UNIT 3 The world of science
在公共场所使用无线网络可能会泄露我们的个人信息，本文告诉我们应该如何避免这方面的风险。
Public Wi-Fi exists almost everywhere， from coffee shops to the hotels and airports you visit while travelling.Wi-Fi has made our lives easier， but it also carries security risks to the personal information we store on our laptops and smartphones.
There are basically two kinds of public Wi-Fi networks： the secured and unsecured.An unsecured network can be connected to without any type of security feature like a password.And a secured network generally requires users to agree to certain legal terms， register an account， or type in a password before they connect to the network.It may also require a fee to gain access to the network.
Now let’s look at some dos and don’ts when we are using public Wi-Fi.
Do connect to secured public networks if necessary.In the event that you’re unable to connect to a secured network， using an unsecured network is allowable temporarily if the connection requires some sort of registration.
Don’t access personal bank accounts or sensitive personal data on unsecured public networks.Even secured networks can be risky.Use your best judgement if you must access these accounts through public Wi-Fi.
Don’t leave your laptop or smartphone unattended in a public place.Even if you’re working on a secured Wi-Fi network， that won’t stop someone from taking your things or looking at your devices.
Don’t shop online when using public Wi-Fi.Shopping online requires personal information like bank accounts.So shopping isn’t something you are supposed to do on an unsecured Wi-Fi network.
Do turn off automatic connectivity.Most smartphones and laptops have automatic connectivity settings， which allow you to connect from one hotspot to the next easily.This is a convenient feature， but it can also connect your devices to networks you ordinarily would not use.To be on the safe side， keep these settings off， especially when you’re travelling in unfamiliar places.
【理解】
1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
2.What does the author advise us to do when we’re using public Wi-Fi？
①
②
③
【积累】
1.security n. 安全
2.basically adv. 基本上，大
体上
3.register vt. 登记，注册
4.account n. 账户
5.unattended adj. 无人看管的
6.automatic adj. 自动的
2 / 2Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
The New Age of Invention
Interviewer：Good evening， and welcome to Between the Pages.This evening， [1]I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst， whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.Welcome， Richard！
Richard：Thank you.[2]It’s a pleasure to be here.
Interviewer：I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.[3]It suggests that the present① day is a new age for inventions， but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
Richard：Well， that’s an interesting point②.[4]There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.Think of③ the four great inventions in Ancient China：gunpowder④， papermaking， printing and the compass⑤.These things changed the world forever.Then there were the great Western inventions：the steam engine， the telephone and the radio.And now， we [5]find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
[1]句中I’ll be talking to ...为将来进行时；whose引导定语从句，在从句中作new book的定语。
[2]It’s a pleasure to do sth很高兴做某事。It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
[3]suggest此处意思是“表明”，that引导宾语从句；另外，suggest还可以表示“建议”。
[4]There be句型的现在完成时形式。
[5]find oneself in ...发现自己处于……的状态，为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
Interviewer：So are most of the new great inventions tech-based？
Richard：A lot， yes.For example， advances in virtual reality⑥ and wearable tech⑦， as well as⑧ the flexible⑨ battery⑩， mean we should soon be seeing further developments .In addition ， important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power .
Interviewer：Can you give us some examples ？
Richard：Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.In terms of the environment， [6]it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， [7]with computing technology controlling its “legs”.What’s more ， huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly ， too.
[6]it is possible to do sth做某事是可能的。
[7]with的复合结构作状语。computing technology为宾语，controlling its “legs”为动词-ing短语作宾语补足语。
Interviewer：Impressive stuff ！I’ve also been told that you’re an inventor yourself.Is that correct？
Richard：Yes， I am， but I’m only one member of a big team — most inventors now work as part of big international teams.
Interviewer：I see .So [8]what is it that inspires us to invent things？
Richard：Most inventions start with recognising a problem [9]that needs a solution.This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times， [10]which much later developed into the car.Now， reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.But [11]what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
Interviewer：One last question.This is [12]the one everyone really wants to know：will anybody ever invent a time machine？
Richard：I think [13]you’ve been watching too many movies！Nothing like this has been invented yet and I’d say we’re a long way from an invention like that at the moment！But， as they say， “Never say never ！”
[8]强调句的特殊疑问句形式：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
[9]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a problem， that在从句中作主语，不可以省略。
[10]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the wheel， which在从句中作主语。
[11]what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，不可省略。
[12]the one为替代词，指代前面的question；everyone really wants to know为省略了关系词的定语从句。
[13]have been doing sth 是现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。
【读文清障】
①present adj.当前的；在场的
②point n.观点
point of view 观点
③think of 想到，想起
④gunpowder n.火药
⑤compass n.指南针，罗盘
⑥virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的
virtual reality 虚拟现实
⑦wearable tech
可穿戴技术
⑧as well as 也；还；除……之外（也）；而且
⑨flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的
⑩battery n.电池（复数为batteries）
further developments
进一步的发展
in addition 除此之外，另外
thanks to 多亏，幸亏，由于
increasing adj.不断增长的
power n.能力；功率；力量；权力；强国
give sb some examples 给某人举例说明
replacement n.代替；替换，替代品
replace v.代替；取代
in terms of 在……方面；就……而言
intelligent adj.聪明的；理解力强的
capable adj.有能力的
be capable of doing sth
有能力做某事
what’s more 而且；此外
eco-friendly adj.环保的，对环境无害的
stuff n.东西，物品
inventor n.发明家
invent v.发明
work as作为
I see 我明白了
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
start with 从……开始
no doubt 无疑地；很可能，确实地
develop into 发展成，演化为
reduced adj.减少的
environmental adj.环境的，与环境有关的
lead to 通向，导致
have an desire to do sth 有做某事的欲望
never say never 别轻易说决不
【参考译文】
新发明时代
采访人：晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。今晚的嘉宾是理查德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。欢迎您，理查德！
理查德：谢谢！很高兴能来到这里。
采访人：我猜已经有人就书名向您提问了。书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
理查德：嗯，这个观点很有意思。纵观历史，我们经历过很多发明创造的黄金时代。想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。它们永远地改变了世界。而后西方也出现了蒸汽机、电话、广播等伟大的发明。而现在，我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
采访人：所以大多数伟大的新发明都是科技产品吗？
理查德：是的，很多都是。比如说，虚拟现实、可穿戴科技设备与柔性电池技术的进步意味着我们很快会看到更多相关领域的产品研发。此外，得益于不断强化的计算机能力，医药与环境科学也取得了重要进展。
采访人：您能给我们举几个例子吗？
理查德：当然可以。3D打印机之类的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏与部分骨骼。在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。此外，太阳能技术的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。
采访人：真是了不起的发明！我听说您自己也是个发明家。是这样吗？
理查德：是的。但我只是一个大型团队中的一分子——大多数发明家现在都在大型国际团队中工作。
采访人：明白了。那么是什么激励着我们进行发明创造呢？
理查德：发现某个需要解决的问题，这是绝大多数发明的起点。古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。现在，能源供应紧缩与环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
采访人：最后一个问题，也是大家都很想知道的：会有人发明出时光机吗？
理查德：我觉得您是电影看多了！目前还没有类似的发明，而且我认为，我们离这样的发明还远着呢！不过，就像人们说的：“凡事没有绝对！”
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What is the theme of the text about？（ ）
A.The book The New Age of Invention has been published.
B.The present day is a new age for inventions.
C.The great age of invention is over.
D.There have been the golden ages of invention throughout history.
2.Why does Richard mention the four great inventions in Ancient China？（ ）
A.To prove the golden ages of invention in history.
B.To tell us the importance of the four inventions.
C.To share his knowledge about the four inventions.
D.To compare them with the great Western inventions.
3.What new inventions are NOT mentioned in the text？（ ）
A.Virtual reality and wearable tech.
B.The flexible battery and the 3D printers.
C.The inventions made by Richard.
D.The replacement of human organs.
4.What’s Richard’s attitude to inventing a time machine？（ ）
A.Negative. B.Optimistic.
C.Critical. D.Supportive.
5.What do we know about the new great inventions today？（ ）
A.All of them are tech-based.
B.Computer technology helps a lot.
C.The solar technology is always eco-friendly.
D.A solution to a problem is an invention.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the advances in medicine and environmental science.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the real spirit of invention.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences showing positive predictions about the future.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.Do you think the present day is a new age for inventions？Why？
2.What should you do in the new age of invention？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions， but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
句式分析 本句是一个并列复合句，but前的分句为复合句，that the present day is a new age for inventions为that引导的 从句；but后的分句也是复合句，that the great age of invention is over也是一个由that引导的 从句。
自主翻译
2.This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times，which much later developed into the car.
