（单元培优卷）Unit 1 When was he born？单元素养达标培优卷-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析）

/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元素养达标培优卷鲁教版（五四学制）
Unit 1 When was he born
满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．—________ will your father come back
— In two days.
A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far
2．—________ are you going to be a teacher
—I’m going to study education.
A．Where B．What C．When D．How
3．—Many parents often compare their own children ________ other kids.
—I agree with you.
A．for B．as C．in D．with
4．We all think that Mary is a truthful girl.
A．honest B．kind C．serious D．crazy
5．Tomorrow is Teachers’ Day. ________ give our English teacher some flowers
A．Would you mind B．Why don’t C．How about D．Why not
6．—What ________ David ________ before
—Oh, he used to be shy and not brave enough.
A．did, like B．is, like C．does, like D．was, like
7．—What’s ________ John
—He has a sore throat.
A．matter with B．the matter to C．wrong with D．wrong to
8．—Bob, have you heard of Zhang Yimou
—Of course. He is a famous Chinese film________.
A．singer B．writer C．director D．presenter
9．________ the bad man was leaving, the police came and caught him.
A．So B．If C．But D．As
10．Du Fu lived during the Tang Dynasty (唐朝) and once worked ________ the government.
A．for B．from C．like D．as
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其在答题卷的相应题号涂黑。
Once there was a boy called Meng Ke. His dad died, so he lived 11 with his mom, Mengmu. Mengmu wanted her son to study hard and be a smart person. 12 Meng Ke was a naughty boy. He followed the children next door to climb the tree to catch birds, jump into the 13 to catch fish, and steal watermelons. Mengmu thought, “My 14 doesn’t study hard because the living environment isn’t good.”
Then they moved to a house next to a 15 . People moved around the market, chatting and talking about business, while sellers 16 at the top of their voices trying to attract customers. Meng Ke saw this and 17 himself by acting like a seller. He learned to bow (鞠躬) to the passers-by, welcoming them to buy his goods, and even bargained (讨价还价) just like other sellers. Mengmu was frightened by the sight and told 18 . “No, this is not the proper place to raise my child, either.” So she took Meng Ke away 19 the market.
At last they settled down beside a 20 . There Meng Ke saw the good pupils. He 21 good manners from them. He saw the students 22 books and he did so. Soon he developed an interest in reading and searching for 23 . Mengmu thought that the school was the 24 environment she had been looking for.
As we know, later Meng Ke 25 to be a well-mannered, knowledgeable man.
11．A．lonely B．still C．alone D．finally
12．A．So B．Because C．But D．And
13．A．forest B．river C．field D．park
14．A．brother B．sister C．daughter D．son
15．A．zoo B．museum C．market D．restaurant
16．A．looked B．shouted C．smiled D．knocked
17．A．helped B．enjoyed C．told D．did
18．A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself
19．A．from B．for C．with D．about
20．A．bank B．school C．hospital D．shop
21．A．heard B．kept C．learned D．dated
22．A．buying B．selling C．making D．reading
23．A．knowledge B．advice C．culture D．directions
24．A．difficult B．terrible C．right D．strange
25．A．grew up B．gave up C．woke up D．stayed up
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
On November 17th, at the 15th National Games, 16-year-old Chen Yujie from Ningbo won the women’s 100-meter final with a great time of 11.10 seconds. She not only set a new personal best but also broke the Asian U20 record—and became the youngest women’s 100 m champion in the event’s history.
Chen’s success was not an accident. She was born into a family of runners. When she was a kid, she first practiced tennis. In the fifth grade, people noticed her talent for running fast, and she started professional training with coach Wu Yacun. At first, she wasn’t good at moving her arms and legs together. So she practiced swinging her arms hundreds of times every day to get better. Even now, as a high school student, she balances study and training. She goes to classes in the morning and practices for three hours every afternoon.
Her talent and non-stop hard work helped her make progress all the time. At 14, she won two gold medals at the U15 World School Summer Games. She even matched the long-time records of the event. In 2024, she joined the national training team. In 2025, she won two gold medals at the Asian Championships—in the women’s 200 m and 4×100 m relay. At the National Games, she ran 11.39 seconds in the heats and 11.33 seconds in the semi-finals. Then she won the final. She felt nervous under pressure, but she quickly calmed down and did her best.
