特点，F项（这种类型的脱
发通常以男性发际线消失或发冠变薄为特征）符合语境。
38. A 下文指出营养不良、工作太忙以及某些发型设计方法都会导
致头发稀疏，营养不良、工作太忙以及某些发型设计方法这些都属于
生活方式方面的因素，A项（生活方式因素也会导致年轻人脱发）符
合语境，能够概括本段主旨。
39. B 下文介绍了使头发脱落的一些做法，空处应指出This的具体内
容，B项（此外，使劲拉伸头发会导致头发受损和脱落）符合语境。
40. E 上文指出要咨询医疗保健专业人士，空处承接上文，指出这
么做的好处，E项（这可以帮助确定脱发的原因并制订个性化的治疗
计划）符合语境，This代指上文Consulting with a healthcare
professional。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
（2024·广东汕头河溪中学高二下月考）At 20 years old， I was a
confident and handsome student at the University of California at Berkey.
But that year， I 41 a bump （肿块） in my right nostril （鼻
孔）， and when it didn’t go away， I made an 42 with a doctor.It
turned out to be a tumor （肿瘤）.Then I underwent
surgery.Fortunately， the procedure was 43 ， and I returned to
classes soon.
But six months later， a new bump appeared.Numerous 44
confirmed it had reproduced a horrible， life-threatening tumor.I was
advised to have another operation and 45 that I might lose part of my
nose.I was too young to think about death then， but the thought of
disfigurement （毁容） made me feel 46 .
I awoke from the surgery with a scarred， disfigured face.As I re-
entered the real world， I noticed adults 47 and children pointing —
and sometimes laughing — at me.The occasional and 48 negative
reactions from my friends also hurt me.My self-respect sank increasingly
lower， and I constantly asked others， “Do my looks 49 you？”
Five years and 20 reconstructive surgeries later， I 50 a man
receiving treatment.After hearing my question， he criticized me.My
problem， he 51 me， was not my physical appearance， but my
emotional insecurity.His 52 helped me realize my mental scars were
far more disfiguring than my physical ones.
I began examining myself from the inside out.Later， I volunteered
at a cancer support organization to offer inspiration and hope to
those 53 cancer.
Now， I am 54 for who I am — a much stronger person than
before.To you， I offer this message： Avoid making judgements about
people at 55 .
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为鼻孔的肿瘤动了手术，脸
上留下了疤，在受到嘲笑时作者自尊心越来越低，后来作者遇到了
一个人，那个人告诉作者不应该只在乎外表。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为鼻孔的肿瘤动了手术，脸
上留下了疤，在受到嘲笑时作者自尊心越来越低，后来作者遇到了
一个人，那个人告诉作者不应该只在乎外表。
41. A. took charge of B. took care of
C. took control of D. took notice of
解析： 根据a bump （肿块） in my right nostril可知，作者注意
到自己的鼻孔里有一个肿块。take charge of负责；take care of照
顾；take control of控制；take notice of注意到。
42. A. appointment B. arrangement
C. commitment D. placement
解析： 根据with a doctor可知，作者预约看医生。
appointment预约；arrangement安排；commitment承诺；
placement安置，安顿。
43. A. severe B. minor
C. apparent D. complicated
解析： 根据下文I returned to classes soon可知，作者做的那个
手术很小，所以很快又回去上学了。severe严重的；minor小的；
apparent明显的；complicated复杂的。
44. A. novelists B. specialists
C. impressionists D. journalists
解析： 根据confirmed it had reproduced a horrible， life-
threatening tumor可知，作者有了一个可怕的肿瘤，是专家才能证
实的。novelist小说家；specialist专家；impressionist印象派画家；
journalist新闻工作者。
45. A. advocated B. predicted
C. warned D. witnessed
解析： 根据下文I might lose part of my nose可知，作者可能会
失去一部分鼻子，这是医生给作者的警告。advocate拥护，提
倡；predict预测；warn警告；witness目击。
46. A. desperate B. enthusiastic
C. delicate D. optimistic
解析： 根据第一段中的I was a confident and handsome student
可知，作者以前是很帅的，一想到毁容，作者肯定会感到绝望。
desperate绝望的；enthusiastic热情的；delicate脆弱的；optimistic
乐观的。
47. A. smiling B. glaring
C. glancing D. staring
解析： 根据上文a scarred， disfigured face可知，作者脸上有
疤，大人会盯着作者看，小孩会用手指着作者。smile微笑；glare
怒视；glance一瞥；stare盯着看。
48. A. unusually B. unintentionally
C. unconventionally D. unselfishly
解析： 根据下文negative reactions from my friends可知，朋友
肯定是无意中才会给作者负面的反应。unusually极其，非常；
unintentionally无意地；unconventionally不依惯例地；unselfishly无
私地。
49. A. bother B. impress
C. annoy D. restrict
解析： 根据上文可知，作者注意到其他人对自己指指点点，
有时候还会嘲笑，作者心里会想是不是自己的长相烦扰到了其他
人。bother烦扰；impress使留下深刻印象；annoy使恼怒；restrict
限制，控制。
50. A. greeted B. persuaded
C. encountered D. grasped
解析： 根据下文a man receiving treatment可知，作者在经历了
5年和20次重建手术后，遇到了一个正在接受治疗的男人。greet问
候；persuade说服；encounter遭遇；grasp抓牢。
51. A. abused B. defended
C. informed D. motivated
解析： 根据下文was not my physical appearance， but my
emotional insecurity可知，那个人告知作者，作者的问题不在于作
者的外表，而在于作者的情感缺乏安全感。abuse虐待；defend保
卫；inform告知；motivate激励，激发。
52. A. relief B. security
C. defence D. honesty
解析： 根据上文可知，那个人告诉了作者作者的问题是什
么，说明那个人是诚实的，这种诚实让作者意识到作者精神上的
伤疤远比身体上的伤疤更难看。relief宽慰，轻松；security安全；
defence保卫；honesty诚实。
53. A. going about B. relating to
C. wrestling with D. breaking with
解析： 根据上文offer inspiration and hope to those和下文cancer
可知，作者是为那些与癌症搏斗的人提供灵感和希望。go about进
行，忙于；relate to与……有关；wrestle with与……搏斗；break
with与……断绝关系。
54. A. greedy B. grateful
C. suitable D. tolerant
解析： 根据下文a much stronger person than before可知，作者
比以前更坚强，所以作者对此是感激的。greedy贪婪的；grateful
感激的；suitable适当的；tolerant宽容的。
55. A. mental vitality B. physical fitness
C. social acceptance D. face value
解析： 根据上一段首句可知，作者开始从内到外审视自己，
所以作者是想告诉读者不要以貌取人。mental vitality精神活力；
physical fitness身体健康；social acceptance社会认可；face value表
面价值。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
（2024·江苏南通高二下月考）Chengdu is a famous historical and
cultural city with a history of over 3，000 years.56.
（locate） in the west plain in the Sichuan Basin， it serves as the
provincial center 57. politics， economy， culture， and
transportation.Known as the land of abundance， Chengdu boasts
plentiful local 58. （product）， a pleasant climate， a
large number of historical sites， and fine traditional handicrafts well
known both at home and abroad.
Chengdu is known for its tea houses！ There are hundreds， maybe
thousands.A good tea to get is the 59. （local） produced
jasmine bamboo leaf green tea， which enjoys greater fame in
60. （compare） with other types in China.
Some great local delicacies include spicy chicken with peanuts， dry
fried green beans， and mapo tofu.Kung pao chicken handmade sweets
61. （call） Dragon’s whiskers.
What is advised is 62. you spend enough time in
Chengdu visiting the Giant Pandas and the Giant Buddha.The Panda
research centre 63. （hold） the largest number of red
pandas， and most possibly also Giant pandas.
As 64. important city in southwest China， Chengdu
has convenient communications.More than 160 65.
（schedule） flights go to over 60 large and medium-sized cities at home
and abroad.The Shuangliu International Airport is only 20 kilometers
away from the city.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史文化名城成都，主
要包括其地理位置、饮食文化、特色景点和交通等情况。
56. Located 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主干成分完
整，空处是非谓语动词，locate和it是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用locate
的过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Located。
57. of 考查介词。此处the provincial center of ...表示“全省的……
中心”。故填of。
58. products 考查名词复数。根据plentiful可知，设空处应用复数形
式。故填products。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史文化名城成都，主
要包括其地理位置、饮食文化、特色景点和交通等情况。
59. locally 考查词形转换。空处修饰produced，应用副词。故填
locally。
parison 考查词形转换。in comparison with意为“与……相
比”。故填comparison。
61. are called 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可
知，空处作句子的谓语，此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在
时，call和主语sweets之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复
数，be动词应用are。故填are called。
62. that 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导名词性从句，
作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整。故填that。
63. holds 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作
句子的谓语，此处描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语
centre是单数，应用hold的第三人称单数形式。故填holds。
64. an 考查冠词。空处表示泛指，意为“一座重要城市”，应用不
定冠词，且important的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
65. scheduled 考查词形转换。空处修饰flights应用形容词，意为
“定期的”。故填scheduled。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2024·浙江嘉兴五中高二下月考）假定你是某国际学校的学生
会主席李华，你校即将组织急救演练。请你用英文写一则通知， 内容
包括：
1. 时间、地点及参与人员；
2. 具体内容；
3. 注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Announcement for Medical Emergency Drill
The Students’ Union
参考范文：
Announcement for Medical Emergency Drill
Aimed at preparing students for medical emergencies that may arise，
a medical emergency drill is scheduled to be conducted on the school
playground this Friday from 3 pm to 4 pm.All students and staff members
are required to participate.
During the drill， a medical emergency situation will be simulated，
where the participants will act either as first aiders or victims.The focus
will be on providing basic first aid for victims before emergency services
arrive， such as CPR and Heimlich maneuver， which can mean the
difference between life and death.
Please note that all the participants must follow the instructions of the
emergency personnel.Thank you for your cooperation.
The Students’ Union
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·河北邯郸鸡泽一中高二下月考）Anybody passing by the
school’s football ground wouldn’t miss noticing Jake Harvey and his
friends talking about soccer.The boys always thought they would merely
select those who had the physique （体格） and skills to represent their
team.
One day， the team’s “head”， as they called him， Jake， was
busy playing soccer with his friends when the newcomer， Sam， in their
class walked over.The little boy called out saying he was ready to play，
but Jake’s team paused and turned in disbelief， staring at the boy’s
artificial leg.“How on earth will you play for us with that artificial
leg？” Jake said.Sam got depressed when Jake’s words echoed in his
ears.He almost cried but he didn’t want his tears to weaken him in front
of the boys.
Meanwhile， Mr Jones， the school’s physical trainer， saw the
whole thing from his office window.After the practice session， he
walked over to Jake and took him aside for a word in private.“I saw what
happened， and if I’m not wrong， you sent away that newcomer，
right？” Mr Jones asked Jake.“Do you have any idea who he is？”
Jake was shocked after Mr Jones revealed Sam’s background.
As it turned out， Sam was captain of the soccer team in his previous
school.He was also an excellent goalkeeper who had won several gold
medals for his team.“Maybe， Mr Jones ...But I don’t see any hope
of having him on our team.Just look at his leg，” Jake said to the
teacher.
Seeing that Jake felt dissatisfied with Sam’s condition， Mr Jones
unfolded another story about how Sam lost his leg.
One day， Sam’s school bus met with a car accident on the way
back from a trip.The school bus was set on fire；though Sam got out and
reached safety， he realized one of his classmates was still on the school
bus.He risked his own life to save her without hesitation.With all his
strength， he carried her out of the bus.As a result， the girl was saved
but Sam’s leg was severely injured and had to be amputated （截肢）.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Jake was deeply moved by Sam’s bravery and became teary-
eyed.
The next day， Jake went to the classroom， saying he had an
important announcement to make.
参考范文：
Jake was deeply moved by Sam’s bravery and became teary-
eyed.He told Mr Jones he was terribly sorry about his rudeness to
Sam.“It’s not all about winning or losing， but about having the heart
to love everyone and appreciate their talents，” Mr Jones told Jake and
left.Reflecting on these words， Jake felt more regretful.He then gathered
the members of his team， and after a short discussion， they reached an
agreement that they believed would be a surprise to Sam.
The next day， Jake went to the classroom， saying he had an
important announcement to make.All the classmates turned to him，
including Sam.Hearing he had been selected as the new goalkeeper of the
team， Sam could hardly believe his ears.Then Jake walked up to Sam，
making a public apology to him.Realizing what was happening， Sam
smiled and said with gratitude，“Thank you！ Jake.” Mr Jones
watched them from outside the classroom， feeling relieved at the scene.(共92张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
主语从句
①Dad thinks I am a narcissist， but what I say is that my pictures aren’t
hurting anyone， so who cares？
②It’s true that inner beauty is very important， but external beauty
shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
③I mean， isn’t it better that I’m large and happy， instead of skinny
and unhealthy？
④What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health
not only makes us more beautiful， but happier， too！
【我的发现】
1. 句①和句④中黑体部分是由 引导的主语从句，连接代
词在从句中作 。
2. 句②和句③中， 作形式主语，主语从句后置。
连接代词
宾语
it
一、主语从句概述
在复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句可直接放在句
首，也可用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。
二、主语从句的引导词
1. 连词that， whether等。
2. 连接代词who， whose， which， what， whoever， whichever，
whatever等。
3. 连接副词 when， where， why， how， whenever， wherever等。
三、主语从句的用法
1. that引导的主语从句
（1）that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，
没有实际意义。但是，that不能省略。
That the earth travels around the sun is known to all.
地球围绕太阳转是众所周知的。
（2）that引导的主语从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，使句子平
衡，常用it作形式主语，而将that引导的主语从句后置，that
不能省略。常见的此类句型有：
①It＋be＋形容词（obvious， natural， surprising，
wonderful， possible， likely， important， necessary， etc.）
＋that从句。
It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam！
你们都通过了这次很难的考试，好极了！
It’s important that you （should） ask your parents for advice
about your choice.
就你的选择征求一下父母的意见是很重要的。
②It＋be＋名词短语（no wonder， a pity， a shame， an
honor， etc.）＋that从句。
It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
你错过了这次精彩的演讲，真遗憾。
③It＋不及物动词（短语）（seem， appear， happen，
matter， prove， turn out， occur to， etc.）＋that从句
It seems that the less you sleep， the more work you’ll do.
看来你睡得越少，你要做的工作就越多。
④It＋be＋过去分词（said， believed， reported，
thought， expected， decided， ordered， suggested，
etc.）＋that从句。
It is suggested that the lab building （should） be built next
year.
有人建议明年建实验楼。
名师点津
当过去分词是表示建议、要求、命令等的词语时，从句要用虚拟语
气，即从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
2. whether/if引导的主语从句
whether/if不充当句子成分，但是含有“是否”的意思。若主语从
句位于句首或与or not 连用时，则必须用连接词whether，而不用
if。
Whether she will come or not is still a question.