句式分析 句中the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times是表语；no doubt为副词短语修饰主句；which much later developed into the car是which引导的 从句，修饰the wheel。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
press v.按，压；敦促 n.压，按；出版社；报刊；新闻界
【教材原句】 Presently I am going to press the lever， and off the machine will go.It will vanish， pass into future time， and disappear.
我马上就要按下这个操纵杆，机器将会飞出去。它会消失不见，来到将来时间，又失踪。
【用法】
（1）press sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 press ...against/to ... 把……压/挤/贴在…… （2）pressure n. 压力 put pressure on sb 给某人施加压力 under pressure 在压力之下，承受压力 peer pressure 同龄压力 under the pressure of 在……的压力下
【佳句】 Out of curiosity， the little girl pressed her nose against/to the shop window.
出于好奇，小女孩把她的鼻子贴在商店的橱窗上。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The final exams can be really stressful， causing a lot of anxiety and （press） among students.
②The committee pressed the volunteers （reveal） more information about the mysterious donor.
【写美】 补全句子
③I know studying is very important， but my parents .
我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。
capable adj.有能力的
【教材原句】 It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。
【用法】
（1）be capable of （doing） sth 有能力（做）某事 （2）capability n. 能力；才能 the capability to do/of doing sth 做某事的能力 beyond one’s capability 超出某人的能力
【佳句】 Considering my personal conditions，I confidently think I am capable of doing it myself.
考虑到我的个人情况，我自信地认为我有能力自己做这件事。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①This work needs patience and skills，which is beyond my （capable）.
②Well educated， the pianist is capable playing various songs on the piano.
【写美】 补全句子
③ ， I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.
我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。（自荐信）
desire n.渴望，欲望 vt.渴望，希望；要求
【教材原句】 But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。
【用法】
（1）have a strong desire meet/satisfy one’s desire（s） 满足某人的愿望 （2）desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 desire that ...（should） do sth 要求……（应该）做某事
【佳句】 Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire for online learning.我们的学生来自不同的背景，但都渴望在线学习。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I desire that he （call） me on Monday morning.
②Many people desire （have） a robot in the digital times.
③The disappointed twins desired their father （tell） them how to make sandwiches， and he nodded.
【写美】 补全句子
④Knowing you ， I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
得知你很想学好汉语，我想给你一些建议。（建议信）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
【教材原句】 And now， we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
而现在，我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
【用法】
（1）“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的常见类型： find＋宾语＋ （2）在“find＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语通常是名词或形容词，真正的宾语往往是动词不定式。
【品悟】 Entering the yard， I found the ground covered with lots of fallen leaves.
进入院子，我发现地上覆盖着许多落叶。
【写美】 微写作
①很长一段时间之后，我发现这个年轻人很有能力。
After a long time， I .
②当她到家时，她发现她的宠物猫躺在院子里。
When she arrived home， she in the yard.
③我发现在这么狭窄的地方建个喷水池是不可能的。
I a fountain in such a narrow place.
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】 It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。
【用法】
句中的with computing technology controlling its “legs”是with复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。with复合结构在句中可作定语和状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。 with复合结构的构成： ①with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词 ②with＋宾语＋doing（表示主动、进行） ③with＋宾语＋done（表示被动、完成） ④with＋宾语＋to do（表示将要发生）
【品悟】 With an important meeting to attend， I can’t go climbing with you the day after tomorrow.
因为有一个重要的会议要参加，后天我不能和你去爬山了。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。
He went out of the library .
②有导游带我们参观这些景点，我们玩得很开心。
the scenic spots， we had a good time.
③整个下午他都关着门待在房间里，谁也不想见。
All the afternoon， he stayed in the room ， not wanting to see anyone.
④Because more and more forests were damaged，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
→ ，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
句型公式：强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
【教材原句】 So what is it that inspires us to invent things？那么是什么激励着我们进行发明创造呢？
【用法】
本句为强调句的特殊疑问句，其基本结构为：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？ （1）强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that （指人时可用who）＋其他成分。被强调部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语。 （2）强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that （强调人时可用who） ...？ （3）not ...until ...引导的时间状语从句的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。 （4）强调句的判断方法：把it is/was及that 去掉，调整后依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句。 （5）在强调句中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应同被强调成分的人称和数保持一致。
【品悟】 It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映的东西。
【写美】 微写作/句式升级
①是什么让他的父母如此高兴？
made his parents so happy？
②是不是因为杰克上学迟到，史密斯先生生气了？
Mr Smith got angry？
③正是你的责任感对这些儿童的教育产生了巨大的影响。
has made a great difference to the education of these children.
④He didn’t realise the importance of learning English well until he went to America as an exchange student.
→ he realised the importance of learning English well.（强调句）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ
9 / 9Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
FRANKLIN’S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True？
Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations② of children to science.[1]However， new research suggests that the story may be fiction③ instead of④ fact.
[1]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句；suggests在此处意为“表明”，其后的宾语从句不需要用虚拟语气。
[2]The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752.At that time， there was much interest in electricity⑥.[3]People wanted to know if lightning⑦ was really produced by electricity or something else.Franklin was one of them.He raised the kite with a piece of string⑧ tied to⑨ it.A metal⑩ key was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite， and electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock .This， he said， proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
For many years， schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment.More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.[4]Franklin， along with many other scientists， has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
[2]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句。
[3]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。
[4]本句是主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句；in order to establish the truth and to contribute ...在从句中作目的状语。
However， neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.[5]Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place ， more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.The detail about the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key， he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity .[6]In fact， more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
Admittedly ， fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves.[7]But in science， facts should be proved by experiments and research， and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.
[5]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句，其中that引导主语从句，it作形式主语；what引导宾语从句。
[6]本句是主从复合句。that while Newton ...on the head是that 引导的宾语从句；其中while引导让步状语从句，that it hit him on the head是that 引导的同位语从句。
[7]本句是并列复合句。第二个and连接两个并列分句；在第二个分句中，not和always连用表示部分否定，we read or hear是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything；even if引导让步状语从句。
【读文清障】
①experiment n.（科学）实验
②generation n.一代人；同辈人
③fiction n.虚构的事，想象的事
④instead of 而不是；代替
⑤fly a kite 放风筝
⑥electricity n.电；电能
electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的
⑦lightning n.闪电
⑧string n.线；细绳；一串；一系列
v.悬挂；系；扎
⑨tie ...to ...把……系在……上
⑩metal n.金属
attach v.系，绑；贴
be attached to
被固定到/附在……上
flash n.闪光
hit v.（hit， hit）打；击；碰撞
conduct v.传导（热、电）
electric shock 电击，触电
bravery n.勇气
brave adj.勇敢的
approach n.方式；方法；接近
v.靠近；接近
along with 与……一起
scientific adj.科学（上）的
scientific experiment 科学实验
establish v.确定，证实；建立，创立
establishment n.创立；建立；建设
contribute v.贡献；捐赠；捐助
contribute towards 有助于，为……做贡献/捐助
detail n.细节；琐事；消息
entirely adv.完全地，彻底地
entire adj.完全的；整个的
take place 发生
die from 死于
come up with 提出；想出
theory n.学说，理论
gravity n.重力，引力
account n.记述，描述
v.认为是；视为
account for 解释；说明
proof n.证明，证据
prove v.证明，证实
admittedly adv.诚然，确实
spirit n.精神，心灵；情绪，心境
exploration n.探索；探究；探测
explore v.探索；探究；探测
【参考译文】
富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？
本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究显示，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并非事实。
这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国的开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。那时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天，细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。闪电击中风筝，电流通过绳子传导到钥匙上，富兰克林随即用手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一种形式。
许多年来，富兰克林闪电实验的故事一直是学校的教学内容之一。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
诚然，虚构常常比事实更为有趣。人们更多是为富兰克林的科学探索精神所激励，而非事实本身。但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What is the text mainly about？（ ）
A.Whether the story of Franklin’s experiment is true or not.
B.The aim of Franklin’s experiment.
C.The procedure of Franklin’s experiment.
D.The effect of Franklin’s experiment.
2.From the first two paragraphs， what do we know about the experiment？（ ）
A.Only Franklin wanted to know the relation between electricity and lightning.
B.Franklin taught many children about his findings in different schools.
C.People had already known the cause of lightning before Franklin’s experiment.
