UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
We are all different， which is great because we are all unique.Without diversity， life would be very boring. —Catherine Pulsifer 我们都各不相同，这很好，因为我们每个人都是独一无二的。失去了多样性，生活将极其枯燥乏味。 ——凯瑟琳·普尔西弗
Cultural differences should not separate us from each other but rather cultural diversity brings a collective strength that can benefit all of humanity. —Robert Alan 文化差异不应使我们彼此隔绝，而应使文化多样性凝聚集体力量，造福全人类。 ——罗伯特·艾伦
It is time for parents to teach young people that in diversity， there is beauty， and there is strength. —Maya Angelou 现在是时候让父母们告诉年轻人，多样性中既有美，也有力量。 ——玛雅·安吉罗 It is not our differences that divide us.It is our inability to recognise， accept， and celebrate those differences. —Audre Lorde 使我们分裂的不是我们的分歧。是我们没有能力认识、接受和赞美这些差异。 ——奥德丽·洛德
2 / 2Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Wednesday， 21 June
[1]Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley.[2]I have to admit① that it definitely② feels good to be back in the city again.And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred③in 1906.[3]There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills， offering great views of the city， the ocean， and the Golden Gate Bridge.
My hotel is near downtown④， in the Mission⑤ District⑥， one of the oldest parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.This district used to⑦ be a poor area of town， but is now a centre for art， music， and food.In fact⑧， an art movement called the “Mission School” started here.It’s influenced by graffiti art and comic⑨ art.I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.It was quite modern and lively.Afterwards⑩， I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck.A real mix of cultures here！
[1]动词-ing形式camping ...和visiting ...作介词after的宾语。
[2]it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to be back in the city again。
[3]many sitting on top of big hills为独立主格结构， offering ...是动词-ing短语作伴随状语。
In the afternoon， I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California.I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year， gold was discovered near San Francisco， which started a gold rush.[4]Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune， and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period.To earn a living， some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.Many others found jobs on farms， joined the gold rush， or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.[5]The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.When these immigrants left their countries， they carried a bit of home in their hearts， and built a new home here.
This evening， I went to Chinatown.[6] There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.What great food！
That’s enough for today.Tomorrow evening， I’m going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.Can’t wait ！
[4]to seek their fortune为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[5]how引导宾语从句，作动词-ing形式showing的宾语。
[6]本句为 “There be＋sb/sth＋非谓语动词”结构。
【读文清障】
①admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入（或加入）
②definitely adv.肯定；确实
③occur vi.发生；出现
④downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心
⑤mission n.传教（区）；重要任务；使命
⑥district n.地区；区域
⑦used to过去常常
⑧in fact事实上
⑨comic n.连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的
⑩afterwards adv.以后；后来
head to （朝……）前进；（向……）去
historical adj.（有关）历史的
seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求
seek one’s fortune
寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
earn a living谋生
open up开张；营业；开业
immigrant n.（外来）移民；外侨
select vt.选择；挑选；选拔
china n.瓷；瓷器
jazz n.爵士乐
bar n.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
can’t wait （to do sth）
迫不及待（要做某事）
【参考译文】
6月21日，星期三
在红杉林露营并参观了纳帕谷酒乡后，今天是我回到旧金山的第一天。我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。
我住的旅馆靠近市中心，位于教会区，这是旧金山最古老的街区之一。这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域，而现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。事实上，一场名为“教会派”的艺术运动就发源于此。这一运动深受涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。这些艺术十分现代，也很生动。随后，我吃了一份快餐车售卖的美味的墨西哥式中国面。这真是文化的交融啊！
下午，我前往当地一家博物馆参观，博物馆展示了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。我了解到，1848年美国从墨西哥手中得到加利福尼亚。同年，旧金山附近发现黄金，引发了淘金热。世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。很多中国人也在这个时期来到此地。为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。更多的人则在农场打工、加入淘金大军，或者参与修建加州通往美国东部的铁路。这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。这些移民离开他们的祖国时，心中装着一片故土，最终在这里建立了新家园。
今晚，我去了唐人街。这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。太好吃了！
今天就写到这里吧。明天晚上，我要去里士满区的一家爵士酒吧。我已经迫不及待了！
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.A visit to a local museum in the afternoon.
Para.2 B.Li Lan’s plan for the next day.
Para.3 C.An introduction to the Mission District.
Para.4 D.Li Lan’s impression of San Francisco.
Para.5 E.The good experience of food in Chinatown.
2.What’s the main idea of the passage？（ ）
A.The author’s visit to Napa Valley.
B.The author’s camp in the Redwood Forest.
C.The author’s introduction to the Mission District.
D.The author’s trip in San Francisco with diverse cultures.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What does the word “definitely” in the first paragraph mean？（ ）
A.Doubtfully. B.Surely.
C.Extremely. D.Directly.
2.What happened to San Francisco in 1906？（ ）
A.An earthquake broke out.
B.The railway to the eastern region was built.
C.A gold rush started.
D.Over 300，000 Chinese immigrants came to the city.
3.What can we learn from the passage？（ ）
A.Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurants for visitors.
B.San Francisco has always been the center for art.
C.The gold rush began in Mexico.
D.San Francisco is a city mostly influenced by immigrants.
4.What is the passage？（ ）
A.A history novel.
B.A home letter.
C.A travel journal.
D.A book review.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the environment.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence showing how the United States was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1.Why does the writer mention Chinese immigrants to San Francisco？
2.What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity？
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1.And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
句式分析
自主翻译
2.There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills， offering great views of the city， the ocean， and the Golden Gate Bridge.
句式分析
自主翻译
核心词汇集释
admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入（或加入）；容纳
【教材原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
【用法】
（1）be admitted as ... 作为……被接受 be admitted into/to 被录取；被接收 （2）admit sb/sth as/to be ... 承认某人/某事是…… admit doing/having done ... 承认做了…… （3）admission n. 准许进入；入场费
【佳句】 Learning that you have been admitted into/to a key university， I am writing to congratulate you.
得知你已被一所重点大学录取，我写信向你表示祝贺。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have been successfully admitted a volunteer for the 13th National Games.
②Besides， there will be an （admit） charge of 50 yuan for each person.
【写美】 一句多译
③他眼里含着泪水，承认他在期末考试中作弊。
→With tears in his eyes， he in the final examination.
→With tears in his eyes， he in the final examination.
occur vi.发生；出现
【教材原句】 And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
【用法】
（1）某人突然想到…… （2）其他表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型： It strikes/struck sb that ... It hits/hit sb that ...
【佳句】 A bright idea suddenly occurred to the twins that they could make breakfast for their mother to celebrate Mother’s Day.
双胞胎突然想到了一个好主意，他们可以为妈妈做早餐来庆祝母亲节。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident （occur）.
【写美】 一句多译
②她突然想起她和老同学在咖啡馆有个约会。
→ she had an appointment with her old classmate at the café.（occur）
→ she had an appointment with her old classmate at the café.（strike）
→ she had an appointment with her old classmate at the café.（hit）
head to （朝……）前进；（向……）去
【教材原句】 In the afternoon， I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California.
下午，我前往当地一家博物馆参观，博物馆展示了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。
【用法】
head for/towards 朝……前进 head north/south 朝北/南走 head home 回家
【练透】 完成句子
After he retired， he to lead a comfortable life.
退休后，他到农村过着舒适的生活。
seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求
【教材原句】 Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune， and San Francisco quickly became a big city.
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。
【用法】
（1）seek one’s fortune 寻找成功致富之路 seek advice from ... 向……征求建议 （2）seek after/for 追求，寻求 seek out 挑选出；找出 seek to do sth 试图做某事
【佳句】 ①They managed to seek a quiet place where they could sit down and admire the natural scenery. （读后续写之动作描写）
他们设法找到了一个安静的地方，可以坐下来欣赏自然风景。
②He worked tirelessly to seek her fortune and achieve financial independence.
他孜孜不倦地追求财富，实现经济独立。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①After graduating from university， he decided to leave his hometown and seek job opportunities in big cities.
②We seek （help） every student discover the joy in the process of learning.
【写美】 完成句子
③The twins a delicious Mother’s Day breakfast， but failed.Therefore， it occurred to them to their beloved father.
这对双胞胎试图做一顿美味的母亲节早餐，但是失败了。因此，他们突然想起向他们亲爱的爸爸征求意见。
earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
【教材原句】 To earn a living， some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。
【用法】
（1）earn/make money 挣钱 earn one’s living/make a living谋生 earn the respect of sb 赢得某人的尊敬 （2）earnings n. 利润；收入，工资
【佳句】 His honesty earned him great respect.
他因诚实而博得人们的尊敬。
【练透】 完成句子
①As far as I’m concerned， you are old enough .
依我看来，你已经足够大了，可以谋生了。
②In order to support his family， he made every effort .
为了养家糊口，他竭尽全力挣钱。
bring about 导致；引起
【教材原句】 What do you think brought about the cultural diversity？
你认为是什么导致了这种文化的多样性呢？
【用法】
bring back 使回想起；使恢复 bring in 引进；生产 bring up 抚养；抚育；谈及 bring back to life 使复活，给……以活力
【佳句】 Everyone was excited， enjoying the convenience brought about by the shared bicycles.
每个人都很激动，享受着共享单车带来的便利。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We can never imagine the trouble Mrs Black had bringing her daughter.
【写美】 完成句子
②Luckily， a Chinese immigrant in America is trying to .
幸运的是，一位旅美的华裔移民正试图让这门艺术重获生机。
claim vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言；索赔
【教材原句】 Over 3，000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.
1906年的旧金山地震和随后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3，000多人的生命。
【用法】
（1）claim sb’s life 夺去某人的生命 claim to have done sth 声称做了某事 It’s claimed that ... 据称/说…… （2）make a claim （on ...）for ...（向……）提出赔偿……
【佳句】 ①Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fight agaist cancer.
科学家们宣称攻克癌症已有重大的突破。
②The earthquake claimed thousands of lives.
地震夺去数千人的生命。
【练透】 完成句子
①Researchers that getting a regular eight-hour sleep every night makes a real difference to our health.
研究人员声称，他们发现每晚有规律地睡8个小时对我们的健康十分有益。
② humour not only affects patients’ moods， but can actually help them recover faster.
据说，幽默不仅能影响病人的情绪，实际上还能使他们更快地康复。
apart from 除了……外（还）； 此外
【教材原句】 Apart from being the kingdom of flowers， it is home to many ethnic minority groups.除了是花卉王国，它还是许多少数民族的家园。
【用法】
apart from＝besides 除……外（还有） apart from＝except for 除……外（不包括）
【佳句】 ①Apart from his nose， he’s quite good-looking.