她是否来还是一个问题。
Whether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
她来不来没有多大关系。
名师点津
在以下几种情形中应使用whether而不用if：
①引导主语从句且位于句首时；
②引导的宾语从句用在介词后时；
③引导表语从句时；
④引导同位语从句时；
⑤与or not连用时。
【即时演练1】 用适当的连接词填空
①It is hoped you can learn a lesson from this accident.
②It has not been decided yet we will attend the lecture
tomorrow.
③It is said a large number of paper-cutting works by experts
throughout China will be on show.
④ life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved， but
the signs are promising.
⑤It remains to be seen weather-tracking system can
prevent many disasters.
that
whether/if
that
Whether
whether/if
3. 连接代词引导的主语从句
连接代词what， who， whom， whose， which， whatever，
whoever， whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，并且
不可以省略。
What caused the accident is still under investigation.
是什么导致了这次事故还在调查中。
Which team will win the match is still unknown.
哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道。
Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
最后走的人应当关灯。
4. 连接副词引导的主语从句
连接副词when， where， why， how， whenever， wherever等在从
句中作状语。
How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.
电话是怎样工作的并不是每个人都能回答的问题。
When we will have a meeting is an important question.
我们何时举行会议是一个重要的问题。
【即时演练2】 用适当的连接词填空/补全句子
①For students， benefits most to their study is reading English
books.
② plan is better should be discussed at the meeting.
③ the boy quitted school is what his teacher wants to know.
④It doesn’t matter .No one cares.
what
Which
Why
how you’re dressed
你怎么穿并不重要。没人会在意。
⑤ has not yet been
announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行还没有宣布。
⑥ should remember to wear sports
shoes.
想去爬山的人应该记得穿运动鞋。
Where the English evening party will be held
Whoever wants to go climbing
四、主语从句中应注意的问题
1. 主语从句要用陈述语序
How he succeeded is made into a film.
他是如何成功地被拍成了一部电影。
2. 主谓一致
（1）从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much.
毕业后到哪儿找工作使他很困惑。
（2）如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动
词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语
动词用单数。
When they will start and where they will go have not been
decided yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
名师点津
what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保
持一致。
What the school needs most are books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空
①Why John was late for the class （have） not been found out.
②What makes the shop different （be） that it offers more
personal services.
③What you need （be） file folders for your stuff.
has
is
are
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
assumption n.假定，假设
【教材原句】 How others are feeling is not something that we should
make assumptions about， because it’s not always obvious who is truly
happy.别人的感受不是我们应该假设的事情，因为谁真正快乐并不总
是很明显。
【用法】
（1）make assumptions about 假定……
on the assumption that ... 以……的设想为根据
（2）assume v. 假设；认为
assume ...as/to be 假定/以为……是……
It is assumed that ... 据认为……
（3）assuming conj. 假如，假设
assuming that ... 假设……，假定……
【佳句】 The interviewers tend to make assumptions about you when
they see you so you should behave well and make a good impression on
them.
面试官看到你的时候往往会对你做出假设，所以你应该好好表现，给
他们留下一个好印象。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We are working the assumption that everyone invited to the
evening party will turn up.
②It is generally （assume） that stress is caused by too
much work.
③On the basis of the evidence we assume he was guilty.
on
assumed
that
【写美】 补全句子
④ of the Students’
Union， I will organize more colourful after-class activities to enrich our
school lives.
假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动来丰富
我们的学校生活。
Assuming （that） I am chosen to be chairman
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
句型转换
1. Mathematics is the base for other sciences.It is known to all of us.
→ is known to all
of us.
That mathematics is the base for other sciences
2. All that she lacks in an era of technological advances is intense
training.
→ is intense
training.
3. We don’t know who will take the place of Mr Smith.
→ isn’t known to us.
4. It makes no difference how you get there.
→ makes no difference.
What she lacks in an era of technological advances
Who will take the place of Mr Smith
How you get there
5. You would disagree with my decision.It never occurred to me.
→ that you would disagree with my
decision.
6. Whether can man go back to the old days with a time machine？ It still
remains to be a question.
→ whether man can go back to the
old days with a time machine.
It never occurred to me
It still remains to be a question
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. is calculated so that Mum can
ensure him warm meals.
杰克放学回家的时间是计算好的，这样妈妈就能保证他吃上热乎乎
的饭。
2. Everyone in the village is very friendly.
for a short or a long time.
村里的每个人都很友好。你在那里住的时间短还是长都没有关系。
When Jack gets home after school
It doesn’t matter whether/if
you have lived there
3. can ask for a copy.
任何对这张图画感兴趣的人都可以要一份复印件。
4. the movie will be not only meaningful but also
interesting.
相信这部电影不仅有意义，而且很有趣。
5. she doesn’t have any close friends.
她好像没有什么亲密的朋友。
Whoever takes interest in the picture
It is believed that
It seems that
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
It is true 1. inner beauty is very important， but
sometimes， 2. we wear can’t be ignored
completely.Supposing you are going to attend an interview， 3.
you look in appearance may decide whether you will be accepted，
because 4. we dressed appropriately will leave a good first
impression on the interviewer.As a result， 5. we should pay
attention to our external beauty is important.6. seems more
beautiful may boost the self-confidence and perform well in the interview.
that
what
how
that
that
Whoever
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·东北育才学校高二下月考）As a child， I was proud of my
southern origin.My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-
part northern Mississippi， part Tennessee， all southern.There was no
sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent： thick， sweet，
warm.
While growing up， I began to realize outside of our region，
southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant.I was ready
to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee， starting a new life and
jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.In that embarrassing space
between “teen” and “adult”， my accent was a symbol of everything
I thought I hated about my life in the rural South.I feared it would
disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer.I would have to talk
less “country”.So I killed a piece of myself.I’m ashamed of it， but
I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change
Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college.She was determined to work for the student
newspaper， which was where I spent most of my waking hours， and we
became friends.She， unlike me， accepted her roots.Early in our
friendship， her mother asked where I was from， assuming it was
somewhere up north.Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to
ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion.I advised
her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent.I stressed
that throughout our college years， often by making fun of her vowel （元
音） sounds.I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working
as a reporter.Now， I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding
part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me， “Girl， don’t forget where you
come from.” Now I truly understand that.Many things have faded from
memory， but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity.Now that
I am grown and have left the South， it’s important to me.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好
的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的
一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好
的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的
一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
1. What made the author want to leave her hometown？（ ）
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者决定离开南
部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人
的偏见。
2. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother？
（ ）
A. Upset. B. Pleased.
C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句推知，当被Emily的
妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。
3. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent？（ ）
A. To prove herself right.
B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential.
D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，作者通过
改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改
变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能
获得好工作。
4. What message does the text want to convey？（ ）
A. Stay true to your roots.
B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams.
D. Never judge a person by his accent.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，文章想要传达的
信息是坚守本根。
B
Quite often， no matter how good you are， your success depends to
some extent on how other people such as your boss， peers， clients and
customers perceive your communication and responses.So when you come
across people who make the key difference in helping you or holding you
back， how can you influence and persuade them to give you what you
want？
Psychological researches repeatedly show that people generally make
up their minds on whether to help you based on whether they like you or
not.It is human nature.What can you do about it？ You need to make a
good impression on others to ensure they like you and give you what you
want.The findings again show that people give opportunities to the people
they like best.In fact， most people make up their minds about other
people in the first five minutes or less when meeting them.These are called
first impressions or “moments of truth”.
Once they make up their minds， they tend to be very reluctant to
change their opinions.You hardly have room for error when making that
first impression on a new acquaintance.Therefore， whether you are
applying for a job， going for an interview， attending a meeting with
your boss or peers， or serving a customer， you need to prepare yourself
mentally and rehearse your management of the first few minutes of your
interaction.This includes doing your homework to gather information and
researching all possible issues so you will know how to address them，
should the other party raise some unexpected questions.
It is amazing how poorly some people can come across at the
beginning.The worst thing is that they do not even seem to realize
it.Having good qualifications and excellent work performance does not
excuse candidates from trying to make a good first impression.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一印象的重要
性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一印象的重要
性。
5. Which is the way people tend to decide whether to like other people or
not？（ ）
A. They make quick decisions.
B. They change their opinions frequently.
C. They prefer people who are experienced.
D. They pay much attention to good qualifications.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的In fact， most people make
up their minds about other people in the first five minutes or less when
meeting them.可知，人们很快就会做出是否喜欢这个人的判断。
6. Which of the following strategies can help in an interview according to
the passage？ （ ）
A. Show your friendliness and confidence.
B. Ask the interviewers for homework to do.
C. Know as much as possible about the situation.
D. Do something unexpected to impress interviewers.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，你要做功课来
收集信息并研究所有可能出现的问题，这样，万一另一方提出一些
出乎意料的问题，你将会知道如何解决。由此可知，根据作者的观
点，尽可能多地了解情况可能有助于面试。
7. What will probably be talked about in the next part of the passage？
（ ）
A. Examples of how good first impressions help people succeed.
B. Some practical advice on helping make a good first impression.
C. Questions that might be asked by the interviewers.
D. How to win over people who don’t like you at first.
解析： 推理判断题。文章开头讲述了第一印象的重要性，文章
最后一段最后一句强调即使有优秀的学历和杰出的工作表现，求职
申请人也需要留下良好的第一印象。由此可知，下文应该会更详细
地介绍一些给别人留下良好的第一印象的实用建议。
8. What is the passage mainly about？（ ）
A. Persuading people to like you.
B. People making the key difference.
C. Winning strategies for a job interview.
D. Making a good first impression.
解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要讲了第一印象的重要性，它很大
程度上决定了人们是否喜欢你、是否决定帮助你，结合第二段中的
You need to make a good impression on others to ensure they like you
and give you what you want.可知，本文主要讲述了要给人留下良好
的第一印象。
C
（2024·山东鄄城一中高二下月考）Laughter is a kind of universal
body language that is shared by people of all nationalities， skin colours，
cultures and traditions.But did you know that the ability to tell real
laughter apart from fake （假的） laughter also varies among cultures？
Greg Bryant， a professor of communication at the University of
California， published a study in late July.In the study， 884 people from
21 countries were asked to listen to random recordings of laughter.Some
of the recordings were made up of laughs from the bottom of the heart，
while others were made by people who were asked to laugh on command.
The study showed that people around the world have the ability to
pick out real laughter， although their abilities vary from country to
country.Residents of the Samoan Islands， were particularly good at it，
correctly identifying real laughter 56 per cent of the time.According to
Bryant， people from smaller， less industrialized nations “are more
accurate in identifying a natural smile” because they rely heavily on
emotional engagement in order to predict others’ behavior and create
stronger social relationships.
But how do people from different cultures detect natural laughter so
easily？ And what characters does real laughter have？ As Professor
Jessica Wolf of the University of California told the Association for
Psychological Science， in real laughter， we produce qualities， such as
higher pitch （音调） and volume， as well as faster bursts of no clear
sounds.
By contrast， fake laughter will “sound like speech”.According to
Science Daily， fake laughter is controlled by the same brain system that
controls the lips and tongue.Bryant further explained that this system has
active ability， saying “with this speech system， you can make a lot of
different noises， including crying， laughter or scream.That’s where
fake laughter comes from”.
So that’s something to think about： next time one of your friends
laughs at something you say， will you be able to tell if it’s real or
fake？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Bryant研究发现，尽管各国人民的能
力各不相同，但是世界各地的人们都可以通过声音中的微小差异来
识别真笑和假笑。文章还介绍了真笑和假笑分别具备的特点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Bryant研究发现，尽管各国人民的能
力各不相同，但是世界各地的人们都可以通过声音中的微小差异来
识别真笑和假笑。文章还介绍了真笑和假笑分别具备的特点。
9. What did the study find？（ ）
A. Real laughter is produced from people’s heart.
B. People can tell real laughter from fake laughter.
C. People have trouble recognizing real laughter.
D. Laughter is a kind of universal body language in the world.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，研究表明，尽管
各国人民的能力各不相同，但世界各地的人们都能辨别出真正的笑
声。由此可知，研究发现了人们可以分辨出真笑和假笑。
10. Why are residents of Samoan accurate in identifying natural
laughter？（ ）
A. They put much emotion to knowing others.
B. They often predict others’ behaviors.
C. They aren’t well educated.
D. They have a strong social relationship.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的because they rely heavily
on emotional engagement in order to predict others’ behavior and
create stronger social relationships可知，Samoan的居民能准确识别
自然的笑声是因为他们把很多情感放在了解别人上。
11. What characters does real laughter have？（ ）
A. Clearer words. B. Slower speed.
C. Higher sound. D. More like a speech.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在真正的笑
声中，我们会产生高音调和音量，以及没有清晰声音的快速爆
发。由此可知，自然的笑声通常以高音量为特征。
12. What can we learn about the fake laughter system？（ ）
A. It controls ears and eyes.
B. It works like speech systems.
C. It encourages people to copy others.
D. It can make people produce various noises.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，布莱恩
进一步解释说：“有了这个语音系统，你可以发出很多不同的声
音，包括哭泣、大笑或尖叫。这就是假笑的由来。”由此可知，
假笑系统可以使人产生各种各样的噪音。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·重庆西南大学附中、育才中学高二下月考）Social media
has made it very easy to change your appearance using filters （滤
镜）.They may come in 13 when you desperately need to record a
video but not in a good state.But there has been a lot of talk around
the 14 of filters and unrealistic expectations 15 on women.
One woman has taken the responsibility to 16 the filters to prove
that， while she is beautiful， her face doesn’t 17 look the way it
does with the filter on.Katia starts off the 20-second video clip using the
infamous Bold Glamour filter.It’s the filter that has people questioning
their 18 of their own faces because the contrast is so 19 .But
Katia doesn’t 20 with one filter.She puts on another and makes sure
she emphasizes the use of a ring light.After turning the ring light and the
filters off， the woman 21 her makeup， revealing an inflamed and
imperfect face.
People flocked to the 22 to thank her for exposing the truth
behind filters.“You’re beautiful and this message is so
important.Thanks for the 23 ，” one person wrote.“In real life，
we all have 24 .As a mature woman， I appreciate your 25 .”
another said.