D.As a scientist， Franklin was admired for his attitude to science.
3.What are people inspired by in Franklin’s story？（ ）
A.His bravery and scientific approach.
B.The kite with a key tied to the string.
C.The stormy weather with lightning.
D.His touching on the metal key.
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the story of Franklin’s experiment？（ ）
A.Doubtful.
B.Curious.
C.Supportive.
D.Not mentioned.
5.What is TRUE about Newton’s story？（ ）
A.The scientists saw the apple falling on Newton’s head.
B.Scientists like to question everything around them.
C.Everyone can prove the apple really hit Newton on the head.
D.The falling apple inspired Newton to think deeply about the reason.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the mood.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.In your opinion， what qualities should a great scientist have？
2.In what ways do scientists contribute to society？
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place， more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place为Although引导的 从句，该从句中it为 ，that Franklin’s experiment took place为 ；what really happened为what引导的 从句。
自主翻译
2.But in science， facts should be proved by experiments and research， and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.
句式分析 本句为并列复合句。and前的分句为简单句；and后的分句为复合句，we read or hear为省略关系代词 的 从句，修饰先行词 ；even if it is a great story为even if引导的 从句。
自主翻译
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
declaration n.声明，宣告
【教材原句】 Benjamin Franklin （1706－1790） was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution.
本杰明·富兰克林（1706－1790年）是美国开国元勋之一，并帮助起草了《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》。
【用法】
declare v. 宣布，宣称；声明 declare war on ... 对……宣战 declare against/for 声明反对/支持…… declare sb/sth （to be） ＋名词/形容词 宣布某人/事为…… declare ...open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
【佳句】 The museum has a copy of the country’s Declaration of Independence.
这家博物馆珍藏着该国的一份《独立宣言》。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①When they asked him for his opinion， he declared strongly the policy，which made them unhappy.
②In 1939， Hitler declared war Poland， which started the Second World War.
【写美】 补全句子
③The instant the ceremony ， all the students in our school burst into cheers.
仪式一宣布开始，我校全体学生就欢呼起来。
attach v.系，绑；贴；使依恋；重视
【教材原句】 A metal key was attached to the string.细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。
【用法】
（1）attach sth to ... 把某物连接到/附在……上 attach oneself to ... 依附……；缠着…… attach importance/significance/value to ... 重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值 （2）attached adj. 喜爱的；依恋的；附属的 be attached to 被连接到……；爱慕；附属于 （3）attachment n. 附件，附属物
【佳句】 Chinese people attach great importance to the seating order at formal dinners.
中国人非常重视在正式宴会上的座次排序。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①You can send an email with a sound as an （attach）.
②After graduation，he has been working in a hospital， which is attached the medical college nearby.
【写美】 补全句子
③She found a box lying on the table it， saying “Happy birthday”.
她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，写着“生日快乐”。
along with 与……一起
【教材原句】 Franklin， along with many other scientists，has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.
富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
【用法】
当with，along with，together with，as well as，in addition to，rather than，including等连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数与前面的名词或代词保持一致。
【佳句】 She lost her job when the factory closed， along with hundreds of others.
工厂倒闭时，她和其他数以百计的人一起失去了工作。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Now the teacher together with the students （be） discussing reading skills.
②The students， rather than their teacher， （be） going to have a picnic this weekend.
【写美】 补全句子
③I Sanya on the first day.
第一天，我和我的父母将一起坐飞机去三亚。
account n.记述，描述；报道；账户 v.说明；解释
【教材原句】 In fact， more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that it hit him on the head.事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
【用法】
（1）account for 是……的原因；导致；占……（比例） （2）on account of 由于，因为 on no account 决不（置于句首，句子用部分倒装） （3） take account of＝take ...into account/consideration 考虑……
【佳句】 I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account.I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.我真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。我期待着尽快得到您的回复。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The majority of people were drowned account of lack of enough lifeboats.
②The minority nationalities account six per cent of the whole population.
③His exam results were not very good， but we must take account his long illness.
【写美】 句式升级
④You should on no account leave the door unlocked.
→ the door unlocked.（倒装句）
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：neither ...nor ...连接并列成分
【教材原句】 However， neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
【用法】
neither ...nor ...表示“既不……也不……”。 （1）neither ...nor ...连接两个主语时，应遵循“就近一致”原则。 （2）若将neither ...nor ...句型变为肯定句，只需把neither ...nor ...改为both ...and ...即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。 （3）neither可以单独使用，作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。 （4）当表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语。
【写美】 微写作
①昨天我和我的同学们都没有受到老师的惩罚。
by our teacher yesterday.
②昆明是一个美丽的城市，那里一年四季都不太热也不太冷。
Kunming is a beautiful city， where it’s all the year around.
③如果乔的妻子不去参加聚会，他也不去。
If Joe’s wife doesn’t go to the party， .
句型公式：虚拟语气
【教材原句】 But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key， he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
【用法】
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法： （1）与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词用were），主句谓语用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。 （2）与过去事实相反时，从句谓语用过去完成时，主句谓语用would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词。 （3）与将来事实相反时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be用were）/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形，主句谓语用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
【品悟】 If you had followed my advice， you wouldn’t have run into trouble.如果你听从了我的建议，你就不会陷入困境了。
【写美】 微写作
①要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
If my brother were here，everything all right.
②如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。
If it tomorrow，we the sports meeting.
③要是没有你的帮助，我上周考试可能就通不过。
If it for your help， I the exam last week.
④玛丽是盲人。如果她能够看到这个光明的世界，她会满心欢喜。
Mary is blind.If she the bright world， she would be full of joy.
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 In fact， more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
【用法】
while的用法如下： （1）while 引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”，相当于though/although。 （2）while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 （3）while连接并列句，表示对比或转折，意为“而；然而”。此时，while一般位于句中。
【品悟】 While the students came from different countries， they got along quite well in the summer camp.
虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营里相处得很好。
【写美】 微写作/句型转换
①他对钱很吝啬而他的哥哥却很大方。
He is mean with money .
②尽管大卫在几公里内被绊倒了，但他仍坚持跑步。
，he insisted on running.
③While you are taking exercise， you must be cautious.
→ ， you must be cautious.（状语从句的省略）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ
9 / 9Section Ⅱ Using language
现在完成时的被动语态
①I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
②The ink has not been removed from the clothes.
③Haven’t your problems been solved？
④How many buildings have been built in your school？
【我的发现】
1.以上例句中都使用了 。
2.以上例句中第①句是该时态的 句式；第②句是 句式；第③句是 句式；第④句是 句式。
一、结构
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done ...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done ...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done ...？
This year，115 measles cases have already been reported in the USA.
今年美国已经报告了115例麻疹病例。
The construction of the bridge has not been finished.
这座桥的建设还没有完成。
Has the date for the next meeting been decided？
下次会议的日期已经决定了吗？
How long has the battery not been changed？
电池多久没有更换了？
【即时演练1】 补全句子
①A huge amount of environmental damage by the destruction of the rain forests.
雨林的破坏导致了巨大的环境破坏。
②Some astronauts to carry on experiments so as to learn its secrets.
一些航天员被送入太空进行实验，以便了解太空的奥秘。
③Large quantities of various talents to Xi’an.
大量的各类人才已被引进西安。
④ the good news yet？
孩子们被告知这个好消息了吗？
⑤How many cars by the factory since 1990？
自从1990年以来，这家工厂生产了多少辆汽车？
二、用法
1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already， yet， just， never， recently， lately等副词及时间状语so far， by now， since， up till now， in/during/over the past/last years等连用。
The machine has already been repaired.Do you want to use it？
这台机器已经修好了。你想用它吗？
2.表示被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于how long引导的句子中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown？
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。
You shouldn’t leave the school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
名师点津
现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去的某个时间里，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示一个被动的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响或结果。
The big fire was put out two hours ago.
大火在两小时前被扑灭了。
The big fire has been put out.
大火已经被扑灭了。
【即时演练2】 单句语法填空
①People’s lives （change） in the past 10 years.
②The construction of the two new railway lines （complete） by now.
③They can’t go to school tomorrow because the school houses （damage） in a fire.
④So far， this novel （translate） into several languages.
三、注意事项
1.只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
His boss has already punished him.
→He has already been punished by his boss.
他的老板已经惩罚了他。
2.带有双宾语的动词，如give， send， bring， take， teach， show， tell， make， sing， write， read， sell， buy， pay， lend， pass， promise等，变为被动语态时，一般把指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词to或for。
The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.
→He has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the company.
