【培优方案】UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）外研英语必修第三册

UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.If you continue to heat the water， it will boil and turn into 　　　　　　（蒸汽）.
2.Don’t tell him your opinion because he has 　　　　　　（说话随便的） lips.
3.In other words， 　　　　　（解决） an argument cuts your negative feelings by half.
4.His 　　　　　　（策略） proved to be successful in dealing with the pollution.
5.After being educated by his father， Tom finally admitted his 　　　　　　（过错） yesterday.
6.He is the guy whose name is on everyone’s l　　　　　　 at the moment.
7.As is known to all， traffic s　　　　　　 tell drivers and pedestrians when to stop and go.
8.With the ship s　　　　　　 slowly， many passengers jumped into the water.
维度二：词形转换
1.We had great difficulty in 　　　　　　（breathe）， for the air was thin at the top of the hill.
2.　　　　　　 （concern） about the student， the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.
3.I couldn’t remember his name while talking with him， which made me very 　　　　　　　（embarrass）.
4.If the sensor is 　　　　　　　（fault）， this temperature will usually be quite high.
5.Mum makes me clean up my 　　　　　　（mess） room when she is cooking.
6.Adding fuel to the flames， of course it would make the situation 　　　　　　（bad）.
7.We have to admit that we were wrong，and 　　　　　（apology） to you for what happened.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.A swimmer can’t swim under water very long， because he must 　　　　　　　　　（深呼吸）.
2.He is a reliable person， and always willing to 　　　　　　　　　　　（帮他的朋友们一把） when they are in trouble.
3.Bob has never 　　　　　　　　　　（做好他的分内事）， and we all have to work harder to make up for his laziness.
4.Tom is determined to work hard this term， for he doesn’t want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　（让他的父母失望） again.
5.Many Internet companies encourage their workers to take exercise after work to 　　　　　　　　　　　　（宣泄情绪）.
6.He had measured me 　　　　　　　　　　　（我还没来得及插话）.
7.We will accept ultimate responsibility for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（发生的任何事情）.
8.I 　　　　　　　　　（迷恋） popular songs.I have a large collection of albums.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Ben， 17， is a member of the school basketball team.He is crazy 1.　　　　　　 basketball and pretty good at it， but his team 2.　　　　　　 （lose） the last match.In Ben’s opinion， the point guard was 3.　　　　　 （blame）.4.　　　　　　 （disappoint） by his behaviour， Ben told this to his best friend.However， his best friend told everyone else 5.　　　　　　 he’d said.Ben didn’t know what to do， so he asked Agony Aunt for help.
　　As far as Agony Aunt 6.　　　　　　　 （concern）， it is mainly his friend’s loose lips that make the situation worse.But it’s 7.　　　　　　 （part） Ben’s fault.She suggests that Ben should apologise to his teammate first.Secondly， Ben should talk to his friend and tell him that he is angry with him for 8.　　　　　　 （repeat） what he said and making the situation worse， 9.　　　　　　 that he wants to move on.Thirdly， Ben should think about his own behaviour and always remember：think first， speak later.If he feels one of his teammates isn’t pulling their 10.　　　　　　 （weigh）， then he should raise his concerns in a professional way with his team coach.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Friendship is a beautiful relationship. While some friendships tend to come to an end as we grow in life， there are some rare and special ones that are meant to last forever. No matter how many years pass by， the connection stays alive.
　　Two childhood best friends who were “joined at the hip” as kids were reunited over a half century later — when they least expected it.
　　Irene Gresty and Janet Henderson were neighbours in the 1940s， growing up in England， but like many friends， they lost touch over the years. After getting married， Gresty moved with her husband who was in the navy and was shipped to many foreign places. However， Gresty， despite living in many countries， loved her own country. Gresty said， “I loved the area where I grew up， so I wanted to settle down to enjoy retirement （退休）.” Thanks to an event hosted by Bield Housing and Care， a non-profit organization devoted to supporting residents over 55 years old， finally they met each other. Gresty said， “We sat down beside each other and she turned to me and said ‘Is that you Irene？’ and I just laughed and said ‘Yes. Are you Janet？’” They couldn’t believe that they were meeting each other after so long. They spent the rest of the afternoon talking to each other.
　　Henderson said that it is usual in life for people to often move away from the area and lose contact. As their family names changed， Henderson couldn’t recognize her friend’s name despite being told about her. The two have promised to never stay long without seeing each other. They exchanged numbers so they could meet in the future. They have many years to catch up on everything they have missed.
1.What does the underlined part “joined at the hip” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Grow fast.　　　　 B.Work hard.
C.Hang around.　 D.Stay together.
2.What made Gresty return to England？（　　）
A.Her friends’ invitation. B.Her husband’s new job.
C.Her interest in traveling. D.Her love for her hometown.
3.Which of the following best describes Gresty and Henderson’s reunion？（　　）
A.Unexpected.　 B.Resultless.
C.Long-planned.　 D.Well-organized.
4.What did Gresty and Henderson promise to do next？（　　）
A.Keep in touch. B.Travel abroad.
C.Post their stories. D.Make more friends.
B
　　When you are a kid， gaining a best friend forever can happen in a single play date. But when you grow up to be an adult， making and maintaining friendships gets harder. So how much quality time （优质时光） do you need before that stranger becomes your friend？ A study recently found that， on average， it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual （感情不深的） friend， about 90 hours before you become real friends， and about 200 hours to become close friends.
　　The study’s author Jeffrey Hall， a communications professor， invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments — people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen. He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person. “Results suggest that the chance of changing from casual friend to real friend is greater than 50% after around 80－100 hours together，” said Hall.
　　The study found that the amount of time spent talking together， or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them， was unrelated to friendship closeness. “It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people as they are routinely in the same place at the same time as you，” Hall said. “However， my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.”
　　You do not need to become best friends with your workmates to develop meaningful relationships with them. But for those of us hoping to change from “girl who I eat lunch at work with” to “friend I can depend on”， Hall suggests that you need to take the relationship out of the workplace for it to become a friendship. The participants who did activities outside of work with someone， such as being invited to have lunch in their home， were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
5.What is the study mainly about？（　　）
A.Ways of making friends in a new environment.
B.Why people need to make different friends.
C.Different levels of friendship.
D.How long it takes to develop a friendship.
6.What do we know about the participants in the study？（　　）
A.They knew each other before.
B.They had difficulty in making new friends.
C.They were in great need of friends.
D.They started their new life in the same city.
7.What does the underlined word “routinely” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Usually.　 B.Actively.
C.Seldom.　 D.Confidently.
8.Which can help people build deeper relationships with workmates according to Hall？（　　）
A.Joining the same work team.
B.Having lunch at work with them.
C.Inviting them to your home after work.
D.Sharing work experience with each other.
C
　　Hundreds of friends on Facebook can’t replace a handful of close friends in real life， a study has found.In a recent study， researchers discovered that people with only a few friends were at least as happy as those with far more if many of theirs were online.
　　Social media， the researchers said， has encouraged younger people to have larger but more impersonal networks of “friends”.But instead of trying to amass friends， they added， a better cure for loneliness might be spending time with those you’re closest to.
　　Scientists from the University of Leeds did their study using data from two online surveys on 1，496 people by a non-profit research organization.People taking part in the study showed their ages， the make-up of their social networks， how often they had different types of social interactions， and their own feelings of well-being.They included details of how often and how they interacted with families or neighbors， and whether they included people who provided services to them in their networks.
　　The number of close friends someone had appeared to be the only thing which influenced how satisfied they were with their social life.
　　“Loneliness has less to do with the number of friends you have， and more to do with how you feel about your friends，” said Dr W ndi Bruine de Bruin.Actually， it’s often the younger adults who admit to having a bad opinion of their friends.
　　If you feel lonely， it may be more helpful to make a positive connection with a friend than to try and seek out new people to meet.
9.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “amass” in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.play the role of
B.think highly of
C.take advantage of
D.increase the number of
10.What can be learned from the scientists’ study？（　　）
A.Scientists did one online survey on 1，496 people.
B.People surveyed mentioned new forms of social networks.
C.People surveyed showed their ways to interact with families.
D.The number of friends was the only cause of people’s happiness.
11.What makes people happy in social life？（　　）
A.Living alone. B.Having close friends.
C.Having good appearance. D.Making as many friends as possible.
12.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text？（　　）
A.To advise us to make friends online.
B.To show us the importance of friends.
C.To present us with the findings of a study.
D.To tell us the problems caused by loneliness.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　People disagree about meaningful and small matters on a daily basis. Sometimes you know if you speak your mind you will upset someone. However， you often must express your opinion even if you know others will disagree. By choosing your words carefully you can avoid long-term offense （冒犯）.
　　·Ask people about their perspective （观点）. Before being honest about how you feel， it’s important to know their perspective. This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation.13.（　　） They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective.
　　·Put yourself in their shoes. One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements.14.（　　） Practise imagining how they view their own opinion and yours. Just because their perspective is different doesn’t mean it’s wrong.
　　·15.（　　） Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious negative behaviors such as making a face or making fun of their ideas.
　　·Be polite in your responses. Whenever you try to avoid hurting others， it is best to speak with kindness. Simple acts of kindness can make a big difference. They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn’t all about you speaking your mind.16.（　　）
　　·Express your perspective as opinion， not fact. This shows you value their perspective， even if you know the facts back you up. If they have an open mind， facts will change their perspective. If they do not have an open mind， facts will feel like personal attacks.17.（　　） Allow them to discover the truth in their own way， not yours.
A.They have a right to be incorrect.
B.It’s about them feeling valued.
C.Control your words and body language.
D.If they said that to you， would you be upset？
E.Listening to others’ opinion is a very powerful way.
F.Use facts and try to avoid letting your emotions run high.
G.This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest.
