【培优方案】UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）外研英语选择性必修第三册

UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.The professor wants to find two 　　　　　　（助手） who are worth depending on and won’t let him down.
2.The mother of one of the 　　　　　　（受害者） described what had happened to them.
3.The young people in our company do have the 　　　　　　（能力） to do a good job.
4.You should learn to 　　　　　　（管理） your eating habits to keep fit.
5.The beautiful small city is dotted with small lakes， natural and 　　　　　　（人工的）.
6.Shares in the company l　　　　　　 250 per cent compared to the last year.
7.We want a clean healthy environment for all h　　　　　　.
8.European buyers now want modern homes with home a　　　　　　 systems.
维度二：词形转换
1.George was introduced to 　　　　　　（legal） activities at a young age， when he was hired to act as a lookout for drug dealers.
2.The surgeon was struck off because of his 　　　　（moral） behaviour.
3.So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of 　　　　　　（exist）.
4.Safety 　　　　　　（regulate） should be obeyed by all staff members in the company.
5.The last five years have seen a huge increase in the country’s export 　　　　　　（capable）.
6.This crisis is 　　　　　　（potential） the most serious in the organization’s history.
7.Sophisticated statistical 　　　　　　（analyse） was employed to obtain these results.
8.Only a small percentage of the countries are thankful for our 　　　　　　（assist）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.I used to 　　　　　　　　（闲逛） with them when I was free.
2.Only my cousin has chosen to apply for a job in Africa 　　　　　　　　　（与……相比） the majority of this year’s graduates working in Britain.
3.She 　　　　　　　　　　　　（除了……别无选择） ask for a few days’ leave.
4.There are some things that you can only understand when they 　　　　　　　　　　（发生） you.
5.　　　　　　　 （多亏） the artificial intelligence，the disabled can enjoy the superb convenience of life without having to step outside.
6.I’m going to buy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（一个照相机或者一部手机） with the money.
7.It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine.　　　　　　　　 （如果是这样的话）， we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Is artificial intelligence the greatest human achievement or the biggest threat to our 1.　　　　　 （exist）？ People in the Technology of Tomorrow Forum have different views.Millenniumbutterfly thinks that his daily life is more 2.　　　　　　 （convenience） with the advance of artificial intelligence.For example， he has got his super-smart personal assistant 3.　　　　　　 （build） into his phone.The assistant answers any question he puts to her 4.　　　　　　 （immediate） and even uses his answers to learn more about his 5.　　　　　　 （prefer）.He hopes that more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon， so that people can enjoy more and more benefits.Popkid admits that more advanced AI could be helpful in 6.　　　　　　 （solve） the world’s problems， 7.　　　　　　 there is a high level of risk involved.Actually none of us 8.　　　　　　 （prepare） for the challenges of AI.In Pink_haze’s opinion， if super-intelligent AI goes wrong or falls 9.　　　　　　　　 the wrong hands， it could also be the most dangerous.We have no choice but 10.　　　　　　 （embrace） it and regulate it.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·吉林白山高二上期末）Glass Health is a San Francisco-based company co-founded by Dereck Paul and Graham Ramsey. It began by offering an electronic system for keeping medical notes and is now among several companies hoping to use artificial intelligence chatbots （聊天机器人） to make a difference in medicine. These firms believe that their programs could significantly reduce the paperwork pressure physicians face daily， and improve the patient-doctor relationship. “We need these folks not in burnt-out states， trying to complete documentation，” Paul says.
　　Some independent researchers have expressed their fears of the rush to include the latest AI technology in medicine. “I think it’s very exciting， but anything that involves decision-making about a patient’s health should be treated with extreme care，” says Pearse Keane， a professor of artificial medical intelligence at University College London in the United Kingdom.
　　Paul says he is well aware of the problems and that doctors who use his company’s AI system need to check it. “You have to supervise （监督） it in the way you supervise medical students， which means that you can’t be lazy about it，” he says.
　　His company is now working to reduce the risk of errors. He believes the underlying technology can be turned into a powerful engine for medicine. Paul and his co-workers have created a program called “Glass AI” based on ChatGPT. A doctor tells the Glass AI chatbot about a patient， and it can suggest a list of possible diagnoses （诊断） and a treatment plan. Rather than working from the raw ChatGPT information base， the Glass AI system uses a virtual medical textbook written by human doctors as its main source of facts — something Paul says makes the system safer and more reliable.
　　Last December， his company had around 500 users. But after they introduced their chatbot， the numbers jumped.“We finished January with 2，000 monthly active users， and in February we had 4，800，” Paul says. Thousands more signed up in March， as overworked doctors lined up to give AI a try.
1.What could Glass Health’s present program do？（　　）
A.Boost patients’ mental health.
B.Update hospitals’ medical records.
C.Help reduce errors in doctors’ treatment.
D.Relieve doctors pressure of handling paperwork.
2.What is Professor Pearse Keane’s attitude to the latest AI technology in medicine？（　　）
A.Objective. B.Supportive.
C.Worried. D.Opposed.
3.How does Paul’s company ensure Glass AI’s reliability？（　　）
A.By operating the system based on doctors’ advice.
B.By employing medical students to use the system.
C.By training chatbots to select correct raw ChatGPT information.
D.By drawing on human wisdom as the basis for medical practices.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Glass Health has vast market potential.
B.Doctors will be free from paperwork soon.
C.Glass Health has an unstable number of users.
D.Doctors need a balance between life and work.
B
　　（2024·山东菏泽高二上期末）Some are concerned that AI tools are turning language learning into a weakening pursuit. More and more people are using simple， free tools， not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps’ conversation mode， you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later； the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours.
　　Others are less worried.Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of on-going contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanising themselves or training their brains. On their holiday， they just want a beer and the spaghetti without incident.
　　Douglas Hofstadter， an expert in many languages， has argued that something profound （深刻的） will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a broken， difficult speech in Chinese， which required a lot of work but offered a sense of satisfaction at the end.
　　As AI translation becomes an even more popular labor-saving tool， people can be divided into two groups. There will be those who want to stretch their minds， expose themselves to other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This group will still take on language study， often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and puzzlement， as they might with extreme endurance （耐力） sports： “Good for you， if that’s your thing， but a bit painful for my taste.”
　　But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analysing the benefits of close relationships to heart-health but overlooking the inherent （固有的） value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or ruin a joke in broken German， you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put delicate differences on an argument， that connection is more profound still. The best relationships do not require a medium.
5.What is the first two paragraphs mainly about？（　　）
A.Communicating through apps is simple.
B.Apps provide a one-way interactive process.
C.Using apps becomes more and more popular.
D.AI tools weaken the needs of language learning.
6.What is Douglas’ attitude to language learning？（　　）
A.Favorable. B.Objective.
C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
7.What do we know about the second group mentioned in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.They are keen on foreign culture.
B.They long to join in endurance sports.
C.They find AI tools too complex to operate.
D.They lack the motivation to learn language.
8. How does the author highlight his argument in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.By providing examples.
B.By explaining concepts.
C.By stating reasons.
D.By offering advice.
C
　　（2024·福建漳州高二上期末）Nick Clegg， one of the most powerful executives， has compared the hype （炒作） over artificial intelligence to the 1980s-era “moral panic （恐慌）” over video games， which gives a warning to international politicians and regulators when they gather for a two-day conference at Bletchley Park on AI safety.
　　“New technologies always lead to hype，” Clegg stated，“they often lead to excessive （过度的） passion among the advocates and excessive pessimism （悲观） among the critics. I remember the 80s. There was this moral panic about video games. There were moral panics about radio， the bicycle， and the Internet.”
　　Much of the conversation this week will focus on longer-term risks， including the potential for an AI system to escape human control， with many experts warning that a sufficiently advanced system could even pose a threat to humanity itself.
　　“The risks posed by frontier AI are serious and it is critical that we work together to recognise these risks.” Michelle Donelan， the UK’s science and technology secretary， said before the conference. “This conference provides an opportunity for us to ensure we have the right people gathered around the table to discuss how we can mitigate these risks moving forward.Only then will we be able to truly harvest the benefits of this innovative technology in a responsible manner.”
　　Officials say one of the main aims of the conference is to persuade those at the cutting edge of developing AI technology to slow down their efforts to build the most advanced models.
　　But Clegg’s comments suggest that is likely to be a hard challenge.He said too much government involvement may stand in the way of AI innovation.“In this area， it is really important to allow innovators， builders to develop these technologies without immediately assuming that whatever they do next is going to pose some existential risk.”
9.Why does Clegg mention the moral panic in 1980s？（　　）
A.To suggest unnecessary worry about AI.
B.To sound an alarm against AI.
C.To introduce AI safety concept.
D.To offer a solution to politicians.
10.What do Clegg’s statements imply in Paragragh 2？（　　）
A.People prefer to go to extremes.
B.People will be trapped in AI longer-term risks.
C.People should treat AI development reasonably.
D.People still fear the moral panic caused in the 1980s.
11.What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Reduce. B.Evaluate.
C.Identify. D.Bear.
12.What is Clegg’s attitude towards AI development？（　　）
A.Disapproval. B.Supportive.
C.Concerned. D.Objective.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Drone technology is continuously advancing and being put to several novel uses around the world. Below are several brilliant applications of drone technology.
　　Shipping and delivery
　　13.（　　） Drones could save a lot of manpower and move unnecessary road traffic to the sky.Besides， they can be used over smaller distances to deliver small packages， food， letters， medicines， and the like.
　　Disaster management
　　Drones provide a quick means， after a natural or man-made disaster， to gather information and look for injured victims.14.（　　） This saved resources of manned aircraft.Where larger aircraft would prove dangerous or inefficient， drones， thanks to their small size， are able to provide a close-up view of areas.
　　Precision agriculture
　　Farmers are always looking for cheap and effective methods to regularly monitor their crops. Infrared （红外线的） sensors in drones can be tuned to detect crop health， enabling farmers to react and improve crop conditions locally， with inputs of fertilizer or insecticides （杀虫剂）.15.（　　）
　　Weather forecasting
　　Drones are being developed to monitor dangerous and unpredictable weather. 16.（　　） Therefore， scientists and weather forecasters acquire new insights into their behavior.Its specialized sensors can be used to detail weather conditions， collect data， and prevent unfortunate accidents.
　　Wildlife monitoring
　　Drones have helped prevent wildlife crimes. 17.（　　） With thermal imaging （热成像） cameras and sensors， drones have the ability to operate during the night.This enables them to monitor and do research on wildlife without causing any disturbance， providing insight on their patterns， behavior， and habitats.
A.They give rescue teams access to a higher field of view.
B.These autonomous flying devices are widely used in photography.