Social media can really do harm to people’s self esteem， especially
when they’re 26 themselves to something that’s not real.Messages
like the one Katia shared can help pull back the 27 on the reality of
social media.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了社交媒体滤镜让改变
外貌变得轻而易举，但也带来了对女性外貌不切实际的期望。Katia
通过发布视频，展示了自己真实而不完美的面容，引发了人们的关
注和感谢。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了社交媒体滤镜让改变
外貌变得轻而易举，但也带来了对女性外貌不切实际的期望。Katia
通过发布视频，展示了自己真实而不完美的面容，引发了人们的关
注和感谢。
13. A. needy B. handy
C. fashionable D. surprising
解析： 根据文章首句可知，社交媒体让用滤镜改变外貌变得
很容易，所以当你迫切需要录制视频且状态不佳时，滤镜就能派
上用场。come in handy派上用场。needy需要帮助的；handy有用
的，方便的；fashionable时尚的；surprising令人惊讶的。
14. A. use B. fix
C. production D. appearance
解析： 上文提到人们用滤镜来改变外貌的现象，所以有很多
关于滤镜使用的讨论。use使用；fix修理；production生产；
appearance外观。
15. A. placed B. forced
C. showed D. looked
解析： 因滤镜可以改变外貌，让女性变得不真实，所以会让
人们对女性的容貌产生不切实际的期望。place以某种态度对待
（或看待）；force强迫；show显示；look看。
16. A. pull off B. put off
C. peel off D. come off
解析： 根据下文to prove that可知，一位女士承担责任揭下滤
镜来证明。pull off靠边停车；put off推迟；peel off剥去，揭掉；
come off脱落。
17. A. sharply B. sincerely
C. eventually D. actually
解析： 根据语境可知，她的脸实际上不是戴上滤镜的样子。
副词actually用于引出真实情况。sharply尖锐地；sincerely真诚
地；eventually最终；actually实际上。
18. A. perception B. attention
C. recognition D. attraction
解析： 根据上文可知，使用Bold Glamour滤镜后的脸与真实的
脸不一样了，所以会让人们怀疑对自己脸的感知。perception感
知；attention注意；recognition识别；attraction吸引。
19. A. unexpected B. unfamiliar
C. uncertain D. unreal
解析： 滤镜让人产生怀疑，说明对比太不真实，不敢相信。
unexpected意外的；unfamiliar不熟悉的；uncertain不确定的；
unreal不真实的。
20. A. experiment B. continue
C. agree D. stop
解析： 根据下文She puts on another可知，Katia还用了其他滤
镜做演示，并没有止于Bold Glamour。experiment做试验；
continue继续；agree同意；stop停止，结束。
21. A. wears B. applies
C. removes D. hates
解析： 根据下文revealing an inflamed and imperfect facef可知，
Katia去掉了妆容，露出真实的脸。wear穿着；apply应用；remove
去掉；hate讨厌。
22. A. flats B. comments
C. spots D. faces
解析： 根据下文可知，这是人们对Katia的评论。flat公寓；
comment评论；spot地点；face脸。
23. A. article B. reminder
C. costume D. poster
解析： 根据上文this message is so important可知，评论者认为
Katia传递了重要信息，感谢提醒。article文章；reminder提醒；
costume服装；poster海报。
24. A. beauties B. imperfections
C. questions D. suggestions
解析： 根据常识可知，在现实生活中，我们都有不完美之
处。beauty美丽；imperfection不完美；question问题；
suggestion建议。
25. A. effort B. interest
C. skill D. honesty
解析： Katia关滤镜、卸妆，展示了不完美的真实自己，这是
一种诚实。此处意为“作为一个成熟的女人，我很欣赏你的诚
实”。effort努力；interest兴趣；skill技能；honesty诚实。
26. A. comparing B. addicting
C. putting D. throwing
解析： 根据上文do harm to people’s self esteem和下文to
something that’s not real可推知，把自己和滤镜后不真实的形象
进行比较，会让人感到自卑，伤害自尊。compare比较；addict上
瘾；put放置；throw扔。
27. A. wall B. board C. curtain D. floor
解析： 根据上文可知，Katia通过勇敢展示真实的自己，揭开
了社交媒体的帷幕，让人们看到了真实的自己，看清了现实。
pull back the curtain指“拉开窗帘或帷幕，揭示事物真相或隐藏的
部分”。wall墙；board木板；curtain帷幕；floor地板。
Ⅲ.语法填空
After I 28. （lose） my right hand in a car accident
two years ago， I began to withdraw into myself， 29.
（believe） I would never be able to lead a normal life again.I
30. （equip） with an artificial hand， but it did not feel
like part of me.
Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult，
31. bothered me a lot.Three months ago，
32. ， all that changed when I was given the chance to test a
new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in
recent years， and their work on robotic limbs has changed my life.With
my new hand， I can move my individual fingers and hold onto small
things like pens and pencils.More 33. （amazing）， my
robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure.It resembles
a real hand.In addition， it looks very lifelike with special rubber
34. （use） on the outside.
I have rediscovered all the 35. （hobby） that I had
enjoyed before the accident.For example， I have been cooking for my
family again 36. I got my new hand.Not only can I do
more， but I have also become 37. （confident） and
outgoing.I’m so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has
opened up.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个
假肢，但是不好用，后来作者重新装了一只机械手后一切都改变
了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个
假肢，但是不好用，后来作者重新装了一只机械手后一切都改变
了。
28. lost 考查动词的时态。空处为After引导的时间状语从句的谓
语，根据时间状语two years ago可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用
一般过去时。故填lost。
29. believing 考查非谓语动词。本句为主从复合句，After引导时间
状语从句，主句中已有谓语动词began，此处应用非谓语动词。动词
believe和其逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故
填believing。
30. was equipped 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语I和动词
equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去
时的被动语态。故填was equipped。
31. which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整
个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，故填which。
32. however 考查副词。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情
也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，且空后有逗
号，应用副词，故填however。
33. amazingly 考查词形转换。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词
形式。故填amazingly。
34. used 考查非谓语动词。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结
构，动词use和宾语special rubber是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用过去
分词作宾语补足语。故填used。
35. hobbies 考查名词复数。hobby意为“业余爱好”，为可数名
词，根据空前的all可知，此处应用复数形式，故填hobbies。
36. since 考查连词。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，
故填since。
37. more confident 考查形容词的比较级。根据do more并结合语境可
知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填more confident。(共51张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
Writing about a literary work
目 录
2
演练佳作·写美文
1
细品课文·学手法
3
教材词汇·练续写
4
课时检测·提能力
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
1
Step 1 品教材课文
The Picture of Dorian Gray
This book by Oscar Wilde tells the story of Dorian Gray， a very
handsome young man who spends his life only concerned with his own
pleasure， regardless of the suffering he brings to others.
The story starts with young Dorian having his portrait painted.His
friend Lord Wotton talks about beauty and pleasure being the only
important things in life.Fascinated by his words， Dorian wishes he could
remain young and good-looking always， with his portrait growing old
instead of him.
Soon afterwards， Dorian is surprised to find his wish has come
true， after he meets Sybil， an innocent actress who falls in love with
him.Dorian heartlessly abandons her just because she performs poorly one
night.When he learns that Sybil has killed herself， Dorian finds his face
in the painting has taken on a cruel look.
He hides the painting away so that no one else may see it.For the
next 18 years， Dorian engages in various evil deeds， even murdering
the painter of the portrait.But he never feels guilty about the harm he is
doing.His portrait ages and reveals his inner ugliness.One day， he
suddenly comes to be fearful of his past crimes and wants to start a new
life.But his portrait remains the same and reminds him of everything he
has done.Feeling desperate， he tries to destroy the portrait with a knife，
but it is he who is killed.His body is discovered， old and awful， while
his portrait is young and handsome once again.
In the story， what matters most to Dorian Gray is that he is good-
looking， not that he has a good heart.He sacrifices his true self in pursuit
of physical beauty and pleasure， which leads to his destruction in the
end.
Step 2 析写作手法
Para.1 General introduction
首段使用一般现在时对小说《多里安·格雷的画像》进行总体
介绍；首句中的同位语和who引导的定语从句的使用使句子更简
洁、明快。
Paras.2－4 Plot
本文第二段至第四段简单描述了小说的故事情节。第二段讲述了
故事的起因，尾句使用过去分词短语作状语和with复合结构作状语，
使表达非常简练。第三段讲述了故事的发展，本段共三句话，每句分
别使用一个状语从句把整个段落连接了起来。第四段讲述了故事的结
局，使用了For the next 18 years， But， One day等多种过渡语。其
中，还使用了动词-ing短语Feeling desperate作原因状语，增强了文章
的表达效果。这些过渡语的使用，使故事的叙述更加流畅、自然。
Para.5 Central themes
本段点明了这部小说的主题。本段共两句，首句使用了what引导
的主语从句和that引导的表语从句，尾句使用了which引导的非限制性
定语从句，使句子的表达非常地道、富有变化。
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1. I enjoy reading different kinds of books， but Harry Potter is my
favourite one.
我喜欢读不同种类的书，但是《哈利·波特》是我最喜欢的一本
书。
2. The fairy tales are my favourites， such as Grimm’s Fairy Tales，
Anderson’s Fairy Tales and so on.
我最喜欢的是童话故事，比如《格林童话》《安徒生童话》等。
3. The story is very long but I am interested in it.
这个故事很长，但是我对它感兴趣。
4. In fact， the fiction is so meaningful that I can learn a lot from it.
事实上，这部小说非常有意义，我从中学到很多。
5. We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and
scientific and geographical knowledge.
我们也对他丰富的想象力以及科学知识和地理知识感到惊讶和
信服。
6. I think it’s the best book I’ve ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的书。
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
2
请写一篇短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》（The Million Pound Bank
Note），内容包括：
1. 作者：Mark Twain
2. 语言风格：幽默、讽刺
3. 故事梗概：伦敦的两位富家兄弟打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票
借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当斯，看他在一个月内如何收场。一
个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且
赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心。
4. 主题：批判了拜金主义思想，揭示当时英国社会的荒谬。
参考词汇：拜金主义思想 money worship
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
第一段：简要介绍文学作品及作者；
第二段：详细介绍其故事背景、故事情节、人物角色等；
第三段：说明作品的主题。
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 小说《百万英镑》是马克·吐温写的。
2. 他是一位伟大的美国作家。
The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark
Twain.
He is a great American writer.
3. 通过他幽默和讽刺的语言，马克·吐温成功地描绘了亨利·亚当斯，
一个身无分文的美国人在伦敦的不可思议的冒险。（humorous，
sarcastic， depict， penniless）
Through his humorous and sarcastic language， Mark Twain
successfully depicted an unbelievable adventure of Henry Adams， a
penniless American in London.
4. 伦敦的两位富家兄弟在亨利身上下了赌注，他们想看看如果给他一
张连一便士也兑换不了的百万英镑支票，一个月后他会怎么样。
（have a bet on）
5. 一个月后，亨利既没有挨饿，也没有被捕。
Two rich brothers in London have a bet on Henry and want to see
what will become of him a month later if they give him a million pound
bank note which can’t be cashed for even a penny.
A month later， Henry is neither starved nor arrested.
6. 亨利戏剧性地成了一名百万富翁。（dramatically）
7. 他甚至赢得了一位漂亮女士的爱。
8. 这部小说一个明显的主题是对拜金主义的批判。（criticism）
9. 在这个故事中，它也揭示了当时英国社会的荒谬。（ridiculous）
Henry becomes a millionaire dramatically.
He even wins the love of a pretty lady.
One obvious theme of the novel is the criticism of the money
worship.
In the story， it also reveals the ridiculous British society at that
time.
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1. 合并要点1和要点2。
2. 用并列连词连接要点5和要点6。
The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark
Twain， a great American writer.
A month later， Henry is neither starved nor arrested， but becomes
a millionaire dramatically.
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark
Twain， a great American writer.Through his humorous and sarcastic
language， Mark Twain successfully depicted an unbelievable adventure
of Henry Adams， a penniless American in London.
Two rich brothers in London have a bet on Henry and want to see
what will become of him a month later if they give him a million pound
bank note which can’t be cashed for even a penny.A month later，
Henry is neither starved nor arrested， but becomes a millionaire
dramatically.What’s more， he even wins the love of a pretty lady.
One obvious theme of the novel is the criticism of the money
worship.In the story， it also reveals the ridiculous British society at that
time.
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
3
情感
描写 heartfelt adj.衷心的，诚挚的
compassion n.怜悯；同情
heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
expression n.表情；神色
intently adv.专心地；一心一意地
profound adj.（感情）强烈的，深切的
tenderness n.柔情
frightful adj.可怕的→fright n.惊吓，恐惧
动作
描写 pretend v.假装，装作
overlook v.忽视，忽略
bother v.（使）苦恼
acknowledge v.承认（某事属实或某情况存在）
exclaim v.（因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而）呼喊，惊叫
repay v.报答
boost one’s confidence增加某人的信心
人物
描写 self-critical adj.自我批评的，自我批判的
obsessive adj.痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的（含贬义）
skinny adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
monstrous adj.丑陋的；骇人的
timid adj.胆小的，胆怯的
coward n.胆小鬼；懦夫
loyal adj.忠贞的，忠实的，忠诚的
graceful adj.优美的，优雅的
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下
面语段。
小女孩正在专心玩耍，这时一条狗跑了过来。她一看到那条狗就
吓得大叫起来。那条狗对胆小的女孩来说就像怪物一样可怕。从她的
表情中他能感受到她深深的恐惧，他试着安慰小女孩。他拥抱了小女
孩，赶走了狗，温柔地擦掉她的眼泪。事实上，他只是假装不害怕。
当女孩的母亲知道他所做的一切时，她大声说：“非常感谢！”她提
出要报答他，但他拒绝了。
The little girl was playing intently when a dog ran over.She cried
out with fright at the sight of the dog.The dog was as frightful to the
timid girl as a monster.Sensing the profound fright from her
expressions，he tried to comfort the little girl.He hugged the girl，drove
away the dog and wiped her tears with tenderness.In fact，he was just
pretending not to fear.When the mother of the girl knew about what he
had done，she exclaimed，“Thank you so much！” She offered to
repay him，but he refused.
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.完形填空
In the fourth grade， I was 50 pounds heavier than any other
classmates.Now I weigh 240 pounds.To avoid the 1 of the big，
stupid kid that everyone 2 at， I determined to become 3 and even
graceful （优雅）.I made sure that I 4 well in all the sports，I also
became a part of a ballroom dance class and 5 it throughout high
school.
My father lost his 6 on 11 September 2001， in the attack on the
World Trade Center.It has been a 7 16 months， but his death has
given me a new 8 on my size.Two days before he died， my father
came into my room.We had a long 9 ， and he told me heaven had
given me a great 10 and that I should use it to my full 11 .He told
me that I should 12 myself， and hold my head up high.That advice
he gave me now comes back so vividly （栩栩如生） in my 13 .