5 / 5课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.steam　2.loose　3.resolving　4.strategy　5.fault　6.lips
7.signals　8.sinking
维度二
1.breathing　2.Concerned　3.embarrassed　4.faulty
5.messy 　6.worse　7.apologise
维度三
1.take a deep breath
2.help his friends out
3.pulled his weight
4.let his parents down
5.let off steam
6.before I could get in a word
7.whatever happens
8.am crazy about
维度四
1.about　2.lost　3.to blame　4.Disappointed　5.what
6.is concerned　7.partly　8.repeating　9.but　10.weight
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Gresty和Henderson两人从小是好朋友，由于某种原因，两人失去了联系，但是半个世纪后两人重聚了。
1.D　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句子可知，半个世纪后两人重聚了，这说明两个人在小时候就是朋友，即两人小时候就待在一起。由此可知，画线短语joined at the hip意为“待在一起”。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Gresty said， “I loved the area where I grew up ...to enjoy retirement （退休）.”可知，Gresty对家乡的热爱使她回到英格兰。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Thanks to an event hosted ...each other after so long.可推知，Gresty和Henderson的重聚是出乎意料的。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The two have promised ...they have missed.可推知，Gresty和Henderson承诺接下来两人会保持联系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。
5.D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段第二句可推知，该研究主要是研究发展一段友谊需要多长时间。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，研究者邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验。由此可知，这项研究的参与者都是希望交朋友的人。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的in the same place at the same time as you可知，作为学生或者同事，在一起很容易的原因是人们经常同时出现在同一个场所。由此可知，画线词的意思与usually意义相近。
8.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，下班之后，邀请同事到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，亲密朋友的数量似乎是影响一个人对社交生活满意度的唯一因素。
9.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，研究人员表示，社交媒体鼓励年轻人拥有更大但更非个人的“朋友”网络。But表示转折，下文研究人员补充说，治疗孤独的更好方法可能是花时间和你最亲近的人在一起，而不是试图增加朋友的数量。由此可知，画线词意为“增加数量”。
10.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They included details of how often ... who provided services to them in their networks.可知，从研究中可以看出被调查的人和家人之间互动交流的方式。
11.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，拥有亲密的朋友让人们在社交生活中感到快乐。
12.C　写作意图题。文章第一段指出一项研究发现，接着介绍了这项研究的展开过程和研究结果。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是向我们展示一项研究的结果。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们几条关于如何在不伤害他人感情的情况下保持诚实的建议。
13.G　空前后两句说明询问别人观点带来的好处。G项（这也会给你机会说出自己的想法，做到诚实）符合语境。
14.D　根据上文可知，要站在别人的角度考虑问题。避免伤感情的最简单的方法之一就是想象一下他们会对你的话有何反应。D项（如果他们那样对你说，你会生气吗？）符合语境。
15.C　空处为段落主题句。根据下文making a face和making fun of their ideas可知，C项（控制你的言语和肢体语言）符合语境。
16.B　根据空前一句可知，这种情况不完全是说出你的想法。B项（而是让他们感到被重视）符合语境。
17.A　根据上下文可知，认为你说的不对是他们的权利，允许他们用自己的方式去发现真相。A项（他们有认为你不对的权利）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.duty　2.ensure　3.boxing　4.accident　5.core　6.adjust
7.forgave　8.embarrassment　9.criticising　10.annoyed
维度二
1.Seen from the hill
2.When asked for his views about his teaching job
3. Absorbed in the tough question
4.dressed up
5.Corrected by the teacher
6.Permitted by his manager
7.Decorated with new furniture and wallpaper
8.Moved by this music
9.awakened from a dream
10.Surrounded by a group of young people
维度三
1.given　2.Employed　3.reduced　4.collected　5.Designed
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于变色龙效应的研究，告诉我们人们通过习得他人的行为来拉近彼此之间的距离。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth可知，人们为了与他人建立联系，会习得他人的行为。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for， and the photograph was used to catch their attention to ensure unconscious acts.可知，实验者用一张照片吸引参与者的注意力来保证他们的无意识行为。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour， we develop more positive feelings about them.可推断出，实验表明人们倾向于那些喜欢模仿自己行为的人。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中变色龙效应的定义可知，随着时间的推移，丈夫和妻子有相似的行为是变色龙效应，这是因为他们经常在一起相处，会无意识地互相模仿。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现代社会中与邻居相处时可能遇到的噪音问题，并提出了解决这一问题的方法。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，应对吵闹的邻居的第一步是礼貌地和他们交谈，委婉地给他们提出建议。
6.C　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中even if引导让步状语从句，表明主从句之间的转折关系，结合下文建议自己戴耳塞可推知，即使有些声音打扰了你，但它们是“合理的”。所以reasonable与proper同义，意为“合理的”。
7.B　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句可知，即使有噪音，你也可以舒适地生活。
8.D　写作目的题。通读全文，结合第二、三段内容可知，本文的主要目的是告诉读者应该如何处理与吵闹邻居之间的关系，以维护良好的居住环境。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者回忆自己与好友相互鼓励、相互支持的故事。
9.C　根据下文when a pretty girl came into my sight可知，此处指的是作者环顾四周，看到一个漂亮的女孩。“环顾四周”应为look around。
10.A　根据上文She said， “Hi， my name is Katie.”可知，这是两个人初次见面，结合空前的After class可知，作者和Katie立刻成了朋友。
11.A　根据下文everyone knew that if you saw one of us， you’d likely see the other可知，此处指的是作者和Katie形影不离。
12.C　根据下文But I joined the robotics club可知，作者加入了机器人俱乐部，而Katie加入了拉拉队。
13.B　机器人俱乐部应该是每天都在修补机器和编程。
14.A　根据下文we had less time to hang out可知，作者和Katie没时间闲逛了。由此可知，她们两个都很忙。
15.B　根据下文Her coach had been criticizing her可知，教练总批评Katie，所以她与教练关系不好。tough意为“困难的”，符合语境。
16.D　根据上文Katie加入了拉拉队可知，教练的批评应该是与动作相关。
17.A　根据上文I was working on a robot and couldn’t get it to function可知，作者在修理机器人时遇到了麻烦。由此可知，此处指的是不能使机器人正常地运行。
18.D　此处指的是失去梦想，你就死了。
19.C　Katie加入的是拉拉队，所以此处指的是拉拉队队员。
20.A　根据上文that she could overcome any obstacle with hard work可知，此处与hard work并列，且结合语境可知，克服障碍需要的是努力和决心。
21.B　根据上文After the chat Katie started to feel better about herself.She even tried out for the team captain position.可知，Katie虽然没有成为队长，但自己努力过，所以此处指的是为此感到自豪。
22.C　根据下文but we helped each other believe in ourselves可知，作者和Katie帮助彼此相信自己，所以此处指的是支持。
23.D　作者与Katie相识多年，相互支持，这是本文的中心主题，所以此处指的是友谊的力量。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究，建议人们和朋友联系时应该打电话而不是发短信。
24.to get　考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth想要做某事。故填to get。
25.or　考查连词。send a text和make a phone call之间为选择关系。故填or。
26.（should） call　考查虚拟语气。suggest作“建议”讲时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“（should＋）动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。故填（should） call。
27.sending　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的instead of可知，此处要用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填sending。
28.thought　考查动词的时态。结合上文的asked可知，此处要用一般过去时。故填thought。
29.actually　考查词形转换。分析句子可知，此处修饰整个句子，应用副词。故填actually。
30.better　考查形容词的比较级。根据上文a phone call would be more awkward可知，此处表示“听到某人的声音会使和朋友联系的体验更好”，暗含比较，应用比较级。故填better。
31.on　考查介词。on the other hand“另一方面”。故填on。
32.it　考查代词。make＋it＋adj.＋to do sth为固定结构，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语to understand the true meaning of a conversation。故填it。
33.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the words and punctuation，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用that或which引导定语从句。故填that或which。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Weaving　2.justify　3.apart　4.tears　5.Moreover
6.independent　7.latter　8.frank
维度二
1.independently　2.tore　3.Frankly　4.tangled
5.justified/justifiable
维度三
1.Every time he arrived home
2.even if/even though you don’t succeed
3.in advance
4.The more you speak English
5.so that
6.protect animals from being hunted
维度四
1.lying　2.honestly　3.to protect　4.better
5.disappointment　6.despite　7.comments　8.a
9.when　10.have had
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了父母应该如何对孩子进行有效的反馈。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可以推断出，作者提到他参加Toastmasters的经历是为了说明适当反馈的必要性。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，①和④是有效的反馈。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词上句和画线词后的them on to reach the finish line可知，画线词和上文的encourage意义一致。所以，画线词和D项Inspire意义一致。
4.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了父母应该如何对孩子进行有效的反馈。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了说闲话的影响，分析了人们为什么喜欢传闲话。
5.A　推理判断题。第一、二段描述了两个人说别人闲话的场景。第三段叙述了说闲话这种事几乎人人都会做。下文接着叙述说闲话的三个影响。由此推知，文章开头引用两人的交谈是为了引出“说闲话”这个话题。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句可知，流言会伤害被谈论的人。由此可推知，流言会给被谈论的人带来不愉快的经历。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的The answer lies in another effect of gossip： the satisfaction it gives us.可知，散播流言能给人带来满足感，即快乐的感觉。
8.B　细节理解题。根据第六段中的Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviour in a group.可知，流言在管理群体行为方面很重要。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，如果想和交谈的人感觉更亲近，应该给他们打电话而不是发短信。
9.C　词义猜测题。根据Although可知，主从句之间为让步关系，结合下文it actually made the experience better以及they did not feel uncomfortable可知，尽管人们认为打电话会让人更难堪，但实际上这让体验变得更好。所以画线词的意思是“令人尴尬的”。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They found that both forms ...they communicated via text.可知，根据这项研究，打电话比发电子邮件有优势是因为它拉近了人们的距离。
11.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的as they can organize information ...by the other person可知，人们认为发短信很方便是因为他们可以在不被打扰的情况下把自己的意思表达清楚。
12.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it is able to figure out ...possible meanings behind words可知，人们可以通过电话更容易地相互理解。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了父母应该告诉青少年关于友情的一些事情。
13.G　上文指出家长不能操控青少年的友情，下文介绍了父母应该告诉青少年关于友情的一些事情。由此可知，设空处与上文内容形成转折关系，且与家长和孩子就交友方面进行沟通有关，故G项符合语境。G项中的they指代上文中的Parents， their teens呼应上文中的their teenagers， friendship呼应上文中的friends和friendships。
14.F　本部分指出友情是一种真实的联系。F项与空前一句对这种真实的联系作出了解释：让青少年开诚布公地说出自己的感受，且不用担心被评价。F项中的they指代上文中的teenagers， do so指代上文中的speak honestly and openly about how they are feeling。
15.B　B项（并不是所有的青少年友情都能天长地久）呼应本部分小标题Friendships Change，符合语境。B项中的teen， friendships， last与下文中的teens， Friendships， last是原词复现关系。
16.E　本部分指出青少年之间有矛盾很正常，青少年的友情可以帮助他们学会如何化解矛盾、谅解对方。由此可知，即使青少年之间有了争执，也并不意味着友情会结束，故E项符合语境。E项中的that指代上文中的have fights and disagreements。
17.D　本段是全文总结段，指出友情在青少年生活中很重要。根据空前一句可知，设空处应该与青少年友情的重要性有关，D项（它们是迈向成年的重要部分）符合语境。D项中的They指代上文中的teen friendships。
Ⅲ.
My Best Friend
　　It’s true that everyone has his or her best friend.My best friend is Li Ping， who is a lively and easy-going girl in my class.Not only does she do well in her academic subjects， but she is also ready to help others.
　　Undoubtedly， what brings us together are common interests and hobbies.There are two things that we enjoy doing together： reading literary works and listening to classical music.More importantly， we share similar views on life and the world around us.
　　As emotional creatures， we human beings need family affection as well as friendship.Without friends， our lives would be like a wild desert.
Section Ⅳ　Writing an essay
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了班级里的一名学生总是在课堂上问愚蠢的问题，最后作者明白实际上她在课堂上问的问题都是为了帮助一位因严重社交焦虑而不敢在课堂上提问的朋友。
1.B　根据上文I always considered her to be really foolish可知，作者经常认为她很愚蠢。consider为原词复现。
2.D　根据上文可知，那个女孩总是问很多愚蠢且荒唐的问题，故而会引起一阵哄堂大笑。
3.A　根据下文Although nobody could prove that she was actually cheating可知，没有人可以证实她的确是在作弊。由此可推知，此处表示有同学说她是在作弊。cheating为原词复现。
4.B　根据上文可知，那个女孩在课堂上问的都是一些愚蠢的问题。由此可推知，她在课堂上看起来应该不是很聪明。
5.C　根据语境可知，此处表示尽管没人可以证明她在考试中作弊，但是每个人都完全相信她作弊。
6.A　这名学生经常在课堂上问一些愚蠢的问题，但每次考试都在班里名列前茅，作者对此感到好奇。
7.B　作者对女孩为何总问愚蠢问题却能考得很好充满好奇，最终决定找到原因。
8.C　根据上文her friend was severely socially anxious可知，女孩的朋友在课堂上不敢提问，也不敢向他人寻求帮助。
9.D　女孩的朋友社交焦虑程度很严重，不敢在课堂上提问，由此可推知，她会把课堂上遇到的问题写下来，然后这个女孩再帮她去问。
10.C　根据下文With her help可知，此处指女孩替她的朋友问问题。上文多次出现的ask为原词复现。
11.C　根据语境可知，此处表示在女孩的帮助下，她的朋友在学业上取得了进步。
12.D　女孩帮助她有严重社交焦虑的朋友在课堂上提问，并帮她取得了进步，而这个女孩却因为问愚蠢的问题而遭受偏见。由此可推知，这是一个令人感动的故事。
13.A　作者刚开始认为那个女孩很傻，下文解释了女孩经常问一些愚蠢问题的原因，作者深受感动。由此可推知，作者经过这件事后改变了自己对他人的评判方式。
14.B　根据下文可以推知，作者从这件事中也得到了一个经验教训。teach sb a lesson为固定搭配，表示“给某人一个经验教训”。
15.B　根据语境可知，作者从这个经历中感悟出来的道理是：当朋友需要我们的时候，在他们身边给予支持并不总是一件容易的事情。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。在去往费城的飞机上，一位好心人给Zwick和她生病的女儿让出头等舱，这让Zwick感到这个世界非常美好。
16.finally　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，这里修饰动词got，应用副词。故填finally。
17.earlier　考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，此处表示“本周早些时候”，应用比较级形式。故填earlier。
18.treatment　考查词形转换。介词for后应用名词。故填treatment。
19.a　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处填冠词，泛指一个，且big的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
20.settled　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处在从句中作谓语。根据主句中的谓语动词was surprised可知，此处用一般过去时。故填settled。
21.who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，又因为先行词是a flight attendant。故填who。
22.tears　考查名词的单复数。hold back tears“忍住泪水”。故填tears。
23.caring　考查非谓语动词。介词for后应用动词-ing形式。故填caring。
24.to show　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth想要做某事。故填to show。
25.It　考查代词。此处指代上文中的a random act of kindness，此空位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填It。
Ⅲ.
