Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
The Well That Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan [1]had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing① African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain②.It was very close — only ten steps away.So， Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to③ walk ten kilometres to get water every day？ And why is the water [2]so dirty that it makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， [3]but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？”
[1]have trouble （in） doing sth做某事有困难；spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the words；that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面words的内容，that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
[2]so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”；so后面跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句；make them sick为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，sick作宾语补足语。
[3]but hard for those people中，but是并列连词，hard for those people是省略句，省略了life is。
At first④，his plan was [4]to earn⑤ money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening⑥ for his family and neighbours.He soon reached his first target⑦ of $70， but when he gave the money to a charity⑧， he [5]was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑨.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children.[6]What they needed was a well dug⑩ near their homes.
[4]第一个动词不定式短语to earn money作表语；第二个动词不定式短语to build a single well作目的状语。
[5]was told是一般过去时的被动语态；that引导宾语从句。
[6]What 引导主语从句，在从句中作needed的宾语；dug near their homes为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a well。
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money， but Ryan didn’t give up .He was determined to help other children have clean water.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.At the same time ， a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public .After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， [7]with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water.They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda， Ryan at last saw [8]the finished well with his own eyes .But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous， but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile .
[7]“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词$2，000。
[8]finished是动词finish的过去分词，此处作前置定语，修饰well。
Later， Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Many inspired people gave him their support.Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people ， so the work of building more wells can go on .Today， over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean， safe water.
Now， as an adult， Ryan says that the question [9]to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”.This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy [10]who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality .
[9]动词不定式作后置定语，修饰the question。
[10]who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
【读文清障】
①developing adj.发展中的
developed adj.发达的
②fountain n.喷水池
③have to 不得不
④at first 起初；首先
⑤earn v.挣（钱）
⑥do gardening 做园艺工作
⑦target n.目标；靶子
reach his first target
达到他的第一个目标
⑧charity n.慈善机构
⑨a hand bump 一个手压泵
⑩dig （dug，dug） v.挖掘
give up 放弃；戒掉
determined adj.坚定的，有决心的
be determined to do 下决心做……
start to do 开始做……
ask for help from ... 从……寻求帮助
persuade sb to do 说服某人去做……
donate v.捐赠，捐献
at the same time 与此同时
go public 宣扬出去；公布于众
no longer 不再
for hours 几个小时
be grateful to sb 对某人感激
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
with one’s own eyes 亲眼
hundreds of 几百个；数百个
delighted adj.感到高兴的
delightful adj.使人高兴的
turn out 出席（某项活动）；在场
offer v.提供；给予
warmth n.温暖
make a difference
有影响；起（重要）作用
break into a smile 突然笑起来
lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
set up 建立
foundation n.基金会
encourage sb to do sth
鼓励某人做某事
inspired adj.受……激励的；受……影响的
continue to do sth 继续做某事
more and more people 越来越多的人
go on 继续下去
benefit from 从……中获益
not ...but ...不是……而是……
insight n.顿悟，猛醒
perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality n.真实，现实
【参考译文】
改变世界的井
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。瑞安的目光掠过教室，望向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步之遥。因此，瑞安问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？”年幼的瑞安想：“我的生活很舒适，可他们的生活却那么艰难，我为什么不去帮助他们呢？”
起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲某个地方挖一口井。通过帮助家人和邻居擦玻璃、做园艺，瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2，000美元。70美元只够买一个手压泵。瑞安明白，一个手压泵无法帮到非洲的孩子们，他们需要的是一口离家不远的井。
2，000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。与此同时，在瑞安妈妈的一位朋友的帮助下，瑞安的事为公众所知了。几个月后，瑞安筹到了2，000 美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。这所学校的孩子们再也不用走几小时的路去打水了。他们非常感激瑞安，并邀请瑞安前来参观。
在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼见到了已经完工的井。不仅如此，他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。他们高兴地又唱又跳，有的学生还为他送上了食物和礼物。刚开始瑞安还有点紧张，但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头，他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。他突然高兴地笑了。
后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向瑞安提供支持。瑞安的基金会不断吸引着越来越多的人给予帮助，从而使打井事业能够继续。今天，这份能改变人一生的礼物——干净卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家的80多万人。
如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries？（ ）
A.The countries were too dry to have enough water.
B.The wells were too far away and the water was dirty.
C.People didn’t want to walk to fetch water.
D.People used too much water and polluted it.
2.What inspired the Canadian boy to help？（ ）
A.The drinking fountain in his school.
B.His teacher’s introduction.
C.The dirty water he found.
D.The ten-kilometre distance.
3.How did Ryan earn money at first？（ ）
A.He asked his parents for money.
B.He earned money by selling his toys.
C.He earned money by doing some housework.
D.He earned money by cleaning windows in the classroom.
4.Which is the direct result of Ryan’s effort？（ ）
A.Getting more clean water.
B.Setting up a foundation.
C.Building a new well.
D.Making him go public.
5.How can we describe the Canadian boy？（ ）
A.Helpful and determined.
B.Joyful and warm-hearted.
C.Hard-working and grateful.
D.Delighted and generous.
6.Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title？（ ）
A.Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa.
B.The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water shortage.
C.The more wells you dig， the better the world will be.
D.The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world a better place.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences showing people’s perseverance.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that show concern for others.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.As a senior high school student， what can you do to help people in need？
2.What if you want to help those in need but you find you can’t finish it on your own？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
句式分析 spoken by his teacher是过去分词短语作 语，修饰the words；that many people in developing African countries ...是that引导的 从句，解释说明 。
自主翻译
2.He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity， he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.
句式分析 句中but连接两个并列分句；第二个分句中when引导 从句，主句为he was told ...to build a well，主句中含有一个that引导的 从句，该从句中 作形式主语，真正的主语是 。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
contribution n.贡献；捐献；投稿
【教材原句】 the contribution these people made to society
这些人对社会所做的贡献
【用法】
（1）make contributions/a contribution to 对……作出贡献 （2）contribute vi.& vt. 捐献；捐助；撰稿 contribute ...to ... 把……捐献给……；为……撰稿 contribute to 有助于；促成；造成；向……投稿 （3）contributor n. 投稿人；捐赠者
【佳句】 A teacher was so deeply moved by these kind people that she wrote an essay and contributed to a newspaper.
一位老师被这些好心人深深地感动了，于是她写了一篇文章并投到了一家报社。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Doing small things well contributes to （build） up our confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
②They are people who warm our hearts with their moving stories and significant （contribute） to the society.
③It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money the charity.
【写美】 补全句子
④Your advice will the success of the class meeting.
你的建议将有助于班会的成功。 （求助信）
relief n.减轻，缓解
【教材原句】 The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried， is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在皮肤被仔细清洗和干燥之后所感受到的缓解和舒适程度是病床前最经常要观察的事情之一。
【用法】
（1）with relief 如释重负；松了一口气 to one’s relief 令某人欣慰的是 It is a relief to do sth 做某事是一种解脱 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 What a relief！ 可轻松了！ （2）relieve vt. 救出；解脱；使脱离 relieve sb of ... 帮助某人减轻…… （3）relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
【佳句】 I breathed a sigh of relief as the plane my parents were aboard landed safely.
＝I sighed with relief as the plane my parents were aboard landed safely.
我父母乘坐的飞机安全着陆时，我松了一口气。 （心理描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （relief）， she went home with a weight lifted off her heart.
②He came to tell us that the work had been successfully completed， which made us smile relief.
③The new secretary will contribute to relieving us some of the paperwork.
【写美】 一句多译
④发现我妹妹已经适应了新环境，我感到很欣慰。
→ find my sister had adjusted to the new surroundings.
→ ， I found my sister had adjusted to the new surroundings.
shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏
【教材原句】 Freshwater shortage （less than 1，000 m3/capita/year）
淡水缺乏（每人每年不到1，000立方米）
【用法】
（1）a shortage of ... 缺乏…… food/housing/water shortage 食物/住房/用水短缺 （2）short adj. 缺少的；短的；矮的 be short of 缺少…… be short for 是……的缩写/简称 in short 总之，简言之 for short 作为简称 have a short memory 记性差
【佳句】 There’s no shortage of ideas when it comes to improving the education of children.
谈到改善孩子的教育，大家都想法很多。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Nursing homes in Beijing are short 20，000 workers due to high stress.
②Food （short） will long be a worldwide problem though much has been done.
③The word NBA is short the National Basketball Association.
【写美】 补全句子
④ ， I think we should remember his contributions to our country and learn from him.
总之，我认为我们应记住他对国家的贡献，并向他学习。
effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
【教材原句】 Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply Africa with fresh water.现在勾选你认为向非洲供应淡水最有效的解决方案。
【用法】
（1）effect n. 效果；影响；作用 have an effect on ... 对……有影响 bring/put ...into effect 使……生效；实行…… come into effect＝take effect 生效 in effect 实际上；生效 cause and effect 因果 （2）affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭，使感染
【佳句】 They decided to take effective measures.Moreover， they would establish a water-saving foundation.
他们决定采取有效措施。此外，他们将建立一个节水基金会。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In my opinion， go outdoors and play team games with your friends， which is an （effect） way to get rid of anger.
