(共53张PPT)
第4讲 无提示词之并列连词和3大从句
技法1 如何确定并列连词
技法2 如何确定定语从句的关系词
目 录 索 引
技法3 如何确定名词性从句的连接词
技法4 如何确定状语从句的从属连词
技法1 如何确定并列连词
类别
并列连词
典例呈现
1.(2025浙江1月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or contributing to① landfill.
并列关系
【深度分析】根据句子结构和句意可知,“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系。故填 。
and
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one,you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【深度分析】whether...or...意为“是……还是……”,是固定搭配。
故填 。
3.(2023全国乙卷)It is a distinct② visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work, somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination③.
【深度分析】分析句意可知,上下文构成转折关系。故填 。
or
but
技法指导
1.分析句子成分和逻辑关系:
①表示并列或递进关系的有and、both...and、not only...but(also)等。
②表示选择关系的有or、either...or、not...but、whether...or等。
③表示转折或对比关系的有but、while、yet等。
注意:but不与although连用,但yet可以与although连用。
④表示因果关系的有so、for等。
注意:so不与because连用。
2.牢记以下几个固定句型:
①祈使句+and/or+陈述句
②be doing...when...
③be about to do...when...
④be on the point of doing...when...
⑤had just done...when...
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
促成
adj.明显的
n.结合
技法2 如何确定定语从句的关系词
类别
关系代词
典例呈现
1.(2025全国一卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring① artwork inspired by Go,or weiqi in Chinese, originated② in China more than 4,000 years ago. 先行词
【深度分析】此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词为Go,or weiqi in Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填 。
which
2.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary③ design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【深度分析】此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是the Silk Route,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填 。
which/that
3.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu, is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”,add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【深度分析】先行词是Tang Xianzu,指人,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语。故填 。
4.(2024全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978,took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【深度分析】此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Wrangell-Saint Elias,指物,关系词在从句中作主语。故填 。
who
which
5.(2023全国甲卷)Yet,the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in A Fable for Tomorrow.
【深度分析】此处指代整个主句的内容,引导非限制性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as引导。故填 。
6.(2023全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place
welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
【深度分析】此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是a place,指物,关系词在从句中作主语。故填 。
as
which/that
技法指导
1.关系代词确定方法
①先行词指人且关系词在从句中作主语时,用关系词that/who。
②先行词指人且关系词在从句中作宾语时,用关系词that/who/whom,也可以不填。
③先行词指物且关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时,用关系词that/which。
④先行词指人或物且关系词在从句中作定语时,用关系词whose。
⑤非限制性定语从句不能用关系词that引导。
⑥在非限制性定语从句中,如果先行词是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分,用关系词as或which。as意为“正如”;which意为“这一点,这件事”。
2.只用关系代词that不用which的情况
①当先行词是不定代词all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing、none、the one等时。
②当先行词前面有the only、the very、any、few、little、no、all等词修饰时。
③当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
④当先行词被序数词修饰时。
⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。
⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
3.只用关系代词which的情况
①在非限制性定语从句中且先行词是物。
②在介词后面。如“The house in which we live is very old.”。
4.只用关系代词who的情况
①当先行词是指人的代词,如he、she、someone、anyone、those时。
②非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时用who。
类别
关系副词
典例呈现
7.(2025全国二卷)I was born and raised in Cleveland,Ohio in the United States.Yet now,I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese husband and his family, bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains,chickens are always free-range,and central heating doesn’t exist.
【深度分析】此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填 。
where
8.(2023全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America all life seemed to enjoy peaceful coexistence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【深度分析】先行词是town,定语从句中缺少地点状语。故填 。
9.According to experts,this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremony for sacrifice④.
【深度分析】先行词是the Ming Dynasty,定语从句中缺少时间状语。
故填 。
where
when
10.Woesler said that one of the reasons modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics.
【深度分析】先行词是reasons,定语从句中缺少原因状语。
故填 。
why
技法指导
5.关系副词确定方法
①先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且关系词在从句中作状语时,用关系副词when、where或why。
②表“地点化”的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时用关系副词where引导。这些词有job、work、career、position、point、case、activity、situation、atmosphere等。
类别
介词+关系词
典例呈现
11.There are many different types of quyi performance in China,such as dagu, pingshu and shuanghuang,among the crosstalk is most popular.
【深度分析】此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是different types of quyi performance,指物,关系词在从句中作介词among的宾语。故填 。
which
12.The old lady had one son and two daughters,none of treated her well,which made her very sad.
【深度分析】此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是one son and two daughters,指人,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语。
故填 。
whom
技法指导
6.如果先行词指人,用whom;如果先行词指物,用which;如果先行词指人或物,且关系词在从句中作定语,则用whose。
7.介词根据以下原则来确定:
①根据与先行词的搭配判断。
②根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配判断。
③根据定语从句中形容词的搭配判断。
④根据定语从句的句意判断。
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
④
vt.以……为特色
vi.起源
adj.当代的
n.祭祀
技法3 如何确定名词性从句的连接词
类别
that和whether/if
典例呈现
1.(2022浙江卷1月)Cobb,for her party,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so remotely;about three-quarters of the time,they agreed.
【深度分析】此处引导宾语从句,且在从句中表示“是否”。
故填 。
2.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,此处引导同位语从句,解释说明evidence的具体内容。故填 。
whether/if
that
技法指导
1.当从句不缺任何成分时,所填连接词也没有任何意思,要考虑连接词that;若表示“是否”,一般考虑连接词whether;if只引导动词后的宾语从句,不能引导介词后的宾语从句或与or not连用。
类别
连接代词
典例呈现
3.(2024全国甲卷)On a cool,starry night in mid-September 1870,four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming.
【深度分析】空格处引导宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,且从句缺少主语,指物。故填 。
what
4.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song The Long and Winding Road. is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【深度分析】空格处引导主语从句,且从句中缺少主语;句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
技法指导
2.若从句缺少主语、宾语或表语,要用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whose、whatever等。
What
类别
连接副词
典例呈现
5.It is assumed that the Jiahu people left their home to settle elsewhere,even though there is no indication as to that might have been.
【深度分析】介词短语as to(关于)后接宾语从句;表地点,在从句中作表语。故填 。
where
6.Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.This is decorating with plants,fruits and flowers carries special significance①.
【深度分析】空格处引导表语从句。根据句意可知,从句缺少原因状语。故填 。
7.As natural architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【深度分析】figure out后接宾语从句,此处用how修饰形容词thick,表示程度。故填 。
why
how
技法指导
3.若从句不缺主语、宾语或表语,但缺少状语,用连接副词where(表示地点)、when(表示时间)、how(表示方式或程度)、why(表示结果),根据句意选择合适的连接副词。
类别
形式主语和形式宾语it
典例呈现
8.It is reported the temperature will decline② sharply in one or two days.
【深度分析】it作形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。
故填 。
9.I considered it a privilege③ I would deliver a speech standing here on behalf of④ our school.
【深度分析】it作形式宾语,that引导的从句是真正的宾语。
故填 。
that
that
技法指导
4.在名词性从句中,有时用it作形式主语或形式宾语,真正的主语或宾语是后面的从句。
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
④
n.意义
v.下降
n.荣幸
代表
技法4 如何确定状语从句的从属连词
类别
状语从句的连接词
典例呈现
1.(2022全国乙卷) you ride a bicycle,you don’t use petrol.
【深度分析】根据句意可知,此处引导条件/时间状语从句;句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
2.(2021全国甲卷)In my opinion, in trouble,we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
【深度分析】根据句意可知,此处引导时间状语从句,故填 。
If/When
when/whenever
3.(2020全国Ⅲ卷) he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist,they smiled and pointed down the river.
【深度分析】此处引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”,且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词,不能用while引导;句首单词首字母应大写。
故填 。
4.Over time, the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
【深度分析】as在此处表示“随着”,引导时间状语从句。故填 。
When/As
as
5.He realized that it was important to do all that he wanted to do without postponing them, it was fixing a friendship that had problems or going on an adventurous① vacation.
【深度分析】此处用“whether...or...”引导让步状语从句,表示“无论……还是……”。故填 。
6.(2022全国甲卷)The disagreement was sharp② that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
【深度分析】so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故填 。
whether
so
技法指导
1.常见的状语从句的连词有:
①时间状语从句:when、while、as、before、after、until、till、as soon as、the moment、immediately、instantly、since、every/each time、next/last time、by the time、once等。
②地点状语从句:where、wherever等。
③原因状语从句:because、since、as、now that、in that等。
④条件状语从句:if、unless、as/so long as等。
⑤目的状语从句:in order that、so that、in order to、so as to等。
⑥结果状语从句:so that、so...that、such...that等。注意:名词前有many、much、few、little时用so。
⑦比较状语从句:than、as...as、not so/as...as。
⑧方式状语从句:as if、as though、as等。
⑨让步状语从句:though、although、while、even if、even though、as、“no matter+疑问词”“疑问词+-ever”。
2.状语从句的省略:
①在时间、条件、让步、比较状语从句中,如果主句与从句的主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词时,可省略主语和be动词。
②在虚拟条件状语从句中,如果从句中有had(助动词)、should或were时,可省略if,把had(助动词)、should或were移至主语前。虚拟语气语法填空通常不考,但写作中常用。
3.状语从句的时态:
①主将从现:当主句表达将来含义时,条件、时间和让步状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
②在since引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词通常用一般过去时,而主句主语不是it时,主句常用现在完成时,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。
[语境猜词]
①
②
adj.冒险的
adj.尖锐的
课堂应用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The valley,including a museum,claims to be the only place visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants.