→A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently by the company.
最近公司给了他一次出国工作的机会。
【即时演练3】 把下列句子改成被动句
①People have cut down many big trees along the stream to build houses.
→
②They have spent large quantities of funds in bringing up the three children.
→
③I haven’t found my new schoolbag up till now.
→
④Has anyone made a comment about the online database？
→
beyond recognition 无法辨认，认不出来
【教材原句】 Within the next 80 years， our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing.今后的80年内，3D打印技术可能会使我们的生活变得无法辨认。
【用法】
beyond belief 难以置信 beyond description 无法形容 beyond expression 无法表达 beyond one’s control 不受某人的控制 beyond one’s imagination 难以想象 beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力/权力 beyond one’s reach 在某人够不到的地方
【佳句】 The scenery along the lake is beautiful beyond description.
湖边的景色美得无法形容。
【练透】 选用左栏短语填空
①Owing to circumstances ， we regret to inform customers that this store will close early.
②I was pleased that I got this job.
【写美】 补全句子
③The town since I was last here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
instance n.例子，实例
【教材原句】 For instance， some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers.例如，在伦敦，一些餐馆已经向顾客提供3D打印出来的汉堡了。
【用法】
for instance 例如；比如 in the first instance 首先；第一 in most instances 在大多数情况下 in this instance 就这个情况而言
【佳句】 We need to rethink the way we consume energy.Take， for instance， our approach to transport.
我们需要重新考虑我们消耗能源的方式，例如我们的运输方式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Anyone wishing to join the society should apply the first instance to the secretary.
②In most （instance）， environmental protection is a long-term process that requires our collective participation.
【写美】 翻译句子
③很多地方都有了改进，比如鼠标按键。
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的
【教材原句】 But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine.
但是或许人们现在取得的最重要的成功是在医学方面。
【用法】
（1）significance n. 重要性；意义；意思，含义 be of significance＝be significant 有意义的 attach （great） significance to 认为……（很）重要 （2）significantly adv. 显著地；有重大意义地
【佳句】 The most significant thing you should keep in mind is that most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods.
你应该牢记的最重要的事情是，如果你使用正确的方法，大部分问题是容易的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①These presses are little significance， indicating that they are worthless.
②In my view， practicing handwriting is very significant the students’ growth.
【写美】 补全句子
③To be honest， a lot of people becoming famous and rich.
说实话，很多人把名和利看得很重要。
cure n.药剂；疗法 vt.治好（疾病）；治愈；改正（不良行为）
【教材原句】 Currently， there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s， but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease.
目前，还没有治愈阿尔茨海默病的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善患者生活质量的方法。
【用法】
（1）a cure for ... ……的治疗方法；解决问题的措施 （2）cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的不良行为
【佳句】 Thanks to the help of the expert， he was cured of the terrible disease successfully.
多亏专家的帮助，他成功地治好了可怕的疾病。
【辨析】 （1）cure作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，表示“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用cure sb of sth来表示。
（2）treat强调治疗的动作，不涉及结果，用于treat sb for sth结构中。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Tu Youyou chose to establish a team to find a cure malaria.
②The patient received careful treatment in the hospital. Finally she was cured the disease.
【写美】 补全句子
③With the help of my parents and teachers， I and made progress in my study.
在父母和老师的帮助下，我改正了一些缺点，在学习上取得了进步。
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ
4 / 5单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. v. 射出（光、亮等），放射
2. n. 渴望，欲望
3. prep. 无法……
4. n. 例子，实例
5. adj. 重要的，影响深远的
6. v. 使受伤，弄伤
7. n. 起源，起因
8. n. 学说，理论
9. adj. 精神的；精神健康的
10. n. 药剂；疗法
11. v. 传导（热、电）
12. n. 记述，描述
13. n. 程序，步骤，手续
Ⅰ.选用左栏单词并用其适当形式填空
1.I have a strong to visit the old castle， whose door is painted red.
2.His movie won several awards at the film festival， which was his expectation.
3.The fact is that not all the confirm that hard work can lead to success.
4.My boyfriend and my best friend had a quarrel on this occasion， and unfortunately I found myself caught in between.
5.These measures are aimed at bringing scientific and knowledge to practical application.
6.There were many opinions about the of life at that time.
7.Remember these and try to do the experiment by yourself.
8.Copper electricity well， which is known to most of us.
二、拓展单词
1. v.按，压→pressure n.压力，挤压
2. adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n.灵活性；柔韧度
3. adj.有能力的→incapable adj.没有能力的→capability n.才能，能力
4. n.声明，宣告→declare vt.宣布；声明
5. v.系，绑；贴→attached adj.依恋的，附加的
6. adj.科学（上）的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
7. adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的
8. n.证明，证据→prove v.证明；证实linking v.证明是；被发现是
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be （entire） free from dust.
2.Athletes must perform well under extreme （press）， especially in big events such as Olympic Games.
3.Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects if the students should fail to use them wisely and （flexible）.
4.Since reform and opening-up， China has made remarkable achievements in （science） and technological innovation.
5.In 1863， President Lincoln issued a （declare） calling for the last Thursday of November to be observed as a day of Thanksgiving.
三、重点短语
1. 也，还，除……之外
2. 除此之外，另外
3. 在……方面，就……而言
4. 从……开始
5. 导致；通向
6. 虚拟现实
7. 可穿戴技术
8. 被用来做某事
9. 别轻易说决不
10. 除……之外
11. 以……命名
12. 被固定到/附在……上
13. 与……一起
14. 发生，举行
15. 死于
16. 提出；想出
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.I don’t know who this idea， but it is really wonderful.
2.The plotlines （主要情节） of cartoons are simple and they often at home or school.
3. a small team of paid staff， the organization is made up of unpaid volunteers.
4.It is often a good idea to small， easily achievable goals.
5.Previous behavioural studies have shown that learning new information can forgetting.
6. content， the article is good， but it is written poorly.
7.American children eat too many snacks between meals. ， they drink too many sugary drinks.
四、经典句式
1.“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
And now， we （发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代）.
2.“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构（with复合结构）
It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， （计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”）.
3.强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
So （是什么） inspires us to invent things？
4.neither ...nor ...连接并列成分
However， （不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非） are entirely true.
Ⅳ.补全句子
1.He returned home， only to .
他回到家却发现自己的一根手指受伤了。
2. ， the travelers walked to the hotel soon.
因为有那个年轻人带路，游客们很快就步行到了酒店。
3. picked up your key in the campus yesterday？
昨天是谁在校园里捡到你的钥匙的？
4. before.
他的家人和他以前都没去过那儿。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1.The question mark is the key to any science.
问号是开启所有科学的钥匙。
2.With science and technology developing fast， our life at present is quite different from that in the past.
随着科学技术的快速发展，我们现在的生活与过去有很大的不同。
3.It was because of the great breakthrough she made in medicine that the Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
中国科学家屠呦呦正是因其在医学上的重大突破而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
4.The pursuit of objective truth and knowledge is the highest and eternal goal of human beings.
追求客观真理和知识是人类最高的和永恒的目标。
5.Science and technology is the primary productive force.
科学技术是第一生产力。
6.The ancient Chinese are associated with many important inventions， some of which have changed the world， and many of which we still use today.
古代中国人与许多重要发明有关，其中一些已经改变了世界，许多我们今天仍在使用。
7.Because of the invention of paper， the Chinese were one of the first nations to start recording histories in the world.
由于纸的发明，中国是世界上最早开始记录历史的国家之一。
8.Science is endless.It is an eternal mystery.
— Einstein
科学是永无止境的，它是一个永恒之谜。
——爱因斯坦
4 / 4学习讲义部分
UNIT 1 Knowing me， knowing you
单元话题导入
1.It is less important than face-to-face relationships.
2.She used to have difficulty facing each new day.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.teammate 2.performance 3.embarrassed 4.ashamed 5.the point guard 6.think 7.speak
第二步
1－6 DACCAC
第三步
1.（1）I’m crazy about basketball， and pretty good at it too， which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.
（2）We played well，but I felt the team were let down by one member， our point guard.
（3）Disappointed by his behaviour， I said all this to my best friend.
（4）I was just letting off steam really， because I was so angry， but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said.
（5）Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything.
2.（1）Treated this way， you’re sure to feel hurt — we should always be able to trust those closest to us， and it hurts even more when we find we can’t.
（2）It is understandable in that situation， but we should always think before we speak.
3.（1）There is an old American saying， “Loose lips sink ships.”
（2）The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s.