　　At the exhibition， Tom met many old friends. They all came to support Jerry， and they were all impressed by Jerry’s works. Tom felt happy and proud to see how much Jerry had accomplished. They spent the whole day at the exhibition， talking and laughing， recalling the good old days they had spent together. Some of Jerry’s paintings reminded Tom of specific memories， and he shared those stories with their friends， making everyone laugh.
　　With the bunch of flowers， Tom still kept looking for Jerry. He finally found Jerry in a corner， busy signing autographs for his fans. Jerry looked up and saw Tom.His eyes widened with surprise and delight. Tom walked up to Jerry and handed him the flowers， saying， “Congratulations， Jerry. Your works are amazing.” Jerry thanked him and hugged him tightly. They stood there for a moment， enjoying the warmth of their friendship. Before leaving， Tom promised Jerry that he would always be there for him， no matter what.Jerry smiled and thanked him once again， knowing that their friendship would always be a source of strength and inspiration for both of them.
UNIT 2　Making a difference
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.fountain　2.recycle　3.funded　4.internal　5.earns　6.insights
维度二
1.effective　2.shortage　3.contribution 　4.donations
5.reality　6.relief　7.perseverance　8.earnings
维度三
1.turn out
2.broke into a smile
3.have no trouble in getting a job
4.set up
5.make a difference
6.benefit from
7.that his poem won first prize
8.after which we had supper at a restaurant
维度四
1.believing　2.to help　3.was told　4.actually　5.months
6.finished　7.who/that　8.a　9.but　10.reality
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者下班回家堵在拥挤的车道上，这时一辆救护车从后面驶来，人们都自发让出车道，让救护车顺利通过，这一举动展现了人性的善良。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Ahead of me is a heavily ...of vehicles， depressed.可知，当看到拥挤不堪的入口匝道时，作者感到沮丧。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者认为桥上挤满了车，没有移动的空间让救护车通过。由此可知，当知道救护车即将到来时，作者认为它将很难通过。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，桥上的车辆全部自发地让出车道，让救护车顺利通过。由此可知，这种善良的举动让作者感到惊奇。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，我们发挥我们的同情心，展现了人性的善良，在无任何指令的情况下，帮助了比我们更迫切需要时间的陌生人。由此推知，作者认为是人们的善良促成了奇迹的发生。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为了向抗癌的父亲表示敬意，来自美国马里兰州的Emily Bhatnagar发起了一场图书募捐活动， 为患癌的儿童筹集书籍。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，为了表示对生病的父亲的尊重，Emily决定发起一场募捐活动。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的It was absolutely heartbreaking ...any shape or form.可知，Emily很清楚她的人生真谛是什么。
7.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的It was such an honour ...和最后一段中的The project has seen huge success ...可知，图书活动受到高度评价。
8.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Emily Bhatnagar发起了一场图书募捐活动，为患癌的儿童筹集书籍。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了TFA的成员Heinbach去美国欠发达地区志愿教书的经历。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The organization recruits （招聘） college graduates to help fill a teacher shortage in less developed areas of America.可知，TFA招聘大学毕业生是为了弥补美国贫困地区短缺的教师资源。
10.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的She has made up her mind to ...that exists between rich and poor communities.可知，Loren Heinbach 选择教书是为了改变不均衡的教育现状。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的The students there traditionally perform in the lowest 25% of national standards.可知，KIPP Academy的学生成绩较差。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Heinbach’s students say she has high standards and expectations.可推断，Loren Heinbach是一位严厉的老师。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条关于如何发掘个人潜力的建议。
13.E　根据Know Your Inner Voice和空后一句可知，要想弄明白自己真正想要的东西，就要先了解自己的内心。故E项（走向成功的第一步是倾听自己的内心）符合语境。E项中的listen to yourself呼应小标题中的Your Inner Voice。
14.A　上文指出了解你的潜力需要你在正确的方向上付出巨大的努力，而不是某一天突然就能领悟到。故A项（你必须努力去寻找答案）承接上文，符合语境。A项中的find answers呼应上文中的Understanding your potential。click意为“突然明白，豁然开朗”。
15.G　上文指出有些人想一下子就了解自己的潜力，下文指出那不是取得成功的方式，因此本空应该与那些人的做法相关。故G项（他们把注意力放在更大的愿景上，然后直接就去做）符合语境。G项中的They指代上文中的a lot of people，且set their mind on the bigger picture呼应上文中的aiming for the stars。aim for the stars志存高远，心比天高；first go第一次尝试。
16.D　根据Set Milestones （里程碑）以及It’s the baby steps that take you to your goal.和try to break down the long-term process into smaller parts可知，作者建议逐步地实现目标。故D项（逐步地，你将迈向自己的大目标）指出制定阶段性目标的结果，符合语境。
17.F　根据上文内容可知，失败是成功的一部分，作者建议要接受失败；再根据空后一句可知，设空处应指出It指代什么，且与失败产生的影响有关。故F项（失败并不意味着你必须改变你的道路）与下文内容形成转折关系，符合语境。下文中的It指代F项中的Failing，且F项中的mean与下文中的means是原词复现。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.mission　2.extended　3.royal　4.cancer 　5.diseases
6.registration　7.sensitive　8.assistance　9.confirmation
10.hesitates
维度二
1.The excited look
2.the encouraging news
3.drawn by the young man
4.addicted to their smartphones
5.to be published
6.looking up at the risen sun
7.held last week
8.next to a fallen tree
9.to escape from the burning house
10.adapted from our English text
维度三
1.adopted　2.hired　3.required　4.accepted　5.spent　6.advanced
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切实符合被捐赠者的需要，这才算是真正有帮助的捐助。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的We have absolutely no idea about ...or who it helps.可知，许多人捐款的时候并没有研究捐的钱去了哪里，买了什么，帮了谁，即忽视了慈善的过程。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Sometimes it makes matters worse.及后面慈善机构帮助非洲人安装水泵的例子可知，作者是用这个例子来证实有些慈善捐款的失败结果。
3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As a general rule of thumb ... the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.可知，在作者看来，捐款应该满足接受者的需求。
4.D　标题归纳题。文章主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切实符合被捐赠者的需要才算是真正有帮助的捐助。因此D项（我的捐款真的有用吗？）为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，随机做善事的人往往会低估受助者的感激程度，这种误判可能会阻碍许多人做好事，研究人员希望研究结果可以鼓舞更多人做好事。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Erin Alexander看完这条留言后感到很温暖。
6.B　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要描述整个实验的过程。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第五段第二句可知，多种担忧和害怕可能会阻止人们行善。
8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者建议读者采取行动来表达善意。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jennifer Williams捐赠图书的故事。
9.D　根据上文It was Jennifer Williams’ mother who got her interested in books.可知，此处表示她每天给她的三个孩子读书。
10.A　根据空后just as she had可知，此处指她想让她的学生像她一样爱上读书。
11.C　根据下文To Williams， the 　12　 was simple： Give kids books.可知，此处指一些学生的阅读机会很有限，即接触书籍的机会有限。
12.D　上文指出她意识到了学生没有书读的问题，因而想到了给孩子们书这个方法来解决问题。
13.C　根据下文So she raised the number considerably by setting a new goal for herself： Give away one million books.可知，此处表示捐赠。
14.B　她在三天内捐赠了900本书，故大部分人都会对此感到满意。
15.B　根据上文可知，她喜欢读书，并想要学生们也爱上读书，所以捐赠了大量图书，故此处指她想要做一些能延伸信仰的事情。
16.A　根据上文one million可知，这个数字太庞大，听起来遥不可及，像是无法达到的。
17.C　根据上下文可知，虽然数目很大，但是她还是开始行动起来，因此此处表示转折。
18.D　根据本句中的spread可知，此处表示消息传播开了。
19.B　根据上文give away可知，她要无偿捐赠图书，故此处指免费送给当地的学校。短语free of charge表示“免费”。
20.C　根据空后books to little free libraries可知，此处指给那些小型图书馆提供书籍。
21.A　根据本句中的a book club可知，Williams给当地监狱的犯人建立了图书俱乐部。
22.D　她已捐赠78，000多本书，她的捐书量还差922，000才能达到她定的100万本的目标。
23.B　根据下一句可知，阅读有很多好处，对于没有太多选择的孩子来说，这项活动非常重要。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名儿童医生林巧稚的生平经历以及对医学作出的贡献。
24.affected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中chose为谓语，设空处应使用非谓语动词。affect与Lin Qiaozhi之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用过去分词形式。故填affected。
25.marriage　考查词形转换。设空处作宾语，应使用名词。此处泛指抽象意义的婚姻，为不可数名词。故填marriage。
26.about　考查介词。complain about sth抱怨某事。故填about。
27.the　考查冠词。表示特指“历史上第一位被聘为住院医生的女性”，应用定冠词。故填the。
28.rejected　考查动词的时态。设空处作谓语，此处表示过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填rejected。
29.to serve　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth想要做某事。故填to serve。
30.where　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词department，且从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
31.positions　考查名词的单复数。设空处作宾语。position意为“职务”，由many可知，应用复数。故填positions。
32.was known　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语， know与she之间是动宾关系，同时句子表述过去的事实，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为she，故填was known。
33.leaving　考查非谓语动词。句中retire为谓语，设空处应使用非谓语动词，动词leave和逻辑主语she之间是主谓关系，应使用动词-ing形式作状语。故填leaving。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.further　2.military　3.drug　4.certificate　5.temporary
6.chief　7.obtain　8.aid
维度二
1.achievement（s）　2.treatment　3.temporarily　4.majority
维度三
1.rose to his feet
2.Upon/On graduating from the university
3.As the saying goes
4.passed away
5.At one point
6.The lights off
维度四
1.leaving　2.returned　3.in　4.conditions　5.to help
6.had saved　7.various/varied　8.the　9.forgotten　10.As
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jordyn Perez在妈妈的提议下，把自己的生日礼物捐给了儿童医院。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段末Jordyn说的话可知，Jordyn接受了母亲的建议。
2.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Kids can be in the hospital ...that affects breathing.可知，此处指不管病人得了什么疾病，住院都是有压力的。故画线词意思是“疾病”。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Jordyn的生日在12月。
4.D　目的意图题。根据最后一段第二句可知，提到Natalie Gutierrez的目的是显示Jordyn行为的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Amanda 患癌后经济拮据，推迟学业，推迟治疗，她的朋友们知道后为她组织了慈善捐款快闪行动，很快筹到钱为她治病。现在他们一家心怀感激，做志愿者回报社会。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的She planned to save money and then seek medical treatment for the cancer.及第二段中的Her friends and family didn’t want her to postpone her treatment due to the expense.可知，Amanda一家经济拮据，负担不起治疗费用，所以才会推迟治疗。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The friends came up with the creative idea and invited family， friends， and strangers who wanted to help to participate in a donation flash mob （快闪行动）.可知，朋友们为她举行了一次慈善捐款快闪行动。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.和第六段中的The couple said they felt blessed by the strong support.可知，这对夫妇很感激帮助他们的人。
8.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的These individuals perfectly demonstrate the value of community.It is with the help of their generosity that the family is now happy， healthy and whole.并结合全文内容可知，慈善的价值是巨大的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。文章主要报道了一位种土豆的农民如何在竞争激烈的马拉松比赛中脱颖而出，并展示了他如何通过跑步为无家可归者筹集资金的无私行为。
9.D　句意理解题。根据画线部分下文quickly attracting the attention of reporters present可推测，克利夫在比赛中表现得很抢眼。
10.C　观点态度题。根据第三段中的No one actually believed him.可知，当Cliff深信自己可以跑完比赛时，人们对此表示怀疑。
11.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Cliff Young在比赛中不眠不休地跑，直到到达终点线。
12.C　推理判断题。根据第四至六段内容可知，Cliff Young的决心和爱心让他的事迹永存。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了网络对于Jan Tchamani的帮助，以及她的IT俱乐部对别人的帮助和她的进一步的计划。
13.G　根据上文可知，互联网让我们的生活更方便。G项（但互联网为人们做的远不止是让生活更方便）能承接上文，符合语境。
14.E　根据空后一句可知，她还加入了一个网群，在群里她可以谈论她的问题并向他人寻求帮助和建议。E项（她可以听音乐、看电影和探索世界）符合语境，与空后一句为递进关系。
15.B　根据上文she decided to start an IT club可知，本空跟“IT俱乐部”有关，下文介绍了这个IT俱乐部对其中的两个人的帮助，B项（许多人得到了俱乐部的帮助）符合语境，与下文为例证关系。
16.A　根据上文可知，一位61岁的独居女性和两个朋友一起开了一家小型的网络公司。A项（她的公司相当成功）符合语境，A项中的company与空前句中的company为原词复现。
17.F　根据上文可知，Jan开始上网课学习更多关于如何让社会更好的知识。她认为确保每个人都能使用互联网是很重要的。F项（她的下一个目标是创办一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童筹集资金）能承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Qian Xuesen， honoured as “the father of China’s aerospace”， was born in Shanghai in 1911.In 1935， Qian went to America for further study.In 1939， he obtained his doctor’s degrees in Aeronautics and Mathematics in the US.He heard about the establishment of the People’s Republic of China and succeeded in coming back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him.Since 1956 he had been devoted to aerospace science and technology and made great contributions to China’s aerospace.In 2009， he passed away in Beijing.
