【培优方案】UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）英语（人教）必修第三册

课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。元宵节是中国的重要传统节日之一，已构成春节习俗的重要内容。关于元宵节的来历，它背后有一个精彩的故事。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这名宫女是因为长期无法见到父母而想跳井自杀，即她非常思念和爱她的父母。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，东方朔是通过传播一个谣言来实施他的计划的。他原本的目的是让那名宫女和她的父母见面，最后意想不到的结果是元宵节的形成。
3.D　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，东方朔所做的一切都是为了帮助那名宫女实现她见到父母的心愿，这体现了他的爱心和乐于助人；另外，他能够想出绝妙的点子并去贯彻执行，体现了他的聪明智慧。
4.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，按照东方朔的说法，人们本来在准备迎接一场灾难性的大火，最终迎来的却是一次大型的庆祝和狂欢节。因此D项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我国著名神话故事——嫦娥奔月，并以此说明中秋节的来历。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，从宋朝开始，中秋节成为一个固定的节日。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，嫦娥的丈夫后羿是一名勇敢的射手，由于他击落九个太阳并拯救了地球，他得到了长生不老药。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知，蓬蒙是一个自私的人，他拜后羿为师的主要目的是得到长生不老药，后来他偷药被嫦娥发现。
8.C　推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文讲述嫦娥奔月的故事主要是为了说明中秋节的来历。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。黑色星期五在美国非常流行，可是在同一天，西方人还庆祝另一个与其完全相反的节日——Buy Nothing Day。
9.G　上句介绍了黑色星期五，主要提及时间，下文应该对其进一步介绍，故G项符合语境。
10.D　下文举例说明黑色星期五在英国、德国及法国的流行，这正好与D项中的spread around the world相呼应，故D项符合语境。
11.E　上文指出人们喜欢特价商品，下文提及人们对特价商品的争抢，故E项承上启下，符合语境。
12.F　下文开始介绍Buy Nothing Day，这是与Black Friday完全相反的节日，故F项承上启下，符合语境。
13.C　上文介绍了庆祝Buy Nothing Day的方式就是在当天24小时内不购买任何东西，这对很多人来说自然是很难的。故C项符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.harvest　2.occasions　3.joy　4.gathered　5.agriculture
6.medium　7.grateful　8.typical
维度二
1.ranging　2.faithful　3.in　4.reflected　5.original
6.drawing　7.charming　8.belief　9.significance　10.figures
维度三
1.In spite of/Despite different characters； have a lot in common
2.think it significant/of great significance to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
3.With her eyes closed　4.It is typical of him to help us
5.However/No matter how busy we are， we admire the full moon
维度四
1.origins　2.how　3.is celebrated　4.for　5.to admire
6.significant　7.an　8.are becoming　9.taking　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，Stallone过着非常艰难的生活。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的After being refused on the idea ...offered $250，000 for the screenplay.可知，工作室一开始拒绝让Stallone出演这个角色是因为他们认为他不是合适的人选。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Stallone是一个非常有决心、意志坚定的人。
4.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。因此C项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Fan Fair这一节日的诞生及其发展。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的a country music DJ convention、 Fans would go to Nashville和Fan Fair was born可知， Fan Fair是乡村音乐爱好者们聚在一起庆祝的一个节日。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The first Fan Fair was held in April 1972 ...There were about fifty thousand fans.和Over one hundred thousand fans attended the second Fan Fair.可知， 第二届Fan Fair比第一届更受粉丝们的欢迎。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的more than six hundred reporters和In 1996， Garth Brooks， who made a surprise appearance， signed autographs（签名） for 23 hours.可知， 作者通过讲述三位音乐界的名人参加Fan Fair这一活动说明了其受欢迎的程度。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As you can imagine， those who want to attend Fan Fair must plan ahead.和Of course， there’s much more to prepare.可知，作者接下来可能会为想参加Fan Fair的粉丝们提供一些建议。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。清明节是我国的四大传统节日之一，文章简要介绍了它的起源、意义及庆祝方式。
9.A　本空后的a time when the spring is in full bloom出现了时间，故A项符合语境。这里的a time指代5 April。
10.F　下句指出：直到与寒食节结合，清明节才成为著名的节日。也就是说，清明一开始只是二十四节气中的一个，不是节日。故F项符合语境。
11.D　根据上下文可知，本段主要介绍了寒食节，故D项符合语境。
12.E　根据空后的a way of paying tribute to the dead relatives可知，设空处提到了一种悼念去世的家人的方式，故E项符合语境。
13.C　下句指出：清明节这一天既可以在悲伤中度过，也可以在欢乐中度过，因为踏青是清明节的另一个传统。也就是说，哀悼死者不是清明节唯一的主题，故C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“那达慕”大会是蒙古族传统节日，也是蒙古族人民喜爱的一种传统体育活动形式，是草原上一年一度的传统盛会。
14.B　根据下文to participate in sports competitions可知，这里表示男女老少聚到一起，参加比赛。
15.A　本句主语为the Naadam Festival，这里表示“那达慕”大会一般在七月和八月进行。
16.B　根据下文set by the founder of the Mongol Empire Genghis Khan可知，这里表示大约800年前，蒙古帝国的创始人成吉思汗正式设立了“那达慕”大会。
17.D　根据本空后的harvest一词可知，成吉思汗最初设立“那达慕”大会的目的是庆祝丰收和展示运动技能。
18.C　根据上文Naadam means entertainment and games可知，这里是在解释“那达慕”一词在蒙古语中的含义。
19.A　根据上文various sports games可知，在“那达慕”大会上各种各样的体育比赛是最令人兴奋的活动。
20.B　上文提到的horse racing， archery and wrestling是三种技能。
21.A　根据上文Over hundreds of years of可知，这里表示经过数百年的发展，这三种运动如今已经成为“三大男子项目”。
22.C　根据语境可知，这里表示在“那达慕”大会上摔跤这项运动只允许男性参加。
23.C　上句指出摔跤只允许男性参加，这里接着说明其他两项运动则没有年龄和性别的限制。
24.B　上文介绍了“三大男子项目”，这里接着告诉我们，为了丰富这一盛会，田径、拔河、球类、马球、蒙古象棋等项目也逐渐被增加进来。
25.D　根据下文bonfire parties begin可知，这里在讲当夜幕降临后发生的事。
26.D　根据上文bonfire parties begin with people sitting in a circle可知，篝火晚会开始后，人们围坐成一圈，自然是享受美味的肉和奶茶。
27.A　根据上文horse-head string instruments可知，马头弦乐器是蒙古文化的重要标志。
28.C　根据下文in the national intangible heritage list in 2006可知，“那达慕”大会于2006年被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。include表示“包括；成为……的一部分”。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了戏剧表演学校的性质、学生在校接受的教育、在校的相关要求和发展前景。
29.where　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示地点的名词schools，设空处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
30.themselves　enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快”，为固定表达，且前面是children，故填themselves。
31.and　分析句子结构可知，空前的only half the day和空后的the other half of the day为并列关系，故填and。
32.to make　分析句子结构可知，此外是固定句式，it is time for sb to do sth意为“该某人做某事的时候了”，故填to make。
33.professional　分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰后面的名词work，应用形容词，故填professional。
34.are limited　分析句子结构可知，limit在句中作谓语；结合语境可知，本句时态应用一般现在时，且主语和谓语是动宾关系，应用被动语态；又因主语Those为复数，故填are limited。
35.to　happen to意为“发生，遇到”，为固定表达，故填to。
36.leading　分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的名词schools，应用形容词，故填leading。
37.importance　place importance on意为“重视，关注，强调”，为固定表达。故填importance。
38.is　分析句子结构可知，be在句中作从句的谓语；结合语境可知，时态应用一般现在时；主语this为第三人称单数，故填is。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.keeping　2.to become　3.bought　4.standing　5.being discussed
6.frightening； frightened　7.frustrated　8.disappointing
9.tired　10.amazing　11.interesting　12.swimming
13.playing　14.saying　15.excited； exciting
维度二
1.dating back to
2.sounds very moving
3.are both interesting and encouraging
4.the traditional activity is planting trees
5.The boy playing basketball in the playground
6.wake up the sleeping child
7.asking about my study and life
8.we saw last night was very moving
维度三
1.is selling fruit in a supermarket
2.ranging from common apples and pears to imported fruit
3.selling well to let us taste
4.my mother’s job is boring
维度四
1.boring　2.interesting　3.taking　4.exciting　5.amazing
6.fascinating　7.falling　8.wearing　9.being cleaned
10.making　11.playing　12.laughing
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了欧美国家的一个节日——网络安全日。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，网络安全日是2004年在欧洲开始的，现在已经有20年的历史了。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，从2012年开始，ConnectSafely就负责组织美国的网络安全日。由此可推知，它应该是一个机构或组织。
3.B　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，本段主要介绍了网络安全日的宗旨和目的——创建一个安全健康的网络。
4.B　推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，虽然网络安全日的服务对象包括孩子、家长和老师等，但最主要的服务对象还是包括学生在内的年轻人，最后一段提到全美各地的教室里都庆祝该节日。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己学习乘法的经历，联系到人生中的“乘法”，并说明乘法的神奇魅力。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者刚开始发现乘法很难，后来老师给了他（她）写有乘法口诀表的卡片，然后他（她）的数学成绩又变好了。
6.A　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，作者通过举例说明“乘法”在生活中的神奇魅力。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者将我们每个人都比作生活中的“乘数”，最关键的问题是我们选择什么去“乘”。作者主张选择爱、善良和宽容这些积极元素。
8.D　推理判断题。最后一段作者建议我们每个人都去作一个“乘数”，然后让这个世界变得更加美好。本段首句是段落主旨句。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。孔融是东汉文学家，孔子的后裔，为“建安七子”之一。文章主要讲述了著名的“孔融让梨”的故事。
9.F　本段主要对孔融进行简要介绍，F项说明他的身份，符合语境。
10.B　本段主要讲述“孔融让梨”的故事，B项符合语境，B项中的the smallest one指“最小的梨”。
11.E　本段主要说明“孔融让梨”这一故事的影响。应该先有E项中孔融父亲写下该故事，后有下文所说的该故事的广泛传播和影响。
12.A　下句中的this heritage暗示上句提到了一种传统，它与A项中的propriety相匹配。
13.G　本段主要说明礼仪在中国传统文化中的重要地位，G项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hansen父子成立“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。
14.C　根据第三段第一句可知，此处应用share，是原词复现。
15.B　四年前，Hansen 父子启动了“共情”项目，来共享食物、听听无家可归者的故事以及想想如何提供进一步的帮助。
16.A　根据下文可知，此处指一个小小的行为能够给那些不幸的人带来巨大的影响。
17.A　此处用了Hansen采访时说的一句话。
18.B　根据上文的If you do it， you can make a connection.可知，此处应用connection，是原词复现。
19.D　根据上下文可知，此处是指Hansen父子给Ward提供了一间平房用来居住。
20.A　他感谢Hansen父子帮助他渡过了搬离街道的艰难过程。help sb through是固定用法，表示“帮助某人渡过难关”。
21.C　根据上下文可知，Hansen父子帮助无家可归的人，和他们共享食物、给他们提供住所等，这让他们感觉非常好。
22.D　根据上下文可知，此处是指父子俩帮助无家可归的人所作的努力，影响了周围的人。
23.C　父亲和儿子所作的努力已经发展成为一个强调信仰和社区的项目，它强调了社区成员能够充当帮助无家可归者的角色。highlight和emphasize是同义词复现。
24.D　此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮助无家可归的人，即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色。
25.B　根据常识可知，无家可归是一个社会问题。
26.B　Hansen父子希望“共情”这个项目可以流行起来，这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者。
27.A　Chase说：“我未来的愿望是在全国范围内传播更多的联系。如果有其他人加入来帮助无家可归者，我们可以且一定会成功。”
28.B　参见上题解析。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际无互联网日设立的时间、目的、背景、支持者对这个节日的看法，以及这个节日对人们产生的影响等。
29.which　句中先行词为the International Internet-Free Day，设空处在非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词引导。故填which。
30.supporter　根据空前的基数词One可知，其后的名词为单数形式。故填supporter。
31.actually　设空处修饰动词want， 应用副词形式。故填actually。
32.explained　根据上一段的said可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填explained。
33.addicted　get addicted to表示“沉溺于”。故填addicted。
34.with　lose touch with sb 表示“与某人失去联系”。故填with。
35.welcomes　根据并列连词and前的时态可知，应用一般现在时；主语The real world为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填welcomes。
36.to feel　名词chance后接动词不定式作定语。故填to feel。
37.an　空后名词event为单数，且event前面的形容词exciting的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
38.reality　空前为不定冠词a，提示其后的名词为单数形式。故填reality。
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
基础知识自测
维度一
1.inner　2.clapping　3.atmosphere　4.respected　5.pleased　6.horrible　7.fancy　8.absolutely
维度二
1.representing　2.going　3.pleasure　4.Absolutely　5.sitting
6.briefly　7.significance　8.Being brought
维度三
1.I set off early for home
2.show my love and respect for him
3.expressed our gratitude to my father at dinner
4.My father was pleased and satisfied with
5.as if （he were） a child
维度四
1.represented　2.which　3.events　4.on　5.that　6.amazing
7.lighter　8.have been riding　9.the　10.totally
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了美国的全国爱鸟日。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，在美国，全国爱鸟日在每年的1月5日庆祝，而爱鸟日在每年的5月4日庆祝。
2.D　细节理解题。根据Facts About Birds部分可知，全球大约有一万种鸟类，其中大约900种濒临灭绝。
3.C　细节理解题。根据Customs， Traditions and Celebrations部分可知，在美国的全国爱鸟日，学校通常给孩子们安排研究鸟的任务。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国的甜蜜日。
4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，甜蜜日在美国变得越来越流行了。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，这个节日是为了让人们关注孤儿及卧病在床的人。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，甜蜜日起源于Cleveland。
7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，现在的甜蜜日礼物是送给那些我们关心的人。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症，他想去迪士尼看唐老鸭，但是他又不能在公共场所排队；后来一个叫丹尼的好心人把自己打扮成唐老鸭来到了作者的家里。
8.B　根据上文He had been suffering from autism 可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，所以在公共场所需要额外的照顾。
9.C　根据上文When my son， Noah， was younger， going out with him in public was difficult.可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，和他一起外出到一些公共场所很困难，所以在迪士尼排队是不可能的。
10.D　根据下文A voice said可知，作者的电话铃响了，电话里有人说话。
11.C　根据下文可知，丹尼打扮成唐老鸭来敲窗户，所以在电话里他是告诉作者他想来拜访他们。drop by意为“顺道拜访”。
12.A　根据上文who had spent years helping special-needs children可知，丹尼多年来一直帮助有特殊需要的孩子们，说明他是个有耐心的人，所以他对孩子们的特殊行为不会感到恼火。
13.D　根据语境可知，丹尼要打扮成唐老鸭来拜访他们，所以作者作了些准备欢迎他。
14.A　根据下文Would Noah even notice？Would he be frightened？可知，作者担心诺亚看到丹尼扮演的唐老鸭会害怕。
15.B　根据下文可知，知道作者的担忧后，丹尼安慰作者说他会把一切安排好。
16.C　根据语境可知，丹尼扮成唐老鸭来给诺亚一个惊喜，所以他是轻轻地敲了敲窗户。
17.B　根据上文可知，丹尼轻轻地敲了敲客厅的窗户，所以作者的丈夫去开门。answer the door 意为“（去）开门”。
18.A　根据下文with a funny voice可知，因为诺亚以前没看到过唐老鸭，所以一开始丹尼用滑稽的声音介绍了他自己。
19.D　根据上文Noah smiled可知，诺亚见到唐老鸭之后笑了，然后高兴地拥抱了唐老鸭。
20.A　根据语境可知，丹尼扮演的唐老鸭让作者患有自闭症的儿子很高兴，并主动拥抱了他，所以这很神奇。
21.C　根据下文met us once before可知，丹尼以前仅仅是见过他们一面，他就知道作者的儿子多么希望见到唐老鸭。
22.B　根据语境可知，作者的儿子患有自闭症，不能在公共场所排队，但是又非常想看唐老鸭，所以孩子很感激在家能看到唐老鸭。
Ⅲ.