他除了鼻子以外， 哪儿都很好看。
②Apart from the salary/Salary apart， it’s not a bad job.
除了薪水之外，这个工作还不错。
【练透】 完成句子
① ， you should also take part in some after-class activities to relax yourself.
首先，除了努力学习，你也应该参加一些课外活动来放松自己。
②Everything was perfect for the picnic .
除了天气之外，一切都很适合野餐。
escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱
【教材原句】 After visiting the southern part of Yunnan， I have to admit that it is the best region of China to escape the cold winter.
在参观了云南南部地区后，我不得不承认，这是中国躲避寒冷冬季的最佳地区。
【用法】
（1）escape from ... 从……中逃脱 escape doing sth 避免出现某种结果 （2）escape one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意 （3）a narrow escape 死里逃生
【佳句】 At last，we had a narrow escape， fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.
最后，我们九死一生，幸运地没被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。
【联想】 不一样的“忘记，遗忘”：
（1）sth escape（s） sb某人遗忘某事
（2）sb forget（s） sth某人忘记某事
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She managed to escape the burning car afterwards.In other words， she narrowly escaped （kill） in the fire.
②With the help of the firefighters， the workers managed to escape the burning mine quickly and safely.
【写美】 同义句转换
③While shopping， I came across one of my former classmates， but I forgot his name， which made me embarrassed.
→While shopping， I came across one of my former classmates， but ， which made me embarrassed.
重点句型解构
句型公式：It＋系动词＋形容词（＋for/of sb）＋to do sth
【教材原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
【用法】
（1）动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy， difficult， hard， important， possible，worthwhile等。 （2）it还可以放在find， make， consider等动词后作形式宾语，指代动词不定式、动词-ing短语或从句。
【品悟】 ①It feels definitely good to be selected as one of the representatives in the activity.
被选为这个活动的代表之一感觉真是太好了。
②It is definitely necessary for us to sign up for an AI course during the summer holiday.
我们在暑假期间报名参加人工智能课程是绝对必要的。
【写美】 完成句子
① a good relationship with teachers and classmates.
与老师和同学建立良好的关系是明智的。
②Children who do not lack self-confidence find it very easy .
不缺乏自信的孩子发现完成困难的学习任务是很容易的。
③I don’t the Special English.
我觉得理解慢速英语不难。
④ on your interests and hobbies？
你在自己的兴趣爱好上花这么多时间值得吗？
句型公式：There be＋sb/sth＋非谓语动词
【教材原句】 There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
【用法】
There be sb/sth＋
【品悟】 ①There was nobody to buy popcorn at first， which made Bernard feel like sitting on pins and needles.一开始没人买爆米花，这让伯纳德感觉如坐针毡。
②There was nothing to worry about.It was just her unnecessary anxiety.
没什么可担心的。她只是杞人忧天。
【写美】 完成句子
① arouse our interest in learning English.
学生会组织了各种各样的活动来激发我们学习英语的兴趣。
②As planned， we are to gather at the gate of our school， and .
按计划，我们将在学校门口集合，那里会有一辆公共汽车在等我们。
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ
10 / 10单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
一、核心单词写对
1. n.（英）炸土豆条；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片
2. n.干酪；奶酪
3. adv.肯定；确实
4. adv.在市中心；往市中心
5. n.传教（区）；重要任务；使命
6. n.地区；区域
7. adv.以后；后来
8. n.瓷；瓷器
9. n.爵士乐
10. n.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
11. n.简图；图解；图表；示意图
12. n.日志；日记；报纸；刊物
13. vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言
14. n.牛仔裤
15. n.靴子
16. n.蘑菇；蕈
17. adv.特别；格外
adj.顶好的；超级的
18. n.纪念物；纪念品
19. n.百分率；百分比
20. adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
21. n.项目；一件商品（或物品）；一条（新闻）
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Now that you are an adult， it is wrong of you to depend on your parents for food and （衣服）.
2.My father is very worried because he lost a file （包含） a lot of important information.
3.I’m （选择） to represent our school to take part in the English debate competition because I have a good command of spoken English.
4.You can （寻找） help from your teachers when getting into trouble.
5.To protect the environment， more governments appeal to people to recycle （材料）.
6.We should take a （系列） of measures to deal with the poor situation.
7.The woman managed to e from the fire with her baby， extremely terrified and exhausted.
8.A bright idea suddenly o to me that I could use the money earned last month to buy him a gift.
9.With the world’s c becoming warmer， more and more people are concerned with the environment.
二、拓展词汇用活
1. vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earnings n.薪水；工资；收入
2. n.少数民族；少数派；少数人→（反）majority n.大多数；多数派
3. adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→finance n.财政；金融
4. n.诗集；诗歌；诗作→poem n.诗→poet n.诗人
5. n.毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害→poisonous adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的
6. vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.（可）折小；（可）叠平→unfold vt.使展开；打开
7. n.作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect vt.收藏；收集
8. vt.& vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷）→settler n.移民；殖民者→settlement n.解决；定居点
9. n.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子、短语等的）结构→construct vt.修建；建造；构成
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.①Living in the city will put you in touch with people from （diverse） cultures.
②Changbaishan is home to a great （diverse） of rare plants and animals.
2.①To gain （admit） to a key university， the boy will definitely take advantage of the precious chance.
②If I’m fortunate enough （admit）， I will work hard to provide the best service for the contest.
3.The museum did a really good job of showing the （history） changes in the town.
4.He went to America to seek his and imagined he would be very ， but ， he couldn’t even make ends meet.（fortune）
三、重点短语用准
1. （朝……）前进；（向……）去
2. 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3. 谋生
4. 一系列或一连串（事件）
5. 除了……外（还）；此外
6. 导致；引起
7. 把……和……连接起来
8. 仅举几例
9. 第一手；亲自
10. 位于……；坐落于……
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.In the past few decades， many immigrants in America by doing varieties of jobs.
2. enjoying the folk art works， visiting this paper-cutting exhibition also makes us learn a lot.
3.Lots of our friends are coming： Anne， Ken and George， .
4.A movies will be shown to commemorate the 30th anniversary of his death.
5.It was not long before they left their village to in big cities.
6.Science has many changes in our daily lives， which inspires me to be a scientist.
四、经典句式写美
1. 句型公式：It＋系动词＋形容词（＋for/of sb）＋to do sth
教材原句：I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
2. 句型公式：There be＋sb/sth＋非谓语动词
教材原句：There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.
3. 句型公式：what引导的主语从句
教材原句：What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.
4. 句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
教材原句：The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese， many of whom do not speak English fluently.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. when we go to public places.
我们去公共场所时戴口罩是必要的。
2. many online video platforms for you .
有很多在线视频平台可供你选择。
3. is not knowledge but experience.
许多大学生所缺乏的不是知识而是经验。
4.I have a lot of English novels， .
我有很多英文小说，其中大部分是美国作家写的。
3 / 3Part Ⅱ Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity
1.The Chinatown in San Francisco .（ ）
A.is the biggest in the world
B.is in the centre of the city
C.is a place where visitors can experience traditional Chinese culture in real life
D.is the place where Robert Louis Stevenson was born
2.What can visitors do in Chinatown？（ ）
A.Taste traditional Chinese food.
B.Experience the mix of Chinese culture and western culture.
C.Enjoy lots of Chinese architecture.
D.Both A and C.
3.What attracts visitors most in Chinatown？（ ）
A.Traditional Chinese dishes.
B.Chinese tea.
C.Chinese clothing.
D.Chinese chess and tai chi.
4.What can we learn from the text？（ ）
A.Large groups of Chinese immigrants settled in San Francisco long before the gold rush.
B.Bank of Canton used to be a famous site in the Chinatown in San Francisco.
C.Chinese immigrants in Chinatown have got used to the western lifestyle in America.
D.Traditional Chinese dishes in Chinatown are popular with visitors from all over the world.
Step 1 品教材课文 Step 2 析写作手法
WELCOME TO CHINATOWN！ The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America， and also the oldest.It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge.The climate is mild all year round， meaning it is always a good time to visit. Historically， Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese， many of whom do not speak English fluently.This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China. Most of Chinatown was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake， but the city and residents rebuilt it， taking care to include lots of Chinese architecture.Traditionally， visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate， which was built using materials donated from China.Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton， to name but a few.Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights， smells， and sounds of China.Portsmouth Square is also a key site， being the centre of Chinatown.It has a long and famous history， with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there.These days， the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese culture in real life， such as games of Chinese chess， and people practising tai chi. The stores in the Chinatown offer a unique range of souvenirs， goods， and clothing.All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found， too， and there are Chinese tea stores， where visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea. But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste， with traditional dishes from all over China. Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA.They allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand. 学语言： 1.连接词： （1）第二段作者在介绍唐人街的历史时运用了then， still等词，使句子之间衔接紧密，逻辑鲜明，语意连贯； （2）第三段作者在介绍唐人街及震后重建过程中运用了but， and， also等词，使句子之间逻辑性强，层次清晰，衔接巧妙； （3）第四至六段作者运用了and， But等连接词，使句子结构紧凑，逻辑清晰，过渡自然。 2.高频词汇： a real taste of、 a unique range of、 varieties of 等词的运用，彰显了作者较强的语言运用能力。 3.高级句式： （1）第一段第二句It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge.及第三段第二句Traditionally， visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate， which was built using materials donated from China.等多处使用了定语从句，避免了多个单句的平铺直叙，增强了表达效果。 （2）第二段第二句What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.运用了What引导的主语从句，彰显了作者对语言的驾驭能力。 学结构：
【参考译文】
唐人街欢迎您！
旧金山的唐人街在全美规模最大、历史最为悠久，是一个炙手可热的旅游景点，每年接待的游客甚至比金门大桥还多。这里全年气候温和，这意味着任何时候都适宜来游览。
历史上，在修筑铁路和淘金热时期，来自中国的移民定居于此。这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中国文化中心。如今唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利，这能让游客体验到正宗的中国味。
唐人街的大部分建筑毁于1906年的大地震，但是市政府和居民将它重建，并且特地融入诸多中国建筑元素。传统上，游客从具有传奇色彩的龙门走入唐人街，龙门的建筑材料是由中国捐赠的。其他的著名景点还有天后古庙、广东银行等，不胜枚举。游客亦可花上数小时，一探此地的中国味道与美景声色。作为唐人街的中心，花园角广场也是一个重要景点。广场历史悠久，声名远扬，作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森曾长居于此进行创作。如今，花园角广场已经成为游客的一个好去处，可以欣赏现实生活里的中国传统文化，如中国象棋和打太极拳。
唐人街的商店出售各式特色纪念品、货物和衣服。此外，各种各样的中草药也随处可见，还有中国茶叶商店，游客可以品尝和购买各种中国茶叶。
然而，很多游客和旧金山人最钟爱的或许是唐人街的美食。这里有着来自中国各地的传统菜肴，各种口味，应有尽有。
唐人街是美国多元文化的一个重要组成部分，未曾踏足中国的游客可以在唐人街近距离感受中国传统文化。
Step 3 背出彩佳句
一、介绍地点的基本信息
1.Qianmen Street， with a history of 600 years， is 800 meters in length， along which there are more than 300 shops.