　　Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country.
Section Ⅳ　Writing a biography
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。八十七岁的老人多年坚持提供免费剪发服务，旨在筹集善款以帮助南非的贫苦人群。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Gorzycki免费为他所在社区的人们剪发，并鼓励他们给慈善机构Arm in Arm in Africa捐钱；再根据第二段最后一句可知，在过去的五年里，Gorzycki提供免费剪发服务是为了给该慈善机构筹集善款，以帮助南非的贫苦人群。catch在本段中作名词，意为“隐藏的困难”。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Gorzycki于1952年加入美国海军，舰船上理发师的工作吸引了他，于是他主动帮忙，后来经过不断的摸索，他也成了舰船上的理发师。由此可知，他是在美国海军服役期间学会理发的。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，让Gorzycki印象最深刻的是，他所见到的南非人尽管很穷，却十分慷慨，只要有人比他们更需要（食物），他们就会分享自己仅有的一点儿（食物）。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在Pat Dawson看来，Gorzycki慷慨大方、有影响力，是其机构的模范典型。也就是说Gorzycki为他人树立了好榜样。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rodney Smith Jr.免费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响的故事。
5.D　细节理解题。根据文章前两段内容可知，Rodney引起大家的关注是因为他总是为有需求的人无私提供帮助。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第五段中Rodney说的话可知，Rodney敲开女士的房门，是为了鼓励她，安慰她。
7.C　推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，Rodney帮布朗先生修剪了草坪，然后联想到还有很多像布朗先生一样无法自己修剪草坪的人，于是他决定免费为老年人修剪草坪，所以他的决定来自日常生活的灵感。
8.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Rodney免费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响。 因此，B项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因。
9.F　设空处在文中起承上启下的作用。上文介绍了诚实正直的含义，下面几段说明了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因，故F项符合语境。
10.B　本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”概括了本段的主要内容。故B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语境。
11.C　空前一句说，毫无疑问的是，诚实正直的品质会大大提高你的信誉。空后一句指出，信任拥有道德价值和道德标准的人是人类的天性。C项（当你拥有诚实正直的价值观时，人们就会开始信任你）符合语境。
12.E　上文指出，如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。
13.G　上文说明了当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文指出了领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中应该学习的一项重要生活技能。G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hansen父子成立“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。
14.C　根据下文Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 　18　.可知，此处用share符合语境，share是原词复现。
15.B　结合上下文可知，除了给那些无家可归的人分享食物和听他们讲述自己的事情外，父子俩想出如何为他们提供进一步的帮助。
16.A　根据上下文可知，此处指一个小小的动作能给那些不幸的人带来巨大的影响。
17.A　此处用了Hansen采访时说的一段话。
18.B　根据上文If you do it， you can make a connection.可知，此处用connections符合语境，connection是原词复现。
19.D　结合上下文可知，此处是指Hansen父子给Ward提供了一间公寓来居住。
20.A　根据句意可知，此处考查固定用法help sb through“帮某人渡过难关”。
21.C　结合上下文可知，Hansen父子帮助无家可归的人，和他们分享食物、给他们提供住所等，这让他们感觉非常好。
22.D　结合上下文可知，此处是指父子俩帮助无家可归的人的努力影响了周围的人。
23.C　根据下文which emphasizes the 　24　 community members can have in uplifting the homeless可知，此处用highlights符合语境，highlight和emphasize是同义词复现。
24.D　结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮助无家可归的人，即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色。
25.B　根据常识可知，无家可归是一个社会问题。
26.B　根据上文They know they can’t settle the homeless 　25　 alone.可推测，他们希望“共情”这个项目可以变得流行，这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者。
27.A　根据下文across our country可知，此处用spread符合语境。
28.B　根据句意可知，此处用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy在路上发现了一辆车被卡在火车轨道上，眼看火车就要驶来，Sammy拼尽全力帮助司机将车推离火车轨道。
29.noticed　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在从句中作谓语。根据was driving可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。
30.An　考查冠词。此处泛指“一位老人”，且elderly的发音以元音音素开头。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填An。
31.turning　考查非谓语动词。此处与hitting并列，且turn和主语elderly man之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填turning。
32.nervously　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词looking，应用副词。故填nervously。
33.behind　考查介词。Sammy 往前推车时应该位于车的后面。故填behind。
34.easier　考查形容词的比较级。Sammy将往前推和往后推作比较，因此用比较级。故填easier。
35.to put　考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to put。
36.feet　考查名词的单复数。foot为可数名词，此处被a couple of修饰，应用复数形式。故填feet。
37.speechless　考查词形转换。根据and可知，空处与shocked为并列成分，应用形容词。speechless意为“（惊讶得）说不出话的”，符合语境。故填speechless。
38.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
Ⅴ.
　　The next day， Sophia told Mr Green what Jennifer had said， and invited him to visit Jack’s family together. Jack’s mother heard the knock on the door and answered it quickly. The immigrant family lived in a small house， where there was not even a single piece of furniture. But some brightly coloured pictures on the walls attracted their attention. Apparently they were painted by Jack and his brother. Sophia and Mr Green explained why they came， and then gave the mother the stationery and clothes they had bought.
　　The acts of Sophia and Mr Green unexpectedly set off a wave of donations in Jennifer’s school. Determined to help those in need of help at the charity school， both the teachers and the students actively donated money and goods. Some children brought their treasured stationery， and some even donated their piggy POTS. Seeing such a scene， Sophia and Mr Green were moved， thinking they could definitely make a difference.
UNIT 3　The world of science
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.compass　2.virtual　3.stuff　4.shot 　5.Gunpowder
6.desire　7.batteries　8.pressing
维度二
1.capability　2.pressure　3.wearable 　4.flexibly
维度三
1.Never say never
2.In terms of the rubbish everywhere
3.In addition
4.What is it that
5.With the crowds cheering
6.desire you to join
维度四
1.the　2.is being interviewed　3.have been　4.inventions　5.wearable　6.In　7.using　8.impressive　9.to invent　10.that/which
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了希腊政府与微软公司合作，通过AR技术让游客体验奥运会的发源地。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Augmented reality is a technology ... in the environment.可知，通过眼镜，虚拟图像与真实环境融合在一起。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，文体部帮助此项目绘制并构建了奥林匹亚的虚拟图像。
3.B　观点态度题。根据第三段中Kyriakos Mitsotakis对美联社说的话可知，基里亚科斯·米佐塔基斯对此项目很支持。
4.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新科技，它可以帮助游客身临其境地体验奥运会的发源地。 因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字技术的发展促进了德国无人驾驶火车投入运营。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这种新型火车与传统的列车共用轨道。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，这种新型火车对人们和环境都是有益的。
7.B　观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句可知，政府决定对新火车和基础设施的改进投钱，因此对这种新技术的发展持肯定的态度。
8.D　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要围绕着这项新技术在世界各地的运营商中的广泛使用展开。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Now， Shen’s team has figured out ...“We can produce red， green and blue，” says Shen.可知，Qingchen Shen的团队研发的这种新型薄膜有各种颜色。
10.C　观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，Lucian Lucia对该团队研发的薄膜是持肯定态度的。
11.A　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要介绍了这种薄膜的具体制作过程。段落中的First、Then和As为常见的流程指示词。
12.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ran Zheng的话语可知，Qingchen Shen的团队已经知道如何大量制作这种薄膜，他认为这一点对该团队的研究工作很重要，使得这项发明更有可能在现实生活中得到应用。他还指出，如果将这些薄膜用于降低建筑物在夏季的温度，则可能会减少对空调的需求。由此可推知，Ran Zheng觉得这种薄膜的未来是充满希望的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能家居如何从早上到晚上全方位的服务。
13.B　根据上文可知，这是2032年冬天的一个早晨。你正在智能家里睡觉。由此推知，B项（该起床了）承接上文，符合语境。
14.D　根据空前一句可知， 你打开了附近的两个屏幕。结合下文The other screen displays the morning’s headlines.可知，空处是在介绍两个屏幕中的一个。D项（一个会打开你的虚拟助手）符合语境。
15.G　根据空前一句可知，你的交通应用程序向你发出警示：你日常的行程发生了变化，因为公园里有一个全天的音乐会。G项（该应用程序将通过自动驾驶汽车为您提供新的行程建议）符合语境。
16.F　根据空前一句可知，由于城市房价居高不下，迫使许多企业将办公室搬到地下室深处。F项（你的工作区总共有几层，每层都比上一层低）符合语境。
17.C　根据本空的位置可知，本空为段落主旨句。根据下文After a short wait ... arrives to fly you home.可知，本段主要介绍如何回家。C项（赶回家的航班）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.species　2.theory　3.accurate　4.passive 　5.biologist 　6.extraordinary　7.chemist　8.brilliant
维度二
1.has been made use of
2.has been covered over by sandstorms
3.Has the button been pressed
4.every possible means has been tried
5.The windows have been washed
6.have been built
7.have been made
8.has been found
9.have been completed
10.have been attracted
维度三
1.is called　2.has been closed　3.was listed
4.has been considered　5.have been attracted
6.was announced　7.has been climbed　8.have been told
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印小提琴，使此乐器更加平民化。
1.C　段落大意题。根据第一段可知，第一段主要讲的是一种制作小提琴的新方法。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其最后一句可推知，AVIVA青年艺术家正计划试图降低小提琴的成本。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句可知，此处表示3D打印小提琴不仅可以正常工作，而且制造成本仅为传统乐器的一小部分。故可猜测画线单词fraction意为“小部分”。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者提到玛丽·伊丽莎白·布朗关于这个项目的话是为了表示对它的期望。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了芭芭拉·麦克林托克的经历，她是二十世纪影响力最大的科学家之一，在基因和染色体方面有重大发现并获得诺贝尔奖。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的She completed a master’s degree in 1925.Two years later， she finished all her requirements for a doctorate.可知，麦克林托克于1927年获得博士学位。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist ... But female geneticists were not much in demand.可推知，年轻的科学家在经济大萧条时期很难找到工作。