2. I have pointed out,it is important to include vegetables in our diet.
3.In recognition of individual preferences,we have selected the very lineup(阵容) represents diverse music genres such as pop and rock.
4.When performing Beijing Opera,artists follow the established formats of singing,reciting,acting,and martial arts, are the four core elements and skills of Beijing Opera.
where
As
that
which
5.Every year on March 14,students around the world put down their textbooks and pick up slices of pie to celebrate a unique and delicious holiday—Pi(π)Day;thinking of the first 3 digits(数位) of π,you can quickly work out
March 14 was chosen as the date for Pi Day.
6.Unlike ordinary paper-making,where trees need to be cut down,Dai paper is environmentally friendly;this is its raw material is the bark of a kind of trees unique to the area.
7.Using high-speed rail, used to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
why
because
what
8.An explosive mixture of gunpowder and chemical compounds(化合物) is
makes fireworks flash in pretty colors and fun shapes.
9. they’d originally planned to ride from Guatemala up to the Arctic Ocean,and across to Canada,before flying to Spain and heading to Africa,the significant cost increase due to a number of issues, including rising oil prices and supply shortages,forced them to change their route.
10.All in all, you are interested in martial arts or want an all-round approach to well-being,Maze Fist ensures you a rewarding experience.
what
Although/Though/While
whether
Ⅱ.语篇填空
A(2025山东潍坊三模)
Africa is known for its vast natural resources and beautiful landscapes,but it is also home to a rich culture of art.Traditionally,healing(疗愈),pleasure, protection,and transformation have all been central themes in the work of African artists.African art is 1. vast and varied category involving masks,sculptures,textiles,and beadwork from across the African continent.There is no one definition of African art;however,there are some common themes 2. run throughout this genre(体裁).
a
that/which
One of the most distinguishing features of African art 3. (be) the use of color.Bright colors are often used to express the energy and joy of life,while dark colors can convey 4. (sad) or anger.Texture(纹理) is also an important element of African art,with artists often 5. (use) complicated patterns and designs 6. (create) a sense of movement and dynamism.
African artists often combine instruments into their work.In fact,music represents the importance of creativity and expression within African culture. By now,traditional African instruments 7. (adapt) for use by Western musicians,making their way into genres such as jazz and rock.
is
sadness
using
to create
have been adapted
Masks are an important part of traditional African culture.Each mask has its own unique design and purpose.In western Africa,wooden masks were
8. (initial) worn for religious and formal occasions 9.
weddings,agricultural work,and wartime preparations.“The mask does not hide; it reveals the true face of the spirit.” The quote shows 10. a mask in African culture means.
initially
like
what
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲艺术的丰富内涵,包括其核心主题、显著特点(如色彩和纹理的运用)、与音乐的结合以及面具在传统文化中的重要性。
1.a 考查冠词。category为可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个广泛而多样的类别”,且vast是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
2.that/which 考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为themes,指物,在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
3.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语One of the most distinguishing features为单数概念。故填is。
4.sadness 考查名词。此处与anger并列,作convey的宾语,故填sadness。
5.using 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语,artists与use为主动关系,用现在分词。故填using。
6.to create 考查非谓语动词。短语use sth to do sth意为“用某物做某事”,此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to create。
7.have been adapted 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语By now(到目前为止)可知,此处用现在完成时;instruments与adapt为被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语为名词复数。故填have been adapted。
8.initially 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词worn,应用副词。故填initially。
9.like 考查介词。空后为名词短语,列举木质面具的佩戴场合,所以此处表示举例。故填like。
10.what 考查宾语从句。此处引导宾语从句,作shows的宾语,从句中缺少宾语,用连接代词what,意为“……的事物”。故填what。
B(2025山东济宁三模)
As a demonstration sport at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games,pickleball is rapidly gaining popularity across China,11. (unique) integrating fitness,friendship,and fashion.
12. (emerge) as a beloved pastime for American seniors in the 1960s,pickleball has evolved into a dynamic sport.Playfully called the “fun cousin” of tennis,pickleball 13. (play) by two or four players on a badminton court with oversized ping-pong paddles.Its rules are straightforward, requiring minimal physical efforts 14. the form of running,making it accessible to players of all ages and skill levels.Its low barrier to entry-requiring only a paddle set and ball,both of which are widely accessible and budget-friendly,15. (ensure) that anyone can have a try.
uniquely
Emerging
is played
in
ensures
Pickleball is also a sport centered around fun and friendship.Its social aspect can foster lasting friendships and 16. (tie) beyond the court.The inclusive and welcoming nature of pickleball communities enhances overall well-being and a sense of 17. (belong).
Currently,not only is pickleball played in first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai,but it’s also expanding its presence into smaller cities across China. 18. you’re a seasoned athlete or a beginner seeking a new, sporty activity,pickleball provides an 19. (engage) experience for you.Ready to try Find a local court and give it 20. go.
ties
belonging
Whether
engaging
a
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了匹克球作为2024年巴黎奥运会的示范项目在中国迅速流行的情况,包括其起源、特点、社交属性及传播范围。
11.uniquely 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词integrating,应用副词形式, unique的副词为uniquely,意为“独特地”。故填uniquely。
12.Emerging 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作状语,emerge与逻辑主语pickleball为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词;空处位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Emerging。
13.is played 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语pickleball与play为被动关系,且描述客观规则,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数。故填is played。
14.in 考查介词。短语in the form of意为“以……形式”。故填in。
15.ensures 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句子主语为Its low barrier to entry为第三人称单数,且陈述客观事实,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填ensures。
16.ties 考查名词复数。tie为可数名词单数,意为“纽带”,与friendships并列,所以应用名词复数,作宾语。故填ties。
17.belonging 考查词性转换。短语a sense of belonging意为“归属感”。故填belonging。
18.Whether 考查连词。此处为固定搭配,whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Whether。
19.engaging 考查词性转换。此处修饰名词experience,所以使用形容词形式。故填engaging。
20.a 考查冠词。短语give it a go意为“尝试一下”。故填a。(共109张PPT)
专题四 语篇填空
语法热点一 谓语动词
语法热点二 非谓语动词
目 录 索 引
语法热点三 动词的词性转换
高考统计分析
试卷 名称 考试 年份 体裁 主题 语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 考点统计 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名 词 形容词、 副词 代 词 数 词 冠 词 介 词 并列 连词 从句
引导词
全国一卷 2025 新闻报道 人与社会 围棋主题艺术展 239 2 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
试卷 名称 考试 年份 体裁 主题 语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 考点统计 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名 词 形容词、 副词 代 词 数 词 冠 词 介 词 并列 连词 从句
引导词
新课标 Ⅰ卷 2024 说明文 人与社会 英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及玻璃温室 241 1 1 3 2 0 0 1 1 0 1
2023 说明文 人与社会 中国美食小笼包 205 0 4 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
试卷 名称 考试 年份 体裁 主题 语境 文章话题 篇章 词数 考点统计 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名 词 形容词、 副词 代 词 数 词 冠 词 介 词 并列 连词 从句
引导词
全国二卷 2025 记叙文 人与自然 美好的浙江乡村生活 226 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
新课标 Ⅱ卷 2024 说明文 人与社会 当“莎士比亚”遇上“汤显祖” 268 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
2023 记叙文 人与自我 教饲养员英语 200 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
命题趋势
1.以说明文或记叙文为主
语篇长度在200词左右。选材贴近考生生活实际。有提示词类与无提示词类题目的比例为6∶4或者7∶3。
2.语篇句子结构复杂化
近三年语篇在文本长难句中设题,深层次考查学生对文本语法的分析能力。所以考生要强化训练分析句子结构的能力,特别注意含有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的主从复合句的句子结构和非谓语动词的分析。
3.注重中西方文化、传统文化以及文化与科技融合的考查
2025年全国一卷介绍的围棋主题艺术展巧妙融合传统文化、人工智能以及当代艺术,是中国传统文化中的哲思与智慧和现代科技相结合的全新呈现。2025年全国二卷通过一名移居中国的美籍女士对其在浙江乡间晾衣后感受到“阳光香味”的经历和充满感情的描述,体现中国人善用自然之力创造诗意栖居的生活智慧。2024年新课标Ⅰ卷介绍了英国“丝绸之路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响,宣传了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。2024年新课标Ⅱ卷报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻,介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处,展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。预测今年高考英语命题将在注重考查语言能力的同时,启发学生对中华文明的深入思考,引导学生增强民族认同感和家国情怀,坚定文化自信。
命题揭秘
板块一 有提示词类
第1讲 提示词为动词
语法热点一 谓语动词
技法1 如何判定是谓语动词
典例呈现
(2025全国一卷)“The players’ personalities① 60 (reveal) during the game,and one’s weaknesses are exposed to② the opponent③,” she adds.“A decent④ winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side.”