C.This leads to more efficient and productive agricultural operations.
D.The destruction of any of the player’s drones results in the other’s win.
E.They provide effective protection to animals like elephants and big cats.
F.Many major international shipping companies are in favor of drone delivery.
G.Since they are cheap and unmanned， drones can be sent into hurricanes and storms.
1 / 6课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Face values
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.self-critical　2.dormitories　3.pills　4.overlooked
5.misjudged　6.bothered　7.boosted　8.pretended
维度二
1.acknowledgement　2.identically　3.skinny　4.enlarge
维度三
1.that’s why people respect him
2.boost my confidence
3.but other people
4.a desire for success
5.tend to be shy
6.has been burying himself in his research work
维度四
1.addicted　2.editing　3.boosts　4.of　5.totally
6.personalities　7.a　8.bothered　9.Although
10.more beautiful
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段前三句可知，因为胎记的特殊性，作者每隔一年都要进行手术，因此这给作者带来了一些麻烦。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often可推知，表妹的奶奶让表妹多穿长袖衣服是为了挡住胎记，因为胎记太明显了。由此可知，画线词prominent表示“明显的”。apparent明显的；graceful优美的；harmful有害的；impressive给人印象深刻的。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的She’s never tried to hide her birthmark or change her appearance.It really inspires me.可知，作者的表妹没有故意隐藏胎记，说明她很自信，不惧别人的目光，她的这份自信鼓舞了作者。
4.C　推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表妹的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。由此推知，本文教育人们要学会接受自我。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身经历，告诉读者：人不可貌相。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，David一直鼓励、陪伴作者，并耐心教他滑雪动作，让他度过了愉快的一天。由此可知，David是个很有耐心且关心他人的人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I see a lonely person longing for a friendly hello可知，这位女士内心深处很渴望得到他人的认可和接纳。
7.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的Most people ...as an “old lady” with nothing much to do and less to offer.可知，人们匆匆从她身边走过，认为她是个没什么用处和价值的老人。
8.D　推理判断题。根据作者所列举的三个亲身经历的事例以及最后一段中的It’s the inner self that we need to embrace.可推知，作者告诉读者：不要以貌取人，要去体会每个人丰富的内在。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国遗产专家的一项发现：17世纪的贵族女性戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像画曾被修复者修改以增强其美貌特征，这暗示了现代审美标准可能并非如我们所想的那样现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，专家发现修复者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了修改，这表明现代审美标准并非如我们所想的那样现代，而是存在历史循环的现象。由此可推知，专家的发现表明过去的审美标准可能在现代会得到重复。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，后来的修复者对戴安娜·塞西尔的肖像进行了改动，包括增大嘴唇尺寸和降低发际线以减小额头大小。由此可推知，原始画像并未完全满足修复者对于美的期望。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They also surprisedly found the artist’s signature， and a date that had been signed in the portrait’s curtain suggesting it was finished in 1634 and not 1638 as previously thought.可知，保护工作意外地发现了该画像完成于1634年而不是先前认为的1638年。
12.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，现在的艺术品保护工作有着更多的伦理规范，必须尽量减少对作品的修补，以公正地向世人展示艺术品原有的面貌。这说明她认为艺术保护工作需要考虑伦理因素。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三条改变消极思维的建议。
13.F　根据Catch your thoughts可知，本段主要讲述的是了解你的想法。F项指出了解自己想法的第一步就是要意识到自己想什么，符合语境。
14.A　根据下文The more you resist something， the more you attract it towards you.If you imagine the worst that could happen and accept that， then the reality of what is actually happening isn’t so bad after all.可知，本段介绍了抵制消极思维的弊端和接受糟糕的事情的益处。A项（接受和改变）涵盖了本段内容，符合语境。
15.G　空前一句强调想象最坏的情况并接受它。G项承接上文，指出以现实和乐观的态度处理并接受事情的结果，符合语境。
16.D　根据so when you focus on what is good， the negative thoughts will have to take a back seat可知，此处强调把注意力集中在好的方面时，消极的想法就会被抛到脑后。D项（同时有两种相反的想法是很难的）引起下文，符合语境。
17.B　根据空后一句可知，我们常常忽视我们认为理所应当的事，对这些事情我们缺少感恩。故B项（感激一切）承接上文，符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.That mathematics is the base for other sciences
2.What she lacks in an era of technological advances
3.Who will take the place of Mr Smith
4.How you get there
5.It never occurred to me
6.It still remains to be a question
维度二
1.When Jack gets home after school
2.It doesn’t matter whether/if you have lived there
3.Whoever takes interest in the picture
4.It is believed that
5.It seems that
维度三
1.that　2.what　3.how　4.that 　5.that　6.Whoever
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，文章想要传达的信息是坚守本根。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第一印象的重要性。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In fact， most people make up their minds about other people in the first five minutes or less when meeting them.可知，人们很快就会做出是否喜欢这个人的判断。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，你要做功课来收集信息并研究所有可能出现的问题，这样，万一另一方提出一些出乎意料的问题，你将会知道如何解决。由此可知，根据作者的观点，尽可能多地了解情况可能有助于面试。
7.B　推理判断题。文章开头讲述了第一印象的重要性，文章最后一段最后一句强调即使有优秀的学历和杰出的工作表现，求职申请人也需要留下良好的第一印象。由此可知，下文应该会更详细地介绍一些给别人留下良好的第一印象的实用建议。
8.D　主旨大意题。文章主要讲了第一印象的重要性，它很大程度上决定了人们是否喜欢你、是否决定帮助你，结合第二段中的You need to make a good impression on others to ensure they like you and give you what you want.可知，本文主要讲述了要给人留下良好的第一印象。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Bryant研究发现，尽管各国人民的能力各不相同，但是世界各地的人们都可以通过声音中的微小差异来识别真笑和假笑。文章还介绍了真笑和假笑分别具备的特点。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，研究表明，尽管各国人民的能力各不相同，但世界各地的人们都能辨别出真正的笑声。由此可知，研究发现了人们可以分辨出真笑和假笑。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的because they rely heavily on emotional engagement in order to predict others’ behavior and create stronger social relationships可知，Samoan的居民能准确识别自然的笑声是因为他们把很多情感放在了解别人上。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在真正的笑声中，我们会产生高音调和音量，以及没有清晰声音的快速爆发。由此可知，自然的笑声通常以高音量为特征。
12.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，布莱恩进一步解释说：“有了这个语音系统，你可以发出很多不同的声音，包括哭泣、大笑或尖叫。这就是假笑的由来。”由此可知，假笑系统可以使人产生各种各样的噪音。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了社交媒体滤镜让改变外貌变得轻而易举，但也带来了对女性外貌不切实际的期望。Katia通过发布视频，展示了自己真实而不完美的面容，引发了人们的关注和感谢。
13.B　根据文章首句可知，社交媒体让用滤镜改变外貌变得很容易，所以当你迫切需要录制视频且状态不佳时，滤镜就能派上用场。come in handy派上用场。needy需要帮助的；handy有用的，方便的；fashionable时尚的；surprising令人惊讶的。
14.A　上文提到人们用滤镜来改变外貌的现象，所以有很多关于滤镜使用的讨论。use使用；fix修理；production生产；appearance外观。
15.A　因滤镜可以改变外貌，让女性变得不真实，所以会让人们对女性的容貌产生不切实际的期望。place以某种态度对待（或看待）；force强迫；show显示；look看。
16.C　根据下文to prove that可知，一位女士承担责任揭下滤镜来证明。pull off靠边停车；put off推迟；peel off剥去，揭掉；come off脱落。
17.D　根据语境可知，她的脸实际上不是戴上滤镜的样子。副词actually用于引出真实情况。sharply尖锐地；sincerely真诚地；eventually最终；actually实际上。
18.A　根据上文可知，使用Bold Glamour滤镜后的脸与真实的脸不一样了，所以会让人们怀疑对自己脸的感知。perception感知；attention注意；recognition识别；attraction吸引。
19.D　滤镜让人产生怀疑，说明对比太不真实，不敢相信。unexpected意外的；unfamiliar不熟悉的；uncertain不确定的；unreal不真实的。
20.D　根据下文She puts on another可知，Katia还用了其他滤镜做演示，并没有止于Bold Glamour。experiment做试验；continue继续；agree同意；stop停止，结束。
21.C　根据下文revealing an inflamed and imperfect facef可知，Katia去掉了妆容，露出真实的脸。wear穿着；apply应用；remove去掉；hate讨厌。
22.B　根据下文可知，这是人们对Katia的评论。flat公寓；comment评论；spot地点；face脸。
23.B　根据上文this message is so important可知，评论者认为Katia传递了重要信息，感谢提醒。article文章；reminder提醒；costume服装；poster海报。
24.B　根据常识可知，在现实生活中，我们都有不完美之处。beauty美丽；imperfection不完美；question问题；suggestion建议。
25.D　Katia关滤镜、卸妆，展示了不完美的真实自己，这是一种诚实。此处意为“作为一个成熟的女人，我很欣赏你的诚实”。effort努力；interest兴趣；skill技能；honesty诚实。
26.A　根据上文do harm to people’s self esteem和下文to something that’s not real可推知，把自己和滤镜后不真实的形象进行比较，会让人感到自卑，伤害自尊。compare比较；addict上瘾；put放置；throw扔。
27.C　根据上文可知，Katia通过勇敢展示真实的自己，揭开了社交媒体的帷幕，让人们看到了真实的自己，看清了现实。pull back the curtain指“拉开窗帘或帷幕，揭示事物真相或隐藏的部分”。wall墙；board木板；curtain帷幕；floor地板。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在车祸中失去右手后装了一个假肢，但是不好用，后来作者重新装了一只机械手后一切都改变了。