7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A short time later， she accepted a permanent position ...to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid.可知，在实验室长期工作对她的研究是有利的。
8.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的McClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.可知，由于她在基因与染色体方面的发现，她获得了诺贝尔奖。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小对发明感兴趣，通过做学习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下，他最终成为一个发明家。
9.C　根据第一句中的have invented robots及下文内容可以看出，此处意为“我的两项发明”。
10.B　根据空后的when I was a kid可知，作者从孩童时起就爱建造东西。
11.A　根据下文可知，这是老师分配给学生做的课题。
12.B　根据语境可知，此处指了解公司产品。
13.D　根据本段内容可知，作者要了解公司产品，然后在班级里作报告，因此作者选择了Thomas A.Edison这家公司。
14.C　根据空前mailman可知，此处指“邮递员派送包裹”。
15.A　作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。
16.D　根据下文He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and， finally into new things.可推知，爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。
17.A　根据下文Later， we found a similar tool in a store.可知，作者他们在商店发现了类似的工具，因此此处指“工具”。
18.B　那时作者才知道，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。
19.D　作者在学习发明的过程中了解到，不同的发明家会发明类似的东西，这种情况很常见。
20.B　根据上文I learned， too， that not all great ideas work.可知，不是所有的很棒的想法都能实现，因此失败是发明过程中常有的事。
21.C　当父亲和作者一起工作时，他开始意识到父亲自己也是一个发明家。
22.D　根据文章开头的讲述可知，作者从小就对发明感兴趣。
23.A　但作者也很感谢托马斯·爱迪生，因为是他第一次点燃了作者内心的那只电灯泡。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的相关事迹。
24.is considered/has been considered　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，“食物是中国文化重要的组成部分”是一般事实，因此使用一般现在时，另根据句中for years和until the 1970s可知，该句也可使用现在完成时。主语food和consider之间是动宾关系，因此需使用被动语态。故填is considered或has been considered。
25.the　考查冠词。设空处特指中国科学家袁隆平。故填the。
26.developing　考查非谓语动词。devote ...to doing sth意为“致力于做某事；奉献于做某事”。故填developing。
27.thirds　考查序数词。表达分数时，分母需使用序数词，且分子大于1时，序数词要用复数形式。故填thirds。
28.that　考查名词性从句。it is no wonder that ...意为“难怪……”，it在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故填that。
29.accessible　考查形容词。设空处在句中作表语应用形容词。故填accessible。
30.globally　考查副词。设空处在句中作状语应用副词。故填globally。
31.wisest　考查形容词的最高级。定冠词the后接形容词最高级。故填wisest。
32.to　考查介词。be open to doing sth“对……保持开放态度”。故填to。
33.belongs　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句陈述一般事实，且主语是不可数名词，谓语应使用一般现在时的单数形式。故填belongs。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.conducts　2.metal　3.flash　4.draft　5.experiments
6.procedure 　7.gravity　8.fictions
维度二
1.declaration　2.entirely　3.proof　4.scientific　5.attached
维度三
1.hit the wife on the head
2.Neither his parents nor Jack was recognised
3.that determination and hard work made her successful
4.Apart from
5.come up with
6.along with
7.More than one
维度四
1.from　2.creative　3.flew　4.tied　5.an　6.bravery
7.looking　8.what　9.actually　10.be proved
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够通过动作表达感情的机器人NAO，该团队希望能将它的情感程序应用到医学领域。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad， he lowers his head and looks down.When he’s happy， he raises his arms for a hug.可知，当NAO伤心时，它会低下头；当它开心时，它会伸出手臂要求拥抱，这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的情绪。
2.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Children might find that a small， friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.可知，如果孩子们有一个小的、友好的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话，他们可能就不会那么焦虑了，也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更舒服。
3.B　词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比，由此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出“焦虑”（的情绪）。
4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个由欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是19世纪著名科学家达尔文的两本标有关于进化论观点的笔记本丢失以及回归的故事。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He recorded his ideas in notebooks marked with ...for showing how he developed the evolution.可知，该笔记本中标注的是他关于进化论的思想。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They officially reported the missing notebooks as stolen so that the police around the world would search for them.可知，将遗失的笔记本报告为被盗可以得到全世界警察的帮助。
7.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Nobody could ever have expected the way in which the notebooks were returned recently可知，对于笔记本的回归，图书管理员感到很惊讶。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Now the missing notebooks can be part of that show.可知，两个笔记本有可能会成为接下来展览的一部分。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要的见解。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Now， a team of nearly 100 scientists ... the complete human genome — the first time it’s been sequenced in its entirety可知，人类基因组测序已经全部完成。
10.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The full genome will allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether these genetic variations play a role in disease.可知，对于科学家们来说，测定完整的人类基因组可以让他们分析人与人之间的DNA有何区别以及基因变异在疾病方面是否起作用。
11.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的moving us closer to individualized medicine可知，对自己的基因组进行测序让我们离个性化治疗更近一步。B项中的personalized意为“个性化的”。
12.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段提出研究结论，科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，下文具体说明这一发现的意义。因此，D项（完整的人类基因组首次被揭露）最适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以指导幸存者度过自然灾害的应用程序。
13.B　根据空前一句可知，红十字会有很多应用程序，它们能在自然灾害中帮助你。B项（每个应用程序都可以在iOS和Android设备上使用）符合语境，说明在哪里可以获得这些应用程序。
14.C　空前一句提到了应用程序可以给予人们参考。C项（它载有关于35种以上不同类型紧急情况的资料）符合语境。
15.A　根据Earthquake App可知，本段主要介绍地震应用程序，且空后一句提到去年高震级地震的数量几乎翻了一番。A项（全球地震频率正在上升）符合语境。
16.E　根据Hurricane App可知，本段主要介绍飓风应用程序，故空处应说明此应用程序有何用处。E项（跟踪风暴和你所在地区的情况，这样你就可以采取适当的预防措施）符合语境。
17.D　上文提到此应用程序还为你提供详细信息，D项（这些详细信息每30分钟更新一次，所以你会随时了解最新情况）符合语境，D项中的details与空前一句中的details相呼应。
Ⅲ.
On the Use of Artificial Intelligence
　　Hi everybody.Our group discussed the use of AI and finally agreed that its advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
　　On the one hand， it goes without saying that AI has brought much convenience and has been doing us a great favour in jobs requiring accuracy and calculation.Plus， AI has such fantastic speed in collecting data.On the other hand， AI is becoming too smart nowadays， concerns arising.Some of us think that AI will be a threat to humans one day.However， AI can be our best assistant as long as we develop it in the right way.
　　That’s our opinion.Thank you.
Section Ⅳ　Writing an experiment report
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As a child， she counted everything.和To fulfil her maths potential可知，凯瑟琳从小就有数学天赋。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1953 ...she began working for NASA及第三段中的She continued to work at NASA until 1986.可知，1953年她开始为美国国家航空航天局工作，直至1986年结束，一共是33年。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，即使在使用电子计算机之后，宇航员约翰·格伦也要求凯瑟琳亲自进行再次核对。由此可知，她的计算结果非常有价值。因此她的计算对阿波罗登月计划的成功和美国的太空之旅至关重要。
4.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文按照时间线索，讲述了被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊每个阶段的优异表现和主要事迹，全文主要讲述她凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出的重要贡献。因此D项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋，受到了生病孩子们的欢迎。
5.A　埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，肯定心里很难过。
6.B　根据文章首段可知，埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。
7.D　根据语境可知，输液袋的背面有一个网兜。
8.A　根据常识可知，输液袋里面是药物。
9.C　根据下文instead of the IV liquid pocket可知，孩子看到的是“美迪泰迪熊”友善的脸。
10.B　根据下文in just over a week， Ella’s page collected more than 20，000可知，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5，000美元，用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。
11.C　根据下文by the manufacturer （厂家） to do the job可知，厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。
12.D　根据下文in just over a week， Ella’s page collected more than 20，000可知，埃拉希望筹集5，000美元，仅仅一周多的时间，埃拉就筹集了20，000多美元。前后语义为转折关系。
13.A　根据下文and decided to work harder可知，埃拉对“美迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶，这是人们对“美迪泰迪熊”的反应。
14.B　根据下文by the Medi Teddy可知，孩子们可以从“美迪泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。
15.C　根据上文It turns out kids aren’t the only ones who get 　14　 by the Medi Teddy.可知，对“美迪泰迪熊”的需求很大。
16.D　根据下文to as many children as we can to make a 　17　 in their lives可知，埃拉想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”。
17.A　根据上文We want to continue to 　16　 Medi Teddys可知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，对他们的生活产生影响。
18.D　根据下文she said.“And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the process.”可知，埃拉的动机也影响了妈妈。
19.C　根据语境可知，埃拉妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的邮件。
Ⅲ.
　　“Pretty” caught my attention since it was almost my favourite word. At that moment， I felt myself surrounded with a lot of warmth and love. I knew teachers would never lie. It was Miss Pratt who brought a lot of confidence to me. From that moment on， I made the decision to be one of the top students in my class to improve myself. Whatever it took and no matter how much time I would spend， I would try my best to succeed.
