【培优方案】UNIT 3　War and peace（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）外研英语选择性必修第三册

课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Face values
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.self-critical　2.dormitories　3.pills　4.overlooked
5.misjudged　6.bothered　7.boosted　8.pretended
维度二
1.acknowledgement　2.identically　3.skinny　4.enlarge
维度三
1.that’s why people respect him
2.boost my confidence
3.but other people
4.a desire for success
5.tend to be shy
6.has been burying himself in his research work
维度四
1.addicted　2.editing　3.boosts　4.of　5.totally
6.personalities　7.a　8.bothered　9.Although
10.more beautiful
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段前三句可知，因为胎记的特殊性，作者每隔一年都要进行手术，因此这给作者带来了一些麻烦。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often可推知，表妹的奶奶让表妹多穿长袖衣服是为了挡住胎记，因为胎记太明显了。由此可知，画线词prominent表示“明显的”。apparent明显的；graceful优美的；harmful有害的；impressive给人印象深刻的。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的She’s never tried to hide her birthmark or change her appearance.It really inspires me.可知，作者的表妹没有故意隐藏胎记，说明她很自信，不惧别人的目光，她的这份自信鼓舞了作者。
4.C　推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。由此推知，本文教育人们要学会接受自我。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身经历，告诉读者：人不可貌相。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，David一直鼓励、陪伴作者，并耐心教他滑雪动作，让他度过了愉快的一天。由此可知，David是个很有耐心且关心他人的人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I see a lonely person longing for a friendly hello可知，这位女士内心深处很渴望得到他人的认可和接纳。
7.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的Most people ...as an “old lady” with nothing much to do and less to offer.可知，人们匆匆从她身边走过，认为她是个没什么用处和价值的老人。
8.D　推理判断题。根据作者所列举的三个亲身经历的事例以及最后一段中的It’s the inner self that we need to embrace.可推知，作者告诉读者：不要以貌取人，要去体会每个人丰富的内在。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国遗产专家的一项发现：17世纪的贵族女性戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像画曾被修复者修改以增强其美貌特征，这暗示了现代审美标准可能并非如我们所想的那样现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，专家发现修复者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了修改，这表明现代审美标准并非如我们所想的那样现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。由此可推知，专家的发现表明过去的审美标准可能在现代会得到重复。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，后来的修复者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了改动，包括增大嘴唇尺寸和降低发际线以减小额头大小。由此可推知，原始画像并未完全满足修复者对于美的期望。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They also surprisedly found the artist’s signature， and a date that had been signed in the portrait’s curtain suggesting it was finished in 1634 and not 1638 as previously thought.可知，保护工作意外地发现了该画像完成于1634年而不是先前认为的1638年。
12.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，现在的艺术品保护工作有着更多的伦理规范，必须尽量减少对作品的修补，以公正地向世人展示艺术品原有的面貌。这说明她认为艺术保护工作需要考虑伦理因素。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三条改变消极思维的建议。
13.F　根据Catch your thoughts可知，本段主要讲述的是了解你的想法。F项指出了解自己想法的第一步就是要意识到自己想什么，符合语境。
14.A　根据下文The more you resist something， the more you attract it towards you.If you imagine the worst that could happen and accept that， then the reality of what is actually happening isn’t so bad after all.可知，本段介绍了抵制消极思维的弊端和接受糟糕的事情的益处。A项（接受和改变）涵盖了本段内容，符合语境。
15.G　空前一句强调想象最坏的情况并接受它。G项承接上文，指出以现实和乐观的态度处理并接受事情的结果，符合语境。
16.D　根据so when you focus on what is good， the negative thoughts will have to take a back seat可知，此处强调把注意力集中在好的方面时，消极的想法就会被抛到脑后。D项（同时有两种相反的想法是很难的）引起下文，符合语境。
17.B　根据空后一句可知，我们常常忽视我们认为理所应当的事，对这些事情我们缺少感恩。故B项（感激一切）承接上文，符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.That mathematics is the base for other sciences
2.What she lacks in an era of technological advances
3.Who will take the place of Mr Smith
4.How you get there
5.It never occurred to me
6.It still remains to be a question
维度二
1.When Jack gets home after school
2.It doesn’t matter whether/if you have lived there
3.Whoever takes interest in the picture
4.It is believed that
5.It seems that
维度三
1.that　2.what　3.how　4.that 　5.that　6.Whoever
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，文章想要传达的信息是坚守本根。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一印象的重要性。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In fact， most people make up their minds about other people in the first five minutes or less when meeting them.可知，人们很快就会做出是否喜欢这个人的判断。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，你要做功课来收集信息并研究所有可能出现的问题，这样，万一另一方提出一些出乎意料的问题，你将会知道如何解决。由此可知，根据作者的观点，尽可能多地了解情况可能有助于面试。
7.B　推理判断题。文章开头讲述了第一印象的重要性，文章最后一段最后一句强调即使有优秀的学历和杰出的工作表现，求职申请人也需要留下良好的第一印象。由此可知，下文应该会更详细地介绍一些给别人留下良好的第一印象的实用建议。
8.D　主旨大意题。文章主要讲了第一印象的重要性，它很大程度上决定了人们是否喜欢你、是否决定帮助你，结合第二段中的You need to make a good impression on others to ensure they like you and give you what you want.可知，本文主要讲述了要给人留下良好的第一印象。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Bryant研究发现，尽管各国人民的能力各不相同，但是世界各地的人们都可以通过声音中的微小差异来识别真笑和假笑。文章还介绍了真笑和假笑分别具备的特点。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，研究表明，尽管各国人民的能力各不相同，但世界各地的人们都能辨别出真正的笑声。由此可知，研究发现了人们可以分辨出真笑和假笑。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的because they rely heavily on emotional engagement in order to predict others’ behavior and create stronger social relationships可知，Samoan的居民能准确识别自然的笑声是因为他们把很多情感放在了解别人上。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在真正的笑声中，我们会产生高音调和音量，以及没有清晰声音的快速爆发。由此可知，自然的笑声通常以高音量为特征。
12.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，布莱恩进一步解释说：“有了这个语音系统，你可以发出很多不同的声音，包括哭泣、大笑或尖叫。这就是假笑的由来。”由此可知，假笑系统可以使人产生各种各样的噪音。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了社交媒体滤镜让改变外貌变得轻而易举，但也带来了对女性外貌不切实际的期望。Katia通过发布视频，展示了自己真实而不完美的面容，引发了人们的关注和感谢。
13.B　根据文章首句可知，社交媒体让用滤镜改变外貌变得很容易，所以当你迫切需要录制视频且状态不佳时，滤镜就能派上用场。come in handy派上用场。needy需要帮助的；handy有用的，方便的；fashionable时尚的；surprising令人惊讶的。
14.A　上文提到人们用滤镜来改变外貌的现象，所以有很多关于滤镜使用的讨论。use使用；fix修理；production生产；appearance外观。
15.A　因滤镜可以改变外貌，让女性变得不真实，所以会让人们对女性的容貌产生不切实际的期望。place以某种态度对待（或看待）；force强迫；show显示；look看。
16.C　根据下文to prove that可知，一位女士承担责任揭下滤镜来证明。pull off靠边停车；put off推迟；peel off剥去，揭掉；come off脱落。
17.D　根据语境可知，她的脸实际上不是戴上滤镜的样子。副词actually用于引出真实情况。sharply尖锐地；sincerely真诚地；eventually最终；actually实际上。
18.A　根据上文可知，使用Bold Glamour滤镜后的脸与真实的脸不一样了，所以会让人们怀疑对自己脸的感知。perception感知；attention注意；recognition识别；attraction吸引。
19.D　滤镜让人产生怀疑，说明对比太不真实，不敢相信。unexpected意外的；unfamiliar不熟悉的；uncertain不确定的；unreal不真实的。
20.D　根据下文She puts on another可知，Katia还用了其他滤镜做演示，并没有止于Bold Glamour。experiment做试验；continue继续；agree同意；stop停止，结束。
21.C　根据下文revealing an inflamed and imperfect facef可知，Katia去掉了妆容，露出真实的脸。wear穿着；apply应用；remove去掉；hate讨厌。
22.B　根据下文可知，这是人们对Katia的评论。flat公寓；comment评论；spot地点；face脸。
23.B　根据上文this message is so important可知，评论者认为Katia传递了重要信息，感谢提醒。article文章；reminder提醒；costume服装；poster海报。
24.B　根据常识可知，在现实生活中，我们都有不完美之处。beauty美丽；imperfection不完美；question问题；suggestion建议。
25.D　Katia关滤镜、卸妆，展示了不完美的真实自己，这是一种诚实。此处意为“作为一个成熟的女人，我很欣赏你的诚实”。effort努力；interest兴趣；skill技能；honesty诚实。
26.A　根据上文do harm to people’s self esteem和下文to something that’s not real可推知，把自己和滤镜后不真实的形象进行比较，会让人感到自卑，伤害自尊。compare比较；addict上瘾；put放置；throw扔。
27.C　根据上文可知，Katia通过勇敢展示真实的自己，揭开了社交媒体的帷幕，让人们看到了真实的自己，看清了现实。pull back the curtain指“拉开窗帘或帷幕，揭示事物真相或隐藏的部分”。wall墙；board木板；curtain帷幕；floor地板。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个假肢，但是不好用，后来作者重新装了一只机械手后一切都改变了。
28.lost　考查动词的时态。空处为After引导的时间状语从句的谓语，根据时间状语two years ago可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填lost。
29.believing　考查非谓语动词。本句为主从复合句，After引导时间状语从句，主句中已有谓语动词began，此处应用非谓语动词。动词believe和其逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填believing。
30.was equipped　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was equipped。
31.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，故填which。
32.however　考查副词。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用副词，故填however。
33.amazingly　考查词形转换。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
34.used　考查非谓语动词。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词use和宾语special rubber是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填used。
35.hobbies　考查名词复数。hobby意为“业余爱好”，为可数名词，根据空前的all可知，此处应用复数形式，故填hobbies。
36.since　考查连词。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，故填since。
37.more confident　考查形容词的比较级。根据do more并结合语境可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填more confident。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.defects　2.immense　3.heartbreaking　4.repay
5.profound　6.kidnapped　7.compassion　8.motive
9.resembled　10.accent
维度二
1.novelist　2.graceful　3.comprehension　4.expression　5.tenderness
维度三
1.adjust to
2.was sentenced to death
3.out of mercy
4.attempt to climb
5.Fascinated by
6.never have we been more connected
维度四
1.be formed　2.However　3.to break　4.whether
5.awareness　6.neither　7.explanation　8.unfortunate
9.remembered　10.swam
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！可知，在作者13岁被诊断出视力障碍之前，没有人意识到她的视力很差。
2.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and salt！可知，作者总是弄混糖和盐，因此她是不擅长烹饪的。由此推知，forte意为“长处”，与strength意思相近。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I could change nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I relied on touch to work out where things were.可知，虽然作者视力不好，但是可以为孩子们换尿布以及穿衣服，因此是可以帮忙照顾孩子的。
4.D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者虽然有严重的视力障碍，但是这没有成为她生活的阻碍，她乐观地继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽，视力问题不妨碍她用心去体验生命。由此可知，作者的故事告诉我们，每个人都可以用积极的心态享受生命的美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，朱莉娅想让人们尤其是她的学生们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知，朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，学生们对这个实验反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”，即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的。
7.C　段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。
8.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入更有意义、更有价值的事情上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械手臂的效率。
9.B　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段介绍了触觉的重要性。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段最后一句可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到物体。
11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段Robert Gaunt说的话可推知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。
12.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项生物科学技术成果，给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者的操作效率。因此D项（触觉改善机械臂的控制）最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
13.B　根据下文The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.可知，空处应为一般疑问句，B项（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力吗？）与下文衔接恰当。
14.C　根据上文How should we deal with this？可知，C项（有一个非常简单的工具：你的微笑）可以为这个问题给出具体的解决方法，同时衔接空后一句，说明微笑的好处。
15.F　下文具体介绍是友不是敌的信号表达，F项（我们的大脑会审视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号）可以和下文衔接恰当。
16.D　根据上文In other words， you should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.可知，D项（相反，你需要表现出对他们的兴趣）可以衔接上文，说明正确的做法是要关注对方。
17.A　根据上文And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most British of topics： the weather.可知，A项（这是一个很好的开始）可以承接上文，说明谈论天气是打开话题的好方法。
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a literary work
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是个身材肥胖的学生，怕被别人嘲笑，他想成为运动型的人；但父亲告诉作者应该把肥胖看作自己的优点，这样可以做更多有意义的事情。作者回想起父亲的话，感触颇多，十分感谢父亲的鼓励。
1.B　根据常识可知，在人们的印象中，肥胖的、有点笨的孩子容易被人嘲笑。impression印象。
2.B　参见上题解析。
3.A　根据下文的in all the sports可知，作者决心变成一个运动型的人。athletic运动的。
4.D　上文说作者要成为一个运动型的人，由此可知，此处表示作者要进行运动。play sports“做运动”，为固定搭配。
5.D　根据下文throughout high school可知，作者参加了一个交际舞班，一直坚持到高中毕业。follow跟随，遵循。
6.C　根据下文but his death可知，作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世了。
7.C　根据上文可知，因为作者父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世了，所以这16个月对作者来说很艰难。tough艰难的。
8.D　根据下文That advice he gave me now comes back so vividly可知，父亲生前对作者说的话让作者感触颇多，对作者有影响，所以父亲去世后作者对自己的体型有了新的认识。light （理解某人或某物的）方式，角度。
9.C　根据下文and he told me可知，作者和父亲曾经聊了很久。
10.B　根据下文that I should use it可知，作者的父亲认为肥胖是上天给作者的礼物，作者应该好好地使用它。
11.C　根据下文I know that my size will 　14　 me to achieve many positive things可知，作者的父亲建议作者充分发挥自己的潜能，这样可以做更多积极的事情。potential潜能。
12.D　根据下文and hold my head up high可知，父亲让作者昂起头来。由此可知，父亲让作者以自己为骄傲。take pride in以……为骄傲。
13.A　上文提到作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世，所以此处指作者父亲的建议在作者的记忆中历历在目。
14.B　根据下文achieve many positive things和上文描述可知，因为作者以自己的身材为骄傲，所以作者认为自己的身材可以让自己能够实现很多积极的事情。enable使能够。
15.C　根据倒数第二段内容可知，父亲的话给了作者鼓励，所以此处指作者想起父亲对他说的话。
Ⅱ.