　　The Spring Festival， or the Chinese Lunar New Year， was officially listed as a UN holiday at the 78th Session of the United Nations General Assembly on 22 December 2023.The decision was widely welcomed among member states and staff members of the United Nations.
　　Undoubtedly， this is a very wise choice.For one thing， this proves the fact that China’s international position and influence has been steadily increasing with each passing day.For another， this also reflects the values of diversity and inclusion promoted by the United Nations.After all， not only is the Spring Festival celebrated by about one-fifth of people in the world， but it also carries the common values of humanity such as peace， harmony， happiness， and prosperity.
Ⅳ.
　　It was then that I decided I wouldn’t play football anymore.With my heart pounding， I walked towards the coach with shaky legs.At that time， it didn’t exactly seem brave.It just seemed right.“What’s up？” the coach asked me in confusion.“I quit，” I said in a trembling but determined voice.“What？You can’t quit.What would your dad think？” He seemed disappointed and picked up the phone.Having described the situation to my dad， he handed me the phone.
　　Much to my surprise， my dad was on my side.On the phone， he explained he had thought I wanted to be the next big football star from my perseverance！ But now he understood and told me it was time to make a change， no matter what anyone else thought.Suddenly， a warm current surged into my heart.I hung up the phone and headed home， thinking about the thing which made me happy.It was from the experience that I realised we should express our real thoughts bravely.
UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，当时刘表去世，其子刘琮应该是继承或接管了其职位。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于当时刘琮打算投降曹操，诸葛亮建议刘备攻打荆州。诸葛亮的想法是：与其让荆州落入曹操之手，还不如刘备一方占领荆州。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于刘备念及荆州旧主刘表旧恩，没有听从诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议。由此可以判断，诸葛亮肯定很失望。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要是对上文故事进行总结，说明刘备受到后世好评的原因以及“仁义”在中国文化中的重要意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Dwayne Johnson 14岁时曾经偷过便利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成为明星的他为了表示对过去错误的忏悔，去该便利店花298美元买下该店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要的顾客免费拿走。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，30年来，Dwayne Johnson对他青少年时偷士力架巧克力的行为一直受到良心的谴责。
6.D　推理判断题。根据上下文可知，Dwayne Johnson这么做是为了对过去自己所犯的错误表示弥补和忏悔。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Dwayne Johnson指出，我们虽然无法改变过去，但是总是可以做一些事来对过去的错误做出弥补和补偿。由此可知，他是一个对自己行为负责的人。
8.B　主旨大意题。综合全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者分享Dwayne Johnson的故事，主要想告诉我们弥补过失和改正错误的重要性，即使这种弥补和改正来得晚一些。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何练习英语口语提出了三条建议。
9.F　上文强调学英语的目的是交际，下文的if you want to be暗示F项符合语境。
10.G　上文说用英文交际时犯一些语法错误没关系，这里G项是对上文意思的延续和补充，符合语境。
11.B　上文说去英美国家学英语当然很好，下文又说21世纪处处都能学英语，故B项符合语境。
12.E　上文说处处都有学英语的资源，我们自然要好好利用这些机会，故E项符合语境。
13.D　本部分强调坚持说英语的重要性，有机会要说，没有机会要创造机会——想象语言环境并自言自语，故D项符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.publish　2.decades　3.precious　4.responded　5.virtue
6.complaining　7.hired　8.tended
维度二
1.marriage　2.response　3.Scared　4.sharply　5.tendency
6.energetic　7.more important　8.appointed
维度三
1.you have been appointed as/to be
2.that carried me through the hardships in my life and study
3.nothing is more important than health in life
4.has seen great changes of the village
5.In response to your letter of complaint
维度四
1.was known　2.Affected　3.at　4.marriage　5.Having worked
6.where　7.to hold　8.for　9.dying　10.helping
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。程颢、程颐兄弟俩都是宋代极有学问的人。进士杨时先拜程颢为师，后来又拜程颐为师。一次杨时和同学去请教程颐问题，适逢老师休息，于是他们在门外等候，直至地面积雪一尺多厚。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，杨时先放弃了自己的高官厚禄，然后去洛阳拜程颢为师。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，一天，杨时和他的同学游酢为一件事发生了争执。由于他们无法解决分歧，所以才决定去找老师。因此，画线词reconcile与settle意思相近。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，当程颐向窗外望去，看到那两个人站在暴风雪中，浑身是雪。程颐急忙站起来，把他们领进房间。根据当时的情景，我们可以判断老师会非常吃惊和感动。
4.D　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，“程门立雪”这一故事，主要揭示了尊师重道这一中华民族的传统美德。最后一段对本文的主旨作了概括。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今人们工作时间越来越长，作者认为长时间工作有很大危害。
5.A　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要阐述了工作的价值。
6.C　推理判断题。第三段先指出全球有4亿多人每周工作49小时以上，接下来第四段又以Elon Musk为例，说明超时工作很常见。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者认为长时间工作不利于完成更多的任务，这样做会付出很高的代价。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，纽约时报采访Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%。由此推知，投资者可能感觉有点失望。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人人都会有孤独的时候，孤独可能会影响我们的心理健康。
9.D　第一段是对孤独的概括性论述，D项说明孤独在我们生活中的普遍性，符合语境。
10.E　上句指出孤独并不在于我们与他人相处或独处时间的长短，而E项是对此意的进一步阐释。
11.C　本段说明孤独就像饥饿、口渴或疼痛一样，都是身体发出的一种信号。下文的signal一词暗示C项符合语境。
12.G　上文指出在现代社会人们所面临的孤独问题变得更难解决，而G项也说明了解决孤独的困难。
13.F　下文介绍了孤独和抑郁之间的区别，因此F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。曾子是我国春秋末年思想家、儒家学派的代表人物之一。文章主要讲述了他说服妻子信守诺言、为孩子杀猪的故事。
14.B　许多关于诚实的故事从中国古代被流传下来。pass sth down将某物从一代传给下一代。
15.C　曾子，又名曾参，被认为是中国最著名的哲学家之一。regard ...as ...是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”。
16.A　根据下文可知，曾子的妻子要去市场。
17.B　由于孩子哭闹，曾子的妻子努力跟他解释。
18.D　曾子的妻子跟孩子说市场太远，他不能陪她去。
19.A　曾子的妻子给孩子承诺：“如果你在家等我，我会宰一头猪，给你做一盘美味的猪肉。”dish这里指“一碟食物； 一道菜”。
20.A　孩子听了母亲的话，立刻泪水变作欢笑。
21.C　曾子的妻子回到家后，很长一段时间没有任何宰杀猪的迹象。
22.B　看到妻子没有任何反应，曾子准备自己动手去杀猪。
23.D　妻子对曾子说：“你不用把我前面说的话太当真。” take ...seriously表示“认真对待”。
24.B　根据下文可知，曾子在指责妻子的做法不对，应该对孩子言而有信。
25.D　曾子认为，孩子们就像一张张白纸，他们从父母的行为中学到一切。blank空白的。
26.A　根据语境可知，这里是在强调父母的言行对孩子的重要影响。
27.C　听了曾子的话后，妻子对自己前面欺骗孩子的行为感到后悔。
28.B　然后妻子跟曾子一起去杀猪，为孩子做美味佳肴。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国伟大圣人孔子眼里的道德观。
29.consideration　本空前面的everyone’s first暗示这里应用名词。
30.are desired　本句主语为Wealth and high position，表示复数概念，且陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are desired。
31.but　此处孔子的原句为：“富与贵，是人之所欲也；不以其道得之，不处也。贫与贱，是人之所恶也；不以其道得之，不去也。”由于前后两个分句表达转折关系，因此用连词but。
32.what　本空前面有动词impose，因此这里应用连接代词what引导一个宾语从句。这里表示“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
33.were　本句主语为social classes，表示复数概念，另外在陈述过去的情况，故填were。
34.from　这里表示孔子接受来自社会各阶层的学生。from all levels of society来自社会各个阶层。
35.teaching　本空前面有介词In，因此这里应用动词-ing形式作其宾语。
36.virtues　本空后面列举了各种优点和美德，因此用名词的复数形式。
37.who/that　本空前面的man是先行词，因此这里应用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。
38.himself　本句主语为A virtuous man，这里表示一个君子经常会与自己和平相处，也就是获得内心的平静与安宁。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Having been taught　2.enjoying　3.travelling　4.moving
5.Having finished　6.complaining　7.cleaning　8.waiting
9.cheating　10.Hearing　11.making　12.Knowing　13.burning； burned/burnt
维度二
1.Knowing you are interested in traditional Chinese culture
2.With time going by/As time goes by
3.admiring the moon together
4.found him lying on a bench
5.with many students surrounding him
6.Seeing from the top of the tower
7.heard someone knocking at the door
8.have your son studying all day long at the weekend
维度三
1.saw a big branch lying on the road
2.Considering it might cause some trouble
3.With some passers-by helping us
4.Seeing what we had done
维度四
1.cooking　2.leaving　3.Having learned/learnt　4.having
5.Entering　6.Thinking　7.feeling　8.behaving　9.Seeing
10.reading
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，告诫我们要学会放下。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，作者下周将要搬家。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，作者的第一任丈夫因癌症去世后，作者开始学会放下。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第七段可知，作者开始珍惜生活中那些真正重要的事物，并及时去做，不再拖延。
4.A　推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者结合自己的人生经历，学会了放下。最后一段是本文的核心思想所在，作者认为我们离开这个世界时什么都带不走，留下的只有回忆。let go 是本文的关键词。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文中提到的paradigm指一种思维定式或思维模式，它往往会限制我们的行为和行动的结果。
5.C　词义猜测题。根据下文可知，我们特定的思维模式会导致局限性。由此可知，它们是“不准确的”。
6.A　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，本段作者主要强调我们有什么样的信仰和认知，往往就会有什么样的结果。
7.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Kristi换上新的隐形眼镜后看到了更清晰的风景和世界，这让她非常吃惊。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kristi原来形成的认知是自己的眼睛不行、只能看到模糊的世界，后来借助隐形眼镜发现原来可以看到更清晰的世界。结合上文可知，作者想传递的信息是：我们固有的认知会限制我们的发展。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。安全驾驶的重要性不言而喻，本文是写给那些刚拿到驾照者的一些驾驶建议。
9.F　下文说“这些感觉很正常”，这里暗示我们此处在叙述一些感受，故F项符合语境。
10.C　上文在叙述小孩学自行车的情况，下文在谈论驾车的情况，C项承上启下，符合语境。
11.A　本段所提到的系安全带、不超速等都是一些交通规则，A项符合语境。
12.G　上文主要告诉我们驾车时带上朋友的危险性，G项符合语境，说明随着驾驶经验的增加这种情况会逐渐好转。
13.E　上文指出仅仅你自己遵守交通规则是不够的。那么，此处肯定要告诉我们还应该怎么办，故E项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Islesboro是美国的一个小岛，该岛上一所中学毕业班的学生放弃了出国旅游的机会，将所有费用捐给了当地的社区。
14.A　Islesboro小岛距离美洲大陆3英里远。
15.B　按照传统惯例，该岛上中学毕业生要进行资金募集活动。
16.A　这些募集的资金将用于一次班级的旅游。
17.D　以前同学们选择的旅游目的地包括巴黎、冰岛、挪威和巴拿马等。
18.B　2024届毕业班的同学筹集了将近8，000美元。
19.B　令他们失望的是，他们打算出国旅游的希望由于旅游限制而破灭了。
20.C　由于旅游限制的原因，他们旅游的计划不得不取消。
21.A　他们放弃旅游后，打算将这些钱花在离家更近的地方。
22.D　18岁的Liefe Temple解释了他们这么做的原因。
23.C　Liefe Temple认为，他们选择捐款的做法令他们感觉很好。
24.A　这些中学生将募集来的钱又回馈给了当地社区。