　　About two months later， the final exam result was announced and I got the first place. The moment Miss Pratt finished the announcement， the whole class cheered and clapped for me. For the first time I felt truly good about myself and I knew I had been motivated by Miss Pratt’s praise. This might not have occurred if I had not heard those kind words. Thank you so much， Miss Pratt！ What a great difference you have made！ I am determined to be a caring teacher like you！
UNIT 4　Amazing art
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.stairs　2.battle　3.folded　4.greeted　5.selfies　6.load
7.sculptors　8.broadcasting
维度二
1.exhibition　2.greetings 　3.folded　4.loaded
维度三
1.That’s why they are tough with you
2.do hope
3.as if they were old friends
4.Get a load of
5.coming up
维度四
1.stairs　2.is being folded　3.which　4.sadness　5.to get
6.cheaper　7.a　8.kept　9.so　10.yourselves
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是科学家通过人工智能修复了The Night Watch这幅画丢失的部分。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Rembrandt van Rijn创作这幅画是因为Frans Banninck Cocq要求他这么做。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum通过使用先进的技术修复这幅画。
3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Taco Dibbits希望最初丢失的部分能被找到。
4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是科学家通过人工智能修复了The Night Watch这幅画丢失的部分。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。最近研究人员一直在研究达·芬奇已知的最早的艺术品Landscape 8P。有人认为研究人员通过研究这些画，为我们了解达·芬奇的绘画技巧和写作能力提供了一种新的方式。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，最近研究人员研究了Landscape 8P。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，背面的文字可能是关于创作一幅艺术品的协议。
7.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容可知，达·芬奇两只手都能写字。
8.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，该项研究为我们提供了一种新的方式来研究达·芬奇的绘画技巧和写作能力，因此Eike Schmidt对这项研究持积极态度。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。欣赏美术作品可以用来帮助治疗精神疾病。
9.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的Jules Breton’s 1884 painting The Song of the Lark （云雀），which shows a young woman looking skyward， sickle （镰刀） in hand， a bright orange sunrise behind her和the lark’s flying high up in the sky可推断出，那幅画里的年轻女子正在倾听鸟鸣声。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Murray credits the painting with changing his life forever.可知，那幅画给Murray带来了重新振作起来的希望。credit认为是……的功劳。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Tim A Shaw所说的话可知，Tim A Shaw认为，进行美术创作并不适合精神疾病严重的患者。
12.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的looking at art — is now being regarded as a different way of improving mental health、第三段中的We’re in the middle of ...culture may be the answer和the inclusion of arts in the treatment of mental health可知，第三段提到的这两个做法表明，欣赏绘画艺术正在被用来治疗精神疾病。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听音乐对人的益处，它不仅能陶冶情操，还有益于身心发展。
13.E　根据空前一句可知，最近的研究表明听音乐改善我们的身心健康。E项（这里有一些被音乐吸引的惊人好处）承接上文，并引出下文具体的好处，符合语境。
14.D　根据Music lowers stress and improves health.可知，音乐减轻压力，改善健康。D项（听你喜欢的音乐可以减轻你身体的压力）阐述的是同一话题，符合语境。
15.C　根据空前一句可知，音乐能让抑郁病人受益，取决于音乐类型。C项（古典音乐和令人放松的音乐使人精神振奋）承接上文，和空后一句举例指出有哪些音乐对抑郁症患者有益，符合语境。
16.A　根据下文Softening the lighting and music can lead people to eat fewer calories and enjoy their meals better.可知，A项（音乐帮助你吃的更少）能够概括本段内容，适合作为本段小标题。
17.F　根据本段第二句可知，歌唱课对小孩子的学业表现有积极的影响。F项（或者你可以鼓励他们唱歌或学习演奏一种乐器）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.lacks　2.neighbourhood　3.cigarettes　4.calligraphy
5.demonstrate　6.elegant　7.needle　8.carve
9.stimulate　10.vividly
维度二
1.are now being surrounded
2.are being reduced
3.is being held
4. is being repaired/is under repair
5.are being rebuilt
6.are being questioned
7.is being built
8.am being treated
维度三
1.has been faced　2.are being threatened　3.is becoming　4.are being killed　5.is being consumed
6.have been warned
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国冰雕艺术家杰米·沃德利。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，沃德利喜欢冬天在室外做冰雕。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第四段所描述的做冰雕的过程和倒数第二段第一句可知，B项（特别但是艰难）是沃德利冰雕的特点。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的Each year we rebuild it可知，冰旅馆每年都需要重新建造。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为冰雕作品虽然会融化，但它们所传达的寓意将永存在人们心中。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手指画这种艺术活动的特点和优势。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，手指画很容易画。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，当有孩子参与手指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure可知，真实的情况是成年人也可以画手指画，所以只有孩子才会画手指画是错误的看法，即误解。故画线词意思是“误解”。
8.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，第四段的例子说明了手指画提供了自我表达的自由。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲是一个优秀的作家，母亲是一个有天赋的讲故事的人。他们都坚信要培养孩子审视自己，发现自己的才能。因此作者激发出了自己的灵感和创造力，成了自信的艺术家。
9.D　根据空前的creative和四个选项可知，这里指激发了创造性才能。
10.C　根据下文　12　 by my father’s literature works可知，父亲是一名作家。
11.B　培养孩子审视自己，目的是发现他们的才能。
12.A　哥哥擅长写歌、写诗是受了父亲的影响。
13.B　根据下文me to the art of poetry可知，哥哥擅长写歌、写诗，也把诗歌艺术介绍给了作者。
14.A　上文提到“家人一起读书、听诗、听音乐”，下文提到“我逐渐被吸引到扩大我们精神视野的谈话中”，上下文为因果关系，应用连词so。
15.B　上文提到了家人对作者的影响，导致最后作者成了在白纸上写诗歌、小说情节和歌词的人。
16.C　空后的it指代白纸，此处指用诗歌、小说情节或歌词覆盖了这张白纸。cover sth with“用……覆盖某事物”。
17.D　根据空后的a performance可知，此处指作者进行演出，应用stage表示“表演”。
18.A　根据空后的tour and have taken it to 21 states可知，演出涉及21个州，是全国性的。
19.B　keep it in mind“记住”。
20.C　根据下文My creativity springs from the way I see the world.可知，这里指艺术家必须牢记他们的灵感来源和创造力来自哪里。
21.D　根据空后的that my parents provided for me并结合上文父母对作者的影响可知，作者的灵感来自父母的教育。
22.A　此处呼应上文a performance with self-belief，说明作者很自信。
23.C　结合上文可知，作者在有文化素养的家庭氛围中长大，所以此处是指“在那些重视思想和知识，庆祝自我发现的人身边长大”。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统绘画水墨画的相关信息。
24.growth　考查词形转换。根据空前的Its可知，空处应用名词。故填growth。
25.gained　考查动词的时态。根据During the 1st century AD可知，应用一般过去时。故填gained。
26.built　考查非谓语动词。temples与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填built。
27.the　考查冠词。此处特指这个主题。故填the。
28.characters　考查名词的单复数。此处泛指多个历史人物。故填characters。
29.extremely　考查词形转换。修饰形容词popular应用副词。故填extremely。
30.itself　考查代词。主语与宾语表示的是同一个事物时，宾语用反身代词。 故填itself。
31.including　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处填介词，表示“包括”。故填including。
32.and　考查连词。空前后连接两个句子，又表顺承。故填and。
33.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子作主语。故填which。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.wine　2.vase　3.Emperor　4.bare　5.dirt　6.sponsor
维度二
1.frequently　2.mostly 　3.sponsored 　4.dirty　5.shades
维度三
1.When asked
2.It is said that
3.The more time； the greater
4.am fond of
5.sing high praises for
维度四
1.kept　2.Its　3.but　4.by　5.waiting　6.eventually
7.who　8.saying　9.admiration　10.painted
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在快速发展的社会中，游客们不能集中注意力很好地欣赏艺术品，而艺术是需要专心欣赏的。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知，作者在第一段提到卢浮宫的例子是为了展示艺术欣赏令人失望的现状。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The first hour ... to be removed.可知，Richard Wollheim认为第一个小时是消除对艺术作品错误印象所必需的。由此可得出，他可能会同意的是人们需要澄清对绘画的误解。
3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的It is only through art ... may be on the moon.可知，Marcel Proust认为艺术让我们从别人的角度去认识世界。
4.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，在快速发展的社会中，游客们不能集中注意力很好地欣赏艺术品，而艺术是需要专心欣赏的。 因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国著名艺术家齐白石的绘画风格和他取得的成就。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的People love these nature-based paintings because the works remind them of the countryside and of their hometowns.可知，人们喜欢齐白石以自然为基础的绘画，因为这些画触动了他们的感情，让他们想起了乡村和他们的家乡。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了齐白石的绘画风格，他用浓墨重彩和充满活力的笔画创作出清新活泼的作品，他用一种典型的中国方式来表达自己的作品。由此可推断出，第三段关注的是齐白石的绘画风格。
7.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的While many other Chinese artists retire from public life at an old age， Qi actively took on more social responsibilities.可知，齐白石在年老时还努力工作是为了承担更多的社会责任。
8.A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和最后一段内容可知，齐白石的成就获得国内和国际的认可。由此可知，他是引人注目的；根据倒数第二段内容可知，齐白石在年老时还努力工作，积极承担更多的社会责任。由此可知，他是令人钦佩的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科研人员研究意大利画家达·芬奇的名画《蒙娜丽莎》后发现，达·芬奇在作画时使用了一种铅化合物，并且表示达·芬奇的画作中仍然有很多秘密等待人们去寻找和发现。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，科学家们发现一种特殊的化学混合物被用在了《蒙娜丽莎》的颜料上。
10.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文as it’s the first time we can chemically confirm it可知，科学家们用科学方法第一次证实了达·芬奇在他的画作中使用了这种铅化合物。由此可知，画线词指的是达·芬奇的画作中这种先前不为人知的成分。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第五段最后三句可推知，Gonzalez认为这种铅化合物的添加有助于使绘画色彩丰富。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，画家达·芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》和他的其他画作仍有很多秘密有待被发现，我们所知道的只是其中很小的一部分。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学研究表明，艺术不仅是一种享受和放松，在促进健康和幸福方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。
13.G　根据空后的However可知，上下文有转折关系，G项中提到人们对艺术的看法是only enjoyment and relaxation，这与空后一句中科学研究得出的观点art plays a critical role in promoting health and well-being形成对比。
14.E　上文介绍艺术有助于帮助人们减轻压力，让人从繁忙的工作中解放出来。E项承接上文，进一步说明其好处，E项中的mental states such as fear and worry与上文lower stress and mental calmness相照应。
15.D　根据That的指代关系和空后一句可知，上文中应出现指示代词That指代的内容，D项中the creation of artworks即其指代对象，艺术创作的自由性让人们能够想象出不同的解决问题的方法，都是关于艺术有利于创造性思维的话题，符合语境。
16.B　根据空后一句可知，本段是在介绍艺术可以使人自信，自我感觉良好，所以B项符合本段主题，同时是对本段内容的概括。
17.F　根据空前一句可知，F项是空前一句提到的活动的具体举例，都是学生和老年人可以一起进行的艺术活动。
Ⅲ.
Dear Peter，
　　I felt it a great honor to invite you.The art festival hosted by our school is drawing near.
　　The coming festival will serve as a platform for us to show our talents for art and cultivate our interest in art.Based on such a meaningful theme， the festival consists of various activities， which range from solo shows to group performances.Next Friday， the festival will be held in the teaching building.All the students will take part in it.I sincerely hope that you can join us in our performance.
　　All of us will feel happy with the presence of you.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Writing about an artwork
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国元代著名的画家黄公望的个人经历以及成就。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Sadly， when he was young ... and took care of him.可知，这个人收养黄公望是因为他失去了父母。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，黄公望经常从大自然中汲取创意。
3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，《富春山居图》是一件保存在两个地方的有价值的作品。
4.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国元代著名的画家黄公望的个人经历以及成就。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者曾经陷入抑郁，感到非常孤独，后来，一首歌的歌词改变了作者对生活的态度，作者意识到自己也很美丽。
5.A　根据下文I always felt 　6　， with no one and not even my family to talk to.可知，此处表示那段时间作者没有真正的朋友。
6.D　作者没有人交谈，所以感到孤独。
7.C　根据语境可知，此处表示作者认为他们不知道自己在经历什么。
8.B　根据下文and just put on a nice， fake smile for them可知，作者总是隐藏自己的情感，对他们假装微笑。
9.D　根据上文I’d always 　8　 my feelings and just put on a nice， fake smile for them.以及语境可知，此处表示作者认为对他们假装微笑是他们想要的。
10.D　根据上文可知，作者开始交朋友，所以消沉的情绪开始消退。
11.C　根据下文calling myself fat or ugly可知，有时作者还是不喜欢自己。
12.C　根据语境可知，此处表示作者的朋友尽力帮助作者，在某些方面确实起作用了。
13.A　根据下文music可知，此处表示作者发现自己缺少的东西是音乐。
14.D　根据下文that we are all beautiful and no guy or girl can tell us otherwise可知，作者意识到大家都是美丽的。
15.C　根据下文some people can’t see that可知，有些人看不到这一点，这是令人悲伤的。
16.B　根据语境可知，此处表示作者坚信一首歌可以改变一个人的生活。
17.A　参见上题解析。
18.B　根据下文and listen to it可知，在听之前，作者希望他们能找到这首歌曲。
19.A　根据下文it had on me when I was suffering可知，此处表示作者希望歌曲对听这首歌的人也会产生影响。
Ⅲ.
　　In tears， Scarlett’s mother observed the little girl during the show. During the performance， Scarlett had the biggest eyes and smile， forgetting everything around. It seemed as if she had joined them， dancing with them. She felt so special. “After the show ended， they had some flowers falling from the ceiling， and she opened her bag to collect them as a sweet memory of the best day，” Scarlett’s mother said.