（3）You admit that you were “letting off steam”.
第四步
1.If one speaks carelessly about private or sensitive information， someone could hear and use it to damage or ruin something important.
2.Yes.I was once very angry with my deskmate for breaking my favourite cup by accident.I complained to my friend about it.Unfortunately， my friend told others my complaint， which made me very embarrassed.I realise that I shouldn’t say too much when I am angry.
第五步
1.原因状语 宾语
我其实只是想发泄一下怒气，因为我太生气了，可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
2.条件状语 宾语
如果你们以后篮球比赛还想赢球（我肯定你们一定想赢！），你们就必须团结合作，这就意味着你们彼此之间必须沟通清楚，解决矛盾。
3.原因状语 宾语
满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①up ②a ③messy ④in a mess
2.①wondering ②out ③can’t help but face failure
④is of great help； is very helpful
3.①of ②alone ③out ④let you down
4.①faulty ②at ③for ④find fault with
5.①took a deep breath ②held their breath
③took my breath away ④out of breath/breathless
6.①about/for ②concerns ③concerned
④As/So far as I’m concerned
重点句型解构
1.①Eager to improve ②Surprised and happy
2.①……之后才…… ②还没来得及……就……
③It will be half a year before ④It wasn’t long before
⑤It was a long time before ⑥won’t go home before
⑦before you make a decision
3.①Whoever climbs to the top of the hill first
②Whatever you do； No matter what you do
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.原因 条件 时间 让步 方式
2.被动 已经完成 单独 连词
3.保持一致 独立主格结构
即时演练1
①原因状语 ②条件状语 ③方式状语 ④时间状语
即时演练2
①Although defeated again ②when accompanied by their parents ③Concerned about his son’s safety
④The signal given
即时演练3
①Hesitating ②Inspired ③revealing
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①annoying ②to learn ③with ④To his annoyance
2.①adjustment ②living ③adjust yourself to the life
3.①by； on ②accidentally ③by mistake
4.①interrupting ②forgiveness ③forgive and forget
5.①embarrassed ②embarrassing ③embarrassment
④To her embarrassment
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.feel better 2.ourselves 3.encouragement 4.frank
5.different 6.bad news
第二步
1－6 ADCBCC
第三步
Written more than two hundred years ago， these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry：
Oh， what a tangled web we weave，
When first we practise to deceive！
第四步
1.It depends on what thing we will tell.If it brings some bad results， I think we’d better tell the truth.
2.A white lie refers to a lie that is told in order to be polite or to stop someone from being upset by the truth or to encourage someone.
3.For example， whenever my mother cooks meat， she often says that she doesn’t like eating meat.In fact， she says so to save the meat and allow us to eat more.
第五步
1.宾语 宾语
我们都知道诚实是一项重要品质，也知道说谎是不对的。但是谁又能诚实地说自己从来没有说过谎呢？
2.时间状语 宾语 定语 meal
但是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型很好看，或者说不合我们口味的菜很好吃时，我们真的是在为别人着想吗？
3.省略了关系代词that/which的定语 时间状语
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①with ②Frankly
③Honestly speaking； To tell the truth
2.①in ②down ③tore ④was moved to tears
3.①tears； apart ②falling apart ③set； apart ④take； apart
⑤Apart from/Besides/In addition to the reasons above
重点句型解构
1.①so that we got good seats ②in order that/so that he can pass the exam； in order to/so as to pass the exam； In order to pass the exam
2.①The first time I met Jane ②Every time I was in trouble
③last time I called on him ④the moment/instant/minute
Section Ⅳ Writing an essay
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.
2.A farmer saved a frozen snake.
3.The snake killed him at last.
4.Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.
5.Some old people were not grateful to the people who helped them.
6.They deceived the people who helped them， hurt them and got a lot of money.
7.It made the public very annoyed.
8.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
9.Frankly speaking，it is very important to extend our helping hands.
10.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
三、1.A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
2.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them， some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.
四、
I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.The fable goes like this：A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them，some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
Frankly speaking， it is very important to extend our helping hands.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Tom walked out of the store quickly，happy and concerned.
2.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.
3.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.
4.He took a deep breath， walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.”
5.To his shock，the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.
6.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom，tears of joy rolling down.
二、
Tom walked out of the store quickly， happy and concerned.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.He took a deep breath，walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.” To his shock， the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom， tears of joy rolling down.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.steam 2.sink 3.fault 4.strategy 5.signal
6.duty 7.accident 8.forgive 9.boxing 10.justify 11.tear 12.moreover 13.apart 14.fence
Ⅰ.1.tears 2.sank 3.apart 4.forgave 5.accident
6.fault 7.duty
二、1.loose 2.resolve 3.breath 4.concern 5.annoyed 6.adjust 7.ensure 8.complexity 9.criticise
10.embarrassment 11.frank 12.independent
Ⅱ.1.frankly 2.ensure 3.①independent ②independence
4.①embarrassment ②embarrassed
5.①annoyed ②annoying
三、1.help out 2.let down 3.let off steam
4.be angry with 5.be sure to 6.apologise to
7.communicate with 8.pull one’s weight 9.white lies
10.tell a lie 11.protect ...from ... 12.tell the truth 13.to what extent 14.even if/though 15.hide sth from sb 16.take a breath
Ⅲ.1.let down 2.apologised to 3.help out
4.communicate with 5.white lies 6.even if/though
7.let off steam
四、1.Embarrassed and ashamed
2.whatever comes to your mind
3.so that they can improve
4.every time you visit
Ⅳ.1.Tired and thirsty
2.whatever problems arise
3.so that everyone can hear you
4.Every time I saw Miss Ma in the office
UNIT 2 Making a difference
单元话题导入
1.The former owners forgot the existence of the coins.
2.To inspire people in trouble.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.experience 2.raised 3.finished 4.are attracted
5.have benefited from 6.courage
第二步
1－6 BBCCAD
第三步
1.（1）They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
（2）He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
（3）At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.
（4）He broke into a joyful smile.
2.（1）Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn’t give up.
（2）He was determined to help other children have clean water.
（3）This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
3.（1）Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？”
（2）Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children.What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
（3）Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.
第四步
1.I can offer food and hot water to the homeless people， and I can also donate my pocket money to help the children in poor areas.
2.I will turn to some adults around for help instead of helping them by myself because that can make me in the same trouble.
第五步
1.后置定 同位语 words
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
2.时间状语 宾语 it to build a well
瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2，000美元。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①building ②contributions ③to ④contribute to
2.①Relieved ②with ③of
④It was a relief to； To my relief
3.①of ②shortage ③for ④In short
4.①effective ②into ③In ④have a great effect on
5.①a ②earned him a good reputation/earned a good reputation for him
6.①donor ②donation ③donated a million dollars to
7.①up ②down ③from ④broke into a smile
重点句型解构
1.①that his health is failing
②that I should stop complaining
③that we will finish the work in such a short time
④that Zhang Wei will keep his promise
2.①with which I wrote down his phone number ②in which my elder brother once studied ③on which ④for which
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.单个 前面 过去分词短语 后面
2.②⑥ ③④ ① ⑤
即时演练1
①appointed place ②damaged house ③satisfied smile ④known to everybody ⑤made by the customers
⑥selected from the whole country
即时演练2
①working； studying ②discussed ③being talked
④to be completed ⑤mentioned
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①继续 ②开始担当 ③占用（时间） ④takes off
2.①about ②complaining ③of
④much more sensitive to their present situation
3.①with ②generosity ③It’s generous of you to lend
4.①hesitation ②about/over ③recommending
④hesitate to contact
5.①assistance ②assistant
③assist you with； assist you to learn/in learning
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.London 2.business 3.safety in Britain 4.military
5.a forgotten journal 6.passed away
第二步
1－5 DCBCA
第三步
（1）It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague’s Wilson Station.
（2）Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again.
（3）A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
第四步
1.Because their country was being invaded by Nazi forces and they were in danger of losing their lives.
2.No， I only did what I thought should be done.
第五步
1.独立主格 定语
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2.后置定 定语
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3.非限制性定语 正如……
这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①to ②in ③aid him in continuing； aid him to continue
2.①to ②on ③rose to our feet
3.①in ②achievement ③achieve his goal
④achieving success
4.①in ②are ③a/the ④minorities ⑤the majority of
5.①as ②to ③treated him for
重点句型解构
①seeing ②arrival ③On/Upon finishing his studies； The moment/minute/instant/second he finished his studies； immediately/directly/instantly he finished his studies
Section Ⅳ Writing a biography
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Mo Yan was born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955.
