UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
1.become an astronaut 当一名宇航员
2.the selection procedure 选拔程序
3.mental and physical training 精神和身体方面的训练
4.180 centimetres in height 身高180厘米
5.a space rocket 一枚太空火箭
6.a remote frontier settlement 一个边远地区定居点
7.escape Earth’s gravity 摆脱地球的引力
8.an electric vehicle 一辆电动车
9.a weather satellite 一颗气象卫星
10.a travel agency 一家旅行社
11.transmit data 传输数据
12.Shenzhou 13 spacecraft “神舟十三号”飞船
13.the first Chinese spacewalk 中国首次太空行走
1.mental adj.精神的;思想的
The activity benefited both her mental and physical health.
这项活动有益于她的身心健康。
2.intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的
①As far as I know, he’s a highly intelligent man.
据我所知,他是一个非常有智慧的人。
②It is believed that the development of artificial intelligence will have a positive impact on our lives in the near future.
人们认为,人工智能的发展在不久的将来会对我们的生活产生积极的影响。
3.determine vt.查明;确定;决定
①No matter what you determine to do, I would side with you.
不管你决定做什么,我都会支持你。
②We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and determination. (主旨升华句)
我们应该以勇气和决心克服我们的弱点和恐惧。
③As a patient and determined teenager, he can do what he desires with patience. (人物描写)
作为一个有耐心和决心的青少年,他可以耐心地做他想做的事情。
4.launch vt.& n.发射;发起;上市
Lacking enough experience, I don’t know how to launch such a campaign.
由于缺乏足够的经验,我不知道如何开展这样的活动。
5.disappointment n.失望;沮丧
①To our great disappointment, it rained on the day of the picnic.
使我们大失所望的是,野餐那天下起雨来了。
②Our teacher told us that she was rather disappointed at the disappointing result of the test.
我们的老师告诉我们,她对令人失望的考试结果感到相当失望。
6.desire n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
①I had a strong desire to help and care for others.
我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的渴望。
②If you truly desire to achieve success in life, you must be willing to overcome difficulties on the way to reaching your goals and dreams.
如果你真的渴望在生活中取得成功,你必须愿意克服实现目标和梦想道路上的困难。
7.independent adj.独立的;自立的
Now that you have got a job, you should learn to be independent of your parents.
既然你已经有了工作,你就应该学会不依赖你的父母。
8.signal vt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号 n.信号;标志
①I waved to the waiter, signalling (to) him to bring the menu.
我向服务员挥手,示意他把菜单拿来。
②The driver rushed the injured to the hospital immediately, ignoring the traffic signals all the way. (动作描写)
司机匆忙把伤者送到了医院,忽视了一路上的交通信号灯。
1.mental adj.精神的;思想的→mentally adv.精神上;智力上;思想上
2.intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n.智力;才智;智慧 →intelligently adv.聪明地;明智地
3.determine vt.查明;确定;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determination n.决心;测定;果断
4.transmit vt.& vi.传输;发送→transmission n.发送;传递
5.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的→disappoint v.使失望;使破灭→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望;沮丧
6.independent adj.独立的;自立的→independently adv.独立地;自立地→independence n.独立;自主;自立
1.on board 在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
2.carry on 继续做,坚持干
3.in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望
4.so as to (do sth) 为了;以便
5.look up at the stars 仰望星空
6.believe in 相信;信任
7.go wrong 出错;出故障
8.make great progress 取得很大进步
9.realise that dream 实现那个梦想
10.step onto the moon 踏上月球
1.句型公式:动词不定式短语作后置定语
教材原句:Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.
之后,苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
2.句型公式:while引导让步状语从句
教材原句:However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而,虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望,但是,(人类)探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
3.句型公式:because引导表语从句
教材原句:This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性,哪怕面临巨大的风险。
2 / 3Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
1.a recycling plant 一个废品回收加工厂
2.muscle tissue 肌肉组织
3.use current technology 使用当前的技术
4.watch soap operas 看肥皂剧
5.sufficient food and water 足够的食物和水
6.a bath towel 一条浴巾
7.make full use of solar energy 充分利用太阳能
8.buy a new microwave 买一个新微波炉
9.various sports facilities 各种各样的体育设施
10.fatal diseases 致命性疾病
11.high-end products 高端的产品
12.bury her face in the pillow 把她的脸埋在枕头里
13.a smartphone operating system 一个智能手机操作系统
14.absorb oxygen 吸收氧气
15.an irregular sleeping pattern 一种不规律的睡眠模式
16.heart monitors 心脏监测器
1.recycle vt.回收利用;再利用
It is of great importance to recycle reusable garbage as much as possible in our daily lives.
在我们的日常生活中,尽可能回收可重复使用的垃圾是非常重要的。
2.lack n.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
①He lacked confidence, which led to his failure.
缺乏自信导致了他的失败。
②As the old saying goes,“Hard work can make up for lack of intelligence.”
常言道:“勤能补拙。”
3.beyond prep.在更远处;超出
①The good view on the top of the hill is beyond description.
山顶上的美景难以形容。
②It is beyond belief that he won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.
他在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖,真是难以置信。
4.keen adj.热衷的;渴望的
①Our school is planning to form a ski club, whose aim is to help keen skiers learn skiing.
我们学校正计划成立一个滑雪俱乐部,其目的是帮助热衷于滑雪的人学习滑雪。
②Knowing you’re always keen on traditional Chinese art, I’m writing to invite you to watch it.
知道你一直热衷于中国传统艺术,我写信邀请你去观看。
5.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
①They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.
他们就度假的最佳去处互相争论起来。
② I argued for the proposal while my friend argued against it.
我赞成这个提议,而我朋友反对它。
6.attach vt.系;绑;贴
①Generally speaking, parents attach great importance to their children’s education.
一般说来,父母很重视他们孩子的教育。
②With more importance attached to traditional culture these years, hanfu has become increasingly popular.
近年来,随着对传统文化的更加重视,汉服越来越受欢迎。
1.globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→global adj.全球的;全世界的;全面的→globally adv.全球地
2.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论→argument n.争论;争吵;论点
3.analysis n.(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析;分析结果→analyse vt.分析
4.regular adj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularly adv.经常;定期地
5.limited adj.有限的→limit n.限度;限制;境界,界限,范围 vt.限制;限量→limitation n.限制;局限
6.attach vt.系;绑;贴→attachment n.附件→attached adj.附属的
7.mystery n.神秘事物;谜→mysterious adj.神秘的;奇怪的
1.figure out 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
2.in closing 最后
3.provide for sb 提供生活所需
4.as a result 结果(是);所以
5.result in 导致;造成
6.run out 用完;耗尽
7.make a difference 产生影响
8.find immediate solutions to other problems 尽快找到其他问题的解决方案
9.a shallow view 一种肤浅的观点
10.be transmitted to scientists on Earth 传送给地球上的科学家
11.promote technological improvements 推动科技进步
12.meet the requirements for space exploration 满足太空探索的要求
1.句型公式:动词-ing短语作主语
教材原句:Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
首先,探索太空在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中已经发挥了作用。
2.句型公式:be+形容词+to do
教材原句:It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
为人们在太空找到一个新家是有必要的,因为地球上的资源将耗尽。
3.句型公式:倍数表达法
教材原句:Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山,高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
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