②Much to his relief， the new rule came effect at last.
③ effect， the twins differ from each other in many ways.
【写美】 补全句子
④Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems， which Chinese culture.
李白创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
earn v.挣（钱）；赢得，博得
【教材原句】 At first， his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.
起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲某个地方挖一口井。
【用法】
（1）earn/make a living 谋生 earn money 挣钱 earn sb sth＝earn sth for sb 为某人赢得某物 earn the respect of sb 赢得某人的尊敬 （2）earnings n. （复数）薪水，工资
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I had no idea where my father worked， nor how he earned living.
【写美】 补全句子
②His kindness .
他的善良为他赢得了一个好名声。
donate v.捐赠，捐献
【教材原句】 He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.
他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。
【用法】
（1）donate ...to ... 向……捐赠…… （2）donation n. 捐献，捐赠；捐款 make a donation to ... 向……捐赠 （3）donor n. 捐赠者 （4）donated adj. 捐赠的
【佳句】 I want to donate the money I earned from my part-time jobs to the foundation.
我想把我从兼职工作中挣来的钱捐给这个基金会。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①This time she was told that if a suitable （donate） could be found， a kidney transplant was the best option.
②Your （donate） will be used to help the students from mountain villages.
【写美】 补全句子
③It is reported that the businessman our school.
据报道，那个商人向我们学校捐了一百万美元。
break into a smile 突然笑起来
【教材原句】 He broke into a joyful smile.他突然高兴地笑了。
【用法】
break into 破门而入；闯入；突然……起来 break in 强行进入；插嘴 break out （战争、火灾等）爆发；突然发生 break down 停止运转，出故障；分解；垮掉 break up 打碎；分裂，解体；结束；（关系等）破裂；散开，解散 break away （from ...） 突然离开；（从……中）脱离
【佳句】 Don’t break in when he is telling his own story.
他讲自己的故事时，不要插嘴。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She just broke with her boyfriend. Make sure that you are sensitive to her feelings.
②His car broke on the way， and that was why he was late for the meeting.
③Nowadays many farmers want to break away farming and make a living in cities.
【写美】 补全句子
④The teacher’s eyes sparkled and .
老师的眼睛闪闪发光，突然笑起来。 （神态描写）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：that引导同位语从句
【教材原句】 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
【用法】
同位语从句用来说明其所修饰的名词的具体内容，通常由that引导，常放在名词advice， demand， doubt， suggestion， truth， wish， word等之后。
【点津】 that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句：
I had no idea that you were here.（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea （that） this book gives you？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
【写美】 微写作
①他的健康每况愈下的消息使我们很难过。
The news makes us sad.
②他给我的建议是我应该停止抱怨。
He gave me the suggestion .
③我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
There is no possibility .
④我们相信张伟会遵守诺言。
We hold the belief .
句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【教材原句】 After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.
几个月后，瑞安筹到了2，000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
【用法】
句中with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。 （1）在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom，不能用that或who代替，也不可省略。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制。 （2）介词的确定要遵循“一先、二动、三意义”的原则：“一先”，即根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“二动”，即根据定语从句中的动词或形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。 （3）关系副词when， where， why可用“介词＋which”来代替。
【品悟】 There comes Tom，for whom I have been waiting an hour or so.
汤姆来了，我等了他大约一个小时。
【写美】 微写作/同义句转换
①他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。
He handed me a pen， .
②我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名气。
The university， ， is very famous.
③I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
→I still remember the day， we met for the first time.
④I don’t know the reason why the house is so dirty.
→I don’t know the reason， the house is so dirty.
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 2 Section Ⅰ
11 / 11Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
THE POWER of GOOD
“The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton
It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a train① at Prague’s Wilson Station.Their heartbroken②parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again.But they know that their children will live.[1]These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death③at the hands of the Nazis④.
Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London， to German-Jewish parents.The family later took British nationality⑤.[2]On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.[3]He returned to Britain in 1931， where he worked in business.
[1]本句为复合句，其中most of them Jewish为独立主格结构作状语；that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。
[2]on doing ...意为“一……就……”。
[3]句中 where引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为地点名词Britain，where在从句中作地点状语。
[4]In December 1938， a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid⑥ people who were escaping from the Nazis.[5]In Prague， Winton saw people living in terrible conditions⑦ and whose lives were in danger⑧.He decided to help transport⑨ children to safety in Britain.He established an office to keep records of⑩ the children， and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.[6]He used donated funds and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required.[7] By August 1939， Winton had saved 669 children.
[4]句中who引导定语从句，先行词为people， who在从句中作主语。
[5]句中whose引导定语从句，先行词为people， whose在从句中作定语。
[6]句中that引导定语从句，先行词为50 pounds， that 在从句中作宾语。
[7]By后为过去的时间点，句子使用过去完成时。
During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force.He left the military in 1954.He then worked for international charities and for various companies.For the most part， he did not mention the children he saved， and his actions soon disappeared from people’s memories .
[8]That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home.[9]The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in .She sent the journal to a newspaper， and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That’s Life.At one point ， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives .A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet .The programme brought his actions to public attention， and Winton became a respected figure around the world.
[8]句中when引导定语从句，先行词为1988， when在从句中作时间状语。
[9]句中that引导定语从句，先行词为families， that在从句中作主语。
Later， Winton received various honours for his achievement ， including a knighthood in 2003， and the Czech government’s highest honour， the Order of the White Lion， in 2014.
Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015， at the age of 106.[10]As the Chinese saying goes，“A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”
[10]句中as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。
【读文清障】
①board a train 登上火车
②heartbroken adj.心碎的
③save sb from death从死神中解救某人
④Nazi n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
⑤take British nationality取得英国国籍
⑥aid v.帮助，援助
⑦live in terrible conditions 居住条件恶劣
⑧in danger 在危险中
⑨transport v.运输，输送
transport ...to safety 把……转移到安全地方
⑩keep records of 记录
temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
serve as 担任
military n.军队
charity n.慈善机构
various adj.各种各样的
various＝a variety of＝varieties of
memory n.记忆（此处为可数名词）
journal n.日记
take sb in 收留某人
at one point 在某一时刻
save one’s life 救了某人的命
majority n.大多数，大部分
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
a respected figure一位受尊敬的人物
achievement n.成绩，成就
make great achievements取得重大成就
pass away 去世
【参考译文】
善行的力量
“英国辛德勒”：尼古拉斯·温顿的一生
1939年8月，一群心惊胆战的孩子在布拉格的威尔逊车站登上一辆列车。而他们伤心欲绝的父母却没有上车。他们确实害怕再也见不到自己的孩子了，可他们知道，孩子们能够活下去。这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
1909年5月19日尼古拉斯·温顿出生于伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。全家后来加入了英国国籍。从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。1931年，他回到英国，从事商业工作。
1938年12月，一位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱纳粹的迫害。在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。他决定把孩子们转移到英国安全的地方。他开设了一个办事处，记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。他用捐款加上自己的钱支付了英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。截至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。
二战期间，温顿成为英国皇家空军的一名军官。1954年他离开了部队，之后在一些国际慈善机构和多家公司工作过。他很少提及自己救孩子的事情，于是这些事渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
直到1988年，一切都发生了改变。他的妻子格蕾特在家中发现了一本被遗忘的日记。日记本中夹着孩子们的照片，记录着孩子们的名字和寄养家庭的地址。她把这本日记送到了一家报社。这一年，温顿上了英国的一档电视节目——《这就是生活》。节目中，主持人问在场有没有被温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。这个节目让温顿的善举为公众所了解，也让温顿被世界各地的人们所尊敬。
此后，温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉，其中包括2003年获得的爵士称号，以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日与世长辞，享年106岁。这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.The children were excited to board the train.
B.The children boarded the train with their parents.
C.All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D.It was very likely that the parents would not see their children again.
2.Put the following events in order of time.（ ）
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force.
A.①③④② B.①②③④
C.③①④② D.③④①②
3.What do we know about Nicholas Winton’s great behaviour？（ ）
A.As a German Jewish， he was always helpful.
B.What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C.His friend asked him to help people escape.
D.The British government paid all the cost.
4.Why did his great behaviour keep for so long？（ ）
A.Because his wife didn’t find the secret before.
B.Because no TV station invited him to share.
C.Because he didn’t want to mention his memories.
D.Because the children he saved forgot him.
5.What can we infer from Paragraph 5？（ ）
A.The audience were moved by Winton’s deeds.
B.The program was very interesting.
C.The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D.Winton’s wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.Why did the parents fear that they would never see their children？
2.If you were Winton， would you tell your actions to others？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。most of them Jewish为 结构；that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis为that引导的 从句。
自主翻译
2.In Prague， Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。living in terrible conditions为动词-ing短语作 语；whose lives were in danger为whose引导的 从句。
自主翻译
3.As the Chinese saying goes，“A kind-hearted person lives a long life.”
句式分析 句中As引导 从句，意为“ ”。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
aid v.帮助，援助 n.帮助
【教材原句】 In December 1938， a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
1938年12月，一位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱纳粹的迫害。
【用法】
（1）aid sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb with ... 在某方面帮助某人 （2）come/go to one’s aid 来（去）帮助某人 first aid 急救 in aid of 用来帮助…… with the aid of 在……的帮助下
【佳句】 You’ll know about how to handle an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first aid skills， which will be of great help to you.