被动关系
【深度分析】
60.and连接两个并列的句子;and前的句子缺谓语;句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语personalities(性格)与动词reveal之间是动宾关系,所以需用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 。
61.always是一般现在时的标志词,该句缺谓语,主语A decent winner是第三人称单数,故填 。
are revealed
tries
技法指导:句子结构分析法
第一步 确定谓语动词
1.简单判断:句子必须有谓语,若空格所在句无其他动词,那么此空就填谓语动词。
2.分析句子结构:若句子是简单句,主语后面的动词就是谓语动词;若是并列句,前后两个句子都要有谓语动词;若是复合句,主句和从句都要有谓语动词。
第二步 确定谓语动词的形式
1.时态:根据时间标志词、并列谓语、语境等确定。
2.语态:根据主语与谓语之间是主动或被动关系确定。
3.主谓一致:根据主语的单复数确定。
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
④
n.个性
暴露
n.对手
adj.体面的
技法2 如何判定谓语动词的时态
典例呈现
1.(2025八省联考)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China,but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
【深度分析】分析句子成分并结合句意可知,空格处和provides并列作本句的谓语;根据provides 可知,此处也应用一般现在时;主语为单数专有名词The UN Chinese Language Day,谓语应用单数形式。故填 。
promotes
2.(2024全国甲卷)They (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome① weeks in witness② of the natural beauties there.
【深度分析】根据句意以及下文的had spent可知,此处用一般过去时,且主语是They。故填 。
3.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)As a little girl,I (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
【深度分析】根据下文的grew可知,此处用一般过去时。故填 。
4.(2022全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao (walk) through 34 countries in six continents.
【深度分析】根据时间状语In the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词应用has。故填 。
were
wished
has walked
技法指导
1.4个依据速判一般现在时
判断依据①:对主语现在的情况作一般说明,如:个性、能力或特征。
判断依据②:表示客观事实、普遍真理,或用在格言、警句中。
判断依据③:表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作,常与always、often、every day等频度副词连用。
判断依据④:根据照应定时态。时间和条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则;并列结构中要明确时态是否需要一致。
2.3个依据速判现在完成时
判断依据①:语境表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,常译为“已经……”
判断依据②:语境表示过去的动作一直持续到现在,且可能持续下去,常译为“一直……”
判断依据③:常见时态标志词为so far、by now/up to now/till now、to date、in/for/over/during the last/past/recent few years since(主现完从过去)、over time、over the years、持续到现在的“for+时间段”。
3.判定一般过去时的“一基本,二参照,三注意”
一基本:表示动作发生在过去的时间状语,如 last month、two weeks ago、in 2019、in the 18th century等。
二参照:①参照并列谓语/主句或从句谓语/并列句谓语;
②参照上下文语境的时间信息。
三注意:①注意隐蔽的时间状语;
②注意主从句/并列谓语时态不一致;
③注意分析长难句,找主干。
[语境猜词]
①
②
adj.令人惊叹的
n.见证
技法3 如何确定谓语动词的语态
典例呈现
1.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later,a six-metre-tall pavilion,inspired by The Peony Pavilion, (build) at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
【深度分析】根据时间状语Two years later可知,本句描述的是过去的事实,应用一般过去时;主语a six-metre-tall pavilion是第三人称单数,与动词build之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填 。
2.(2024全国甲卷)What should (do) with such a beautiful place
【深度分析】主语What指物,与谓语动词do之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;情态动词should后接动词原形。故填 。
was built
be done
3.(2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down① through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to② important truths.
【深度分析】从句主语a simple literary form与employ之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;且情态动词can后接动词原形。故填 。
be employed
技法指导
被动语态三牢记
一牢记:明确主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系,判断是主动还是被动。
二牢记:掌握各种常考时态的被动语态结构以及动词的各种拼写形式,尤其是不规则动词的现在分词、过去式和过去分词形式。
三牢记:①常考的无被动语态的系动词(appear、seem、become 等);②常考的无被动语态的不及物动词及短语(happen、occur、take place、break out、come along、run out、give out、come up、consist of、come into being、belong to等);③情态动词后的被动语态的一般结构是“情态动词+be done”。
[语境猜词]
①
②
流传
引起注意
技法4 确定主谓一致3原则
类别
语法一致原则
典例呈现
1.(2025全国二卷)The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes
(be) one of them.
【深度分析】本句描述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The “sunshine scent” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数。故填 。
is
2.(2025浙江1月卷)The concept① (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers,it is just taking off.
【深度分析】系动词be作谓语,句子陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,且主语The concept是可数名词单数。故填 。
3.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns.
【深度分析】根据句意以及定语从句的时态可知,用一般过去时,且主语Some of the things是复数。故填 。
is
were
技法指导
1.动词-ing形式(短语)、动词不定式、从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
2.主语后接介词短语或其他插入语,如with、together with、as well as、like、but、except、along with、rather than、including、in addition to等,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,这种语法现象也被称为“就远原则”。
3.由and、both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念、兼具同一身份时,谓语动词用单数形式。
4.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。
5.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。被each、every、no修饰的名词作主语时,即使有and连接,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
类别
就近一致原则
典例呈现
4.Not only the students but also their teacher (be) moved deeply by the moving story that day.
【深度分析】根据not only...but also遵循就近原则可知,谓语动词与their teacher保持一致,用单数,且根据that day可知,用一般过去时。
故填 。
5.Today in Jingxian County,there (be) many xuan paper factories and workshops,where the paper is still made by master craftsmen using traditional techniques.
【深度分析】根据there be遵循就近原则可知,谓语动词与many xuan paper factories保持一致,用复数,且根据下文的is可知,用一般现在时。
故填 。
was
are
技法指导
6.由or、either...or、neither...nor、not only...but(also)、not...but...等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致,这种语法现象也被称为“就近原则”。
7.there be句型中主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最近的主语保持一致。
类别
意义一致原则
典例呈现
6.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)Often,only a small part of a museum’s collection
(be) on display②.Most of it is stored away or used for research.
【深度分析】主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数,谓语动词用单数形式;描述客观事实,用一般现在时。故填 。
is
7.The class (be) doing an experiment when the teacher came in.
【深度分析】主语class是集体名词,这里指的是学生们,谓语动词应用复数;根据came可知,用一般过去时;was/were doing sth when...表示“正在做某事,这时突然……”。故填 。
8.This pair of glasses (be) found in the bag this morning.
【深度分析】根据时间状语this morning可知,用一般过去时;谓语动词应该与pair保持一致。故填 。
were
was
技法指导
8.集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体的具体成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family、class、team、group等。
9.“the+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
10.名词被分数、百分数或some、a part of等修饰时,要根据名词的单复数概念确定谓语动词的数。
11.由两部分构成一个整体的物体名词如shoes、trousers、pants、jeans、glasses等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。但如果这类名词被a pair of、a piece of、a kind of等修饰,谓语动词的单复数与表示计量单位的名词一致。
[语境猜词]
①
②
n.概念
陈列;展出
语法热点二 非谓语动词
技法1 如何判定是非谓语动词
典例呈现
1.(2025浙江1月卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase① them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词offers,此处应用非谓语动词,动词不定式表目的,意为“供租赁”。故填 。
to rent
2.(2025全国二卷)If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt (leave) to sun for a day,well,you’re missing out on② one of life’s wonders.
后置定语
【深度分析】本句已有谓语have experienced,此处应用非谓语动词,a sheet or shirt和leave之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。
故填 。
left
技法指导
句子结构分析法
第一步 确定非谓语动词
1.简单判断:若一个句子有谓语动词,但没有连词(并列连词或从属连词)时,则所给动词用作非谓语动词。
2.分析句子结构:若判断简单句、并列句分句、复合句的主句和从句都有各自的谓语动词,那该空应填非谓语动词。
第二步 确定非谓语动词的形式
1.找逻辑主语:当非谓语动词作状语出现时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语;当非谓语动词作定语出现时,其逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词;作宾语补足语的非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是它前面的宾语。
2.分析两态关系:分析非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的语态和时态关系。
①语态:如果逻辑主语是动作的执行者,则用主动形式;如果是承受者,则用被动形式。
②时态:非谓语动词的时态包括一般式和完成式,动词不定式还有进行式,非谓语动词的时态取决于非谓语动词与谓语动词之间的时间先后关系。
[语境猜词]
①
②
vt.购买
错过
技法2 如何确定作主语和表语的非谓语动词
类别
非谓语动词作主语
典例呈现
1.(2022北京卷改编)It’s easy (explain) how we determine whether smells are dangerous or not:we learn.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,It 为形式主语,真正的主语应为动词不定式。故填 。
to explain
主语
2.(2022浙江1月卷改编) (travel) to conferences,lectures, workshops,and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as① important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,空格处应用动词-ing形式作主语,且空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填 。
3.It is no good (try) to talk me out of leaving.
【深度分析】It is no good doing sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事没有用处/好处”,其中的It用作形式主语。故填 。
Traveling
trying
技法指导
1.分析句子结构,找到句子的谓语部分,其前设空可能是缺少主语。如果是不具体的、抽象的动作一般用动词-ing形式作主语;如果是具体的动作一般用不定式作主语。
2.it充当形式主语,动词-ing形式/不定式作真正主语的句型有:
①It is/was+形容词(+for/of sb)+to do sth.
②It is no use/good doing sth.
③It takes sb some time to do sth.
④It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth.
类别
非谓语动词作表语
典例呈现
4.Scientists around the world are looking for all kinds of ways to protect and maybe even revive corals.One option is (create) more marine protected areas—essentially② national parks in the ocean.
【深度分析】此处用非谓语动词作表语,是对主语option的解释说明,用不定式或动词-ing形式均可。故填 。
技法指导
3.非谓语动词作表语,表示对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。其中不定式作表语,还可以表将来或目的。
creating/to create
[语境猜词]
①
②
被视为
adv.本质上,根本上
技法3 如何确定作宾语的非谓语动词
类别
作介词的宾语
典例呈现
1.(2025八省联考)Chinese plays an increasingly important role in
(improve) communication and cooperation① between China and the rest of the world.