25.B　他们将这些钱捐赠给了当地社区的基金组织。
26.D　这一基金专门用来帮助那些生活受流行病影响的居民。
27.C　同学们的高尚举动让他们获得一种强烈的自豪感。
28.C　同学们所作出的决定，展示出他们对流行病中人们苦难的认识。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。面对一道奇怪的面试问题，为何一位求职者能够从200人中脱颖而出呢？
29.waiting　see sb doing sth 是一个固定句式，表示“看见某人正在做某事”。
30.to die　be about to do sth 表示“将要做某事”，这里是说这位老太太即将死亡。
31.because　本空后面的从句表示你应该选择老朋友的原因，应用连词because。
32.applicants　由于有200名求职者，因此应用applicant的复数形式。
33.was hired　由于这名求职者是“被录用”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
34.him　let为动词，后面应用人称代词的宾格来作其宾语。
35.exactly　由于本空前面是系动词，因此这里应用副词。
36.from　from a ...angle是固定搭配，表示“从……的角度”。
37.starts　本句为动词-ing短语作主语，且描述一种客观现实，因此用一般现在时。
38.which/that　此处box为先行词，后面是一个定语从句，应用关系代词which/that。
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
基础知识自测
维度一
1.spilling　2.tears　3.despair　4.might　5.accidents　6.Bitten
7.flexible　8.Therefore
维度二
1.holding　2.harmful　3.exported　4.whispering　5.assistance
维度三
1.Once I was moved to tears
2.Two mountains blocking their way
3.spent a great deal of time doing the work
4.passed away
5.are in need of his determination and perseverance
维度四
1.a　2.disguised　3.and　4.angrily　5.passers-by　6.to move
7.tired　8.coming　9.had been placed　10.from
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Steve Wilson选择将肾捐献给一位陌生人，然后通过登上乞力马扎罗山的壮举证明捐肾不会影响到身体健康，并激励更多人去捐肾。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一至三段可知，Steve Wilson之所以选择将自己的肾捐献出去，主要是受到一位妇女捐肾行为的影响。
2.C　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Steve Wilson选择攀登乞力马扎罗山的主要目的是激励更多人加入捐肾的行列。
3.A　推理判断题。根据Steve Wilson的故事可知，他能无偿捐献自己的肾并激励更多人行善，这充分体现了他的爱心和慷慨。虽然他的登山也体现了他热爱冒险的一面，但这并非本文的重点。
4.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了Steve Wilson先无偿捐肾然后通过登山来激励更多人加入捐肾行列的故事。因此D项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚维多利亚州宣布将在中小学实施手机禁令，可是，作者认为在中小学禁止手机不是一件容易的事。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，维多利亚州这一政策的出台，是因为手机在中小学导致了很多问题，比如网络欺凌、干扰学习以及学校的管理困难等。
6.C　推理判断题。本段指出，除了维多利亚州，法国已经发布了禁令，丹麦、瑞典以及英国正在为此辩论不休。
7.D　观点态度题。根据第五段可知，在该项调查中，只有不到三分之一的澳大利亚成年人支持在校园彻底禁止手机。
8.A　细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，澳大利亚新南威尔士州只是在小学禁止了手机，而美国纽约的学校2006年开始实施手机禁令，却在2015年又取消了禁令。由此可知，在中小学禁止手机不是一件容易的事。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。André来自一个极其贫困的家庭，他通过个人的顽强努力，最终实现了自己的大学梦。
9.B　在危地马拉，只有不到百分之一的孩子有机会接受大学教育。access指“（使用某物或接近某人的）机会或权利”。
10.C　André确立了要上危地马拉市最好大学之一的目标。set a goal是固定搭配。
11.A　根据下文But André was focused.可知，周围的人都反对André，认为那是不可能实现的梦。
12.D　根据下文可知，André给15家大使馆打电话询问是否提供奖学金。由此可知，他面临的问题是缺钱。
13.B　根据下文asked if they had any scholarships可知，André应该是给15家大使馆打电话询问奖学金的事。
14.D　当André所有争取奖学金的方法都无效后，他参加了三所危地马拉市最好大学的入学考试。
15.C　Francisco Marroquín University是André当时报考的大学之一。apply to表示“申请”。
16.A　这里是招生官员Mónica回想当时的情形。
17.D　这里的impressed是一个形容词，表示“留下深刻印象的”。
18.B　根据下句André， you are accepted.可知，这里是在讲述一次面试。
19.A　招生官员Mónica记得André当时说了下面的话。
20.C　由于André被成功录取，他应该是打算自豪地向家乡的人告知这一消息。
21.A　根据上文可知，André面临的问题是缺钱，因此他会说“I can’t afford it”。
22.C　根据下文的Congratulations！可知，André不但被成功录取，而且免学费。
23.A　André本来可以像很多人一样抱怨自己的艰难处境。
Ⅲ.
The Virtue I Value Most
　　There are many virtues we should value to live a meaningful life， such as kindness， wisdom， courage， justice and so on.However， what I value most is honesty.
　　As the saying goes，“Honesty is the best policy.” This is absolutely true.As one of the core socialist values， honesty is the fundamental factor on which all human relationships are based.Without honesty， our society will be filled with lies and fake products.As a result， nobody can be trusted and nothing can be achieved.
　　My fellow students， let’s always be honest.An honest person will win friends， an honest company will win customers， and an honest country will win the respect from the whole world.
Ⅳ.
　　That frightening day finally arrived.As I entered the classroom， I kept trying to convince myself， “Just cheer up， OK？ This can’t be that bad.” Now it was my turn.As I stood in front of the class， which was far away from my comfort zone， I kept repeating to myself，“Courage！ Relax！ Take it easy！ Just perform your best！” It turned out that I did such a great job that all the students applauded my performance warmly.
　　I left the classroom as if a heavy load had been lifted.Although that experience nearly killed me， I felt a great sense of personal accomplishment on my way home.I was so proud of myself and I frankly didn’t care what anyone else thought about my performance.What really mattered was that I had survived.Stepping out of your comfort zone will never be easy， but afterward you’ll always be glad you did it.
UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。《心灵鸡汤》是美国大型系列图书的著名品牌名称，本文是该图书官方网站发布的一则征稿启事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据Guidelines for a Chicken Soup for the Soul story部分可知，投稿可以写自己的故事，也可以写身边其他人的故事。
2.C　细节理解题。根据We Welcome Your Stories and Poems！部分可知，如果一则故事适用于两个话题或两本书，则写稿人可以同时投寄给两者。
3.A　细节理解题。综合全文可知，本文是《心灵鸡汤》系列图书发布的一则征稿启事，主要提出了一些对投稿的具体要求和注意事项。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了让奶奶看到生活中更多的东西，Ryan带着80多岁的奶奶在38个州旅行了超过25，000英里，游览了美国29个国家公园，并记录在了Instagram上。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的Two years later I set up a GoFundMe called Grandma Joy’s Road Trip in the spirit of making up for lost time and proving that you’re never too old to pack in a lifetime of adventure and travel.可知，Ryan在Instagram创立Grandma Joy’s Road Trip是为了弥补失去的十年的时间。
5.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，乔伊奶奶喜欢旅游，喜欢冒险。根据最后一段中的You never know what’s going to come out of her mouth， and it’s usually interesting.可知，乔伊奶奶很幽默。
6.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的There have been difficult moments that we had to work through， but finally we get to where we need to be.可知，他们在旅行过程中克服了许多困难。
7.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Ryan带着他的奶奶一起去旅游的故事。故B项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方文化的差异及其形成的原因。
8.E　空前一句提到东西方文化确实有很大的差异，下文应说明东西方文化不同的原因，故E项符合语境。
9.F　根据空前一句可知，两种文化分别由中国的黄河和印度的印度河所孕育，由此可知，这里应介绍河流对于文化的影响，故F项符合语境。
10.C　上文说这种文明后来发展成为古希腊和古罗马文明，C项（众所周知，这两种文明正是欧洲文化的基础）是对上文的总结，符合语境。
11.D　空后一句是以语言系统来举例说明文化间的差异，由此可知，本段主要是以其他方面的不同来说明文化的不同，故D项符合语境。
12.G　根据空前一句以及空后的内容讲述文化的不同对世界的影响可知，G项符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.definitely　2.downtown　3.historical　4.minority　5.select
维度二
1.admission　2.to　3.selected； to be admitted　4.attending
5.diversity
维度三
1.There are many people helping me
2.It occurred to me that
3.headed to/for the disaster area
4.will help bring about
维度四
1.to be　2.rebuilding　3.occurred　4.that/which　5.living
6.farms　7.how　8.different　9.beautiful　10.a
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。gap year可以译为“空档年”或“间隔年”，它主要指一些国家高中生毕业后用来外出旅游、学习、打工、度假等的一年，其主要目的是丰富阅历、提升自己，以便为将来的大学生活作好准备。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，美国高中生主要利用间隔年来学习各种课程，他们这样做显然是为了自我提升。
2.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，印度学生主要利用间隔年来复习，为即将到来的高考作准备。
3.C　细节理解题。综合最后四段可知，间隔年在英国最受欢迎。
4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文简要介绍了间隔年这一社会现象。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。艾尔顿·约翰是一位享有国际声誉的英国歌手，文章讲述了他年轻时刚到美国的一次演出经历。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，台下的观众比台上的那名歌手还有名，因此观众都不太把那名年轻歌手当回事。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，艾尔顿·约翰在来美国之前已经付出了非常大的代价，训练刻苦，演出认真。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，由于台下观众都不太在乎台上的艾尔顿·约翰，他感到非常郁闷，因此跳起来踢翻了钢琴凳。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，艾尔顿·约翰后来进入了状态，唱得很自信、很投入，观众开始认真观看——他们听到了令人耳目一新的音乐。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了自己心目中的英雄——网球天王费德勒。
9.G　空前说你小时候有过英雄吗？下文又提到Roger，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上文提到的英雄话题，又要引出下文介绍的罗杰·费德勒，故G项（费德勒以前是我的英雄，现在是我的英雄，以后也将是我的英雄）符合语境。
10.E　空前说在37岁的时候，他本可以轻松地退出这项运动，过上他想要的舒适生活，空后又说对于一个网球运动员来说，没有比他更值得尊敬和钦佩的人了，这说明他没有退役，仍然超越自己的极限，继续在赛场上征战，故E项（但他一直在超越自己的极限）符合语境。
11.F　空前说从身体上讲，有很多运动和网球一样具有挑战性，许多（运动）还需要精神力量，此处承接上文，讲的是关于比赛中需要身体力量和精神力量的情况，而且空后的举例也说明网球单打比赛既需要身体力量也需要精神力量，故F项（然而，很少要求在比赛中需要两者的结合）符合语境。
12.A　空后说乔丹在比赛中有队友和教练的支持，博尔特的比赛在一分钟内就结束了，所以，要想成为一名优秀的网球单打运动员，你必须独立，对自己有信心，在压力下保持冷静，空后拿乔丹和博尔特与费德勒作对比以突出费德勒的伟大，此处需要一句引语，引出下文的内容，故A项（这么说吧）符合语境。
13.B　空后说下次如果有机会看到费德勒现场卫冕，我会在那里为他加油，因此此处会提到去现场看费德勒的比赛，故B项（没有什么比去看一场现场网球赛更好的了）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Urbonya从小生活在中国，她对中国文化的热爱让她深深地喜欢上了中国的汉服。
14.C　根据上文Urbonya lived in China until the age of six.可知，这里指Urbonya在中国生活过的六年。
15.C　根据上文the seeds of love for Chinese culture可知，这里指Urbonya热爱中国文化的种子在这六年被种下。
16.A　根据语境可知，Urbonya的父母让她看中国的电视剧是为了维持她的中文水平。keep up维持；保持。
17.B　2011年，Urbonya对中国文化热爱的种子把她带回了中国。这句话是一种拟人的说法。
18.D　根据下文that dream occurred in 2020可知，这里是在阐述Urbonya的一个梦想。
19.A　根据语境可知，这里是说2020年一个实现Urbonya梦想的机会来了。achieve/realise a dream实现梦想。
20.A　根据上文Hanfu is gaining wide appeal可知，汉服在全世界赢得了人们的认可。
21.C　根据语境可知，下文是Urbonya体验完汉服后得出的一种认识和感悟。
22.B　Urbonya认识到：汉服文化是一种将中国历史带到现在的新方式，也就是说让历史回归当代。
23.D　上文提到Urbonya一家于2000年回到美国，这里是说她于2011年又回到中国。
24.A　2011年，Urbonya在中国的街头没看到有女孩穿汉服。
25.D　汉服属于服装的一种类型。
26.B　上文指出那时中国的街头没有人穿汉服，因此如果看到有人穿汉服，人们内心会好奇地发问。
27.B　根据本空前的makes many new hanfu fan可知，这里应该选B。make friends是固定表达。