　　In an English class discussion about the beauty filter function on smartphones， diverse opinions emerged among us.
　　Some argue that the beauty filter enhances one’s appearance and boosts one’s self-confidence.However， others think that excessive use of beauty filters can develop unrealistic beauty standards and distort people’s perception of their own natural beauty.
　　As far as I’m concerned， while beauty filters can be fun to use occasionally， it’s crucial to recognize that true beauty lies in embracing our distinctive features.By celebrating our individuality， we can cultivate a genuine sense of self-confidence that radiates from within.
Ⅲ.
　　The girl became silent and fell into thought.She asked herself，“When adversity knocks on my door， how do I respond？ Am I a carrot， an egg or a coffee bean？” She hesitated for a moment， and then had an answer in mind.She didn’t want to be the carrots that were easily defeated.She decided that she would learn from the eggs to have a hardened heart after experiencing hardship.More importantly， she was determined to become the coffee beans to change the hot water.She started to believe that she was able to overcome all the difficulties and finally got success.
　　The girl changed completely from then on.She became strong and brave and didn’t give up easily.She began to face life with a positive attitude.No matter what problems she came across， she would always remember the lesson her mother had taught her.She knew that more difficulties would only make her stronger， and after having overcoming them， she could change them into something nice.Finally， after accepting many challenges， she was able to live the life she wanted.
UNIT 2　A life’s work
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.fascination　2.faraway　3.celebrities　4.grocery　5.craft
6.posed
维度二
1.fascination　2.fashionable　3.uncomplicated　4.devotion
5.grocery　6.anthropologist
维度三
1.rather than
2.nothing more than
3.devotion to
4.no matter how much you may disagree with them
5.a wide range of events
6.It was with your help that
维度四
1.most important　2.inspiration　3.that　4.were wearing　5.belonged　6.brands　7.what　8.offered　9.focused　10.for
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残疾人Sadaf不顾他人的质疑用行动证明自己的励志故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away.可知，Sadaf的父亲是她的支柱，是唯一一个支持鼓励她的人，因此父亲的去世让她失去了精神支柱。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第六段中的By now， I’ve realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself.以及第七段中的But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I decided to play basketball as well.可知，Sadaf试着打篮球是为了证明自己。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第七至九段可知，Sadaf虽然残疾，但是她开店、打篮球、做生意，非常能干，而且在别人的质疑中勇敢地证明自己的能力。因此用“有决心，有能力”描述Sadaf最好。
4.B　推理判断题。根据Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段内容可推知，她建议人们要去证明自己的能力，而不要让残疾限制自己。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了面塑手艺人康健机缘巧合下与面塑结下不解之缘，开始他的非遗传承之路的故事。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The small， simple objects ...and planted the seeds of fine art， especially sculpture， in my heart.可知，康健儿时捏面团的经历激发了他后来学习面塑的兴趣。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的learning skills from Bai Chunyu和another national-level inheritor 可知，康健利用业余时间抓住机会，向其他面塑传承人学习面塑技艺。
7.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的I practiced every day from 6 am until late at night ...to relieve the pain.But all the efforts turned out to be worth it.可推知，康健觉得自己学习面塑的过程虽然很辛苦但很值得做。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的the real value ...lies in its connection with traditional Chinese culture可知，康健认为将面塑做成中国传统民间故事中的形象有助于中国文化的表达和传播。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系，并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推知，他们认为通过个性测试来选择职业是不合理的。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the results are probably a lot more accurate than I’d like to admit以及I think it might have had some points that fit my personality可知，作者认为该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，想要寻找到梦想的工作，只能通过自己，只有了解了自己，才能找到适合自己的工作。
12.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，这名学生晕船严重，因而不适合这项工作。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在科学领域，很多突破源于幸运的意外，有时源于科学家的不断追求和不放弃。作者得出结论：只有当社会愿意投资于这些梦想家并且认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破时，才有可能获得改变世界的科学突破。
13.E　根据第一段第二至三句可知，获得改变世界的科学突破需要什么呢？有些是幸运的意外加上好奇心的结果。E项（其他重大突破源于科学家对特定想法的追求）与第一段相呼应，符合语境。
14.F　本段主要讲科学家对特定想法的追求可能会取得改变世界的科学突破，所以在讲完科学家对特定想法的追求可能产生的不良结果后，还需说明可能产生的有价值的结果（这是重点）。F项（但有时这条路会带来重大突破，如X光和疫苗）与上句构成转折关系，与前面“一无所获”的结果相反，符合语境。
15.D　上文介绍了弗莱明发现青霉素，卡里科使所有mRNA疫苗成为可能，通过实现自己的梦想，这些科学家获得了名利和更宝贵的东西。D项（因为他们，全世界数百万人避免了生病或死亡）符合语境。
16.B　空前一句谈到：对许多科学家来说，痴迷于一个不太可能实现的梦并没有得到回报，空后两句谈到：结果是大自然并不会像他们预测的那样运转。最终，他们美好的理论被残酷的事实扼杀。B项（他们的想法虽然很棒，但最终被证明是错误的）与上下文关系密切，符合语境。
17.G　根据空前一句可知，归根结底，只有社会愿意投资于梦想家，认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破，科学突破才有可能实现；根据空后一句可知，最重要的是，投资可以防止痛苦和死亡，并改变世界。G项（然而，带来突破的投资会带来更大的经济回报）符合语境，与空前一句形成转折，同时，与下文形成递进关系。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.where　2.why　3.that　4.whose　5.where　6.what
7.when　8.whether　9.because
维度二
1.where my strength lies
2.why my parents were/got angry with me
3.that they have all suffered a lot
4.because they are too tired
5.who can be sent there
6.as if/though it is missing something
维度三
1.that　2.whether　3.that　4.what　5.that　6.where
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身残志坚的Gregory Burns的励志故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio（小儿麻痹症） as a child.可知，Gregory Burns是一个取得很多成就的人。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled.可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人。由此可推断出，Burns是一个有决心的人。
4.D　推理判断题。从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道：只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你有残疾，也不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步。因此“世界会给那些有目标的人让路”是我们可以从Burns身上学到的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹。
5.B　词义猜测题。第二段列举了Isaac Newton的两个实验，在第一个实验中，为了测试光线如何穿过透镜，他把一根长针插进眼睛，推到后面，然后移动它，看看会发生什么，结果是Luckily， nothing long-lasting did.。在第二个实验中，他久久地盯着太阳，想看看这对他的视力有什么影响，根据画线词所在句可知，Isaac Newton不得不在一间黑暗的房间里待上几天，直到他的眼睛恢复，说明他的眼睛避免了遭受永久性的伤害。结合本句中的Again可知，permanent与上文中的long-lasting对应，意为“永久的”。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，他是一位非常聪明的科学家，但他的一个缺点是有一个好奇的习惯，即对他所研究的每一种物质都要尝一些。这种危险的做法终于产生了问题。1786年，他被发现死在实验室里，周围有大量的危险化学品，任何一种化学品都有可能导致他的死亡。由此可推测，Carl Scheele喜欢品尝化学物质的习惯可能是他死亡的原因。
7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的While driving in the Tanami desert， normally one of the emptiest places in the world， another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.可知，当Shoemaker和他的妻子在塔纳米沙漠开车时，另一辆车撞上了他们，Shoemaker当场死亡。
8.C　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹，即三位伟大的科学家为真理所作出的牺牲。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从亓昊楠的视角介绍了故宫古钟表修复工作。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的What amazes me most about these clocks is that they combine the scientific advances， technological precision and the trend in decorative art of their particular era.可知，这些古钟表多领域技术的结合让亓昊楠印象深刻。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的He notes that the job requires extreme patience ...and， in this case， haste can do a great deal of damage.可知，古钟表的维修工作需要极大的耐心，修得快则有可能造成很大的损害。由此推知，提到More haste， less speed是为了说明修古钟表需要的品质——耐心、细致。
11.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Masters in the Forbidden City， brought the profession into the national consciousness ...As a result， in 2017， Qi got two apprentices （学徒） and Wang got three.可知，这个电视纪录片为人们揭开了这项工作的神秘面纱，让更多的人了解了这项工作并参与其中。因此Masters in the Forbidden City揭露了鲜为人知的职业——古钟表修复。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，亓昊楠认为随着关注度的提升，古钟表修复的未来是光明的。promising前景很好的；unpredictable不可预测的；declining越来越少的；stable稳定的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过反复被拒的Joe坚持不懈并最终实现目标的故事告诉人们：被拒绝并不总是痛苦的，通往最终目标的道路有很多，但有时经受的拒绝可能是通向目标的更加确定的道路。
13.C　根据上文Rejection doesn’t always hurt.可知，拒绝并不总是痛苦的，有时候拒绝会创造出一条通往目标的更加确定的路。follow跟随；lead带领；create创造；clear清除。
14.B　根据语境可知，粉丝们一直很期待Joe在本赛季季后赛中的表现。study学习；perform履行，表演，表现；train训练，培训；join参加。
15.D　but表示转折，上文说Joe梦想在NFL打球，所以这里是说他通往NFL的旅程并不容易。tough艰难的；fun有趣的；attractive吸引人的；easy容易的，轻易的。
16.A　but表示转折，上文说他申请了好几所大学，根据空前的none可知，没有一所大学录取他。accept接受；remember记得；reject拒绝；ignore忽视。
17.A　根据上文可知，Joe是一名足球运动员。but前后表示转折，上文说他进入了俄亥俄州立大学，所以这里应是说他没有上场比赛的机会，在替补席上坐了三年。bench场边的运动员休息区，替补队员席；stand货摊；team队；stage舞台。
18.C　Joe在替补席上坐了三年却没有上场的机会，这说明教练不看好他，认为他没有潜力。chance机会；resource资源；potential潜力；enthusiasm热情。
19.B　根据上文He applied to several colleges和下文Then he applied to Louisiana State University可知，这里表示他向内布拉斯加州大学提出申请。sign up for报名（参加课程）；apply to向……申请；attend to处理，照料；search for寻找。
20.D　根据空前的the Heisman Trophy可知，他是海兹曼奖的获得者。fan迷，狂热爱好者；adviser顾问，忠告者；learner学习者；winner获胜者。
21.C　根据上文Joe多次遭到拒绝后最终在努力坚持下实现目标的故事并结合常识可知，通向最终目标的道路有许多种，而Joe的这种道路非常艰辛。similar相似的；smooth平滑的，顺利的；multiple数量多的，多种多样的；flat平坦的。
22.B　这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是strong endurance and determination to reach them。这里表达的是通向这些目标需要强大的耐力和决心。cost需付费，价钱为；take需要，要求；make制作；offer主动提出。
23.C　根据第一段中的Sometimes rejection may 　13　a more certain path to our final goals.可知，这里指的是拒绝不能阻止你实现目标。theory理论；training训练；rejection拒绝；excuse借口。
24.A　根据空后的your long-term goals可知，这里表示实现长期目标。achieve实现；plan计划；announce宣告；explain解释。
25.D　根据face it bravely并结合语境可知，要勇敢面对痛苦，就要首先承认痛苦。affect影响；emphasize强调；estimate估计，估价；acknowledge承认，感谢。