【深度分析】play a role in意为“在……中发挥作用”,in为介词,后跟动词
-ing形式。故填 。
2.(2023全国乙卷)As a photographer,I have spent the last two years
(record) everything I discovered.
【深度分析】“spend time (in) doing...”为固定搭配,意为“花费时间做……”,空格处应用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填 。
improving
recording
技法指导
1.介词后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
2.带介词to的短语后接动词-ing形式作宾语。此类短语有be committed to 致力于、be/get used to 习惯于、stick to 坚持、object to/be opposed to 反对、lead to 导致、devote oneself to 献身于、be reduced to 沦落为、when it comes to 当提及、look forward to 盼望、in addition to 除了、get down to 开始做、be addicted to 对……入迷、be/get accustomed to 习惯于、adjust to/adapt oneself to 适应等。
类别
动名词作宾语
典例呈现
3.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)...visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or (walk) through a rainforest.
【深度分析】imagine sb doing sth表示“想象某人做某事”。
故填 。
walking
4.Practise (stay) highly aware of your breath,your presence, and your thoughts,and you will be completely yourself.
【深度分析】practise意为“训练”,后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
故填 。
5.“If it helps to promote local tourism,I don’t mind (be) an online celebrity,” Liu said during a previous interview.
【深度分析】mind意为“介意”,后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
故填 。
staying
being
技法指导
3.只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)
喜欢考虑不避免(enjoy、consider、escape、avoid)
不禁放弃太冒险(cannot help、give up、risk)
感激承认很值得(appreciate、admit、be worth)
介意想象莫推延(mind、imagine、delay、put off)
允许完成是期望(allow、permit、finish、look forward to)
建议继续勤操练(suggest、go on、practise)
致力原谅要坚持(be devoted to、excuse、insist on)
继续成功不错过(keep on、succeed in、miss)
类别
不定式作宾语
典例呈现
6.(2025全国一卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture,cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu.“We hope (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context,and initiate dialogues with minimalist art,conceptual art and expressionism.”
【深度分析】本句谓语为hope,hope to do sth意为“希望做某事”,
故填 。
to present
7.(2024全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level,the national parks,in particular,tend (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
【深度分析】tend to do sth意为“往往会做某事”。故填 。
8.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one,you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first,releasing② the stream and risking a spill(溢出),or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【深度分析】“whether+不定式”作动词decide的宾语。故填 。
to catch
to bite
技法指导
4.只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
三个希望两答应(hope、wish、expect、agree、promise)
两个要求莫拒绝(demand、ask、refuse)
设法学会做决定(manage、learn、decide、determine)
不要假装在选择(pretend、choose、select)
打算提出一计划(intend、offer、plan)
申请失败负担起(apply、fail、afford)
准备愿望又碰巧(prepare、desire、happen)
类别
既可接动词-ing形式作宾语,又可接不定式作宾语,但含义不同
典例呈现
9.I didn’t mean (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help (try) it.
【深度分析】mean to do sth意为“打算做某事”;can’t help doing sth意为“情不自禁做某事”。故填 。
10.I still remember (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【深度分析】remember doing sth意为“记得做过某事”。故填 。
11.These measures can’t help (lessen) the existing tension③.
【深度分析】help在此处意为“促进,促使”,后接不定式作宾语,其中不定式符号to可省略。故填 。
to eat
trying
visiting
(to) lessen
技法指导
5.既可接动词-ing形式又可接不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有:
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
n.合作
vt.释放
n.紧张
技法4 如何确定作宾语补足语的非谓语动词
类别
现在分词作宾语补足语
典例呈现
1.Researchers have found them (float) in the air,in
主动关系
tap or bottled water,and in the sea or soil.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词是have found,且无连词,用非谓语动词,又因float与宾语them在逻辑上是主谓关系,用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填 。
floating
技法指导
1.表示主动和正在进行用现在分词。常接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有hear、listen to、see、watch、notice、observe(感官动词)、get、make、have、leave(使役动词)、catch、find等。
类别
过去分词作宾语补足语
典例呈现
2.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times
(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
被动关系
【深度分析】them(gifts)与decorate之间是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 。
3.Several nations have proposed① to China that they wish to have their astronauts (send) to the Tiangong space station.
被动关系
【深度分析】their astronauts与send之间是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 。
decorated
sent
技法指导
2.表示被动和完成用过去分词。常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有feel、hear、listen to、see、watch、notice、observe(感官动词)、get、make、have、leave(使役动词)、find等。
类别
不定式作宾语补足语
典例呈现
4.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)The best xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing
them (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
【深度分析】allow...to do sth 意为“允许……做某事”;此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语,them(xiao long bao)与lift构成被动关系,故填 。
5.My wallet was seen (drop) by a girl when she passed by.
主语补足语
【深度分析】see sb do sth改为被动语态时需接带to的不定式。
故填 。
被动关系
to be lifted
to drop
技法指导
3.常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise、allow、appoint、cause、challenge、order、command、permit、encourage、expect、drive、enable、forbid、force、inspire、instruct、invite、persuade、warn等。
4.常接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有hear、see、watch、notice、observe(感官动词)、have、make(使役动词)等。但在变为被动语态时需要补上to。
类别
with复合结构中的宾语补足语
典例呈现
6.In China,it is reported that over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities have set up majors in tea science or tea culture,with over 3,000
graduates (specialize②) in tea production and art every year.
主动关系
【深度分析】此处是with复合结构,宾语graduates与动词specialize在逻辑上是主谓关系,用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填 。
specializing
7.He sat in my room for a few minutes with his eyes (fix) on the poster on the wall. 被动关系
【深度分析】fix与逻辑主语his eyes之间是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 。
fixed
技法指导
5.在with复合结构中也可以用非谓语动词作宾语补足语,常见的结构:
with+宾语+
[语境猜词]
①
②
vt.提议
vt.专门研究
技法5 如何确定作定语的非谓语动词
类别
现在分词作定语
典例呈现
1.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights① the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your (ache) legs.
主动关系
【深度分析】此处作定语,且逻辑主语legs与ache之间是主动关系,要用现在分词作定语。故填 。
aching
技法指导
1.现在分词作定语表示主动、正在进行。
2.表示被动且正在发生的动作时用being done结构。
类别
过去分词作定语
典例呈现
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighbouring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace.
【深度分析】recognize与home之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语。
故填 。
被动
关系
recognized
类别
过去分词作定语
典例呈现
3.(2023全国甲卷)Behind the simple style,however,is a serious
message (intend) for everyone.
被动关系
【深度分析】be intended for表示“专为……设计”;message与intend之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语。故填 。
intended
4.(2023全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong to royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 被动关系
【深度分析】build与system of ring roads之间是被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填 。
技法指导
3.过去分词作定语表示被动、完成。
built
类别
不定式作定语
典例呈现
5.(2025全国二卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying② me the chance (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 后置定语
【深度分析】本句已有谓语used,此处应用非谓语动词,chance to do sth 意为“做某事的机会”。故填 。
to discover
6.(2022全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xi’an,as a first step (journey) the Belt and Road route by foot.
【深度分析】step前面有序数词修饰,此处用动词不定式作后置定语。
故填 。
技法指导
4.由序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词(代词)后常用不定式作定语。
5.由the only、the next等修饰的名词(代词)后常用不定式作定语。
6.名词ability、attempt、chance、desire、eagerness、potential、way、right、time、wish、decision、opportunity等和代词something、anything、nothing等后常用不定式作定语。
7.表示被动且将要发生的动作用to be done结构。
to journey
[语境猜词]
①
②
vt.突出,强调
vt.拒绝给予
技法6 如何确定作状语的非谓语动词
类别
现在分词作状语
典例呈现 主动关系
1.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷) (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said,“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,句子主语是Edmondson,谓语动词是said,此处用非谓语动词;主语Edmondson和动词recall之间为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
Recalling
2.(2023全国乙卷) (visit) several times over the last 10 years,I was amazed by the coexistence① of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing.
【深度分析】visit与主语I之间是主动关系;根据时间状语over the last 10 years可知,用完成时态,由此推断,此处用现在分词的完成时。句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
主动关系
Having visited
技法指导
1.现在分词作状语
①句子的主语是分词动作的逻辑主语,且与该动词是主动关系。
②表示自然而然的结果用现在分词作状语。
③如果现在分词的动作明显先于谓语动词发生,则该现在分词要用having done形式。
类别
过去分词作状语
典例呈现
3. (build) on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language
被动关系
models,it engages in② human-like dialogue egged by prompting.
【深度分析】逻辑主语it与build之间是被动关系,用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
技法指导
2.过去分词作状语
句子的主语是该动词动作的逻辑主语,且与该动词是被动关系。
Built
类别
不定式作状语
典例呈现
4.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)These sepals(萼片) open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
目的状语
【深度分析】此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 。
to give
5.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility,said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed (find) the connection between the two great writers.