前门大街有600年的历史，800米长，沿街有300多家店铺。
2.The village， located on the North Sea， has a history of more than 400 years and a population of 300，000.
这个村庄坐落在北海之滨，有着400多年的历史和30万人口。
3.There are quite a lot of places of interest in Beijing， such as the Forbidden City， the Summer Palace and so on.
北京有很多名胜古迹，比如故宫、颐和园等。
二、介绍地方特色
1.Firstly， I’d like to tell you something about the weather in the city， which is often windy and very cold in winter.
首先，我想给你们介绍一下这个城市的天气。它通常多风而且冬天非常寒冷。
2.Beijing is a city where the old cultural traditions and the modern civilization are well combined.
北京是一个古老的文化传统和现代文明完美融合的城市。
3.With its pleasant climate， rich natural resources and beautiful scenery， Haikou is one of China’s major tourist cities.
海口气候宜人，自然资源丰富，风景优美，是中国主要的旅游城市之一。
三、总结概括
1.I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.
我认为你会很快适应，尽管天气与食物都与你们的不同。
2.Mount Huangshan is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave.
黄山是一个你必须去参观的地方，非凡的景色会让你不愿离开。
3.We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries.
我们能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办主题为“我的家乡”的英文征文活动。请你写一篇英语短文介绍你的家乡，内容包括：
1.地理位置；
2.人文景观；
3.发展变化；
4.你的希望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
第一段：对该地区进行简单概括；
第二段：详细介绍其特点；
第三段：对该地区进行总体评价。
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1.
我住在中国西南靠近成都的一个小城镇。
2.
这里没有那么多高楼和宽阔的街道。
3.
由于这个城镇位于成都平原，周围有很多农田。
4.
从春天到秋天，在农场种植了各种类型的庄稼，形成了一幅美丽的景象。
5.
最近这些年，我的家乡发生了很大变化。
6.
已经建设了许多购物中心和公寓楼，这使得人们的生活很方便。
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
7.用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句4
8.用动词-ing短语作结果状语改写句6
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
核心词汇集释
settle vt.& vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷）
【教材原句】 Historically， Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.历史上，在修筑铁路和淘金热时期，来自中国的移民定居于此。
【用法】
settle a problem 解决问题 settle （down） in＋地点 在某地定居 settle down 安定下来，安下心来 settle down to doing sth 专心于某事
【佳句】 Bernard settled down to learning how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始学习做爆米花。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①With the problem （settle）， they were happy and relaxed.
【写美】 完成句子
②Not knowing I am facing now， I am writing to seek advice from you. （求助信）
我不知道如何解决我现在面临的道德困境，因此我写信向你寻求建议。
construction n.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子、短语等的）结构
【用法】
（1）under construction 在建设中 under discussion 在讨论中 under consideration 在考虑中 （2）construct vt. 建造；构成
【佳句】 Located where the Belt meets the Road， Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
位于“一带一路”交汇处，江苏将会为“一带一路”的建设做出更大贡献。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The workers the bridge damaged by the flood， and the bridge under connects the road with the town. （construct）
【写美】 完成句子
②He ran towards the sound and .（读后续写之动作描写）
他朝着声音的方向跑去，在一个建筑工地停了下来。
suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n.西服；套装
【教材原句】 There is Chinese food to suit everyone’s taste， with traditional dishes from all over China.这里有着来自中国各地的传统菜肴，各种口味，应有尽有。
【用法】
（1）suit one’s needs 满足某人的需要 （2）suitable adj. 合适的；适当的；相配的 be suitable for sb/sth 适合某人/某物 be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
【佳句】 Apart from being too large， the colour and the style of the dress suit me well.除了太大之外，这件衣服的颜色和款式很适合我。
【写美】 一句多译
我确信这份志愿者工作适合我。
→I do believe I .（suitable）
→I do believe I .（suitable）
→I do believe .（suit）
（at） first hand 第一手；亲自
【教材原句】 They allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand.
它们让未曾踏足中国的游客可以在唐人街近距离感受中国传统文化。
【用法】
（1）at hand 在手边；在附近；即将发生 by hand 用手 hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联 on the one hand ...on the other hand ... 一方面……另一方面…… （2）hand in 提交；交上 （3）hands up 举手 hands off 不许触摸
【佳句】 I heard about the news （at） first hand from my neighbour.
我是直接从我的邻居那里听到这个消息的。
【练透】 用hand的相关短语填空
①As the saying goes，“Success and failure always go .”
②Peter turned his attention to the task .
③ ， anyone who knows the answer.
【写美】 完成句子
④ ， computers improve the working efficiency； ， they also bring about some new problems.
一方面，电脑提高工作效率；另一方面，它们也带来了一些新问题。
contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；抑制（感情）
【教材原句】 Does the city/town introduction contain all the important information？
这个城市/城镇的介绍包含了所有重要的信息吗？
【用法】
（1）contain sth 包含/含有/容纳某物 contain oneself 自我忍耐/克制 （2）container n. 容器
【佳句】 ①Apart from the items mentioned above， the wallet contains a family photo， my precious memory.除了以上提到的物品，钱包里还有一张家庭照，是我珍贵的记忆。
②I couldn’t stand her gossiping all day.I was so furious that I couldn’t contain myself.
我受不了她整天说长道短。我非常生气，以至于无法克制自己。
【助记】 contain和include
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Try to eat food groups （contain）vitamins A， C and E， which will do lots of good to your health.
②Hearing the good news， he couldn’t contain （he） and burst into laughter.
③A （contain） is something such as a box or bottle that is used to hold or store things in.
【写美】 完成句子
④ ， sobbing behind a tree.
我无法控制自己的悲伤，躲在树后抽泣。
⑤I’ve lost a file .
我丢失了一个装有许多重要文件的文件夹。
重点句型解构
句型公式：what引导的主语从句
【教材原句】 What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中国文化中心。
【用法】
（1）what在此处引导的是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。 （2）what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分（主语、表语或宾语）。 （3）that也可引导名词性从句，但that在从句中不作成分，不必译出。
【品悟】 It was my twelfth birthday， and what I really wanted most was a new bicycle.那是我十二岁的生日，我最想要的是一辆新自行车。
【写美】 完成句子
① I wouldn’t pass the coming exam.
使我害怕的是我无法通过即将到来的考试。
② our teacher always creates a kind of atmosphere where we can voice our opinions freely.
给我印象最深的是，我们的老师总是营造出一种我们可以自由交流的氛围。
句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【教材原句】 The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese， many of whom do not speak English fluently.如今唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
【用法】
（1）若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。 （2）whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
【品悟】 Many young people， most of whom were well-educated， headed for big cities to chase their dreams.
许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往大城市追逐梦想。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
①There are various typical Chinese customs during the Spring Festival， .
春节期间有各种典型的中国习俗，其中两项是包饺子和放烟花。
②There lives an old man near the school， the son of whom is working in that district.
→There lives an old man near the school， is working in that district.
情感描写 ①fortune n.机会；运气 fortunate adj.幸运的 fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunately adv.不幸地 ②mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的 ③admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入（或加入） ④suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n.西服；套装
动作描写 ①seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；争取；（向人）请求 ②claim vt.& n.夺取（生命）；宣称；断言 ③escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 ④occur vi.发生；出现 ⑤select vt.选择；挑选；选拔 ⑥settle vt.& vi.定居；结束（争论）；解决（纠纷） ⑦contain vt.包含；含有；容纳 ⑧head to（朝……）前进；（向……）去
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. Old Man Donovan’s fruit farm.We pick some apples.
姐姐和我向多诺万爷爷的水果农场走去，试图摘些苹果。
2.At that time， .
正在那时，低沉的声音传来。
3.We had no chance .
我们没有从农场逃跑的机会。
4.He didn’t blame us and instead .
他没有责备我们，而是给我们挑选了几个苹果。
5.Several months later， Old Man Donovan and unfortunately， his falling from the apple tree .
几个月后，多诺万爷爷发生了不好的事情。他不幸地从苹果树上掉下来失去了生命。
6.On hearing the bad news， like a broken string of pearls.
一听到这个坏消息，我们不能控制我们的情绪，伤心的泪水像断了线的珠子一样落下来。
第二步：句式升级造亮点
7.把句1合并升级为分词作状语
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ
9 / 9学习讲义部分
UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 ABABC 6－10 ABCBB 11－12 AC
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hey， Sarah！ This year I’m going to the rock festival for all three days！
W：Oh， lucky you， Leo！ Are you going with your cousin again？
M：Not this year.My brother has promised to take me there now.My sister’s too busy with her college work.
W：How will you get there？
M：We wanted to drive， but Dad said no.And it’s too far from the city for us to cycle there， but there are special buses so we’ll take those.
W：What do you have to take with you？
M：Just a tent and clothes， really.We’ll need lots of water， but we’ll buy that and all our meals there.Hey！ Come with us！
W：Maybe I will！
（Text 2）
M：Hey， Jenny， the Summer Festival is happening in the park.Don’t you know about it？
W：No.Is it a music festival？
M：Well， in fact， it’s a festival of food and art.
W：Oh， that sounds interesting.When does it begin？
M：On Friday.Last year it finished on Saturday， but this year the festival will run for three days， not two.
W：Great！ I’d like to go.Is it open all day？
M：The gates open at eleven in the morning， and they stay open until midnight.
W：I don’t think I’ll stay that long.But I might go in the afternoon at about three o’clock and stay there until seven o’clock.
M：Well， please don’t come by car.The city center will be very busy.Take the bus.The No.15 goes to the park every 15 minutes.
W：Thanks a lot for reminding.
（Text 3）
W：The festival is great， isn’t it？
M：Yes.I have never seen such a good art festival before.
W：But I have a question — why is the festival only held in winter rather than in other seasons？ I prefer it is held in summer.
M：Summer？ It’s not a good idea.
W：Why not？
M：As there are many travelers in summer， if there is an art festival， the town will be crowded.But in winter， there aren’t enough travelers.For the town’s development， the government organises the festival.
W：It sounds more reasonable.