28.C　根据上文Hanfu serves as ties可知，汉服作为一种纽带，将所有汉服的爱好者连接到一起。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2023年，在中国内地求职的海归人数略有下降，原因是在竞争日益激烈的国内就业市场上，拥有海外教育背景的人才的优势正在减弱。
29.seeking　此处需要一个后置定语来修饰本空前的名词短语overseas returnees，由于overseas returnees与seek之间是主动关系，因此用动词-ing形式。
30.an　名词education前面通常加不定冠词，如get/receive an education。
31.were attracted　本句时间状语为last year，且表示被动概念，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
32.stronger　本空后面的greater opportunities暗示这里应用形容词的比较级。
33.for　be thirsty for是固定搭配，表示“渴望……”。
34.though/although/while　本句中said后面是一个由that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中又包含一个由though/although/while引导的让步状语从句。
35.performance　本空前面的两个形容词stable economic暗示这里应用名词形式。
36.to take　be willing to do sth是固定表达，表示“愿意做某事”。
37.who/that　本空前面的returnees是一个先行词，这里由关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句来修饰它。关系代词who/that在从句中作主语。
38.expectations　expectation一词表“期望”时通常用作复数形式。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.in　2.to　3.I　4.teaches　5.he was　6.whom/who/that
7.that　8.that； should
维度二
1.When in America　2.The book he borrowed　3.his brother won’t　4.as if waiting for someone　5.as in Guangzhou
6.If properly treated　7.If possible　8.Whether sick or well
维度三
1.to take care of the elders and wash their clothes
2.in solving all the problems as expected
3.not to punish you but to help you
4.when taken according to the instructions
5.she was from America and that she was 16 years old
6.If heated　7.go home　8.If necessary
维度四
1.while washing bowls and plates　2.look out for cars when crossing the street　3.See you　4.as if in a hurry　5.considered Tom rude　6.didn’t know why　7.make Tom realise
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术大师毕加索在巴黎为一位贵妇人画肖像画的故事。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，跟许多艺术家不同，毕加索很快就获得了成功。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，毕加索为这位妇人画了八次肖像画都不成功。
3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，毕加索在秋天根据自己的记忆画出了那位妇人的肖像画。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这次画画事件之后，毕加索开启了自己艺术生涯的一个转折点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中描述了自己的家乡——利物浦的美景，重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings， which are solid signs of Liverpool’s history可知，大部分游客都被利物浦的建筑所吸引。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者举了博物馆、音乐和体育等方面的例子来进行叙述。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，它是一个完美的纪念碑，也是吸引人的遗迹。作者举出这个例子是为了证明利物浦是一个极具吸引力的地方。
8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章不仅介绍了利物浦的美景，而且重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。5G时代即将到来，它将怎样改变我们的生活呢？
9.D　上文强调5G带来的手机高速连接，D项接着举例来对此进行说明。
10.C　上文讲述5G对手机带来的巨大改变，下文又列举了5G将对其他领域带来的改变，故C项承上启下，符合语境。
11.F　上文指出超高频电波的优点，下文指出还需要建大量小型的手机信号塔，可以断定中间一句是指出超高频电波也有其缺点。
12.B　上文指出超高频电波也有缺点，下文说在一段时间内4G还得使用。由此可知，5G暂时还不能完全取代4G。
13.G　下文的Those innovations暗示设空处在说明5G所带来的一些巨大创新和变化，G项提到下一代远程手术，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的新书签售会上，由于没有读者前来，作者非常灰心；直到书店即将关门，作者打算回家的时候，一对夫妇的到来令作者非常激动。这件事激励作者把写作继续进行下去。
14.C　根据上文The book signing可知，这是一场签名售书活动，被安排在一个漂亮的书店里。
15.A　根据上文hundreds of customers可知，作者原以为会有成百上千的顾客前来排队买书。
16.C　根据下文it didn’t quite happen like that可知，此处句意发生了转折，然而并没有顾客前来排队买书。
17.B　根据上文可知，这是一场在书店的签名售书活动，此处指没有一个买书的顾客。
18.D　根据下文可知，作者越来越焦虑，到最后失望地想离开书店了。
19.A　作者每天很早起床，在上班之前花两小时写作，日常安排非常紧张。
20.D　此处指作者这么辛苦，祈祷自己的努力能感动读者。
21.B　根据上文可知，作者想知道是否自己的人生是个笑话。
22.C　没有一个顾客来买书，因此作者渐渐气馁了。
23.B　这时候作者感觉没有什么比这更糟糕的了。
24.C　根据下文作者向这对夫妇介绍自己的书并得到了他们的认可可推知，作者隐藏起之前的糟糕情绪。
25.A　根据上文While listening， they nodded可知，这对夫妇非常赞同作者所说的话。
26.D　根据上文的We’ll take the book.和My heart beat fast及新书签售会没有读者前来买书可推知，这对夫妇要买作者的书令作者很激动。
27.B　根据上文“We lost our son five months ago，” she said with watery eyes.可知，这对夫妇希望通过读作者的书，克服失去儿子的痛苦。
28.A　根据上文My prayer of asking for可知，此处指终于有人买了作者的书，作者的祈祷得到了回应。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成立于2002年的中国国际救援队给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人们带来的帮助和希望。
29.whose　分析句子结构可知，句中先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作定语，故填关系代词whose。
30.had worked　分析句子结构可知，It was the first time that后跟过去完成时，故填had worked。
31.for　此处表示他们的勇敢和技术赢得了赞扬，设空处应用表示原因的连词。故填for。
32.is　根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，句中主语为The list，应用第三人称单数形式，故填is。
33.giving　分析句子结构可知，此处为spend time （in） doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”，故填giving。
34.are trained　根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时；根据句意可知，救援人员是接受训练者，与train为动宾关系，此处用被动形式；Rescue workers为复数，故填are trained。
35.usually　分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，故填usually。
36.To save　分析句子结构并结合语境可知，设空处为动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了”，故填To save。
37.the　定冠词用在形容词前，表示一类人或东西。the dead表示“死者”，故填the。
38.effective　根据语境可知，设空处应用形容词修饰名词measures，故填effective。
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
基础知识自测
维度一
1.neat　2.souvenir　3.materials　4.contains　5.collection
6.settled
维度二
1.suitable　2.collections　3.mildly　4.Containing　5.financial
6.poisonous　7.construction　8.varieties
维度三
1.some of which are famous
2.is suitable to live in
3.What attracts me most is the natural beauty
4.with my best friend hand in hand
5.settle down in Yunnan in the future
维度四
1.biggest　2.are　3.meaning　4.Historically　5.into　6.majority
7.whom　8.a　9.donated　10.its
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名新泽西警察接住从阳台上掉下来的婴儿的故事。
1.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 that a man was threatening the baby及第三段中的Officials said the man dropped the baby after a long negotiation with the officers leader可知，这个婴儿的生命受到威胁，此处表示这个婴儿被悬挂在阳台外（随时会掉下来）。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的to the relief of everyone present， Matute caught the child on the spot可知，在场的人对这个婴儿的获救如释重负。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的Thankfully the baby wasn’t harmed physically可知，这个婴儿身体上没受到伤害。
4.C　标题归纳题。根据第一段的主题句A New Jersey police officer safely caught a one-month-old baby dropped off a second-floor balcony over the weekend 及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一名新泽西警察救下一个婴儿的故事。因此C项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作为一座国际化大都市，伦敦是很多人向往的移民目的地。可是，要想移民伦敦，必须先过雅思考试这一关。
5.D　推理判断题。第一段先陈述伦敦具备多语种、多文化的特色，最后一句说明在这样一个国际化大都市里英语的重要作用。最后一句不但是第一段的核心句，而且起承上启下作用，因为下文主要讲述英语和雅思考试的重要性。
6.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“（掌握英语）不但是值得的”可以判断，后面应该强调掌握英语的重要性和必要性。
7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，Carl Rhymer认为，英语不但在英国国内得到发展，而且在其他国家和地区也得到发展。
8.B　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，科学家和成功的商人可以无需雅思成绩进入伦敦；根据最后一段可知，去英国留学雅思5分的成绩就可以去，而医生则需要8到9分的雅思成绩。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Nate Carroll今年45岁，是三个孩子的父亲，可是他打破了一项做俯卧撑的世界纪录。文章讲述了他这样做的目的以及他是如何完成目标的。
9.A　事实上，Nate Carroll创造了一项新的世界纪录。
10.D　Nate Carroll在一年内完成了超过150万个俯卧撑。
11.A　Nate Carroll是在2020年6月14日开始他的这一挑战的。launch意为“开始从事；发起”。
12.B　下文列举了Nate Carroll做俯卧撑的两个目的。
13.C　Nate Carroll的第一个目的是通过树立榜样告诉孩子们坚持的重要性。
14.B　Nate Carroll给孩子们树立的是一个积极上进的榜样。
15.D　另外，Nate Carroll还致力于为一个慈善机构筹款。devote one’s time to doing sth表示“某人花时间致力于做某事”。
16.A　Nate Carroll每天上班，还要在百忙中抽出时间做几千个俯卧撑。busy schedule表示“繁忙的日程安排”。
17.B　Nate Carroll对《威斯康星州报》的记者说：“每天抽出时间集中做4，000个俯卧撑是不可能的。” set aside表示“抽出时间”。
18.B　Nate Carroll接着说：“你需要接受这样一个事实——你必须将做俯卧撑穿插到每天的日常活动中。”
19.A　为了夺得“吉尼斯世界纪录”这一称号，Nate Carroll每天都要对自己的俯卧撑进行记录。claim此处意为“获得；赢得”。
20.D　Nate Carroll每天都要对自己所做的俯卧撑进行认真记录。
21.C　Nate Carroll坚持做俯卧撑长达一年时间，这是一段艰辛的旅程。
22.D　Nate Carroll认为我们首先要确立一个目标，然后全力以赴去达成目标。achieve/attain/reach a goal是固定搭配。
23.A　当我们面对一些挫折和困难时，找借口放弃是一件很方便的事。
Ⅲ.
Dear Henry，
　　On behalf of my class， I’m writing to invite you to give us a talk on British and American culture.
　　As a matter of fact， almost all the students in my class are interested in British and American culture.Why？ This is based on a simple fact： a language is rooted in a culture and is closely related to a culture.Without understanding a culture behind a language， one can never expect to learn it well.That is to say， we must get a better understanding of British and American culture to learn English well.
　　I do hope you’ll accept our invitation.I’m looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅳ.
　　The next day， the children excitedly waited for his visit.The table was set with cups and dishes.The delicious smell of apple pies filled the house.As he entered the kitchen， his eyes were filled with tears.Pulling up a chair， he immediately seemed at home， and we watched with amazement as he ate up half the pies.“Your pies taste a lot better than mine！” he commented.I smiled and offered him a few tips on making pies.
　　The next day， we found a basket sitting on the step.Inside were several rosy apples.I made another pie that night.As the days passed， Mr Locket became a daily visitor to our active home.In his quiet and gentle way， he made himself popular with each child.I loved to look around the kitchen door and watch as he sat in our big chair with my children beside him， looking up at him with full attention as he read a children’s book or told a story.