原因状语
【深度分析】be amazed to do sth 意为对做某事感到惊讶。此处用动词不定式作原因状语。故填 。
to find
技法指导
3.不定式作状语
①不定式可以作目的状语。
②only to do sth 是不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。
③形容词作表语时,后可接不定式作原因状语。
④在“主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do”句式中,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
[语境猜词]
①
②
n.共存
参与;从事
语法热点三 动词的词性转换
如果所给动词既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,则一般应进行词性转换。
典例呈现 后跟宾语
1.(2025全国一卷)“In a Go game,each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap① and force them to follow your ‘ (guide)’ till they lose,”explains Wang Wei,a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
【深度分析】此处作follow的宾语,用名词guidance,意为“引导”,为不可数名词。故填 。
guidance
2.(2024全国甲卷)They all agreed and vowed(承诺) to promote the idea at the
(complete) of their journey. 后跟名词
【深度分析】at the completion of...是固定搭配,表示“在……结束时”。
故填 。
后跟名词
3.(2024九省联考)He is happy with the (improve) he sees in his students’ writing and in his own writing.
【深度分析】根据空格前的冠词the可知,空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语,表示“改善”是improvement,为不可数名词。故填 。
completion
improvement
形容词修饰名词
4.(2023全国甲卷)However,Carson’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction.
【深度分析】分析句子结构可知,空格前有冠词和形容词修饰,空格处应用名词。故填 。
5.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings),those amazing constructions of delicate② dumpling wrappers,encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
与hot并列,修饰soup
【深度分析】空格处与前面的形容词hot并列,修饰后面的名词soup,应用形容词。故填 。
warning
tasty
6.With a history of more than 2,000 years,the Silk Route dates back to the Han Dynasty.Through this route,the Chinese highly (qualify) silk made its fame to the western countries.
修饰名词
【深度分析】此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词silk,highly qualified意为“高质量的”。故填 。
qualified
技巧指导
1.动词转换为名词
(1)v.+-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词,表示“状态或行为”
celebrate→celebration 庆祝
compete→competition 比赛
pollute→pollution 污染
educate→education 教育
possess→possession 拥有
(2)v.+-ment转换为名词,表示“行为或结果”
develop→development 发展
announce→announcement 宣布
argue→argument 争论;论据
encourage→encouragement 鼓励
(3)v.+-r/-er/-or转换为名词,表示“人”
perform→performer 表演者 settle→settler 移民
educate→educator 教育家 direct→director 导演
visit→visitor 访问者
(4)v.+-ure转换为名词
fail→failure 失败 mix→mixture 混合物
press→pressure 压力 depart→departure 离开
(5)后缀-th结尾的名词
grow→growth 成长 die→death 死亡
deep→depth 深度 wide→width 宽度
warm→warmth 温暖
true→truth 真相;事实
(6)后缀-ance/-ence结尾的名词
exist→existence 存在 guide→guidance 指导
(7)后缀-al结尾的名词
arrive→arrival 到达
approve→approval 赞成;批准
survive→survival 幸存;生存
2.动词转换为形容词
(1)v.+-able转换为形容词
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担得起的
(2)v.+-ed/-ing转换为形容词
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
excite→exciting 令人激动的
(3)v.+-ive转换为形容词
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
(4)v.+-ful/-less转换为形容词
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
hope→hopeless 不抱希望的
[语境猜词]
①
②
n.陷阱
adj.精致的
课堂应用
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The museum (house) an extensive collection of cultural relics, from ancient clothing to contemporary art,displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization.
2.Renowned for its Quaternary volcanic landforms,the park,which spans 2,723 square kilometers, (feature) giant compound volcanic cones, ancient eruptions and their deposits,and the splendid Tianchi Lake.
3.Over the years,the architect (help) renovate around 20 houses in Mutianyu,most of which now operate as hotels or restaurants,while doing his best to preserve the original structures as much as possible.
houses
features
has helped
4.Operating for more than six months,the system (increase) the farm’s output by 30 percent so far,producing an additional 60,000 chickens.
5.90 percent of the world’s fireworks are produced in China.The biggest importer is the US,which (import) in more than $650 million worth of fireworks in 2021.
6.This national park,which covers 4,269 km2,is home to China’s most concentrated and well-preserved tropical rainforests.A lot of wildlife that
(disappear) previously is returning to its home thanks to the park.
has increased
imported
disappeared
7.Nowadays,we are used to opening an app to skim public reviews for reference before going to a restaurant.If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale,the restaurant (guarantee) to be a good choice;but if its score is 4 or even less,it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer.
8.The earliest batch(一批生产的量) of tea is often ready to be picked before Qingming.This precious,small output of tea,widely (seek) after for its outstanding quality,is called Mingqian tea.
9.This set of stamps,designed by Xing Wenwei,fully reproduces the artistic conception of the original painting, (create) a unique visual effect.
10.Acupuncture(针灸) is an ancient Chinese medicine-based approach to
(treat) a variety of diseases by triggering specific points on the skin with needles.
is guaranteed
sought
creating
treating
Ⅱ.语篇填空
A(2025河南新乡模拟)
An international exhibition of intangible(无形的) cultural heritage ran from Friday to Sunday in December 2024 at the Beijing Exhibition Center. Jointly 1. (organize) by the Beijing International Art Fair Foundation and the China Youth Care Foundation,the event aimed
2. (provide) a platform to showcase the charm of diverse intangible cultural heritage.It 3. (draw) intangible heritage inheritors from nearly 40 countries and regions,as well as art collectors.
organized
to provide
drew
The exhibition units,4. focused on traditional cuisine and traditional skills,attracted numerous visitors,featuring over 60 traditional skills spanning cuisine,music and dance,traditional Chinese medicine culture,
5. (variety) of forms of embroidery,and Chinese martial arts,among other rich categories.
The event offered different activities,including exhibitions,cultural performances,forums,charitable auctions,and sales.These activities raised public 6. (aware) of the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,7. (drive) innovation and development within the intangible cultural heritage arts industry.
which
varieties
awareness
driving
Taking this exhibition 8. a new starting point,the Beijing International Art Fair Foundation plans to 9. (regular) host such events to awaken widespread public interest in and love for intangible cultural heritage.It is in 10. attempt to promote their integration into modern life and showcase their unique charm through cross-cultural exchanges on an international scale.
as
regularly
an
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了2024年12月在北京举办的国际非物质文化遗产展览,展示了多国非遗魅力并推动其创新发展。
1.organized 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语aimed,空格处在句中作非谓语动词,与逻辑主语the event构成被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填organized。
2.to provide 考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth为固定短语,表示“旨在做某事”,所以空格处应用动词不定式形式。故填to provide。
3.drew 考查动词的时态。根据上文可知,活动发生在过去,应用一般过去时,空格处应用过去式。故填drew。
4.which 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词The exhibition units,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。
5.varieties 考查固定短语。varieties of为固定短语,表示“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
6.awareness 考查词性转换。空格处作宾语,表示“认识”,应用名词。故填awareness。
7.driving 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语raised,空格处在句中作非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语These activities构成主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填driving。
8.as 考查介词。take sth as为固定短语,表示“把……作为”。故填as。
9.regularly 考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词host,应用副词,作状语。故填regularly。
10.an 考查冠词。短语in an attempt to do sth意为“试图做某事”。故填an。
B(2025湖南常德一模)
Maybe you have never heard of such a kind of food.Called “the world’s hardest dish”—11. (literal)—a traditional stir-fry featuring stones as its key ingredient has aroused cooking 12. (curious) on Chinese social media.
Customers are supposed to suck(吮吸) on the small rocks to enjoy the rich and spicy flavor of the dish,13. originated in China’s eastern Hebei Province.They are instructed to suck off the flavors,then spit out the rocks—hence the dish’s name suodiu,meaning “suck and throw away”.
literally
curiosity
which
Videos of Internet users 14. (sample) suodiu have sprung up all over Chinese social media platforms over 15. past week. The videos also show 16. street vendors(小贩) cook up the unusual dish:vendors pour chili oil onto boiling hot pebbles(鹅卵石) on a grill, shake garlic sauce all over them,then stir-fry everything 17. a mix of garlic pieces and diced peppers.Then customers 18. (serve) the flavored stones in palm-sized boxes,each of which costs about 16 yuan ($2.30).
sampling
the
how
with
are served
Suodiu is believed to date back hundreds of years and was passed down for 19. (generation) by boatmen through their oral history.Back in the old days,boatmen could become trapped in the middle of a river and run out of food while delivering goods.20. (find) happiness in the bitterness,they would find stones to cook with other seasonings to make a dish.
generations
To find
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国湖北省的一道传统菜肴——铁板烧石头。
11.literally 考查词性转换。根据句意可知,空格处为插入语,对空前的called “the world’s hardest dish”进行强调,应用副词,故填literally。
12.curiosity 考查词性转换。空格前是动词,所以空格处应填名词作宾语,故填curiosity。
13.which 考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词dish,指物,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
14.sampling 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处作非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语internet users是主动关系,应用现在分词作后置定语,故填sampling。
15.the 考查冠词。此处是固定搭配,over the past week意为“在过去的一周里”,故填the。
16.how 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是宾语从句,由从句中的谓语动词cook可知,从句缺方式状语,表示“如何烹饪”,故填how。
17.with 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表示“用大蒜片和辣椒丁翻炒”,故填with。
18.are served 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空格处作谓语动词,与主语customers是被动关系,顾客是被提供石头,且陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时。因此,空格处应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语是复数,be动词用are,故填are served。
19.generations 考查名词复数。根据句意可知,提示词generation是可数名词,空格处应用可数名词复数表泛指,故填generations。
20.To find 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处作非谓语动词,应用动词不定式,表目的;句首单词首字母大写,故填To find。(共46张PPT)
第2讲 提示词为名词、代词、数词和形容词
技法1 如何确定名词的词性转换
技法2 如何确定代词的词性转换
目 录 索 引
技法3 如何确定数词的词性转换
技法4 如何确定形容词和副词的词性转换
技法1 如何确定名词的词性转换
类别
名词变形容词
典例呈现 修饰名词placement
1.(2025全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the (strategy) placement① of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures,digitally generated② pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【深度分析】此处修饰名词placement,需用形容词作定语。
故填 。
strategic(al)
2.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied③ to create this protective (function) structure that is also beautiful.