26.B　根据上文the pain that comes from disappointment和空后的outcome of being rejected可知，这里指被拒绝的负面结果。active积极的；negative消极的；possible可能的；predictable可预料的。
27.A　结合Joe的故事可知，Joe虽然多次遭到拒绝，但他没有沉浸在受伤之中并放弃目标，而是坚持自己最初的目标，不断申请学校，寻找提升的机会，最终他获得了成功，本文建议要把注意力放在目标上而不是被拒绝的负面结果上，被拒绝的伤害来自我们对它的理解方式，积极看待它或许会获得更好的结果，而消极看待它则会一直沉浸在痛苦之中。interpret诠释，理解；imagine想象；explore探索；escape逃跑。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国中学校长张桂梅的故事。
28.with　考查固定搭配。be honored with获得荣誉。故填with。
29.has seen　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语从句Since it opened in 2008可知，谓语用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has seen。
30.（was） sitting　考查非谓语动词/动词的时态。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词sit是被修饰的名词girl主动发出的动作，所以用动词-ing形式作补语。也可以理解为noticed后面跟宾语从句，空处作从句的谓语动词，表示当时正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，主语是girl，be动词用was。故填（was） sitting。
31.blankly　考查词形转换。修饰动词staring应用副词，故填blankly。
32.to build　考查非谓语动词。persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。故填to build。
33.that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，women drop out of education， marry early and spend 34.　　　　　　 （they） whole lives in the remote mountain解释前面名词spell的内容，是同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，故填that。
34.their　考查代词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词短语whole lives，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
35.was founded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这句话描述的是过去的事情，动词found和主语a free public high school是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是a free public high school，故填was founded。
36.graduates　考查名词复数。名词graduate前面有More than 1，800修饰，所以用复数形式。故填graduates。
37.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。故填which。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.nonetheless　2.precious 　3.polishes 　4.bark
5.preserve 　6.dominated 　7.antiques　8.modest
9.maximum　10.essay
维度二
1.associated　2.analysis　3.architectural　4.dominant
5.restoration 　6.ambitious
维度三
1.originated from
2.day in， day out
3.are associated with
4.at their own pace
5.take on
6.If it hadn’t rained so hard last night
维度四
1.restoring　2.taken　3.as　4.collections　5.originating　6.to　7.most　8.endless　9.that　10.skilful
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖，并介绍了荣获2023年未来科学奖的八名科学家的成就。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段、第五段以及第六段内容可知，八位科学家因为他们对科学的卓越贡献获奖。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的He emphasized that this recognition was not only for himself but also for the team’s years of hard work.可知，根据 Chai 的说法，合作促成了他们的发现。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，他们的研究揭示了高温材料的潜在物理机制，是开创性的。
4.D　写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文是为了介绍2023年被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了印象派代表人物莫奈的成名历程以及他在绘画领域做出的贡献。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It was Monet’s childhood， spent along the beaches and the knowledge he gained of the sea and the rapidly shifting Norman weather that would one day give rise to his fresh vision of nature.可知，莫奈对大自然产生了新的视角是因为三个方面：童年在海边度过、海洋知识和快速变化的诺曼气候，B项是对这三个方面内容的概括。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的perhaps at her suggestion， Claude went to study drawing with a local artist.But his life as a painter did not begin until he was befriended by Eugène Boudin， who introduced Monet to the practice of painting in the open air可知，莫奈跟随一位当地艺术家学画，之后又跟Eugène Boudin进行户外绘画的实践和学习，所以说莫奈是从其他艺术家那里接受教育的。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In order to avoid the Franco-German War， he left his family and traveled to London.可知，为了逃离战争，莫奈去了伦敦。
8.B　段落大意题。根据最后一段中的His influence on other artists was wide-ranging.可知，最后一段主要讲了莫奈对其他艺术家的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者深受父亲影响，对工作坚持不懈并严格要求自己的故事。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He demanded the exact same of himself.Every brick he cleaned on the house stood out like a red jewel in a white setting.可知，作者的父亲在工作中要求很高。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的I moved out of my parent’s modest place into a housing project.Drugs and gang violence were just beginning to damage the projects.可知，住房项目被毒品和帮派暴力所困扰。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was hard， tedious work.可知，作者作库管员时要忍受艰苦和乏味。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者受父亲的影响，对工作坚持不懈，作者也希望后代人都能保持这份传统。因此从作者的工作经历看，坚持不懈的精神可以传递给下一代。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何减少人们对失败的恐惧给出了四个方法。
13.D　上文讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素，下文讲述了失败存在的普遍性，D项（我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况）符合语境。
14.G　根据Analyze all potential outcomes.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，G项（许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知）是对段落主旨的阐释。
15.F　根据Set small goals.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标。结合上文So start by setting a few small goals.可知，该空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F项（这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性）符合语境，对上文的小目标具体解释。
16.B　根据Learn to think more positively.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考。结合上文Every coin has two sides.可知，该空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做，B项（你来决定要看哪一面）符合语境。
17.A　根据下文可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况，A项（看看更糟糕的情况）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Last Friday， our school organized a screening of a documentary， which explores the profound theme of unwavering dedication and mastery in craftsmanship.
　　The documentary focuses on representative craftsmen in different fields， highlighting the significance of commitment and innovation in their work.The audience was fascinated by the intricate details and precision presented in each craft.
　　After the screening， the audience expressed their admiration for the craftsmen and their commitment to their work.Overall， the documentary left a lasting impression， reminding us of the value of craftsmanship and inspiring us to strive for excellence.
Section Ⅳ　Writing an expository essay
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己勇敢选择自己喜欢的事业和人生，并取得成功的故事。
1.B　根据上文I’ve always been creative since I was a little girl.以及下文filled with arts， crafts and music可知，作者从小就很有创造力，童年里每天都做各种创作。learn学习；creation创作；imagination想象力；amusement娱乐，娱乐活动。
2.C　上文与空后的somewhere along the way I lost touch with my creative self为转折关系。besides此外；therefore因此；however然而；otherwise否则。
3.A　根据上文upon graduation可知，作者找到一份工作。land成功得到，捞到（尤指许多人想得到的工作）；desire渴望；shift转移；handle处理，应付。
4.A　根据上文I would go to the office， sit at my desk and repeat the same work.可知，作者觉得这样的日子很无聊。boring令人厌烦的，乏味的；interesting有趣的；rewarding值得做的，报酬高的；challenging富于挑战性的。
5.B　根据下文内容可知，作者决定做出改变，重拾自己小时候的爱好。survey调查；change变化；commitment承诺；preparation准备。
6.C　根据下文As I dreamt bigger， later I 　8　 a part-time design course.I took classes two nights a week.可知，作者去上了社区大学的缝纫课程。teach教；pass 经过；attend参加，上（学）；design设计。
7.C　根据语境可知，这个仅为期五周的课程，唤醒了作者的兴趣。maintain维护；increase增加；awaken唤醒，唤起；protect保护。
8.D　根据下文I took classes two nights a week.可知，作者报名了设计课程。benefit from得益于；try out for参加……选拔；come up with找到（答案），拿出（一笔钱等）；sign up for报名参加。
9.A　根据下文As it became clearer that 　10　 was where my love lay可知，设计课程让作者找到了自己热爱的东西。passion激情，酷爱；recognition承认；curiosity好奇心；innovation创新，改革。
10.C　根据下文working at the company became harder可知，作者意识到自己喜欢时装设计。arts技艺，人文科学；crafts工艺，手艺；fashion时尚，时装业；adventure冒险。
11.D　根据上文I felt bored.可知，作者所做的工作让作者感觉没有动力，没有成就感。promotion晋升，促销；vacation假期；business商业，企业；motivation动力。
12.D　根据空后studying my design course full time可知，作者最终决定辞职，全职学习设计。initially最初；instantly立刻；gradually逐渐地；eventually最终。
13.A　参见上题解析。job工作；dream梦想；interest兴趣；decision决定。
14.B　根据of my own fashion brand可知，作者是自己的时装品牌的设计师。teacher教师；designer设计师；inventor发明家；musician音乐家。
15.B　根据空后setting the wheels of change has led me to where I am today可知，作者对于自己做出改变从事自己热爱的设计行业感到非常幸运。inspired受到启发的，能力卓越的；blessed有福的，幸运的；relieved放心的，宽慰的；impressed有深刻的好印象。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从几个方面介绍了终身学习的重要性。
16.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，本文说明了终身学习的重要性，时态应用一般现在时；主语The answer是单数，故填is。
17.their　考查代词。此处修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词their，指代主语people。
18.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是People，指人，应用关系代词who/that。
19.doctors　考查名词的单复数。此处泛指“医生”，doctor是可数名词，应用名词复数表泛指。故填doctors。
20.to prepare　考查非谓语动词。get sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”。
21.on/upon　考查介词。depend on/upon ...意为“依靠……”，为固定搭配。
22.easily　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词短语take advantage of。
23.healthy　考查形容词。stay相当于系动词be，此处应用形容词，与independent并列。stay healthy意为“保持健康”。
24.how　考查疑问词。此处为“疑问词＋to do”结构，作动词learning的宾语；根据句意可知，表示“如何”，故填疑问词how。
25.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一位91岁的老人”，91-year-old的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
Ⅲ.
　　We started to meet regularly to draw up our panion as I was in the project， I still had no sense of participating in the project.My teammate kept his brain occupied in developing the hypothesis， setting up an experiment to test it， and running the tests alone， leaving me just standing beside him as if I were a fool.“What a dull project it is！” I murmured to myself.However， something changed gradually， as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perception of space meant.Thanks to the intense， fiercely competitive， singularly serious fellow， the whole procedure went smoothly， close to the final stage.