（Text 4）
W：Attention， please！ Now I will give you a brief introduction to the Winter Festival.It is a free event for all people to enjoy， and is organised by a team of volunteers.The first Winter Festival was introduced the year before last.Sadly due to a lack of money， no festival was held last year.This year the government may provide 15，000 to the festival.They also persuaded the businessmen around the town to offer the rest 5，000.
There will be a free art exhibition on Friday 18， Saturday 19 and Sunday 20 December in the Center Park of the town.The opening hours are from 10：00 a.m.to 4：00 p.m.， and there is an opening night only on Friday， from 7：30 p.m.to 10：00 p.m.Different from other exhibitions， this art exhibition is really a special one because the public will have the chance to watch the paintings which are from the town’s school.And all the paintings are created by the students.
It is great that the Festival is going to host a wonderful sound of music in the Main Exhibition Hall this year.This program aims to show some of the musical talents that we have in town.Everyone watching the performance had better not wear formal clothes， but fancy dress.And in the program， you will hear classical music， pop music， rock music and operas.
话题表达实战
1.people are looking forward to their holidays
2.What about all of the decorations
3.not everyone celebrates Christmas
4.the good Christmas mood has a positive effect on all people
5.Maybe we should find a way
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①dressed ②got dressed/dressed myself in my new clothes
2.①celebrated； congratulated
②express congratulations on your winning the first prize； congratulate you on your winning the first prize
3.①above all ②All in all ③There are 1，500 people in all
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Paras.1－5 BACED
2.C
第二步
1－4 DBCC
第三步
1.However， no matter how different they may seem， all over the world， the spirit of sharing joy， gratitude， love， or peace is common in all festivals.
2.They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life， and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from， who we are， and what to appreciate.
第四步
1.The Spring Festival.Because I can stay with my family， relax myself， enjoy some delicious food and receive lucky money.
2.Yes.First， I think we should do something for our family members or friends during the festival.For example， we can help them do housework.Besides， we can travel with them， which can not only improve our relationships but also enrich our lives.
第五步
1.尽管有人认为节日不应该被商业化，但是也有人认为消费增长有利于（提高）经济和公众幸福感。
2.此外，如果你仔细研究各种节日，你会惊奇地发现不同的文化实际上有很多相同之处。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①within ②ranging ③have a wide range of choices
2.①n.人物 ②vt.认为 ③figure out the reason for the failure
④figure out what career path she should choose
3.①for ②gratitude
③I would be very grateful if； I’d appreciate it if
4.decorate our classroom with them
5.①of ②It is typical of Chinese people to arrive
6.In spite of my interest in space exploration； In spite of the fact that I am interested in space exploration
7.①over ②are taking advantage of online courses
8.①is reflected ②reflection ③reflect on my behaviours
9.①when ②where ③occasionally
④On no occasion should you cheat others
重点句型解构
1.①No matter what ②whichever suits you best
③No matter where you go
2.①With all the students doing their homework silently
②with his hand still raised ③with so many places of interest to visit ④with a book in his hand
3.①I feel it very beneficial for me to read ②We students think it our responsibility to protect； We students think it our responsibility that we should protect
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）②③④ （2）①
即时演练1
①watching ②being discussed ③sleeping ④reading ⑤moving
即时演练2
①to let ②inspiring ③to lose ④amazing ⑤reading
【知识要点·须拾遗】
①where you can have fun
②entered the local flower show just for fun
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Talk about festival experiences
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题表达实战
1.Could you introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to me
2.is one of the most important holidays
3.gather to admire the moon and eat mooncakes together
4.when to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
Part Ⅱ Write about your festival experience
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－3 CAB
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.to celebrate the Spring Festival for the first time
2.The Spring Festival falls on
3.ranging from putting up the Spring Festival couplets to watching lion dance and dragon dance
4.It is typical of family members to gather on the Lunar New Year’s Eve
5.Setting off firecrackers at midnight
6.At dawn； dressed up
7.celebrating the Spring Festival with my cousins； treasure the sweet memories
三、
8.What interested me most was setting off firecrackers at midnight to greet the beginning of a new year.
四、
My First Spring Festival in the Countryside
I went to my uncle’s family in the countryside to celebrate the Spring Festival for the first time.
The Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar.People held various activities to celebrate it，ranging from putting up the Spring Festival couplets to watching lion dance and dragon dance.It is typical of family members to gather on the Lunar New Year’s Eve to have a big feast.What interested me most was setting off firecrackers at midnight to greet the beginning of a new year.At dawn， we all dressed up and paid a new year visit from house to house.
In my opinion， celebrating the Spring Festival with my cousins was wonderful.I will always treasure the sweet memories.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①Frankly ②To be frank/Frankly speaking
2.①over ②up ③With time going by
3.①representative ②Representing our school
4.①aside ②handing； to hand ③set off firecrackers and fireworks
5.①respects ②Out ③for
④The person I respect/show respect for； in every respect
重点句型解构
①they were the only people ②It looks as if/though it is going to ③he would say
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.I finally gathered my courage to knock at Mort’s door.
2.I asked if he could lend me some money.
3.in a trembling voice
4.what a horrible thing had happened to my dad； fading away fast
5.had belief/faith in me； more than pleased to take advantage of
6.Tears of gratitude clouded my eyes.
7.I set off for my home
第二步
8.I frankly told him what a horrible thing had happened to my dad， who was fading away fast because of a serious illness.
第三步
I finally gathered my courage to knock at Mort’s door.I asked if he could lend me some money.I whispered in a trembling voice.I frankly told him what a horrible thing had happened to my dad， who was fading away fast because of a serious illness.Mort had belief/faith in me， saying that he was more than pleased to take advantage of the chance to give me a hand.Tears of gratitude clouded my eyes.I set off for my home， a stream of warmth flowing in my heart.
单元素养提升
一、1.lantern 2.costume 3.march 4.ceremony 5.crop
6.church 7.fade 8.firecracker 9.evil 10.medium
11.lunar 12.envelope 13.roast 14.firework 15.inner 16.fancy 17.eagle 18.grace 19.tent 20.wedding 21.clap
Ⅰ.1.gather 2.figure 3.respect 4.typical 5.moment
6.atmosphere 7.ranging 8.branches 9.harvest
10.regions 11.features 12.merry
二、1.origin 2.religion 3.charm 4.gratitude 5.reflect
6.decorate 7.pleased 8.represent 9.respect
Ⅱ.1.occasionally 2.faithful 3.joyful 4.beliefs 5.absolutely
6.significance； significant 7.congratulations
三、1.dress （sb） up 2.after all 3.range from ...to ...
4.figure out 5.fade away 6.in spite of 7.take advantage of
8.reflect on/upon 9.have sth in common 10.look forward to
11.take place 12.to be frank 13.go off 14.set off 15.out of respect
Ⅲ.1.Out of respect 2.had； in common 3.reflecting on/upon
4.In spite of 5.dressed up 6.take place 7.take advantage of
Ⅳ.1.No matter how hot the weather was 2.With the principles guiding us 3.found it necessary to store some masks
4.as if nothing had happened
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 CBACB 6－10 BBACA 11－12 CA
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hi， Emma.How is it going？
W：Everything’s fine.How about you？
M：I’m good.Thanks for asking.Can I ask you a favour？
W：Sure， what can I do for you？
M：You know I had a two-week stay in the hospital.I missed a couple of classes.
W：Yeah.It’s good to see you fully recover from an illness.
M：I was wondering if you’d be willing to lend me your economics notes.
W：I got you， David.I can give you my notes.
M：Thank you， Emma.You saved the day.
W：No problem.Actually， I can also help you study today.
M：That would be great.Well， it’s nearly eleven thirty.How about going to my place to have lunch together？ Then we can stay in my study.
W：Sounds good.But I need to go to the library first to get my books.
M：Okay.Let’s go.
（Text 2）
W：Good morning， sir.How can I help you？
M：Well， I have some time off from work next month.And I was thinking of going to Australia.
W：That sounds great.How long is your vacation？
M：Just one week.26 July is my last day at work.
W：OK.Here is a Sydney brochure.Have a look and see if there’s a hotel that you like.
M：Oh， the Four Seasons Hotel is good.
W：Yes， it’s a very high-class hotel.I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay there.So， would you like me to make the booking now， sir？
M：Hmm ...Yes， please.
W：I just need to take some personal information.What’s your full name and telephone number？
M：Martin Andrew White.And the number is 026249734.
W：Do you plan to travel alone， Mr White？
M：Yes， just me.
W：OK.You’ll finish work on Friday the 26th.Shall I try to book your flight for the next morning？ And then you’ll reach at noon on the first day.
M：Yes， great.And a return flight on 2 August， please.
（Text 3）
M：You look upset.What’s wrong with you？
W：Yes， I’m unwell today.
M：Please don’t lie to me.You told me that you went jogging this morning， didn’t you？ Please be honest to me.Who knows I can help you.
W：Actually Mr Scott got angry with me just now.
M：Why did he get angry with you？
W：I have done a big mistake.
M：What’s that？
W：I have sent the wrong goods to the customer so that we lost millions of dollars.
M：How come？ You’re really careless！ You should be more careful in doing things.
W：I made a mistake in putting the address on the package.I didn’t do it intentionally.I feel guilty， and I have apologised.
M：Yes， I know it.But it’s useless to regret.Don’t make any mistakes again.
W：Alright， I think you are right.I promise I won’t do it again.
（Text 4）
W：Aaron， a 12-year-old boy， loved playing on the open land near his home.The land was wet and forested， and made a home for animals and many different plants.It made the perfect place for him to get to know and study nature.All of a sudden， it was announced that the empty land would be improved by building a very large complex of apartments on it.The plants would be removed， and the animals would escape and most probably die.When Aaron heard the news， he was not happy.He was worried that polluted water would run from the apartments into the ponds.From the ponds， water would run into the water supply that served the people of that area.
Aaron wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area， and how the apartment block would affect the local environment.He sent letters to members of government and television reporters.Finally， Aaron prevented the apartments from being built， and thus helped save his environment.The land remained a safe place for animals and plants.
Although Aaron was only 12， he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older.Aaron’s teachers described him as gentle， shy and motivated.
话题表达实战
1.we Chinese have many traditional virtues
2.I think one of the most important virtues is honesty
3.because we Chinese are famous for being diligent and hard-working
4.I think kindness is of great importance to our society
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①morally ②Faced with moral dilemmas
2.①a ②in ③get out of the dilemma
④The sudden rain put the organizers into a dilemma
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.（1）student （2）work （3）physician （4）tending
（5）training （6）married
2.B
第二步
1－4 DBCD
第三步
（1）To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
（2）She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.
（3）At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
（4）Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
（5）Since she had no children of her own， she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
（6）And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
第四步
1.Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly.She was a kind-hearted woman， a scientist of the people， a model of the medical profession， a good daughter of the Chinese nation and an outstanding representative of contemporary women.