Looking forward， I know that my size will 14 me to achieve
many positive things.Every time I think of what my father
has 15 me， I pray I’ll “grow” to be half the man he was.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是个身材肥胖的学生，怕
被别人嘲笑，他想成为运动型的人；但父亲告诉作者应该把肥胖看
作自己的优点，这样可以做更多有意义的事情。作者回想起父亲的
话，感触颇多，十分感谢父亲的鼓励。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是个身材肥胖的学生，怕
被别人嘲笑，他想成为运动型的人；但父亲告诉作者应该把肥胖看
作自己的优点，这样可以做更多有意义的事情。作者回想起父亲的
话，感触颇多，十分感谢父亲的鼓励。
1. A. opinion B. impression
C. expectation D. faith
解析： 根据常识可知，在人们的印象中，肥胖的、有点笨的孩
子容易被人嘲笑。impression印象。
2. A. smiled B. laughed
C. looked D. shouted
解析： 参见上题解析。
3. A. athletic B. heavy
C. energetic D. generous
解析： 根据下文的in all the sports可知，作者决心变成一个运动
型的人。athletic运动的。
4. A. ran B. assumed
C. maintained D. played
解析： 上文说作者要成为一个运动型的人，由此可知，此处表
示作者要进行运动。play sports“做运动”，为固定搭配。
5. A. performed B. replaced
C. observed D. followed
解析： 根据下文throughout high school可知，作者参加了一个交
际舞班，一直坚持到高中毕业。follow跟随，遵循。
6. A. farm B. interest C. life D. wife
解析： 根据下文but his death可知，作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击
事件中去世了。
7. A. sensitive B. independent
C. tough D. passive
解析： 根据上文可知，因为作者父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去
世了，所以这16个月对作者来说很艰难。tough艰难的。
8. A. angle B. suggestion
C. effect D. light
解析： 根据下文That advice he gave me now comes back so
vividly可知，父亲生前对作者说的话让作者感触颇多，对作者有影
响，所以父亲去世后作者对自己的体型有了新的认识。light （理
解某人或某物的）方式，角度。
9. A. wait B. way C. talk D. run
解析： 根据下文and he told me可知，作者和父亲曾经聊了
很久。
10. A. source B. gift C. soul D. attempt
解析： 根据下文that I should use it可知，作者的父亲认为肥胖
是上天给作者的礼物，作者应该好好地使用它。
11. A. generosity B. fortune
C. potential D. inspiration
解析： 根据下文I know that my size will 14 me to achieve
many positive things可知，作者的父亲建议作者充分发挥自己的潜
能，这样可以做更多积极的事情。potential潜能。
12. A. take care of B. take hold of
C. take part in D. take pride in
解析： 根据下文and hold my head up high可知，父亲让作者昂
起头来。由此可知，父亲让作者以自己为骄傲。take pride in
以……为骄傲。
13. A. memory B. dream
C. work D. study
解析： 上文提到作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世，所以
此处指作者父亲的建议在作者的记忆中历历在目。
14. A. advise B. enable C. ask D. invite
解析： 根据下文achieve many positive things和上文描述可知，
因为作者以自己的身材为骄傲，所以作者认为自己的身材可以让
自己能够实现很多积极的事情。enable使能够。
15. A. warned B. praised
C. told D. ordered
解析： 根据倒数第二段内容可知，父亲的话给了作者鼓励，
所以此处指作者想起父亲对他说的话。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
你班英语课上就使用手机中的美颜滤镜（beauty filter）进行了讨
论。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，记述这次讨论，内容包括：
1. 讨论结果；
2. 你的看法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
In an English class discussion about the beauty filter function on
smartphones， diverse opinions emerged among us.
Some argue that the beauty filter enhances one’s appearance and
boosts one’s self-confidence.However， others think that excessive use
of beauty filters can develop unrealistic beauty standards and distort
people’s perception of their own natural beauty.
As far as I’m concerned， while beauty filters can be fun to use
occasionally， it’s crucial to recognize that true beauty lies in embracing
our distinctive features.By celebrating our individuality， we can cultivate
a genuine sense of self-confidence that radiates from within.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·河北衡水英才高二上月考）A girl went to her mother and
told her mother about her life and how things were so hard for her.She did
not know how she was going to make it and wanted to give up.She was
tired of fighting and struggling.It seemed that as one problem was
solved， a new one arose.
Her mother took her to the kitchen.She filled three pots （锅） with
water and placed each on a high fire.Soon the water came to the boil.She
placed carrots into the first pot.Then she placed eggs into the second
pot.Finally， she placed ground coffee beans into the last pot.She let
them boil without saying a word.
In about twenty minutes， she turned off the burners.She took the
carrots， the eggs and the coffee out with a scoop and placed each of them
in a bowl.Turning to her daughter， the mother asked，“Tell me， what
do you see？” “Carrots， eggs， and coffee，” the young woman
replied.The mother brought her closer and asked her to feel the
carrots.She did and noted that they were soft.The mother then asked her
to take an egg and break it.After pulling off the shell， she observed the
hard-boiled egg.Finally， the mother asked her to drink the coffee.The
daughter smiled as she tasted it.
The daughter then asked，“What does it mean， Mom？” Her
mother explained that these objects had faced the same adversity （逆
境） — boiling water， but they reacted differently.The carrots had been
hard.However， after being subjected to the boiling water， they softened
and became weak.The eggs had been weak.Their thin outer shells had
protected their liquid interior （内部）.But after sitting through the
boiling water， their inside became hardened.The ground coffee beans
were unique， however.After they were in the boiling water， they had
changed the water.“Which are you？” the mother asked her daughter.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The girl became silent and fell into thought.
The girl changed completely from then on.
参考范文：
The girl became silent and fell into thought.She asked herself，
“When adversity knocks on my door， how do I respond？ Am I a
carrot， an egg or a coffee bean？” She hesitated for a moment， and
then had an answer in mind.She didn’t want to be the carrots that were
easily defeated.She decided that she would learn from the eggs to have a
hardened heart after experiencing hardship.More importantly， she was
determined to become the coffee beans to change the hot water.She started
to believe that she was able to overcome all the difficulties and finally got
success.
The girl changed completely from then on.She became strong and brave
and didn’t give up easily.She began to face life with a positive
attitude.No matter what problems she came across， she would always
remember the lesson her mother had taught her.She knew that more
difficulties would only make her stronger， and after having overcoming
them， she could change them into something nice.Finally， after
accepting many challenges， she was able to live the life she wanted.(共120张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
It’s all about ME！
“Me”.It’s a small word with big meaning， and that meaning is
as individual① to each of us as the way we look.[1]Through interviews，
I was able to discover what “me” means to other people， and how
they have learnt to appreciate the beauty② in themselves.
Psychologist， Dr Hart
As a song in Ugly Betty puts it③， “It’s a pretty person’s
world”.[2]I understand this more than most， as I have always been
plain-looking④. I’m a girl who’d love to look good.Well， who
wouldn’t？ So， ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove
my freckles⑤， enlarge⑥ my eyes and even slim⑦ my jawline， I have
become addicted⑧.I spend hours every day editing⑨ my selfies， posting
⑩ them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments
.Each “like” boosts my confidence.[3]Dad thinks I am a
narcissist， but what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone， so
who cares？
Jade， 24， accounting manager
[1]what与how都引导宾语从句，作discover的宾语。
[2]as引导原因状语从句。
[3]本句为but连接的并列句。在第二个分句中，what引导主语从
句，that引导表语从句。
【读文清障】
①individual adj.独特的，与众不同的
②beauty n.美，美丽
③put it 说，表达，表述
④plain-looking adj.相貌平平的
⑤freckle n.（尤指脸上的）雀斑，斑点
⑥enlarge v.（使）增大，扩大
⑦slim v.变苗条，减肥
⑧become addicted 上瘾
⑨edit v.编辑；编选
⑩post v.（在网站上）发布（信息或图片）
comment n.评论
boost v.促进，推动
boost one’s confidence 增加某人的信心
Dr Hart says：
Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-confidence
and a desire for attention .However， the image Jade presents to obtain
the praise of others is false.[4]People who pretend to be someone they
are not tend to misjudge themselves.
I never really cared about my appearance.[5]That’s why I could
never understand my sister， who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide
which one to use every morning.I only used to have five identical pairs
of trousers and five identical shirts.When I first moved into my dormitory
at college， this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in
the same clothes day after day.Last month they registered me for a TV
programme， A New You.It felt bizarre at first.I didn’t like being
reviewed from head to toe .But I was surprised at how good I looked
after the makeover！
Anthony， 21， college student
For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well-
presented young man.At that moment， I perceived that external beauty
isn’t totally worthless.It can be an expression of our personalities ，
helping us make a good and positive impression on others.
[4]本句的句子主干为：People tend to misjudge themselves.句中
who pretend ...they are not为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词
People；在定语从句中，they are not是省略了关系代词that的定语从
句，修饰先行词someone。
[5]本句中why引导表语从句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修
饰先行词my sister。
a lack of 缺少，缺乏
a desire for attention 渴望关注
pretend v.假装，装作
misjudge v.对（人或情况）判断错误
identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
dormitory n.寝室
register v.登记，注册
from head to toe 从头到脚
perceive v.意识到，注意到，察觉到
external beauty 外在美
It’s true that inner beauty is very important， but external beauty
shouldn’t be completely overlooked .It plays a part in the image we
present to the world， and making an effort with your appearance can
leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence.
Dr Hart says：
Ever since I was little， I’ve been larger than other girls.For a long
time， this really bothered me.People would stare at me because I was
“big” and I hated the way I looked.My anxiety drove me to try every
means possible to lose weight， including dieting and weight-loss pills，
but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health.Everything
changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus-size
model， Tess Holliday.Although she’s larger than most other models，
Emma，17， senior high school student
she’s really attractive and has the confidence to be herself — even in an
industry full of beauty stereotypes .Her story changed my ideas about
what it means to be beautiful.I realised that my health， mental and
physical， is the most important thing.Now I exercise a couple of times
a week but just to keep fit .I mean， isn’t it better that I’m large and
happy， instead of skinny and unhealthy？
Dr Hart says：
I completely agree with Emma — being healthy is beautiful， and we
should wear that beauty with confidence.[6]What I really admire is the
way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more
beautiful， but happier， too！
[6]本句为主从复合句。What引导主语从句；she has
acknowledged ...是定语从句，修饰先行词the way；that引导宾语从
句，作acknowledge的宾语。
personality n.个性，气质
overlook v.忽视，忽略
make an effort 努力
leave a positive first impression on 给……留下积极的第一印象
bother v.（使）苦恼
diet v.节食
n.规定饮食，日常饮食
nothing but 仅仅，只有，只是
stereotype n.模式化的思想
a couple of 几个
keep fit 保持健康
skinny adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
acknowledge v.承认（某事属实或某情况存在）
【参考译文】
一切都关于“我”！
“我”，这个小小的字有着十分丰富的含义。对于我们每个人来
说，这个意义就像我们的外表一样是因人而异的。通过这次采访，我
得以发现“我”这个字对于其他人的意义，以及他们如何学会欣赏他
们自己的美。
心理学家 哈特博士
杰德，24岁，会计经理
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样，“这是个看脸的世
界”。我比大多数人都更能理解这句话的含义，因为我一直相貌平
平。我是个爱美的女孩。好吧，谁不是呢？所以，自从我发现自拍软
件能消除我的雀斑，拉大眼睛，甚至削尖下巴，我就用上瘾了。我每
天会花数小时修我的自拍照，发照片，并频繁地打开手机，迫切地查
看评论。照片的每个“赞”都会增强我的自信。爸爸觉得我太自恋，
但我的解释是，我的照片没伤害其他人，有谁在乎呢？
哈特博士说：
沉迷于修饰上传网络的照片，其实是缺乏自信和渴望关注的表
现。不管怎样，杰德呈现给别人想要博取赞美的形象都是虚假的。那
些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
安东尼，21岁，大学生
我向来不关心自己的外表。那就是为什么我永远无法理解我姐
姐，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。而我以前只有五
条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。当我第一次搬进大学宿舍
时，室友看到我每天穿同样的衣服都十分困惑不解。上个月，他们给
我在一个叫《全新的你》的电视节目中报了名。我最初感觉很奇怪。
我不喜欢被人从头到脚地打量。但经过一番装扮之后，我被自己的美
貌震惊了！我人生中第一次发现，原来自己也可以是个英俊又体面的
年轻人。在那一刻，我意识到外在美并非毫无价值。它可以表达我们
的个性，也有助于我们给他人留下良好、积极的印象。
哈特博士说：
内在美固然重要，但也不能完全忽视外在美。外在美在我们呈现
给世界的形象中扮演着重要的角色。努力提升你的外表可以给别人留
下积极的第一印象，增强你的自信。
埃玛，17岁，高中生
从小我就比其他女孩块头大。很长一段时间，我都为此深受困
扰。仅仅因为我“块头大”，别人就会盯着我看，我讨厌自己的样
子。内心的焦虑促使我尝试各种减肥方法，包括节食和吃减肥药，但
是这样做毫无作用，反而给我带来了痛苦和不健康的身体。有一天，
我偶然读到大号模特特丝·霍利迪的成功故事后，一切都发生了转变。
虽然特丝比大多数模特都壮，但她真的魅力十足，并且有信心做自
己——即使是在这个对美的概念有着刻板印象的行业。她的故事改变
了我对美的看法。我意识到，自己身心健康才是最重要的。现在，我
每周锻炼几次，只是为了保持健康。我的意思是，我壮实且快乐着，
总比瘦却不健康要好得多吧？
哈特博士说：
我完全赞同埃玛——健康才是美丽的，我们应该充满自信地接受
这样的美丽。我真正钦佩她的一点是，她认可健康的身体不仅使我们
更美丽，而且更快乐！
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Why does Jade like spending hours every day editing her selfies？
（ ）
A. Because she wants to appreciate the beauty in herself.
B. Because she loves listening to the song of Ugly Betty.
C. Because she is a narcissist and cares only about herself.
D. Because she is plain-looking and wants to look good.
2. What does Anthony learn from the TV programme A New You？
（ ）
A. It’s wrong to care much about his own appearance.
B. What his sister does is not proper at all.
C. External beauty is of great importance.
D. The makeover can make girls worthless.
3. What is the most important according to Emma？（ ）
A. Success. B. Health.
C. Confidence. D. Exercise.
4. Which person does Dr Hart support most？（ ）
A. Jade. B. Anthony.
C. Emma. D. Nobody.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. Which is more important， external beauty or inner beauty？
2. What’s the beauty in your opinion？
Both of them are important， but inner beauty is more important.As
we all know， external beauty will fade with time passing by， but
inner beauty lasts long.
Being healthy， energetic， happy， and positive.
第四步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
mood.
（1）I’m a girl who’d love to look good.Well，who
wouldn’t？
（2）It felt bizarre at first.I didn’t like being reviewed from head
to toe.
（3）I realised that my health， mental and physical，is the most
important thing.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe a
person.
（1）People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to
misjudge themselves.