28.lost　考查动词的时态。空处为After引导的时间状语从句的谓语，根据时间状语two years ago可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填lost。
29.believing　考查非谓语动词。本句为主从复合句，After引导时间状语从句，主句中已有谓语动词began，此处应用非谓语动词。动词believe和其逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填believing。
30.was equipped　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was equipped。
31.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，故填which。
32.however　考查副词。上文提到假肢不好用，即使是很简单的事情也很难完成，与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用副词，故填however。
33.amazingly　考查词形转换。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
34.used　考查非谓语动词。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词use和宾语special rubber是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填used。
35.hobbies　考查名词复数。hobby意为“业余爱好”，为可数名词，根据空前的all可知，此处应用复数形式，故填hobbies。
36.since　考查连词。结合句意可知，此处指“自从我有了新手”，故填since。
37.more confident　考查形容词的比较级。根据do more并结合语境可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填more confident。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.defects　2.immense　3.heartbreaking　4.repay
5.profound　6.kidnapped　7.compassion　8.motive
9.resembled　10.accent
维度二
1.novelist　2.graceful　3.comprehension　4.expression　5.tenderness
维度三
1.adjust to
2.was sentenced to death
3.out of mercy
4.attempt to climb
5.Fascinated by
6.never have we been more connected
维度四
1.be formed　2.However　3.to break　4.whether
5.awareness　6.neither　7.explanation　8.unfortunate
9.remembered　10.swam
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并没有让严重的视力障碍变成自己生活的阻碍，而是继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Within a few days， I was diagnosed （诊断） with a severe visual impairment （视力障碍）.In fact， I was practically blind.Amazingly， I’d managed to reach the age of 13 without anyone realizing， not even me！可知，在作者13岁被诊断出视力障碍之前，没有人意识到她的视力很差。
2.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的I was terrible — always mixing up sugar and salt！可知，作者总是弄混糖和盐，因此她是不擅长烹饪的。由此推知，forte意为“长处”，与strength意思相近。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I could change nappies （尿布） and dress the kids fine — it just took a little longer as I relied on touch to work out where things were.可知，虽然作者视力不好，但是可以为孩子们换尿布以及穿衣服，因此是可以帮忙照顾孩子的。
4.D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者虽然有严重的视力障碍，但是这没有成为她生活的阻碍，她乐观地继续做喜欢的事情，在结婚有了孩子之后可以帮忙照顾孩子，在成为祖母之后独自加入旅行团去欣赏世界的美丽，视力问题不妨碍她用心去体验生命。由此可知，作者的故事告诉我们，每个人都可以用积极的心态享受生命的美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述女教师朱莉娅通过100天穿同一件裙子这件事，引起人们尤其是她的学生们对时尚的思考，教育孩子们不能以貌取人，要把时间和精力花在有意义的事情上。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，朱莉娅想让人们尤其是她的学生们用一种新的方式思考时尚，同时思考我们现在所处的这种“过度文化”。由此可知，朱莉娅100天穿同一件裙子是为了引起人们对时尚和生活的深思。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第二段内容可知，学生们对这个实验反应很积极，他们完全理解朱莉娅想传达的“不要关注人们穿什么而应关注人们做什么”，即“不要以貌取人”的观点，许多学生因可以谈论那种只关注外表的行为有多愚蠢而感到兴奋。由此可知，学生们对以貌取人这个看法是反对的。
7.C　段落大意题。第四段通过叙述朱莉娅修补裙子上的破洞、穿围裙防止弄脏裙子、周末洗裙子这些事情说明了朱莉娅为了保证衣服干净整洁，以达到她这件裙子能穿100天来让人们对时尚和生活进行深思的目的而做出的努力。
8.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，朱莉娅关心地球的健康状况，耐心对待学生，认真对待日常生活，把更多的精力投入更有意义、更有价值的事情上。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项生物科学技术成果——给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能。虽然该技术还处于试验阶段，触觉功能还不够自然逼真，但依然大大提高了使用者操作机械手臂的效率。
9.B　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在第一段介绍了触觉的重要性。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段最后一句可推知，植入电极阵列是为了让操作机械手臂的人能感受到物体。
11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段Robert Gaunt说的话可推知，他认为该项研究是有前景的。
12.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项生物科学技术成果，给机械手臂增加触觉感知功能后可提高使用者的操作效率。因此D项（触觉改善机械臂的控制）最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些人似乎有能力毫不费力地吸引别人，它可能看起来像一种神奇的力量。文章主要就如何培养吸引人的魅力介绍了一些方法。
13.B　根据下文The answer is： to a large extent， yes， you can.可知，空处应为一般疑问句，B项（所以，你能学会发展超人的魅力吗？）与下文衔接恰当。
14.C　根据上文How should we deal with this？可知，C项（有一个非常简单的工具：你的微笑）可以为这个问题给出具体的解决方法，同时衔接空后一句，说明微笑的好处。
15.F　下文具体介绍是友不是敌的信号表达，F项（我们的大脑会审视周围的环境寻找是敌是友的信号）可以和下文衔接恰当。
16.D　根据上文In other words， you should not talk about yourself and all your wonderful achievements.可知，D项（相反，你需要表现出对他们的兴趣）可以衔接上文，说明正确的做法是要关注对方。
17.A　根据上文And if all else fails， you can fall back on that most British of topics： the weather.可知，A项（这是一个很好的开始）可以承接上文，说明谈论天气是打开话题的好方法。
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a literary work
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是个身材肥胖的学生，怕被别人嘲笑，他想成为运动型的人；但父亲告诉作者应该把肥胖看作自己的优点，这样可以做更多有意义的事情。作者回想起父亲的话，感触颇多，十分感谢父亲的鼓励。
1.B　根据常识可知，在人们的印象中，肥胖的、有点笨的孩子容易被人嘲笑。impression印象。
2.B　参见上题解析。
3.A　根据下文的in all the sports可知，作者决心变成一个运动型的人。athletic运动的。
4.D　上文说作者要成为一个运动型的人，由此可知，此处表示作者要进行运动。play sports“做运动”，为固定搭配。
5.D　根据下文throughout high school可知，作者参加了一个交际舞班，一直坚持到高中毕业。follow跟随，遵循。
6.C　根据下文but his death可知，作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世了。
7.C　根据上文可知，因为作者父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世了，所以这16个月对作者来说很艰难。tough艰难的。
8.D　根据下文That advice he gave me now comes back so vividly可知，父亲生前对作者说的话让作者感触颇多，对作者有影响，所以父亲去世后作者对自己的体型有了新的认识。light （理解某人或某物的）方式，角度。
9.C　根据下文and he told me可知，作者和父亲曾经聊了很久。
10.B　根据下文that I should use it可知，作者的父亲认为肥胖是上天给作者的礼物，作者应该好好地使用它。
11.C　根据下文I know that my size will 　14　 me to achieve many positive things可知，作者的父亲建议作者充分发挥自己的潜能，这样可以做更多积极的事情。potential潜能。
12.D　根据下文and hold my head up high可知，父亲让作者昂起头来。由此可知，父亲让作者以自己为骄傲。take pride in以……为骄傲。
13.A　上文提到作者的父亲在9·11恐怖袭击事件中去世，所以此处指作者父亲的建议在作者的记忆中历历在目。
14.B　根据下文achieve many positive things和上文描述可知，因为作者以自己的身材为骄傲，所以作者认为自己的身材可以让自己能够实现很多积极的事情。enable使能够。
15.C　根据倒数第二段内容可知，父亲的话给了作者鼓励，所以此处指作者想起父亲对他说的话。
Ⅱ.
　　In an English class discussion about the beauty filter function on smartphones， diverse opinions emerged among us.
　　Some argue that the beauty filter enhances one’s appearance and boosts one’s self-confidence.However， others think that excessive use of beauty filters can develop unrealistic beauty standards and distort people’s perception of their own natural beauty.
　　As far as I’m concerned， while beauty filters can be fun to use occasionally， it’s crucial to recognize that true beauty lies in embracing our distinctive features.By celebrating our individuality， we can cultivate a genuine sense of self-confidence that radiates from within.
Ⅲ.
　　The girl became silent and fell into thought.She asked herself，“When adversity knocks on my door， how do I respond？ Am I a carrot， an egg or a coffee bean？” She hesitated for a moment， and then had an answer in mind.She didn’t want to be the carrots that were easily defeated.She decided that she would learn from the eggs to have a hardened heart after experiencing hardship.More importantly， she was determined to become the coffee beans to change the hot water.She started to believe that she was able to overcome all the difficulties and finally got success.
　　The girl changed completely from then on.She became strong and brave and didn’t give up easily.She began to face life with a positive attitude.No matter what problems she came across， she would always remember the lesson her mother had taught her.She knew that more difficulties would only make her stronger， and after having overcoming them， she could change them into something nice.Finally， after accepting many challenges， she was able to live the life she wanted.