　　One day in the middle of our project， I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. Without any delay， I packed up my schoolbag， took all the experiment statistics and rushed to the hospital.Seeing the pale fellow wearing pure white clothes instead of the annoying dark clothes， I felt a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart.With his guidance， I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings.It turned out to be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade.Now， we have been most reliable cooperative partners ever since！
UNIT 3　War and peace
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.troops　2.commander　3.tanks　4.outstanding
5.liberate　6.Horror　7.violent　8.objective
维度二
1.barely　2.violence　3.liberation　4.horrible　5.memorial
维度三
1.make it
2.is made up of
3.nothing less than
4.prepare for
5.freeing people from
6.some measuring over 90 metres
维度四
1.troops　2.which　3.tides　4.issued　5.to fight
6.violence　7.fiercest　8.it　9.of　10.were seen
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了查尔斯·德鲁找到了处理和储存血液的新方法，还发明了移动献血站，帮助挽救了第二次世界大战期间无数的生命，因此被称为“血库之父”。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在20世纪30年代末，医院面临的问题是无法储存血液。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as ... processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals.可知，德鲁组织了血浆的收集和处理。
3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，这个为期三个月的试点项目成为第一个红十字会血库的模型，德鲁在这个项目中贡献了创新方法。由此可推出，这个试点项目具有开创性。
4.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了查尔斯·德鲁找到了处理和储存血液的新方法，还发明了移动献血站，帮助挽救了第二次世界大战期间无数的生命，因此被称为“血库之父”。由此可推出，B项（血库的发明者）最适合作本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一次世界大战爆发时，25岁的美国士兵Suleyman救了一个女孩，取名Flora。后来Flora被送入孤儿院，两人分开。多年后，两人再次取得了联系。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文of the war， the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed可知，这个女孩被家人抛弃，整个村庄的人都被杀了。由此可知，战争血雨腥风、十分残酷，故画线词意为“残酷”。cruelty残酷；challenge挑战；range范围；stress压力。
6.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的When the French National Olympic Team ...Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.可知，Suleyman观看1984年夏季奥运会是因为Flora可能在看比赛。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable可知，一年半的时间里，Flora和Suleyman形影不离。
8.C　标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文讲述了一个美国士兵在第一次世界大战期间救了一个法国小女孩，两人在一年半的时间里形影不离，后因故分开，最后又取得了联系的故事。由此可知，C项（失而复得的爱）适合作本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和同事们在诺曼底登陆纪念日前夕带领学生开展游学活动，引导学生感悟英勇顽强、奉献牺牲的精神。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，二十多年来，作者都会带学生来到奥马哈海滩开展游学活动。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.可知，作者的父亲在第二次世界大战期间曾执行了30次飞行任务。由此推断，作者的父亲二战期间在空军服役。
11.B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings.以及第六段中的Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both humans and materials.可知，此次战争十分惨烈，美国人作出了巨大的牺牲。由此可知，列数字是为了表明美国人在这次任务中的牺牲。
12.B　推理判断题。根据第六段中的Pandemics，pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.可知，作者认为，年轻一代身处的世界充满挑战，发生了很多重大事件，变故也很多。peaceful和平的；eventful多变故的；fast-changing快速变化的；fully-globalized完全全球化的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。谢瑞·罗森布卢姆致力于宣传犹太游击队员反抗纳粹暴行的历史故事，为当代青少年呈现出不同于以往的历史视角。
13.F　F项提到的the violent act of Nazi camps与该空后一句提到的It was like watching a horror movie.相呼应，指出主人公谢瑞·罗森布卢姆和其他孩子一样受到的战争教育强化了纳粹的暴行和犹太人的软弱，符合语境。
14.D　根据空后一句可知，谢瑞向学生们宣扬犹太人反抗希特勒屠杀计划的历史，D项提到她努力讲述这段历史的不同部分，与上文It was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it相呼应，符合语境。
15.A　根据下文Some partisans were even younger.可知，许多游击队员是年轻人，故A项符合语境。
16.E　根据下文learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish可知，了解这些历史故事让犹太学生产生民族自豪感。因此，分享这些历史故事对犹太学生来说是极有用的，故E项符合语境。
17.G　该空后提到了这些历史给非犹太学生的三个启示，这与G项中的three things相呼应。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.is　2.are　3.was bought　4.are； are　5.was bought
6.was/were　7.has been； are
维度二
1.There are various means
2.is one of my favorite subjects
3.is enough
4.are searching for
5.were having dinner
6.have passed； is really a long time
维度三
1.were　2.were　3.is　4.was　5.is　6.is covered　7.are
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kateryna Shcherbyna为处于战乱、缺粮少食的马匹运送粮草的故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的horses were having trouble getting grain and hay可知，由于战乱导致运输不畅，Shcherbyna 的马匹缺少粮草。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each stable.可知， Shcherbyna打算通过少量多次的办法来运输粮草。
3.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的the only way to be safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible ... There were military actions可推知，Shcherbyna认为一些马的主人放生马匹并逃跑，这在战乱期间是可以理解的选择。
4.C　细节理解题。根据末段中的Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad可知，Shcherbyna未来想要去国外找一份和马有关的工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在这次战役前墨菲已经获得了很多奖。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和As they ran for cover可知，墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句可知，墨菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他才得以幸存。
8.C　推理判断题。根据末段中的Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home.可知，战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了特洛伊战争到底是神话还是真实的历史事件。
9.D　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的内容可知，作者在阅读一本由多位伟大作家翻译的古代故事书时惊讶地发现，特洛伊战争的故事随处可见。众多作家都受到感动，翻译了这则古典神话的各种版本。由此可推知，画线部分指的是特洛伊战争能够“触动很多人的心弦”。
10.A　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，人们相信特洛伊战争是真实发生过的，这一点并不奇怪。由荷马创作的古希腊史诗《伊利亚特》描述了残酷的战争场景，那些描述如此果敢，让人很难相信它们不是基于观察来进行描写的。荷马对特洛伊古城的描述非常生动，仿佛把读者带入了这座古城。由此推知，《伊利亚特》中描述的特洛伊战争故事太过逼真。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was in fact ... the late 19th century.可知，事实上，在19世纪后期，正是因为有发现特洛伊古城的可能性，普鲁士富商海因里希·施里曼才前往希沙里克。
12.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首先介绍了特洛伊战争的故事引起了大家的共鸣，其中一个原因就是一直有人怀疑那场战争是真实发生过的；第二段和第三段介绍了很多人认为特洛伊战争是真实历史事件的原因；最后一段指出，实际情况与荷马描写的情况可能大不相同，但不论事实如何，特洛伊战争都具有特殊的历史意义。因此A项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是一名图书管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
13.A　根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书管理员，热爱书籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识。meeting会面的；working工作上的；personal私人的；religious宗教的。
14.A　根据语境可知，当战争临近时，她担心战火会毁了这些书。worried担心的；angry生气的；doubtful怀疑的；curious好奇的。
15.B　Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，由此可知，书在她心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。practical实际的；precious珍贵的；reliable可信赖的；expensive昂贵的。
16.A　根据下文but they refused可知，想要把书移到一个安全的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。permission准许；confirmation证实；explanation解释；information信息。
17.D　根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书。由此可推断，她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。large大的；public公共的；distant遥远的；safe安全的。
18.D　上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地做转移书的事情。fortunately幸运地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；seriously严肃地；secretly秘密地。
19.D　根据上文Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.可知，她的朋友来帮助她。由此可推断，Anis同意帮助她藏一些书。并且下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐馆里。intend打算；pretend假装；happen发生；agree同意。
20.C　根据语境可知，他们应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。put放；open打开；pass传递；throw扔。
21.A　根据上文Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books.可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。hide藏；exchange交换；burn燃烧；distribute分配。
22.C　根据上文The books stayed hidden可知，书一直藏着，战争一直在持续。approach接近；erupt爆发；continue持续；end结束。
23.B　根据文章最后一句可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。由此可推断，之前的图书馆被烧毁了。restaurant餐馆；library图书馆；city城市；wall墙。
24.B　下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia才有机会去转移书。neighbour邻居；soldier士兵；friend朋友；customer顾客。
25.D　下文提到她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，由此可推断出，此处应该是书被再次移动。sell卖；read读；save拯救；move移动。
26.C　根据上文One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　 left.可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该是安静的。occupied被占领的；bombed烂醉如泥的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的。
27.A　根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以她一定是梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。dream of梦想；believe in相信；care about关心；look for寻找。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部以抗日战争为背景的国产电影《黄河绝恋》。
28.a　考查冠词。story 是可数名词，此处泛指一个关于爱、勇气和决心的故事，且空后powerful的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 a。
29.separated　考查非谓语动词。separate 和 a young couple 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填separated。
30.vividly　考查词形转换。根据空后的动词shows可知，本空应用副词形式。故填vividly。
31.With　考查介词。空处在句中作状语，意为“利用……”。故填With。
32.bravery　考查词形转换。根据空前的定冠词the及空后的of Chinese soldiers可知，本空应用名词 bravery作宾语。
33.to defend　考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式，故填to defend。
34.courageous　考查词形转换。本空修饰名词spirit 作定语，应用形容词courageous，意为“勇往直前的精神”。
35.who　考查定语从句。句中先行词为表示“人”的代词 those，需用 who 引导限制性定语从句。
36.stands　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是the strength of love，且表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
37.has been touching　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语ever since it first appeared on the screen 可知，此处需用现在完成时，另外根据 this influence will surely continue on and on 可知，这种影响将会继续下去，需用进行时态。故填has been touching。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.academic　2.representatives　3.peers　4.bombs
5.anniversary　6.rough　7.grain　8.emerge
维度二
1.collective　2.intellectually　3.academic　4.irrelevant
5.aggression　6.dedication　7.glorious　8.invader
维度三
1.a large sum of money
2.relevant to
3.fought against
4.It is no wonder that
5.Not only do the nurses demand a pay rise
维度四
1.joined　2.known　3.with　4.better　5.by　6.Driven　7.to fight　8.physically　9.talented　10.contribution
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个支持和平的艺术家的经历和感受。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的My trips to Baghdad standing for peace caused huge stress for my family and me.可知，让作者感到有压力的是他对和平的大力支持。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I wanted to create something ...in Hudson’s Hope.可知，作者创作Peace Image的原因是想要创造出一件更为长久的作品。
3.C　观点态度题。根据第四段中的For more than 50 years now，I’ve felt pleased to be able to express myself through my art.可推出，作者对自己的艺术作品是满意的。
4.A　标题归纳题。文章为“总—分—总”结构，第一段点明文章主旨，讲述了作者是一位支持和平的艺术家，再结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了这位艺术家在维护和平方面的经历和感受。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。对于历史事件的考证不能仅凭文字记录，要注重文字记录和实物相互印证，以帮助我们重现真实的历史。
5.A　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，你就不能仅依靠文字。因为文字是人类的后期成果之一，直到最近甚至许多有文字的社会不仅用文字，还用实物来记载对他们重要的事情。所以此段是说过去的历史事件应结合文字和实物来呈现。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及该段最后一句可知，库克船长的记录是片面的。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的a history told through things gives them back a voice和本段最后两句可知，only one half of a dialogue与other half of that conversation呼应，共同构成更客观的历史全貌。由此可知，conversation指的是历史。
8.C　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述的重点是强调历史实物考证的重要性，故本文最可能选自《100件实物中的世界历史》。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人类是否能够防范战争的问题。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won， but it requires the effort of every one of us可知，在作者看来，和平可以通过全人类的努力来赢得。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第四至六段内容可知，作者设想在将来，人类将武器和资源用于改善人民的生活，因而“乐观”一词可以最好地描述作者想象的画面。
11.C　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，军事设备可用于和平用途。
12.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述了防范战争的可能性以及为了和平我们该怎么办。因此C项（战争与和平）最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在第一次世界大战期间出现的新事物，如夏令时、血库、好莱坞以及整形手术等。
13.A　空后提到：协约国很快也采用了夏令时。A项（德国人在1916年率先采用了夏令时）与下文衔接紧密，且都在描述一战时的情况，符合语境。
14.C　空后的连词but表转折，且提到在一战之前医生们很少给病人输血。C项（输血起始于17世纪）与but后内容形成转折关系，符合语境。
15.B　空前提到：由于很多欧洲国家处于战火之中，欧洲电影业的规模也急剧缩减。B项（那给美国人打开了大门）与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。
16.E　空后提到：英国的军医Harold Gillies和他的同事们给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些手术大部分针对因枪击导致面部受伤的士兵。E项（第一次世界大战让许多士兵留下伤疤、落下残疾）引出下文，符合语境。
17.F　空前提到：英国的军医Harold Gillies和他的同事们给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些手术大部分针对因枪击导致面部受伤的士兵。F项（Gillies作为现代整形外科手术之父而出名）与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Qiu Shaoyun， a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army during the early 1950s， displayed extraordinary heroism in the Korean War when he chose to endure fatal burns to protect his comrades.
　　Qiu sacrificed his life for the revolutionary cause at the young age of 26， and his spirit was immortalized.His story reminds us that the cost of war is immense and that the preservation of peace is something everyone should strive for. As we admire his courage and loyalty， we are inspired to cherish peace and go for a harmonious world.