（2）Although she’s larger than most other models， she’s really
attractive and has the confidence to be herself — even in an industry
full of beauty stereotypes.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Dad thinks I am a narcissist，but what I say is that my pictures aren’t
hurting anyone， so who cares？
句式分析 本句为并列句。在前一个分句中I am a narcissist为省略
了 的宾语从句；在后一个分句中what I say为 从
句，that引导 从句。
自主翻译
that
主语
表语
爸爸觉得我太自恋，但我的解释是，我的照片没伤害
其他人，有谁在乎呢？
2. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge
themselves.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。who引导 从句，修饰先行词
People；they are not为 从句，修饰先行词someone，省略了
关系代词 。
自主翻译
定语
定语
that
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的
判断。
3. That’s why I could never understand my sister，who has 17 lipsticks
and can’t decide which one to use every morning.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。why引导 从句，who引
导 从句。
自主翻译
表语
非限制性定语
那就是我永远无法理解我姐姐的原因，她有17支口
红，每天早上都不知道该用哪支好。
4. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health
not only makes us more beautiful，but happier， too！
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。What引导 从句，What在从
句中作 ；she has acknowledged ...是省略了关系词的
从句，修饰先行词the way；that引导 从句，作
acknowledge的宾语。
自主翻译
主语
宾语
定
语
宾语
我真正钦佩她的一点是，她认可健康的身体不仅使我
们更美丽，而且更快乐！
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
a desire for 渴望
【教材原句】 Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-
confidence and a desire for attention.
沉迷于修饰上传网络的照片，其实是缺乏自信和渴望关注的表现。
【用法】
（1）desire n. 愿望，渴望
a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have no desire to do sth 不想做某事
（2）desire v. 渴望；期望
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire that ...（should） do sth 渴望……做某事
【佳句】 Reading can not only broaden our horizons， but also arouse
our desire for knowledge.
读书不仅能开阔我们的视野，还能唤起我们求知的欲望。
【点津】 当desire后接宾语/同位语/表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语
气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”， should可以省略。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held， I’m writing
to express my desire （be） a volunteer.
②Since you desire （learn） Chinese culture， I think
Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.
to be
to learn
【写美】 一句多译
③许多农民希望现在的政策不要变。
→
（desire v.）
→
（desire n.）
Many farmers desire that the present policy （should） not be
changed.
It is many farmers’ desire that the present policy （should） not be
changed.
pretend v.假装，装作
【教材原句】 People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to
misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
【用法】
pretend to do sth 假装做某事
pretend to be ... 假装成……
pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事
pretend that ... 假装……
【佳句】 Magic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending
to do things that are impossible.
魔术是一种娱乐形式， 它建立在假装做一些不可能的事情的基础上。
【点津】 pretend后接动词不定式或从句作宾语，不能接动词-ing形
式作宾语。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He pretended （be） casual about the result of the
competition.
②He pretended （do） his homework when his mother
came in.
③When her teacher came in， she pretended
（grasp） what the teacher said.
to be
to be doing
to have grasped
【写美】 同义句转换
④Tom pretended that he hadn’t known the old man before.
→Tom pretended the old man before.
not to have known
tend to 倾向于
【教材原句】 People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to
misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
【用法】
（1）tend v. 往往会；倾向于；照料，照管
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend to/towards sth 倾向于某事
tend （to） sb/sth 照料/照管某人/某物
（2）tendency n. 倾向；偏好；趋势，趋向
have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
tendency for sb/sth 某人/某物的倾向
【佳句】 In general， comment section on the web tends to be filled
with attacks.
总的来说，网络上的评论区往往充满了攻击。
【练透】 语境辨义
①People who love traveling tend to be happier.
②The lamb had become separated from its mother， so I jumped out of
the tractor to tend to it.
往往会
照顾，照料
【写美】 一句多译
③天才总是创造性地完成事情。
→The genius .（tend）
→The genius .
（tendency）
tends to get things done creatively
has a tendency to get things done creatively
identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的；同一的；一模一样的
【教材原句】 I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and
five identical shirts.
而我以前只有五条一模一样的裤子和五件一模一样的衬衫。
【用法】
（1）be identical to/with ... 与……完全相同
be identical in ... 在……方面完全相同
（2）identically adv. 完全相同地
【佳句】 Those who have identical hobbies are more likely to become
good friends.
那些有相同爱好的人更有可能成为好朋友。
【练透】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Their ideas are identical many aspects.
②The twins were （identical） dressed， making it
difficult to tell them apart.
③The tests those carried out last year.
这些测试与去年进行的测试完全相同。
in
identically
are identical to/with
make/leave/have a ...impression on sb给某人留下……印象
【教材原句】 It can be an expression of our personalities， helping us
make a good and positive impression on others.它可以表达我们的个
性，也有助于我们给他人留下良好、积极的印象。
【用法】
（1）impression n. 印象；感想
（2）impress v. 给……留下深刻印象；使铭记
impress sb with ... 使某人铭记……；使某人对……印象深刻
be impressed at/with/by 对……印象深刻
（3）impressive adj. 令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的
【佳句】 As a general rule， keeping smiling can leave a good
impression on the interviewers.
一般来说，保持微笑能给面试官留下好印象。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The young man impressed the woman his sincerity.
②The newly built skyscraper， which is 160 meters in height， is
really （impress）.
with
impressive
【写美】 一句多译
③他们的勤奋给我们留下深刻印象。
→We their industry.（impress）
→Their industry us.
（impression）
were impressed at/with/by
made/left/had a deep impression on
make an effort 努力
【教材原句】 It plays a part in the image we present to the world， and
making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first
impression on others and boost your confidence.外在美在我们呈现给世
界的形象中扮演着重要的角色。努力提升你的外表可以给别人留下积
极的第一印象，增强你的自信。
【用法】
make efforts/every effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
in an effort to do sth 为了做某事
with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地
【佳句】 If all of us could make an effort to keep the office tidy， it
would help a lot.
如果我们都努力保持办公室整洁，这样会有很大帮助。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In an effort （recover） my missing book， I have to
turn to you for help.
②Let’s make joint efforts （protect） the environment.
to recover
to protect
【写美】 补全句子
③The municipal government environmental
awareness of the general public.
市政府不遗余力地提升公众的环保意识。
spares no effort to raise
bother v.（使）苦恼；打扰，烦扰；花费时间精力（做某事） n.麻
烦，困难；令人烦恼的情况（人或事物）
【教材原句】 Ever since I was little， I’ve been larger than other
girls.For a long time， this really bothered me.从小我就比其他女孩块
头大。很长一段时间，我都为此深受困扰。
【用法】
（1）bother to do sth＝bother （about） doing sth 费心做某事
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
bother sb with sth 因某事而打扰某人
can’t be bothered to do sth 不愿为做某事而操心，嫌麻烦而不做某事
It bothers sb to do sth/that ... 做某事让某人烦恼
Why bother （doing ...）？ 干吗要费事（做……）？
（2）put sb to any bother 给某人添乱
【佳句】 Don’t be afraid to discuss something that is bothering
you.All you should do right now is face it.
不要害怕讨论正在困扰你的事情。现在你所要做的就是正视它。
【练透】语境辨义/单句语法填空
①He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.
②Don’t bother him during his leisure time.
③Why bother （ask） if you are not really interested in the
match to be held this weekend？
④So I have no choice but to bother you （correct） my
mistakes in my essay.
花费时间精力（做某事）
打扰，烦扰
asking
to correct
【写美】 一句多译
⑤我想过来和你住在一起，但我不想给你添乱。
→I’d love to come and stay with you， but I don’t want to
.
→I’d love to come and stay with you， but I don’t want to
.
put you to
any bother
bother
you
acknowledge v.承认（某事属实或某情况存在）
【教材原句】 What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged
that good health not only makes us more beautiful， but happier， too！
我真正钦佩她的一点是，她认可健康的身体不仅使我们更美丽，而且
更快乐！
【用法】
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as ... 承认某人/某物是……
It is acknowledged that ... 大家公认，普遍认为……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
【佳句】 Lu Xun is acknowledged as/to be one of the greatest modern
writers in China.
鲁迅被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Tom acknowledged
（defeat） in the English speech competition， which made us quite
depressed.
being defeated/having been defeated
【写美】 一句多译
②他被公认为世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。
→He one of the greatest physicists
in the world.
→ he was one of the greatest physicists
in the world.
was widely acknowledged as/to be
It is widely acknowledged that
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：That’s why ...那就是为什么……
【教材原句】 I never really cared about my appearance.That’s why I
could never understand my sister，who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide
which one to use every morning.我向来不关心自己的外表。那就是为
什么我永远无法理解我姐姐，她有17支口红，每天早上都不知道该用
哪支好。
【用法】
本句中why引导表语从句。
（1）This/That is/was why ...这/那就是为什么……，why引导表语
从句，表示结果。
（2）That/It is/was because ...那/这是因为……，because引导表语从
句，表示原因。
（3）The reason why ...is/was that ...……的原因是……，why引导
定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因。
【品悟】 This is why decorating with plants， fruits and flowers carries
special significance.
这就是为什么用植物、水果和花装饰具有特殊意义。
【写美】 句式升级
Tom overslept this morning so he was late for work.
→Tom overslept this morning. .
（why引导的表语从句）
→Tom was late for work.
.（because引导的表语从句）
→ was that he overslept this
morning.（why引导的定语从句）
That was why he was late for work
That was because he overslept this
morning
The reason why Tom was late for work
句型公式：ever since引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】 Ever since I was little， I’ve been larger than other
girls.我从小就比其他女孩长得块头大。
【用法】
本句为ever since引导的时间状语从句。从句通常用一般过去时，主
句用现在完成时。（ever） since引导的时间状语从句常见的四种用
法：
（1）（ever） since＋过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟
点）；
（2）（ever） since＋一段时间＋ago；
（3）（ever） since＋从句；
（4）It is＋一段时间＋（ever） since从句。
若since从句中的动词为非延续性动词，表示“自从……多长时间
了”；若since从句中的动词为延续性动词，则表示“自从该动作或
状态的完成或结束多长时间了”。
【品悟】 He has had a car （ever） since he was 18 years old.他从18
岁起就有汽车了。
【写美】 微写作/翻译句子
①光阴似箭！自从我们上次见面已经过去五年了。
How time flies！ we last met.
②从那以后，我没有找到任何时间去滑冰，不是因为我不喜欢滑冰，
而是因为我工作太忙了。
， not
because I do not like skating， but because I am too busy working.
③It has been more than three years since I worked in this company.
It is five years since
Ever since then I haven’t found any time to go skating
自从我离开这家公司已经三年多了。
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. If you practice （自我批判的） thinking，then you
will find flaws in your arguments before anyone else.
2. Female students under twenty-one were required to live
in （寝室） or approved residences.
3. When I have trouble in falling asleep， I rely on sleeping
（药丸）.
self-critical
dormitories
pills
4. He seems to have （忽视） one important fact.
5. He （对……判断错误） the distance and his ball
landed in the lake.
6. She had an argument with her classmates over a problem， which
b her for a long time.
7. The English Drama Club will provide a stage for students where their
talent can be recognized and confidence be b .
8. She p to be calm， but her facial expression revealed her
anxiety.
overlooked
misjudged
othered
oosted
retended
维度二：词形转换
1. She received a special award in
（acknowledge） of all her hard work.
2. She dressed （identical） as her sister， which made
many people mistake them at first glance.
3. When found in the cave， the old man looked extremely
（skin） and unhealthy.
4. We’d better （large） the reading room by knocking
through the wall between the two small rooms.
acknowledgement
identically
skinny
enlarge
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. His style of humor is very human， and
（那就是为什么人们尊重他）.
2. When I was in trouble， she made efforts to
（增强我的信心）.
3. Mary could rely on nothing （只能依靠别人） to
solve the problem.
4. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as
（对成功的渴望）.
that’s why people respect
him
boost my confidence
but other people
a desire for
success
5. In our culture we （往往羞于） at talking about our
talents and skills.
6. Ever since he moved there， he
（一直埋头于他的研究工作）.
tend to be shy
has been burying himself in his
research work
维度四：课文语法填空
The article is an interview about three people’s attitudes towards
their looks.Jade who has always been plain-looking believes that it’s a
pretty person’s world.Ever since she discovered selfie apps， she has
become 1. （addict）.She spends hours every day
2. （edit） her selfies， posting them and eagerly checking
her phone a hundred times for comments.Each “like” 3.
（boost） her confidence.Dr Hart says this shows a lack 4. self-
confidence and a desire for attention.Anthony， a college student，
didn’t use to care about his appearance.
addicted
editing
boosts
of
However， after he attended a TV programme called A New You， he
perceived that external beauty isn’t 5. （total） worthless.It
can be an expression of our 6. （personality）， helping
us make 7. good and positive impression on others.Dr Hart agrees
it’s true that inner beauty is very important， but external beauty
shouldn’t be completely overlooked.The third person interviewed is
Emma who has been large since she was little， which 8.
totally
personalities
a
（bother） her much.Everything changed when she came
across the success story of a plus-size model.9. she’s
larger than most other models， she’s really attractive and has the
confidence to be herself.Now Emma exercises a couple of times a week
but just to keep fit.Dr Hart completely agrees with Emma.Being healthy is
beautiful， and we should wear that beauty with confidence.Good health
not only makes us 10. （beautiful）， but happier，
too！
bothered
Although
more beautiful
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Unlike many other people， who have birthmarks on their bodies， I
have them on my lips and inside my mouth.I used to consider them ugly，
while my mom calls them beauty marks.
My birthmarks are caused by a genetic condition from my mom’s
side of the family.This syndrome causes polyps （息肉）， which are
small non-cancerous growths in the intestinal tract （肠道）.Every other
year I have a procedure where the doctor removes them from my
intestines.The day before， I can’t eat anything solid because the
doctors need my intestines to be clear so that they won’t mistake food for
a polyp.I also cannot drink anything red， because they may mistake it for
blood on the scan.Before the procedure they give me anesthesia （麻
醉）.
No matter how many times I go through the process， I always get
nervous — but that’s understandable.At the end of the day I always
know I’ll end up okay.
My younger cousin faces a similar challenge.She has a huge
birthmark that takes up her whole arm.Her birthmark is pretty noticeable
and looks like faded red splotches （斑点） of paint.She’s never tried to
hide her birthmark or change her appearance.It really inspires me.She has
always been so much more confident about her birthmark than I
am.Once， her grandmother told her mom that her birthmark looked
extremely prominent and suggested that she should wear long sleeves more
often.If my younger cousin’s mom had actually taken that suggestion，
my younger cousin wouldn’t be as confident about her birthmark as she
is.