Chen’s story offers valuable lessons. It shows that talent works well with hard work. Like her, we can reach our goals by balancing study and hobbies and keeping trying. It also proves that age doesn’t stop us from chasing dreams. Whether we face study problems or sports goals, we should keep pushing ourselves. Just like Chen loves “overcoming difficulties”, let’s learn from this young runner and work hard for our own dreams!
26．What can we know about Chen Yujie from the first paragraph
A．She won the 100 m gold when she was 14.
B．She set a new Asian U20 record in 2024.
C．She is the youngest women’s 100 m champion in National Games history.
D．Her final time at the National Games was 11.33 seconds.
27．Why did Chen Yujie practice arm swings hundreds of times every day
A．To get better at moving her arms and legs together.
B．To get ready for tennis training.
C．To meet the national team’s rules.
D．To break the event’s long-time records.
28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Chen Yujie has never felt nervous in competitions.
B．Chen Yujie practices sprinting for five hours every afternoon.
C．Chen Yujie started professional sprint training in the sixth grade.
D．Chen Yujie won two golds at the 2025 Asian Championships.
29．What do you think of Chen Yujie
A．Talented, hardworking, determined. B．Creative, generous, outgoing.
C．Kind, patient, humorous. D．Confident, grateful, optimistic.
30．What is the main idea of the passage
A．To tell readers about Chen Yujie’s training plan.
B．To list Chen Yujie’s important competition results.
C．To encourage readers to keep trying for their dreams.
D．To explain how to balance study and after-school activities.
B
After a short break, Chinese badminton player Chen Yufei is getting ready for a strong comeback. On April 13, 2025, 27-year-old Chen won the women’s singles title (女单冠军) at the Badminton Asia Championships. Strong Chen’s badminton journey has been marked by both successes and challenges. At the Tokyo Olympics in 2021, she won a gold medal at just 23 years old.
However, the Paris Olympics last year were disappointing (令人失望的) for her, as she lost in the women’s singles quarterfinals (四分之一决赛). After the Paris Olympics, Chen decided to take a break in Australia and spent 10 weeks there learning English. She returned home at the end of last year, ready to turn a new page in her life.
“I realized that I still love badminton. I also understood that competitive sports are not just about effort. Ambition is very important. That’s what I’m going to focus on moving forward,” Chen told China Daily.
Chen’s ambition is clear on the international stage. After returning to competition, she won her first title at the Swiss Open in March. The gold medal at the Asia Championships marked her second win and her first at the event.
Now, Chen has set her eyes on her third Olympics in Los Angeles in 2028. “I believe I still have much room for improvement, which is why I want to keep playing,” she told China Daily.
31．When did Chen Yufei win her first gold medal in the women’s singles event
A．At the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics. B．During the 2021 Tokyo Olympics.
C．At the Badminton Asia Championships. D．In the Paris Olympics quarterfinals.
32．Why did Chen Yufei go to Australia after the Paris Olympics
A．To train for the Swiss Open. B．To compete in a tournament.
C．To learn English. D．To recover from an injury.
33．What does the underlined word “ambition” mean in Chen Yufei’s words
A．Giving up after failure. B．A strong willingness to achieve goals.
C．Avoiding competition. D．Focusing only on training.
34．What is the main idea of the article
A．Success in sports depends only on physical effort.
B．Overcoming difficulties leads to growth.
C．Learning English is necessary for athletes.
D．The Paris Olympics was a perfect event.
35．What is the best title of this article
A．Coming Back Strong B．Joining Competition Happily
C．Winning the Medal Excitedly D．Moving Forward
C
Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867, was a pioneering physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of radioactivity. Despite facing significant obstacles as a woman in a male-dominated field, she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911.
Curie’s early life was marked by hardship. Her family, once part of the educated middle class, fell into financial ruin due to political turmoil in Poland. Determined to pursue higher education, she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the Sorbonne, where she excelled academically. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist, and the couple began collaborating on research into radioactive materials.
Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium, from pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. This work earned them the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Henri Becquerel, who first discovered radioactivity. Tragically, Pierre died in a street accident in 1906, leaving Marie to continue their research alone.
Despite personal grief, Curie persisted. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize. this time in Chemistry, for her work on radium and polonium. She became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne and later established the Radium Institute in Paris to further study radioactive elements. During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as “petites Curies”, to help treat wounded soldiers.
Curie’s dedication to science came at a personal cost. Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934. However, her legacy endures. She inspired generations of scientists and laid the foundation for modern research into nuclear energy and cancer treatment.
36．What was Marie Curie’s birth name
A．Maria Sklodowska. B．Maria Pierre.
C．Maria Becquerel. D．Maria Radium.
37．In which two scientific fields did Marie Curie win Nobel Prizes
A．Physics and Biology. B．Chemistry and Medicine.
C．Physics and Chemistry. D．Biology and Medicine.
38．Why did Marie Curie name one of the elements she discovered “polonium”
A．To honor her husband. B．To honor her homeland.
C．To honor her mentor. D．To honor her colleague.
39．What was the primary cause of Marie Curie’s death
A．A street accident. B．Aplastic anemia from radiation exposure.
C．Cancer from overwork. D．Heart disease.
40．What was one of Marie Curie’s contributions during World War I
A．Developing mobile X-ray units. B．Inventing the first nuclear reactor.
C．Creating a vaccine for soldiers. D．Leading medical research teams.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
English writer Mary Beard wrote one of the best books I have ever read—Women & Power. The book only has 115 pages and it is small enough for me to put in my coat pocket. 41 Beard presents the topic of “female silence (女性的沉默)” by looking back on European history. She makes it clear that gender inequality (性别不平等) has been a long-standing problem.
42 In the book, Telemachus tells his mother to “be silent”. He says, “You should go back upstairs and take care of your work, spinning and weaving (纺织). 43 ” Another example is the sad story of Lucretia of Rome.
44 She wants to tell people that in history, all the people have told women to be silent through these examples. For readers who know something about ancient European history, it is easy to understand the book. 45 It is also a book about women and power and why women should not be silent anymore.
A．Beard gives a lot of examples.
B．It is not just a book about classics.
C．More and more people like this book.
D．You can buy this book in supermarkets.
E．But it holds great power within its pages.
F．For example, she talks about Homer’s book.
G．Speaking is for men, not women.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
As 46 old saying goes, a good book is like a good friend. If so, my best friend must be The Old Man and the Sea by American writer Ernest Hemingway.
In my eyes, Ernest Hemingway is probably one of the 47 (great) writers in the 20th century. When he was 19, he volunteered to go to war because he wanted to take risks. However, he was badly hurt in the war and 48 (get) back home. In Hemingway’s life, this experience was important. He wrote several books about the war 49 (show) how bad life was for the young men who had to fight.
Hemingway liked to write in very short sentences with simple words. This was because he wanted his readers to feel the emotions of his stories 50 (clear). The Old Man and the Sea is one of his famous books. I 51 (read) it twice. I learned a lot from this book, especially the spirit of the main character, Santiago.
The Old Man and the Sea is a story about an old fisherman named Santiago who fights with a big fish by himself in the sea. He experiences many ups and downs. He 52 (have) no water, food or people to help him. But he never stops fighting with the big fish, dangerous animals, rough sea or even his own 53 (ill).
Although the story is short and simple, it is still very powerful. It tells us that a man can be destroyed by life, 54 can still be a good and strong man. That’s why I like the book most. Every time I read it, it cheers me 55 . I hope I can be like Santiago.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或情态动词)，填入空白处。
explore, walk, get, be, grow, return, reach, send, make, become, study
On May 30, 2023, China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship 56 to its space station. Among the three astronauts, a new face has got a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a professor (教授) at Beihang University.
Born in 1986 in Shidian, Yunnan Province, Gui 57 up in a common family. When he was in primary school, he was known for asking lots of questions. He spent much of his free time 58 the unknown world in the books.
In high school, Gui was always the first 59 the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night. He became interested in space at the age of 17. That year, China successfully 60 Shenzhou-5 into space and Yang Liwei became China’s first astronaut in space. Gui 61 even harder. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study.