2.Mo Yan’s original name is Guan Moye，and he showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
3.What’s more，not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
4.After he graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
5.With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
6.To all Chinese people’s excitement， in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
三、1.Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
2.Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
四、
Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What’s more， not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986， Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later. With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
To all Chinese people’s excitement，in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”
2.Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.
3.With his assistance， Mac was safe.
4.“Oh，my god，my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.
5.Paul drove the car back quickly.
6.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.
7.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul， “Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.”
8.Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
二、
Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！” Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.With his assistance， Mac was safe.“Oh， my god， my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.Paul drove the car back quickly.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul，“Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.” Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.internal 2.fund 3.recycle 4.foundation 5.insight
6.extend 7.mission 8.disease 9.territory
10.sensitive 11.generous 12.royal 13.institution
14.aid 15.temporary 16.military 17.obtain
18.certificate 19.further
Ⅰ.1.Aided 2.sensitive 3.temporary 4.certificate
5.further 6.diseases 7.Royal 8.institution
二、1.contribution 2.relief 3.shortage 4.effective
5.earn 6.donate 7.reality 8.disability 9.hesitate
10.assistance 11.registration 12.confirmation
13.achievement 14.chief 15.major 16.treatment
Ⅱ.1.effective 2.contribution 3.①hesitation ②hesitated
4.①achievement ②achieved 5.①relief ②to relieve
6.①reality ②really 7.①majority ②majored
8.①disability ②disabled
三、1.set up 2.be determined to do 3.make a difference 4.benefit from ... 5.hesitate to do sth 6.come up with
7.play an important role in ... 8.escape from ...
9.in danger 10.keep records of 11.serve as 12.take sb in
13.at one point 14.rise to one’s feet 15.pass away
Ⅲ.1.come up with 2.make a difference 3.set up
4.pass away 5.keep records of 6.At one point
7.benefit from
四、1.that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water
2.with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda
3.not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”
4.On leaving school
Ⅳ.1.that the sports meeting would be postponed
2.without which I couldn’t enter the theatre
3.Not you but he
4.On/Upon entering the room
UNIT 3 The world of science
单元话题导入
1.The two basic kinds of public Wi-Fi networks.
2.①Avoid shopping online.
②Keep personal information hidden well.
③Stop someone from looking at our devices.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.title 2.past 3.gunpowder 4.the compass
5.the telephone 6.tech-based 7.walking house
8.inventors 9.solution 10.create
第二步
1－5 BACBB
第三步
1.（1）New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
（2）In terms of the environment， it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
（3）It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
（4）What’s more， huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly， too.
2.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
3.（1）For example， advances in virtual reality and wearable tech， as well as the flexible battery， mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
（2）But， as they say， “Never say never！”
第四步
1.Yes， I do.Thanks to computer power， important advances have been made.
2.As a senior high school student， I should make full use of time to learn knowledge.
第五步
1.宾语 宾语
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
2.非限制性定语
古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①pressure ②to reveal ③put too much pressure on me
2.①capability ②of ③Capable of speaking/With a capability to speak fluent English
3.①（should） call ②to have ③to tell
④have a strong desire to learn Chinese well
重点句型解构
1.①found the young man （to be） very capable ②found her pet cat lying ③find it impossible to build
2.①with a book under his arm
②With a guide showing us around ③with the door closed
④With more and more forests damaged
3.①What was it that ②Was it because Jack came late for school that ③It is your sense of responsibility that
④It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在完成时的被动语态
2.肯定 否定 一般疑问 特殊疑问
即时演练1
①has been brought about ②have been sent into space ③have been introduced ④Have the children been told ⑤have been produced
即时演练2
①have been changed ②has been completed
③have been damaged ④has been translated
即时演练3
①Many big trees along the stream have been cut down by people to build houses. ②Large quantities of funds have been spent by them in bringing up the three children.
③My new schoolbag hasn’t been found by me up till now.
④Has a/any comment been made about the online database？
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①beyond our control ②beyond description/expression ③has changed beyond recognition
2.①in ②instances ③There are a number of improvements， for instance， the mouse buttons.
3.①of ②to ③attach great significance to
4.①for ②of ③cured myself of some shortcomings
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.fiction 2.electricity 3.kite 4.metal 5.lightning
6.has 7.entirely 8.inspired 9.spirit 10.facts
第二步
1－5 ADAAD
第三步
More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
第四步
1.Persistence， devotion and interest.
2.Firstly， scientific discoveries promote the development of our society.Secondly， the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our lifespan.Thirdly， scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
第五步
1.让步状语 形式主语 真正的主语 宾语
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。
2.that 定语 everything 让步状语
但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①against ②on ③was declared open
2.①attachment ②to ③with a card attached to
3.①is ②are ③along with my parents am taking a flight to
4.①on ②for ③into ④On no account should you leave
重点句型解构
1.①Neither my classmates nor I was punished
②neither too hot nor too cold ③neither/nor will he
2.①would be
②rained/should rain/were to rain； would have to put off
③hadn’t been； would have failed ④were able to see
3.①while his brother is generous
②While/Although/Though David was tripped over within a few kilometers ③While taking exercise
Section Ⅳ Writing an experiment report
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Today we carried out an experiment.Its aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment： pieces of aluminium，a Bunsen burner，a balance，a crucible and a pair of tongs.
3.The stages were as follows.
4.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.
5.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.
6.After that， we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.
7.Finally， we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.
8.We found it weighed a little more than before.
9.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion：There is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
三、1.Today we carried out an experiment，whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
四、
Today we carried out an experiment， whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment：pieces of aluminium， a Bunsen burner， a balance， a crucible and a pair of tongs.
The stages were as follows.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.Next，we lighted the Bunsen burner.After that，we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.Finally，we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.We found it weighed a little more than before.
After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest，Tim，a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.
2.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.
3.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.
4.He tripped and injured his leg.
5.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.
6.At that moment， he was excited beyond description.
7.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
二、
Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest， Tim， a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.He tripped and injured his leg.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.At that moment，he was excited beyond description.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.shoot 2.desire 3.beyond 4.instance 5.significant
6.injure 7.origin 8.theory 9.mental 10.cure
11.conduct 12.account 13.procedure
Ⅰ.1.desire 2.beyond 3.instances 4.significant
5.theories 6.origin 7.procedures 8.conducts
二、1.press 2.flexible 3.capable 4.declaration 5.attach
6.scientific 7.entirely 8.proof
Ⅱ.1.entirely 2.pressure 3.flexibly 4.scientific
5.declaration
三、1.as well as 2.in addition 3.in terms of 4.start with
5.lead to 6.virtual reality 7.wearable tech
8.be used to do sth 9.never say never 10.apart from
11.be named after 12.be attached to 13.along with 14.take place 15.die from e up with
Ⅲ.1.came up with 2.take place 3.Apart from
4.start with 5.lead to 6.In terms of 7.In addition
四、1.find ourselves in the great new age of technology
2.with computing technology controlling its “legs”
3.what is it that
4.neither the story nor the details of the experiment
Ⅳ.1.find one of his fingers injured
2.With the young man leading the way
3.Who was it that
4.Neither his family nor he has been there
UNIT 4 Amazing art
单元话题导入
1.Have a good idea of the painting.
2.The nature or character of a subject.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.largest 2.huge sculpture 3.missing 4.skill 5.smaller
6.mind 7.selfie 8.cheaper 9.fantastic
第二步
1－5 ABCDA
第三步
1.（1）I can’t even begin to tell you how amazing this is！
（2）It’s the one and only Mona Lisa！
（3）Throughout his life， he made over 90 self-portraits！
2.（1）It looks like she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship.（metaphor）
（2）...it would take a lifetime to see everything！ （hyperbole）
（3）They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.（personification）
3.By the way， if you have enjoyed this live broadcast， subscribe to find out where I’m visiting next！
第四步
1.I like Western art very much.Because these works of art can not only give us the chance to appreciate the beauty， skill and great power in them， but also inspire us to learn the cultural backgrounds and thoughts expressed by the painters.
2.It seems to me that art plays a very important role in our daily lives.For one thing， it makes our lives more colourful and interesting.For another， it spreads some positive information and values to us.