　　Then， Scarlett got to attend a private meet with the Rockettes dancers in person. “Scarlett kept saying， ‘You are perfect，’” her mom recalls. The dancers surprised her with a bag filled with gifts. “The minute I met Scarlett， I could see her eyes light up with joy，” said one of the professional dancers. “My favourite part of spending time with Scarlett was seeing her excitement as she talked about her love for dance， and for the Rockettes，” she added. The dancers felt thankful that they could be a part of Scarlett’s holiday this year， while for Scarlett and her familySection Ⅲ　Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.　　　　　　 （编） and knitting are traditional cottage industries.
2.She was unable to 　　　　　　（为……辩护） her action of leaving the important document in her car.
3.Would you like to help me take 　　　　　　（分开） the machine？
4.When they heard the bad news that their only son died in the earthquake， the couple burst into 　　　　　　（眼泪）.
5.The location of the apartment is perfect. 　　　　　　（而且）， the rent is quite reasonable.
6.Tom is 　　　　　　（独立的） — he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
7.The salesgirl was rude to the customer，so the l　　　　　　 complained to the manager about it.
8.I was invited to lots of delicious meals. But， to be f　　　　　　， the fireworks going off throughout the night were really annoying.
维度二：词形转换
1.Faced with so many problems arising from lack of communication， I didn’t know how to deal with them 　　　　　　（independent）.
2.After reading the letter， she 　　　　　　（tear） it to pieces and threw them into the fire.
3.　　　　　　 （frank） speaking， I am not sure whether I will pass the coming examination.
4.He described it as an extraordinarily 　　　　　　（tangle） and complicated tale.
5.As the goods were damaged， she felt fully 　　　　　　（justify） in asking for her money back.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （每次他到家时） at the end of the day， we’d greet him at the door.
2.We’ll support you forever 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（即使你不成功）.
3.It occurred to me that I should tell you the exact time of my arrival 　　　　　　　　（提前）.
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （你英语说得越多），the better your English will become.
5.I have to study hard 　　　　　　　　（以便） I can keep up with my classmates.
6.They set up a wildlife reserve to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（保护动物免遭猎杀）.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　We all know that honesty is an important value and that 1.　　　　　　 （lie） is wrong， but who can 2.　　　　　　 （honest） say that they’ve never told a lie？Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are “white lies”： little lies that we tell 3.　　　　　　 （protect） others from the truth.There are some reasons for telling white lies.One reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel 4.　　　　　　 （good）.When we lie and say someone’s haircut looks good， we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the 5.　　　　　　 （disappoint） and anger of others.Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement.Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing.You of course say that it’s wonderful， 6.　　　　　　 secretly thinking that your cat can sing better.In fact， perhaps what your friend needs are frank 7.　　　　　　 （comment）.Finally， we may also tell 8.　　　　　　 white lie 9.　　　　　　 we want to protect others from bad news.If you 10.　　　　　　　　 （have） a bad day， you may hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine” so that your parents won’t worry about you.However， wouldn’t it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice？One day， we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　I have quite a bit of experience with Toastmasters， an organization aiming to help people overcome speech anxiety. I joined many years ago with the hope of improving my public speaking. After one of my speeches， the comments I received were harsh. Constructive or not， the critique was hard to take. I felt my feelings were hurt.
　　I learned many things from my time with Toastmasters， and one was the value of good feedback. Welcoming the critique of others is hard for adults， even when it’s well-intentioned. So naturally， we can expect that children will also struggle with it. But the feedback our children receive from teachers and parents is important to their growth and development. So as parents， we must learn how to deliver our feedback effectively， and we’ll need to train our children on how to accept it with openness and wisdom.
　　The way parents deliver their feedback is as important as the specific words used. It’s possible to have good intentions， but when feedback is poorly given， it can be harmful and not helpful.
　　It’s important to create a welcoming， safe environment in the home for intaking and processing feedback. Especially between a child and parent， the feedback needs to be healthy， constructive and regular.
　　The words used are also important. In a New York Times article written by Dr Adam Grant， an organizational psychologist at the Wharton School， he shares that it is “22 to 29 per cent more effective” to encourage children with nouns than verbs， but when it comes to giving negative feedback， it’s generally better to use verbs.
　　A parent’s feedback provides the scaffolding （脚手架） for how a child will manage their inner monologue. Consider， as an example， a discussion you may have with your child about their goals. Your feedback can encourage them not just to focus on where they are now but to reflect on how far they’ve come. This kind of feedback can spur them on to reach the finish line.
1.Why does the author mention his experience with Toastmasters？（　　）
A.To tell us what is good feedback.
B.To tell us to join Toastmasters.
C.To show the main function of feedback.
D.To show the necessity of proper feedback.
2.Which of the following feedback is effective according to Dr Adam Grant？（　　）
①You’re a big helper.
②You’re a poor math learner.
③You’ve been helpful this afternoon.
④You didn’t do well on this math test.
A.①②　　　　　　　 B.①④
C.②③　 D.③④
3.What does the underlined word “spur” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Limit.　 B.Monitor.
C.Persuade.　 D.Inspire.
4.What is the best title for the passage？（　　）
A.The Way to Respond to Feedback
B.The Value of Accepting Feedback
C.How to Give Effective Feedback
D.How to Become a Better Speaker
B
　　“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
　　With her eyes shining，Tori brags，“You bet I did.Sean told me two days ago.”
　　Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happened to be yours truly，Adam Freedman.I can tell you that what they are saying is （a） not nice and （b） not even true.Still，Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School， including me.Many of our conversations are gossip （闲话）.I have noticed three effects of gossip：It can hurt people， it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction， and it can cause social pressures in a group.
　　An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic — breakups， trouble at home， even dropping out — that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless， but cruel lies can cause pain.
　　If we know that gossip can be harmful， then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor （传言） can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”.In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority （优越感）.
　　Gossip can also have a third effect： It strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviour in a group.Translated into high school terms， this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said， then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The dos and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
　　The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
5.Why is a conversation given at the beginning of the passage？（　　）
A.To introduce a topic.
B.To present an argument.
C.To tell a story.
D.To clarify the writing purpose.
6.What important negative effect does gossip have？（　　）
A.Breaking up relationships.
B.Embarrassing the listeners.
C.Spreading information around.
D.Causing unpleasant experiences.
7.Why do many people like to gossip？（　　）
A.It gives them a feeling of pleasure.
B.It helps them make more friends.
C.It makes them better at telling stories.
D.It enables them to meet important people.
8.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can 　　　　.（　　）
A.provide students with written rules
B.make people watch their own behaviour
C.force school to improve student handbooks
D.attract the police’s attention to group behaviour
C
　　So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person， from busy schedules to long distances. Fortunately， thanks to modern technology， the people you miss are often only a phone call or a text message away. According to science， if you want to feel more connected to the people you’re talking to， you should call them instead of texting.
　　In a study， researchers did various experiments. In one， they asked 200 people to imagine what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone， and they asked people to do one or the other at random. Although people thought that a phone call would be more mortifying， it actually made the experience better. “People reported they did form a stronger bond with their old friends on the phone versus email， and they did not feel uncomfortable，” co-author Amit Kumar said.
　　In another experiment， researchers had strangers connect by texting， talking over video chat， or talking using only audio （音频）. They found that both forms of voice communication — whether video or audio only — made the strangers feel more connected than when they communicated via text.
　　Sabrina Romanoff， a psychologist， says people tend to text instead of calling because of convenience， as they can organize information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person.
　　Romanoff says that in reality， texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. “A phone call is actually more convenient considering the effects of the message，” she explains. “Each part is more present， and therefore， it is able to figure out the meaning behind the conversation quickly without thinking of the endless possible meanings behind words.”
9.What does the underlined word “mortifying” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Puzzling.　 B.Exciting.
C.Embarrassing.　 D.Satisfying.
10.What advantage does a phone call have over an email according to the study？（　　）
A.It takes more patience.
B.It brings people closer.
C.It proves more relaxing.
D.It makes people more friendly.
11.Why do people consider texting convenient？（　　）
A.They can make themselves clear without being disturbed.
B.They would easily keep the messages for future use.
C.They can freely express their good or bad feelings.
D.They would avoid some unpleasant topics.
12.What can we infer from Romanoff’s words in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.It is easy to express one’s meaning through texting.
B.It is necessary to guess the meaning behind words.
C.People can understand each other more easily by phone calls.
D.People should use simple words to express themselves in emails.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Talking to Teens About Friendships
　　Parents can’t choose their teenagers’ friends or control their friendships.13.（　　） Here are some of the most important things about friendships that parents should share with their teens.
　　Authentic （真实的） Connection
　　The best teen friendships allow teenagers to speak honestly and openly about how they are feeling.14.（　　） This kind of authentic connection will support them during adolescence （青春期） and beyond.
　　The Power of Listening
　　Friendships depend on listening as well as sharing.Strong teen friendships depend on listening closely and responding with encouragement and positive feedback.
　　Friendships Change
　　15.（　　） People change as they grow up， and then they may grow apart.Parents can encourage teens to think about the qualities that are important to them in a relationship.Friendships are more likely to last when teens have similar values， and want the same things out of the relationship.
　　Conflict （矛盾） Is Natural
　　It’s normal for teens to have fights and disagreements.16.（　　） Teen friendships help adolescents learn how to deal with conflict and how to recognize what they could do differently.Moreover， they learn how important it is to say “I’m sorry.” and also how important it is to pardon the other person.
　　In conclusion， teen friendships matter — a lot.17.（　　） By sharing， parents can not only help their teens win true friends， but also improve their parent-child relationships.
A.It can help friends stay calm.
B.Not all teen friendships last forever.
C.Parents should listen to what they say patiently.
D.They’re a huge part of growing into adulthood.
E.But that doesn’t mean the friendship has to end.
F.Moreover， they can do so without fear of being judged.
G.But they can talk to their teens about what friendship should feel like.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以My Best Friend为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
　　1.简要介绍你最喜欢的朋友；
　　2.说明你喜欢他/她的原因；
　　3.朋友在我们生活中的重要性。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
My Best Friend
　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5 / 6Section Ⅱ　Using language
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1.What we should remember is that our 　　　　　（义务） is to serve the people heart and soul.
2.We must 　　　　　　（确保） that all patients have access to high-quality care.
3.Some speakers argued that 　　　　　　（拳击） was less dangerous than rugby.
4.I didn’t mean to break the window — it was an 　　　　　　（意外事件）.
5.Concern for the environment is at the 　　　　　　（核心） of our policies.
6.The house was small and dark inside so it took a long time for our eyes to 　　　　　　（适应）.
7.We 　　　　　　（原谅） his bad temper because we knew that his son’s illness had put him under great stress.
8.To her e　　　　　　， she couldn’t remember his name when she met an old friend in the street.
9.She’s always c　　　　　　 her friends for being selfish.
10.The headteacher was a　　　　　　 to find some teenagers smoking after school.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　， the city looks like a beautiful garden.
从山上看，这个城市就像一个美丽的花园。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对他的教学工作的观点时，菲利普说他觉得既有趣又有意义。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， John didn’t notice evening approaching.
约翰全神贯注于这道难题，没有注意到夜幕降临了。
4.My uncle came to our New Year party， 　　　　　　　　　as Donald Duck.
我叔叔来参加我们的新年晚会，打扮成唐老鸭的样子。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　， the papers were handed out.
被老师批改完后，试卷被分发下去。
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the worker took a day’s leave.
得到经理的允许，这个工人休了一天的假。
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， my flat is comfortable to live in.
我的公寓装饰了新家具和壁纸，住起来很舒服。
8.　　　　　　　　　　　　， he said， “It was like seeing colour for the first time.”
被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”
9.The boy started as if 　　　　　　　　　　　.
这个男孩猛地一惊，好像从梦中惊醒了似的。
10.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the old man felt happy.
身边围着一群年轻人，老人感到很高兴。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　The newly designed robot can aid people with physical tasks and many other social services.For example， 1.　　　　　　 （give） a certain instruction， a service robot can help move objects from one place to another within a house.It can also help the person to contact his or her doctor or give the person daily reminders.2.　　　　　　 （employ） by families with children， a service robot can make the time parents spend doing household chores 3.　　　　　　 （reduce）.It might also make parents less worried， because they know that glassware， for example， won’t possibly be broken by children when 4.　　　　　　 （collect） by a service robot.