UNIT 2　A life’s work
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.fascination　2.faraway　3.celebrities　4.grocery　5.craft
6.posed
维度二
1.fascination　2.fashionable　3.uncomplicated　4.devotion
5.grocery　6.anthropologist
维度三
1.rather than
2.nothing more than
3.devotion to
4.no matter how much you may disagree with them
5.a wide range of events
6.It was with your help that
维度四
1.most important　2.inspiration　3.that　4.were wearing　5.belonged　6.brands　7.what　8.offered　9.focused　10.for
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残疾人Sadaf不顾他人的质疑用行动证明自己的励志故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away.可知，Sadaf的父亲是她的支柱，是唯一一个支持鼓励她的人，因此父亲的去世让她失去了精神支柱。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第六段中的By now， I’ve realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself.以及第七段中的But I wanted to try my hands at everything.So I decided to play basketball as well.可知，Sadaf试着打篮球是为了证明自己。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第七至九段可知，Sadaf虽然残疾，但是她开店、打篮球、做生意，非常能干，而且在别人的质疑中勇敢地证明自己的能力。因此用“有决心，有能力”描述Sadaf最好。
4.B　推理判断题。根据Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段内容可推知，她建议人们要去证明自己的能力，而不要让残疾限制自己。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了面塑手艺人康健机缘巧合下与面塑结下不解之缘，开始他的非遗传承之路的故事。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The small， simple objects ...and planted the seeds of fine art， especially sculpture， in my heart.可知，康健儿时捏面团的经历激发了他后来学习面塑的兴趣。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的learning skills from Bai Chunyu和another national-level inheritor 可知，康健利用业余时间抓住机会，向其他面塑传承人学习面塑技艺。
7.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的I practiced every day from 6 am until late at night ...to relieve the pain.But all the efforts turned out to be worth it.可推知，康健觉得自己学习面塑的过程虽然很辛苦但很值得做。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的the real value ...lies in its connection with traditional Chinese culture可知，康健认为将面塑做成中国传统民间故事中的形象有助于中国文化的表达和传播。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了个性测试与职业选择的关系，并告诉人们应如何选择合适的职业。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推知，他们认为通过个性测试来选择职业是不合理的。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the results are probably a lot more accurate than I’d like to admit以及I think it might have had some points that fit my personality可知，作者认为该测试结果与她性格的某些方面相符。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，想要寻找到梦想的工作，只能通过自己，只有了解了自己，才能找到适合自己的工作。
12.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，这名学生晕船严重，因而不适合这项工作。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在科学领域，很多突破源于幸运的意外，有时源于科学家的不断追求和不放弃。作者得出结论：只有当社会愿意投资于这些梦想家并且认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破时，才有可能获得改变世界的科学突破。
13.E　根据第一段第二至三句可知，获得改变世界的科学突破需要什么呢？有些是幸运的意外加上好奇心的结果。E项（其他重大突破源于科学家对特定想法的追求）与第一段相呼应，符合语境。
14.F　本段主要讲科学家对特定想法的追求可能会取得改变世界的科学突破，所以在讲完科学家对特定想法的追求可能产生的不良结果后，还需说明可能产生的有价值的结果（这是重点）。F项（但有时这条路会带来重大突破，如X光和疫苗）与上句构成转折关系，与前面“一无所获”的结果相反，符合语境。
15.D　上文介绍了弗莱明发现青霉素，卡里科使所有mRNA疫苗成为可能，通过实现自己的梦想，这些科学家获得了名利和更宝贵的东西。D项（因为他们，全世界数百万人避免了生病或死亡）符合语境。
16.B　空前一句谈到：对许多科学家来说，痴迷于一个不太可能实现的梦并没有得到回报，空后两句谈到：结果是大自然并不会像他们预测的那样运转。最终，他们美好的理论被残酷的事实扼杀。B项（他们的想法虽然很棒，但最终被证明是错误的）与上下文关系密切，符合语境。
17.G　根据空前一句可知，归根结底，只有社会愿意投资于梦想家，认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破，科学突破才有可能实现；根据空后一句可知，最重要的是，投资可以防止痛苦和死亡，并改变世界。G项（然而，带来突破的投资会带来更大的经济回报）符合语境，与空前一句形成转折，同时，与下文形成递进关系。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.where　2.why　3.that　4.whose　5.where　6.what
7.when　8.whether　9.because
维度二
1.where my strength lies
2.why my parents were/got angry with me
3.that they have all suffered a lot
4.because they are too tired
5.who can be sent there
6.as if/though it is missing something
维度三
1.that　2.whether　3.that　4.what　5.that　6.where
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身残志坚的Gregory Burns的励志故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He has gained many achievements in his life despite the fact that he had polio（小儿麻痹症） as a child.可知，Gregory Burns是一个取得很多成就的人。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的But it wasn’t until he returned to art that he truly felt fulfilled.可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人。由此可推断出，Burns是一个有决心的人。
4.D　推理判断题。从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道：只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你有残疾，也不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步。因此“世界会给那些有目标的人让路”是我们可以从Burns身上学到的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹。
5.B　词义猜测题。第二段列举了Isaac Newton的两个实验，在第一个实验中，为了测试光线如何穿过透镜，他把一根长针插进眼睛，推到后面，然后移动它，看看会发生什么，结果是Luckily， nothing long-lasting did.。在第二个实验中，他久久地盯着太阳，想看看这对他的视力有什么影响，根据画线词所在句可知，Isaac Newton不得不在一间黑暗的房间里待上几天，直到他的眼睛恢复，说明他的眼睛避免了遭受永久性的伤害。结合本句中的Again可知，permanent与上文中的long-lasting对应，意为“永久的”。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，他是一位非常聪明的科学家，但他的一个缺点是有一个好奇的习惯，即对他所研究的每一种物质都要尝一些。这种危险的做法终于产生了问题。1786年，他被发现死在实验室里，周围有大量的危险化学品，任何一种化学品都有可能导致他的死亡。由此可推测，Carl Scheele喜欢品尝化学物质的习惯可能是他死亡的原因。
7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的While driving in the Tanami desert， normally one of the emptiest places in the world， another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.可知，当Shoemaker和他的妻子在塔纳米沙漠开车时，另一辆车撞上了他们，Shoemaker当场死亡。
8.C　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹，即三位伟大的科学家为真理所作出的牺牲。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从亓昊楠的视角介绍了故宫古钟表修复工作。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的What amazes me most about these clocks is that they combine the scientific advances， technological precision and the trend in decorative art of their particular era.可知，这些古钟表多领域技术的结合让亓昊楠印象深刻。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的He notes that the job requires extreme patience ...and， in this case， haste can do a great deal of damage.可知，古钟表的维修工作需要极大的耐心，修得快则有可能造成很大的损害。由此推知，提到More haste， less speed是为了说明修古钟表需要的品质——耐心、细致。
11.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Masters in the Forbidden City， brought the profession into the national consciousness ...As a result， in 2017， Qi got two apprentices （学徒） and Wang got three.可知，这个电视纪录片为人们揭开了这项工作的神秘面纱，让更多的人了解了这项工作并参与其中。因此Masters in the Forbidden City揭露了鲜为人知的职业——古钟表修复。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，亓昊楠认为随着关注度的提升，古钟表修复的未来是光明的。promising前景很好的；unpredictable不可预测的；declining越来越少的；stable稳定的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过反复被拒的Joe坚持不懈并最终实现目标的故事告诉人们：被拒绝并不总是痛苦的，通往最终目标的道路有很多，但有时经受的拒绝可能是通向目标的更加确定的道路。
13.C　根据上文Rejection doesn’t always hurt.可知，拒绝并不总是痛苦的，有时候拒绝会创造出一条通往目标的更加确定的路。follow跟随；lead带领；create创造；clear清除。
14.B　根据语境可知，粉丝们一直很期待Joe在本赛季季后赛中的表现。study学习；perform履行，表演，表现；train训练，培训；join参加。
15.D　but表示转折，上文说Joe梦想在NFL打球，所以这里是说他通往NFL的旅程并不容易。tough艰难的；fun有趣的；attractive吸引人的；easy容易的，轻易的。
16.A　but表示转折，上文说他申请了好几所大学，根据空前的none可知，没有一所大学录取他。accept接受；remember记得；reject拒绝；ignore忽视。
17.A　根据上文可知，Joe是一名足球运动员。but前后表示转折，上文说他进入了俄亥俄州立大学，所以这里应是说他没有上场比赛的机会，在替补席上坐了三年。bench场边的运动员休息区，替补队员席；stand货摊；team队；stage舞台。
18.C　Joe在替补席上坐了三年却没有上场的机会，这说明教练不看好他，认为他没有潜力。chance机会；resource资源；potential潜力；enthusiasm热情。
19.B　根据上文He applied to several colleges和下文Then he applied to Louisiana State University可知，这里表示他向内布拉斯加州大学提出申请。sign up for报名（参加课程）；apply to向……申请；attend to处理，照料；search for寻找。
20.D　根据空前的the Heisman Trophy可知，他是海兹曼奖的获得者。fan迷，狂热爱好者；adviser顾问，忠告者；learner学习者；winner获胜者。
21.C　根据上文Joe多次遭到拒绝后最终在努力坚持下实现目标的故事并结合常识可知，通向最终目标的道路有许多种，而Joe的这种道路非常艰辛。similar相似的；smooth平滑的，顺利的；multiple数量多的，多种多样的；flat平坦的。
22.B　这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是strong endurance and determination to reach them。这里表达的是通向这些目标需要强大的耐力和决心。cost需付费，价钱为；take需要，要求；make制作；offer主动提出。
23.C　根据第一段中的Sometimes rejection may 　13　a more certain path to our final goals.可知，这里指的是拒绝不能阻止你实现目标。theory理论；training训练；rejection拒绝；excuse借口。
24.A　根据空后的your long-term goals可知，这里表示实现长期目标。achieve实现；plan计划；announce宣告；explain解释。
25.D　根据face it bravely并结合语境可知，要勇敢面对痛苦，就要首先承认痛苦。affect影响；emphasize强调；estimate估计，估价；acknowledge承认，感谢。
26.B　根据上文the pain that comes from disappointment和空后的outcome of being rejected可知，这里指被拒绝的负面结果。active积极的；negative消极的；possible可能的；predictable可预料的。
27.A　结合Joe的故事可知，Joe虽然多次遭到拒绝，但他没有沉浸在受伤之中并放弃目标，而是坚持自己最初的目标，不断申请学校，寻找提升的机会，最终他获得了成功，本文建议要把注意力放在目标上而不是被拒绝的负面结果上，被拒绝的伤害来自我们对它的理解方式，积极看待它或许会获得更好的结果，而消极看待它则会一直沉浸在痛苦之中。interpret诠释，理解；imagine想象；explore探索；escape逃跑。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国中学校长张桂梅的故事。
28.with　考查固定搭配。be honored with获得荣誉。故填with。
29.has seen　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语从句Since it opened in 2008可知，谓语用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has seen。
30.（was） sitting　考查非谓语动词/动词的时态。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词sit是被修饰的名词girl主动发出的动作，所以用动词-ing形式作补语。也可以理解为noticed后面跟宾语从句，空处作从句的谓语动词，表示当时正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，主语是girl，be动词用was。故填（was） sitting。
31.blankly　考查词形转换。修饰动词staring应用副词，故填blankly。
32.to build　考查非谓语动词。persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。故填to build。
33.that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，women drop out of education， marry early and spend 34.　　　　　　 （they） whole lives in the remote mountain解释前面名词spell的内容，是同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，故填that。
34.their　考查代词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词短语whole lives，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
35.was founded　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这句话描述的是过去的事情，动词found和主语a free public high school是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是a free public high school，故填was founded。
36.graduates　考查名词复数。名词graduate前面有More than 1，800修饰，所以用复数形式。故填graduates。
37.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。故填which。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.nonetheless　2.precious 　3.polishes 　4.bark
5.preserve 　6.dominated 　7.antiques　8.modest
9.maximum　10.essay
维度二
1.associated　2.analysis　3.architectural　4.dominant
5.restoration 　6.ambitious
维度三
1.originated from
2.day in， day out
3.are associated with
4.at their own pace
5.take on
6.If it hadn’t rained so hard last night
维度四
1.restoring　2.taken　3.as　4.collections　5.originating　6.to　7.most　8.endless　9.that　10.skilful
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖，并介绍了荣获2023年未来科学奖的八名科学家的成就。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段、第五段以及第六段内容可知，八位科学家因为他们对科学的卓越贡献获奖。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的He emphasized that this recognition was not only for himself but also for the team’s years of hard work.可知，根据 Chai 的说法，合作促成了他们的发现。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，他们的研究揭示了高温材料的潜在物理机制，是开创性的。
4.D　写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文是为了介绍2023年被称为“中国诺贝尔奖”的未来科学奖。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了印象派代表人物莫奈的成名历程以及他在绘画领域做出的贡献。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It was Monet’s childhood， spent along the beaches and the knowledge he gained of the sea and the rapidly shifting Norman weather that would one day give rise to his fresh vision of nature.可知，莫奈对大自然产生了新的视角是因为三个方面：童年在海边度过、海洋知识和快速变化的诺曼气候，B项是对这三个方面内容的概括。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的perhaps at her suggestion， Claude went to study drawing with a local artist.But his life as a painter did not begin until he was befriended by Eugène Boudin， who introduced Monet to the practice of painting in the open air可知，莫奈跟随一位当地艺术家学画，之后又跟Eugène Boudin进行户外绘画的实践和学习，所以说莫奈是从其他艺术家那里接受教育的。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In order to avoid the Franco-German War， he left his family and traveled to London.可知，为了逃离战争，莫奈去了伦敦。
8.B　段落大意题。根据最后一段中的His influence on other artists was wide-ranging.可知，最后一段主要讲了莫奈对其他艺术家的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者深受父亲影响，对工作坚持不懈并严格要求自己的故事。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He demanded the exact same of himself.Every brick he cleaned on the house stood out like a red jewel in a white setting.可知，作者的父亲在工作中要求很高。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的I moved out of my parent’s modest place into a housing project.Drugs and gang violence were just beginning to damage the projects.可知，住房项目被毒品和帮派暴力所困扰。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was hard， tedious work.可知，作者作库管员时要忍受艰苦和乏味。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者受父亲的影响，对工作坚持不懈，作者也希望后代人都能保持这份传统。因此从作者的工作经历看，坚持不懈的精神可以传递给下一代。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何减少人们对失败的恐惧给出了四个方法。
13.D　上文讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素，下文讲述了失败存在的普遍性，D项（我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况）符合语境。
14.G　根据Analyze all potential outcomes.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，G项（许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知）是对段落主旨的阐释。
15.F　根据Set small goals.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标。结合上文So start by setting a few small goals.可知，该空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F项（这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性）符合语境，对上文的小目标具体解释。
16.B　根据Learn to think more positively.可知，本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考。结合上文Every coin has two sides.可知，该空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做，B项（你来决定要看哪一面）符合语境。
17.A　根据下文可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况，A项（看看更糟糕的情况）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Last Friday， our school organized a screening of a documentary， which explores the profound theme of unwavering dedication and mastery in craftsmanship.