I could have covered up my birthmarks a while ago by wearing black
lipstick.But I’m glad I didn’t.Using black lipstick would be straying
away from accepting outward features that make me different.I am finally
accepting who I am and now I won’t tolerate people making fun of me.I
don’t hesitate when someone asks me about them either.I say，
“They’re beauty marks.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外
表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者
受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外
表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者
受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。
1. What do we know about the author from the first two paragraphs？
（ ）
A. She likes to be different from others.
B. Her birthmarks can be deadly.
C. She should eat some solid food before the operation.
D. Her birthmarks cause her some trouble.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段前三句可知，因为胎记的特殊
性，作者每隔一年都要进行手术，因此这给作者带来了一些麻烦。
2. What does the underlined word “prominent” in Paragraph 4 mean？
（ ）
A. Apparent. B. Graceful.
C. Harmful. D. Impressive.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的suggested that she should
wear long sleeves more often可推知，表妹的奶奶让表妹多穿长袖衣
服是为了挡住胎记，因为胎记太明显了。由此可知，画线词
prominent表示“明显的”。apparent明显的；graceful优美的；
harmful有害的；impressive给人印象深刻的。
3. What can be inferred about the author’s cousin？（ ）
A. She has hidden her birthmark.
B. Her confidence encourages the author.
C. She has taken her grandma’s suggestion.
D. She never judges others by their looks.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的She’s never tried to hide
her birthmark or change her appearance.It really inspires me.可知，作
者的表妹没有故意隐藏胎记，说明她很自信，不惧别人的目光，她
的这份自信鼓舞了作者。
4. What can we learn from the story？（ ）
A. Every coin has two sides.
B. Don’t judge a person by his appearance.
C. Learn to accept who you are.
D. Overcome the nervousness.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了特殊
的胎记给作者的外表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但
表妹的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。由此推知，本文
教育人们要学会接受自我。
B
There is a full-length mirror in my bedroom.I often look into this
mirror before leaving home.A quick look ensures that my appearance is
okay.But how much of the real me does my mirror reflect？ Here， I
intend to recount various instances wherein deceptive appearances have
contributed to prejudicial （有偏见的） attitudes.
One of my family’s best friends， David， has Down’s Syndrome
（唐氏综合征）.Last year， my family joined his family for a day of
skiing.Despite my frequent falls， David was always there to offer
encouraging words， assuring me of my capabilities and teaching me
essential skills such as turning， stopping， and getting up from my
falls.Although David is an outstanding skier himself， he spent his day
ensuring that I had an enjoyable experience， showing strengths that are
not visible in a mirror.
At the grocery store where I work every Saturday， there is a lady
who chooses to queue up at my checkout counter.By appearance， she is
dressed differently and walks unsteadily.To some people， she is an
object of joking.Although she may appear unaware of this judgment， I
have noticed that she seeks out my checkout line on purpose while
avoiding those who engage in laughing at her.From her behavior， I see a
lonely person longing for a friendly hello.
When I recently visited a nursing home， I encountered a white-
haired lady seated in a wheelchair.Most people just hurried past her.Based
on her appearance， it would be easy to judge her as an “old lady” with
nothing much to do and less to offer.However， it was not until later that I
discovered her remarkable ability to speak three different languages.What
a loss of opportunity for those who judged her by her appearance as a
useless “old lady”！
A person’s appearance， like a mirror， reflects only their outer
self.It’s the inner self that we need to embrace.By doing so， we open
ourselves up to valuable connections that would otherwise be missed.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身经历，告诉读
者：人不可貌相。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身经历，告诉读
者：人不可貌相。
5. What did the author probably see beneath David’s appearance？
（ ）
A. His passion for skiing.
B. His pity for the author’s incapability.
C. His patient and caring character.
D. His determination to defeat disease.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，David一直鼓励、
陪伴作者，并耐心教他滑雪动作，让他度过了愉快的一天。由此可
知，David是个很有耐心且关心他人的人。
6. What does the lady at the grocery store want？ （ ）
A. People’s ignorance.
B. People’s acceptance.
C. The jokers’ apology.
D. The author’s attention.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I see a lonely person
longing for a friendly hello可知，这位女士内心深处很渴望得到他人
的认可和接纳。
7. What did most people probably think of the old lady in the nursing
home？（ ）
A. Worthless. B. Attractive.
C. Intelligent. D. Poor.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第四段中的Most people ...as an “old
lady” with nothing much to do and less to offer.可知，人们匆匆从她
身边走过，认为她是个没什么用处和价值的老人。
8. What can we learn from the author’s experiences？（ ）
A. Don’t bite off more than you can chew.
B. Two heads are always better than one.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
解析： 推理判断题。根据作者所列举的三个亲身经历的事例以
及最后一段中的It’s the inner self that we need to embrace.可推知，
作者告诉读者：不要以貌取人，要去体会每个人丰富的内在。
C
（2024·重庆巴蜀中学高二下月考）Her face is framed by wavy
brown hair extensions， her filled lips pursed towards the viewer.It could
be a description of an Instagram post， but the touched-up （修改过的）
beauty is Diana Cecil， an English noblewoman who belongs to a
powerful family at the Jacobean court.Experts at English Heritage have
discovered that her portrait had been altered by restorers to enhance certain
features， suggesting that our modern beauty standards might not be so
modern after all.
The great-granddaughter of William Cecil， Lord Burghley， one of
Elizabeth Ⅰ’s closest advisers， Diana was considered one of the great
beauties of her age.Yet it seems a later artist had other ideas.A restorer，
probably in the 19th century， worked on the painting after it was
damaged from being rolled sideways.It seems they also took the
opportunity to alter the noblewoman’s face， enlarging her lips and
lowering her hairline to reduce the size of her forehead.
Now， following careful conservation work， Cecil’s original
appearance has been restored， with the full-length portrait-painted by
Cornelius Johnson when Cecil was about 31.The conservation team
discovered the changes made to the Johnson painting after removing a
yellowing layer of oily liquid that had covered its original， more vivid
colours.They also surprisedly found the artist’s signature， and a date
that had been signed in the portrait’s curtain suggesting it was finished in
1634 and not 1638 as previously thought.
According to Alice Tate-Harte， a conservator at English Heritage，
it was not uncommon for people to “sweeten” old paintings in the 19th
and early 20th centuries.“Conservation wasn’t a profession， they
weren’t working in institutions with salaries，” she said.“They were
artist restorers and they had a bit more flexibility to prettify and beautify，
whereas we have a lot more ethics today.We must keep our retouching to a
minimum.I hope I’ve done Diana justice by removing those additions
and presenting her natural face to the world.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国遗产专家的一项发
现：17世纪的贵族女性戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像画曾被修复者修改以增
强其美貌特征，这暗示了现代审美标准可能并非如我们所想的那样
现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国遗产专家的一项发
现：17世纪的贵族女性戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像画曾被修复者修改以增
强其美貌特征，这暗示了现代审美标准可能并非如我们所想的那样
现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。
9. What does the discovery of experts at English Heritage suggest？
（ ）
A. Prettiness is in the eyes of the viewer.
B. Every great artist was once an amateur.
C. Past norms may repeat themselves at present.
D. Beauty souls shine brighter than appearances.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，专家发现修复
者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了修改，这表明现代审美标准并非
如我们所想的那样现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。由此可推知，
专家的发现表明过去的审美标准可能在现代会得到重复。
10. What do we know about the original portrait of Diana Cecil？
（ ）
A. The original beauty failed to entertain the restorer.
B. The portrait was in fact painted for William Cecil.
C. The painter intended to hide the beauty of Diana.
D. The age of Diana was exposed by her hairline.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，后来的修复
者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了改动，包括增大嘴唇尺寸和降低
发际线以减小额头大小。由此可推知，原始画像并未完全满足修
复者对于美的期望。
11. Which of the following is an unexpected finding from the conservation
work？（ ）
A. The addition of the bright colour.
B. The portrait’s date of completion.
C. The removal of the artist’s signature.
D. The extent of damage to the painting.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的They also surprisedly
found the artist’s signature， and a date that had been signed in the
portrait’s curtain suggesting it was finished in 1634 and not 1638 as
previously thought.可知，保护工作意外地发现了该画像完成于
1634年而不是先前认为的1638年。
12. What does Alice think is the duty of art conservation？（ ）
A. It means an artistic way of living.
B. It depends on artists’ preference.
C. It requires ethical considerations.
D. It represents the fashion of time.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，现在的艺
术品保护工作有着更多的伦理规范，必须尽量减少对作品的修
补，以公正地向世人展示艺术品原有的面貌。这说明她认为艺术
保护工作需要考虑伦理因素。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
What can be done if you’re addicted to negative thinking？ Here are
a few tips that might help you understand how you’re thinking and what
changes you could make to stop the negative cycle.
Catch your thoughts
13. （ ）.If you can catch your thoughts as they arise， you can
just observe them.Observing your thoughts can help to recognize whether
you’re focused on the positive or the negative.Is there a real problem
here that needs to be addressed？ Or something you can acknowledge and
let go of？ When you process your thoughts with awareness， you can
place them in the appropriate category.
14. （ ）
Resisting is not usually the best way to deal with your
negativity.Whatever you resist persists （维持）.The more you resist
something， the more you attract it towards you.If you imagine the worst
that could happen and accept that， then the reality of what is actually
happening isn’t so bad after all.15.（ ）， once you realize you
could survive the worst option.
Appreciate moments of joy and gratitude
Gratitude is a great tool to change your negative thoughts to positive
ones.Even small things can help create a new habit of positive
thinking.16.（ ）， so when you focus on what is good， the
negative thoughts will have to take a back seat.Think about people and
places that bring you joy， your favourite music or special pets.17.
（ ）.We often overlook the things we take for granted.But if you
start to look at all the things to be grateful for， your brain will begin to
watch for more of the same.
A. Accept and change
B. Be grateful for everything
C. You will need to learn to change your thoughts
D. It’s difficult to have two opposing thoughts at once
E. Negative thinking can take hold of us for many reasons
F. The first thing to do is become aware of what you’re thinking
G. You can change your thoughts to deal with things realistically and with
optimism
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三条改变消极思维的建
议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三条改变消极思维的建
议。
13. F 根据Catch your thoughts可知，本段主要讲述的是了解你的想
法。F项指出了解自己想法的第一步就是要意识到自己想什么，符合
语境。
14. A 根据下文The more you resist something， the more you attract it
towards you.If you imagine the worst that could happen and accept that，
then the reality of what is actually happening isn’t so bad after all.可
知，本段介绍了抵制消极思维的弊端和接受糟糕的事情的益处。A项
（接受和改变）涵盖了本段内容，符合语境。
15. G 空前一句强调想象最坏的情况并接受它。G项承接上文，指出
以现实和乐观的态度处理并接受事情的结果，符合语境。
16. D 根据so when you focus on what is good， the negative thoughts
will have to take a back seat可知，此处强调把注意力集中在好的方面
时，消极的想法就会被抛到脑后。D项（同时有两种相反的想法是很
难的）引起下文，符合语境。
17. B 根据空后一句可知，我们常常忽视我们认为理所应当的
事，对这些事情我们缺少感恩。故B项（感激一切）承接上文，符
合语境。(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Published① in 1831， The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells a tragic②
story of events in Paris.Esmeralda’s beauty means that many men fall in
love with her.One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap③
Esmeralda.But Quasimodo fails and is captured④ and tortured⑤ in
public.Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards out of
mercy⑥.She offers Quasimodo a drink of water， which saves him and
also captures his heart.When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death⑦ for a
crime she did not commit⑧， Quasimodo rescues her from⑨ an angry
crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral.Esmeralda is safe from
execution⑩ as long as she stays inside the cathedral...
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they
considered their predicament in silence， [1]she so graceful ， he so
repulsive .Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in
Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his
hunched back， from his hunched back to his single eye.[2]How
anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension
.[3]Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread
over all this that she gradually adjusted to it.
[1]此处为独立主格结构：代词＋形容词。
[2]本句为主从复合句。How引导主语从句。
[3]本句中so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。
【读文清障】
①publish v.出版
②tragic adj.悲惨的；悲剧的
③kidnap v.绑架；劫持
④capture v.捕获；俘虏
⑤torture v.拷打，拷问
⑥out of mercy 出于怜悯
⑦be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
⑧commit v.犯（罪）；做出（错事）
⑨rescue ...from ...把……从……中拯救出来
⑩execution n.（尤指依法的）处死
still adj.静止的，安静的
predicament n.尴尬的处境
graceful adj.优美的，优雅的
repulsive adj.令人厌恶的
defect n.缺点，缺陷，毛病
knock knees n.膝外翻；X形腿
hunched adj.弓身的，弓背的
hunched back 驼背
single adj.单个的，单一的
comprehension n.理解（力）
beyond one’s comprehension 无法理解
comprehend v.理解
melancholy n.忧郁，无名的伤感
He was the first to break the silence .“So you were telling me to
return？”
She moved her head， and said， “Yes.”
He understood the motion of the head.“But！” he said， as
though hesitating whether to finish，“I am — I am deaf.”
“Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda， with an expression of
heartfelt compassion .
He began to smile sadly.
“You suppose that was all that I was missing， do you not？ Yes， I
am deaf， that is the way I am made.It is horrible， is it not， next to
your exquisite beauty！”
[4]There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an
awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.In
any case ， he would not have heard her.He continued：
[5]“Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present
moment.When I compare myself to you， I feel an immense pity for
myself， poor unfortunate monster that I am！ Be honest， to you I
must resemble some savage creature.You， you are a ray of sunshine
， a drop of dew ， a birdsong， whilst I am something terrible，
neither human nor beast.[6]I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser
， more downtrodden ， and plainer than a pebble ！”
[4]本句是由There引导的完全倒装句。
[5]Never位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构。
[6]本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语
从句。
break the silence 打破沉默
motion n.（为传递信息用手或头做的）动作
hesitate v.犹豫不决
hesitation n.犹豫
exclaim v.（因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而）呼喊，惊叫
compassion n.怜悯；同情
exquisite adj.精美的，精致的
in any case 无论如何
compare ...to 与……比较
immense adj.巨大的
monster n.怪物
savage adj.野蛮的
a ray of sunshine 一束阳光
dew n.露水
a drop of dew 一滴露珠
coarse adj.粗的；粗糙的
downtrodden adj.被践踏的，受压迫的，遭蹂躏的
pebble n.卵石，小圆石，砾石
Then he began to laugh， and that laugh was the most heartbreaking
sound in the world.He continued：
“Yes， I am deaf， but you shall talk to me with your hands as my
master talks to me， and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the
movement of your lips， from your expression.”
“Well！” she smiled， “Explain to me why you rescued me.”
He watched her intently while she was speaking.
“I understand，” he replied.“You ask me why I rescued
you.[7]You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to
kidnap you one night， this same person to whom you showed kindness
when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity — that is
more than I can repay with my life.You have forgotten that unfortunate
soul， but he remembers it.”