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a war hero
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sharon Estill Taylor的父亲在二战中牺牲，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor最终找回父亲的遗骸的故事。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，祖母给了Taylor一个银盒子，里面装着父母从高中到1945年的大约450封手写信件。由此可推知，Taylor的父母过去经常给对方写信。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor有可能参观潜在的坠机地点。由此可知，一开始德国还没有统一，这阻止了Taylor寻找父亲的遗骸。
3.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Taylor广泛地分享了她的故事，提高了人们对那些永远不会从战争中回来的士兵以及找回士兵遗骸工作的重要性的认识。据估计，仍有81，000名在过去战争中死亡的美国军人的遗体下落不明，但幸运的是，人们一直在努力寻找阵亡军人，并为他们的家人带来安慰。由此可推知，Taylor想让别人知道她的故事是因为她想证明找回英雄遗骸的可能性。
4.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Taylor的父亲在二战中牺牲，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor最终找回父亲的遗骸的故事。因此B项（让英雄回家）最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。成年人应该以身作则，通过自己的行动向年轻人示范正确的冲突解决方式。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the root of the conflict we are trying to address is much deeper and needs to include more people in the conversations 可知，学校在调解过程中发现冲突通常不仅仅涉及学生本人，还可能涉及其他家庭成员。因此，需要拓展对话范围以深入解决冲突根源。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的During the beginning parts of the mediation， some of the adults in the room started to become heated and defensive ...a grandmother and one of the moms.可知，在调解初期，房间里的一些成年人情绪激动，都在为自己的孩子辩解。一场冲突在一位祖母和一位妈妈之间发生了。由此可推知，那位祖母和那位妈妈当时都很生气。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的They left the room together and as the adults watched from the window， they hugged each other and apologized.可知，孩子们走出房间后，模仿着大人们的样子，相拥在一起并向彼此道歉。
8.B　标题归纳题。根据最后一段并结合文中的案例可知，本文意在传达：成年人的言行举止会对青少年产生重要的影响。成年人应该以身作则，通过示范告诉年轻人如何正确解决冲突，从而在潜移默化中改变他们的行为方式。因此B项为本文的最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了二战老兵彼得·戴维斯在妻子去世之后，在女儿的建议下去当地小学当志愿者，与孩子们的接触让他重新找到了生活的意义，也因此成为名人。
9.A　根据he felt like “almost soul”可以推断，此处指他在坦白自己内心的感受，当结婚72年的妻子6年前去世时，彼得 戴维斯承认他觉得自己几乎成了魂灵。admit承认；接纳；suspect怀疑；猜想；prove证明；证实；argue争论；辩论。
10.B　根据语境可知，妻子的去世让彼得·戴维斯内心非常难过，所以女儿建议他去努力寻找新的人生目标。refuse拒绝；struggle挣扎；斗争；regret遗憾；后悔；pretend假装。
11.B　根据下文Peter chose to 　15　 at a primary school， and he was a huge 　16　 with all of the children he tutored.可知，彼得·戴维斯接受了女儿的建议，决定去当地小学帮忙。fail失败；determine决定；request要求；forget遗忘。
12.A　根据上文I was married for 72 years， and when my wife died可知，妻子的去世让生活发生了显著的变化。dramatically剧烈地；明显地；temporarily暂时地；casually随意地；secretly秘密地。
13.D　根据上文The 100-year-old man from Macclesfield， England 　10　 to find new purpose in his life可知，女儿希望彼得能够重新发现生活的意义所在，找到生活的目标，做一些他有能力做的事情。information信息；creation创造；affection 喜爱；爱慕；meaning意义。
14.C　参见上题解析。afraid害怕；tired疲惫的；厌倦的；capable胜任的；ashamed羞愧的。
15.D　根据上文so when his daughter suggested he offer his help at the local elementary school， he 　11　 to go for it可知，女儿鼓励他到当地的一所小学去帮忙，即做志愿者。study学习；研究；perform表演；表现；实施；investigate调查；volunteer自愿做。
16.C　根据语境可知，彼得很受孩子们的欢迎。star星星；明星；scholar学者；hit很受欢迎的人；model模式；模型；模特。
17.B　根据空后的reading into a fun game可知，彼得将阅读变成了孩子们喜欢的游戏。expand扩展；扩大；transform使改变形态；recover恢复；compare比较。
18.C　根据as a grandfatherly figure made him feel more connected to his community than ever before可知，彼得的到来对于孩子们来说是作为爷爷般的新身份。responsibility责任；challenge挑战；status地位；身份；mission使命。
19.D　根据下文彼得说的话可知，此处指的是彼得对于孩子们的表现很满意，称赞孩子们很棒。assistant助手；助理；instructor指导者；applicant申请人；kid儿童；小孩。
20.A　根据下文I’m part of it.可知，在彼得看来自己是这个社会的一分子。belong to属于；object to反对；adapt to适应；reach to触及。
21.B　根据下文Wherever I go in the village， a child will shout “Hello， Mr Davies”. I feel 10 feet tall.可知，不管彼得出现在村子的什么地方，都会有孩子与他打招呼，由此可以看出他很受孩子们欢迎，即他的形象在孩子们眼中非常好。apparent明显的；tremendous巨大的；极好的；flexible灵活的；particular特定的；挑剔的。
22.C　根据with a British Empire Medal （BEM） on television with the youngest recipient， 18-year-old Dara McAnulty可知，彼得被授予了大英帝国勋章（BEM）。remark评论；accompany陪同；honour尊重；授予荣誉；impress给……以印象；使铭记。
23.D　Dara McAnulty 18岁就获得了大英帝国勋章（BEM），所以彼得为他感到高兴。concerned担心的；关心的；respectful恭敬的；有礼貌的；embarrassed尴尬的；delighted高兴的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大医师亨利·诺尔曼·白求恩对医学和中国的贡献和帮助，以及中国对他的怀念和赞扬。
24.determination　考查名词。根据介词with和不定冠词a可知，空处应用单数名词作宾语。
25.graduating/graduation　考查非谓语动词或名词。介词after后应用动词-ing形式或名词作宾语。
26.more　考查形容词的比较级。根据上文He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments可知，重新发明或设计的10多种医疗器械应该是更好用，应用形容词的比较级作宾语补足语。
27.Despite　考查介词。由（assist） the Chinese people和the difficult situation可知，前后构成让步关系，且空后是名词短语，所以此处应用介词despite表示“尽管”，首字母应大写。
28.to assist　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
29.taught　考查动词的时态。teach和helped，showed （一般过去时）是并列谓语动词，所以空处也应用一般过去时。
30.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个独特的人物”，unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。
31.are used　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合时间状语now可知，时态应用一般现在时，又因主语Some of the surgical tools和谓语动词use是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态；主语Some of the surgical tools是复数形式，因此谓语应用复数形式。
32.Sadly　考查副词。修饰后面的整个句子，应用副词，位于句首，首字母应大写。
33.which　考查定语从句。此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是an article，指物，在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。
Ⅳ.
　　Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters， Bill felt very bad and then made a decision. Soon it was the time for the sack race. Bill showed up on the track early， thinking he would spare no effort in this game to beat Charlie. When the race began， Bill glanced at Charlie next to him and said，“I will beat you definitely.” Then Bill jumped forward with all his strength at his first attempt. Slowly Charlie was left behind， but suddenly Bill tripped and fell onto the ground.When Charlie came to him， he found Bill’s ankle was bleeding and he couldn’t get up.
　　Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg. Charlie didn’t go back and gave up the race at last. Looking at Charlie， Bill lowered his head full of shame. After a while， he opened his mouth and said sincerely，“I’m sorry. I know I was wrong and beg for your forgiveness.” Charlie responded immediately with a smile，“From today on we will be friends forever.” So since that day Bill has changed completely.
UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.assistants　2.victims　3.capacity　4.regulate　5.artificial
6.leaped　7.humanity　8.automation
维度二
1.illegal　2.immoral 　3.existence 　4.regulations
5.capacity　6.potentially　7.analysis　8.assistance
维度三
1.hang out
2.in contrast to
3.had no choice but to
4.happen to
5.Thanks to
6.either a camera or a mobile phone
7.If so
维度四
1.existence　2.convenient　3.built　4.immediately
5.preferences　6.solving　7.but　8.is prepared　9.into　10.to embrace
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Glass Health公司如何利用人工智能技术改变医疗行业，以及该技术的用户增长情况。文章还提到了独立研究人员对该技术的担忧和Paul的回应。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的These firms believe ... and improve the patient-doctor relationship.可知，Glass Health目前的项目可以减轻医生每天面临的文书工作压力，并改善医患关系。
2.A　观点态度题。根据第二段中Pearse Keane说的话可知，Pearse Keane教授对医学领域最新的人工智能技术感到兴奋，但是他认为任何涉及患者健康决策的事情都应该非常谨慎地对待。也就是说他对此抱有客观的态度。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，为了确保Glass AI的可靠性，Paul的公司要求Glass AI的人工智能系统使用由人类医生编写的虚拟医学教科书作为主要的事实来源，而不是从原始的ChatGPT信息库中工作。也就是说以人类的智慧作为医学实践的基础。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断出，越来越多的人开始选择Glass AI。由此可知，Glass Health的市场潜力巨大。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些人担心，人工智能工具正在把语言学习变成一种弱化的追求，文章对这种现象进行了介绍。
5.D　段落大意题。根据第一段中的Some are concerned that AI tools are turning language learning into a weakening pursuit.和第二段内容可知，前两段主要是讲人工智能工具削弱了语言学习的需求。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的He describes giving a broken， difficult speech in Chinese， which required a lot of work but offered a sense of satisfaction at the end.可知，道格拉斯对语言学习持支持态度。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，第四段中的第二组缺乏学习语言的动力。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二至四句可知，作者在最后一段中通过举例来强调自己的观点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前人们对人工智能的炒作感到恐慌的现状。国际政界人士和监管机构聚集在布莱切利公园参加为期两天的人工智能安全会议，一起讨论如何减轻未来的这些风险。
9.A　推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，克莱格会提到20世纪80年代的道德恐慌是为了提出对人工智能不必要的担忧。
10.C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，克莱格的话表明人们应该理性对待人工智能的发展。
11.A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的TSection Ⅲ　Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.During the past four years， I have had a good deal of 　　　　　　（学术的） experience in communication technology.
2.All the 　　　　　　（代表） from around the world claimed Beijing Winter Olympics was a success.
3.The opinions of his 　　　　　　（同龄人） are more important to him than his parents’ ideas.
4.A number of 　　　　　　（炸弹） have exploded，which attracted the peacekeepers to the spot.
5.They invited many friends and held a party in celebration of their fiftieth wedding 　　　　　（周年纪念日）.
6.By the time you’re 25， you should have a r　　　　 idea of when you’ll be getting married.
7.A few chickens were scratching around in the yard for g　　　　　　.
8.When we look a bit deeper， problems begin to e　　　　　　 immediately.
维度二：词形转换
1.By 　　　　　　（collect） activities， they found friendship and warmth.
2.Leading scientists claim breast-fed babies are 　　　　　　（intellectual） brighter.
3.The Chinese middle school students return in September for the start of the new 　　　　　　（academy） year.
4.Not all the content will be directly relevant to your tastes and in fact some of it will be completely 　　　　　　（relevant） to you.
5.The research shows that computer games may cause 　　　　　　（aggressive）.
6.The new model is a testament to the skill and 　　　　　　（dedicate） of the workforce.
7.We are now engaged in a great and most 　　　　（glory） cause， never undertaken by our forefathers.
8.The state of the Chinese civilization was equally inviting to an 　　　　　　（invade）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.She was so generous that she gave away 　　　　　　　　　　　　（一大笔钱） to the school.
2.They need more materials 　　　　　　　　（与……有关） the present question.
3.The soldiers and villagers 　　　　　　　　　（与……作斗争） the flood shoulder to shoulder.
4.He worked so hard.　　　　　　　　　　　 （难怪） he has passed the examination.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （护士不仅要求提高工资）， but they also want to reduce working hours as well.
维度四：课文语法填空
Due to the aggression of the Japanese army in 1937，Peking University， Tsinghua University and Nankai University 1.　　　　　　 （join） together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University to save their educational and intellectual heritage， otherwise 2.　　　　　　 （know） as Lianda.
　　Both professors and students walked more than 2，000 kilometres 3.　　　　　　 Japanese bombs falling on the way.Though conditions were little 4.　　　　　　 （good） once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China， they were faced with lack of food， books and equipment， and sometimes air attacks.
In spite of the immense hardships and the daunting challenges， the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified 5.　　　　　　 the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.
6.　　　　 （drive） by a sense of commitment， a great many joined the army 7.　　　　　　 （fight） against the Japanese invaders. One tenth of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters were from Lianda.