你将了解如何处理事故，并学习一些最常用的急救技能，这些会对你很有帮助。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I came his aid in reward for his kindness when I was in trouble.
②They collected money aid of charity.
【写美】 一句多译
③在电视上一看到这个可怜的小男孩，他就决定要帮助他继续学业。
→The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV， he determined to his studies.
→The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV， he determined to his studies.
rise to one’s feet站起身来
【教材原句】 At one point， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives.A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
节目中，主持人问在场有没有被温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。
【用法】
on one’s feet 站立着；恢复 set foot on/in 进入，踏上 stand on one’s own feet 独立；自立 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起身来 jump to one’s feet 跳起
【佳句】 I tried to stand on my own feet rather than turned to my parents.
我试图自立，而不是求助于我的父母。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Hearing the good news， he jumped his feet with great joy.
②Many foreigners are eager to set foot the Great Wall of China.
【写美】 补全句子
③At the end of the celebration， we all ， cheering wildly.
庆典结束时，我们都站了起来，热烈地欢呼。
achievement n.成绩，成就
【教材原句】 Later， Winton received various honours for his achievement， including a knighthood in 2003， and the Czech government’s highest honour， the Order of the White Lion， in 2014.
此后，温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉，其中包括2003年获得的爵士称号，以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
【用法】
（1）a sense of achievement一种成就感 make an achievement in ... 在某方面取得成就 （2）achieve vt. 完成；达到；获得；实现；成功 vi. 达到预期的目的 achieve success 获得成功 achieve one’s goal/dream 实现某人的目标/梦想
【佳句】 If you realise your dream after hard work，you will have a wonderful sense of achievement.如果你在努力工作之后实现了你的梦想，你会有一种美妙的成就感。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Tu Youyou has made great achievements the medical field.
②Their task finished， they felt a sense of （achieve）.
【写美】 补全句子
③In order to ， David devoted most of his time to his business.
为了实现他的目标，大卫把大部分时间都花在了生意上。 （人物介绍）
④Hard work played an important role in his road to .
勤奋在他获得成功的道路上起了重要的作用。
major adj.重要的，主要的；主修的 n.主修科目 vi.主修；专攻
【教材原句】 Major Achievements and Awards 主要成就和奖项
【用法】
（1）major in 主修……；以……为专业 （2）majority n. 大半，大多数 be in a/the majority 占大多数 a/the majority of ... 大多数…… （3）minority n. 少数；少数派/人；少数民族
【佳句】 Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.
现在，这座昔日的皇宫作为一个主要的旅游景点向公众开放。 （景点介绍）
【点津】 “a/the majority of＋名词”表示“大多数……”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
The majority was/were in favour of the ban.大多数人赞成此禁令。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In fact，he inspired me to major English in college， a bridge between China and the world.
②A majority of people （be） aware of the importance of environmental protection.
③To his disappointment， people who were against the plan were in majority.
④There are 55 （minority） in all in our country.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤When it comes to education，most people believe that education is a lifetime study.
→When it comes to education， people believe that education is a lifetime study.
treatment n.治疗；疗法
【教材原句】 Worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment for malaria
曾担任一个旨在发现疟疾治疗方法的研究小组的组长
【用法】
（1）under medical treatment 正在接受治疗 （2）treat vt.& vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 请客；款待 treat ...as ... 把……当……看待 treat sb/oneself to 用……款待某人/自己
【佳句】 To our relief，the disabled girl is responding well to treatment.
让我们感到宽慰的是，这个残疾女孩经过治疗大有起色。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The old couple treated his words a joke.
②I treated her a good meal in celebration of her great achievement.
【写美】 补全句子
③The man rose to his feet and thanked the doctor who had his headache.
这个人站起来，感谢给他治疗头疼的医生。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：“on/upon＋名词/doing”表示“一……就……”
【教材原句】 On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
【用法】
on/upon （doing） .... 表示“一……就……”，本句可以转换成时间状语从句：As soon as he left school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. “一……就……”的其他表达形式： （1）immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 （2）the moment/minute/instant/second＋从句 （3）No sooner ...than ...（No sooner后用过去完成时的倒装结构） （4）Scarcely/Hardly ...when ...（Scarcely/Hardly后用过去完成时的倒装结构）
【品悟】 She was joyful on/upon seeing her son learned to walk.
＝She was joyful as soon as she saw her son learned to walk.
一看到儿子学会走路，她就感觉很高兴。 （情感描写）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①On （see） Jack， I’ll tell him the good news that he has been admitted into Peking University.
②On her （arrive） at the party， she was greeted with cheers.
【写美】 句式升级
③He started his travel to Suzhou as soon as he finished his studies.
→ ， he started his travel to Suzhou.（介词短语）
→ ， he started his travel to Suzhou.（名词短语）
→He started his travel to Suzhou .（连词）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ
7 / 8Section Ⅱ Using language
过去分词（短语）作定语
①In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
②As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
③The lost time can never be found again.
④We were told we would meet at given time and place.
⑤The student dressed in white is my daughter.
⑥The movie called Ad Astra was famous for its special techniques.
【我的发现】
1.例句①③④中黑体部分为 的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的 ；例句②⑤⑥中黑体部分为 作定语，应放在被修饰名词的 。
2.黑体部分表示被动意义的有句 ；表示完成意义的有句 ；表示被动完成的有句 ；表示状态的有句 。
一、过去分词（短语）作定语时的位置
1.前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
Many used computers will be sold in this market.
很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。
名师点津
有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如left （剩余的），given （所给的），concerned （有关的）等。
There’s little time left.Let’s hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了，我们快点吧。
2.后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
He is a teacher loved by his students.
他是一位受学生爱戴的老师。
The book published ten years ago is still a best-seller today.
十年前出版的这本书现在仍然是一本畅销书。
二、过去分词（短语）作定语时的意义
1.及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现在正在医院受到良好的照顾。
Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally.
大多数大学现在给大一学生提供一门专门设计的课程来帮助他们在学术和个人发展上获得成功。
2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早上升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。
Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
许多小孩子喜欢在庭院里收集落叶。
名师点津
过去分词（短语）作定语时，其语法功能相当于一个定语从句
Tsinghua University， founded（＝which was founded） in 1911， is home to a great number of outstanding people.
清华大学建立于1911年，是许多名人的母校。
As we all know， America is a developed country （＝a country which/that is developed）.
众所周知，美国是一个发达国家。
【即时演练1】 根据括号内的汉语提示补全句子
①You can put the books in the （指定的地方）， so others can have free access to them.
②In the （受损的房子）， the firefighters saved a lot of injured people.
③Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a （满意的微笑） at last.
④They’re having a meeting to discuss the serious problem （每人熟知的）.
⑤To solve the problem， we should meet the demands （顾客提出的）.
⑥The players （选自全国的） are expected to bring us honour in this coming Olympic Games.
三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别
类别 形式 意义
动词-ing形式作定语 doing 表示主动动作正在进行；表示经常性的动作或现在（当时）的状态
being done 表示被动动作正在进行
过去分词作定语 done 表示被动、完成或者被动动作已经完成
动词不定式作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生
to be done 表示被动动作将要发生
The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.（表示动作正在进行）
The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.（表示动作已完成）
The problem to be discussed at the meeting is important.（表示被动动作将要发生）
名师点津
表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed（失望的），frightened（害怕的），puzzled（困惑的），shocked（震惊的）等。
【即时演练2】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Ian has a brother （work） in a bank in London and a sister （study） economics at university in Manchester.
②The matter （discuss） at the meeting yesterday was of great significance.
③The problem （talk） about now has something to do with our work.
④The airport （complete） next year will help promote tourism in this area.
⑤The scientific advances （mention） in your article are interesting.
take up 开始从事/担当；拿起；接受；继续；占用（时间）；占据（空间）；对……产生兴趣
【教材原句】 Since 1953， UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world， including those living with diseases or disabilities， and those affected by rapid modernisation and environmental problems.
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会开始了一项长期任务来帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。
【用法】
take away 拿走；消除（感情、痛苦等） take in 领会，理解；收留；欺骗；吸收 take off 休假；脱去（衣服）；起飞；突然大受欢迎 take on 雇用；呈现 take over 接管
【佳句】 Roger took painting up for a while， but soon lost interest.
罗杰有段时间喜欢上了绘画，但很快就又没了兴趣。
【练透】 语境辨义
①The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week.
②The headteacher takes up her duties in August.
③I’ll try not to take up much of your time.
【写美】 补全句子
④There is still two hours before our plane ， so take your time.
离我们的飞机起飞还有两个小时，因此不用着急。
sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
【教材原句】 He’s sensitive and rather serious， which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.他很敏感，也很严肃，有时会显得有点书呆子气。
【用法】
（1）be sensitive to 对……过敏/体贴 be sensitive about 对……敏感的（感情上）/容易生气的 （2）sense n. 感官；感觉；意识；意义 vt. 感觉到；觉察到 make sense 讲得通；有意义；合乎情理 make sense of 弄明白，理解 There is no sense （in） doing sth 做某事没有意义 （3）sensible adj. 明智的；合理的；察觉到的
【佳句】 The headteacher must be sensitive to a child’s needs.