62 his dream come true, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees (学士和博士学位) at Beihang University. Then he worked abroad (在国外) for three years. After 63 to China, he began teaching and doing research at Beihang University.
So far Gui 64 the first Chinese civilian (平民的) astronaut to enter space. His dream has come true. From him, we learn that everything 65 possible if we put our heart into it.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Liu Xiang is a famous Chinese track and field athlete. Born in 1983 in Shanghai, he started training in hurdles when he was 12 years old. His coach found that he had great speed and agility, so he encouraged Liu Xiang to keep practicing.
In 2004, Liu Xiang made history at the Athens Olympics. He won the gold medal in the men’s 110-meter hurdles, becoming the first Chinese man to win an Olympic gold medal in track and field. This victory made him a national hero. Many young people in China were inspired by him to take up sports.
Liu Xiang kept working hard. In 2006, he broke the world record with a time of 12.88 seconds at a competition in Switzerland. He also won many medals in other international games, like the World Championships.
But Liu Xiang faced difficult times, too. In 2008, he hurt his foot and had to quit the Beijing Olympics. It was a sad moment for him and his fans. But he didn’t give up. He spent years recovering and training. In 2012, he tried to compete in the London Olympics, but his injury got worse, and he had to stop again.
In 2015, Liu Xiang announced his retirement. Now, he still encourages young people to follow their dreams. He often says, “No matter what challenges you face, never give up. Hard work will help you achieve your goals.”
66．When did Liu Xiang start training in hurdles
67．What did Liu Xiang achieve at the 2004 Athens Olympics
68．Why did Liu Xiang quit the 2008 Beijing Olympics
69．What does Liu Xiang often encourage young people to do
70．What can you learn from Liu Xiang’s story
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．学校英语社团公众号计划做一期主题为“榜样人物”的系列推送。请你根据以下内容提示用英文写一篇短文，推荐你心中的一位榜样，并写明推荐理由。
我心中的榜样人物
榜样人物 如：我的同学 推荐他/她的原因 1. 总是乐于助人 2. …… 3. …… 对你的影响 1. 学习上取得进步 2. …… 3. ……
(1) 可在上述内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
(2) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
The Role Model in My Heart
Everyone has a role model in his or her heart.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：——你爸爸多久后会回来？——两天后。
How long多长时间；How soon多久以后；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据答语“In two days”可知是对将来的一段时间提问，应填How soon。
2．D
【解析】句意：——你打算如何成为一名教师？——我打算学习教育学。
Where哪里；What什么；When什么时候；How如何/怎样。根据答句“I’m going to study education”（我打算学习教育学）可知，这是成为教师的方式或途径，应填How。
3．D
【解析】句意：——许多父母经常把自己的孩子和其他孩子比较。——我同意你的看法。
考查介词辨析。for为了；as作为；in在里面；with和。根据“Many parents often compare their own children ... other kids.”可知，父母把自己的孩子和其他孩子比较。compare A with B表示“把A和B相比较”。故选D。
4．A
【解析】句意：我们都认为玛丽是个诚实的女孩。
考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；kind友好的；serious严重的；crazy疯狂的。truthful意为“诚实的”，与“honest”意思相近。故选A。
5．D
【解析】句意：明天是教师节。为什么不给我们的英语老师送些花呢？