Though Lianda is now 8.　　　　　　 （physical） gone， it has become the crowning glory of China’s modern universities because of its prominent professors and 9.　　　　　　 （talent） students and its strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.More than eighty years later， the priceless 10.　　　　　　 （contribute） of Lianda is still valuable.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　I am a Canadian artist living in Victoria. My work focuses on peace. My art helps me find answers， or at least deal with some of the worrying realities of the modern day.
　　My trips to Baghdad standing for peace caused huge stress for my family and me. It took a few years before I was able to come to accept that whole experience and work out how to continue to work as an artist.I put my energy into creating natural art facilities that awoke a sense of peace in myself and others. I set up my first project in a large field， using a simple parent-child design. I later did two similar， small works， one in Scotland and the other in Baghdad.
　　I wanted to create something more permanent （长久的）， however， and so I created the Peace Image in Hudson’s Hope. It can’t be seen very well on the ground these days， because the locals just loved riding over the large piles of dirt. I don’t mind that at all. The Peace Image still turns up well from the air and on Google Maps though.
　　For more than 50 years now， I’ve felt pleased to be able to express myself through my art. In the autumn of 2013， I was encouraged to lead the creation of a Peace Garden art project at Woodwynn Farms in Central Saanich. After everything we had been through， it was such a gift to work closely with my wife， Elizabeth Wellburn， a talented artist. It was and still is a labour of love.
1.What made the author suffer from great pressure？（　　）
A.His lack of enough money.
B.Some worrying realities.
C.The failure of his first project.
D.His strong support for peace.
2.Why did the author create the Peace Image？（　　）
A.To produce a more lasting thing.
B.To raise people’s awareness of peace.
C.To make people remember him.
D.To satisfy local people’s requirements.
3.How does the author feel about his own artistic works？（　　）
A.Doubtful. B.Discouraged.
C.Satisfied. D.Confident.
4.What is a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.An Artist Concentrating on Peace Design
B.The Life Story of a Canadian Artist
C.Artistic Works Meaning a Labour of Love
D.An Unforgettable Experience
B
　　If you want to tell the history of the whole world， a history that does not privilege one part of humanity， you cannot do it through texts alone， because only some of the world has ever had texts， while most of the world， for most of the time， has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements， and until fairly recently even many literate （有文字的） societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects， and some chapters of this book are able to do just that， but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict， at Botany Bay， between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side， we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side， we have only a wooden shield （盾） dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day， the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides， there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted， especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino， the Australian Aboriginals， the African people of Benin and the Incas， all of whom appear in this book， can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made： a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact between literate and non-literate societies such as these， all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted， only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation， we have to read not just the texts， but the objects.
5.What is the first paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.How past events should be presented.
B.What humanity is concerned about.
C.Whether facts speak louder than words.
D.Why written language is reliable.
6.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.His report was scientific.
B.He represented the local people.
C.He ruled over Botany Bay.
D.His record was one-sided.
7.What does the underlined word “conversation” in Paragraph 3 refer to？（　　）
A.Problem. B.History.
C.Voice. D.Society.
8.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from？（　　）
A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World
B.A Short History of Australia
C.A History of the World in 100 Objects
D.How Art Works Tell Stories
C
　　Is war unavoidable？Can war be prevented？
　　History tells that there were wars， great or small， in every century， in every decade.Throughout the ages， from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age， men have been fighting， first with swords and shields （盾）， then with guns and cannons， and now， hydrogen bombs and missiles are used for military purposes.But， in spite of all these， it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won， but it requires the effort of every one of us.
　　I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens， two-thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time， patience and effort will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own？
　　Our task now is not to blame the past， but to plan for the future.
　　If there is peace in the world， men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space， their submarines to explore the depth of the sea， their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate （穿透） the jungles of Africa， instead of using them militarily.
　　Governments can use their money to build more schools， so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to propel （推动） steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
　　How can a peaceful world be achieved？It requires， in my opinion， the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination by reason of colour， race， religion， or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
　　We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now.
9.In the writer’s opinion， 　　　　.（　　）
A.it is too difficult to achieve peace
B.peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings
C.another world war is inevitable
D.wars will always exist in the world
10.Which word can best describe the writer’s picture of the future of the world？（　　）
A.Optimistic. B.Pessimistic.
C.Imaginative. D.Disappointing.
11.What can we infer from the passage？（　　）
A.Wars were not expensive in the past.
B.Wars can promote the development of weapons.
C.Things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use.
D.As long as there are wars， people’s way of living cannot be improved.
12.What’s the best title for this passage？（　　）
A.The Past and the Future
B.To Die or to Survive
C.War and Peace
D.Understanding and Friendship
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Do you know some surprising innovations that came from World War Ⅰ？ Here are some introductions.
　　Daylight Saving Time
　　The idea of fiddling （不停摆弄） with the clock has been around since ancient times， but it was not until World WarⅠ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time. Why？ To save resources such as fuel and extend the workday for the war effort. 13.（　　）， and the Allies followed shortly after. To clear up confusion about the concept， a newspaper used a comic strip to explain the first “spring forward” in the United States in 1918.
　　Blood Banks
　　14.（　　）， but doctors barely performed them before World War Ⅰ， when they were accomplished by transfusing blood directly from one person to another. Captain Oswald Robertson， a US Army Reserve doctor consulting with the British army， recognized the need to stock blood before casualties（伤员） emerged.
　　Hollywood
　　With so much of Europe in the gunfire， the European film industry had to scale back （缩减） dramatically.15.（　　）. Hollywood was still in its early stage， but its studios soon made fortunes producing wartime movies. The war itself provided material for countless movies in the 1920s and 1930s， including Wings， the winner of the first Academy Awards.
　　Plastic Surgery
　　16.（　　）. British army surgeon Harold Gillies and his colleagues performed more than 11，000 operations， mostly on soldiers suffering from facial wounds from gunshots. 17.（　　）.
　　There were other innovations made during World WarⅠ， such as wristwatches， modern passports， zippers， drones， etc.
A.The Germans did it first in 1916
B.That opened the door for the Americans
C.Blood transfusions （输血） date back to the 1600s
D.Gillies’ operation became successful immediately
E.World War Ⅰ left thousands of men scarred and maimed
F.Gillies became known as the father of modern plastic surgery
G.After World WarⅠ the blood banks appeared in the United States
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你校正举办主题为Heroic peacemakers in history的英语征文活动。请你以一位中国的战斗英雄为题写一篇短文，内容包括：
1.人物事迹；
2.人物启示。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
1 / 3Section Ⅱ　Using language
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1.Three thousand dollars 　　　　　　（be） quite a lot of money for a boy.
2.A group of sheep 　　　　　　（be） eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.
3.All the furniture in the room 　　　　　　（buy） last week.
4.The rich 　　　　　　for the plan， while the poor 　　　　　　against it.（be）
5.A new pair of glasses 　　　　　　（buy） yesterday for her by her friend.
6. The audience 　　　　　　（be） so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the hall.
7.Lisa’s family 　　　　　　in this city for about sixteen years and her family 　　　　　　all fond of music. （be）
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of communicating with a stranger.
同陌生人交流有很多种方法。
2.Mathematics 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
数学是我最喜欢的学科之一。
3.Eighty dollars 　　　　　　　　for the skirt.
八十美元够买这条裙子。
4.The police 　　　　　　　　　a tall dark man with a beard.
警方正在寻找一个高个子、皮肤黝黑、留着胡子的人。
5.When I telephoned yesterday，the family 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我昨天打电话时，那一家人正在吃晚饭。
6.Three years 　　　　　　　　since they met last time， and for them， three years 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
距离他们上次见面已经过去了三年，对他们来说，三年真的是很长时间。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
The wounded 1.　　　　　　 （be） wearing glasses.They 2.　　　　　　 （be） reading the Arabian Nights， which 3.　　　　　　 （be） a very interesting story-book.Just then， a herd of cattle came from the distance， with furniture on their backs， which 4.　　　　 （be） worth 30，000 dollars.This means of transportation 5.　　　　　　 （be） the most convenient one here， because more than 80 percent of the land 6.　　　　　　 （cover） with grass.Cattle 7.　　　　　　 （be） common here.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Kateryna Shcherbyna has been worried since the war broke out.As a horse owner and trainer， she saw that her horses were having trouble getting grain and hay （草料）. “The problem that arose with the beginning of the war was the delivery of horses’ feed，” Shcherbyna tells Treehugger， a website. “It’s hard to have all the year stock of hay at the place； the land is quite expensive around here.”
　　Typically， stables （马房） keep their feed as distantly as 250 miles from the barn （棚舍）. “That’s why it was impossible to bring a big truck with the feed to our area during the war. It was dangerous because of the bombs and an enormous number of block posts everywhere，” she says.
　　Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each stable. A friend brought her a minibus. Then， she drove almost every day to bring hay and grain from the stock not far from her home to the stables she was able to reach.
　　Besides， Shcherbyna created Help Ukrainian Horses， a Facebook group where people could ask for or offer assistance. While volunteers were able to help the animals that were still in stables， there were other horses that had to live on their own when their owners ran away for safety. “There were a lot of stables on the line of the fire and the only way to be safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible. It was not possible to take care of them. There were military actions，” Shcherbyna says.
　　Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad， says she has stayed safe so far.“Luckily， I didn’t get shot during my drives. Although there were some battle planes flying above us， I was lucky enough to live in a village where we did not have any military actions，” she says.
1.What has been bothering Shcherbyna during the war？（　　）
A.The rising land rent of her city.
B.The bomb damage to the stables.
C.The lack of feed for her horses.
D.The decline of her horse business.
2.How did Shcherbyna deal with her problem？（　　）
A.By finding barns nearby.
B.By making small deliveries.
C.By freeing horses in the wild.
D.By turning to other horse owners.
3.What does Shcherbyna probably think of the horse owners’ behavior during the war？（　　）
A.Understandable. B.Irresponsible.
C.Stupid. D.Creative.
4.What’s Kateryna Shcherbyna’s plan for the future？（　　）
A.Keeping horses in her village.
B.Saving more horses in the wild.
C.Getting a horse-related job abroad.
D.Expanding Help Ukrainian Horses.
B
　　On 26 January 1945， Audie Murphy and some 40 US troops sat shaking in the cold near the Alsatian town of Holtzwihr. Just after 2 p.m.， the stillness of winter was suddenly broken. In the distance， some 250 German troops and 6 tanks emerged from the woods.
　　At just 19 years old， the baby-faced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross， and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle.
　　Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force， so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre-prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line. As they ran for cover， he stayed behind and used his field telephone to call in an artillery strike. He did not have enough time to contact their artillery commander before salvos（齐射） of German tank fire erupted around him.
　　Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly burning， but he saw that its machine was still operational. He quickly seized the gun and opened fire on the German troops nearest his position.
　　From their cover on the edge of the tree line， most of Murphy’s troops could only watch in shock. “I expected to see the whole tank destroyer blow up under him any minute，”Private Anthony Abramski later wrote. In fact， the blaze may have saved Murphy’s life. Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn’t see him behind the smoke and flames.
　　Audie Murphy was called a national hero and awarded the Medal of Honor. Murphy returned home in June 1945. He later started a film career that included more than 40 credits， most of them in Westerns and war films. Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy， who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home. He later urged the US government to provide better mental health care for its soldiers. He also hoped people would always live in peace.
5.What do we know about Murphy before the battle？（　　）
A.He wasn’t known to anyone.
B.He had received many awards.
C.He was the oldest in his troops.
D.He wasn’t thought highly of by others.
6.How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops？（　　）
A.He hesitated to take action.
B.He was too frightened to do anything.
C.He became excited and decided to attack.
D.He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position.
7.Which of the following played a role in saving Murphy’s life？（　　）
A.The cover of the nearby tree line.
B.The help offered by the artillery commander.
C.His being invisible behind smoke and flames.
D.His skill in operating the tank destroyer.
8.What can be inferred about Murphy’s post-war life？（　　）
A.He left the horrors of combat behind him.
B.He encouraged people to honor war heroes.
C.He greatly suffered mentally.
D.He failed to find a job.