　　The documentary focuses on representative craftsmen in different fields， highlighting the significance of commitment and innovation in their work.The audience was fascinated by the intricate details and precision presented in each craft.
　　After the screening， the audience expressed their admiration for the craftsmen and their commitment to their work.Overall， the documentary left a lasting impression， reminding us of the value of craftsmanship and inspiring us to strive for excellence.
Section Ⅳ　Writing an expository essay
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己勇敢选择自己喜欢的事业和人生，并取得成功的故事。
1.B　根据上文I’ve always been creative since I was a little girl.以及下文filled with arts， crafts and music可知，作者从小就很有创造力，童年里每天都做各种创作。learn学习；creation创作；imagination想象力；amusement娱乐，娱乐活动。
2.C　上文与空后的somewhere along the way I lost touch with my creative self为转折关系。besides此外；therefore因此；however然而；otherwise否则。
3.A　根据上文upon graduation可知，作者找到一份工作。land成功得到，捞到（尤指许多人想得到的工作）；desire渴望；shift转移；handle处理，应付。
4.A　根据上文I would go to the office， sit at my desk and repeat the same work.可知，作者觉得这样的日子很无聊。boring令人厌烦的，乏味的；interesting有趣的；rewarding值得做的，报酬高的；challenging富于挑战性的。
5.B　根据下文内容可知，作者决定做出改变，重拾自己小时候的爱好。survey调查；change变化；commitment承诺；preparation准备。
6.C　根据下文As I dreamt bigger， later I 　8　 a part-time design course.I took classes two nights a week.可知，作者去上了社区大学的缝纫课程。teach教；pass 经过；attend参加，上（学）；design设计。
7.C　根据语境可知，这个仅为期五周的课程，唤醒了作者的兴趣。maintain维护；increase增加；awaken唤醒，唤起；protect保护。
8.D　根据下文I took classes two nights a week.可知，作者报名了设计课程。benefit from得益于；try out for参加……选拔；come up with找到（答案），拿出（一笔钱等）；sign up for报名参加。
9.A　根据下文As it became clearer that 　10　 was where my love lay可知，设计课程让作者找到了自己热爱的东西。passion激情，酷爱；recognition承认；curiosity好奇心；innovation创新，改革。
10.C　根据下文working at the company became harder可知，作者意识到自己喜欢时装设计。arts技艺，人文科学；crafts工艺，手艺；fashion时尚，时装业；adventure冒险。
11.D　根据上文I felt bored.可知，作者所做的工作让作者感觉没有动力，没有成就感。promotion晋升，促销；vacation假期；business商业，企业；motivation动力。
12.D　根据空后studying my design course full time可知，作者最终决定辞职，全职学习设计。initially最初；instantly立刻；gradually逐渐地；eventually最终。
13.A　参见上题解析。job工作；dream梦想；interest兴趣；decision决定。
14.B　根据of my own fashion brand可知，作者是自己的时装品牌的设计师。teacher教师；designer设计师；inventor发明家；musician音乐家。
15.B　根据空后setting the wheels of change has led me to where I am today可知，作者对于自己做出改变从事自己热爱的设计行业感到非常幸运。inspired受到启发的，能力卓越的；blessed有福的，幸运的；relieved放心的，宽慰的；impressed有深刻的好印象。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从几个方面介绍了终身学习的重要性。
16.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，本文说明了终身学习的重要性，时态应用一般现在时；主语The answer是单数，故填is。
17.their　考查代词。此处修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词their，指代主语people。
18.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是People，指人，应用关系代词who/that。
19.doctors　考查名词的单复数。此处泛指“医生”，doctor是可数名词，应用名词复数表泛指。故填doctors。
20.to prepare　考查非谓语动词。get sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”。
21.on/upon　考查介词。depend on/upon ...意为“依靠……”，为固定搭配。
22.easily　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词短语take advantage of。
23.healthy　考查形容词。stay相当于系动词be，此处应用形容词，与independent并列。stay healthy意为“保持健康”。
24.how　考查疑问词。此处为“疑问词＋to do”结构，作动词learning的宾语；根据句意可知，表示“如何”，故填疑问词how。
25.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一位91岁的老人”，91-year-old的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
Ⅲ.
　　We started to meet regularly to draw up our panion as I was in the project， I still had no sense of participating in the project.My teammate kept his brain occupied in developing the hypothesis， setting up an experiment to test it， and running the tests alone， leaving me just standing beside him as if I were a fool.“What a dull project it is！” I murmured to myself.However， something changed gradually， as I became aware what the tactile-kinesthetic perception of space meant.Thanks to the intense， fiercely competitive， singularly serious fellow， the whole procedure went smoothly， close to the final stage.
　　One day in the middle of our project， I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. Without any delay， I packed up my schoolbag， took all the experiment statistics and rushed to the hospital.Seeing the pale fellow wearing pure white clothes instead of the annoying dark clothes， I felt a sense of sympathy and mercy welling up in my heart.With his guidance， I finished the statistical analysis and presented the findings.It turned out to be such an amazing and persuasive study that my teammate and I did win the best grade.Now， we have been most reliable cooperative partners ever since！
UNIT 3　War and peace
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.troops　2.commander　3.tanks　4.outstanding
5.liberate　6.Horror　7.violent　8.objective
维度二
1.barely　2.violence　3.liberation　4.horrible　5.memorial
维度三
1.make it
2.is made up of
3.nothing less than
4.prepare for
5.freeing people from
6.some measuring over 90 metres
维度四
1.troops　2.which　3.tides　4.issued　5.to fight
6.violence　7.fiercest　8.it　9.of　10.were seen
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了查尔斯·德鲁找到了处理和储存血液的新方法，还发明了移动献血站，帮助挽救了第二次世界大战期间无数的生命，因此被称为“血库之父”。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在20世纪30年代末，医院面临的问题是无法储存血液。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Using Presbyterian Hospital’s blood bank as ... processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals.可知，德鲁组织了血浆的收集和处理。
3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，这个为期三个月的试点项目成为第一个红十字会血库的模型，德鲁在这个项目中贡献了创新方法。由此可推出，这个试点项目具有开创性。
4.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了查尔斯·德鲁找到了处理和储存血液的新方法，还发明了移动献血站，帮助挽救了第二次世界大战期间无数的生命，因此被称为“血库之父”。由此可推出，B项（血库的发明者）最适合作本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一次世界大战爆发时，25岁的美国士兵Suleyman救了一个女孩，取名Flora。后来Flora被送入孤儿院，两人分开。多年后，两人再次取得了联系。
5.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文of the war， the girl was abandoned by her family and the whole village was killed可知，这个女孩被家人抛弃，整个村庄的人都被杀了。由此可知，战争血雨腥风、十分残酷，故画线词意为“残酷”。cruelty残酷；challenge挑战；range范围；stress压力。
6.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的When the French National Olympic Team ...Suleyman gazed through the audience on TV， hoping to catch a glimpse of Flora， but he never could.可知，Suleyman观看1984年夏季奥运会是因为Flora可能在看比赛。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的For one and a half years， Flora and Suleyman became inseparable可知，一年半的时间里，Flora和Suleyman形影不离。
8.C　标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文讲述了一个美国士兵在第一次世界大战期间救了一个法国小女孩，两人在一年半的时间里形影不离，后因故分开，最后又取得了联系的故事。由此可知，C项（失而复得的爱）适合作本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和同事们在诺曼底登陆纪念日前夕带领学生开展游学活动，引导学生感悟英勇顽强、奉献牺牲的精神。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，二十多年来，作者都会带学生来到奥马哈海滩开展游学活动。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Tears well up in my eyes at the memory of my father， who flew for 30 missions over France and Germany in the spring and summer of 1944.可知，作者的父亲在第二次世界大战期间曾执行了30次飞行任务。由此推断，作者的父亲二战期间在空军服役。
11.B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Bloody Omaha” was the deadliest beach of the landings.以及第六段中的Our students understand the sacrifices made that day and the cost of war， both humans and materials.可知，此次战争十分惨烈，美国人作出了巨大的牺牲。由此可知，列数字是为了表明美国人在这次任务中的牺牲。
12.B　推理判断题。根据第六段中的Pandemics，pollution and the threat of climate change present challenges that no previous generation has faced.可知，作者认为，年轻一代身处的世界充满挑战，发生了很多重大事件，变故也很多。peaceful和平的；eventful多变故的；fast-changing快速变化的；fully-globalized完全全球化的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。谢瑞·罗森布卢姆致力于宣传犹太游击队员反抗纳粹暴行的历史故事，为当代青少年呈现出不同于以往的历史视角。
13.F　F项提到的the violent act of Nazi camps与该空后一句提到的It was like watching a horror movie.相呼应，指出主人公谢瑞·罗森布卢姆和其他孩子一样受到的战争教育强化了纳粹的暴行和犹太人的软弱，符合语境。
14.D　根据空后一句可知，谢瑞向学生们宣扬犹太人反抗希特勒屠杀计划的历史，D项提到她努力讲述这段历史的不同部分，与上文It was totally the wrong way to be introduced to it相呼应，符合语境。
15.A　根据下文Some partisans were even younger.可知，许多游击队员是年轻人，故A项符合语境。
16.E　根据下文learning about this as a young Jew makes me feel proud to be Jewish可知，了解这些历史故事让犹太学生产生民族自豪感。因此，分享这些历史故事对犹太学生来说是极有用的，故E项符合语境。
17.G　该空后提到了这些历史给非犹太学生的三个启示，这与G项中的three things相呼应。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.is　2.are　3.was bought　4.are； are　5.was bought
6.was/were　7.has been； are
维度二
1.There are various means
2.is one of my favorite subjects
3.is enough
4.are searching for
5.were having dinner
6.have passed； is really a long time
维度三
1.were　2.were　3.is　4.was　5.is　6.is covered　7.are