修饰名词structure
【深度分析】此处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语。
故填 。
3.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017,right before the arrival of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English. 并列表语
【深度分析】此处与comfortable并列作表语,应用形容词。
故填 。
functional
confident
技法指导
1.提示词为名词,如果作表语或作定语修饰后面的名词或前面有表示比较级和最高级的more/most或less/least,则考查名词变形容词。一般在名词词尾加后缀-able、-al、-ful、-en、-y、-less、-ly、-ous等构成形容词,如terrible、functional、useful、wooden、healthy、careless、monthly、dangerous等。
类别
名词复数
典例呈现 修饰可数名词复数
4.(2025浙江1月卷)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer
(time),clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.
【深度分析】time表示“次数”时是可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词复数。
故填 。
5.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)These plants included modern Western (favourite) such as rosemary,lavender and fennel.
【深度分析】included后接名词作宾语,favourite是可数名词,意为“特别喜爱的东西”,再根据空格后的“such as rosemary,lavender and fennel”可知,应用复数形式。故填 。
times
favourites
6.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Although they could never have met,there are common
(theme) in their works,said Paul Edmondson.
由are判断应用复数
【解析】本句是there be句型,根据谓语动词are可知,本句主语用名词的复数形式。故填 。
技法指导
2.被数词或these、those、several、many、all、both、various、countless、a number of 等词修饰时,名词用复数形式。
3.被one of修饰时,名词用复数形式。
4.若谓语动词是复数形式,作主语的名词用复数形式。
themes
类别
名词所有格
典例呈现 作定语修饰lives
7.(2025浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for (people) lives today,and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
【深度分析】提示词修饰名词lives,需用名词所有格,作定语。
故填 。
技法指导
5.提示词与后面的名词为所属关系,用名词所有格。
people’s
[语境猜词]
①
②
③
n.代替
vt.产生,创造
vt.应用
技法2 如何确定代词的词性转换
类别
人称代词
典例呈现
1.She did not hesitate for long:although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while①,she knew that this was a present which was bound to②
please (he).
及物动词,后跟宾语
【深度分析】及物动词please后缺少宾语,应用宾格。故填 。
him
技法指导
1.提示词为代词,当句子缺少主语时,应用人称代词主格(I、we、you、he、she、it、they)。
2.提示词为代词,当句子缺少宾语或表语时,应用人称代词宾格(me、us、you、him、her、it、them)。
类别
物主代词
典例呈现
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)The best xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of
(they) contents.
修饰名词contents
【深度分析】此处用作定语,修饰名词contents,用形容词性物主代词。
故填 。
their
3.(2022全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony,opening (it) first exhibition:The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
修饰名词exhibition
【深度分析】此处用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填 。
技法指导
3.提示词为代词,当句子缺少定语时,应用形容词性物主代词(my、our、your、his、her、its、their)。
4.提示词为代词,当句子缺少主语、表语或宾语,且表示拥有者时,应用名词性物主代词(mine、ours、yours、his、hers、its、theirs)。
its
类别
反身代词
典例呈现
4.(2025全国二卷)But it’s amazing how you can adapt and learn in a new environment.Over time,I’ve found (I) feeling extremely at home here. 指代主语I
【深度分析】本空指代主语I,表示“我自己”,应用反身代词。
故填 。
技法指导
5.提示词为代词,当该词作宾语或表语,且和主语是同一人时,应用反身代词(myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves、himself、herself、itself、themselves)。
myself
[语境猜词]
①
②
偶尔
注定会做某事;必然会做某事
技法3 如何确定数词的词性转换
典例呈现
1.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the (six) century B.C.
【深度分析】此处修饰名词century,意为“公元前六世纪”,因此用序数词。
故填 。
2.(2021新高考Ⅱ卷)I’ve always loved the ocean.In the (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
【深度分析】此处修饰名词grade,意为“七年级”,因此用序数词。
故填 。
sixth
seventh
技巧指导
第一步 先判断数词的形式
分析句子确定所填数词的形式:序数词还是数词复数。
第二步 再确定数词的具体变化
根据数词变化规律确定数词的形式。
技法4 如何确定形容词和副词的词性转换
类别
形容词变副词
典例呈现
1.(2025全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,sculptures,
(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 修饰形容词generated
【深度分析】此处修饰形容词generated,需用副词作状语。
故填 。
digitally
2.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is (rare) enough,yet two seems greedy①,so I am always left wanting more next time.
修饰形容词enough
【深度分析】此处用副词修饰形容词enough,作状语。故填 。
3.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)So,what are they learning (basic),how to describe a panda’s life. 修饰整个句子
【深度分析】此处用副词作状语,修饰后面整个句子,且句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
rarely
Basically
技法指导
1.若提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,应用副词。
口诀助记 例词
以e 结尾 “真的”和“全部”去e再加-ly true→truly真正地
whole→wholly 完全地
le结尾去e把-y加 possible→possibly 可能地
gentle→gently 温柔地
terrible→terribly 非常,极度
simple→simply 仅仅,只
其余e结尾直接加-ly extreme→extremely 极其
huge→hugely 大大地,非常
口诀助记 例词
辅音之后y变i,然后再加-ly steady→steadily 稳定地
ready→readily 乐意地
necessary→necessarily 必要地[shy是例外,直接加上-ly]
若以ic结尾,记得先加al,然后再加-ly scientific→scientifically 科学地,关于科学
basic→basically 基本上,从根本上说
[public是例外,直接加上-ly]
其余直接加-ly official→officially 正式地
serious→seriously 严肃地,认真地
类别
形容词变名词
典例呈现
4.(2025全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 后跟名词
【深度分析】本空作thanks to的宾语,应用名词。故填 。
absence
技法指导
2.若提示词在动词前作主语或在介词、动词后作宾语,应用名词。
形容词和名词的相互转换
词缀 例词
-ant -ance distant distance 距离
important importance重要
significant significance意义
tolerant tolerance忍耐
-ent -ence absent absence缺席,不在
competent competence能力
dependent dependence 依靠
different difference 不同
innocent innocence 无辜
intelligent intelligence智力
patient patience 忍耐力
present presence出席
类别
形容词、副词的反义词
典例呈现
5.Over the past decades,the country has lost more than 30% of its forest cover due to (legal) logging.
【深度分析】根据句意和前后逻辑关系,此处应用否定含义。
故填 。
技法指导
3.根据句意和前后逻辑关系,确定表否定时,可以添加否定前缀(il-、un-、im-、dis-等)或否定后缀(-less等)变为反义词。
illegal
类别
形容词、副词的比较级
典例呈现
6.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,the (hot) the spring!
【深度分析】此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……,就越……”。故填 。
7.(2021全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive② equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what
(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
【深度分析】根据标志词than可知,要用比较级。故填 。
hotter
better
技法指导
4.空格前有much、far、still、even、rather、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal或空格后有than 等标志词时应考虑用比较级。
5.句型“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
6.句型“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
7.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义。
8.句中没有标志词,但暗含比较级的意义,也需要用比较级。
类别
形容词、副词的最高级
典例呈现
8.(2024全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the (large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska,which became a national monument in 1978,took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【深度分析】根据句意和空格前的定冠词the可知,用形容词最高级。
故填 。
9.(2022全国甲卷)In 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa’s
(high) mountain.
【深度分析】此处表示“乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山”,应用形容词的最高级。故填 。
largest
highest
技法指导
9.空格后有表示范围的标志词in、of、among等时,用最高级。
10.空格前有one of the、the+序数词等修饰词时,用最高级。
11.句中没有标志词,但暗含最高级的意义,也需要用最高级。
[语境猜词]
①
②
adj.贪婪的
adj.防御的
课堂应用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.She made many creative and bold (adaptation) to the traditional figurines,like using machines to paint the clothes.
2.“A figurine could cost (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques,” Tang said.
3.Nie has taken it a step further as he tries to make the repaired items look even (good).
adaptations
basically
better
4.While the kind of ancient animal was first identified in 2003,the latest discovery is much (complete) and allows the researchers to study the strange,prehistoric creature in full for the first time.
5.Through the initiative,China is working hard to create a more prosperous(繁荣的) and (harmony) countryside,providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
6. (effect) community-driven conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further ecological loss.
7.Later,he also produced teaching videos,published books,and released albums, significantly boosting the instrument’s .
more complete
harmonious
Effective
popularity
8.The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo,once struggling to sustain its
(survive),has undergone a remarkable turnaround.
9.The awards not only attract public attention but also give scientific research more (expose).
10.Lying to the west and north of the plain area,the mountain area has an area of 4,435,000 square meters,accounting for four- (five) of the total area of the resort.
survival
exposure
fifths
Ⅱ.语篇填空
A(2025广东湛江二十一中模拟)
The Guangdong Lion Dance,a national tradition popular in Foshan and Guangzhou,is a typical Southern Lion Dance.