考查特殊疑问句。Would you mind你介意……吗，后接动名词；Why don’t为什么不，后接主语；How about……怎么样，后接动名词；Why not为什么不，后接动词原形。空后为动词原形“give”，用Why not，表示建议。故选D。
6．D
【解析】句意：——大卫以前是什么样的人？ ——哦，他以前很害羞，不够勇敢。
考查特殊疑问句。根据“he used to be shy and not brave enough”可知询问以前的性格，即“what + be动词 + someone/something + like” 的用法，意思是“询问某人或某物过去或现在的特征或状态”。“used to be”表示过去的状态，因此问句应用过去时“was”，故选D。
7．C
【解析】句意：——约翰怎么了？——他喉咙痛。
考查固定句型。询问“某人怎么了”，常用固定句型是“What’s wrong with… ”或“What’s the matter with… ”，结合选项，故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你听说过张艺谋吗？——当然。他是一位著名的中国电影导演。
考查名词辨析。singer歌手；writer作家；director导演；presenter主持人。根据语境可知，张艺谋是一位著名的中国电影导演，所以此处应该用director。故选C。
9．D
【解析】句意：当这个坏人正要离开时，警察来了并抓住了他。
考查连词辨析。So因此；If如果；But但是；As当……时。根据“the bad man was leaving, the police came and caught him.”可知，此处描述这个坏人要离开时被警察抓住了，用as引导时间状语从句。故选D。
10．A
【解析】句意：杜甫生活在唐朝，并且曾经为政府效力。
考查介词辨析。for为了；from来自；like像；as作为。根据“worked...the government”可知，此处指为政府工作，work for“为……工作”。故选A。
11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．B 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文讲述了孟母三迁的故事：孟轲（孟子）小时候父亲去世，与母亲相依为命。孟母希望儿子好好学习，但孟子很顽皮，受环境影响不爱学习。孟母因此三次搬家，从不适宜的环境搬到集市旁，发现孟子模仿商人后再次搬家，最终定居在学校附近，孟子受学生影响开始好学，后来成为知书达理的人。这个故事体现了环境对人的成长的重要性。
11．句意：他的爸爸去世了，所以他和妈妈孟母相依为命（独自和妈妈生活）。
lonely孤独的（形容词，表情感，常与feel连用）；still仍然；alone独自（副词或形容词，表状态，常与live连用）；finally最终。根据“His dad died”可知，孟子“独自”和妈妈生活，强调“没有父亲陪伴”的状态，alone符合语境。故选C。
12．句意：但是孟轲是个顽皮的男孩。
So所以；Because因为；But但是；And和。根据“Mengmu wanted her son to study hard... Meng Ke was a naughty boy”可知，孟母的期望与孟子的实际表现形成转折，But表转折。故选C。
13．句意：他跟着隔壁的孩子爬树捉鸟，跳进河里捕鱼，还偷西瓜。
forest森林；river河；field田野；park公园。根据“catch fish”可知，捕鱼需要在“河”里。故选B。
14．句意：孟母想：“我的儿子不努力学习，是因为生活环境不好。”
brother兄弟；sister姐妹；daughter女儿；son儿子。根据“Mengmu wanted her son to study hard”可知，此处指“儿子”孟轲。故选D。
15．句意：然后他们搬到了一个集市旁边的房子。
zoo动物园；museum博物馆；market集市；restaurant餐馆。根据后文“People moved around the market”可知，他们搬到了“集市”旁。故选C。
16．句意：人们在集市里走来走去，聊天谈生意，而卖家则大声呼喊以吸引顾客。
looked看；shouted呼喊；smiled微笑；knocked敲。根据“at the top of their voices trying to attract customers”可知，卖家为了吸引顾客会“大声呼喊”。故选B。
17．句意：孟轲看到这一幕，还模仿卖家的样子玩得很开心。
helped帮助；enjoyed享受；told告诉；did做。根据“by acting like a seller”可知，孟子模仿卖家，并且“玩得很开心”。故选B。
18．句意：孟母看到这一幕很害怕，自言自语道。
myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；herself她自己。主语是“Mengmu”（孟母，女性），此处指她“自言自语”，用反身代词herself。故选D。
19．句意：于是她带着孟轲离开了集市。
from从；for为了；with和；about关于。“take... away from...”是固定搭配，意为 “把……从……带走”。故选A。
20．句意：最后他们在一所学校旁边定居下来。
bank银行；school学校；hospital医院；shop商店。根据后文“There Meng Ke saw the good pupils”可知，他们搬到了“学校”旁。故选B。
21．句意：他从他们身上学到了良好的礼仪。
heard听到；kept保持；learned学习；dated约会。根据“good manners from them”可知，孟轲从好学生那里“学到”礼仪。故选C。
22．句意：他看到学生们读书，他也照着做。
buying买；selling卖；making制作；reading读。根据“books”可知，学生们在“读书”。故选D。
23．句意：很快他就对读书和探求知识产生了兴趣。
knowledge知识；advice建议；culture文化；directions方向。根据“reading”可知，读书是为了获取“知识”。故选A。
24．句意：孟母认为学校才是她一直在寻找的合适环境。
difficult困难的；terrible糟糕的；right合适的；strange奇怪的。根据孟轲在学校旁开始好学可知，学校是“合适的”环境。故选C。
25．句意：众所周知，后来孟轲长大成为一个知书达理、学识渊博的人。
grew up长大；gave up放弃；woke up醒来；stayed up熬夜。根据“to be a well-mannered, knowledgeable man”可知，这是孟轲“长大”后的状态。故选A。
26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍Chen Yujie的故事，鼓励读者为梦想而努力。