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kateryna Shcherbyna为处于战乱、缺粮少食的马匹运送粮草的故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的horses were having trouble getting grain and hay可知，由于战乱导致运输不畅，Shcherbyna 的马匹缺少粮草。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each stable.可知， Shcherbyna打算通过少量多次的办法来运输粮草。
3.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的the only way to be safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible ... There were military actions可推知，Shcherbyna认为一些马的主人放生马匹并逃跑，这在战乱期间是可以理解的选择。
4.C　细节理解题。根据末段中的Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad可知，Shcherbyna未来想要去国外找一份和马有关的工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在这次战役前墨菲已经获得了很多奖。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和As they ran for cover可知，墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句可知，墨菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他才得以幸存。
8.C　推理判断题。根据末段中的Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home.可知，战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了特洛伊战争到底是神话还是真实的历史事件。
9.D　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的内容可知，作者在阅读一本由多位伟大作家翻译的古代故事书时惊讶地发现，特洛伊战争的故事随处可见。众多作家都受到感动，翻译了这则古典神话的各种版本。由此可推知，画线部分指的是特洛伊战争能够“触动很多人的心弦”。
10.A　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，人们相信特洛伊战争是真实发生过的，这一点并不奇怪。由荷马创作的古希腊史诗《伊利亚特》描述了残酷的战争场景，那些描述如此果敢，让人很难相信它们不是基于观察来进行描写的。荷马对特洛伊古城的描述非常生动，仿佛把读者带入了这座古城。由此推知，《伊利亚特》中描述的特洛伊战争故事太过逼真。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was in fact ... the late 19th century.可知，事实上，在19世纪后期，正是因为有发现特洛伊古城的可能性，普鲁士富商海因里希·施里曼才前往希沙里克。
12.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首先介绍了特洛伊战争的故事引起了大家的共鸣，其中一个原因就是一直有人怀疑那场战争是真实发生过的；第二段和第三段介绍了很多人认为特洛伊战争是真实历史事件的原因；最后一段指出，实际情况与荷马描写的情况可能大不相同，但不论事实如何，特洛伊战争都具有特殊的历史意义。因此A项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是一名图书管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
13.A　根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书管理员，热爱书籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识。meeting会面的；working工作上的；personal私人的；religious宗教的。
14.A　根据语境可知，当战争临近时，她担心战火会毁了这些书。worried担心的；angry生气的；doubtful怀疑的；curious好奇的。
15.B　Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，由此可知，书在她心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。practical实际的；precious珍贵的；reliable可信赖的；expensive昂贵的。
16.A　根据下文but they refused可知，想要把书移到一个安全的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。permission准许；confirmation证实；explanation解释；information信息。
17.D　根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书。由此可推断，她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。large大的；public公共的；distant遥远的；safe安全的。
18.D　上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地做转移书的事情。fortunately幸运地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；seriously严肃地；secretly秘密地。
19.D　根据上文Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.可知，她的朋友来帮助她。由此可推断，Anis同意帮助她藏一些书。并且下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐馆里。intend打算；pretend假装；happen发生；agree同意。
20.C　根据语境可知，他们应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。put放；open打开；pass传递；throw扔。
21.A　根据上文Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books.可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。hide藏；exchange交换；burn燃烧；distribute分配。
22.C　根据上文The books stayed hidden可知，书一直藏着，战争一直在持续。approach接近；erupt爆发；continue持续；end结束。
23.B　根据文章最后一句可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。由此可推断，之前的图书馆被烧毁了。restaurant餐馆；library图书馆；city城市；wall墙。
24.B　下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia才有机会去转移书。neighbour邻居；soldier士兵；friend朋友；customer顾客。
25.D　下文提到她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，由此可推断出，此处应该是书被再次移动。sell卖；read读；save拯救；move移动。
26.C　根据上文One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　 left.可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该是安静的。occupied被占领的；bombed烂醉如泥的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的。
27.A　根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以她一定是梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。dream of梦想；believe in相信；care about关心；look for寻找。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部以抗日战争为背景的国产电影《黄河绝恋》。
28.a　考查冠词。story 是可数名词，此处泛指一个关于爱、勇气和决心的故事，且空后powerful的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 a。
29.separated　考查非谓语动词。separate 和 a young couple 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填separated。
30.vividly　考查词形转换。根据空后的动词shows可知，本空应用副词形式。故填vividly。
31.With　考查介词。空处在句中作状语，意为“利用……”。故填With。
32.bravery　考查词形转换。根据空前的定冠词the及空后的of Chinese soldiers可知，本空应用名词 bravery作宾语。
33.to defend　考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式，故填to defend。
34.courageous　考查词形转换。本空修饰名词spirit 作定语，应用形容词courageous，意为“勇往直前的精神”。
35.who　考查定语从句。句中先行词为表示“人”的代词 those，需用 who 引导限制性定语从句。
36.stands　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是the strength of love，且表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
37.has been touching　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语ever since it first appeared on the screen 可知，此处需用现在完成时，另外根据 this influence will surely continue on and on 可知，这种影响将会继续下去，需用进行时态。故填has been touching。
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.academic　2.representatives　3.peers　4.bombs
5.anniversary　6.rough　7.grain　8.emerge
维度二
1.collective　2.intellectually　3.academic　4.irrelevant
5.aggression　6.dedication　7.glorious　8.invader
维度三
1.a large sum of money
2.relevant to
3.fought against
4.It is no wonder that
5.Not only do the nurses demand a pay rise
维度四
1.joined　2.known　3.with　4.better　5.by　6.Driven　7.to fight　8.physically　9.talented　10.contribution
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个支持和平的艺术家的经历和感受。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的My trips to Baghdad standing for peace caused huge stress for my family and me.可知，让作者感到有压力的是他对和平的大力支持。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I wanted to create something ...in Hudson’s Hope.可知，作者创作Peace Image的原因是想要创造出一件更为长久的作品。
3.C　观点态度题。根据第四段中的For more than 50 years now，I’ve felt pleased to be able to express myself through my art.可推出，作者对自己的艺术作品是满意的。
4.A　标题归纳题。文章为“总—分—总”结构，第一段点明文章主旨，讲述了作者是一位支持和平的艺术家，再结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了这位艺术家在维护和平方面的经历和感受。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。对于历史事件的考证不能仅凭文字记录，要注重文字记录和实物相互印证，以帮助我们重现真实的历史。
5.A　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，你就不能仅依靠文字。因为文字是人类的后期成果之一，直到最近甚至许多有文字的社会不仅用文字，还用实物来记载对他们重要的事情。所以此段是说过去的历史事件应结合文字和实物来呈现。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及该段最后一句可知，库克船长的记录是片面的。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的a history told through things gives them back a voice和本段最后两句可知，only one half of a dialogue与other half of that conversation呼应，共同构成更客观的历史全貌。由此可知，conversation指的是历史。
8.C　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述的重点是强调历史实物考证的重要性，故本文最可能选自《100件实物中的世界历史》。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人类是否能够防范战争的问题。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won， but it requires the effort of every one of us可知，在作者看来，和平可以通过全人类的努力来赢得。
10.A　推理判断题。根据第四至六段内容可知，作者设想在将来，人类将武器和资源用于改善人民的生活，因而“乐观”一词可以最好地描述作者想象的画面。
11.C　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，军事设备可用于和平用途。
12.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述了防范战争的可能性以及为了和平我们该怎么办。因此C项（战争与和平）最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在第一次世界大战期间出现的新事物，如夏令时、血库、好莱坞以及整形手术等。
13.A　空后提到：协约国很快也采用了夏令时。A项（德国人在1916年率先采用了夏令时）与下文衔接紧密，且都在描述一战时的情况，符合语境。
14.C　空后的连词but表转折，且提到在一战之前医生们很少给病人输血。C项（输血起始于17世纪）与but后内容形成转折关系，符合语境。
15.B　空前提到：由于很多欧洲国家处于战火之中，欧洲电影业的规模也急剧缩减。B项（那给美国人打开了大门）与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。
16.E　空后提到：英国的军医Harold Gillies和他的同事们给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些手术大部分针对因枪击导致面部受伤的士兵。E项（第一次世界大战让许多士兵留下伤疤、落下残疾）引出下文，符合语境。
17.F　空前提到：英国的军医Harold Gillies和他的同事们给很多在战争中受伤的士兵做手术，这些手术大部分针对因枪击导致面部受伤的士兵。F项（Gillies作为现代整形外科手术之父而出名）与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Qiu Shaoyun， a soldier in the People’s Liberation Army during the early 1950s， displayed extraordinary heroism in the Korean War when he chose to endure fatal burns to protect his comrades.
　　Qiu sacrificed his life for the revolutionary cause at the young age of 26， and his spirit was immortalized.His story reminds us that the cost of war is immense and that the preservation of peace is something everyone should strive for. As we admire his courage and loyalty， we are inspired to cherish peace and go for a harmonious world.