Lion Dance 1. (date) back thousands of years to the Tang Dynasty,with a legend about an emperor having a dream 2. a lion saved his life.And later it 3. (introduce) to the south by migrants from the north.The Guangdong Lion Dance developed into
4. (it) modern form during the Ming Dynasty.In Chinese tradition, people regard the lion as 5. symbol of bravery and strength, which can drive away evil and protect humans and livestock.Lion Dance
6. (main) focuses on performance,attaching much attention
7. movements like scratching an itch(抓痒),shaking the mane(鬃毛), and licking(舔) the fur.
dates
where
was introduced
its
a
mainly
to
The Guangdong Lion Dance,a 8. (combine) of martial arts, dance,and music,is popular not only in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces,but also among overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian countries,9. (make) it a cultural bridge for overseas Chinese to keep in touch with their national roots.It is considered to be a tradition with far-reaching cultural value.Lunar New Year is the perfect time 10. (share) and celebrate that culture and heritage.
combination
making
to share
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广东醒狮这一国家级传统民俗,包括其历史起源、文化寓意、表演特点及其文化价值和传播范围。
1.dates 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语Lion dancing是第三人称单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填dates。
2.where 考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的定语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,先行词a dream为抽象地点名词,所以此处使用关系副词where,作状语。故填where。
3.was introduced 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境以及时间状语later可知,动作发生在过去,且主语it(指代舞狮)与introduce之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词为was introduced。故填was introduced。
4.its 考查代词。此处修饰名词form,应用形容词性物主代词its,意为“它的”。故填its。
5.a 考查冠词。symbol为可数名词单数,空格前无限定词,结合句意可知,此处表示“一种象征”,为泛指,且symbol是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
6.mainly 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词focuses,应用副词,作状语。故填mainly。
7.to 考查介词。短语attach attention to意为“注重”。故填to。
8.combination 考查词性转换。空格前有不定冠词a,此处应用名词。故填combination。
9.making 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作状语,make与逻辑主语The Guangdong Lion Dance之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填making。
10.to share 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词time,构成the perfect time to do sth结构,意为“做某事的最佳时机”,所以此处用不定式。故填to share。
B(2025福建泉州四校模拟)
Many people may throw away the pits(核) or nuts after eating fruit,but nut carving inheritors will collect and turn them into artworks.
“One nut,11. (range) from 0.8 to 6 centimeters,can be made into delicate fan pendants,earrings,buttons,seals,etc.,” said Tan Wanhai,an inheritor of Weifang nut carving.
Weifang nut carving 12. (date) back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time,retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people.Craftsmen back then often used peach pits 13. (show) off their artistic skills.Due to the rigorous(缜密的) carving skills 14.
its rich artistic content,Weifang nut carving 15. (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
ranging
dates
to show
and
was listed
Tan couldn’t forget 16. impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving.Yet,the 48-year-old craftsman admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing.“17.
some pits with a flat surface,each peach pit has its own unique texture(质地),” Tan said,adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork.
Now,18. number of inheritors following the tradition is about 1,000.But Tan believes it could be 19. (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the 20. (occupy) to anyone who is interested.
how
Unlike
the
higher
occupation
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了潍坊核雕的历史渊源、艺术特点、制作挑战及传承现状,展现了这一国家级非物质文化遗产的独特魅力与发展前景。
11.ranging 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语,nut与range为主动关系,用现在分词。故填ranging。
12.dates 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语Weifang nut carving为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
13.to show 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,表示“用桃核的目的是展示技艺”。故填to show。
14.and 考查连词。前后短语“rigorous carving skills”与“rich artistic content”为并列关系,用连词and连接。故填and。
15.was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语in 2008可知,用一般过去时;Weifang nut carving与list为被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数。故填was listed。
16.how 考查宾语从句。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作宾语,修饰空后形容词impressed用how。故填how。
17.Unlike 考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示“不同于……”,用介词unlike,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Unlike。
18.the 考查冠词。此处为固定搭配,the number of意为“……的数量”。故填the。
19.higher 考查形容词比较级。根据语境以及下文的“as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family”可知,此处隐含与当前人数的对比,应用比较级。故填higher。
20.occupation 考查词性转换。定冠词the后接名词。故填occupation。(共46张PPT)
第3讲 无提示词之代词、冠词和介词
技法1 如何确定是否填代词
技法2 如何确定是否填冠词
目 录 索 引
技法3 如何确定填不定冠词还是定冠词
技法4 如何确定是否填介词
技法5 如何确定填什么介词
命题揭秘
板块二 无提示词类
技法1 如何确定是否填代词
类别
it的用法
典例呈现
1.If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.
【深度分析】空格处需要一个代词指代上文的 “run”。故填 。
2.However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using every day.
【深度分析】“using” 后需要一个宾语,指代上文提到的 “the railway”。
故填 。
it
it
3.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.
真正的主语
【深度分析】“to eat out”是真正的主语,而英语中为了避免句子头重脚轻(即主语过长导致结构不平衡),常用形式主语。故填 。
it
技法指导
1.it用于指代天气、时间、距离等。
2.it用作形式主语或形式宾语。
3.it用在一些固定句型和固定用法中。
①It is+adj.+of/for sb to do sth.
②It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
③It is a pity/no wonder/adj.that...
④It seems/appears/turns out/occurs to sb+that...
⑤It is said/reported/believed...that...
⑥It takes sb some time/money to do sth.
⑦主语+like/hate/love/appreciate it that...
⑧It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分
⑨When it comes to...当谈到……
类别
代词的指代用法
典例呈现
4.(2024天津卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation,
especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture.
【深度分析】此处指代上文提到的同一类事物,表示“一个……地方”。
故填 。注意:one指“同名异物”,it指“同名同物”。
one
技法指导
4.如果前面出现了单数名词或不可数名词,后面再次提到而且是特指,用that。
5.如果前面出现了复数名词,后面再次提到而且是特指,用those。
6.如果前面出现了单数名词,后面再次提到而且是泛指同名不同物的东西,用one。
技法2 如何确定是否填冠词
典例呈现
(2025浙江1月卷)The price of fashion—economically① and environmentally②—has led to the rise of new way of dressing,and it’s beginning to take off in Australia,too.
【深度分析】可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”,表泛指,且new发音以辅音音素开头。故填 。
a
技法指导
[语境猜词]
①
②
adv.经济地;节约地
adv.环境地
技法3 如何确定填不定冠词还是定冠词
类别
不定冠词a/an
典例呈现
1.(2022全国甲卷) friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion① during the trip.
【深度分析】此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,用不定冠词,且friend的发音以辅音音素开头,句首单词首字母应大写。故填 。
2.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)While you’re in China,Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
【深度分析】must作名词时,意为“必须做的事”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,用不定冠词。故填 。
A
a
技法指导
1.在文中第一次提到可数名词单数时,一般为泛指,用不定冠词。
2.在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”时,用不定冠词。
3.使抽象名词具体化:pleasure、surprise、comfort、help、danger、success、failure。如The little girl is a help to her mother.
4.辨析a与an:a一般用于发音以辅音音素开头的词前,an一般用于发音以元音音素开头的词前。
类别
定冠词the
典例呈现
3.(2025全国一卷)Go is one of earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games. 最高级
【深度分析】形容词最高级前用定冠词。故填 。
4.(2023新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas,even though language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 后置定语
【深度分析】此处特指“用于医学训练的语言”,用定冠词。
故填 。
the
the
5.(2022新课标Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 倍数表达法
【深度分析】倍数表达:倍数+the size/length...of...。故填 。
6.(2022新课标Ⅱ卷) Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.On the day of the accident,Mrs Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.
【深度分析】此处特指布朗一家人,且句首单词首字母应大写。
故填 。
the
The
技法指导
5.特指上文提到过的人或事物,用定冠词the。
6.当名词后有定语修饰时,多数情况下用定冠词the。
7.用在序数词或形容词最高级前或被only、very、same等词修饰的名词前。如“The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.”。
8.用在朝代或“逢十”的年代前,如in the 1970s。
9.用于表示姓氏的复数名词前,表示“一家人”,如the Smiths、the Jordans等。
10.用于世界上独一无二的事物前,如the sun、the moon、the world等。
11.用于西洋乐器前,如play the piano、play the violin等。
12.用在专有名词前,如the United Nations等。
13.用在形容词前,表示一类人,如the sick、the wounded等。
14.用于表示江河湖海、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词前,如the East Lake等。
类别
固定搭配
典例呈现
7.(2024浙江卷1月)Then,when you use one section, other stays fresh.
【深度分析】the other意为“两者中的另一个”,为固定搭配。
故填 。
8.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for first time.
【深度分析】for the first time 是固定搭配,意为“第一次”。
故填 。
the
the
9.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness and the soup hot,clear and delicious.
【深度分析】a touch of 是固定搭配,意为“少许”。故填 。
a
技法指导
15.与不定冠词a/an 连用的常见短语:
①a variety of
②a waste of...
③as a matter of fact
④have a cold/fever/try/talk/rest/break
⑤have a good time
⑥in a hurry
⑦in a word
[语境猜词]
①
⑧keep an eye on...
⑨make a difference
⑩once in a while
once upon a time
take an interest in...
all of a sudden
as a result
n.同伴
技法4 如何确定是否填介词
典例呈现
(2025全国一卷)A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent
no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side.
【深度分析】“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”。故填 。
技巧指导
by
技法5 如何确定填什么介词
类别
时间名词前的介词
典例呈现
1.The Chinese Qingming Festival,also known as Tomb Sweeping Day,falls
the 15th after the Spring Equinox(春分),April 4th or 5th.