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jerry Morrison是一个6岁的男孩，受到叔叔的影响，他热爱太空并志在太空。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Jerry Morrison之所以经常和叔叔见面，是因为他们有共同的兴趣爱好。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，Jerry Morrison的梦想是到达比火星更远的系外行星，比叔叔的梦想更加远大。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第八、九段可知，Jerry Morrison去年在自己的学校给其他孩子上了一节关于太阳系行星的课，这让他感到非常自豪。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Joey Jefferson听到侄子的感谢后，不但不居功，而且说侄子也教给他很多东西，可见他非常谦虚。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章列举了太空研究的好处，如提供衍生技术以及带来直接的经济效益等。
5.B　写作手法题。根据第二段中的 Actually， the money goes to workers and scientists 和 goes to major companies that play important roles 可知， 事实上，钱花在了工作人员和科学家以及在美国经济中起重要作用的公司身上。由此可知，第二段主要就美国航空业的花费进行了分析和说明。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，救生颌的作用是挽救出车祸的人。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及最后一段内容可知，作者认为太空探索有很多好处。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。表情符号在网络上无处不在。它们为什么受到人们的广泛欢迎呢？
8.G　上句提到表情符号的演绎和发展，而G项追溯了其源头，故G项符合语境。
9.E　下句提到表情符号进入了纽约现代艺术博物馆，这说明它们被人们视为艺术，故E项符合语境。
10.A　下文解释了人们喜欢表情符号的原因，因此But why？前必然是陈述了此事实，故A项符合语境。
11.D　上句指出人们跟自己喜欢的表情符号会有某种关联，也就是说，我们选择的表情符号会反映我们的性格。故D项符合语境。
12.F　上句提到在英国最受欢迎的表情符号包括“喜极而泣”“飞吻”和“红心”，这显然说明英国人还是很浪漫的。故F项符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.launched　2.astronauts　3.signal　4.disappointed
5.independent　6.determined　7.desire　8.mankind
维度二
1.has been launched　2.disappointed； to explore　3.on
4.independently　5.to give　6.Determined　7.working
维度三
1.determined to study harder
2.so as to/in order to keep healthy
3.That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job
4.be independent and become truly successful
5.in the hope of offering you some practical tips
6.not only broadened my horizons but also appreciated
维度四
1.determined　2.finding　3.exploring　4.parts　5.that/which
6.on　7.to explore　8.has made　9.independently　10.the
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，Rutherford完成了独自环球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可知，Rutherford应该是激动的、兴奋的。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires可知，Rutherford因为野火太猛烈不得不在加利福尼亚停留。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.等内容可知，本段的目的是增加一些背景信息。
4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空之旅离我们越来越近了。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the rise of private space companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience space可知，民营航天业的崛起，将使得人们未来的太空之旅变得越来越容易。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的space tourism is a way to demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general public可知，作者很看好未来太空旅游业，他认为太空旅游将是安全和可靠的。
7.B　推理判断题。第四段指出，太空旅游对速度和高度都要求很高，成本也极其高昂；第五段提出另一种比较便宜可行的方案——亚轨道发射。由此可以判断，它必然是为了降低成本而降低了发射标准。
8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，虽然Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic这两家公司的票价也很高昂，但是与Dennis Tito 2001年的票价相比较就低得多了。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
9.A　上文提出了一些有关工作重负的问题，下文说很多职业经理人都面临这样的问题，A项正好承上启下。
10.D　上文作者指出有解决问题的方案，下文应该具体说明该方案的内容，故D项符合语境。
11.F　上文建议我们应该更多地关注结果，F项是针对“结果”的进一步说明。
12.C　上段列举了人们有关“投入与产出”的吃惊发现，下文在介绍80/20定律，C项正好引出此话题。
13.G　上文解释了80/20定律，G项是对此定律的进一步解释和说明。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
14.D　根据上文语境可知，机舱变暗可能是因为人们在休息。
15.C　根据上文中的Wake up！ Oh， help！可知，此处指有人大喊求救。
16.B　根据下文His head was back， his mouth open.可知，老太太当时吓坏了。
17.A　根据语境可知，老太太的丈夫可能失去了意识，所以对她没有作出回应。
18.C　根据下文可知，这时作者应该是给老太太的丈夫做快速检查。
19.B　根据下文中的I sat on the arm ...his pulse可知，作者是在给老太太的丈夫把脉。
20.A　根据上文中的breathing regularly可知，此时老人的呼吸正常，所以应该是呼吸时不费力气。
21.D　根据上文可知，作者现在仍然在给老人检查脉搏。
22.A　这里是说老人之前无疾病史。
23.B　根据上文中的It had been a good holiday， but可知，旅行很愉快，但是也令人疲惫。
24.C　此时是在飞机上，所以有情况应是汇报给飞行员。
25.D　根据下文可知，飞行员告诉作者，要么20分钟后降落，要么2个小时后降落，所以此处应是在20分钟后。
26.D　根据上文可推测，此处指继续飞行2个小时在多伦多降落。
27.A　参见上题解析。
28.B　根据下文中的remain in good health for years to come可知，老人对自己在未来岁月保持健康充满希望。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月的故事。
29.landed　本句时间状语为On 20 July 1969，应用一般过去时。故填landed。
30.stepping　本空前面是介词of，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。故填stepping。
31.Carefully　本空所填词修饰谓语动词climbed，应用副词形式。故填Carefully。
32.to　give sth thought/give thought to sth是固定搭配，表示“认真考虑某事”。故填to。
33.would be heard　此处表示从过去看将来，另外他的话“将被听到”，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be heard。
34.listening　本空所填词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；由于表示主动概念，应用动词-ing形式。故填listening。
35.was　本句主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
36.It　这里填入It，表示前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。
37.where　这里应用从属连词where引导地点状语从句。
38.footprints　footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的Those footprints亦是提示。故填footprints。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.To win　2.to be repaired　3.to watch　4.to face　5.to do
6.to be told　7.to do　8.To save　9.To realise　10.to be held
11.to express　12.to win　13.to be informed
维度二
1.to make new friends
2.to attend the opening ceremony
3.to visit my grandparents
4.To help the students to learn English better
5.There are still many problems to be solved
6.I am writing to apply to become a volunteer
维度三
1.to buy　2.to read　3.to get　4.to try　5.to follow　6.to find
7.to find　8.to get　9.Hearing/Having heard　10.to buy
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当Latorre-Suarez看到国际空间站从天上飞过时，她对太空产生了浓厚的兴趣。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目标是保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全，使他们远离危险。
3.A　推理判断题。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全体教师）.为本段的主旨句。下文提到的关于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的内容是对本句的解释说明。由此可知，本段解释了Latorre-Suarez选择佛罗里达大学的原因。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez认为探索太空可以帮助我们提高技术，更好地认识地球，同时也可以为以后更加深入的太空探索作好准备。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，研究人员是通过对比不同的数据进行研究的。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，“健康工作者效应”显示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的问题，即有工作的人身体更健康。
7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Reynolds说的话可知，如果这些宇航员当初没有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他们的健康状况是否与现在相同。要想完成这项研究，则需要找到在这几个重要因素上具有对照性的群体。由此推断，这项研究很难进行下去。
8.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明，太空辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。因此A项（宇航员——健康与否）适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四种方法和建议。
9.A　上句提到一些背单词的好方法，本句接着建议我们“选择适合自己的一种或多种方法”，故A项符合语境。
10.C　下句建议我们在背单词时大脑中想象一些图画，故C项（这里强调具有暗示性的图画）符合语境。
11.D　上句指出英语中很多单词词义相互有联系，这里进一步说明其原因是很多词汇具有相同的词根，故D项符合语境。
12.F　本段强调书写对于我们记忆单词时的巨大帮助，故F项（书写可以将单词深深地植入我们的大脑）符合语境。
13.G　本段建议我们通过制作卡片背单词，故G项（卡片的一边写单词，另一边写词义）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
14.B　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上捡到一个钱包。
15.B　Laurie Fenby在钱包里发现了一个牙买加驾照和一些现金。
16.C　Laurie Fenby尝试了所有常用的方法，去确定失主的位置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的准确位置或地点”。
17.A　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby没有通过Google或Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒劳的。in vain表示“无结果地； 徒劳地”。
18.D　然后Laurie Fenby通过Nextdoor网站向网友征求意见。
19.C　有一位女士建议Laurie Fenby跟一家商店联系，那家商店有一些牙买加人顾客。
20.A　Laurie Fenby听从了那位女士的建议，给那家商店打了电话。
21.B　失主George打来了电话，能够正确说出钱包里的物品。identify表示“确认、证明某人或某事”。
22.C　Laurie Fenby关心地问George和其他移民工人需要什么。
23.C　听了George的答复后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社区联系，组织了一场募集衣服的活动。
24.A　活动发起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、运动衫和鞋等。
25.D　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人见了面。
26.A　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他们一起摘苹果。
27.D　由于Laurie Fenby不仅归还了George的钱包，而且还帮助了其他工人，因此他们对她非常感激。
28.A　对George来说，丢失钱包结果是塞翁失马，坏事变成了好事。turn out 表示“结果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞翁失马；因祸得福”。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出了建议。
29.has brought　根据So far可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语the Internet为第三人称单数。故填has brought。
30.However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和上文构成转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以应用副词however或nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
31.responsibly　修饰动词use应用副词。故填responsibly。
32.to trust　“疑问词＋to do”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。此处在句中作介词about的宾语。故填to trust。
33.including　your personal information包括your phone number， address and email account，故填介词including。
ments　comment意为“评论”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以应用复数形式。故填comments。
35.the　名词way被定语从句you would like to be treated修饰，所以是特指。故填the。
36.are　主语the majority of online users为复数，且此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。故填are。
37.uncomfortable　根据上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此处是指可能有一些用户让你在网上感到不舒服，所以应用形容词作系动词feel的表语。故填uncomfortable。
38.as　the same as意为“与……相同”，为固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处是指在网络中的关系和现实生活中的关系是相同的。故填as。
Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
基础知识自测
维度一
1.astronaut　2.gravity　3.recycle　4.muscle　5.otherwise
6.oxygen　7.sufficient　8.arguing
维度二
1.independence　2.Having　3.global　4.Lacking　5.recycled　6.regularly　7.limited　8.solutions
维度三
1.attach great importance to exploring space
2.provide the world with many different benefits
3.are our resources on Earth limited but they are also running out
4.argue against space exploration
5.Exploring space may result in
维度四
1.exploring　2.are orbiting　3.useful　4.As　5.to grow
6.advanced　7.and　8.an　9.rapidly　10.that/which
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过医疗以及交通这两个领域，说明人工智能比人类具有很多优势。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在未来，人工智能医生将会为数十亿人提供医疗服务，尤其是现在还无法享受医疗服务的穷人。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，作者主要通过列数字的方式来说明人工驾驶存在的问题以及无人驾驶汽车的优势。
3.D　推理判断题。第三段指出，每年（全球）死于交通事故的人数是125万；第四段接着指出，无人驾驶汽车将会减少90%的交通事故伤亡人数。由此可推知，如果使用无人驾驶汽车，每年将挽救大约100万人的生命。
4.C　推理判断题。最后一段作者得出结论：为了保护人类工作而阻止自动化（人工智能）的应用是不明智的，我们应该保护人类，而非工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。美国民营航天公司正在快速发展，其中最有代表性的两家公司是SpaceX和Boeing。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The US government continued to work closely with start-ups and space businesses和helped by governments declaring them “essential businesses”可知，美国政府与民营航天公司既密切合作，又大力支持。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，之所以说SpaceX公司创造了历史，是因为它的Crew Dragon载人宇宙飞船首次将人送往太空。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段和第七段可知，SpaceX公司的Crew Dragon载人宇宙飞船已经将宇航员送往太空，而Boeing公司的Starliner飞船首次试飞失败。由此可推知，Starliner落后于Crew Dragon。
8.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要以SpaceX和Boeing这两家民营航天公司为例，说明美国民营航天公司正在快速发展。因此D项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，说明亲情的可贵。
9.A　根据下文to include relatives stopping by可知，家里的餐桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访的亲戚。
10.A　根据空前parents got home after dinner or even可知，此处和上文形成递进关系，即父母会在晚饭时间之后才回家，甚至是一整个晚上都不回家。
11.B　这里表示作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的陪伴家人的时光。
12.D　根据上文的quality time可知， 餐桌见证了作者人生中无数珍贵的时刻。
13.A　作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此，这里表示“但是，我的孩子们并不能对我童年的回忆感同身受”。
14.B　全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这个话题展开，所以这里指“吃饭”。
15.D　根据下文we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime可推断，作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。
16.B　当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时，就会打乱家中的平衡。
17.C　联系上文可知，作者因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。
18.B　根据下文chat， bedtime reading和“big breakfast” routine every Saturday可知，作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过亲子时光。
19.D　根据上文there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with my family可知，有时候作者无法和家人一起用餐，所以会努力去弥补失去的亲子时光。
20.C　根据语境可知，作者会有意识地收起手机，避免外界的干扰。
21.D　这让作者发现与孩子的睡前阅读时光变得更加美好。
22.A　根据空前My husband serves as the head chef可知，作者的丈夫作为主厨，儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。
23.C　最后一段作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离开家。
Ⅲ.