26．根据“She not only set a new personal best but also broke the Asian U20 record—and became the youngest women’s 100 m champion in the event’s history.”可知，她是全运会历史上最年轻的女子100米冠军。
27．根据“At first, she wasn’t good at moving her arms and legs together. So she practiced swinging her arms hundreds of times every day to get better.”可知，是为了更好地协调她的胳膊和腿。
28．根据“In 2025, she won two gold medals at the Asian Championships—in the women’s 200 m and 4×100 m relay. At the National Games, she ran 11.39 seconds in the heats and 11.33 seconds in the semi-finals.”可知，她在2025年亚洲锦标赛上获得两枚金牌。
29．根据“In the fifth grade, people noticed her talent for running fast”可知，她在跑步方面很有天赋；根据“Her talent and non-stop hard work helped her make progress all the time.”可知，她很努力；根据“She felt nervous under pressure, but she quickly calmed down and did her best.”和“Just like Chen loves ‘overcoming difficulties’”可知，她意志力坚定。
30．根据“Just like Chen loves ‘overcoming difficulties’, let’s learn from this young runner and work hard for our own dreams!”可知，这篇文章是鼓励读者为梦想而努力。
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国羽毛球运动员陈雨菲在经历巴黎奥运会的失利后，通过调整和学习重新找回状态，并在之后的比赛中取得优异成绩，展现了运动员克服困难、不断成长的精神。
31．细节理解题。根据“At the Tokyo Olympics in 2021, she won a gold medal at just 23 years old.”可知，陈雨菲在2021年东京奥运会上获得了她的第一枚女单金牌。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“After the Paris Olympics, Chen decided to take a break in Australia and spent 10 weeks there learning English.”可知，陈雨菲在巴黎奥运会后去澳大利亚是为了学习英语。故选C。
33．词义猜测题。根据“I also understood that competitive sports are not just about effort. Ambition is very important.”可知，陈雨菲认为竞技体育不仅需要努力，还需要强烈的目标意愿。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了陈雨菲在经历挫折后重新振作，通过努力和决心取得新的成就，体现了克服困难带来成长的主题。故选B。
35．标题归纳题。文章讲述了陈雨菲在经历低谷后强势回归的故事，因此“Coming back Strong”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。
36．A 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了玛丽·居里的生平与成就。
36．细节理解题。根据“Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867”可知，她的本名是Maria Sklodowska。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911”可知，她在物理学和化学领域分别获奖。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium”可知，“钋”是以她的祖国（波兰）命名的，以表达对祖国的敬意。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934”可知，长期接触放射性物质导致的再生障碍性贫血是她的主要死因。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as ‘petites Curies’, to help treat wounded soldiers”可知，她在一战期间研发了移动X光设备，用于救治伤员。故选A。
41．E 42．F 43．G 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Mary Beard所著的《女性与权力》一书的内容和主题。书中通过回顾欧洲历史，探讨了女性沉默和性别不平等的长期问题，并呼吁女性不再沉默。
41．根据“The book only has 115 pages and it is small enough for me to put in my coat pocket.”和“Beard presents the topic of “female silence ( 女性的沉默)” by looking back on European history.”可知，此处应表示虽然书很薄，但内容非常有力量。选项E“但书中蕴含着巨大的力量。”符合语境。故选E。
42．根据“In the book, Telemachus tells his mother to ‘be silent’.”可知，此处与书有关。选项F“例如，她谈到荷马的书。”符合语境。故选F。
43．根据“Telemachus tells his mother to ‘be silent’.”和“You should go back upstairs and take care of your work, spinning and weaving (纺织)”可知，此处与不让女性说话有关。选项G“说话是男人的事，不是女人的。”符合语境。故选G。
44．根据“She wants to tell people that in history, all the people have told women to be silent through these examples.”可知，此处与例子有关。选项A“Beard举了很多例子。”符合语境。故选A。