班主任必须对孩子的需求体察入微。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He was very sensitive his scar and thought everyone was staring at him.
②There is no sense in （complain）.We should take action now.
③There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense them at all.
【写美】 补全句子
④Participating in activities of “Showing Loving Hearts for the Disabled” made me .
参加“爱心助残”活动，让我更能理解他们的现状。
generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
【教材原句】 She’s usually very shy， but she’s generous and never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，而且总是毫不犹豫地帮助别人。
【用法】
（1）be generous to sb 对某人慷慨 be generous with sth 在某方面大方 It’s generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事很慷慨 （2）generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
【佳句】 Although he was not rich at that time，he was quite generous to his relatives and friends.
他那时虽然不富裕，但对他的亲朋好友很慷慨。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Teachers in our school are generous their time， often staying after class to help students.
②The young man is always so helpful that he treats others with （generous）.
【写美】 补全句子
③ us a helping hand when we are in trouble.
你真慷慨，在我们有困难的时候伸出了援助之手。
hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫
【教材原句】 She’s usually very shy， but she’s generous and never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，而且总是毫不犹豫地帮助别人。
【用法】
（1）hesitate about/over （doing） ... 对（做）……感到犹豫 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事，不愿做某事 （2）hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 （3）hesitant adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的
【佳句】 I hesitated for a moment， wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment.
我犹豫了一会儿，揣摩如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Without （hesitate），she leapt into the water and saved the drowning child.
②People often hesitate trying new things.
③I have no hesitation in （recommend） Ms Li for the job.
【写美】 补全句子
④If you have any questions related to our course to ask， don’t me.
如果你有任何与我们的课程有关的问题要问，尽管联系我。 （告知信）
assistance n.帮助，援助
【教材原句】 In China， volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection， disability assistance and many other fields.
在中国，志愿者们在环境保护、残疾人救助和很多其他领域也起着越来越重要的作用。
【用法】
（1）with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下 come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人 offer/provide assistance 提供帮助 technical assistance 技术援助 （2）assist v. 帮助，协助，援助 assist sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人 assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 （3）assistant n. 助手，助理 adj. 有帮助的
【佳句】 With the assistance of their father， the twins managed to make tasty breakfast.
在父亲的帮助下，这对双胞胎设法做了美味的早餐。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical （assist）.
②When in Grade 1， I was elected as （assist） to my English teacher.
【写美】 一句多译
③我乐意在业余时间帮助你学习普通话。
→I am willing to your Mandarin in my spare time.
→I am willing to Mandarin in my spare time.
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ
6 / 6单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. adj. 内部的
2. v. 为……提供资金，资助
3. v. 再利用，回收利用
4. n. 基金会
5. n. 顿悟，猛醒
6. v. 持续；延伸
7. n. 职责；使命
8. n. 疾病，病
9. n. 地区，地方
10. adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
11. adj. 慷慨的，大方的
12. adj. 王室的，皇家的
13. n. 机构，团体
14. v. 帮助，援助
15. adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的
Ⅰ.选用左栏单词并用其适当形式填空
1. by heat and strong winds， the fire spread quickly.
2.The girl is very to what others think of her and easily annoyed by their comments.
3.The library is functioning as a hospital in order to to cope with people injured in the earthquake.
4.Normally， students will be given a on completion of the course.
5.In order to prevent damage， we must take immediate action to fix the broken pipe.
6.It is well known that Chinese medicine is quite effective in fighting many ， like cancer.
16. n. 军队
17. v. 获得，得到
18. n. 证明书，证书
19. adj. 更多的，附加的
7.Jack was a Air Force fighter pilot during the Second World War.
8.The educational was founded by a scholar seven years ago.
二、拓展单词
1. n.贡献→contribute v.贡献
2. n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻，缓解
3. n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.缺少的
4. adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n.效果
5. v.挣（钱）→earnings n.收入
6. v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐赠，捐献
7. n.真实，现实→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地
8. n.残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的
9. v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.迟疑，犹豫
10. n.帮助，援助→assist v.帮助，援助
11. n.登记，注册→register v.登记，注册
12. n.证实，证明→confirm v.证实，证明
13. n.成绩，成就→achieve v.实现
14. adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地
15. adj.重要的，主要的→majority n.大多数
16. n.治疗；疗法→treat v.治疗；对待
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The worsening situation pressed them to take more （effect） measures.
2.The invention of paper was a great （contribute） to human civilization.
3.①A man rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without （hesitate）.
②A few students （hesitate） to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.
4.①Tiangong Ⅱ’s launch was an important historical （achieve） for China， even for the whole world.
②He worked hard and （achieve） success.
5.①To my （relieve）， the new medicine bought from Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured leg.
②Being able to tell the truth at last seemed （relieve） her.
6.①Her childhood dream became a （real） when she broke the 800-meter race world record in the last Olympic Games.
②Some evidence proves that water （real） exists on Mars， but there is still no sign of life.
7.①One-third of the country is covered with trees and the （major） of the citizens are black people.
②In college， he （major） in history and minored in French.
8.①Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a （disable）.
②The organization is working to protect the rights of （disable） veterans.
三、重点短语
1. 创立；建立
2. 下决心做
3. 有影响； 起（重要）作用
4. 从……中获益
5. 犹豫做某事
6. 提出；想出
7. 在……中起重要的作用
8. 从……逃脱
9. 处于危险中
10. 记录
11. 担任
12. 收留某人
13. 在某一时刻
14. 站起身来
15. 去世
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.It’s time to start thinking outside the box.In other words， it’s time to creative ways to save the coral reefs.
2.If everyone makes an effort to protect our environment， we will surely .
3.For all these years， I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll my own business some day.
4.Now only a few people are willing to donate their organs after they .
5.To control your spending， you’d better your expenses.
6. I thought she was going to refuse， but in the end she agreed.
7.If the learners of online learning can’t control themselves well， they will not online learning.
四、经典句式
1.that引导同位语从句
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher （在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水）.
2.“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句
After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， （有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井）.
3.not ...but ...连接两个并列成分
Now， as an adult， Ryan says that the question to ask is （不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”）.
4.on/upon＋名词/doing 表示“一……就……”
（一从学校毕业）， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
Ⅳ.补全句子
1.Word came .
消息传来，运动会将要被推迟。
2.Yesterday I lost the ticket to the show， .
昨天，我把演出的门票丢了，没有门票我不能进入戏院。
3. is to blame for the accident.
不是你而是他应对这次事故负责。
4. ， she was astonished to find it filled with colourful balloons and twinkling lights.
一进入房间，她就惊讶地发现房间里充满了五颜六色的气球和闪烁的灯光。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1.Helping others is a virtue.
助人为乐是一种美德。
2.Do not do evil things however trivial they are， and do not give up good things however trivial they are.
勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。
3.Ten men banding together in love can do what ten thousand separate men would fail in.
以爱心聚在一起的十个人能够完成一万个分散的人做不到的事情。
4.Love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.
爱是一盏灯，在愈暗处愈亮。
5.If we each offer a piece of love， the world will become more beautiful.
如果每人献上一片爱心，世界将会变得更美好。
6.There is no conflict between “helping others” and “being happy”.
“助人”和“为乐”本来就是不冲突的。
7.As long as there’s ability to help others， you have no right to stand by.
你只要还有能力帮助别人，就没有权利袖手旁观。
8.Helping others to solve the difficulties and the pain is life’s greatest happiness and joy.
帮助别人解决困难和痛苦是人生最大的幸福和快乐。
9.Dedicate love to others， not to let others make a return， but to make yourself and others happy.
把爱心献给别人，不是让别人作出回报，而是使自己和别人快乐。
10.The greatest happiness of life is to help others.
人生最大的快乐就是帮助他人。
11.Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
凡是值得做的事，就值得做好。
12.The real meaning of life is to contribute.
人生的真正意义在于贡献。
5 / 5学习讲义部分
UNIT 1 Knowing me， knowing you
单元话题导入
1.It is less important than face-to-face relationships.
2.She used to have difficulty facing each new day.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.teammate 2.performance 3.embarrassed 4.ashamed 5.the point guard 6.think 7.speak
第二步
1－6 DACCAC
第三步
1.（1）I’m crazy about basketball， and pretty good at it too， which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.
（2）We played well，but I felt the team were let down by one member， our point guard.
（3）Disappointed by his behaviour， I said all this to my best friend.
（4）I was just letting off steam really， because I was so angry， but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said.
（5）Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything.
2.（1）Treated this way， you’re sure to feel hurt — we should always be able to trust those closest to us， and it hurts even more when we find we can’t.
（2）It is understandable in that situation， but we should always think before we speak.
3.（1）There is an old American saying， “Loose lips sink ships.”
（2）The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s.
（3）You admit that you were “letting off steam”.
第四步
1.If one speaks carelessly about private or sensitive information， someone could hear and use it to damage or ruin something important.
2.Yes.I was once very angry with my deskmate for breaking my favourite cup by accident.I complained to my friend about it.Unfortunately， my friend told others my complaint， which made me very embarrassed.I realise that I shouldn’t say too much when I am angry.