　　With the successful launch of Tianwen 1 and Chang’e 6， a space craze has been sweeping across the whole country.Without doubt， the latest craze reflects people’s curiosity about and interest in the magical universe.
　　Why do we explore the universe？ For one thing， the ability to explore the outer space is a part of a country’s comprehensive national strength， which can greatly improve its international status and influence.For another， we can use scientific and technological achievements of space exploration to serve the interests of people around the world.As President Xi Jinping said，“To explore the vast universe， develop the space industry and build China into a space power is a dream we have always been pursuing.”
Ⅳ.
　　Karl looked at the blank name line for a moment.He knew his plan wouldn’t be Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
维度一：品句填词
1.The woman tripped over， 　　　　　　（洒） hot coffee everywhere.
2.It was a touching story that moved many of us to 　　　　　　（泪水）.
3.The night before the test I was overcome by fear and 　　　　　　（绝望）.But my mother encouraged me to face it bravely.
4.He pulled the boy out of the pool with all his 　　　　　　（力量）.
5.Every year there are many 　　　　　　（事故） caused by setting off firecrackers.
6.　　　　　　 （咬） by a snake in the bush， Susan was soon sent back to the hospital.
7.American students have a more f　　　　　　 schedule to do part-time jobs.
8.T　　　　　　， I’d like to be your guide and show you around our city.
维度二：词形转换
1.The children stood in a row， each 　　　　　　（hold） a bunch of flowers.
2.Such 　　　　　　（harm） things as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes.
3.Chinese subway trains are 　　　　　　（export） to the developed countries including the United States.
4.After dressing up， he sat close to his friend， 　　　　　　　　（whisper） something to him.
5.It is with your 　　　　　　（assist） that I will make full preparations for the meeting.
维度三：话题写作之寓言故事
1.　　　　　　　　　　　 by a fable titled “The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains”.
曾经我被一个名为“愚公移山”的寓言故事感动得流泪。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， Yu Gong and his families decided to move them away.
两座山挡住了他们的路，愚公和他的家人们决定移走它们。
3.Every day， he and his sons 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
每天，他和儿子们都花大量的时间做这项工作。
4.He said even though he 　　　　　　　　　　， his descendants would continue the job.
他说，即使他去世了，他的子孙后代们也会继续下去。
5.I learn that we young generation 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我明白了，我们年轻一代都需要他的那种决心和毅力。
维度四：课文语法填空
　　There once lived a king with the belief that 1.　　　　 nation whose people only expect others to solve their problems wouldn’t have a bright future.Early one morning， the 2.　　　　　　 （disguise） king went to a village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street 3.　　　　 hid gold coins under the stone.After that， he hid behind a huge maple tree， watching what would happen.
　　The first person down the street crashed into the stone and 4.　　　　　　 （angry） went away.Although several 5.　　　　　　 （passer-by） tripped over the stone， none of them stopped 6.　　　　　　 （move） the stone out of the way.Instead， they complained and left the stone where it was.
　　Just as the king was in despair， a young girl came.Though 7.　　　　　　 （tire） out， she managed to move it to the side of the street because she thought the stone was a danger to anyone 8.　　　　　　 （come） down the street.To her surprise， she saw the gold coins where the stone 9.　　　　　　　　　　 （place）.At that time， the king stepped out 10.　　　　　　 behind the tree， told the girl everything and asked her to keep the coins， for she was worth the award.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）In June 2019， Steve Wilson was going on a bike ride.Like many of us often do， he checked his phone beforehand， and saw a moving post about his friend’s daughter Linda.“She was a junior in high school at the time， she just received a life-saving kidney （肾） from a woman in town，” Wilson told CBS News.“And they didn’t even know this woman till they made the request for their daughter.”
　　“So， I became emotional.I just thought that is the coolest thing，” said Wilson， who lives in Westchester， N.Y.“I took a long bike ride and I kept thinking， ‘I would love to do something like that one day.’”
　　After seeing the post， Wilson selflessly decided to become a living donor himself， donating a kidney， while he was alive， to someone he didn’t know.
　　“I knew it would go to someone.It eventually went to someone across the country，” Wilson said.“They took my kidney to the airport and flew it out to the West Coast.” He said he still doesn’t know the person who received his kidney and he probably never will， which he’s fine with.He just wanted it to change somebody’s life， he said.
　　Going through an operation may seem frightening， but Wilson says all it takes is two weeks of your life for recovery.And to prove that it isn’t burdensome， Wilson and his fellow living donors finished an even harder mission： Summiting （登上） Mount Kilimanjaro.
　　“I do think that having that purpose made it a little bit easier.But there were some people — and I was one of them — that really plowed hard to get through.And the purpose behind it was the reason you just kept going，” Wilson said.
　　The team reached the summit on 10 March — symbolically， World Kidney Day.As for whether the climb to encourage living donations was worth it， Wilson said he inspired at least his friends to consider becoming living donors， but he thinks the Kilimanjaro summit could have inspired countless others.
1.What made Steve Wilson decide to donate his kidney？（　　）
A.His past life experience.
B.His friend’s suggestions.
C.The woman’s noble behaviour.
D.The request from Linda’s parents.
2.Why did Steve Wilson choose to climb Mount Kilimanjaro？（　　）
A.To show his bravery.
B.To display his strength.
C.To inspire people to donate kidneys.
D.To inspire people to conquer difficulties.
3.Which of the following can best describe Steve Wilson？（　　）
A.Generous and caring.
B.Smart and hard-working.
C.Outgoing and humorous.
D.Ambitious and adventurous.
4.What would be the best title for the text？（　　）
A.A Sick Girl and a Kind-hearted Woman
B.A Kidney Donor and an Unknown Receiver
C.Donating a Kidney After Climbing a Mountain
D.Conquering a Mountain After Donating a Kidney
B
　　（2024·邯郸十校高一下联考）Victorian education minister James Merlino’s announcement that mobile phones will be banned for all students at state primary and secondary schools is certainly a brave move.
　　The policy has come as a direct response to mounting levels of cyberbullying， concerns over distractions and schools struggling with discipline relating to students’ misuse of phones.
　　Students will have to switch off their phones and store them in lockers from the start of the school day until the final bell.In case of an emergency， parents or guardians can reach their children by calling the school.
　　Whether to allow students to use mobile phones in school is certainly a hot topic in education.The Victorian announcement follows a French government ban on mobiles in school.Debates on the issue are also taking place in Denmark， Sweden and the United Kingdom.
　　There is considerable public support for banning mobiles.In our recently conducted survey of more than 2，000 Australian adults， nearly 80% supported a ban on mobile phones in classrooms.Just under one-third supported a complete ban from schools altogether.
　　But while banning phones from classrooms， and from schools altogether， might seem sensible， there are a number of reasons to be cautious.It’s clear we need to carefully consider how we want to make use of digital devices being brought into schools.But previous experience， such as in New York， suggests a complete ban might introduce even more problems.Experience from elsewhere suggests enforcing （实施） a mobile ban in schools may not be as easy as it sounds.
　　The New South Wales government announced a review into the benefits and risks of mobile phone use in schools in June.At the review’s completion， the government said it would only ban mobile phones from the state’s primary schools， leaving secondary schools free to make their own choice.
　　Another example is the ban enforced in New York City from 2006， which was eventually lifted in 2015.The reasons given for this change highlighted several of the concerns the new ban in Victoria will likely face.They include practical difficulties of enforcing a ban in the classroom.
5.What led to the new policy in Victoria？（　　）
A.Some scientific studies.
B.Some parents’ requests.
C.Some existing problems.
D.Some leaders’ suggestions.
6.What does the author want to show about students’ using mobile phones in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Mobile phones do harm to students.
B.Mobile phones benefit students greatly.
C.Many schools are faced with the issue.
D.Many schools have banned mobile phones.
7.What attitude did most Australian adults take towards a complete ban of mobile phones at school？（　　）
A.Supportive. B.Ambiguous.
C.Doubtful. D.Negative.
8.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A.It’s very difficult to ban mobile phones at school.
B.A mobile ban will be carried out in American schools.
C.Mobile phones will be banned in all Australian schools.
D.It’s easier to carry out a mobile ban at secondary schools.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·六盘水高一下质检）André was born in a poor family in Guatemala.In Guatemala， less than 1 percent of kids have 　9　 to a university education.Yet André always had this unusual desire to go to college.
　　André 　10　 the goal to go to one of the best universities in Guatemala City.Everybody told him： “Come on， André.That is a（n） 　11　 dream.”
　　But André was focused.There was just one problem： He had no 　12　.So André got creative.“I 　13　 about fifteen embassies in Guatemala and asked if they had any scholarships.None of them did.”
　　When none of his 　14　 worked， André took the admissions exams to the three best universities in Guatemala City， hoping that if he did well， something good might happen.
　　One of the schools he 　15　 is Francisco Marroquín University （UFM）.An admissions officer， Mónica， 　16　：
　　“My team and I were so 　17　 with André that at the end of the 　18　 we told him，‘André， you are accepted.’
　　“I 　19　 him saying，‘Oh， thanks， now I can go back to my small village and tell everybody about the news 　20　.But you must know that I can’t 　21　 it， so you can use my space to accept someone else.’
　　“‘Don’t worry， André.You will be the first one 　22　 into our new scholarship program， and it will pay for everything.Congratulations！’
　　“André could have 　23　 about all the obstacles he faced.Instead he focused on the things he could control — his attitude and his goal.”
9.（　） A.condition　　　 B.access
C.situation D.honour
10.（　） A.put B.make
C.set D.reach
11.（　） A.impossible B.interesting
C.practical D.popular
12.（　） A.support B.chance
C.action D.money
13.（　） A.called for B.called up
C.called on D.called off
14.（　） A.dreams B.friends
C.goals D.methods
15.（　） A.looked for B.allowed for
C.applied to D.referred to
16.（　） A.recalls B.suggests
C.insists D.demands
17.（　） A.familiar B.curious
C.concerned D.impressed
18.（　） A.exam B.interview
C.contest D.meeting
19.（　） A.remember B.imagine
C.indicate D.remind
20.（　） A.gradually B.casually
C.proudly D.regularly
21.（　） A.afford B.receive
C.confirm D.determine
22.（　） A.requested B.invited
C.accepted D.refused
23.（　） A.complained B.heard
C.argued D.commented
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以The Virtue I Value Most为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
　　1.你最珍视的美德是什么；
　　2.说明原因；
　　3.呼吁大家发扬这一美德。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Virtue I Value Most
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　The concept of comfort zone refers to a psychological state in which we feel safe and do not experience anxiety or fear.It is a “space” that we know completely and in which we control almost everything.
　　Your comfort zone represents things you’re familiar with， your regular haunts， friends you’re at ease with， and activities you love doing.Your comfort zone’s risk free.It’s easy.It doesn’t cause you to stretch.Within these boundaries， we feel safe and secure.
　　During my senior year in college， I was short of a few credits， and so I skimmed through the class schedule looking for something to fill the hours.When I came across “Private Voice Instruction”， as in singing lessons， I thought， “Why not step outside my comfort zone and give it a try？”
　　I was careful to sign up for private lessons instead of group lessons because I didn’t want to make a fool of myself by singing in front of other students.
　　Things went fine until the end of the semester when my singing professor brought the shocking news.“By the way， Sean， have you decided which song you want to sing at the recital？” “What do you mean？” I asked in horror.
　　“Well， the class requirements state that you have to sing at least one time in front of the other private voice students.”
　　“That would not be a good idea，” I said emphatically.
　　“Oh， it’s no big deal.You’ll do fine.”
　　Well， to me it was a huge deal.The thought of singing in front of a group made me physically sick.“How am I going to get out of this one？” I thought.But I couldn’t allow myself to do that because I had been speaking to various groups over the past year advising them to never let fears make their decisions.Now ...I was up to bat.
　　“Courage， Sean.” I kept rehearsing in my mind.“You’ve got to at least try.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　That frightening day finally arrived.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　I left the classroom as if a heavy load had been lifted.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
维度一：品句填词
1.The committee will 　　　　　　（发表） their report on the health service in a few weeks.
2.In the past four 　　　　　　（十年）， China has improved the living standards of the ordinary people.
3.Don’t waste your 　　　　　　（宝贵的） time by chatting online all day long.
4.When asked about the clinic’s future， the physician 　　　　　　（回复） that he remained optimistic.
5.Caring for the elderly is a traditional 　　　　　（美德）， which will contribute to a harmonious society.
6.I am writing with the aim of c　　　　　　　　 about the terrible service of the insurance company.
7.In the past decade， Huawei company has h　　　　 thousands of technical experts.
8.I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who t　　　　　　 my mother in the hospital.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.Public attitudes towards 　　　　　　（marry） have changed over the past 50 years.