2.The way I see it， the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life is serving others wholeheartedly.Whatever she did， the first thing that she thought of was other people’s interests.
第五步
1.对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
2.虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①was/were ②the majority of
2.①complaining ②complaints
③complain about/make a complaint about
④received a complaint from one of our customers
3.①to ②response ③In response to/To respond to the audience’s great demand
4.①rejected； rejection ②I was rejected
5.①appointment ②appointed ③Having made an appointment with the doctor； at the appointed time
6.①to be elected ②election
③elected one of its members to be/as their spokesperson
7.①tendency ②tended （to）
8.①retired ②retired ③After/Since retiring from the company
9.①away/off ②were scared of being hurt； were scared to be hurt； were scared that we would be hurt
10.①energetic ②energies ③provide enough energy for you
11.①with/by ②to replace
③replace/take the place of； in place of/instead of
重点句型解构
1.①nothing is more precious than human lives ②can’t be too careful ③the most hard-working student； Nobody is more hard-working than
2.①the first Chinese to go to space
②the first student to figure out
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）①②③ （2）⑤ （3）④
即时演练1
①improved ②running ③play ④delivered
⑤sitting； playing
即时演练2
①working； helping ②recognising ③approaching
即时演练3
①Having finished ②Knowing ③making ④Working
⑤Having worked ⑥Being
即时演练4
①Having been warned ②Having failed ③Having dressed ④speaking
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①operation ②to operate ③to put it into operation
④how to operate the new computer software
2.①whispering ②whispers ③whispered to her
3.①in/with ②assistance ③assist my parents in doing the dishes； assist my parents to do the dishes
4.①in charge of ②in memory/honour of ③in need of financial aid
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Talk about the importance of kindness
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题表达实战
1.（a） part of our traditional virtue
2.stop complaining about the world
3.focus on how much they’ve helped and cared about you
4.be energetic and hard-working
Part Ⅱ Share your opinions about a moral story
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－4 CDBB
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.The story is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson.
2.The king hid some gold coins under a stone in the street.
3.The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when we meet with problems.
4.In fact， we should take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.
5.More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl， who always cares for others in the story.But we shouldn’t learn from other selfish villagers.
三、
6.The story is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson by hiding some gold coins under a stone in the street.
7.The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when meeting with problems.
8.In fact， what we should do is to take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.
9.More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl who always cares for others in the story rather than other selfish villagers.
四、
The fable titled “The Stone in the Road” is a moral story.It is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson by hiding some gold coins under a stone in the street.
The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when meeting with problems.In fact， what we should do is to take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl who always cares for others in the story rather than other selfish villagers.
I like the story very much and I think it is very meaningful and helpful to us.We should always keep in mind that one good turn deserves another.I will recommend this story to as many people as I can.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①tears streaming down Jane’s cheeks ②burst into tears
③fight back tears/hold back their tears
2.①harmful ②be harmful to our health； do harm to our health
3.①better ②has been done ③a great deal about many historical figures
重点句型解构
1.①many things to settle ②a smile of happiness spreading across her face ③ All the windows open
2.①neither knew nor cared ②not what you say but what you do
③is to blame
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.a car accident and fainted
2.a world of anger， despair and complaint
3.All day long she frowned and was in tears
4.tended （to） her with great care
5.was replaced by confidence
6.It is you that carry me through
第二步
7.She was blind forever， throwing her into a world of anger， despair and complaint.
第三步
Susan had a car accident and fainted.She was blind forever， throwing her into a world of anger，despair and complaint.All day long she frowned and was in tears， feeling as if a knife were cutting her heart.Her husband， Mark， tended （to） her with great care and determined to assist her to regain strength and confidence and step out of such a passive dilemma.Gradually， Susan’s tension was replaced by confidence.She whispered gently，“Mark， thank you.It is you that carry me through the tough situation.”
单元素养提升
一、1.moral 2.fee 3.hire 4.physician 5.clinic 6.elsewhere
7.tend 8.publish 9.staff 10.saving 11.kindergarten 12.principle 13.passive 14.insurance 15.replace
16.whisper 17.midnight 18.bite 19.chain 20.disguise 21.tear 22.court
Ⅰ.1.scholarship 2.decades 3.income 4.precious 5.virtue
6.Therefore 7.spilled 8.despair 9.faraway 10.rejected 11.chairman 12.memory
二、1.complain 2.elect 3.retire 4.sharp 5.operation
6.export 7.assist 8.tension
Ⅱ.1.harmful 2.①marriage ②married 3.response
4.energetic 5.major； majority； major 6.appointment
三、1.carry sb through sth 2.tend to do sth 3.entrust sb with sth 4.play a key role 5.be responsible for 6.first aid
7.pass away 8.in memory of 9.trip over 10.in tears
11.in despair 12.a great deal （of）
Ⅲ.1.in tears 2.in memory of 3.in despair 4.tripped over 5.tend to do 6.passed away
Ⅳ.1.nothing is more important than health 2.he was seen cheating in the exam 3.each carrying a book in his or her hand
4.neither fame nor wealth
UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 ABABC 6－10 BCBAB 11－12 AB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：I tried to phone you yesterday.
M：Oh， sorry.I was busy all day and then I went to London in the evening for a meal with some friends.
W：Did you take your car？
M：I left it at home.Parking is such a problem.But the underground was closed for repairs so I had to take the bus.It was quite slow.
W：Did you go to your favourite Spanish restaurant？
M：I was hoping to try some Mexican food but my friends booked a table in a Chinese place.
W：Was it expensive？
M：Quite cheap actually， and the food was very good — but it’s only a small restaurant so a lot of people had to wait for tables — and it was quite noisy.
W：You didn’t stay there and talk afterwards then！
M：We went for a walk along the river.I had a really good evening.
（Text 2）
M：Hi， Julia.Do you like the Christmas carols we’re singing in choir this month？
W：Not really， to be honest.I’m really unfamiliar with most of them.In China， the carols we really know are Jingle Bells and Santa Claus is Coming to Town.I don’t really understand the words of any other ones.
M：Do you want me to explain the words to you？ I think it’s important to understand the words you’re singing.
W：Yeah， that sounds great！ Let’s start with We Wish You a Merry Christmas.What in the world is figgy pudding， and why are people asking for it？
M：That is a weird line！ Figgy pudding is a traditional British Christmas dessert.It kind of looks like a cake.It’s not that common today， but people used to give a figgy pudding to each other at Christmas hundreds of years ago.
（Text 3）
W：Everything is ready.Please come to the dining room.
M：Wow， what a marvelous table you’ve got here！ I’ve long heard Chinese dishes are well-known all over the world for their colour， aroma and taste.
W：I hope you like my cooking.
M：I think you are not only a good teacher but also a good cook.
W：Thanks for the compliment.Let’s begin with chicken which will bring luck to the guests， according to Chinese culture.
M：It sounds interesting.In that case， I’ll eat more.
W：Please help yourself to it.
M：Thanks.I like fried kidney best among Chinese food.
W：Have a try.
M：Well， it’s really unusual！ It’s quite tender and delicious！
（Text 4）
W：If you’re listening to this， then you’re probably studying English.Maybe you speak a couple of other languages too.But what are the British like when it comes to learning languages？ According to a survey published by the European Commission， the British are officially the worst language learners in Europe — 62 percent of them can’t speak any other language apart from their own.While 38 percent of Britons speak at least one foreign language， only 18 percent speak two.Learning a foreign language isn’t a popular option at school in Britain； children start studying a foreign language at the age of 11 and may give up completely at 14.
So， why don’t young people continue with languages at school？ Research suggests that students think it is more difficult to get good grades in languages than in other subjects such as science or history.The government is now looking at different ways to improve language learning.One idea is to start much younger and introduce foreign languages from the age of five.Another plan is to give school children more choices and expand the range of languages taught to include Arabic， Mandarin and Urdu.
话题表达实战
1.we will talk about cultural influences on American food
2.When it comes to American food
3.some say the hamburger comes from Hamburg in Germany
4.You mean there was a mixing of cultures
5.So it is the food of many different cultures
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①diversely ②diversity
③experience diverse foods from different countries
2.①to have ②Fortunately ③to bring good fortune
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Paras.1－5 DCAEB
2.D
第二步
1－4 BADC
第三步
1.（1）There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills， offering great views of the city， the ocean， and the Golden Gate Bridge.
（2）It was quite modern and lively.
2.The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.
第四步
1.Because Chinese immigrants really did a lot of work for building San Francisco and also brought great Chinese culture there.Chinese culture has a positive effect on the culture in San Francisco.
2.（1）The benefits：People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures， making their lives more interesting.
（2）The challenges：People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other.
第五步
1.多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
2.这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①as ②admission ③admitted cheating/having cheated； admitted that he had cheated
2.①occurred ②It occurred to her that； It struck her that； It hit her that
3.headed to the countryside
4.①after/for ②to help ③sought to make； seek advice from
5.①to earn your living/make a living ②to earn money
6.①up ②bring this art back to life
7.①claim to have found ②It is claimed that
8.①Firstly， apart from studying hard
②apart from/except for the weather
9.①from； being killed ②from ③his name escaped me
重点句型解构
1.①It is wise to develop ②to complete difficult learning tasks ③feel it difficult to understand
④Is it worthwhile for you to spend so much time
2.①There were diverse activities organised by the student union to ②there will be a bus waiting for us
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）简单 （2）感叹 （3）并列 （4）复合
即时演练1
即时演练2
①第一个that ②that ③it is
即时演练3
①on ②from ③in
【知识要点·须拾遗】
①folded ②with his arms folded
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Talk about ethnic minority cultures
in China
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题表达实战
1.Is yellow the lucky colour in China 2.the symbol of
3.Exactly 4.take a picture
Part Ⅱ Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－4 CDAD
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.I live in a small town near Chengdu in the southwest of China.
2.There are not so many high-rise buildings and wide streets.
3.As the town lies/is located in the Chengdu Plain， there is a great deal of farmland around it.
4.From spring to autumn， many kinds of crops are grown on the farm， and it makes a beautiful sight.
5.In recent years， great changes have taken place in my hometown.
6.A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up.They make people’s lives pretty convenient.
三、
7.From spring to autumn， many kinds of crops are grown on the farm， which makes a beautiful sight.
8.A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up， making people’s lives pretty convenient.
四、
I live in a small town near Chengdu in the southwest of China.There are not so many high-rise buildings and wide streets.However， the scenery in my hometown is attractive.
As the town lies/is located in the Chengdu Plain， there is a great deal of farmland around it.From spring to autumn， many kinds of crops are grown on the farm， which makes a beautiful sight.In recent years， great changes have taken place in my hometown.A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up， making people’s lives pretty convenient.