第五步
1.原因状语 宾语
我其实只是想发泄一下怒气，因为我太生气了，可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
2.条件状语 宾语
如果你们以后篮球比赛还想赢球（我肯定你们一定想赢！），你们就必须团结合作，这就意味着你们彼此之间必须沟通清楚，解决矛盾。
3.原因状语 宾语
满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①up ②a ③messy ④in a mess
2.①wondering ②out ③can’t help but face failure
④is of great help； is very helpful
3.①of ②alone ③out ④let you down
4.①faulty ②at ③for ④find fault with
5.①took a deep breath ②held their breath
③took my breath away ④out of breath/breathless
6.①about/for ②concerns ③concerned
④As/So far as I’m concerned
重点句型解构
1.①Eager to improve ②Surprised and happy
2.①……之后才…… ②还没来得及……就……
③It will be half a year before ④It wasn’t long before
⑤It was a long time before ⑥won’t go home before
⑦before you make a decision
3.①Whoever climbs to the top of the hill first
②Whatever you do； No matter what you do
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.原因 条件 时间 让步 方式
2.被动 已经完成 单独 连词
3.保持一致 独立主格结构
即时演练1
①原因状语 ②条件状语 ③方式状语 ④时间状语
即时演练2
①Although defeated again ②when accompanied by their parents ③Concerned about his son’s safety
④The signal given
即时演练3
①Hesitating ②Inspired ③revealing
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①annoying ②to learn ③with ④To his annoyance
2.①adjustment ②living ③adjust yourself to the life
3.①by； on ②accidentally ③by mistake
4.①interrupting ②forgiveness ③forgive and forget
5.①embarrassed ②embarrassing ③embarrassment
④To her embarrassment
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.feel better 2.ourselves 3.encouragement 4.frank
5.different 6.bad news
第二步
1－6 ADCBCC
第三步
Written more than two hundred years ago， these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry：
Oh， what a tangled web we weave，
When first we practise to deceive！
第四步
1.It depends on what thing we will tell.If it brings some bad results， I think we’d better tell the truth.
2.A white lie refers to a lie that is told in order to be polite or to stop someone from being upset by the truth or to encourage someone.
3.For example， whenever my mother cooks meat， she often says that she doesn’t like eating meat.In fact， she says so to save the meat and allow us to eat more.
第五步
1.宾语 宾语
我们都知道诚实是一项重要品质，也知道说谎是不对的。但是谁又能诚实地说自己从来没有说过谎呢？
2.时间状语 宾语 定语 meal
但是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型很好看，或者说不合我们口味的菜很好吃时，我们真的是在为别人着想吗？
3.省略了关系代词that/which的定语 时间状语
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①with ②Frankly
③Honestly speaking； To tell the truth
2.①in ②down ③tore ④was moved to tears
3.①tears； apart ②falling apart ③set； apart ④take； apart
⑤Apart from/Besides/In addition to the reasons above
重点句型解构
1.①so that we got good seats ②in order that/so that he can pass the exam； in order to/so as to pass the exam； In order to pass the exam
2.①The first time I met Jane ②Every time I was in trouble
③last time I called on him ④the moment/instant/minute
Section Ⅳ Writing an essay
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.
2.A farmer saved a frozen snake.
3.The snake killed him at last.
4.Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.
5.Some old people were not grateful to the people who helped them.
6.They deceived the people who helped them， hurt them and got a lot of money.
7.It made the public very annoyed.
8.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
9.Frankly speaking，it is very important to extend our helping hands.
10.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
三、1.A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
2.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them， some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.
四、
I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.The fable goes like this：A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them，some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
Frankly speaking， it is very important to extend our helping hands.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Tom walked out of the store quickly，happy and concerned.
2.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.
3.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.
4.He took a deep breath， walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.”
5.To his shock，the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.
6.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom，tears of joy rolling down.
二、
Tom walked out of the store quickly， happy and concerned.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.He took a deep breath，walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.” To his shock， the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom， tears of joy rolling down.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.steam 2.sink 3.fault 4.strategy 5.signal
6.duty 7.accident 8.forgive 9.boxing 10.justify 11.tear 12.moreover 13.apart 14.fence
Ⅰ.1.tears 2.sank 3.apart 4.forgave 5.accident
6.fault 7.duty
二、1.loose 2.resolve 3.breath 4.concern 5.annoyed 6.adjust 7.ensure 8.complexity 9.criticise
10.embarrassment 11.frank 12.independent
Ⅱ.1.frankly 2.ensure 3.①independent ②independence
4.①embarrassment ②embarrassed
5.①annoyed ②annoying
三、1.help out 2.let down 3.let off steam
4.be angry with 5.be sure to 6.apologise to
7.communicate with 8.pull one’s weight 9.white lies
10.tell a lie 11.protect ...from ... 12.tell the truth 13.to what extent 14.even if/though 15.hide sth from sb 16.take a breath
Ⅲ.1.let down 2.apologised to 3.help out
4.communicate with 5.white lies 6.even if/though
7.let off steam
四、1.Embarrassed and ashamed
2.whatever comes to your mind
3.so that they can improve
4.every time you visit
Ⅳ.1.Tired and thirsty
2.whatever problems arise
3.so that everyone can hear you
4.Every time I saw Miss Ma in the office
UNIT 2 Making a difference
单元话题导入
1.The former owners forgot the existence of the coins.
2.To inspire people in trouble.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.experience 2.raised 3.finished 4.are attracted
5.have benefited from 6.courage
第二步
1－6 BBCCAD
第三步
1.（1）They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
（2）He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
（3）At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.
（4）He broke into a joyful smile.
2.（1）Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn’t give up.
（2）He was determined to help other children have clean water.
（3）This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
3.（1）Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？”
（2）Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children.What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
（3）Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.
第四步
1.I can offer food and hot water to the homeless people， and I can also donate my pocket money to help the children in poor areas.
2.I will turn to some adults around for help instead of helping them by myself because that can make me in the same trouble.
第五步
1.后置定 同位语 words
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
2.时间状语 宾语 it to build a well
瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2，000美元。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①building ②contributions ③to ④contribute to
2.①Relieved ②with ③of
④It was a relief to； To my relief
3.①of ②shortage ③for ④In short
4.①effective ②into ③In ④have a great effect on
5.①a ②earned him a good reputation/earned a good reputation for him
6.①donor ②donation ③donated a million dollars to
7.①up ②down ③from ④broke into a smile
重点句型解构
1.①that his health is failing
②that I should stop complaining
③that we will finish the work in such a short time
④that Zhang Wei will keep his promise
2.①with which I wrote down his phone number ②in which my elder brother once studied ③on which ④for which
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.单个 前面 过去分词短语 后面
2.②⑥ ③④ ① ⑤
即时演练1
①appointed place ②damaged house ③satisfied smile ④known to everybody ⑤made by the customers
⑥selected from the whole country
即时演练2
①working； studying ②discussed ③being talked
④to be completed ⑤mentioned
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①继续 ②开始担当 ③占用（时间） ④takes off
2.①about ②complaining ③of
④much more sensitive to their present situation
3.①with ②generosity ③It’s generous of you to lend
4.①hesitation ②about/over ③recommending
④hesitate to contact
5.①assistance ②assistant
③assist you with； assist you to learn/in learning
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.London 2.business 3.safety in Britain 4.military
5.a forgotten journal 6.passed away
第二步
1－5 DCBCA
第三步
（1）It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague’s Wilson Station.
（2）Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again.
（3）A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
第四步
1.Because their country was being invaded by Nazi forces and they were in danger of losing their lives.
2.No， I only did what I thought should be done.
第五步
1.独立主格 定语
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2.后置定 定语
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3.非限制性定语 正如……
这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①to ②in ③aid him in continuing； aid him to continue
2.①to ②on ③rose to our feet
3.①in ②achievement ③achieve his goal
④achieving success
4.①in ②are ③a/the ④minorities ⑤the majority of
5.①as ②to ③treated him for
重点句型解构
①seeing ②arrival ③On/Upon finishing his studies； The moment/minute/instant/second he finished his studies； immediately/directly/instantly he finished his studies
Section Ⅳ Writing a biography
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Mo Yan was born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955.
2.Mo Yan’s original name is Guan Moye，and he showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
3.What’s more，not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
4.After he graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
5.With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
6.To all Chinese people’s excitement， in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
三、1.Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
2.Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
四、
Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What’s more， not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986， Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later. With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
To all Chinese people’s excitement，in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”
2.Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.
3.With his assistance， Mac was safe.
4.“Oh，my god，my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.
5.Paul drove the car back quickly.
6.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.
7.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul， “Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.”
8.Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
二、
Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！” Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.With his assistance， Mac was safe.“Oh， my god， my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.Paul drove the car back quickly.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul，“Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.” Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.internal 2.fund 3.recycle 4.foundation 5.insight
6.extend 7.mission 8.disease 9.territory
10.sensitive 11.generous 12.royal 13.institution
14.aid 15.temporary 16.military 17.obtain
18.certificate 19.further
Ⅰ.1.Aided 2.sensitive 3.temporary 4.certificate
5.further 6.diseases 7.Royal 8.institution
二、1.contribution 2.relief 3.shortage 4.effective
5.earn 6.donate 7.reality 8.disability 9.hesitate
10.assistance 11.registration 12.confirmation
13.achievement 14.chief 15.major 16.treatment
Ⅱ.1.effective 2.contribution 3.①hesitation ②hesitated
4.①achievement ②achieved 5.①relief ②to relieve
6.①reality ②really 7.①majority ②majored
8.①disability ②disabled
三、1.set up 2.be determined to do 3.make a difference 4.benefit from ... 5.hesitate to do sth 6.come up with
7.play an important role in ... 8.escape from ...