第五步
1.宾 主 伴随状
虽然头部和手臂已经遗失了，但你们仍然可以想象她正高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战役的胜利。
2.宾语 目的状语
今天我们就先到这里，希望有一天你们都能来参观这个美妙之地，亲身感受这些伟大艺术作品的魅力。
3.条件状语 目的状语 宾语
哦对了，如果你们喜欢这场直播，请点击“订阅”，关注我下一站的目的地吧！
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①greetings ②in ③greeted me with
2.①of ②Loaded ③a ④with
⑤took a load off my mind
3.①up ②unfold ③her hands folded
4.①across ②out ③about ④came up
5.①on ②will be exhibiting ③exhibition
④a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held
重点句型解构
1.That’s because he got caught in the traffic；
That’s why he was absent from the meeting；
why he was absent from the meeting the day before yesterday was that he got caught in the traffic
2.①did win first prize ②but I did （study hard）
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在进行时的被动语态 be being done
2.肯定 否定 一般疑问 特殊疑问
即时演练1
①is being built ②isn’t being built
③Is a modern school being built
④Where is a modern school being built at present
即时演练2
①is being repaired； is under repair
②are being constructed； are under construction
③is still being considered； is still under consideration
【知识要点·须拾遗】
①for ②for/through ③lacking in confidence
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.most significant 2.born 3.Wang Wei 4.serve
5.observed 6.gallop off 7.real horses
第二步
1－6 DBBBCC
第三步
Even after more than a thousand years have passed， we can still feel the power within its burning eyes， bared teeth and kicking hooves.
第四步
1.Both his talent and his hard work are the key to his success in the field of painting.
2.Xu Beihong， a Chinese painter， was good at painting horses.His work Eight Fine Horses has won great reputation at home and abroad.
第五步
1.过去分词短语 后置定语
《照夜白图》，现收藏于纽约大都会艺术博物馆，被认为是中国艺术史上最为重要的骏马图之一。
2.独立主格 定语 every detail
韩干日复一日地练习画马，用画笔把眼睛观察到的每一处细节都呈现了出来。
3.定语 Those 伴随状语 宾语
看过韩干的骏马图的人都对他独特的技艺赞赏有加，称他的马“跃然纸上”。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①sponsored ②to complete
③find some more sponsors for my bike ride
2.①for ②for ③am very fond of； am very keen on
3.①for ②in ③sing high praises for/think highly of/think well of/speak highly of/have a high opinion of
4.①in ②from/against ③put all the others in the shade
重点句型解构
1.①unless handled properly ②when necessary
2.①The higher； the thinner ②the wiser he will become ③the more I enjoy living in China
Section Ⅳ Writing about an artwork
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
2.Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting， so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.
3.The painting Racing Horse not only shows six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
4.I think it’s delightful.Perhaps that’s because I really like the painting of animals.
5.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse，which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
三、1.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us，which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
2.Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.
四、
Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting，so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive，but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse， which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.
2.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.
3.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.
4.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.
5.Tony greeted them with a broad smile， standing up straight with his arms folded.
6.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
二、
Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.Tony greeted them with a broad smile，standing up straight with his arms folded.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.greet 2.broadcast 3.stair 4.battle
5.neighbourhood 6.calligraphy 7.demonstrate
8.needle 9.carve 10.contemporary 11.cigarette
12.lack 13.wine 14.fond
Ⅰ.1.greet 2.contemporary 3.lack 4.fond
5.neighbourhood 6.demonstrated
二、1.load 2.fold 3.exhibition 4.vividly 5.elegant
6.magnificent 7.dirt 8.sponsor 9.frequent 10.mostly
Ⅱ.1.vividly 2.unfolded 3.①elegant ②elegance
4.①frequently ②frequency 5.exhibition
三、1.get a load of ... 2.hold up 3.have a mind of one’s own
4.sense of sadness 5.subscribe to 6.manage to do sth 7.be known for 8.be regarded as 9.by accident
10.due to 11.be fond of ... 12.sing high praises for
Ⅲ.1.sense of sadness 2.subscribed to 3.sang high praises for
4.hold up 5.by accident 6.is fond of
四、1.that’s why she attracts so many visitors every day
2.do reach out to us
3.While waiting at the gate
4.The more time he spent observing these animals
Ⅳ.1.That is why English has so many rules
2.did tell you the news
3.While travelling abroad
4.the more confident； the more likely
UNIT 5 What an adventure！
单元话题导入
1.The introduction to China’s satellite launch centres.
2.It values international cooperation in space exploration.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.crowds 2.appeals to 3.enjoy life 4.brings into focus 5.human nature 6.Type T 7.be connected 8.up to you
第二步
1－6 CDBACB
第三步
1.（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2.（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3.（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步
1.Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2.I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature.
第五步
1.定语 插入语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
2.主语 结果状语
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
3.补足语 宾语 时间状语
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①of ②with ③crowding into
2.①on/upon ②was brought ③focus on/upon
3.①down ②around ③It turns out that
4.①in ②on ③figure out
5.①to say ②to solve ③at the first attempt
6.①result in ②resulted from ③As a result ④as a result of
7.①failure ②to go ③Words failed their mother
8.①支持 ②容忍，忍受 ③stands out
重点句型解构
①only to find ②making it the most popular one
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
过去将来时 would do was going to do 过去进行时
即时演练
①would be ②to go ③was starting ④would buy； got
⑤to be built
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①that ②unaware ③of
④to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans
2.①guidance ②through ③Guided by a local guide
3.①injured ②injury ③gave first aid to the injured
4.①out ②at full stretch
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.weight 2.a nut 3.another air 4.wrinkled 5.solar rays
6.vibration 7.in broad daylight
第二步
1－5 CABDA
第三步
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步
1.I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard conditions.
2.Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views underwater.
第五步
1.省略 they were 宾语
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
2.非限制性定语
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
3.非限制性定语 限制性定语 vibration
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
4.时间状语 宾语 方式状语
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①the ②of ③taken charge of； was charged with； in charge of
2.①of ②ahead ③ahead of time/schedule
3.①permitting ②playing ③permission ④permit me to bring
4.①to ②relation ③to ④relates to the situation
5.①Astonished ②to learn ③astonishing
④It astonished me that
6.①herself ②from ③is distinguished as
7.①surroundings ②with ③was surrounded by
重点句型解构
1.①Breakfast over ②All the e-mails answered；
With all the e-mails answered
2.①came the beautiful song ②sat an old man
③Such is our lively city ④Lucky is she
3.①had done something very clever ②it happened yesterday
③as if he was criticised by the teacher；
as if criticised by the teacher
Section Ⅳ Writing about a diving experience
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.It was a day of pure magic.
2.I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
3.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.
4.What impressed me most was the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer.
5.All kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.
6.However，some creatures such as sharks were very dangerous， so I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
7.From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
三、1.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.
2.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
四、
16 June Sunday
It was a day of pure magic. I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Fascinated by the beautiful street lights，Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.
2.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.
3.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.
4.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.
5.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.
6.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.
7.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.
8.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
二、
Fascinated by the beautiful street lights， Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.initial 2.confirm 3.crowd 4.attempt 5.unaware
6.guideline 7.liquid 8.servant 9.charge 10.ahead
11.chapter 12.resident
Ⅰ.1.initial 2.crowd 3.chapter 4.charge 5.unaware
二、1.failure 2.injury 3.permit 4.relate 5.astonish
6.surround 7.consume 8.depth 9.broad
Ⅱ.1.injury 2.relation 3.permission 4.astonished 5.failure
三、1.focus on 2.figure out 3.refer to ...as ... 4.stand for
5.in charge 6.in search of 7.look back upon/on
8.leave an impression upon/on 9.account for 10.in broad daylight 11.succeed in doing sth 12.bring ... into focus
Ⅲ.1.in search of 2.focused on 3.account for
4.left an impression upon/on 5.in charge 6.figure out
四、1.marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas
2.where they meet the man in charge
3.one of his men following some steps behind
4.was the calm surface of the sea
5.as if I was in broad daylight
Ⅳ.1.causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries
2.where they can gain experience for growth
3.her eyes flooded with/full of tears
4.stands the Great Wall
5.as if he had lived in the UK for many years
UNIT 6 Disaster and hope
单元话题导入
1.The terrible wind.
2.It’s important to protect the environment.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.30 plus 2.air conditioning 3.higher 4.his flat 5.boat
6.the top floor 7.swim 8.natural disasters
第二步
1－5 ACDCD
第三步
1.（1）I suddenly feel a bit scared.
（2）I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
（3）News like this makes me feel nervous.
（4）Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart， I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.
（5）Well， maybe I have been worrying too much.