【深度解析】在具体的日期前用介词 。
2.Sitting in Quanzhou City,where the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, Dehua is famous for its porcelain.Dehua porcelain has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad the Song Dynasty.
【深度解析】根据has sold所用时态可知,空格处应用介词 ,表示“自从……以来,自从……之后”。
on
since
技法指导
1.时间介词
①at、in、on:at 常表示在某一时刻;in用于表示在非特指意义的上午、下午或晚上,还可用于表示在某一较长的时间段内,比如某一周、某一月、某一年;on用于表示在具体的某一天或某一特定的上午、下午或晚上。
②for、since、over:for后接表示时间段的词/短语,表示持续时间; since(从……以来)后接时间点;over(在……期间)后常接时间段。
如:for 20 years、since 1997、over the last decade等。
③by、before、after、until/till、during、within、through:by 表示“在(某时)前,不迟于”;before 表示“在……之前”;after 表示“在……之后”;until/till 表示“直到……为止”;during表示“在……期间”;within 表示“在……之内”; through 表示“自始至终”。
类别
其他常考介词
典例呈现
3.(2024全国甲卷)This area,with its unique and breathtaking① natural beauty, must be well preserved all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park.
【深度分析】根据句意可知,此处指“为了全国人民都能享受”。空格处应用介词 ,表示“为了”。
4.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappers are pressed hand rather than rolled.
【深度分析】短语by hand 意为“手工”。故填 。
for
by
技法指导
2.(1)表地点、方位:①in表在某范围内;to表在某范围之外;on表与某地相邻或接壤;off表“离、距”。②on/over/above表“在……上”。③across从表面横过;through从内部穿过;over从上面越过。
(2)表方式:in+表示“方式/语言/材料”的名词;by+交通工具/通信工具;with+具体工具,with还表“具有;和……在一起;因为,由于;随着(with复合结构)”。
(3)表计量的介词:at表“以……速度/价格等”;by表“以……计;(增加/减少/相差等)到多少程度”。
(4)其他介词:for为了(表目的或功能);给,对(表对象或用图);由于(表原因);赞成(反against);往,向(表去向)。as作为;像,如同。beyond超出;非……所能及。
类别
“介词+名词”或“介词+名词+介词”搭配
典例呈现
5.(2023全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong
royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout,with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads.
【深度分析】根据上文的From Buddhist temples to museums可知,此处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用from...to...。故填 。
to
技法指导
3.(1)from...to...从……到……;
between...and...在……和……之间
(2)by accident;in trouble;
on board;for free;
in vain;in turn;
in return;at risk;
on average;in spite of;
in honour of;in search of。
类别
“动词+介词”搭配
典例呈现
6.(2025全国二卷)Nothing in my life before prepared me this one—and to be sure②,the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.
【深度分析】prepare sb for...意为“使某人为……做好准备”,为固定搭配。故填 。
技法指导
4.“动词+介词”:
remind sb of sth;rob sb of sth;date from;account for;agree with;serve as;focus on;turn...into;exchange...for;prepare sb for...。
for
类别
“形容词+介词”搭配
典例呈现
7.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways Romeo and Juliet.
【深度分析】固定短语be similar to意为“和……相似”。
故填 。
技法指导
5.“形容词+介词”:
be famous for/as;be curious about;be proud of;be rich in;be similar to;be devoted to;be fond of。
to
[语境猜词]
①
②
adj.令人惊叹的
诚然
课堂应用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.
2.The headmaster made clear that she’ll make efforts to prevent school violence from happening again.
3.Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is known for his paintings using oils and also for using the more traditional Chinese method of ink.
4.Previous this,scientific experiments did not show a definite link between mobile phone use and cancer.
that
it
those
to
5.Traveling Amazon Rainforest is such unusual experience that the following trips to other places in Peru are desirable.
6.In 1950s,heart attacks were an epidemic in the USA,but doctors found there was hardly a Rosetan below 65 who had experienced one.
7.McGregor must stay in bed for a month on basis of the medical reports his doctor has received.
8.Mary is studying food science at college and hopes to open up
European meat processing factory of her own one day.
9.The bridges are certainly essential for the local people living in these remote areas,for they allow them to travel to different areas; the bridges, access to essential services,medical treatment,and school education would be extremely difficult.
an
the
the
a
without
Ⅱ.语篇填空
A(2025河北衡水中学模拟)
The French National Olympic and Sports Committee received four pieces of Chinese blue and white porcelain(青花瓷) made by a Chinese artist, showing the cultural exchange and 1. (appreciate) between France and China.These artifacts with Olympic elements(元素),not only show China’s rich cultural heritage,2. stand for the common values of the Olympic spirit.Besides,the Chinese athletes arrived in Paris 3. (carry) some unique cultural symbols,such as the medal ceremony uniform
4. the Chinese dragon element was included.
appreciation
but
carrying
where
Fan Yifeng,5. professor of Dalian Minzu University,said that integrating(融合) Chinese cultural symbols with sports is a great way to promote the Chinese culture at international sports events.“What impressed me most is the medal ceremony uniform,as the Chinese dragon element
6. (use) for years in its design.”
“To inspire the 7. (athlete) spirit,it’s important to combine the Chinese culture with key sport-related words such as passion and spirit,” Fan said.A Chinese sports culture exhibition on “Strength and Sportsmanship” opened in Paris.With 139 collections,the exhibition was designed
8. (show) the culture and spirit of Chinese sports,and introduce visitors 9. the sports in ancient China.
a
has been used
athletic
to show
to
The exhibition is one of the events 10. (plan) to celebrate the 60 years of friendly relations between China and France,showing the history of exchanges and influence between the two countries in sports.
planned
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了法国国家奥林匹克和体育委员会收到中国艺术家制作的四件中国青花瓷,展示了中法两国文化的交流和欣赏。这些具有奥林匹克元素的文物,不仅展示了中国丰富的文化遗产,也代表了奥林匹克精神的共同价值观。
1.appreciation 考查词性转换。作动词的宾语,应用名词。故填appreciation。
2.but 考查固定句型。句型not only...but(also)...表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
3.carrying 考查非谓语动词。此处carry与athletes构成主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填carrying。
4.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处为关系副词,引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词uniform,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
5.a 考查冠词。此处professor为泛指,应用不定冠词,且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
6.has been used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the Chinese dragon element与谓语构成被动关系,根据下文for years可知,为现在完成时的被动语态,主谓一致,助动词用has。故填has been used。
7.athletic 考查形容词。修饰名词spirit应用形容词。故填athletic。
8.to show 考查非谓语动词。短语be designed to do sth表示“旨在做某事”。故填to show。
9.to 考查介词。短语introduce sb to sth意为“向某人介绍……”。故填to。
10.planned 考查非谓语动词。此处plan与events构成被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填planned。
B(2025湖北黄石二中模拟)
On March 30,a “Tai Chi for All” event was held in Brussels,
11. five Belgian Tai Chi associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Tai Chi.After that,the movie Tai Chi Master, 12. (star) Jet Li,Michelle Yeoh,and other stars,was shown on the spot.
Tai Chi,thought of 13. a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys a worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like 14.
(harmonious) between man and nature and the co-existence of all things.In 2020,Taijiquan,based on Tai Chi philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health-keeping and combat wisdom,15. (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
where
starring
as
harmony
was listed
Yu Jiajian,president of the European Tai Chi Culture Center,performed Yang-style Tai Chi Saber(刀) on-site.He explained that this set of saber techniques 16. (be) gentle within toughness.Though the movement speed was soft and stable,the movement strength was full of inner power.Fei Shengchao,the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium,who attended
17. event,said that Tai Chi integrates knowledge and
18. (practice) from multiple fields.Its core ideas have contributed Eastern wisdom to 19. (globe) ecological civilization construction.He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Tai Chi enthusiasts 20. (display) and communicate,enhancing local people’s understanding of Tai Chi culture.
was
the
practices
global
to display
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了比利时布鲁塞尔举办的“全民太极”活动,该活动展示了太极表演和电影,并通过中国大使的解读,凸显了太极文化的内涵与国际影响力。
11.where 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词event作补充说明,在从句中表示行为发生的地点,作地点状语。故填where。
12.starring 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语,空处是非谓语,作the movie Tai Chi Master的后置定语,star意为“由……主演”,和其逻辑主语是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式。故填starring。
13.as 考查介词。结合“a treasure of traditional Chinese culture”可知,动词短语think of...as...的被动式为be thought of as,意为“被视作”。故填as。
14.harmony 考查词性转换。空处作like的宾语,应用名词。故填harmony。
15.was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作句子的谓语,根据“In 2020”可知,此处在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,list“列入”和主语Taijiquan之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语是单数。故填was listed。
16.was 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处作宾语从句的系动词,主句时态为一般过去时,从句时态也用一般过去时,表示过去发生的情况,主语中心词this set是单数,be动词应用was。故填was。
17.the 考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“Tai Chi for All” event。故填the。
18.practices 考查名词复数。空处与knowledge并列,表示“多领域的知识和实践”,需用复数形式。故填practices。
19.global 考查词性转换。空处作定语,修饰construction,应用形容词。故填global。
20.to display 考查非谓语动词。结合“provide a platform for Belgian Tai Chi enthusiasts”可知,此处应用不定式复合结构“for+逻辑主语+to do”,表示“为比利时太极爱好者提供展示交流的平台”。故填to display。