C
　　Reading a new book of ancient stories translated by great writers， I was surprised to discover how widely the tale of the Trojan War has been told down the ages.A diverse range of authors have been moved to translate various versions of the classical myth （神话）.One reason the Trojan War has struck such a chord is that， besides being an excellent story， it has long been suspected to have actually happened.
It isn’t surprising that people have been convinced of the reality of the Trojan War.The cruel realities of battle are described so unflinchingly （果敢地） in The Iliad， an ancient Greek epic （史诗） by Homer， that it is hard to believe they were not based on observation.Troy， the ancient city located at Hisarlik in present-day Turkey， is described in such vivid colour in the epic that a reader cannot help but be transported to its splendid walls.
It was in fact the possibility of rediscovering Homer’s Troy that led the rich Prussian businessman， Heinrich Schliemann， to travel to Hisarlik in the late 19th century.Told of a possible location for the city， Schliemann began to dig， and uncovered a large number of ancient treasures， many of which are now on display at the British Museum.Although he initially thought many finds belonged to the period in which Homer set the Trojan War when they were in fact centuries older， he had dug the correct location.Most historians agree that ancient Troy was to be found at Hisarlik.Troy was real.
But a historic Trojan War would have been quite different from the one that dominates Homer’s epic.It is hard to imagine a war taking place on quite the scale the poet described， and lasting as long as 10 years when the citadel （城堡） was fairly small.Whether the Trojan War myth was inspired by a war waged long ago， or was just an original invention， it left its mark on the world， and is still of exceptional historic importance.
9.What does the underlined part “struck such a chord” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？（　　）
A.Made its name.
B.Spread the word.
C.Changed many people’s opinions.
D.Touched many people’s hearts.
10.What does Paragraph 2 tell us about the tale of the Trojan War described in The Iliad？（　　）
A.It is too true to life.
B.It falls short of details.
C.It is based on observation.
D.It focuses on brave soldiers.
11.What caused Heinrich Schliemann’s visit to Hisarlik？（　　）
A.His love for traveling.
B.The chance of finding Troy.
C.His ambition to expand his business.
D.The possibility of uncovering ancient treasures.
12.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Did the Trojan War Actually Happen？
B.Homer： a True “Influencer” Back Then
C.Ancient Troy： the City and the Legend
D.What Inspired Homer to Write The Iliad？
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·山东鄄城一中高二下月考）Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 　13　 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They discussed various matters all over the world.When the war was near， Alia was 　14　 that the fires of war would destroy the books， which are more 　15　to her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language — new books， ancient books， even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
　　She had asked the government for 　16　to move the books to a 　17　 place， but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands. 　18　， she brought books home every night， filling her car late after work. Her friends came to help her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books. All through the night， Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library， 　20　 them over the seven foot wall and 　21　them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 　22　. Then nine days later， a fire burned the 　23　 to the ground.
　　One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must be 　25　 again while the city was 　26　. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs （郊区）. Now Alia waited for the war to end and 　27　 peace and a new library.
13.（　）A.meeting B.working
C.personal D.religious
14.（　）A.worried B.angry
C.doubtful D.curious
15.（　）A.practical B.precious
C.reliable D.expensive
16.（　）A.permission B.confirmation
C.explanation D.information
17.（　）A.large B.public
C.distant D.safe
18.（　）A.Fortunately B.Surprisingly
C.Seriously D.Secretly
19.（　）A.intended B.pretended
C.happened D.agreed
20.（　）A.put B.opened
C.passed D.threw
21.（　）A.hid B.exchanged
C.burnt D.distributed
22.（　）A.approached B.erupted
C.continued D.ended
23.（　）A.restaurant B.library
C.city D.wall
24.（　）A.neighbours B.soldiers
C.friends D.customers
25.（　）A.sold B.read
C.saved D.moved
26.（　）A.occupied B.bombed
C.quiet D.busy
27.（　）A.dreamed of B.believed in
C.cared about D.looked for
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is a famous war film that describes the heroic struggles of Chinese soldiers during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Set in the background of the Yellow River， the film tells 28.　　　　　　 powerful story of love， courage and determination.
　　Directed by Feng Xiaoning， the film represents the emotional journey of a young couple 29.　　　　　　 （separate） by the war， and 30.　　　　　　 （vivid） shows their strong love and willpower to reunite， despite the chaos and devastation around them.
　　31.　　　　　　 artistic cinematography （电影摄影术） and storytelling， Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River brings the cruelty of war to life. It demonstrates the 32.　　　　　　 （brave） of Chinese soldiers as they fought 33.　　　　　　 （defend） their homeland， and the deep impact the war had on ordinary people.
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is not only a war film， but also proof of the 34.　　　　　　 （courage） spirit of the Chinese people. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those 35.　　　　　　 fought for their country’s freedom and the strength of love that 36.　　　　　　 （stand） the harshest circumstances.
　　This film 37.　　　　　 （touch） the hearts of audiences worldwide ever since it first appeared on the screen and this influence will surely continue on and on.
1 / 3Section Ⅳ　Writing about a war hero
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Sharon Estill Taylor has no first-hand memories of her father. The World War Ⅱ fighter pilot was shot down over Germany in April 1945， when Taylor was just three weeks old.When Taylor was young， her grandmother often shared stories about their fallen hero. “Nana， it’s OK，” Taylor assured her. “I’m going to find him and bring him home.”
　　Grandmother gave Taylor a silver box containing some 450 handwritten letters between her parents， spanning from their high school to the year 1945. Also included were six months’ worth of unopened letters. Taylor learned that on 13 April 1945， Estill had taken off to attack a railway station and destroy Nazi supply lines. She found a reference to a possible crash site near the town of Elsnig in eastern Germany.
　　With the collapse of the Berlin Wall， it became possible for Taylor to visit the potential crash site. She connected with German military historian Hans-Guenther Ploes， who agreed to help her try to find and identify any aircraft and human remains. In 2005， a team， accompanied by Ploes and Taylor， led a three-week dig. From the moment she set foot on the site， Taylor could feel that her dad was there. DNA analysis confirmed that the remains were his. On a sunny day， Taylor and her family buried her father’s remains at Arlington National Cemetery. Beyond fulfilling her promise to her grandmother， Taylor says her mission has been to get closer to her father and his legacy.
　　She has also come to realize that there are many Americans who’ve lost parents and loved ones in military conflicts overseas and wishes they knew more. Taylor shares her story widely， raising awareness of soldiers who never return from war and the significance of recovery efforts. An estimated 81，000 American service members’ bodies remain unaccounted for from past conflicts， but fortunately there are constant efforts to locate the fallen and bring relief to their families.
　　Taylor will never know exactly what her father’s final moments were like but she feels， in a way， that her father has finally come home.
1.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs？（　　）
A.Taylor’s father delivered supplies in the war.
B.Taylor got along well with her father as a kid.
C.Taylor’s parents used to write letters to each other.
D.The exact crash site where Taylor’s father died was recorded.
2.What probably discouraged Taylor from seeking her father at first？（　　）
A.No one was willing to assist her.
B.Germany wasn’t reunited at that time.
C.There weren’t any clues about the battle.
D.Science and technology were not advanced.
3.Why does Taylor want others to know her story？（　　）
A.To help make her grandmother’s wish come true.
B.To let the readers know more about World War Ⅱ.
C.To pay her respects to fallen heroes like her father.
D.To show the possibility of regaining heroes’ remains.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Cherish Parents’ Love
B.Let Heroes Return Home
C.Never Forget the History
D.Meet Grandmother’s Wish
B
　　More and more， while we are in schools and doing mediation （调解） with students， we find out that the conflict is more widespread than just them.It may involve other siblings （兄弟姐妹） and sometimes parents， guardians， aunts and uncles.This means that while we can do a lot of work with the students themselves， the root of the conflict we are trying to address is much deeper and needs to include more people in the conversations.
　　A few weeks ago， two of CCR’s （Center for Conflict Resolution’s） restorative justice coordinators （协调者） had a case that involved four students and their five guardians.During the beginning parts of the mediation， some of the adults in the room started to become heated and defensive of their child.A confrontation （对抗） occurred between a grandmother and one of the moms.CCR mediators separated the two parties and allowed them each to calm down.Then， CCR staff invited everyone in the room to pause and refocus on the task at hand.As a group， they reviewed the guidelines and actually added some that addressed why the adults were feeling so defensive.
　　Then， something incredible happened： The grandmother and the mom who were upset with each other earlier apologized to each other.They each said they had no issue with each other after hearing the other’s perspective.They hugged and agreed to communicate in a more positive way.
　　After the students witnessed this， they asked to have some space.They left the room together and as the adults watched from the window， they hugged each other and apologized.Once they came back into the room， the students made a plan for how to communicate in the future using the example of their guardians.At the end of the mediation， a student said， “It was easier to apologize when I saw it done.”
　　The power of role models is far beyond what we know.By modeling how to be angry effectively， we can change how our youth respond when they are angry too.
5.What is needed to deal with conflicts in schools according to the author？（　　）
A.More coordinators.
B.Broader conversations.
C.A simpler mediation process.
D.More communication with the students involved.
6.How did the grandmother and the mom feel at the beginning of the mediation？（　　）
A.Surprised. B.Doubtful.
C.Regretful. D.Annoyed.
7.What did the students do after leaving the room？（　　）
A.They made a secret plan.
B.They said sorry to each other.
C.They cleared a space for play.
D.They communicated with their guardians.
8.What would be the best title for this text？（　　）
A.The Nature of Conflicts
B.The Power of Role Models
C.The Correct Ways to Apologize
D.The Challenges of Family Relationships
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　It isn’t every day that the future and the past get to meet on national television.
　　When his wife of 72 years passed away six years ago， Peter Davies 　9　 he felt like “almost soul”. The 100-year-old man from Macclesfield， England 　10　 to find new purpose in his life， so when his daughter suggested he offer his help at the local elementary school， he 　11　 to go for it.
　　“I was married for 72 years， and when my wife died， life changed 　12　，” Peter explained.“My daughter suggested that， to get some 　13　 back into my life， I do something I’m 　14　 of doing.”
　　Peter chose to 　15　 at a primary school， and he was a huge 　16　 with all of the children he tutored.He 　17　 reading into a fun game. Besides， his new 　18　 as a grandfatherly figure made him feel more connected to his community than ever before.
　　“The 　19　 are great，” said Peter. “I’m sure I get more than the kids do. It is a lovely warm feeling that I 　20　 the community. I’m part of it. Moreover， my image is 　21　 .Wherever I go in the village， a child will shout ‘Hello， Mr Davies’. I feel 10 feet tall.”
　　Recently he was 　22　 with a British Empire Medal （BEM） on television with the youngest recipient， 18-year-old Dara McAnulty. “He is the future， and I am the past，”Peter said.“It’s just simple as that， it really is. I’m　23　 for him.”
9.（　）A.admitted　　　　B.suspected
C.proved D.argued
10.（　）A.refused B.struggled
C.regretted D.pretended
11.（　）A.failed B.determined
C.requested D.forgot
12.（　）A.dramatically B.temporarily
C.casually D.secretly
13.（　）A.information B.creation
C.affection D.meaning
14.（　）A.afraid B.tired
C.capable D.ashamed
15.（　）A.study B.perform
C.investigate D.volunteer
16.（　）A.star B.scholar
C.hit D.model
17.（　）A.expanded B.transformed
C.recovered D.compared
18.（　）A.responsibility B.challenge
C.status D.mission
19.（　）A.assistants B.instructors
C.applicants D.kids
20.（　）A.belong to B.object to
C.adapt to D.reach to
21.（　）A.apparent B.tremendous
C.flexible D.particular
22.（　）A.remarked B.accompanied
C.honoured D.impressed
23.（　）A.concerned B.respectful
C.embarrassed D.delighted
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Henry Norman Bethune was a great Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a 24.　　　　　 （determine） to help people. As a small boy， he became very interested in medicine and decided to become a doctor. After 25.　　　　　　 （graduate） from medical college in 1916， Bethune worked as a doctor in England， the US and Canada. He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments to make them 26.　　　　 （much） useful. He is best known for his service during the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
In 1938， Bethune left for China， after he heard that many people were dying in the war. 27.　　　　　　 the difficult situation， Dr.Bethune did whatever he could 28.　　　　　　 （assist） the Chinese people. He helped to organize hospitals， 29.　　　　　　 （teach） doctors and nurses and showed people how to give first aid. He is respected as 30.　　　　　　 unique personality in the history of medicine， owing to the materialization of the concept of “mobile medical unit”. Some of the surgical tools developed by him 31.　　　　　　 （use） in surgeries even now. 32.　　　　　　 （sad）， Dr.Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang. After Dr.Bethune’s death， Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him， in 33.　　　　　　 he praised Dr.Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·浙江湖州高二上期末）Charlie was very obedient to his parents and teachers， for which everyone loved him a lot. Due to his father’s job， his family moved to a new city， where he entered a new school. As Charlie was a good boy， soon most of his new classmates became his good friends. The teachers also praised this new boy， because of his intelligence and nice behavior to all.