2.People should make significant changes to their daily routines in 　　　　　　（respond） to serious air pollution.
3.　　　　　 （scare） to death， my colleague didn’t know how to deal with the whole horrible matter.
4.During the last ten years， the number of people taking part in physical fitness programmes has been increasing 　　　　　　（sharp）.
5.There is a growing 　　　　　　（tend） for people to work at home instead of in offices.
6.My grandfather is as 　　　　　　（energy） as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
7.When it comes to education， I believe that nothing is 　　　　　　　　　　（important） than making our kids competitive in the 21st century.
8.Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the 　　　　　　（appoint） time.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We are quite pleased to hear that 　　　　　　　　　　　captain of your school football team.
获悉你已被任命为你们学校足球队的队长我们非常高兴。
2.It was my headteacher’s encouragement and trust 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
正是我的班主任的鼓励和信任帮助我渡过了生活和学习中的难关。
3.After that serious disease， I realise that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
那次严重的疾病之后，我意识到在生活中没有什么比健康更重要。
4.The ancient temple 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the past two hundred years.
这座古庙见证了过去两百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I make the following promises.
作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出如下承诺。
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Lin Qiaozhi， who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，1.　　　　　　　　 （know） as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， though she never got married.2.　　　　　　 （affect） by her mother’s death， Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3.　　　　 the age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.　　　　　　 （marry） like many other girls.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College， she was hired as a resident physician.5.　　　　　　　　 （work） for a few years， she was sent to Europe and the US，6.　　　　　　 she rejected her colleagues’ offer to stay， but returned home.Though appointed 7.　　　　　　 （hold） many important positions， she was more interested in tending patients.She held the belief that doctors should be responsible 8.　　　　 the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she lay 9.　　　　　　 （die）， she was still thinking of others.This is Lin Qiaozhi， who devoted all her life to 10.　　　　　　 （help） the women and children in need of her help.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临汾高一下期末）In Fujian Province during the Northern Song Dynasty （960－1127） there lived a man called Yang Shi.He devoted his whole life to study， and to spreading his ideas and theories.At that time， the brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi， famous scholars in the capital， Luoyang， were teachers of the Way of Confucius and Mencius.
　　When Yang Shi heard of them， instead of going to where an official post had been assigned to him， he made his way to Luoyang and became Cheng Hao’s student.When Yang Shi finished his studies and left for home， Cheng Hao said with satisfaction， “My ideas are finally being spread in the south.” Four years later， Cheng Hao died and Yang Shi was extremely sad.
　　Later， Yang Shi made his way once more to Luoyang， where he asked Cheng Yi， Cheng Hao’s younger brother， to be his teacher.He wanted to make further progress in his studies.At that time Yang Shi was over forty years old， and a pretty well-known scholar， but he was very modest and respectful of teachers.
　　One day， Yang Shi and a fellow student， You Zuo， got into a dispute over a certain matter.Finding that they could not reconcile their differences， they decided to consult their teacher.
　　It happened to be the deep winter.When they reached Cheng Yi’s house they found him sitting by a stove meditating （冥想）.Yang Shi and his classmate did not dare to disturb their teacher， but stood respectfully outside the door waiting for him to wake up.
　　The snow fell relentlessly， thicker and thicker.After a long time， Cheng Yi came out of his reverie.He looked out of the window， to see the two men standing in a blizzard， covered in snow.The teacher hastily arose and ushered them inside.
　　Later， when Yang Shi had completed his study with Master Cheng Yi， he returned to the south and spread his teacher’s ideas.The story “Standing in the Snow at Cheng’s Door” became a fine tale transmitted from generation to generation advocating respect for teachers and for study.
1.What did Yang Shi do before he became Cheng Hao’s student？（　　）
A.He learned from Cheng Yi.
B.He gave up an official post.
C.He paid a visit to Cheng Yi.
D.He spread Cheng Yi’s ideas.
2.What does the underlined word “reconcile” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Settle. B.Notice.
C.Identify. D.Explain.
3.How did Cheng Yi probably feel when he saw his two students？（　　）
A.Surprised and moved.
B.Satisfied and delighted.
C.Confused and doubtful.
D.Disappointed and curious.
4.What message does this story intend to convey？（　　）
A.Always have a thirst for knowledge.
B.Keep learning from different teachers.
C.Acquire as much knowledge as possible.
D.Show respect for teachers and knowledge.
B
　　（2024·兰州高一下质检）What’s really behind the global rise in working longer and longer hours？We are all workers， whether we work in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as housewives at home.
　　The important message is： Work is for man and not man for work！Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk， CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This has really come at the expense of seeing my kids and seeing friends，” he added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if you were Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
5.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The value of working.
B.The purpose of working.
C.The necessity of working long.
D.The importance of working hard.
6.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A.To prove CEOs work harder.
B.To show CEOs are very busy.
C.To show working long is common.
D.To prove working long is rewarding.
7.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
A.It’s valuable.　　 　B.It’s harmful.
C.It’s necessary. D.It’s understandable.
8.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A.Very satisfied. B.Very confused.
C.A little surprised. D.A little disappointed.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·济宁高一下月考）Loneliness is commonly used to describe a negative emotional state.9.（　　） It is the pain we have felt following a break-up， perhaps the loss of a loved one， or a move away from home.
　　The unpleasant feelings of loneliness are subjective； researchers have found loneliness is not about the amount of time one spends with other people or alone.10.（　　） A lonely person feels that he or she is not understood by others， and may not think they hold meaningful relationships.
　　For some people， loneliness may be temporary and easily relieved.For others， loneliness cannot be easily resolved and can persist （持续） when one does not have access to people to connect with.
　　11.（　　） This makes it little different from hunger， thirst or physical pain， which signals the need to eat， drink or seek medical attention.
　　In modern societies， however， turning off the alarm signals for loneliness has become more difficult than satisfying hunger， thirst or the need to see the doctor.12.（　　）
　　Loneliness has largely been ignored as a condition of concern in mental health.Researchers have yet to fully understand the extent of how loneliness affects mental health.Most studies of loneliness and mental health have focused only on how loneliness relates to depression.
　　13.（　　） Loneliness refers specifically to negative feelings about the social world， while depression refers to a more general set of negative feelings.In a study that measured loneliness in older adults over a five-year period， loneliness predicted depression， but the reverse was not true.
A.Some people like to be alone.
B.They find it difficult to deal with loneliness.
C.Loneliness can be seen as a signal to connect with others.
D.Almost all of us have experienced loneliness at some point.
E.It is related more to quality of relationships， rather than quantity.
F.Although loneliness and depression are partly related， they are different.
G.For those who are not surrounded by people who care for them， loneliness can persist.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山西五校高一下联考）Trustworthiness means honesty， not cheating others， and meaning what one says.Many stories about honesty have been 　14　 from ancient China.
　　Zengzi， also called Zeng Shen， is 　15　 as one of the most well-known philosophers in China.Early one morning， Zengzi’s wife started out for the 　16　.Her small son， not wishing to be left behind， ran after her， crying.She tried to 　17　 to him that he was too young and the distance too long for him to 　18　 her to the market.She said，“If you wait for me at home， I will slaughter （屠宰） a pig and make a nice 　19　 of pork for you.” The child， hearing this， 　20　 his tears into a smile and went back to the house.
　　When Zengzi’s wife got back home she showed no 　21　 for a long time of slaughtering a pig.And so， Zengzi himself 　22　 to do so， when his wife rushed over to stop him， saying，“You shouldn’t take my word 　23　 — I only said that to quieten the child.”
　　Zengzi said， “It was 　24　 of you to behave like this.You must keep your word； even a little child must not be deceived.Children are like 　25　 sheets of paper and they learn everything from their 　26　 actions.Because you have deceived the boy， in the future he will deceive others.”
　　Hearing her husband’s explanation， Zengzi’s wife 　27　 having deceived the child， and she 　28　 Zengzi in slaughtering the pig， and then cooked a steaming dish of fragrant pork for the child.
14.（　）A.set down　　　　B.passed down
C.taken up D.looked over
15.（　）A.confirmed B.advocated
C.regarded D.imagined
16.（　）A.market B.restaurant
C.hotel D.village
17.（　）A.suggest B.explain
C.propose D.instruct
18.（　）A.protect B.imitate
C.support D.accompany
19.（　）A.dish B.feast
C.part D.offer
20.（　）A.changed B.controlled
C.replaced D.removed
21.（　）A.hope B.chance
C.sign D.scene
22.（　）A.demanded B.prepared
C.attempted D.requested
23.（　）A.carefully B.officially
C.naturally D.seriously
24.（　）A.strange B.wrong
C.typical D.interesting
25.（　）A.precious B.simple
C.familiar D.blank
26.（　）A.parents’ B.teachers’
C.friends’ D.brothers’
27.（　）A.avoided B.prevented
C.regretted D.imagined
28.（　）A.agreed B.joined
C.predicted D.reached
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）As man has a moral nature， to adhere to moral principles should be everyone’ s first 29.　　　　　　 （consider）.Moral principles are more important than all other things， including position， wealth， even life.Confucius said，“Wealth and high position 30.　　　　　　 （desire） by all men， but I would not have them if they were not won in the right way.Poverty and low position are hated by all men， 31.　　　　　　 I would not leave them if they could not be rid of in the right way.”
　　Confucius gave very clear explanations to the meaning of humanity： It means to love other men， to help others to stand up， and not to impose （强加） on others 32.　　　　　 they do not desire themselves.
　　Confucius himself loved other men.At that time when social classes 33.　　　　　　 （be） distinct， he accepted as students people 34.　　　　　　 all levels of society and taught all of them.In 35.　　　　　　 （teach） his students， Confucius was in fact helping them to stand up （succeed） and understand things （the truth）.
　　In connection with humanity， Confucius mentioned many other 36.　　　　　　 （virtue）， such as rightness， propriety， wisdom， trustworthiness， loyalty， forbearance， filial piety and brotherly love.He called a man 37.　　　　　　 had virtues a gentleman and a man who was not virtuous a mean man.A virtuous man is always open and sincere， ready to help other men， free from worries and fears， and at peace with 38.　　　　　　 （he） and the world.
5 / 6　 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·沧州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker
Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the virtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
　　The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao， had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered， and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to do it.”
　　This is an example of benevolence.
　　This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of benevolence and love for others.
1.What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Gave out.　　　　　　B.Took over.
C.Turned down. D.Put forward.
2.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（　　）
A.To occupy Jingzhou.
B.To give up Xiangyang.
C.To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D.To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
3.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（　　）
A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.
C.Confused. D.Disappointed.
4.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A.To make a summary.
B.To offer a suggestion.
C.To add a supplement.
D.To provide an example.
B
　　（2024·南京高一下质检）Dwayne Johnson said this week he returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy when he was a teenager.
　　In an Instagram post， the star explained that his family was “broke as hell” when he was living on the island and， for nearly a year when he was 14， he would steal a Snickers （士力架） bar from the store on the way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he couldn’t afford to buy one.
　　He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just turned her head and never searched me”， but admitted that his actions had been weighing on his conscience （良心） for three decades.
　　Johnson documented the recent visit to the store， in which he emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar， bought them and then left the candy bars for any customers to take for free.
　　“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers， give them these so they don’t steal it，” Johnson told the store clerk.
　　He wrote that he realised the deed might seem “silly”， but every time he would come back home to Hawaii and drive by 7-Eleven， he always knew he “needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they had — the right way”.
　　Johnson racked up a bill of 298 and also tipped the clerk who had to count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working at the time.The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans while trying to film the visit.
　　Yes， we can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done， but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some stranger’s faces.
5.How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14？（　　）
A.Guilty. B.Worried.
C.Nervous. D.Confused.
6.Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars？（　　）
A.To thank the store clerk.
B.To realise his childhood dream.
C.To show he was wealthy enough.
D.To make up for his past behaviour.
7.What can we learn about Dwayne Johnson？（　　）
A.He was born into a rich family.
B.He was lazy when he was young.
C.He was responsible for his behaviour.
D.He was helped by the clerk in the past.
8.What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story？（　　）
A.Honesty is the best policy.
B.It’s never too late to mend.
C.What’s done cannot be undone.
D.Actions speak louder than words.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·重庆高一下月考）Do you want to speak fluent English？ We would simply advice you to think of the word CEK which stands for Change Attitude， Expose Yourself and Keep Talking.
　　Change Attitude： From our experience， this is the most common problem for anyone who wants to learn English.The point is that you should realise that your goal is to communicate with people in English.
　　9.（　　） Well， if you want to be， please skip this article immediately.So do not worry about 100% correct grammar.
　　It is acceptable for the beginner to say “he don’t know” instead of “he doesn’t know” as long as the listener understands what you are trying to communicate.10.（　　）
　　Expose Yourself： This step means to expose yourself to English environment.Of course， it is better if you could come to US or UK to study or learn English.11.（　　）
　　This is twenty-first century and English is already everywhere.Movies， music， newspapers， articles and hundreds of tourists who walk past you every day can be great learning sources.12.（　　）
　　Keep Talking： Whenever you have a chance to talk or to test your skills， just do it.As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.” 13.（　　）
　　Do not worry about making mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes， Tiger Woods， David Beckham， Madonna， etc.Who are you？ Come on.Let’s go out and create your own world of English.