[7]who引导定语从句； to whom ...为“介词＋关系代词”引导
的定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
intently adv.专心地；一心一意地
repay v.报答
She listened to him with profound tenderness .A tear swam in the
eye of Quasimodo， but did not fall.He seemed to make it a point of
honour to keep it at bay .
（Adaptation from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo）
profound adj.（感情）强烈的，深切的
tenderness n.柔情
keep sth at bay 阻止，遏制（令人不愉快的事物）
【参考译文】
巴黎圣母院
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故
事。埃斯梅拉达的美貌使无数男人为她倾倒。这些倾慕者中有一个人
派驼背卡西莫多去绑架埃斯梅拉达。但卡西莫多失败了，在公共场合
被捕并遭受酷刑。埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而
生。她给卡西莫多递上水，这不仅拯救了他的生命，也俘获了他的
心。后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母
院外喧哗的人群中救下了她。只要她留在教堂内，就可以免于被处决
的危险……
埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多许久没有动，默默地思考着自己的处境，
一个是那样优美，一个是那么难看。每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光
从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身
上发现一些新的毛病。她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。但他
表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
他首先打破了沉默：“那么你是叫我回来吗？”
她点点头，答道：“是的。”
他明白点头的意思。“不过，”他说，似乎犹豫着要不要说下
去，“我是……我是聋子。”
“可怜的人！”埃斯梅拉达喊道，发自内心地对他表示同情。
他苦笑起来。
“你觉得那就是我的所有缺陷，对不对？是啊，我是聋子，生来
如此。真是可怕，不是吗？而你呢，却如此美丽！”
从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明，她
没有勇气回答。何况即便回答，他也无法听到。他接着说道：
“我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。当我把自己同你比较
时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！说实话，你
一定把我当成某种野兽了吧。你呀，你就像一束阳光，一滴露珠，像
鸟鸣声，而我呢，却是一个可怕的东西，不像人也不像兽。我不知道
我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压迫、不显眼！”
然后他笑了起来，那是世界上最痛心的笑声。他接着说道：
“是啊，我是聋子。但你可以用手势对我讲话，就像我的主人跟
我说话那样。这样，从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意
思。”
“好啊！”她微笑着说道，“告诉我你为什么要救我。”
“我明白了，”他回答道，“你问我为什么要救你。你忘了，有
一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。
我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。你已经忘
记那个不幸的人了，他却还记着你的恩情。”
她带着满心温柔听完他的话。一滴泪珠在卡西莫多的眼眶里
滚动，却没有落下来。似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己
的尊严。
（改编自维克多·雨果的《巴黎圣母院》）
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. From the introduction of the novel， what kind of person do you think
Esmeralda is？（ ）
A. Cruel. B. Evil.
C. Kind. D. Ugly.
2. Why did Quasimodo save Esmeralda？（ ）
A. To kidnap her. B. To repay her kindness.
C. To enjoy her beauty. D. To make her moved.
3. How did Quasimodo know what Esmeralda said？（ ）
A. By her lips and expression.
B. By her way to move.
C. By her daily activities.
D. By her eyes and movements.
4. What can we learn about Quasimodo from the text？（ ）
A. Although ugly， he is kind to some degree.
B. He is ugly and eager to get sympathy from others.
C. He is not only ugly but cruel to others.
D. He is neither human nor beast.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
Why did Quasimodo rescue Esmeralda？
Only Esmeralda would take pity on him and bring water to
Quasimodo’s lips who cried out for thirst.Esmeralda made him feel the
warmth of the human heart for the first time.From then on， he put all his
life and passion for Esmeralda.He would go through fire and water for her
and sacrifice everything for her happiness.
第四步：析难句表达升级
1. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in
Quasimodo， as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his
hunched back，from his hunched back to his single eye.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。as引导 从句。
自主翻译
时间状语
每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿
移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现一些
新的毛病。
2. Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
句式分析 本句为 句。表示否定意义的词置于句首，句子
用部分倒装。
自主翻译
倒装
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
3. I don’t know what I am， as I am coarser， more downtrodden， and
plainer than a pebble！
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。what引导 从句；as引导
从句。
自主翻译
宾语
原
因状语
我不知道我是什么，因为我比卵石还要粗硬、受压
迫、不显眼！
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
out of mercy 出于怜悯
【教材原句】 Esmeralda hears his call for water， and steps forwards
out of mercy.
埃斯梅拉达听到他对水的呼唤，怜悯之心油然而生。
【用法】
（1）mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb 怜悯某人
without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地
at the mercy of 任……处置，任由……摆布
（2）merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的
be merciful to 对……慈悲
【佳句】 He didn’t want anybody to help him out of mercy.他不想任
何人出于怜悯来帮助他。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She is such a kind woman that she is even （mercy） to
the beggars.
②We are supposed to show mercy the disabled.
merciful
to
【写美】 补全句子
③Without a sure supply of water，farming in that area remains
.
没有可靠的水源供应，该地区的农业生产受天气控制。
at the
mercy of the weather
be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
【教材原句】 When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime
she did not commit， Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside
the Notre-Dame Cathedral.
后来当埃斯梅拉达因莫须有的罪名被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院外
喧哗的人群中救下了她。
【用法】
（1）sentence sb to death 判某人死刑
（2）announce sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
serve one’s sentence 服刑
【佳句】 When he was found guilty of the serious crime， he was
sentenced to death.
当他被发现犯有严重罪行时，他被判处死刑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Anyone charged with killing rare animals will be sentenced death
in five days.
to
【写美】 补全句子
②The judge will the criminal tomorrow.
法官明天将对那个罪犯宣布判决。
announce sentence on
attempt to do sth 试图做某事
【教材原句】 You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted
to kidnap you one night ...
你忘了，有一天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你……
【用法】
（1）attempt v. 尝试；企图
n. 努力；尝试；企图
attempt sth 尝试某事
make an attempt to do sth/at doing sth 努力做某事；试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
（2）attempted adj. （犯罪等）未遂的
【佳句】 What the survivors attempted to do was to build a memorial
to the heroes who saved their lives.
幸存者们试图去做的是为挽救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He attempted （compete） for the chairman of the
Students’ Union.
②She accidentally knocked over the box an attempt to get closer.
in
to compete
【写美】 一句多译
③这个年轻演员试图给观众留下深刻印象，但是没能成功。
→The young actor the audience but failed.
（attempt v.）
→The young actor the
audience but failed.（attempt n.）
attempted to impress
made an attempt to impress/at impressing
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：过去分词短语作状语
【教材原句】 Published in 1831，The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells
a tragic story of events in Paris.
《巴黎圣母院》于1831年出版，讲述了一个发生在巴黎的悲惨故事。
【用法】
（1）过去分词短语作状语表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴
随等，可以转化为相应的状语从句。
（2）过去分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，并且与其存
在逻辑上的动宾关系。
【品悟】 Faced with difficulties， they never give up but try their best
to find a way out.
当面临困难时，他们从不放弃，而是尽最大努力寻找出路。
【写美】 微写作
①听到楼下的吵闹声，她走出家门，后面跟着她的小女儿。（动
作描写）
Hearing the noise downstairs， she walked out of the house，
.
②受到叔叔的鼓励，他答应在国外努力学习，不辜负家人的期望。
（告知信）
， he promised to study hard abroad and live
up to his family’s expectations.
followed
by her little daughter
Encouraged by his uncle
句型公式：表示否定意义的词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present
moment.
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
【用法】
（1）never， seldom， rarely， little， hardly， no sooner等表示否定
意义的副词（词组）位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（2）“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
（3）在so/such ...that结构中，so或such放在句首时，so或such后面
部分用部分倒装。
（4）“so/neither （nor）＋助动词＋主语”表示前者提出的肯定/否
定情况也适用于后者。
（5）not only ...but also句型中，当not only位于句首时，句子用部
分倒装，but also引导的句子不倒装。
（6）当if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had， were， should时，可将if省
略，并把had， were或should移到主语之前。
【品悟】 Rarely did he raise his voice to anyone， and never did he
argue with his wife.
他很少对别人大声讲话，也从没和他的妻子吵过架。
【写美】 微写作
①只有我们言行一致，才能对所做的事情有作用。（主旨升华句）
Only when we match our words with actions
in whatever we hope to accomplish.
②练中国功夫（kungfu）不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。
（邀请信）
Not only
develop one’s character.
can we make a
difference
can practicing Chinese kungfu build up one’s strength but
also
③有些人把满足自己的需求看得过于重要，把志愿者所做的一切视为
理所当然。（投稿）
So much significance
that they take everything volunteers have done for granted.
do some people attach to satisfying their own
needs
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. There are so many （缺陷） in our education system.
2. They spent an （巨大的） amount of time getting the
engine into perfect condition.
3. It is （令人悲伤的） for him that he cannot see his
children.
defects
immense
heartbreaking
4. Thank you so much for your help — I hope one day I’ll be able
to （报答） the compliment.
5. His mother’s death when he was aged six had a very
（深切的） effect on him.
6. Possibly he was afraid that he might be （绑架）
again.
7. Forgiveness shows maturity， common sense， （怜
悯） and a noble character.
repay
profound
kidnapped
compassion
8. They do those things in secret， and their m is to get money
illegally.
9. Mrs Bussman said she met a workman who r her husband
the other day.
10. Judging from his a ， he must be from the south.
otive
esembled
ccent
维度二：词形转换
1. John Fowles is a British （novel） who enjoys a popular
fame in the contemporary literary arena.
2. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball
with his （grace） moves and jump.
3. As long as you keep practicing， you will improve your
reading （comprehend）.
4. I could tell from his （express） that he was righteous.
5. She is a good woman， full of love and （tender）.
novelist
graceful
comprehension
expression
tenderness
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Everyone can have their own way to success， as long as they
（适应） their surroundings.
2. He （被宣判死刑） after solid evidence
was collected.
3. To be honest， I don’t want anybody to help me
（出于怜悯）.
4. Make sure the rope is firmly attached before you
（试图爬） down it.
adjust
to
was sentenced to death
out of mercy
attempt to climb
5. （对……着迷） the plots of the novel，the boy
didn’t hear what his mother said.
6. Although we are temporarily isolated from the outside world，
（但我们从来没有这么紧密联系
过） in our community.
Fascinated by
never
have we been more connected
维度四：课文语法填空
Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments， as they
considered their predicament in silence， she very graceful， he very
repulsive.How anyone could 1. （form） in such a way
was beyond her comprehension.2. ，it was all so gentle that
she gradually adapted to it.
be formed
However
Eventually he was the first 3. （break） the silence and
he actually knew what she meant，but he didn’t know 4. to
finish it.She could hear so significant an 5. （aware） of
sadness from the accents of the unfortunate man that she had not the
strength to utter a word.Quasimodo thought that he was something
terrible，6. human nor beast，whilst she was a ray of
sunshine， a drop of dew， a birdsong.He laughed， laughing at
himself， which was the most heartbreaking sound in the world.
to break
whether
awareness
neither
But she wanted to obtain his 7. （explain） why he
would rescue her.He said he was the 8. （fortunate）
man who attempted to kidnap her，the same person to whom she showed
kindness when he was in trouble.A drop of water and a little pity were
more than he could repay with his life.She might have forgotten it， but
he 9. （remember） it forever.
She listened to him with profound tenderness.A tear 10.
（swim） in his eye， but didn’t fall.He seemed to make it a point of
honour to keep it at bay.
explanation
unfortunate
remembered
swam
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·四川自贡一中高二下月考）Sitting in the classroom I felt
confused， for I couldn’t read the blackboard.Then Mum took me to the
hospital.Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe
visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically
blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone
realizing， not even me！ “It all makes sense now，” Mum said.As a
kid living on a farm， I was forever falling over things.I was known as the
clumsy （笨拙） one to my parents and four sisters.But now， I was
being told that I saw the world differently — I could only make out the
outlines of things.I was given reading glasses but they didn’t help much.
Refusing to let my diagnosis hold me back， I continued doing
everything I loved.As long as everything was in its place， I could feel
my way around.
Later I got married to Lance and had amazing kids.I could change
nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I
relied on touch to work out where things were.Cooking， on the other
hand， was not my forte.I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and
salt！
Nowadays， my grandkids have all been brought up not to leave toys
on the floor or move chairs away from the table.“We don’t want
Grandma tripping，” Lance will say.
Over the year， I’ve enjoyed lovely family holidays， but
sometimes felt like Lance or the kids were too protective of me.So I was
thrilled when I booked myself on a trip to the Gold Coast with people who
were just like me in a travel company.I’m not missing out — my life is
beautiful.I’m so lucky to have a wonderful family and lots of
experiences.
Life is precious — you don’t need to “see” that.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视
力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了
孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣
赏世界的美丽。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视
力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了
孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣
赏世界的美丽。
1. What can we know from the first paragraph？（ ）
A. The reading glasses got the problem fixed.
B. She always tripped because she was awkward.
C. She got severe visual impairment at the age of 13.
D. Nobody realized her sight was poor until she was 13.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Within a few days， I was
diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In
fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the
age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！可知，在作者13
岁被诊断出视力障碍之前，没有人意识到她的视力很差。
2. What does the underlined word “forte” in Paragraph 3 mean？
（ ）
A. Weakness. B. Favourite.
C. Strength. D. Business.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的I was terrible —
always mixing up sugar and salt！可知，作者总是弄混糖和盐，因此
她是不擅长烹饪的。由此推知，forte意为“长处”，与strength意
思相近。
3. What can we know about the author？（ ）
A. She is able to see things clearly now.
B. She led a lonely and hopeless life.
C. She could help care for the kids.
D. She went to the Gold Coast all by herself.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I could change nappies
（尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as
I relied on touch to work out where things were.可知，虽然作
者视力不好，但是可以为孩子们换尿布以及穿衣服，因此是可
以帮忙照顾孩子的。
4. What can we learn from the author’s story？（ ）
A. We need to go to travel frequently on our own.
B. We should always turn to the family for help.
C. Everyone should pay special attention to the blind people.
D. Everyone can enjoy the beauty of life with a positive mind.
解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者虽然有严重的视力障
碍，但是这没有成为她生活的阻碍，她乐观地继续做喜欢的事情，
在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入
旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽，视力问题不妨碍她用心去体验生命。由
此可知，作者的故事告诉我们，每个人都可以用积极的心态享受生
命的美好。
B
On 3 August 2020， a New Jersey schoolteacher named Julia Mooney
put on a button-down dress and wore it to work.She wore it the next day
and the next.In fact， she continued to wear that same dress for 100 days
in a row.Julia wanted to get people — her middle school students， in
particular — thinking about fashion in a new way and how we live in what
she describes as a “culture of excess”， closets overflowing with clothes
far more than we need.
At first， Julia said nothing to her students about her
experiment.There was no formal class discussion until several weeks
later， at which point the students were responsive.Julia said that her
students could really understand the idea that we need to judge each other
based on what we do but not what we wear.“As they try to define
themselves， the students are often identifying themselves with brands or
outward things.Many seemed excited to have a reason to talk about how
silly all of that really is，” she said.