45．根据“It is also a book about women and power and why women should not be silent anymore.”可知，此处与书的内容有关。选项B“这不仅仅是一本关于经典的书。”符合语境。故选B。
46．an 47．greatest 48．got 49．to show 50．clearly 51．have read 52．has 53．illnesses 54．but 55．up
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者以一句谚语引出自己最喜欢的书籍《老人与海》，介绍了该书作者海明威的生平经历、写作风格，以及这本书的主要内容和带给自己的启示。
46．句意：正如一句老话所说，一本好书就像一位好朋友。old是以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表示“一句”，用不定冠词an。故填an。
47．句意：在我看来，欧内斯特 海明威或许是20世纪最伟大的作家之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……之一”，great “伟大的”的最高级形式为greatest。故填greatest。
48．句意：然而，他在战争中受了重伤，然后回到了家。and连接并列谓语，前半句用一般过去时，get的过去式为got，时态保持一致，构成got back home，表示“回到家”。故填got。
49．句意：他写了几本关于战争的书，以此来展现那些被迫参战的年轻人的生活有多糟糕。此处用动词不定式to show作目的状语，说明写书的目的。故填to show。
50．句意：这是因为他想让读者清晰地感受到他故事里的情感。clear是形容词，此处修饰动词feel，需用其副词形式clearly。故填clearly。
51．句意：这本书我已经读了两遍。根据“twice”可知，此处强调动作已经完成，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语I为第一人称，助动词用have，read的过去分词为read。故填have read。
52．句意：他没有水、食物，也没有人来帮助他。文章讲述书中故事用一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词have用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。
53．句意：但他从未停止与大鱼、危险的动物、汹涌的大海甚至自己的疾病抗争。own是形容词，后接名词，ill的名词形式为illness，此处表示泛指，用复数形式illnesses。故填illnesses。
54．句意：它告诉我们，一个人可能会被生活摧毁，但仍然可以成为一个善良且坚强的人。前半句和后半句是转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。
55．句意：每次我读它，它都能让我振作起来。cheer sb. up 是固定短语，意为“使某人振作起来”。故填up。
56．got 57．grew 58．exploring 59．to reach 60．sent 61．studied 62．To make 63．returning 64．has become 65．is
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国神舟十六号航天员桂海潮的成长经历和航天梦想的实现过程。
56．句意：2023年5月30日，中国神舟十六号飞船抵达空间站。根据“China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship...to its space station.”可知，此处指“到达空间站”，get to“到达”，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填get的过去式got。故填got。
57．句意：桂海潮1986年出生于云南省施甸县，在一个普通家庭中长大。根据所给单词和“Gui...up in a common family”可知，此处应用动词短语grow up表示“长大”，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填grow的过去式grew。故填grew。
58．句意：他花了很多空闲时间探索书中未知的世界。根据“He spent much of his free time...the unknown world in the books.”和所给单词可知，此处指“探索未知的世界”，动词explore“探索”符合语境，结合短语spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”可知，空处应填explore的动词-ing形式exploring。故填exploring。
59．句意：在高中，桂海潮总是早上第一个到教室学习，晚上最后一个离开。根据“Gui was always the first...the classroom in the morning to study and the last to leave at night.”可知，桂海潮总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开的人。动词reach“到达”符合语境，结合短语the first to do sth.“第一个做某事的人”可知，空处应填动词不定式to reach。故填to reach。
60．句意：那一年，中国成功地将神舟五号送入太空，杨利伟成为中国第一位太空宇航员。根据“China successfully...Shenzhou-5 into space”可知，中国成功地将神舟五号送入太空，动词send“发送”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填send的过去式sent。故填sent。
61．句意：桂海潮学习更加努力了。根据下文“Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study.”和所给单词可推知，桂海潮学习更加努力了，动词study“学习”符合语境，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填study的过去式studied。故填studied。
62．句意：为了实现自己的梦想，桂海潮花了九年时间在北京航空航天大学获得了学士和博士学位。make one’s dream come true“实现某人的梦想”；根据“...his dream come true, Gui spent nine years taking his bachelor’s and PhD degrees (学士和博士学位) at Beihang University.”可知，桂海潮花九年时间在北京航空航天大学获得学士和博士学位是为了实现自己的梦想，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，空处应填to make，句首首字母大写。故填To make。