A.Speaking is the most difficult part.
B.But I would say that you don’t have to.
C.Nothing is more important than hard work.
D.You can even assume situations and talk to yourself.
E.Just make the best of every opportunity to learn English.
F.You do not want to be an English professor or a professional translator.
G.At least it is less annoying for them to wait for you 1 minute to produce each perfect sentence.
2 / 3Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
维度一：基础题型练
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （teach） many times， he still looked puzzled.
2.What’s more， when 　　　　　　（enjoy） the meal， you need to avoid making a noise.
3.He had a wonderful childhood， 　　　　　　　（travel） with his mother to all corners of the world.
4.She was just about to sit down when she felt something 　　　　　　（move） near her feet.
5.　　　　　　　　　　 （finish） his homework， the little boy began to play Internet games.
6 Tom slowly walked away， 　　　　　　　　（complain） about the cold weather.
7.The mother had the boy 　　　　　　（clean） the room the whole afternoon.
8.Hurry up！ You shouldn’t keep your friends 　　　　　　（wait） for such a long time.
9.The teacher criticized him because he was caught 　　　　　　（cheat） on the exam.
10.　　　　　　 （hear） that you will come to China as an exchange student， I want to express a warm welcome to you.
11.What’s worse， some tourists even carved their names on the walls， 　　　　　　（make） me heartbroken.
12.　　　　　　 （know） that you are interested in Chinese folk music， I’d like to invite you to attend a concert.
13.The villagers saw the fire 　　　　　brightly in the distance.When they hurried there， they found some houses 　　　　　　to the ground already.（burn）
维度二：语法与写作
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I feel very proud.
得知你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我感到很骄傲。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， people’s awareness of environmental protection is raised.
随着时间的流逝，人们的环保意识提高了。
3.Families will enjoy mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Day， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
每家每户都会在中秋节吃月饼，并一起赏月。
4.On the bank of the river， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　， with his eyes fixed on a kite in the sky.
在河岸上，我们发现他躺在长凳上，眼睛盯着空中的风筝。
5.The scientist is explaining how to do the experiment，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这位科学家正在解释如何做实验，很多学生围在他身边。
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we can get a wonderful view of the city.
从塔顶上看，我们可以一览这座城市的美景。
7.He suddenly woke up at midnight when he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在午夜当他听到有人敲门时，他突然醒来。
8.You can’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你不能让你的儿子周末整天都待在家里学习。
维度三：语法与语篇
　　结合本单元所学语法，根据汉语提示完成下面语段。
　　On our way home， we 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （看到一个大树枝躺在马路上）.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （考虑到它可能会带来麻烦）， we decided to move it away.3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （在一些过路人的帮助下）， we succeeded in removing it.4.　　　　　　　　　　 （看到我们的所作所为）， many people applauded warmly.
维度四：语法填空
　　Mary Smith looked at the beautiful ripe plums （梅子）.They would make lovely jam.After she had finished 1.　　　　　　 （cook）， she filled all her empty jam jars， 2.　　　　　　 （leave） the rest of the jam in the pan.She would put it in the fridge when it was cooler.But just then the telephone rang.3.　　　　　　　　　　 （learn） that her mother was in hospital after a car accident， Mary picked up her bag and ran out of the house.
　　Some days later， her husband， John， came home from a business trip.He had been travelling all day and felt like 4.　　　　　　 （have） a drink and a piece of cake.5.　　　　　　 （enter） the kitchen， he saw a pan with a dark red mess inside it.He lifted it up and smelled it.It smelled horrible.6.　　　　　　 （think） Mary must have forgotten to clean this pan， he poured all the jam into the chicken yard and cleaned the pan.Then 7.　　　　　　 （feel） comfortable， he began to eat a piece of cake.
　　When Mary returned， she noticed the chickens 8.　　　　　　　　 （behave） strangely.They were running round the yard as if they were sick.She saw the dark red mess on the ground and went closer.9.　　　　　　 （see） a plum stone， she went into the kitchen.Her husband was at the table 10.　　　　　　 （read） a newspaper.Angrily， Mary rushed up to him shouting “You threw away my jam！” Her husband said，“I’m sorry， but I thought the porridge has gone bad in the hot weather.”
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·南京高一下质检）What do you want to keep and what do you want to let go？
　　Next week， total strangers will bring a truck to our door and take away everything we own， except the clothes on our backs， the car we will drive 500 miles to our new home， and as much stuff as we can pack in it.
　　It’s called moving.Some people do it often.For others， like me， it’s a rare and serious adventure.In all my adult years I’ve moved only three times.
　　My first husband and I moved into our first house with a bed， our clothes and a few wedding gifts.That was a lifetime ago.
　　Then the kids grew up， we lost their dad to cancer and I began to learn about letting go.
　　First， I let go of the illusion of being in control.Life isn’t about being in charge of what happens.It’s about being in charge of what we do with it.
　　Next， I let go of putting off until “tomorrow” things I care most about： keeping in touch， saying I love you， and being truly and fully aware and alive.
　　I let go of the kind of people who cling to anger or hatred， and tried instead to surround myself with those who shine with kindness and grace.
　　Finally， I let go of being alone.And then， when I fell in love， remarried and moved out of state with my new husband， I let go of more stuff than I kept.
　　We will all move someday from this world to the next.And we won’t need a truck to do it.We’ll take nothing with us and leave behind a memory of the life we lived， the mistakes we made， and all the love and kindness we tried to show.
1.What will happen to the author the next week？（　　）
A.She will sell her old furniture.
B.She will travel to a new place.
C.She will move to a new house.
D.She will decorate her old house.
2.What made the author begin to let go？（　　）
A.Her first wedding.
B.Her having cancer.
C.Her first husband’s death.
D.Her kids’ growing up.
3.What change did the author make to her life？（　　）
A.She got wealthier.
B.She became lonelier.
C.She bought more things.
D.She contacted others more.
4.What message does the author want to convey by writing the text？（　　）
A.Just learn to give up.
B.Value whatever you have.
C.Welcome the new change.
D.Possess as much as you can.
B
　　（2024·烟台高一下月考）A paradigm is the way you see something； it’s your point of view， frame of reference， or belief.Sometimes our paradigms are way off the mark， and， as a result， they create limitations.For instance， you may be convinced that you don’t have what it takes to get into college.But， remember Ptolemy was just as convinced that the Earth was the center of the universe.
　　And think about the teen who believes she can’t get along with her stepdad.If that is her paradigm， is she likely to ever get along with him？ Probably not， because that belief will hold her back from really trying.
　　Paradigms are like glasses.As a result， what you see is what you get.If you believe you’re dumb， that very belief will make you dumb.Or， if you believe your little sister is dumb， you’ll look for evidence to support your belief and find it， and she’ll remain dumb in your eyes.On the other hand， if you believe you’re smart， that belief will cast a rosy colour on everything you do.
　　A teen named Kristi once shared with me how much she loved the beauty of the mountains.One day she went to visit her eye doctor and， to her surprise， discovered that her sight was much worse than she had thought.After putting in her new contacts （隐形眼镜）， she was astonished at how well she could see.As she put it，“I realised that the mountains and trees and even the signs on the side of the road have more details than I had ever imagined.It was the strangest thing.I didn’t know how bad my eyes were until I experienced how good they could be.” That’s often the way it is.We don’t know how much we’re missing because we have messed up paradigms.
5.What does the underlined phrase “way off the mark” in the first paragraph probably mean？（　　）
A.Not popular. B.Not practical.
C.Not accurate. D.Not important.
6.What is the third paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The importance of our beliefs.
B.The problems with paradigms.
C.Our beliefs help us achieve more.
D.Our paradigms help us see better.
7.What made Kristi feel surprised？（　　）
A.That her eyes were so bad.
B.The clear views that she saw.
C.That her eyes are actually good.
D.The high quality of the new contacts.
8.What does the author intend to tell us by Kristi’s story？（　　）
A.We are limited by our paradigms.
B.Our success is based on great tools.
C.Paradigms can benefit us sometimes.
D.We can achieve more with some help.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）If you have got your driving license， congratulations！You have joined the millions of new drivers already behind the wheel.9.（　　） Don’t worry； these feelings are normal.
　　Here are a few tips to keep you safe.
　　Know your limits.When you were a kid and first learned how to ride a bike， you probably started out with the basics.10.（　　） As a new driver， the key is to make sure you are extra-careful and practicing safe driving habits.You might notice older friends and relatives doing something risky — like speeding up instead of slowing down at a yellow light.But when a new driver does it， it’s very dangerous.
　　11.（　　） This includes you and every passenger wearing a seatbelt at all times， coming to a complete stop at all red lights and stop signs， obeying speed limits， knowing when to yield （让路）， etc.
　　Avoid distractions.When you first start driving， it’s a good idea to avoid taking friends along with you.While you’re a new driver， driving with friends can be distracting and can increase the risk of a crash.12.（　　） Other things that can distract any driver include talking on the phone， eating， putting on make-up， and listening to loud music.And it should go without saying — no texting！
　　Know other people’s limits.You aren’t the only person you have to be responsible for on the road — there are aggressive and careless drivers of all ages and driving experiences.Their presence on the road means it’s not enough to make sure that you follow all the rules of the road.13.（　　）
A.Obey all traffic rules.
B.Be as careful as possible.
C.Driving a car can be similar indeed.
D.Always keep in mind that safety comes first.
E.You also have to watch out for people who don’t.
F.You’re probably feeling excited， nervous， or possibly scared.
G.With more experience， driving with friends can become less stressful.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·湖州高一下期末）If you had the choice of seeing the world by going on a trip or bettering the world by staying at home and focusing your energies there， which would it be？
　　The island of Islesboro 　14　 three miles off the mainland in America.　15　， Islesboro’s Central School seniors hold fund-raising events to finance a once-in-a-lifetime class 　16　 at the end of their final semester.Former student 　17　 include Paris， Iceland， Norway， and Panama.
　　The Class of 2024 had already 　18　 close to $8，000 in donations by the time their hopes of a journey to Asia were 　19　 by the travel restrictions.With their plans 　20　， the group decided to spend the money they’d earned a whole lot 　21　 to home by reinvesting it in their community.
　　As 18-year-old senior Liefe Temple 　22　， “We could really see how the whole world and the island， too， was struggling.So it felt really 　23　 to do that in this special way — to 　24　 the money to the people who gave it to us.”
　　The students’ earnings were 　25　 to the Island Community Fund in aid of residents whose livelihoods were 　26　 by the pandemic.
　　“There is a strong sense of 　27　 in these students.That is because their 　28　 demonstrated an awareness of the hardship in their community and willingness to do something about it，” the Island Community Fund president Fred Thomas told AP.
14.（　） A.lies　　　　　　　 B.sets
C.takes D.leaves
15.（　） A.Hopefully B.Traditionally
C.Fortunately D.Eventually
16.（　） A.trip B.group
C.team D.project
17.（　） A.activities B.hobbies
C.suggestion D.destinations
18.（　） A.borrowed B.collected
C.managed D.discovered
19.（　） A.disturbed B.prevented
C.confirmed D.stressed
20.（　） A.decided B.revised
C.cancelled D.introduced
21.（　） A.closer B.farther
C.cheaper D.shorter
22.（　） A.suggested B.requested
C.demanded D.explained
23.（　） A.funny B.strange
C.good D.terrible
24.（　） A.give back B.take over
C.turn down D.make out
25.（　） A.raised B.donated
C.arranged D.delivered
26.（　） A.exchanged B.determined
C.controlled D.influenced
27.（　） A.time B.hope
C.pride D.dream
28.（　） A.advice B.principle
C.decision D.project
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·陕西四校高一下联考）You are driving along on a wild stormy night.You pass by a bus stop， and see three people 29.　　　　　　 （wait） for the bus：（1）An elderly woman who is about 30.　　　　 （die）；（2）An old friend who once saved your life；（3）The perfect mate you’ve been dreaming about.
　　Which would you choose， knowing there could only be one passenger in your car？ Should you save the elderly woman or take the old friend 31.　　　　　　 he once saved your life？ You may never find your perfect dream lover again！
　　This quiz was given to 200 32.　　　　　　 （applicant） for a single job.The one who 33.　　　　 （hire） responded， “I would give the car keys to my friend and let 34.　　　　　　 （he） take the elderly woman to the hospital.Then I would stay behind and wait for the bus with the woman of my dreams.”
　　What a brilliant answer！ That’s 35.　　　　　 （exact） what we say “think outside the box”.In other words， we need to think differently， creatively， or 36.　　　　　　 a new angle.
　　Thinking outside the box 37.　　　　　　 （start） well before we’re “boxed in”— that is， well before we meet a unique situation and start forcing it into a familiar “box” 38.　　　　　　 we already know how to deal with.
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