Welcome to my hometown and I am willing to be your guide.
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①settled ②how to settle the moral dilemma
2.①are constructing； construction
②stopped at a construction site
3.am suitable for this voluntary job； am suitable to do this voluntary job； this voluntary job suits me
4.①hand in hand ②at hand ③Hands up
④On the one hand； on the other hand
5.①containing ②himself ③container ④I couldn’t contain my sadness ⑤containing a lot of important documents
重点句型解构
1.①What made me scared was that
②What impresses me most is that
2.①two of which are to make dumplings and set off fireworks ②whose son
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.My sister and I headed to； sought to
2.a low voice came
3.to escape from the farm
4.selected several apples for us
5.something bad occurred to； claimed his life
6.we couldn’t contain our emotions， tears of sadness running down our faces
第二步
7.My sister and I headed to Old Man Donovan’s fruit farm， seeking to pick some apples.
第三步
My sister and I headed to Old Man Donovan’s fruit farm，seeking to pick some apples.At that time， a low voice came.We had no chance to escape from the farm.He didn’t blame us and instead selected several apples for us.Several months later，something bad occurred to Old Man Donovan and unfortunately， his falling from the apple tree claimed his life.On hearing the bad news， we couldn’t contain our emotions， tears of sadness running down our faces like a broken string of pearls.
单元素养提升
一、1.chip 2.cheese 3.definitely 4.downtown 5.mission
6.district 7.afterwards 8.china 9.jazz 10.bar
11.diagram 12.journal 13.claim 14.jeans 15.boot
16.mushroom 17.super 18.souvenir 19.percentage
20.mild 21.item
Ⅰ.1.clothing 2.containing 3.selected 4.seek 5.materials
6.series 7.escape 8.occurred 9.climate
二、1.earn 2.minority 3.financial 4.poetry 5.poison
6.fold 7.collection 8.settle 9.construction
Ⅱ.1.①diverse ②diversity 2.①admission ②to be admitted 3.historical 4.fortune； fortunate； unfortunately
三、1.head to 2.seek one’s fortune 3.earn a living 4.series of
5.apart from 6.bring about 7.join ...to ... 8.to name but a few 9.（at） first hand 10.be located in/on
Ⅲ.1.have earned a living 2.Apart from 3.to name but a few
4.series of 5.seek their fortune 6.brought about
Ⅳ.1.It is necessary for us to wear a mask 2.There are； to choose from 3.What many college students lack 4.most of which were written by American writers
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 BAAAC 6－10 BBCBC 11－12 BC
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Did you hear the 6 o’clock news？
W：No， I didn’t.Was there anything interesting？
M：They’ve built another space station.They will send it up sometime next year.
W：Oh， I’ve read about the plan somewhere.Is there anything else？
M：Just think！ Astronauts will live and do research work there.
W：Really？ But I wonder why you’re interested in such things.
M：I’ve always been.I hope to go to the moon one day.
W：Oh， I see.
（Text 2）
M：So， what are you going to wear at the costume party on Friday？
W：I’ll be going as the mad scientist from my favourite video game.My costume’s pretty cool.How about you？
M：I’m not sure whether to go as a Jedi fighter from the recent Star Wars movie， or as the crime fighter and wall crawler， Spiderman.I’m kind of leaning towards Spiderman.
W：Why Spiderman？
M：Somehow， I feel I have a special connection with him.
W：Why？ Is it because he doesn’t have the courage to talk to the girl he likes？
M：Yeah， sort of.Whatever， I still have four days to decide.
（Text 3）
M：So what do you think？ Racers was a good film， wasn’t it？ What about getting a CD of the music？
W：Well， to be honest， I prefer the music in Spaceship.
M：Mmm， you’re right.The acting in Spaceship wasn’t as good as in Racers， though.
W：That’s true.And what about the dresses？ They were really colourful in Racers.
M：Yeah — not in Spaceship， though — they all wore grey！ Quite disappointing.But the special effects in that film were amazing.
W：There were hardly any special effects in Racers.It had great action scenes， though.
M：Yeah， Spaceship wasn’t quite as exciting， was it？ I think Racers was the best we’ve seen this week.
（Text 4）
M：Good evening.This is the 9 o’clock news.
First， the headlines.A gas pipe blew up in Southern France and is believed to have killed more than forty people.The cause is still unknown.
Three aid workers in Rome were killed when their trucks were attacked early this morning.
A Russian rocket lifted off early on Saturday， carrying the first space tourist， California businessman Dennis Tito， and two others on a journey to the international space station.
A tour bus carrying sleeping middle school students from Boston drove off a highway on Friday morning， killing at least four children and injuring about thirty.
And Prince Aadrew has finally opened the new bridge over the River Thames at Greenwich.Now for more of those stories in detail ...
话题表达实战
1.I’m really curious about his life in space
2.to support their daily lives
3.how astronauts sleep
4.they can go out jogging
5.how women astronauts wash their hairs
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①mentally ②to have a positive mental attitude
2.①intelligence ②with his intelligent suggestions and innovative ideas
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Paras.1－5 DABEC
2.D
第二步
1－4 DBAA
第三步
1.（1）However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.
（2）However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
2.Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
第四步
1.In my opinion， space exploration is not only necessary but also meaningful.We should spare no efforts to explore the universe and make it better serve human beings.
2.To be an astronaut， first of all， I need to study hard to equip myself with advanced knowledge.What’s more， I should take exercise regularly to keep healthy physically and mentally.
3.For one thing， the Chinese government has been attaching great importance to space exploration.For another， the rapid development of China’s economy has laid a strong foundation for the space industry.
第五步
1.然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
2.之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①determination ②drawing near； were determined to prepare； approaching； determined to prepare
2.①launched ②launched an activity to raise people’s awareness of
3.went on board for London； went/got aboard （the plane） for London
4.①disappointed ②Disappointed ③To my great disappointment； What disappointed me most/What made me most disappointed
5.①for； to succeed ②be given ③desire you to offer me
6.①running ②with ③carried on cooking the Mother’s Day breakfast
7.①independently ②independence
8.①to carry ②a ③signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations
9.in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives； so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives
重点句型解构
1.to study abroad； to communicate with others； to be accepted as； to serve my classmates； to take on the position
2.①While I admit that there are problems
②While I fully understand your point of view
3.why I won’t go there is that； that’s because； why I won’t go there
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）①⑤⑥ （2）③④⑧ （3）② （4）⑦⑨
即时演练1
①to deliver ②to be discussed ③have been translated
④to be reading
即时演练2
①to wake ②to be completed ③to develop ④to experience
⑤to improve
即时演练3
①To learn ②to find ③to find ④to spare
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.For lack of confidence； I lacked confidence； I was lacking in confidence
2.①expectation ②beyond my power
③the whole problem was beyond me
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Talk about life in space
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题表达实战
1.How astronauts eat 2.a cup full of/filled with water
3.is placed on the table 4.All kinds of food
5.soup， juice and jam 6.How I wish I had a chance
Part Ⅱ Present an argument about space exploration
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－3 CDC
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.We had a discussion over whether it’s necessary to carry out the outer space exploration at a class meeting the other day.
2.Humans can find new resources in space and use them.
3.They say this kind of exploration costs too much money.And it’s very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
三、
4.New resources can be found in space for humans to use.
5.In their opinion， not only does this kind of exploration cost too much money but it’s also very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
四、
Dear Editor，
We had a discussion over whether it’s necessary to carry out the outer space exploration at a class meeting the other day.Some of us think it important to research the outer space.First， people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their explorations.Second， new resources can be found in space for humans to use and it will bring about new living space for human lives.
However， others don’t believe so.In their opinion， not only does this kind of exploration cost too much money but it’s also very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
In my opinion， such explorations into the outer space are worthwhile.
Yours，
Li Hua
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①（should） be left ②argued that； argued for； argue him into selling popcorn
2.resulted in； resulted from； as a result
3.①limited； limitless； limited； limitlessly ②to
③should be limited to 400 words
4.provide me with some suggestions； provide some suggestions； for me； supply me with some suggestions； supply/offer some suggestions； to me； offer me some suggestions
5.①out ②up ③our food will soon run out； we are running out of/using up our food
6.①to ②attached ③attach great importance to reading English newspapers
重点句型解构
1.①was hard to handle ②is easy to get along with
③is comfortable to breathe； is pleasant to enjoy
2.twice bigger than； three times as big as； three times the size of
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.Having argued with my mother
2.Disappointed and frustrated
3.sighed for lack of money
4.greeted me with a kind smile and signaled me to sit down
5.I was moved to tears.
6.has been providing for you
7.leapt to my feet and ran for home like a wind
第二步
8.it is your mother who has been providing for you since you were born
第三步
Having argued with my mother fiercely， I stormed out of the house， slamming the door heavily.Disappointed and frustrated， I felt like floating in an ocean of limitless sadness.Later， I stood beside a stand and sighed for lack of money.The seller noticed my dilemma， greeted me with a kind smile and signaled me to sit down.I was moved to tears.The seller smiled，“Girl， it is your mother who has been providing for you since you were born！” I wiped my tears， leapt to my feet and ran for home like a wind.
单元素养提升
一、1.astronaut 2.rocket 3.frontier 4.vehicle 5.satellite 6.orbit 7.agency 8.data 9.float 10.beyond 11.current
12.sufficient 13.towel 14.tissue 15.facility 16.shallow
17.pattern 18.monitor
Ⅰ.1.mankind 2.resources 3.gravity 4.recycle
5.procedure 6.universe 7.lack 8.attaches 9.launched
10.signal（l）ing 11.keen
二、1.universe 2.independent 3.analysis 4.regular
5.limited 6.closing 7.mystery
Ⅱ.1.intelligent； intelligence 2.mentally 3.①determination
②determined ③determines 4.disappointed； disappointing； disappointment 5.global 6.argument； argued
三、1.on board 2.carry on 3.in the hope of doing sth 4.focus on 5.so as to （do sth） 6.figure out 7.result in 8.as a result 9.provide for sb 10.in closing 11.run out
Ⅲ.1.resulted in 2.so as to 3.in the hope of 4.carry on
5.In closing 6.on board 7.figuring out
Ⅳ.1.the first student in my class to go abroad for further study 2.protecting wild animals/wildlife 3.is easy to get along/on with 4.three times as tall as
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5 BCABC 6－10 BBCAC 11－12 AB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Can you give me a lift to my office this morning？
W：Uh， Carl.Why are you always asking me for that？
M：I’m sorry.I could take the bus， but then I’d have to leave so early！ If you give me a ride， I can sleep for an extra thirty minutes.