9.in danger 10.keep records of 11.serve as 12.take sb in
13.at one point 14.rise to one’s feet 15.pass away
Ⅲ.1.come up with 2.make a difference 3.set up
4.pass away 5.keep records of 6.At one point
7.benefit from
四、1.that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water
2.with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda
3.not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”
4.On leaving school
Ⅳ.1.that the sports meeting would be postponed
2.without which I couldn’t enter the theatre
3.Not you but he
4.On/Upon entering the room
UNIT 3 The world of science
单元话题导入
1.The two basic kinds of public Wi-Fi networks.
2.①Avoid shopping online.
②Keep personal information hidden well.
③Stop someone from looking at our devices.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.title 2.past 3.gunpowder 4.the compass
5.the telephone 6.tech-based 7.walking house
8.inventors 9.solution 10.create
第二步
1－5 BACBB
第三步
1.（1）New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
（2）In terms of the environment， it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
（3）It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
（4）What’s more， huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly， too.
2.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
3.（1）For example， advances in virtual reality and wearable tech， as well as the flexible battery， mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
（2）But， as they say， “Never say never！”
第四步
1.Yes， I do.Thanks to computer power， important advances have been made.
2.As a senior high school student， I should make full use of time to learn knowledge.
第五步
1.宾语 宾语
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
2.非限制性定语
古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①pressure ②to reveal ③put too much pressure on me
2.①capability ②of ③Capable of speaking/With a capability to speak fluent English
3.①（should） call ②to have ③to tell
④have a strong desire to learn Chinese well
重点句型解构
1.①found the young man （to be） very capable ②found her pet cat lying ③find it impossible to build
2.①with a book under his arm
②With a guide showing us around ③with the door closed
④With more and more forests damaged
3.①What was it that ②Was it because Jack came late for school that ③It is your sense of responsibility that
④It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在完成时的被动语态
2.肯定 否定 一般疑问 特殊疑问
即时演练1
①has been brought about ②have been sent into space ③have been introduced ④Have the children been told ⑤have been produced
即时演练2
①have been changed ②has been completed
③have been damaged ④has been translated
即时演练3
①Many big trees along the stream have been cut down by people to build houses. ②Large quantities of funds have been spent by them in bringing up the three children.
③My new schoolbag hasn’t been found by me up till now.
④Has a/any comment been made about the online database？
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①beyond our control ②beyond description/expression ③has changed beyond recognition
2.①in ②instances ③There are a number of improvements， for instance， the mouse buttons.
3.①of ②to ③attach great significance to
4.①for ②of ③cured myself of some shortcomings
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.fiction 2.electricity 3.kite 4.metal 5.lightning
6.has 7.entirely 8.inspired 9.spirit 10.facts
第二步
1－5 ADAAD
第三步
More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
第四步
1.Persistence， devotion and interest.
2.Firstly， scientific discoveries promote the development of our society.Secondly， the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our lifespan.Thirdly， scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
第五步
1.让步状语 形式主语 真正的主语 宾语
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。
2.that 定语 everything 让步状语
但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①against ②on ③was declared open
2.①attachment ②to ③with a card attached to
3.①is ②are ③along with my parents am taking a flight to
4.①on ②for ③into ④On no account should you leave
重点句型解构
1.①Neither my classmates nor I was punished
②neither too hot nor too cold ③neither/nor will he
2.①would be
②rained/should rain/were to rain； would have to put off
③hadn’t been； would have failed ④were able to see
3.①while his brother is generous
②While/Although/Though David was tripped over within a few kilometers ③While taking exercise
Section Ⅳ Writing an experiment report
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Today we carried out an experiment.Its aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment： pieces of aluminium，a Bunsen burner，a balance，a crucible and a pair of tongs.
3.The stages were as follows.
4.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.
5.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.
6.After that， we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.
7.Finally， we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.
8.We found it weighed a little more than before.
9.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion：There is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
三、1.Today we carried out an experiment，whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
四、
Today we carried out an experiment， whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment：pieces of aluminium， a Bunsen burner， a balance， a crucible and a pair of tongs.
The stages were as follows.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.Next，we lighted the Bunsen burner.After that，we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.Finally，we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.We found it weighed a little more than before.
After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest，Tim，a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.
2.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.
3.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.
4.He tripped and injured his leg.
5.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.
6.At that moment， he was excited beyond description.
7.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
二、
Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest， Tim， a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.He tripped and injured his leg.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.At that moment，he was excited beyond description.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.shoot 2.desire 3.beyond 4.instance 5.significant
6.injure 7.origin 8.theory 9.mental 10.cure
11.conduct 12.account 13.procedure
Ⅰ.1.desire 2.beyond 3.instances 4.significant
5.theories 6.origin 7.procedures 8.conducts
二、1.press 2.flexible 3.capable 4.declaration 5.attach
6.scientific 7.entirely 8.proof
Ⅱ.1.entirely 2.pressure 3.flexibly 4.scientific
5.declaration
三、1.as well as 2.in addition 3.in terms of 4.start with
5.lead to 6.virtual reality 7.wearable tech
8.be used to do sth 9.never say never 10.apart from
11.be named after 12.be attached to 13.along with 14.take place 15.die from e up with
Ⅲ.1.came up with 2.take place 3.Apart from
4.start with 5.lead to 6.In terms of 7.In addition
四、1.find ourselves in the great new age of technology
2.with computing technology controlling its “legs”
3.what is it that
4.neither the story nor the details of the experiment
Ⅳ.1.find one of his fingers injured
2.With the young man leading the way
3.Who was it that
4.Neither his family nor he has been there
UNIT 4 Amazing art
单元话题导入
1.Have a good idea of the painting.
2.The nature or character of a subject.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.largest 2.huge sculpture 3.missing 4.skill 5.smaller
6.mind 7.selfie 8.cheaper 9.fantastic
第二步
1－5 ABCDA
第三步
1.（1）I can’t even begin to tell you how amazing this is！
（2）It’s the one and only Mona Lisa！
（3）Throughout his life， he made over 90 self-portraits！
2.（1）It looks like she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship.（metaphor）
（2）...it would take a lifetime to see everything！ （hyperbole）
（3）They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.（personification）
3.By the way， if you have enjoyed this live broadcast， subscribe to find out where I’m visiting next！
第四步
1.I like Western art very much.Because these works of art can not only give us the chance to appreciate the beauty， skill and great power in them， but also inspire us to learn the cultural backgrounds and thoughts expressed by the painters.
2.It seems to me that art plays a very important role in our daily lives.For one thing， it makes our lives more colourful and interesting.For another， it spreads some positive information and values to us.
第五步
1.宾 主 伴随状
虽然头部和手臂已经遗失了，但你们仍然可以想象她正高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战役的胜利。
2.宾语 目的状语
今天我们就先到这里，希望有一天你们都能来参观这个美妙之地，亲身感受这些伟大艺术作品的魅力。
3.条件状语 目的状语 宾语
哦对了，如果你们喜欢这场直播，请点击“订阅”，关注我下一站的目的地吧！
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①greetings ②in ③greeted me with
2.①of ②Loaded ③a ④with
⑤took a load off my mind
3.①up ②unfold ③her hands folded
4.①across ②out ③about ④came up
5.①on ②will be exhibiting ③exhibition
④a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held
重点句型解构
1.That’s because he got caught in the traffic；
That’s why he was absent from the meeting；
why he was absent from the meeting the day before yesterday was that he got caught in the traffic
2.①did win first prize ②but I did （study hard）
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在进行时的被动语态 be being done
2.肯定 否定 一般疑问 特殊疑问
即时演练1
①is being built ②isn’t being built
③Is a modern school being built
④Where is a modern school being built at present
即时演练2
①is being repaired； is under repair
②are being constructed； are under construction
③is still being considered； is still under consideration
【知识要点·须拾遗】
①for ②for/through ③lacking in confidence
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.most significant 2.born 3.Wang Wei 4.serve
5.observed 6.gallop off 7.real horses
第二步
1－6 DBBBCC
第三步
Even after more than a thousand years have passed， we can still feel the power within its burning eyes， bared teeth and kicking hooves.
第四步
1.Both his talent and his hard work are the key to his success in the field of painting.
2.Xu Beihong， a Chinese painter， was good at painting horses.His work Eight Fine Horses has won great reputation at home and abroad.