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a war hero
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sharon Estill Taylor的父亲在二战中牺牲，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor最终找回父亲的遗骸的故事。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，祖母给了Taylor一个银盒子，里面装着父母从高中到1945年的大约450封手写信件。由此可推知，Taylor的父母过去经常给对方写信。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor有可能参观潜在的坠机地点。由此可知，一开始德国还没有统一，这阻止了Taylor寻找父亲的遗骸。
3.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Taylor广泛地分享了她的故事，提高了人们对那些永远不会从战争中回来的士兵以及找回士兵遗骸工作的重要性的认识。据估计，仍有81，000名在过去战争中死亡的美国军人的遗体下落不明，但幸运的是，人们一直在努力寻找阵亡军人，并为他们的家人带来安慰。由此可推知，Taylor想让别人知道她的故事是因为她想证明找回英雄遗骸的可能性。
4.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Taylor的父亲在二战中牺牲，随着柏林墙的倒塌，Taylor最终找回父亲的遗骸的故事。因此B项（让英雄回家）最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。成年人应该以身作则，通过自己的行动向年轻人示范正确的冲突解决方式。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the root of the conflict we are trying to address is much deeper and needs to include more people in the conversations 可知，学校在调解过程中发现冲突通常不仅仅涉及学生本人，还可能涉及其他家庭成员。因此，需要拓展对话范围以深入解决冲突根源。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的During the beginning parts of the mediation， some of the adults in the room started to become heated and defensive ...a grandmother and one of the moms.可知，在调解初期，房间里的一些成年人情绪激动，都在为自己的孩子辩解。一场冲突在一位祖母和一位妈妈之间发生了。由此可推知，那位祖母和那位妈妈当时都很生气。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的They left the room together and as the adults watched from the window， they hugged each other and apologized.可知，孩子们走出房间后，模仿着大人们的样子，相拥在一起并向彼此道歉。
8.B　标题归纳题。根据最后一段并结合文中的案例可知，本文意在传达：成年人的言行举止会对青少年产生重要的影响。成年人应该以身作则，通过示范告诉年轻人如何正确解决冲突，从而在潜移默化中改变他们的行为方式。因此B项为本文的最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了二战老兵彼得·戴维斯在妻子去世之后，在女儿的建议下去当地小学当志愿者，与孩子们的接触让他重新找到了生活的意义，也因此成为名人。
9.A　根据he felt like “almost soul”可以推断，此处指他在坦白自己内心的感受，当结婚72年的妻子6年前去世时，彼得 戴维斯承认他觉得自己几乎成了魂灵。admit承认；接纳；suspect怀疑；猜想；prove证明；证实；argue争论；辩论。
10.B　根据语境可知，妻子的去世让彼得·戴维斯内心非常难过，所以女儿建议他去努力寻找新的人生目标。refuse拒绝；struggle挣扎；斗争；regret遗憾；后悔；pretend假装。
11.B　根据下文Peter chose to 　15　 at a primary school， and he was a huge 　16　 with all of the children he tutored.可知，彼得·戴维斯接受了女儿的建议，决定去当地小学帮忙。fail失败；determine决定；request要求；forget遗忘。
12.A　根据上文I was married for 72 years， and when my wife died可知，妻子的去世让生活发生了显著的变化。dramatically剧烈地；明显地；temporarily暂时地；casually随意地；secretly秘密地。
13.D　根据上文The 100-year-old man from Macclesfield， England 　10　 to find new purpose in his life可知，女儿希望彼得能够重新发现生活的意义所在，找到生活的目标，做一些他有能力做的事情。information信息；creation创造；affection 喜爱；爱慕；meaning意义。
14.C　参见上题解析。afraid害怕；tired疲惫的；厌倦的；capable胜任的；ashamed羞愧的。
15.D　根据上文so when his daughter suggested he offer his help at the local elementary school， he 　11　 to go for it可知，女儿鼓励他到当地的一所小学去帮忙，即做志愿者。study学习；研究；perform表演；表现；实施；investigate调查；volunteer自愿做。
16.C　根据语境可知，彼得很受孩子们的欢迎。star星星；明星；scholar学者；hit很受欢迎的人；model模式；模型；模特。
17.B　根据空后的reading into a fun game可知，彼得将阅读变成了孩子们喜欢的游戏。expand扩展；扩大；transform使改变形态；recover恢复；compare比较。
18.C　根据as a grandfatherly figure made him feel more connected to his community than ever before可知，彼得的到来对于孩子们来说是作为爷爷般的新身份。responsibility责任；challenge挑战；status地位；身份；mission使命。
19.D　根据下文彼得说的话可知，此处指的是彼得对于孩子们的表现很满意，称赞孩子们很棒。assistant助手；助理；instructor指导者；applicant申请人；kid儿童；小孩。
20.A　根据下文I’m part of it.可知，在彼得看来自己是这个社会的一分子。belong to属于；object to反对；adapt to适应；reach to触及。
21.B　根据下文Wherever I go in the village， a child will shout “Hello， Mr Davies”. I feel 10 feet tall.可知，不管彼得出现在村子的什么地方，都会有孩子与他打招呼，由此可以看出他很受孩子们欢迎，即他的形象在孩子们眼中非常好。apparent明显的；tremendous巨大的；极好的；flexible灵活的；particular特定的；挑剔的。
22.C　根据with a British Empire Medal （BEM） on television with the youngest recipient， 18-year-old Dara McAnulty可知，彼得被授予了大英帝国勋章（BEM）。remark评论；accompany陪同；honour尊重；授予荣誉；impress给……以印象；使铭记。
23.D　Dara McAnulty 18岁就获得了大英帝国勋章（BEM），所以彼得为他感到高兴。concerned担心的；关心的；respectful恭敬的；有礼貌的；embarrassed尴尬的；delighted高兴的。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大医师亨利·诺尔曼·白求恩对医学和中国的贡献和帮助，以及中国对他的怀念和赞扬。
24.determination　考查名词。根据介词with和不定冠词a可知，空处应用单数名词作宾语。
25.graduating/graduation　考查非谓语动词或名词。介词after后应用动词-ing形式或名词作宾语。
26.more　考查形容词的比较级。根据上文He reinvented or redesigned over 10 medical instruments可知，重新发明或设计的10多种医疗器械应该是更好用，应用形容词的比较级作宾语补足语。
27.Despite　考查介词。由（assist） the Chinese people和the difficult situation可知，前后构成让步关系，且空后是名词短语，所以此处应用介词despite表示“尽管”，首字母应大写。
28.to assist　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
29.taught　考查动词的时态。teach和helped，showed （一般过去时）是并列谓语动词，所以空处也应用一般过去时。
30.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个独特的人物”，unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。
31.are used　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合时间状语now可知，时态应用一般现在时，又因主语Some of the surgical tools和谓语动词use是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态；主语Some of the surgical tools是复数形式，因此谓语应用复数形式。
32.Sadly　考查副词。修饰后面的整个句子，应用副词，位于句首，首字母应大写。
33.which　考查定语从句。此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是an article，指物，在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which。
Ⅳ.
　　Seeing Charlie won first prize in 100 meters， Bill felt very bad and then made a decision. Soon it was the time for the sack race. Bill showed up on the track early， thinking he would spare no effort in this game to beat Charlie. When the race began， Bill glanced at Charlie next to him and said，“I will beat you definitely.” Then Bill jumped forward with all his strength at his first attempt. Slowly Charlie was left behind， but suddenly Bill tripped and fell onto the ground.When Charlie came to him， he found Bill’s ankle was bleeding and he couldn’t get up.
　　Charlie then took Bill to the school doctor who tended his injured leg. Charlie didn’t go back and gave up the race at last. Looking at Charlie， Bill lowered his head full of shame. After a while， he opened his mouth and said sincerely，“I’m sorry. I know I was wrong and beg for your forgiveness.” Charlie responded immediately with a smile，“From today on we will be friends forever.” So since that day Bill has changed completely.
UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.assistants　2.victims　3.capacity　4.regulate　5.artificial
6.leaped　7.humanity　8.automation
维度二
1.illegal　2.immoral 　3.existence 　4.regulations
5.capacity　6.potentially　7.analysis　8.assistance
维度三
1.hang out
2.in contrast to
3.had no choice but to
4.happen to
5.Thanks to
6.either a camera or a mobile phone
7.If so
维度四
1.existence　2.convenient　3.built　4.immediately
5.preferences　6.solving　7.but　8.is prepared　9.into　10.to embrace
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Glass Health公司如何利用人工智能技术改变医疗行业，以及该技术的用户增长情况。文章还提到了独立研究人员对该技术的担忧和Paul的回应。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的These firms believe ... and improve the patient-doctor relationship.可知，Glass Health目前的项目可以减轻医生每天面临的文书工作压力，并改善医患关系。
2.A　观点态度题。根据第二段中Pearse Keane说的话可知，Pearse Keane教授对医学领域最新的人工智能技术感到兴奋，但是他认为任何涉及患者健康决策的事情都应该非常谨慎地对待。也就是说他对此抱有客观的态度。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，为了确保Glass AI的可靠性，Paul的公司要求Glass AI的人工智能系统使用由人类医生编写的虚拟医学教科书作为主要的事实来源，而不是从原始的ChatGPT信息库中工作。也就是说以人类的智慧作为医学实践的基础。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断出，越来越多的人开始选择Glass AI。由此可知，Glass Health的市场潜力巨大。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些人担心，人工智能工具正在把语言学习变成一种弱化的追求，文章对这种现象进行了介绍。
5.D　段落大意题。根据第一段中的Some are concerned that AI tools are turning language learning into a weakening pursuit.和第二段内容可知，前两段主要是讲人工智能工具削弱了语言学习的需求。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的He describes giving a broken， difficult speech in Chinese， which required a lot of work but offered a sense of satisfaction at the end.可知，道格拉斯对语言学习持支持态度。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，第四段中的第二组缺乏学习语言的动力。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二至四句可知，作者在最后一段中通过举例来强调自己的观点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前人们对人工智能的炒作感到恐慌的现状。国际政界人士和监管机构聚集在布莱切利公园参加为期两天的人工智能安全会议，一起讨论如何减轻未来的这些风险。
9.A　推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，克莱格会提到20世纪80年代的道德恐慌是为了提出对人工智能不必要的担忧。
10.C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，克莱格的话表明人们应该理性对待人工智能的发展。
11.A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的TSection Ⅳ　Continuing a sci-fi story
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　Kyra Peralte， the mother of two in New Jersey， thought keeping a diary might help people sort out tangled （错综复杂的） feelings. So she made an unusual 　1　. She invited women from near and far to 　2　 the pages of her black-and-white notebook with their own tales， which she named “The Traveling Diary”.
　　“I want people to 　3　 with each other，” Peralte says，“and it feels warm to 　4　 people’s encouraging words to others.” She found her first 　5　 during a Zoom conference for entrepreneurs （企业家）. When she 　6　 the diary， a woman in North Carolina immediately said she would like to join it.
　　From there， Peralte posted an article about her idea on Medium in an effort to get more women 　7　. Soon later， so many wanted to participate that Peralte came up with a（n） 　8　： Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and write as many pages as she wishes. Then she is 　9　 for mailing it to the next person， whose 　10　 is provided by Peralte.
　　“I had just recently lost my brother. By the time I actually 　11　 it， it was much more of a 　12　，” one of the members says. “And writing in it helped me look for the meaning of life and growth that occurs in 　13　 times.”