　　But there was one boy in the class who did not like Charlie at all！ His name was Bill and he was a very naughty boy， for which no one liked him at all. He found that Charlie was a quiet boy. So he started creating troubles for his new classmate. At the lunchtime， when Charlie was having lunch， Bill came up to him and asked， “Hey， what do you have for lunch？” “It’s cake and sweets，” Charlie replied with a smile.
　　“I love sweets and so I will eat this food today，” Bill said grudgingly. He snatched the lunch box from Charlie. The other boys sitting around were furious， but no one dared to protest due to fears of being bullied by Bill and his little gang.
　　From that day on， Bill regularly ate Charlie’s lunch and even threw away the water from his water bottle one day. But Charlie still kept quiet and did not complain to the teacher. Bill never did his homework and always forced the good boys of the class， including Charlie， to write it down on his copy for him！ When Charlie’s parents learned about all these bullies of Bill， they wanted to come to the school and complain about this naughty boy. But Charlie stopped them and said， “Mom， Dad， please do not worry. Everything will be all right. After all， Bill is also a kid like me.”
　　The days went by and the time came for the annual sports at the school. Charlie was also good at sports and he participated in a number of events. Bill also participated in sack race （套袋赛跑）， though he could not run very fast due to his fat body.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters， Bill felt very bad and then made a decision.
　　Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg.
1 / 3UNIT 3　War and peace
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.The government decided to send more 　　　　（部队） to the border， where they would strengthen the defense and maintain security.
2.The 　　　　　　（指挥官） got a chance to visit the mountain whose top was covered with thick snow， which he had been dreaming of for years.
3.It was reported that a rocket destroyed the enemy’s 　　　　　　（坦克）.
4.Grades would range from one or two，for 　　　　　（杰出的） or excellent， to six or seven， for poor or very poor.
5.To 　　　　　　（解放） the city， thousands of soldiers devoted their lives to fighting against the enemy.
6.H　　　　　　， violence and cruelty involved in some video products harm the psychological development of children.
7.The study suggests kids who play v　　　　　 video games show much more aggressive behaviour than those who don’t.
8.The main o　　　　　　 of this meeting is to give more information on our plans.
维度二：词形转换
1.I 　　　　　　（bare） saw my father before I was eight so I was somewhat lonely.
2.We are often taught to fight against 　　　　　（violent） and protect peace.
3.The event marked the 　　　　　　（liberate） of the slaves， and it had a profound impact on the course of history.
4.The use of nuclear weapons is a 　　　　　　（horror） threat to human beings.
5.A 　　　　　　（memory） service for sailors drowned at sea will be held in the city centre at 8 am this Sunday.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We should have faith in ourselves， and believe we can 　　　　　　（成功） if we try our best.
2.It is known to us all that a computer 　　　　　　　　（由……组成） hundreds of different parts.
3.I think if you invest all your money in that project， it will be 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（简直是） a failure.
4.She is only too aware that as soon as a team steps off the victory podium， they need to start from zero to 　　　　　　　　（为……做准备） new challenges ahead.
5.The hybrid rice succeeded in 　　　　　　　　（使人们摆脱） starvation.
6.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（一些树高达90多米）.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　In the spring of 1944， Allied 1.　　　　　　 （troop） made up mainly of British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers， 2.　　　　　　 marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation code-named “Operation Overlord”. The date for the start was set for 6 June after taking weather， moon and 3.　　　　　　 （tide） into consideration.General Eisenhower 4.　　　　　　 （issue） an order before the operation to encourage the soldiers 5.　　　　　　 （fight） bravely.Though full preparations had been made， the 6.　　　　 （violent） and horror of the battle was beyond expectation.In the 7.　　　　 （fierce） fighting at Omaha Beach， only two in seven could make 8.　　　　　　 to the beach.In spite 9.　　　　　　 the high cost in human life， the D-Day landings were a success and 10.　　　　 （see） as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　In the late 1930s， people could donate blood， but very few hospitals could store it for later use. Whole blood breaks down quickly， and there were no methods at the time for safely preserving it. As a result， hospitals often did not have the appropriate blood type when patients needed it. Charles Drew， a Black surgeon and researcher， helped solve this monumental problem for medicine， earning him the title “Father of the Blood Bank”.
　　In 1938， while obtaining his doctorate in medicine， Drew became a fellow at Columbia University’s Presbyterian Hospital in New York. He studied the storage and distribution of blood， including the separation of its components， and applied his findings to an experimental blood bank at the hospital.
　　As Drew was finishing his degree at Columbia， World War Ⅱ was erupting in Europe. Great Britain was asking the United States for desperately needed plasma （血浆） to help victims. Given his expertise， Drew was selected to be the medical director for the Blood for Britain campaign. Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as a model， Drew established uniform procedures and standards for collecting blood and processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals. The five-month campaign collected donations from 15，000 Americans and was considered a success. His discoveries and his leadership saved countless lives.
　　With the increasing likelihood that the nation would be drawn into war， the United States wanted to capitalize on what Drew had learned from the campaign. He was appointed as the assistant director of a three-month pilot program to mass-produce dried plasma in New York， which became the model for the first Red Cross blood bank. His innovations for this program included mobile blood donation stations， later called bloodmobiles.
1. What problem did hospitals face in the late 1930s regarding blood donations？（　　）
A.The shortage of blood donors.
B.The inability to preserve blood.
C.The challenge of blood infection.
D.The failure to identify blood types.
2.How did Drew contribute to the Blood for Britain campaign？（　　）
A.He gathered different standards for the blood collection.
B.He worked on the bloodmobiles for easy access to donors.
C.He helped send life-saving drugs overseas to aid in the war.
D.He organized the collection and processing of blood plasma.
3.Which of the following best describes the three-month pilot program？（　　）
A.Groundbreaking. B.Unpredictable.
C.Economical. D.Controversial.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.The Life of Dr Charles Drew
B.The Inventor of the Blood Bank
C.A Savior of Lives During Wartime
D.A Pioneer in Blood Transportation
B
　　During the 1910s， the Great War broke out. A 25-year-old American soldier probably never thought that his life would change forever when he volunteered to go to France.
　　One night while the American troops were returning to the base after a bloody fight， Suleyman stumbled to the ground and noticed a bit of movement from the bush. Being stuck between two choices， either an enemy or an animal， Suleyman found a five-year-old girl from the bush trembling with cold and utmost horror. Due to the atrocity of the war， the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed.
　　During the war， it was impossible to find the child’s family so Suleyman took this little French girl under his wings and gave her an American name Flora which meant the flower. Soon， Flora became the apple of the eye of everyone living in the army camp.
　　For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable； however， every fairy tale came to an end.When the war ended， Suleyman was sent back to the USA， while Flora was put in an orphanage， the Normandy School， which was founded by the American government for orphaned French children to have an education.
　　For years， Suleyman always thought about Flora. When the French National Olympic Team was playing in the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 1984， Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.
　　At the age of 85， Suleyman attended the 60th anniversary reception of the Great War where Suleyman shared his story with American and French officials. After hearing his story， a French journalist started to investigate the story， and all government files were read in detail. The moment the journalist helped dial the number， in tears， Flora said Suleyman was her hero， and everything came flooding back to her.
5.What does the underlined word “atrocity” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Cruelty. B.Challenge.
C.Range. D.Stress.
6.Why did Suleyman watch the 1984 Summer Olympics？（　　）
A.Because Flora might be in the French team.
B.Because Suleyman was greatly interested in sports.
C.Because Flora might be watching the event.
D.Because Suleyman wanted to travel to Los Angeles.
7.What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A.Flora and Suleyman became attached to each other.
B.Flora was sent to an orphanage called Normandy.
C.Suleyman found some animals in the bush.
D.Suleyman would never see Flora again.
8.Which can serve as the best title for the text？（　　）
A.A Tough Flower in the War
B.The Influence of the War
C.The Lost and Found Love
D.The Apple of the Father’s Eye
C
　　On the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day landings， I found myself on Omaha Beach， leading a small band of college students into the past.
　　For more than 20 years， my co-workers and I have taken students from the University of Texas at Austin to Europe as the highlight of half-year-long study of World War Ⅱ. There’s nothing like being there to discover what happened there 77 years ago or how much it can teach us today.
　　We board a bus and enter the American cemetery （墓地）.A staff member greets us and tells us about the 9，380 graveyards here. We turn to face the cemetery as the national anthem （国歌） plays over the loudspeaker. Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.
　　Each student receives a yellow rose to place at the grave of a Texan soldier. The headstones give us only the name， rank， unit， home state and date of death. We can guess how old they were， for the students are about the same age.
　　We return to the beach and look at the peaceful scene that we know was anything but peaceful 77 years ago. “Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings. More than 2，400 Americans were killed or wounded， or went missing in action. No one who survived ever forgot it.
　　Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both humans and materials. They face a world different from the one their grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived in but just as complex and even more dangerous. Pandemics， pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.
　　I have faith in this young generation.We can learn much from the D-Day landings and World WarⅡ about the importance of alliances （联盟）， the value of cooperation and the meaning of courage. As it turns out， learning from the past is a matter of moment today.
9.What did the author do on the eve of the 77th anniversary of the D-Day landings？（　　）
A.She went to Europe with old soldiers.
B.She visited the American cemetery in Texas.
C.She gave a course on World War Ⅱ.
D.She took students on a study tour to Omaha Beach.
10.What can we know about the author’s father？（　　）
A.He was a Texan soldier.
B.He was buried in this graveyard.
C.He died when performing a mission.
D.He served in the air force during World War Ⅱ .
11.Why is the number of Americans mentioned in Paragraph 5？（　　）
A.To explain their love for traveling.
B.To show their sacrifices in the mission.
C.To honor them for fighting for the country.
D.To praise them for bringing the beach into peace.
12.What does the author feel about the world faced by this young generation？（　　）
A.Peaceful. B.Eventful.
C.Fast-changing. D.Fully-globalized.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Sheri Rosenblum learned about the Holocaust （纳粹大屠杀） the same way most kids did.13.（　　）.“It was like watching a horror movie. I really did not understand it. It was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it，” she said.14.（　　）.Sheri works at the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation （JPEF）， an organization focusing on teaching students about the thousands of Jews who fought back against Hitler’s plans to kill them.
　　During World War Ⅱ， as many as 30，000 Jews joined resistance groups throughout Europe. Known as partisans （游击队员）， they formed their own fighting units and also joined non-Jewish partisan armies to fight against Hitler’s forces. 15.（　　）.Eta Wrobel， a 20-year-old Jewish girl， escaped into the woods and helped form an all-Jewish partisan unit. Some partisans were even younger. In France， 12-year-old Bernard Musmand helped the Jewish Resistance by working as a courier （通讯员）. At age 13， he joined partisan military actions against the Nazis， according to the JPEF.
　　These are all kinds of stories that the JPEF is working to spread.The organization has interviewed dozens of former Jewish partisans about their experiences during the Holocaust. 16.（　　）.“Students will say，‘I always pictured the Jews as victims. However， learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish，’” she said.
　　There are lessons for non-Jewish students too， of course.17.（　　）：young people can make a difference； stand up to oppression （压迫） early before it’s too late； never give up.
A.Many of them were youngsters
B.Unfortunately， this is the truth
C.Most of the partisans were Jewish girls
D.Now she’s working to tell a different part of this history
E.Sheri said that sharing the stories with Jewish students is invaluable
F.She was taught about the violent act of Nazi camps and shown pictures of Jewish survivors
G.Jewish partisans told the JPEF they hoped future generations would take three things from their example
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