　　5.　　　　　　 （design） with such functions， service robots are gaining wide popularity in the world.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone， when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression？ It may seem like they have consciously （有意识地） copied you， but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon （变色龙） effect at play.
　　The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behaviour.Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colours， people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
　　The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999.The first part of their experiment included 78 people， who each spoke with an experimenter.During the test， Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before， like moving the foot and touching the face.The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
　　In the first stage， participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter.The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for， and the photograph was used to catch their attention to ensure unconscious acts.The second stage involved half of the participants being copied， and then rating the likeability of the experimenter.The results showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher.It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour， we develop more positive feelings about them.These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked， and forming a moment of connection.
　　The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive.However， when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme， they can lose their sense of self.Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected.But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice.Next time you are in a social gathering， take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
1.Why do people acquire others’ behavior？（　　）
A.To match the environment’s colours. B.To attract others’ attention.
C.To establish a connection with others. D.To adapt to the surroundings.
2.How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviour？（　　）
A.By directing their attention to a photo.
B.By keeping a close eye on their actions.
C.By telling them the purpose of the study.
D.By evaluating the impacts of their imitation.
3.What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment？（　　）
A.Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
B.People tend to like those who imitate their behaviour.
C.People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D.The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
4.Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage？（　　）
A.A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
B.Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
C.People change their habits to please others on purpose.
D.A husband and his wife share similar behaviour over time.
B
　　Living in a modern society has its advantages and disadvantages. One disadvantage is that you often have to live closer to other people than you would like to. Sometimes， your neighbours make noise that you are not comfortable with.
　　The best way to solve this problem is to talk with your neighbour first. You should be very polite and ask your neighbour if he knows how thin the walls of your homes are. This way doesn’t criticise （批评） his behaviour； it simply points out that he may not realise how far his sound travels. Tell him that you know that sometimes you make noise as well， but that you do your best to keep it down. Often this will solve the problem right away， but sometimes the neighbour may become angry.
　　If your neighbour becomes angry with you， there are some more steps you can take. You might write a letter to the neighbourhood committee. Make sure you write down the source of the noise and the time in the letter. They will review the situation and decide whether your neighbour is out of line. Some noise is considered to be reasonable， even if it bothers you. So you may prepare a good pair of earplugs （耳塞）.
　　Even if your neighbour makes too much noise， you don’t have to live your life in discomfort. It’s always a good idea to be friendly with your neighbours. You may clean the rubbish in front of his door. He’s sure to appreciate behaviour like this and be more open to your suggestions about the noise level.
5.What is the first step to deal with the noisy neighbour？（　　）
A.To buy a good pair of earplugs.
B.To offer suggestions to the neighbour.
C.To ask the neighbourhood committee for help.
D.To tell the neighbour how bad his behaviour is.
6.What does the underlined word “reasonable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Terrible.　　　　 B.Loud.
C.Proper.　 D.Useful.
7.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？（　　）
A.You should control your noise as well.
B.You can live comfortably even if there is noise.
C.Your neighbour may be more friendly than you think.
D.You should offer some suggestions to your neighbour.
8.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？ （　　）
A.To tell us why we should get on well with neighbours.
B.To tell us how to relax ourselves in modern society.
C.To tell us how to become known among neighbours.
D.To tell us what we should do with our noisy neighbours.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　The first day of school our primary Mrs Miller introduced herself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t already know.I stood up to 　9　 around when a pretty girl came into my sight.She said， “Hi， my name is Katie.”
　　After class we became 　10　 friends.Every day for the next 8 years we studied together and talked nonstop.We were 　11　 to our classmates， and everyone knew that if you saw one of us， you’d likely see the other.
9.（　）A.expect　　 B.show
C.look　 D.come
10.（　）A.instant　 B.old
C.strange　 D.false
11.（　）A.inseparable B.competitive
C.independent D.indifferent
　　But when we started high school， things began to change.Katie 　12　 the cheerleading team and started hanging out with a new group of friends.But I joined the robotics club， and spent most of my time 　13　 with machines and coding.We still saw each other at school， but our schedules became 　14　 and we had less time to hang out.
　　One day， Katie told me she’d been having a 　15　 time with her cheerleading coach.Her coach had been criticizing her 　16　 and telling her that she wasn’t good enough.She wanted to give it up.
　　Katie’s words reminded me of a time when I was working on a robot and couldn’t get it to function 　17　.As I felt like giving up， Katie said to me， “I know you dream of being a robotics engineer.When you 　18　 your dream， you die.You can do anything if you put your mind to it.” It was my turn to help her out.I told her that she was an amazing 　19　， and that she could overcome any obstacle with hard work and 　20　.
　　After the chat Katie started to feel better about herself.She even tried out for the team captain position.She didn’t get the role， but she was 　21　 of herself for trying.
　　Years later， Katie and I were still best friends.We realized that while our new friends were fun， they didn’t 　22　 us the way we did.We pursued different paths， but we helped each other believe in ourselves， and showed each other the power of 　23　， determination， and support.
12.（　）A.observed　 B.led
C.joined　 D.moved
13.（　）A.comparing　 B.tinkering
C.fighting　 D.bargaining
14.（　）A.busier　 B.lazier
C.smarter　 D.shorter
15.（　）A.careful　 B.tough
C.sensible　 D.ridiculous
16.（　）A.endings　 B.songs
C.grades　 D.moves
17.（　）A.properly　 B.tightly
C.perfectly　 D.beautifully
18.（　）A.shake　 B.believe
C.express　 D.lose
19.（　）A.dreamer　 B.dancer
C.cheerleader　 D.friend
20.（　）A.determination　 B.regret
C.excitement　 D.satisfaction
21.（　）A.delightful　 B.proud
C.optimistic　 D.thankful
22.（　）A.hope　 B.promise
C.support　 D.teach
23.（　）A.confidence　 B.kindness
C.generosity　 D.friendship
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Would you like 24.　　　　　　 （get） in touch with your friends？ Do you send a text 25.　　　　　　 make a phone call？ A new study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology suggests that you 26.　　　　　　 （call） instead of 27.　　　　　　 （send） a text.Calling makes you feel more connected with your friends.
　　Scientists asked 200 people to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone.Many people 28.　　　　　　 （think） that a phone call would be more awkward.But 29.　　　　　　 （actual）， hearing someone’s voice made the experience 30.　　　　　　 （good）.
　　According to the study， people like to text because they can have more control.They can think about their message before they send it， and they won’t be cut off or interrupted while messaging.
　　But 31.　　　　　　 the other hand， texting can make 32.　　　　　　 hard to understand the true meaning of a conversation.Making a phone call is more natural.You don’t need to overthink the possible meanings behind the words and punctuation 33.　　　　　　 can be used in a text.
5 / 5Section Ⅳ　Writing an essay
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　I had this girl in my class and I always considered her to be really foolish.She’d ask a ton of questions in class， which I would 　1　 to be “stupid” and “silly” and sometimes her question caused a storm of 　2　 but she’d never stop asking.
　　However， the fact was that she’d almost always top the class examinations and everyone was confused.Some students said she was 　3　 because she wasn’t so 　4　 in class.Although nobody could prove that she was actually cheating， they totally 　5　 that she did.
　　I was pretty socially awkward so I never really talked to her.She was leaving school this year and I was truly 　6　 about how she was so good during exams and how she didn’t let others’ remarks affect her.So I 　7　 decided to find out what was up.She told me that her friend was severely socially anxious and she’d fallen behind in studies because she couldn’t dare to ask doubts in class or ask for 　8　 from others.So they had this system where during lectures her friend would 　9　 any questions she had， and then the girl would 　10　 them for her.With her help， her friend made 　11　， though this girl suffered prejudice for being stupid when she was actually really smart.
　　It was such a（n） 　12　 story that it really changed the way I 　13　 people.I wouldn’t be quick to jump to conclusions.It also taught me a 　14　： Standing beside our friends when they 　15　 us isn’t always an easy choice.But when you care about them， it’s the only choice.
1.（　）A.agree　　　　　 B.consider
C.remember　 D.doubt
2.（　）A.noise　 B.sigh
C.cry　 D.laughter
3.（　）A.cheating　 B.pretending
C.playing　 D.studying
4.（　）A.active　 B.intelligent
C.hard-working　 D.easy-going
5.（　）A.heard　 B.expected
C.believed　 D.agreed
6.（　）A.curious　 B.worried
C.crazy　 D.excited
7.（　）A.extremely　 B.finally
C.naturally　 D.obviously
8.（　）A.leave　 B.advice
C.help　 D.permission
9.（　）A.give up　 B.debate about
C.turn down　 D.write down
10.（　）A.explain　 B.repeat
C.ask　 D.solve
11.（　）A.mistakes　 B.sense
C.progress　 D.friends
12.（　）A.annoying　 B.interesting
C.surprising　 D.touching
13.（　）A.judged　 B.described
C.taught　 D.introduced
14.（　）A.way　 B.lesson
C.strategy　 D.result
15.（　）A.change　 B.need
C.refuse　 D.encourage
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　Zwick could not hide her emotions when a kind-hearted stranger gave up his first-class plane seat for her and her sick daughter.Though she did not get to thank him properly on the plane， she 16.　　　　　　 （final） got her chance on social media after her Facebook post spread quickly online.Zwick was flying from Orlando to Philadelphia with her 11-month-old daughter Lucy 17.　　　　　 （early） this week.Since the baby suffered from lung disease， the two of them were travelling to a children’s hospital in Philadelphia for 18.　　　　　　 （treat）.
　　She was pushing a stroller （婴儿车）， had 19.　　　　　　 big bag on her arm and carried an oxygen machine for her daughter.As they 20.　　　　　　 （settle） into their seats， however， Zwick was surprised to be approached by a flight attendant， 21.　　　　　　 said that a man in first class wanted to switch seats with her.
　　“Not able to hold back 22.　　　 　　　（tear）， I cried on the seat while my daughter Lucy laughed，” wrote Zwick.“I smiled and thanked you as we switched but didn’t get to thank you properly.Thank you for 23.　　　　　　 （care） about us and realizing that maybe things are not always easy， for deciding you wanted 24.　　　　　　 （show） a random act of kindness to us.25.　　　　　　 reminded me how much good there is in this world.”
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　One sunny morning， the sun began to rise， casting a warm golden glow over the park. Two young men named Tom and Jerry， who were lost in their own books， found themselves sitting on the opposite ends of a bench. The air was filled with the sweet scent of blooming flowers and the distant sound of children playing. Their eyes met for a brief moment before they both bent down to pick up their pens. It seemed as if they had known before. They quickly became friends and then began to spend many happy times together. They played basketball， watched movies， and spent many unforgettable days together. However， as time went on， their lives changed， and their friendship was put to the test.
　　A few years later， Tom became a successful lawyer， while Jerry chose a different path and became an artist. Despite different kinds of changes in their lifestyles， they still kept in touch and would gather together every once in a while to recall the good old days.
　　One day， Tom received a letter from Jerry. The letter said， “Dear Tom， I hope you can come and visit my art exhibition. I know you may not be interested in art， but I think you will like these works. They are all paintings I made during the days we spent together. I hope you can feel the friendship between us.”
　　After reading the letter， Tom immediately decided to attend Jerry’s art exhibition. He bought a bunch of flowers as a gift and arrived at the exhibition site. When he walked into the exhibition hall， he was shocked by what he saw. The walls were filled with Jerry’s works， each painting full of life and emotion. He saw scenes of them playing basketball in the park， watching movies together， and walking in the rain. These paintings made him feel the deep friendship between them.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　At the exhibition， Tom met many old friends.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　With the bunch of flowers， Tom still kept looking for Jerry. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2 / 3