2.（1）Sure enough， going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.（simile）
（2）I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one！ （hyperbole）
3.Because there’s no air conditioning， the temperature inside the train can reach 35 degrees！
第四步
1.I agree with the author.Because climate in the world is closely related to our living environment.
2.I think climate change will affect my life in the future.I should do what I can to protect environment to slow down climate change.
第五步
1.主语 表语 定语 volcano
果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
2.时间状语 后置定语 宾语 宾语
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
3.原因状语 形式主语 真正的主语 宾语
既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①好转 ②接（人） ③学会 ④接收
⑤helped me pick out the book
2.①约定时间 ②准时到达 ③渡过难关 ④made it
3.①immediate ②immediately ③the moment/instant/second/minute he saw it； on seeing it； as soon as he saw it
4.①getting ②through ③looked up
5.①occurred ②to ③to turn
④It occurred to Mother that； It hit/struck Mother that
6.①announcement ②to ③It was announced that
7.①After all ②first of all ③All in all
重点句型解构
①Up to now/Until now； have been held
②Now that the Internet is becoming increasingly popular
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.简单句中 line
2.并列句中 it is
3.状语从句 you are
4.定语从句 who/whom/that
5.动词不定式 to forecast the weather
6.宾语从句 that
7.感叹句 it is
即时演练1
①You ②It ③them/the dishes ④Is there
即时演练2
①others后的study ②but后的he
③he didn’t come to school
即时演练3
①walking ②donated ③If so ④in Guangzhou
即时演练4
①which ②that
③why后的she didn’t go to school yesterday
即时演练5
①② ③④
即时演练6
①I’m afraid not ②I think so
即时演练7
①at ②on ③in
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①cheating ②to offer/offering ③reliable
④rely on it that
2.①to ②from ③Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins and were in crisis.
3.①to help ②to have seen ③It is claimed that
4.①threatening ②under ③threatened to call the police
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.flew off 2.nowhere 3.helicopter 4.bad 5.good side 6.looking up at 7.hope 8.faraway 9.come back 10.reminders
第二步
1－6 BCCADD
第三步
（1）I was so frightened that I just froze.
（2）At first， I was pleased we could stay at home， but soon it got really tough.
（3）We were so happy to take him with us， although then， none of us knew that we wouldn’t be back for quite a while.
第四步
We can do what we can and try to call on people to donate money or things to help the local people in need.
第五步
1.宾语 让步状语
不过妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事情好的一面。
2.让步状语 宾语
我们都很高兴能带上它，不过那时我们都没料到这一去就很久都回不来。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①除此以外 ②亦 ③or otherwise
2.①from ②under ③from ④shelter from the rain
重点句型解构
①had just covered three miles when ②was about to give up when； was on the point of giving up when
Section Ⅳ Writing safety guidelines
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.
2.The following tips may be helpful to you.
3.You should keep calm.
4.You can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
5.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.
6.While you are getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
7.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.
8.When you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.
9.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
10.Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
三、1.You should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
2.While getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
四、
Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.The following tips may be helpful to you.
Firstly， you should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.Secondly， cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.Thirdly， while getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.Last but not least， when you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.
2.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.
3.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.
4.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.”
5.When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
二、
With a heavy heart， Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely， Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.disaster 2.plus 3.forecast 4.grab 5.rescue
6.claim 7.crisis 8.satellite 9.otherwise 10.property
11.shelter
Ⅰ.1.disasters 2.rescued 3.claimed 4.Otherwise 5.shelter
二、1.erupt 2.immediately 3.announcement
4.emergency 5.precisely 6.threat 7.sufficient
Ⅱ.1.eruption 2.announcement 3.emergencies
4.immediately 5.sufficiency
三、1.pick up 2.turn into 3.make it 4.look through
5.after all 6.up and down 7.result in/lead to 8.fly off
9.all of a sudden 10.keep on （doing sth） 11.have yet to
Ⅲ.1.All of a sudden 2.looked through 3.After all
4.picked up 5.up and down 6.kept on
四、1.It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines
2.Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth
3.I was sitting in my room； when
4.the moment the storm hit
5.whatever happens
6.to look up at the stars of New Orleans
Ⅳ.1.It is natural that
2.Now that you badly want to lose weight
3.was reviewing my history notes when
4.the moment she heard the news
5.Whatever you meet with in the future
6.to reach her target weight
1 / 3Section Ⅳ Writing an experiment report
Step 1 品教材范文 Step 2 析写作手法
The experiment is designed to prove whether air pressure really exists. At the beginning of the experiment， I prepared the materials， including a boiled egg， a glass bottle whose neck is a bit smaller than the egg and some hot water.With all the things prepared， the experiment began. First， I removed the shell of the egg.Then， I carefully poured some hot water into the bottle， and shook the bottle gently.After a few minutes， I poured out the hot water.Just at the same time， I quickly placed the egg on top of the bottle.To my amazement， the egg squeezed into the bottle at once. After the experiment， I can draw the conclusion that air pressure indeed exists， and it is very powerful.It is the force of the air that pushed the egg into the bottle. 学语言： 1.使用动词短语be designed to，表明了实验目的。 2.使用介词including，列举了实验所准备的材料。 3.使用with复合结构，对做实验前的准备工作做了总结。 4.使用first， then， after a few minutes， just at the same time，使实验步骤一目了然。 5.使用强调句，突出实验所得出的结论。 学结构： Introduction：introduce the aim of the experiment.→Main body：describe the materials used in the experiment and explain the procedure.→Conclusion：report the results and what you have learnt.
Step 3 背出彩佳句
1.描写实验目的
（1）...carry out an experiment to find out ...
（2）The aim of the experiment is to find ...
（3）...with the purpose of discovering ...
2.描写实验器材
（1）To carry out/do/perform the experiment， you need ...
（2）The following things are needed ...
（3）The following apparatus is used ...
3.描写实验方法或步骤
（1）...make good preparations for ...
（2）It is important that ...
（3）...do the experiment as follows.
（firstly， secondly， thirdly， finally； first， then， next， after that， two hours’ later； after several days）
（4）find a better way of doing ...
（5）...make a good study of ...
4.描写实验结果和结论
（1）From this experiment we can conclude ...
（2）...draw/come to the conclusion that ...
（3）We can learn from the experiment that ...
（4）We can find out that ...
（5）You can see/discover ...
（6）In conclusion ...
假定你是李华，请你根据下面表格中的内容写一篇实验报告。
实验目的 查明铝（aluminium）在空气中加热后重量是否会发生变化
实验器材 铝片，本生灯（Bunsen burner），天平，坩埚（crucible），坩埚钳（tongs）
实验步骤 1.把铝片放在坩埚里，然后放在天平上称重； 2.点燃本生灯，将盛有铝片的坩埚移到本生灯上，加热三分钟； 3.再称坩埚和铝片的重量
实验结果 比加热前略重些
实验结论 铝在空气中加热后，重量会发生变化
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁 实验报告
确定时态和人称 一般过去时为主；第三人称为主
布局文章架构 第一段：实验的目的和器材； 第二段：实验步骤； 第三段：实验结果和结论
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1.我们今天做了一个实验。实验的目的是找出铝加热后重量是否有变化。
2.为了进行实验，我们准备了以下器材：铝片、本生灯、天平、坩埚和坩埚钳。
3.步骤如下。
4.首先，我们把一片铝放在坩埚里。
5.然后我们把坩埚放在天平上称了称。
6.在那之后，我们把盛着铝的坩埚放在本生灯火焰上。
7.最后，我们把坩埚和里面的铝放在天平上，再称一称。
8.我们发现它比之前重了一点。
9.实验过后，我们得出结论：铝加热时重量有变化。
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1.用定语从句改写要点1。
2.用同位语从句改写要点9。
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
人物描写 capable adj.有能力的 never say never 别轻易说决不 brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的 biologist n.生物学家
动作描写 shoot v.射出（光线等），放射；拍摄 injure v.使受伤，弄伤
环境描写 species n.物种 battery n.电池 compass n.指南针，罗盘 flash n.闪光 stuff n.东西，物品
一、翻译句子
1.生物学家蒂姆对在森林中发现的稀有物种感到兴奋和惊讶，他沉浸在拍摄它们的照片中。
2.当他的手机电池没电时，他才意识到自己在森林中迷路了。
3.没有指南针和地图，他以为自己不能走出去。
4.他被绊倒了，弄伤了腿。
5.经过无数次的尝试和失败，他看到了主干道上的闪光。
6.在那一刻，他激动得无法形容。
7.他自言自语地说：“为了求生带足物品是很重要的。”
二、连句成篇
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ
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