A quest for greater simplicity is partly what inspired Julia in the first
place.On her website， she wrote that “spending a long time thinking
and worrying about what to wear in the morning will be a thing of the
past”.It also solved the problem of limited closet space in an old house.
If there was a tear （裂口）， Julia patched it with her sewing
machine.She was careful with it so she wore an apron （围裙） to keep it
clean — just like people did in years gone by.She washed the dress on
weekends.
“The challenge I’m presenting is this： Let’s think before we buy
it， wear it， throw it away and buy one again.Are we just perpetuating
（使持续） a culture that defines us based on what we’re wearing rather
than what we’re doing？ What if we spent our energy trying to be good
interesting humans instead of trying to look good and interesting？” she
said.
Julia herself is back to wearing pants to work， but the effect of the
experiment lingers.She said， “I’m expressing my interest in the health
of our planet and the people who occupy it， while channeling less of my
energy into my wardrobe and more into loving my children， being patient
with my students and embracing my day-to-day existence.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100
天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思
考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情
上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100
天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思
考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情
上。
5. Why did Julia Mooney wear the same dress continuously？（ ）
A. She liked that dress most.
B. She tried to save time and money.
C. She had to follow a fast-fashion trend.
D. She wanted to arouse people’s reflection.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，朱莉娅想让人
们尤其是她的学生们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在
所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知，朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子
是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。
6. Which word best describes the students’ attitude to the culture of
judging people by their appearance？（ ）
A. Opposed. B. Indifferent.
C. Uncertain. D. Optimistic.
解析： 观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，学生们对这个实验
反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么
而应关注人们做什么”，即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因
可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，
学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的。
7. What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4？（ ）
A. The aim Julia wanted to achieve.
B. The influence Julia was trying to exert.
C. Efforts Julia made to keep the plan going well.
D. Difficulties Julia encountered in carrying out the plan.
解析： 段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破
洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了
保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚
和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。
8. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. It is our responsibility to protect the Earth’s environment.
B. Julia is putting more energy into worthwhile things.
C. Julia doesn’t care what she wears every day.
D. People should be grateful for their daily lives.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健
康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入更
有意义、更有价值的事情上。
C
（2024·辽宁新高考联盟高二下月考）Most able-bodied people take
their ability to perform simple daily tasks for granted — when they reach
for a warm cup of coffee， they can feel its weight and temperature and
adjust their grasp accordingly so that no liquid is spilled.People with full
sensory and motor control of their arms and hands can feel that they’ve
made contact with an object the instant they touch or grasp it， allowing
them to start moving or lifting it with confidence.
But those tasks become much more difficult when a person operates
an artificial arm， let alone a mind-controlled one.
In a paper published in Science， a team of bio engineers from the
University of Pittsburgh describe how adding brain stimulation that
generates tactile （触觉的） sensations makes it easier for the operator to
use a brain-controlled robotic arm.In the experiment， combining vision
with artificial tactile feedback cut the time spent grasping and moving
objects in half， from 20.9 to 10.2 seconds.
Study participant Nathan Copeland， who was left with limited use of
his arms after a car crash， is the first person in the world who was
implanted with tiny electrode arrays （电极阵列） in his brain.Arrays
allow him to not only control the robotic arm with his mind， but also to
receive tactile feedback.
In a series of tests， where Copeland was asked to pick up and move
various objects from a table to a raised platform， providing tactile
feedback through electrical stimulation allowed him to complete tasks
twice as fast compared to tests without stimulation.
“Even though the sensation isn’t natural， that never bothers
me，” said Copeland.
“When even limited and imperfect sensation is restored， the
person’s performance improved in a pretty significant way.We still have
a long way to go in terms of making the sensations more realistic and
bringing this technology to people’s homes， but the closer we can get to
recreating the normal inputs to the brain， the better off we will be，”
said Robert Gaunt， co-senior author of the study.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成
果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶
段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械
手臂的效率。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成
果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶
段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械
手臂的效率。
9. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A. The value of being healthy.
B. The importance of the sense of touch.
C. The simplicity of daily tasks.
D. The advantages of able-bodied people.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段介绍
了触觉的重要性。
10. What’s the purpose of implanting the arrays into Copeland’s
brain？（ ）
A. To allow him to feel the objects.
B. To improve his test performance.
C. To connect his senses of sight and touch.
D. To stimulate him to complete more tasks.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段最后一
句可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到
物体。
11. What can we learn from Robert Caunt’s words about the study？
（ ）
A. It’s unreliable. B. It’s promising.
C. It’s perfect. D. It’s theoretical.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段Robert Gaunt说的话可推
知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。
12. What’s the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Application of Biotechnology in Medical Care
B. Restoration of Lost Sensations Proves Possible
C. Development of Mind-Controlled Robotic Arms
D. Sense of Touch Improves Control of a Robotic Arm
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项生物
科学技术成果，给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者
的操作效率。因此D项（触觉改善机械臂的控制）最适合作文
章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·江苏南京高二下月考）Life doesn’t always seem
fair.Some people are just born with the ability to attract anyone they meet
easily.Well， it might seem like a magical power， but actually there are
various factors at work.13.（ ） The answer is： to a large extent，
yes， you can.
But first， the bad news.People initially judge each other based
purely on physical appearance.With just a glimpse of a face， people
make snap judgments about each other’s likeability， trustworthiness
and confidence.How should we deal with this？ 14.（ ） People
perceive a smiling face as more trustworthy， warmer and sociable.It
sounds like common sense， doesn’t it？ Smile and others will smile
with you.
What other tricks might we have？15.（ ） Consequently，
three things we can do to signal that we are not a threat： raise our
eyebrows quickly， tilt （仰起） our heads slightly， and once again，
to smile.
So we’ve looked at body language， but of course what you say is
hugely important too， unless you want to just stand there grinning
foolishly.The golden rule of friendship is if you make people feel good
about themselves， they’re going to like you.In other words， you
should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.16.
（ ）
Finally， finding common ground is good to form a
connection.Charming people are particularly skilled at seeking out shared
interests or experiences to bond with others.Simple things like asking
where someone’s from really can open up a discussion and allow you to
find areas in common.And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most
British of topics： the weather.17.（ ）
A. It can break the ice.
B. So， can you develop exceptional charm？
C. There’s one incredibly basic tool： your smile.
D. Alternatively， you need to display interest in them.
E. What effective strategies can we employ to become charming？
F. Our brains frequently scan the surroundings for signs of friend or
enemy.
G. Mutual interests are the foundation for building connections with
others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引
别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引
人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引
别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引
人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
13. B 根据下文The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.可
知，空处应为一般疑问句，B项（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力
吗？）与下文衔接恰当。
14. C 根据上文How should we deal with this？可知，C项（有一个非
常简单的工具：你的微笑）可以为这个问题给出具体的解决方法，同
时衔接空后一句，说明微笑的好处。
15. F 下文具体介绍是友不是敌的信号表达，F项（我们的大脑会审
视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号）可以和下文衔接恰当。
16. D 根据上文In other words， you should not talk about yourself and
all your wonderful achievements.可知，D项（相反，你需要表现出对
他们的兴趣）可以衔接上文，说明正确的做法是要关注对方。
17. A 根据上文And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most
British of topics： the weather.可知，A项（这是一个很好的开始）可
以承接上文，说明谈论天气是打开话题的好方法。(共5张PPT)
UNIT 1 Face values
单元话题导入
本单元涉及的主题语境内容是外表与内心的关系。单元语篇类型
丰富，从多个角度阐述了和外表与内心相关的话题，旨在引发学生对
外表与内心关系的思考，对外表的重要性形成正确的认识，包括如何
看待美与丑，如何理解外表美和心灵美，如何面对周围人的目光和评
价，如何保持清醒的头脑接受独一无二的自己，帮助学生树立正确的
审美观和人生态度。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。appearance， loyalty， inner， challenge，
selfless
1. Don’t judge someone by their ， but look beyond it to
find their beauty.
appearance
inner
2. Different colours of masks give special meaning to Peking Opera
characters.A red mask represents a hero with positive characteristics
such as honesty and .A yellow mask represents a fierce
character.A blue mask represents a character who is upright and brave
in the face of .A black mask represents a bold but rough
character， who is serious， fair and .
loyalty
challenges
selfless (共26张PPT)
单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. adj. 自我批评的，自我批判的
2. v. 促进，推动
3. v. 假装，装作
4. n. 寝室
5. v. 忽视，忽略
6. v. （使）苦恼
7. n. 药丸，药片
8. n. 帮助；福利
self-critical
boost
pretend
dormitory
overlook
bother
pill
welfare
9. n. 口音
10. adj. 巨大的
11. v. 像；与……类似，与……相似
12. v. 报答
accent
immense
resemble
repay
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1. Although he had made some obvious mistakes， his boss
still them as he had always been a hard-working
employee.
2. He was unwilling to take part in the party， so he to
have forgotten the date.
3. The government is committed to improving the of the
people， which is crucial to the stability and development of the
society.
overlooked
pretended
welfare
4. In order to lose weight， the young lady prefers to work out regularly
rather than take expensive weight-loss .
5. It us that they haven’t been telling us the truth.
pills
bothers
二、拓展单词
1. v.承认（某事属实或某情况存在）
→acknowledgement n.（对事实、现实、存在的）承认；感谢
2. adj.完全相同的；非常相似的→identically adv.完全相
同地
3. n.积蓄→save v.储蓄；攒钱
4. n.心理，心理过程→psychological adj.心理的
→psychologically adv.心理上地；心理学地→psychologist n.
心理学家
acknowledge
identical
saving
psychology
5. n.研究的结果；发现→find v.发现，找到
6. n.小说家→novel n.小说
7. n.理解（力）→comprehend v.理解
8. n.（尤指隐藏的）动机，原因，目的→motivate v.成
为……的动机，是……的原因
finding
novelist
comprehension
motive
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. She has difficulty in （comprehend） when it
comes to complex scientific theories.
2. Jin Yong， one of the most influential Chinese
（novel）， passed away on 30 October 2018， setting off a great
wave of reviewing of his classics.
3. According to the （psychology）， if you exhibit
positive qualities such as honesty and helpfulness， the chances are that
you will be regarded as a good-looking person.
comprehension
novelists
psychologist
4. We sent her a copy of this book in
（acknowledge） of her part in the creation.
5. After months of research， they finally had a significant
（find） that the new drug could potentially cure the rare disease.
acknowledgement
finding
三、重点短语
1. 倾向于
2. 对……的渴望
3. 减肥
4. 对……感到惊讶
5. 偶然发现，偶然遇见
6. 缺少，缺乏
7. 保持健康
8. 给……留下印象
9. 自信地
tend to
a desire for
lose weight
be surprised at
come across
a lack of
keep fit
leave an impression on
with confidence
10. 把……转变成……
11. 把……看作……
12. 实际上，事实上
13. 无声地，默默地
14. 适应
15. 企图做……，尝试做……
transform ...into
regard ...as
in reality
in silence
adjust to
attempt to do
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1. The old factory has been successfully a modern
park， which has brought new life to the area.
2. The healthy lifestyle he had long been used to was ruined due to
certain nutrients in his diet.
3. We think that we will the new environment as soon as
possible.
4. If the economy is doing well， the prices of stocks will rise
in what is referred to as a “bull market”.
transformed into
a
lack of
adjust to
tend to
5. When I am faced with any illegal behaviour， my conscience will not
allow me to sit there .
6. He has success， which drives him to work hard every
day.
in silence
a desire for
四、经典句式
1. That’s why ...那就是为什么……
（那就是为什么……） I could never understand
my sister， who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use
every morning.
2. It is＋形容词＋that从句
（内在美固然重
要）， but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
That’s why
It’s true that inner beauty is very important
3. ever since引导时间状语从句
（从我小时候起）， I’ve been larger
than other girls.
4. 过去分词（短语）作状语
（出版于1831年）， The Hunchback of Notre-
Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris.
5. 表示否定意义的词置于句首引起的部分倒装
（我从来没有觉得） my ugliness as at the
present moment.
Ever since I was little
Published in 1831
Never have I viewed
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1. I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，
and .
我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表我自
己的观点。
2. somebody came to visit him just now.
很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。
3. at that party， we have been in touch with each
other.
自从我们在那个聚会上相遇，我们就一直保持着联系。
that’s why I’m writing to voice my opinion
It is clear that
Ever since we met
4. ， Harvard University is one of the most famous
universities in the United States.
哈佛大学成立于1636年，是美国最著名的大学之一。
5. since they knew each other.
自从他们认识彼此以来，他们没争吵过一次。
Founded in 1636
Not once have they quarrelled
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
一、人物性格
1. care v. 在乎，在意
2. desire n.& v. 渴望
3. review v. 评论
4. frightful adj. 可怕的
5. monstrous adj. 丑陋的；骇人的
6. just adj. 公正的，正直的
7. righteous adj. 正派的，正直的
8. independent adj. 独立的
9. determined adj. 坚定的，有决心的
10. generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
11. timid adj. 胆小的，胆怯的
12. coward n. 胆小鬼，懦夫
13. courageous adj. 有胆量的，勇敢的
14. bookish adj. 好读书的，书呆子气的
15. loyal adj. 忠贞的，忠实的，忠诚的
16. tough adj. 强硬的
17. brave adj. 勇敢的
18. melancholy n. 忧郁，无名的伤感
19. gentle adj. 温和的，温顺的
20. savage adj. 野蛮的
二、人物心理
1. eagerly adv. 急切地
2. comment n. 评论
3. boost one’s confidence 增加某人的信心
4. hurt v. 伤害
5. pretend v. 假装，假作
6. bother v. （使）苦恼
7. capture v. 捕捉，捕获
8. consider v. 思考，考虑
9. in silence 默默地
10. hesitate v. 犹豫
11. immense adj. 巨大的
12. attempt to do sth 试图做某事
三、人物情绪
1. be surprised at 对……惊讶
2. confused adj. 感到困惑的
3. stare at 凝视，盯着看
4. out of mercy 出于怜悯
5. angry adj. 生气的，发怒的
6. exclaim v. （因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而）呼喊，惊叫
7. expression n. 表情；神色
8. heartfelt adj. 衷心的，诚挚的
9. compassion n. 怜悯；同情
10. smile v. 笑
11. sadly adv. 悲哀地
12. utter v. （尤指吃力地）发出（声音）
13. feel pity for 对……感到怜悯
14. heartbreaking adj. 令人悲伤的
15. intently adv. 专心地；一心一意地
16. profound adj. （感情）强烈的，深切的
17. tenderness n. 柔情
18. pleasure n. 快乐，高兴
19. desperate adj. 绝望的
20. be fearful of 害怕