第五步
1.过去分词短语 后置定语
《照夜白图》，现收藏于纽约大都会艺术博物馆，被认为是中国艺术史上最为重要的骏马图之一。
2.独立主格 定语 every detail
韩干日复一日地练习画马，用画笔把眼睛观察到的每一处细节都呈现了出来。
3.定语 Those 伴随状语 宾语
看过韩干的骏马图的人都对他独特的技艺赞赏有加，称他的马“跃然纸上”。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①sponsored ②to complete
③find some more sponsors for my bike ride
2.①for ②for ③am very fond of； am very keen on
3.①for ②in ③sing high praises for/think highly of/think well of/speak highly of/have a high opinion of
4.①in ②from/against ③put all the others in the shade
重点句型解构
1.①unless handled properly ②when necessary
2.①The higher； the thinner ②the wiser he will become ③the more I enjoy living in China
Section Ⅳ Writing about an artwork
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
2.Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting， so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.
3.The painting Racing Horse not only shows six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
4.I think it’s delightful.Perhaps that’s because I really like the painting of animals.
5.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse，which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
三、1.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us，which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
2.Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.
四、
Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting，so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive，but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse， which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.
2.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.
3.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.
4.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.
5.Tony greeted them with a broad smile， standing up straight with his arms folded.
6.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
二、
Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.Tony greeted them with a broad smile，standing up straight with his arms folded.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.greet 2.broadcast 3.stair 4.battle
5.neighbourhood 6.calligraphy 7.demonstrate
8.needle 9.carve 10.contemporary 11.cigarette
12.lack 13.wine 14.fond
Ⅰ.1.greet 2.contemporary 3.lack 4.fond
5.neighbourhood 6.demonstrated
二、1.load 2.fold 3.exhibition 4.vividly 5.elegant
6.magnificent 7.dirt 8.sponsor 9.frequent 10.mostly
Ⅱ.1.vividly 2.unfolded 3.①elegant ②elegance
4.①frequently ②frequency 5.exhibition
三、1.get a load of ... 2.hold up 3.have a mind of one’s own
4.sense of sadness 5.subscribe to 6.manage to do sth 7.be known for 8.be regarded as 9.by accident
10.due to 11.be fond of ... 12.sing high praises for
Ⅲ.1.sense of sadness 2.subscribed to 3.sang high praises for
4.hold up 5.by accident 6.is fond of
四、1.that’s why she attracts so many visitors every day
2.do reach out to us
3.While waiting at the gate
4.The more time he spent observing these animals
Ⅳ.1.That is why English has so many rules
2.did tell you the news
3.While travelling abroad
4.the more confident； the more likely
UNIT 5 What an adventure！
单元话题导入
1.The introduction to China’s satellite launch centres.
2.It values international cooperation in space exploration.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.crowds 2.appeals to 3.enjoy life 4.brings into focus 5.human nature 6.Type T 7.be connected 8.up to you
第二步
1－6 CDBACB
第三步
1.（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2.（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3.（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步
1.Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2.I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature.
第五步
1.定语 插入语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
2.主语 结果状语
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
3.补足语 宾语 时间状语
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①of ②with ③crowding into
2.①on/upon ②was brought ③focus on/upon
3.①down ②around ③It turns out that
4.①in ②on ③figure out
5.①to say ②to solve ③at the first attempt
6.①result in ②resulted from ③As a result ④as a result of
7.①failure ②to go ③Words failed their mother
8.①支持 ②容忍，忍受 ③stands out
重点句型解构
①only to find ②making it the most popular one
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
过去将来时 would do was going to do 过去进行时
即时演练
①would be ②to go ③was starting ④would buy； got
⑤to be built
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①that ②unaware ③of
④to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans
2.①guidance ②through ③Guided by a local guide
3.①injured ②injury ③gave first aid to the injured
4.①out ②at full stretch
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.weight 2.a nut 3.another air 4.wrinkled 5.solar rays
6.vibration 7.in broad daylight
第二步
1－5 CABDA
第三步
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步
1.I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard conditions.
2.Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views underwater.
第五步
1.省略 they were 宾语
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
2.非限制性定语
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
3.非限制性定语 限制性定语 vibration
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
4.时间状语 宾语 方式状语
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①the ②of ③taken charge of； was charged with； in charge of
2.①of ②ahead ③ahead of time/schedule
3.①permitting ②playing ③permission ④permit me to bring
4.①to ②relation ③to ④relates to the situation
5.①Astonished ②to learn ③astonishing
④It astonished me that
6.①herself ②from ③is distinguished as
7.①surroundings ②with ③was surrounded by
重点句型解构
1.①Breakfast over ②All the e-mails answered；
With all the e-mails answered
2.①came the beautiful song ②sat an old man
③Such is our lively city ④Lucky is she
3.①had done something very clever ②it happened yesterday
③as if he was criticised by the teacher；
as if criticised by the teacher
Section Ⅳ Writing about a diving experience
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.It was a day of pure magic.
2.I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
3.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.
4.What impressed me most was the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer.
5.All kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.
6.However，some creatures such as sharks were very dangerous， so I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
7.From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
三、1.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.
2.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
四、
16 June Sunday
It was a day of pure magic. I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Fascinated by the beautiful street lights，Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.
2.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.
3.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.
4.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.
5.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.
6.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.
7.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.
8.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
二、
Fascinated by the beautiful street lights， Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.initial 2.confirm 3.crowd 4.attempt 5.unaware
6.guideline 7.liquid 8.servant 9.charge 10.ahead
11.chapter 12.resident
Ⅰ.1.initial 2.crowd 3.chapter 4.charge 5.unaware
二、1.failure 2.injury 3.permit 4.relate 5.astonish
6.surround 7.consume 8.depth 9.broad
Ⅱ.1.injury 2.relation 3.permission 4.astonished 5.failure
三、1.focus on 2.figure out 3.refer to ...as ... 4.stand for
5.in charge 6.in search of 7.look back upon/on
8.leave an impression upon/on 9.account for 10.in broad daylight 11.succeed in doing sth 12.bring ... into focus
Ⅲ.1.in search of 2.focused on 3.account for
4.left an impression upon/on 5.in charge 6.figure out
四、1.marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas
2.where they meet the man in charge
3.one of his men following some steps behind
4.was the calm surface of the sea
5.as if I was in broad daylight
Ⅳ.1.causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries
2.where they can gain experience for growth
3.her eyes flooded with/full of tears
4.stands the Great Wall
5.as if he had lived in the UK for many years
UNIT 6 Disaster and hope
单元话题导入
1.The terrible wind.
2.It’s important to protect the environment.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.30 plus 2.air conditioning 3.higher 4.his flat 5.boat
6.the top floor 7.swim 8.natural disasters
第二步
1－5 ACDCD
第三步
1.（1）I suddenly feel a bit scared.
（2）I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
（3）News like this makes me feel nervous.
（4）Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart， I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.
（5）Well， maybe I have been worrying too much.
2.（1）Sure enough， going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.（simile）
（2）I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one！ （hyperbole）
3.Because there’s no air conditioning， the temperature inside the train can reach 35 degrees！
第四步
1.I agree with the author.Because climate in the world is closely related to our living environment.
2.I think climate change will affect my life in the future.I should do what I can to protect environment to slow down climate change.
第五步
1.主语 表语 定语 volcano
果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
2.时间状语 后置定语 宾语 宾语
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
3.原因状语 形式主语 真正的主语 宾语
既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①好转 ②接（人） ③学会 ④接收
⑤helped me pick out the book
2.①约定时间 ②准时到达 ③渡过难关 ④made it
3.①immediate ②immediately ③the moment/instant/second/minute he saw it； on seeing it； as soon as he saw it
4.①getting ②through ③looked up
5.①occurred ②to ③to turn
④It occurred to Mother that； It hit/struck Mother that
6.①announcement ②to ③It was announced that
7.①After all ②first of all ③All in all
重点句型解构
①Up to now/Until now； have been held
②Now that the Internet is becoming increasingly popular
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.简单句中 line
2.并列句中 it is
3.状语从句 you are
4.定语从句 who/whom/that
5.动词不定式 to forecast the weather
6.宾语从句 that
7.感叹句 it is
即时演练1
①You ②It ③them/the dishes ④Is there
即时演练2
①others后的study ②but后的he
③he didn’t come to school
即时演练3
①walking ②donated ③If so ④in Guangzhou
即时演练4
①which ②that
③why后的she didn’t go to school yesterday
即时演练5
①② ③④
即时演练6
①I’m afraid not ②I think so
即时演练7
①at ②on ③in
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①cheating ②to offer/offering ③reliable
④rely on it that
2.①to ②from ③Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins and were in crisis.
3.①to help ②to have seen ③It is claimed that
4.①threatening ②under ③threatened to call the police
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.flew off 2.nowhere 3.helicopter 4.bad 5.good side 6.looking up at 7.hope 8.faraway 9.come back 10.reminders
第二步
1－6 BCCADD
第三步
（1）I was so frightened that I just froze.
（2）At first， I was pleased we could stay at home， but soon it got really tough.
（3）We were so happy to take him with us， although then， none of us knew that we wouldn’t be back for quite a while.
第四步
We can do what we can and try to call on people to donate money or things to help the local people in need.
第五步
1.宾语 让步状语
不过妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事情好的一面。
2.让步状语 宾语
我们都很高兴能带上它，不过那时我们都没料到这一去就很久都回不来。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①除此以外 ②亦 ③or otherwise
2.①from ②under ③from ④shelter from the rain
重点句型解构
①had just covered three miles when ②was about to give up when； was on the point of giving up when
Section Ⅳ Writing safety guidelines
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.