W：Well， I have to go to a concert today， and I hate to rush in advance.Why not ask Mom for a ride or drive your own car？
M：You know I want to.But I have to save money on gas.I only make ten dollars an hour.And I asked Mom， but she’ll have to go to the airport to pick up her client.
W：Well， OK.I’ll do it this time， but only this once.
M：Thanks！
（Text 2）
M：Tina， come in.
W：Thanks！What a beautiful flat！ Where did you get all these things？
M：Well， my father bought the CD player， and the other things were presents from my family， too.My brother gave me that red sofa.It was in his flat with two red chairs， but it was too big.He’s still got the chairs.
W：And what about the table that the CD player’s on？
M：My sister bought a new table and chairs when she got married.This is her old one.
W：And this desk looks really old.
M：Yeah， it was my grandfather’s desk when he was a student.He gave me that and my grandmother gave me that mirror over there on the wall.
W：What about your mother？
M：She bought me those bookshelves.My brother helped me put them on the wall.We put up the mirror at the same time.Could you help me clean the bookshelves now？
W：Of course.
（Text 3）
W：I’m sorry for being late.I left home early.But the traffic is getting increasingly crowded.
M：Well， it doesn’t matter.Traffic jams in Shanghai are very common.For me， I’d like to take the subway.It saves a lot of time and money.
W：I can’t agree with you more.I’ll try it next time.Oh， I’m really a bit hungry.
M：You can have a look at the menu first.
W：Wow， everything looks absolutely delicious.My mouth is watering.
M：I’ve been here several times.The environment is quite clean.
W：Oh， yes.The price is also reasonable.
（Text 4）
M：If I could go back in history and live when I like， I’d like to relive a period I’ve already lived — the 1960s.I was in my twenties， and everything was being renewed.You really felt anything was possible.Meeting people was the thing， and you went to coffee bars where you met friends and spent the evening.The cinema， the theater， all that was very exciting with new things coming out.In fact， we seemed to be out all the time！ I don’t really remember working — of course， I was a student — or sitting around at home very much.It was the first time ordinary people started going out to eat.We were beginning to be adventurous about food， but we were more interested in meeting people.And dress， yes， that was the revolution.I mean， girls went around in really short skirts.Men were in jeans， and could wear their hair long， too.It was a wonderful period.It was like living in an age you could never have imagined， and that never has come back.We didn’t have much money， but it didn’t matter.And there were plenty of opportunities to do whatever you felt like doing.
话题表达实战
1.Different people have different opinions
2.while others hold the opposite
3.It is a common view that
4.Money does not necessarily mean happiness
5.it can be a stepping stone to happiness
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①based ②base； on their language abilities and personal preferences； should be based on their language abilities and personal preferences
2.①apologised； apology ②apologise to you for； make an apology to you for
3.①ignoring ②ignorance ③He ignored me on purpose
4.①in turn ②by turns ③In return
④In return for your kindness
5.①Judging ②I’m writing to invite you to be a judge
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.（1）making a bet （2）was spotted （3）England （4）persuaded
2.C
第二步
1－4 CDCA
第三步
1.（1）The brothers smile at each other.
（2）Well， you mustn’t worry about that.
2.（1）Well， I can’t say that I have any plans.
（2）Well， to be honest， I have none.
（3）Could you offer me work here？
（4）I don’t want your charity.I just want a job that earns an honest income.
第四步
1.If I had a million-pound bank note， I would open a school for kids from poor families.
2.（1）He was honest.
（2）He was hard-working.
第五步
1.他们看到一个穷困潦倒的年轻人从户外走过。
2.这一场的结尾是亨利离开了他们的家，并答应在两点之前不打开信封。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①on ②where ③What a dangerous scene it was
2.As a matter of fact； In fact/Actually/In reality
3.①by accident/chance ②by chance/accident or by design
4.①with ②was spotted ③finally spotted my friend； with white spots
5.①of ②sorts ③to sort out rubbish/garbage
6.①with； to explain ②prepare breakfast for their mother with patience/patiently
7.①are honest with others ②To be honest/Honestly speaking
8.①was doing ②had just finished Mother’s Day breakfast when
9.①to ②indicating ③As is indicated in the picture
10.①conducting ②to/until
重点句型解构
1.①a generous and warm-hearted person ②find the above suggestions useful ③found myself living ④found it very hard to work
2.①It is at this moment that ②It was the humorous teacher； who/that ③It was when she first arrived in China that
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）能力 请求 许可 禁止 意愿 义务和需要
（2）would＋do
即时演练1
①Could ②must ③can ④must ⑤can
即时演练2
①may/might ②Shall ③May ④should
即时演练3
①would ②will ③dared ④need
即时演练4
①can ②must ③can ④may
即时演练5
①should have passed ②may have bought the dictionary
③might have never heard of ④needn’t have booked the ticket
即时演练6
①was leaving ②would lend ③was to become
④was going to visit ⑤would be
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①intention ②to go ③which is intended for international students
2.①As is often the case ②In case ③In no case should we prevent
Section Ⅳ Viewing and Talking & Reading for Writing
Part Ⅰ Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clip
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题表达实战
1.was about to sit down 2.After that 3.worried that he could not pay the bill 4.Later 5.opened the envelope 6.the note must be real 7.In the end/Eventually
Part Ⅱ Write a dramatic scene
【速读语篇·知文意】
1－4 BBAC
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Henry is walking down the street and he sees a sign for a barbershop.
2.You see that my hair is much too long.
3.You come here even if you only have very little hair to cut when you like！
三、
4.Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a barbershop.
5.As you can see， my hair is much too long.
6.Please come here whenever you like， even if you only have very little hair to cut！
四、
Narrator：Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a barbershop.He decides to have his hair cut.
（H＝Henry B＝Barber）
H：Good afternoon.I’d like to have my hair cut， if I may.（The barber looks at Henry’s hair， continuing cutting another man’s hair.） Er， I’d really like a haircut.As you can see， it’s much too long.
B：（in a rude manner） Yes， I can see that.Indeed， I can.
H：Fine， well， I’ll have a seat then.（He sits in one of the chairs.The barber turns to look at Henry.）
B：It’s quite expensive here， you know！Are you sure you can pay for it？
H：Yes， I think so.（Having cut Henry’s hair， the barber tells him how much he must pay.Henry shows the barber the million-pound bank note.）
B：Why ...？Mr ...（looks shocked）
H：Adams.Henry Adams.I’m sorry.I don’t have any change.
B：Oh， no， no.Please don’t worry！（wearing a big smile） Nothing to worry about！Nothing at all！Please come here whenever you like， even if you only have very little hair to cut！It will be my honour to serve you！（showing Henry out with a bow）
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①hesitation ②didn’t hesitate to accept the post； accepted the post without hesitation
2.mind your table manners； it is good manners； it is bad manners
3.①broaden their view/horizons ②with a broad smile
③broad shoulders and a beard
4.①normally ②above ③your temperature will soon return to normal
5.①willingness ②was willing to assist the twins
6.①to take ②smoking ③social media without your permission
重点句型解构
1.①whenever （it is） possible ②as if （she was） angry
③as if （he was） to say something
2.①Never will you be admitted to your ideal university
②Nor do I have time ③In no case should Jack and Bernard give in to their failure
【教材词汇·练续写】
第一步
1.had to ask strangers for help
2.I spotted a beautiful woman
3.She ignored me on purpose
4.with broad shoulders seemed to notice me
5.hesitate to take out his cell phone and was willing to help me
6.I must apologise to you for judging you from your appearance，” I said to him
7.He responded to me with a big smile.
第二步
8.Then an impatient-looking man with broad shoulders， wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans， seemed to notice me.
第三步
With my cell phone dead， I had to ask strangers for help.I spotted a beautiful woman， approaching her hopefully.She ignored me on purpose and walked past me as if I were an odd monster.Then an impatient-looking man with broad shoulders， wearing a cheap T-shirt and dirty jeans， seemed to notice me.He didn’t hesitate to take out his cell phone and was willing to help me.Dancing in his eyes was the kindness.“Thanks a lot.I must apologise to you for judging you from your appearance，” I said to him.He responded to me with a big smile.
单元素养提升
一、1.loan 2.scene 3.bet 4.dare 5.sort
6.beneath 7.odd 8.extent 9.opera 10.duty
11.eventually 12.tailor 13.clerk 14.downstairs 15.stair
16.aside 17.frown 18.element 19.plot 20.upper 21.external
Ⅰ.1.postpone 2.maintain 3.pursues 4.hugging 5.plastic 6.saying 7.Nowhere 8.normal 9.manners 10.spots
二、1.basis 2.ignore 3.indicate 4.musical 5.option
6.broad 7.willing
Ⅱ.1.patience 2.intention 3.hesitation 4.permission；
permitted 5.apologised； apology 6.judge； judg（e）ment
三、1.on the basis of 2.take out a loan 3.in return 4.make a bet 5.as a matter of fact 6.by accident 7.to be honest
8.ought to 9.be about to do sth 10.show sb out 11.in case
12.to ...extent 13.on duty 14.in a ...manner 15.in that case 16.be willing to do sth
Ⅲ.1.in return 2.As a matter of fact 3.was about to
4.To some extent 5.by accident 6.To be honest 7.in case
8.taking out a loan
Ⅳ.1.found himself taken to a strange place 2.it was my teacher’s encouragement and help that 3.listening to the wind and watching the rain 4.as if searching for something
1 / 3Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1.How did the man go to London？（ ）
A.By bus.
B.By car.
C.By underground.
2.What did the man and his friends have for the meal？（ ）
A.Spanish food.
B.Chinese food.
C.Mexican food.
3.What did the man say about the restaurant？（ ）
A.It was full.
B.It was quiet.
C.It was expensive.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4.Which of these carols would the woman be unfamiliar with？（ ）
A.Jingle Bells.
B.Joy to the World.
C.Santa Claus is Coming to Town.
5.What do we know about figgy pudding？（ ）
A.It’s a traditional American dessert.
B.It’s a kind of cake.
C.It’s not that popular these days.
6.What are the two speakers mainly talking about？（ ）
A.Some popular Christmas foods.
B.The difficult words in Christmas songs.
C.The woman’s favourite Christmas song.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7.Where are the speakers？（ ）
A.At the man’s house.
B.At a restaurant.
C.At the woman’s house.
8.What is the woman？（ ）
A.A cook. B.A teacher. C.A student.
9.How does the man think of the fried kidney？（ ）
A.Tasty. B.Salty. C.Disgusting.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How many Britons can speak at least one foreign language？（ ）
A.18%. B.38%. C.62%.
11.Why do many young people quit learning a foreign language in the UK？（ ）
A.They find it too hard.