63．句意：回国后，他开始在北京航空航天大学教书和做研究。根据上文“Then he worked abroad (在国外) for three years.”可推知，此处指“回到中国后”，动词return“返回”符合语境，空前的After是介词，其后接动词-ing形式，所以空处应填return的动词-ing形式returning。故填returning。
64．句意：到目前为止，桂海潮已经成为第一个进入太空的中国平民宇航员。根据“So far Gui...the first Chinese civilian (平民的) astronaut to enter space.”和所给单词可知，此处指“成为第一个进入太空的中国平民宇航员”，动词become“成为”符合语境，结合空前的So far可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词，主语Gui表示单数，所以应用助动词has，become的过去分词是become。故填has become。
65．句意：从他身上，我们学到了如果我们用心去做，一切皆有可能。根据“everything...possible”可知，此处应用“主系表”结构，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语everything表示单数，所以空处应填系动词is。故填is。
66．He started training in hurdles when he was 12 years old. 67．He won the gold medal in the men’s 110-meter hurdles. 68．Because he hurt his foot. 69．He often encourages them to follow their dreams and never give up. 70．I learn that hard work and perseverance can help us achieve our goals, even when we face difficulties.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国著名田径运动员刘翔的职业生涯，包括他的训练经历、在奥运会上的成就、面临的困难以及他退役后对年轻人的鼓励，展现了刘翔坚韧不拔的精神和为梦想努力奋斗的品质。
66．文中明确提到“he started training in hurdles when he was 12 years old”，所以答案是直接从原文提取信息，即他12岁开始跨栏训练。
67．根据“In 2004, Liu Xiang made history at the Athens Olympics. He won the gold medal in the men’s 110-meter hurdles”可知，在2004年雅典奥运会上他赢得了男子110米栏金牌，这是原文直接给出的信息。
68．由“In 2008, he hurt his foot and had to quit the Beijing Olympics”可知，他退出2008年北京奥运会是因为脚受伤了，这是原文中的具体原因。
69．从“Now, he still encourages young people to follow their dreams. He often says, ‘No matter what challenges you face, never give up. Hard work will help you achieve your goals.’”能得出，他经常鼓励年轻人追随梦想且永不放弃，答案是对原文相关内容的总结。
70．开放题，答案不唯一。结合刘翔在面对伤病等困难时仍坚持训练、不放弃，最终取得诸多成就等内容，合理阐述从他故事中学到的道理即可，如从他身上学到努力和坚持能帮助我们实现目标，即便面对困难也不放弃。
71．例文：
The Role Model in My Heart
Everyone has a role model in his or her heart. Mine is my classmate, Li Hua.
Li Hua is not only kind but also always ready to help others. He often helps classmates with their studies or other problems. Besides being helpful, he studies very hard and is never afraid of difficulties. He is also very brave and always stands up for what is right.
Li Hua influences me a lot. Because of him, I study harder and have made progress in my subjects. I also learn to be braver. Moreover, I try to help others more often now, just like him.
I think Li Hua is a great role model for all of us.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：内容要点已给出，考生应按要求进行写作，不可遗漏任何信息提示，适当添加细节，使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接已给出的开头，表明自己心中的榜样是谁；
第二步，讲述推荐他/她的原因；
第三步，讲述他/她对你的影响；
第四步，总结。
[亮点词汇]
① not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
② help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
③ be afraid of 害怕
④ stand up for 捍卫，坚决维护
⑤ because of 因为
⑥ make progress in 在……方面取得进步/进展
[高分句型]
① He is also very brave and always stands up for what is right. (what引导宾语从句)
② I think Li Hua is a great role model for all of us. (省略that的宾语从句)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)