2.The following tips may be helpful to you.
3.You should keep calm.
4.You can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
5.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.
6.While you are getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
7.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.
8.When you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.
9.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
10.Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
三、1.You should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
2.While getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
四、
Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.The following tips may be helpful to you.
Firstly， you should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.Secondly， cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.Thirdly， while getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.Last but not least， when you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.
2.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.
3.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.
4.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.”
5.When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
二、
With a heavy heart， Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely， Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.disaster 2.plus 3.forecast 4.grab 5.rescue
6.claim 7.crisis 8.satellite 9.otherwise 10.property
11.shelter
Ⅰ.1.disasters 2.rescued 3.claimed 4.Otherwise 5.shelter
二、1.erupt 2.immediately 3.announcement
4.emergency 5.precisely 6.threat 7.sufficient
Ⅱ.1.eruption 2.announcement 3.emergencies
4.immediately 5.sufficiency
三、1.pick up 2.turn into 3.make it 4.look through
5.after all 6.up and down 7.result in/lead to 8.fly off
9.all of a sudden 10.keep on （doing sth） 11.have yet to
Ⅲ.1.All of a sudden 2.looked through 3.After all
4.picked up 5.up and down 6.kept on
四、1.It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines
2.Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth
3.I was sitting in my room； when
4.the moment the storm hit
5.whatever happens
6.to look up at the stars of New Orleans
Ⅳ.1.It is natural that
2.Now that you badly want to lose weight
3.was reviewing my history notes when
4.the moment she heard the news
5.Whatever you meet with in the future
6.to reach her target weight
1 / 3UNIT 2 Making a difference
Munford夫妇在住进新买的房子后，意外发现了被原主人遗忘的价值15，000美元的金币和银币。得知他们有权利使用这笔钱之后，Munford夫妇是怎样抉择的呢？
When a couple living in South Carolina recently sold what had been their “dream house”， they were sure they had worked out all the details before the sale. Repairs had been made， the paperwork had been all in order， and they had removed their belongings from the home in which they had spent the last 32 years — or so they thought.
A few days after the sale was finished， James and Clarrisa Munford discovered the treasure — 50 gold and silver coins， which the former owners had hidden and forgotten all about. To the Munfords’ great surprise， the coins were worth as much as 15，000 dollars. And according to experts， the coins were legally the Munfords’ property， and they had the right to sell the coins quietly and pocket the profits.
However， the Munfords， who own a restaurant in Columbia， almost immediately chose to get in touch with the original owners of the house and return the coins to them， which had been left inside a built-in drawer in the home. “There is an old saying， ‘You reap what you sow，’” said the original owner， Mr Miller， who was quite surprised. “My wife and I spent a lot of time repairing the house to ensure that we left our home in excellent condition for the Munfords， and our kindness was certainly returned by another！ It wasn’t until the kind couple contacted us that we became aware of the hidden coins.”
Mr Miller said he wanted to share this story to give hope and inspiration to others during their extremely difficult times. “Now it is a good time to pause and think about how we treat each other. If there were more people like the Munfords， the world would be a much better place，” Mr Miller said.
【理解】
1.What can we learn from the second paragraph？
2. Why did Mr Miller want to make the story known to others？
【积累】
1.in order 井然有序
2.legally adv. 按照法律，法律上
3.property n. 财产
4.get in touch with 和……取得联系
5.original adj. 起初的，原先的
6.contact vt. 联系，联络
7.become aware of 意识到，开始觉察到
2 / 2Section Ⅳ Writing a biography
Step 1 品教材范文 Step 2 析写作手法
In 2015， for the first time， a Chinese scientist won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She is Tu Youyou. Born in Ningbo， Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930， Tu Youyou studied at Beijing Medical College （now Peking University Health Science Centre） from 1951 to 1955.Since 1955， she has worked at China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences as a tenured and chief researcher.In 1969， she worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment for malaria.By 1972， she had managed to extract qinghaosu from a Chinese herb， which is very effective in fighting malaria.Fourteen years later， she obtained a New Drug Certificate for qinghaosu， issued by the Ministry of Health of China.Because of her great contribution， she was presented with the Nobel Prize at the age of 85.In 2019， she was also nominated for “The Greatest Person of the 20th Century”. Not only has she saved many people suffering from malaria， but also she has proved the effectiveness of Chinese herbs.Furthermore， she is admired because she devotes most of her time and energy to medical research. 学语言： 1.使用了时间状语for the first time，强调了获得此奖项的重要性。 2.使用了过去分词短语Born in Ningbo ...1930作状语，语言简洁，语义表达明确。 3.用“Since＋过去时间点（主句使用现在完成时）”进一步说明了屠呦呦的奉献精神。 4.使用现在分词短语aiming to ...for malaria作后置定语，明确指出该研究团队的目标。 5.用“By＋过去时间点（主句使用过去完成时）”说明了所取得的成绩，同时用which引导的非限制性定语从句说明了青蒿素的疗效。 6.使用了部分倒装句Not only has she ... from malaria，使句式富有变化，突出屠呦呦所做出的贡献。 学结构： Introduction：name of the person and his/her biggest achievement→Main body：major events （in time order）→Your opinion on his/her contribution
Step 3 背出彩佳句
一、开门见山，介绍人物的一些个人信息
1.Known as a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty， Li Shizhen was born in 1518.
李时珍生于1518年，是明代一位著名的医学家。
2.Having a gift for writing， he made up his mind to become a writer when he grew up.
他有写作的天赋，并决心长大后成为一名作家。
二、个人的成长经历以及取得的成就
1.Li Shizhen wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu， which is a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2，000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters.
李时珍著有《本草纲目》一书，这是一本中草药的集锦，收录了2，000多种中草药，有数百万字。
2.In order to finish the task， he visited mountains， called on ordinary people， tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by himself.
为了完成这项任务，他走访了大山，拜访了普通人，品尝各种药草，甚至亲自做试验。
3.It took him 37 years to finish the task， and his book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
他花了37年才完成这一任务，他的书被认为对中医药的发展作出了巨大贡献。
三、总结概括人物形象
1.Such is Wang Xiaoping， a simple man who has made great achievements in the field of medicine.
这就是王小平，一个在医学领域取得巨大成就的普通人。
2.His story tells us that we should value what we have and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life.
他的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的，尽我们最大的努力克服生活中的任何困难。
3.Madame Curie made great contributions to the development of science， which paved the way for further research.
居里夫人对科学的发展作出了巨大的贡献，为进一步的研究铺平了道路。
根据提示信息，写一篇莫言的人物传记。
姓名：莫言（管谟业）
出生日期：1955年2月17日
出生地：山东高密一个穷苦人家
兴趣爱好：自幼喜欢阅读、书法（calligraphy）
性格特征：开朗、幽默
教育经历：1986年毕业于解放军艺术学院（PLA Academy of Arts）；
1991年毕业于北京师范大学并获文学硕士学位 （Master of Arts）。
主要成就：2011年凭借《蛙》获中国最高文学奖——茅盾文学奖；
2012年获诺贝尔文学奖（Nobel Prize in Literature）。
评价：第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，被誉为对中国文学作出巨大贡献的作家之一。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁 人物传记
确定时态 和人称 一般过去时和一般现在时为主；第三人称为主
布局文 章架构 第一段：引入话题，总体介绍莫言； 第二段：介绍细节，叙述莫言的生平； 第三段：个人感受，莫言的主要成就及对他的评价
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1.1955年2月17日莫言出生于山东高密的一个贫困家庭。
2.莫言原名管谟业，早年对读书和书法产生了浓厚的兴趣。
3.此外，他不仅外向而且有很强的幽默感。
4.1986年从解放军艺术学院毕业后，莫言继续深造，五年后，他从北京师范大学获得了文学硕士学位。
5.他对文学有天赋，在2011年凭借《蛙》一书获得中国最高文学奖——茅盾文学奖。
6.令所有中国人兴奋的是，在2012年他成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，这必将为中国文学的发展作出巨大贡献。
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1.用过去分词短语作状语、whose引导非限制性定语从句改写要点1和2。
2.用动词-ing短语作状语改写要点4。
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
动作描写 earn v.挣（钱） donate v.捐赠，捐献 extend v.持续，延伸 break into a smile突然笑起来 hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.犹豫 assistance n.帮助，援助→assist v.帮助 rise to one’s feet站起身来 obtain v.获得，得到
人物描写 insight n.顿悟，猛醒 disability n.残疾，残障 perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈 generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
情感描写 sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的 relief n.减轻，缓解→relieved adj.放心的，感到宽慰的
一、翻译句子
1.保罗透过窗户喊道：“快上车！”
2.马克毫不犹豫地跳下自行车，坐到汽车后座上。
3. 在他的帮助下，马克安全了。
4. “哦，天哪，我的朋友还在修自行车！”马克喊道。
5. 保罗很快把车开回去了。
6. 幸运的是，几分钟后，他们找到了另外两个骑自行车的人。
7. 马克松了一口气，对保罗说：“没有你的慷慨相助，我将成为狼的晚餐。”
8.听到这些，保罗笑了起来。
二、连句成篇
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ
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