B.It’s too easy for them.
C.It’s not interesting.
12.What does the British government plan to do to improve language learning？（ ）
A.Train language teachers.
B.Offer more foreign language choices.
C.Encourage students to learn two foreign languages.
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
情境：孙阳是一名高一学生，Lucy是一名来自加拿大的交换生，他们就多元文化对美国饮食的影响进行了交流。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Sun Yang：Hello， Lucy！ We learned Western culture yesterday in class.Today 1. （我们将谈谈文化对美国食物的影响）.
Lucy：OK！ I want to have a better understanding about it.
Sun Yang：2. （当谈及美国饮食时）， some say no food was ever invented in America.What do you think？
Lucy：Hmm ...That is not really true.For example，3. （有人说汉堡原产于德国的汉堡市）， but they are wrong.The recipe for the meat in a hamburger may have come from Germany， but the final hamburger we know today was definitely created by Americans.
Sun Yang：4. （你的意思是有一种文化的融合）？Food from overseas changed when it arrived in the States.
Lucy：Yes.I also know that nachos was invented by a Mexican cook for his American customers.Fortune cookies are not Chinese.
Sun Yang：Wow！ That’s interesting！
Lucy：And then we have gumbo， the spicy stew.It was invented in New Orleans over 200 years ago， and mixes French， African， Native American， and Spanish cooking.
Sun Yang：5. （所以它是许多不同文化的食物）， all in one dish？
Lucy：Exactly.American cooking often mixes things from around the world to make something completely new.
diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的
【教材原句】 In this unit， you will explore the diverse cultures of the world.
在本单元，你将探索世界上多种多样的文化。
【用法】
（1）diverse cultures 多种多样的文化 diverse views 不同的观点 （2）diversity n. 差异（性）；不同（点）；多样性 a great diversity of 多种多样的 （3）diversely adv. 多样地
【佳句】 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures， each of which uses it differently.
英语是几种不同文化共同使用的语言，每种文化使用英语的方式都不同。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①One of the best ways to improve your vocabulary is to read widely and （diverse）.
②It was 21 February， the International Mother Language Day， a day to celebrate language and cultural （diverse）.
【写美】 完成句子
③I must grasp this precious opportunity to .我一定要抓住这次宝贵的机会，体验不同国家的美食。
fortune n.机会；运气；财富
【教材原句】 Every Chinese restaurant in America has fortune cookies.
美国的每一家中餐厅都有幸运曲奇。
【用法】
（1）have a good fortune 好运 try one’s fortune 碰运气 make a fortune 发财 （2）fortunate adj. 幸运的 be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事 （3）fortunately adv. 幸运地
【佳句】 Nowadays there are more and more young people seeking their fortune in big cities and dreaming of making a fortune overnight.
现在有越来越多的年轻人在大城市闯世界，并梦想着一夜暴富。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I am fortunate （have） a thoughtful enough mom to help me through the hard times.
② （fortune）， it was my teacher who taught me how to open the door to writing and taste the enjoyment of writing.
【写美】 完成句子
③In China， children are given money in a red envelope in the New Year.
在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ
3 / 4Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing(3)
Part Ⅰ Talk about ethnic minority cultures in China
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
Ⅰ.话题词汇
1.origin 起源
2.religion 宗教信仰
3.minority 少数民族
4.feature 特色；特征
5.traditional 传统的
6.clothing 服饰
7.unique 独一无二的
8.marriage customs 婚礼习俗
9.ethnic group 少数民族群体
10.musical instrument 乐器
11.be different from 不同于
12.religious activities 宗教活动
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.Since the Qin Dynasty，various Chinese ethnic groups have lived together as a single nation.
自秦朝以来，中国各民族就作为一个单一国家生活在一起。
2.Today， in China there are 56 ethnic groups including the Han nationality.
今天，中国共有包括汉族在内的56个民族。
3.Of the 55 minority groups， the largest is the Zhuang nationality， with more than 19 million people.
在55个少数民族中，最大的是壮族，有1，900多万人口。
4.The Manchu people can be found in most China’s large cities.
中国大多数大城市都有满族人居住。
5.In Manchu culture， eating the meat of dogs or any product coming from dogs is shunned.
在满族文化中，吃狗肉或任何狗肉制品都是禁忌。
6.Only a small part of the Manchu people are still keeping the custom.
只有一小部分满族人仍然保持着这种习俗。
7.The Dai people like sticky， spicy and acid food.
傣族人喜欢吃糯食、辣食和酸食。
8.You should take shoes off at the door when you enter a bamboo house.
当你进入竹屋时，你应该把鞋子脱下并放在门口。
9.The Water-Splashing Festival is the traditional festival of the Dai minority.
泼水节是傣族的传统节日。
10.Their clothing has distinctive features which vary from place to place.
他们的服装各具特色且各地也不相同。
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
情境：色彩在每个国家和民族都有着不同的含义，下面两人正在就黄色在中国的内涵展开对话。
A：Why are there so many yellow things？ 1. （在中国，黄色是幸运色吗）？
B： Oh， no.In fact， yellow is 2. （……的象征） the royal family.
A： Just like the pattern dragon， right？
B： 3. （没错）.Here is the Nine-dragon screen.
A： Oh， it’s really beautiful.I want to 4. （拍个照） here.
B： Sure， this is really a good picture.
1 / 2Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
省 略
①And what a city （it is） — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
②My hotel is near downtown， in the Mission District， （which is） one of the oldest parts of the city.
③This district used to be a poor area of town， but （this district） is now a centre for art， music， and food.
④（It is） A real mix of cultures here！
⑤What great food （it is）！
【我的发现】
（1）句④为 句中的省略。
（2）句①⑤为 句中的省略。
（3）句③为 句中的省略。
（4）句②为 句中的省略。
为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
一、简单句中的省略
1.省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
（It） Looks like rain now.
现在（天）看起来要下雨。
（You） Be sure not to make any noise.
（你）一定不要制造出任何噪声。
2.省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，通常省略宾语。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t （have a knowledge of first aid）.
他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。
She washed （the shirt）， ironed （the shirt）， and folded the shirt.
她洗了（衬衫）， 并且把它熨好、叠好。
3.省略主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分）：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语（或谓语的一部分）同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
（You come） This way， please.
请这边走。（省略了主语和谓语）
（Have you） Got any ink？
你有墨水吗？（省略了主语和谓语的一部分）
【即时演练1】 用“＝”划掉句中可以省略的部分（忽略大小写）
①I see you tomorrow.
②—Are you feeling better now？
—I am feeling much better now.
③The lightning flashed and the thunder crashed.
④I consider him to be lazy.
⑤Today I met her at the barber’s shop.
⑥—Are you a teacher？
—No， but I used to be a teacher.
⑦The heavy rain prevented him from coming.
二、并列句中的省略
1.在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重复。
When summer comes， the day is getting longer and longer， and the night （is getting） shorter and shorter.
当夏天来临，白天变得越来越长，夜晚变得越来越短。
My brother likes sports and I （like） music.
我弟弟喜欢体育，我喜欢音乐。
Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and （Jeff） added in some milk.
杰夫在盘子里打了两个鸡蛋，并加了一些牛奶。
2.有时由于上下文语境很明显，后一分句中的一些词语也可省略。
They tried their best but （they tried） in vain.
他们尽力了，但是白费劲。
（Give me） One more chance and I’ll surely succeed.
再给我一次机会，我一定会成功。
名师点津
在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分。
Tom picked up a wallet in the road and （Tom） handed it to a policeman.
汤姆在马路上捡到一个钱包并把它交给了警察。
三、复合句中的省略
1.状语从句中的省略
（1）状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同或从句主语是it， 且从句谓语是系动词be的某种形式时，从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略。
（2）从句与主句中的相同部分也可以省略。
While （I was） walking along the street， I heard my name called.
当我在街上散步时，我听到有人叫我的名字。
When （it is） heated， ice can be turned into water.冰被加热后，可以变成水。
If （it is） possible， you can reply to me as soon as possible.
如果可能的话，你可以尽快回复我。
2.定语从句中的省略
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时，可以省略关系代词。
My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit （that） we had ever eaten.
我丈夫和我都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。
The way （in which/that） he speaks to us is really annoying.
他对我们讲话的方式真是令人讨厌。
3.宾语从句中的省略
及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
We hope （that） such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.
我们希望这样的关注能激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。
He said （that） the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该用心学习。
【即时演练2】 写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed.
②Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
③Whenever it is possible， he will come to my help.
四、其他情况的省略
1.动词不定式的省略
（1）当动词不定式在形容词afraid， anxious， eager， glad， happy， ready， willing等后作状语时，常省略与前句重复的to后面的内容。
You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to （answer the question）.
如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
（2）某些使役动词（如make， let， have等）和感官动词（如see， watch， notice， observe， hear等）后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to；但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则不能省略to。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
→She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.
我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。
（3）作介词but， except， beside的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式（短语）常省略to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
他所能做的只有等着瞧。
（4）当动词不定式在be going to， be able to， have to， ought to， used to后作复合谓语时，动词不定式可以省略。
They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to （visit their parents）.
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
2.使用so， not等时的省略
①—Can you finish your work today？
—I think so./I don’t think so./I think not.
——你今天能完成工作吗？
——我认为能。/我认为不能。
②—The boys are not doing a good job at all， are they？
—I guess not.
——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？
——我猜是没做好。
句①中so相当于I can finish my work today；not相当于I can’t finish my work today；句②中第二个not相当于the boys are not doing a good job。
3.介词的省略
一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动词-ing形式。常见结构如下：
（1）have difficulty/trouble （in） doing sth
（2）be busy （in） doing sth
（3）spend some time （in） doing sth
（4）stop/prevent sb （from） doing sth
The heavy rain prevented him （from） arriving there on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
【即时演练3】 补全下列句中省略的介词
①I’m sorry to tell you that Diane won’t be here （ ） Friday.
②I can’t stop them （ ） going there.
③I have some trouble （ ） learning English.
fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.（可）折小；（可）叠平
【教材原句】 I really like that paper folding book， and my son likes that paper folding book， too.
我真的很喜欢那本折纸书，并且我的儿子也喜欢那本折纸书。
【用法】
（1）fold （up） 折叠；对折 fold one’s arms 双臂交叉在胸前 （2）unfold v. （使）展开；打开 folding adj. 可折叠的；折叠式的
【佳句】 I folded the handkerchief and put it in my pocket. （读后续写之动作描写）
我折好手帕，把它放进我的口袋里。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I finished my coffee， （fold） my newspaper and stood up.
【写美】 完成句子
②The young man lay on the sofa and soon fell asleep.
那个年轻人双臂交叉躺在沙发上，很快就睡着了。
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ
5 / 5