　　“It has really evolved into a community，” Peralte says. She sends participants a weekly newsletter （内部通讯） and often hosts Zoom events 　14　 the women get the chance to know one another more， share stories and connect more 　15　 with each other.
1.（　）A.request B.offer
C.statement D.conclusion
2.（　）A.copy B.explain
C.learn D.fill
3.（　）A.interact B.cooperate
C.debate D.compete
4.（　）A.summarize B.describe
C.repeat D.read
5.（　）A.representative B.investor
C.writer D.assistant
6.（　）A.recognized B.mentioned
C.composed D.improved
7.（　）A.understood B.acknowledged
C.convinced D.involved
8.（　）A.assumption B.prediction
C.system D.goal
9.（　）A.responsible B.qualified
C.eager D.ready
10.（　）A.employment B.address
C.agreement D.project
11.（　）A.collected B.received
C.purchased D.published
12.（　）A.memory B.regret
C.relief D.promise
13.（　）A.busy B.hesitating
C.confusing D.terrible
14.（　）A.so B.until
C.once D.unless
15.（　）A.purposefully B.internationally
C.closely D.frequently
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　According to a report by South China Morning Post， China is planning to launch a hyperloop （超级高铁）， also known 16.　　　　　　 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 17.　　　　　　 （plan）， the new train will be the world’s fastest ground-based transport.
　　In the past few days， the Chinese government officers 18.　　　　　 （announce） the approval of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its 19.　　　　 （long） will be 175 kilometers， and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1，000 km/h， 20.　　　　　　 means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
　　The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology， 21.　　　　　 （allow） faster travel between several major cities.The hyperloop provides 22.　　　　　 high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 23.　　　　 （far） advance China’s position as a leader in transport.
　　A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 24.　　　　　　 （it） first test runs.These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong， Shanxi Province. However， the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It 25.　　　　　　 （expect） to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·福建南平高二上期末）One morning， John Evans entered my life. He was a newcomer， whose parents had recently arrived in our town for seasonal apple picking. In worn-out clothes， he stood in front of our class， shifting from foot to foot. As our teacher， Mrs Parmele， penned his name in the roll book， whispers of disapproval began floating from row to row.
　　Mrs Parmele looked up at us and the whispering stopped.“Class， this is John Evans，” Mrs Parmele announced， trying to sound friendly. John looked around and smiled， expecting somebody would smile back. Nobody did.I held my breath， hoping Mrs Parmele wouldn’t notice the empty desk next to mine. She did and pointed him in that direction. He smiled at me as he slid into the seat， but I turned my eyes away.
　　A week passing by， John still had no friend.“It’s his fault，” I told my mother one night. “He barely even knows how to count.” My mother had grown to know John through my nightly comments. She always listened patiently and sometimes nodded thoughtfully.
　　Another day at lunchtime，“Can I sit by you？” John stood by me， plate in hand and smile on face. I looked around and agreed a bit unwillingly. As I watched him eat and listened to him chat， it dawned on me that he was actually pleasant to be around.And I was determined John would remain friendless no longer.
　　One evening， when Mother kissed me good night， I uttered，“Mom， tomorrow is John’s birthday. He’s not going to get anything. No cake. No presents. Nobody even cares.” Mother and I both knew whenever a kid had a birthday， his mother would bring cupcakes for the class. But John’s mother worked all day. His special day would go unnoticed！ “Don’t worry，” Mom said，“I’m sure everything will turn out fine.”
　　The next day， I wished John a happy birthday first thing in the morning， and his embarrassed smile showed me he was glad I had remembered.Till the last class， nothing special happened.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Suddenly I heard a familiar voice singing the birthday song.
　　John kindly shared his cupcakes with the class.
1 / 6Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.His handwriting 　　　　　　（倾斜） backwards， which is different from others.
2.The eye is one of the most 　　　　　　（灵活的） parts of the human body.
3.The children were 　　　　　　（跳跃） around the playground.
4.Police are still looking for c　　　　　　 in their search for the missing girl.
5.The old man f　　　　　　 when Tony disrupted the important meeting.
维度二：词形转换
1.She can do a wonderful 　　　　　　（imitate） of a blackbird’s song.
2.The little girl hugged her dad 　　　　　　（tight） and gave him a picture she had done using her hands.
3.The company undertakes 　　　　　　（mechanic） work on all types of cars.
4.Facing these two aggressive dogs， I 　　　　　（desperate） felt at a loss.
5.Remember to maintain 　　　　　　（consistent） of topic and content in your writing.
6.Technical experts also pointed out that the design was 　　　　　　（fault）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.There are hundreds of people who are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（渴望收养孩子）.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （尽管他年轻）， he was qualified for the demanding job. （倒装句）
3.What we say should 　　　　　　　　　　　（与……一致） what we do.There should not be contradiction in our words and actions.
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （直到几年后） I realized the real importance of the gift.
5.People have to 　　　　　　　　　　（改变他们的想法） to adapt to the new situation.
6.He is studying 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（人类与动物之间的区别）.
7.Don’t worry.Your performances are excellent and you 　　　　　　　　　（肯定会） be admitted to the company.
8.Suspecting the traveller of carrying drugs， the Custom official stopped him and 　　　　　　　（仔细检查） his suitcase.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Jimmy， whose arms and legs were long and agile，was Moon-born.He could handle the lunar gravity 1.　　　　　　 no Earth-born human being could.However，he couldn’t visit Earth， so his father， 2.　　　　　　 had left Earth 15 years ago，brought 3.　　　　　　 real dog for him， though he had a mechanical dog， Robutt.
Jimmy’s father 4.　　　　　　 （explain） to him what a real dog is and would have some other boy or girl keep Robutt.Jimmy frowned.He said that Robutt understood 5.　　　　　　 （he）.His father continued to talk about the 6.　　　　　　 （differ） between Robutt and the dog，7.　　　　　 （say） that the dog would really love him while Robutt was just adjusted 8.　　　　　　 （act） as though it loved him.
Jim held Robutt 9.　　　　　　 （tight） and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind.He said，“I love Robutt and that’s what 10.　　　　　　 （count）.”
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·广西桂林高二上期末）The Beatles have released the last song they recorded.The song is titled Now and Then. It was written by John Lennon in 1977. He sang it at the piano and recorded it in 1979 at his home. The other Beatles added to the track over the years. Recording engineers used AI technology to bring the song to life， resulting in a sound like the four Beatles recorded it together in a studio. The song has been released as a double-A side single. The flip side of the record is a new mix of the band’s first single Love Me Do. This was first released in 1962. Now and Then will also be the final track on a new edition of the Beatles’ legendary greatest hits “blue” album. This is a collection of their classics from 1967－1970.
　　Beatles member Paul McCartney spoke to reporters about the new song. He said，“It’s quite emotional. And we all play on it. It’s a genuine Beatles recording.” He spoke about his excitement at being able to release a new song， saying，“In 2023， to still be working on Beatles music， and to release a new song the public haven’t heard， I think it’s an exciting thing.” McCartney was also excited about hearing John Lennon’s voice. He said it was “crystal clear”. Lennon was shot dead by a fan outside his New York home in 1980. Beatles drummer Ringo Starr said recording the song was “the closest we’ll ever come to having （John Lennon） back in the room”. He said it was “very emotional for all of us”.
1.What can be learned about Now and Then？（　　）
A.It was first released in 1962.
B.It was a song created by John Lennon in 1979.
C.The four Beatles didn’t actually record it together.
D.It was AI technology that helped to write the song.
2.Why was Paul McCartney excited when interviewed by reporters？（　　）
A.Because the song was emotional.
B.Because he could play on a new song.
C.Because John Lennon came back in the room.
D.Because the band could release a new song that people hadn’t heard before.
3.Who is John Lennon？（　　）
A.The Beatles singer.
B.The Beatles engineer.
C.The Beatles drummer.
D.The Beatles manager.
4.Where is this text probably taken from？（　　）
A.A news website. B.A travel blog.
C.A science fiction. D.A nature magazine.
B
　　（2024·山东潍坊高二上期末）All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords， combining pet names with numbers， symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence （AI） model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes （按键）.
　　At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model， they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed.This， in theory， would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to obtain what is being typed including messages and passwords.
　　The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard.This is needed to train the algorithm （计算程序）. While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone， it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modern MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced， the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand， they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.
　　“If you get enough data， a model can be built pretty easily，” Oli Buckley， a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard， it will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice， quiet keyboard， so the idea is that if it works on something quiet， it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards.”
　　While this all sounds pretty scary， not to mention a new form of hacking （侵入） to look out for， it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds.
　　“A good sample of data is needed for it to work， so this changes if you’re using a Dell， a MacBook or an external keyboard.Also， factors change. Some people type loader and harder， or my keyboards full of cat hairs so that impacts things slightly，” says Buckley.
5.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　）
A.Why protective steps are needed.
B.Why a set of training data is vital.
C.How you document secret information.
D.How hackers gain data from targeted computers.
6.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？（　　）
A.The keyboard. B.The model.
C.The waveform. D.The computer.
7.What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.AI understands exactly what you’re typing.
B.Purchasing expensive computer is necessary.
C.Cats play an important role in privacy protection.
D.Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy.
8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.A scary danger is on the way.
B.A new form of hacking troubles us.
C.AI can transform the digital world in a big way.
D.AI can discover passwords by listening to your type.
C
　　（2024·河南郑州高二上期末）Since 2001， robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery （外科手术）. They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
　　One example is“keyhole surgery”， which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient. But in June 2022， surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks （操纵杆） to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor （癌症肿瘤）. “My colleague said that this feels like cheating，” Ansell said to The Guardian.
　　Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery. Telesurgery， or remote surgery， is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
　　Normally， telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery. But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
　　China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing， a distance totaling nearly 3，000 kilometers， reported CGTN. More recently， a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city， reported China Daily. The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou， Guangdong Province， but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou， Hainan Province.
　　Looking to the future， people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance. Some even believe that robotic systems， combined with AI， could one day surpass （超过） human surgeons.
　　But， in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots， the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
9.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show？（　　）
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5D technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
10.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery？（　　）
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
11.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field？（　　）
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
12.What is the passage mainly about？（　　）
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　2050 seems a long way away， but it is not impossible to predict the future though. With the speed we are moving now so many amazing things are going to happen in the future. So where is technology going in the future？ 13.（　　）.
　　◇The Internet will be free for everyone.
　　The Internet is really a key driver these days. But it is not free for everyone yet. There have already been attempts like Facebook’s Free Basics. 14.（　　）， there is a very strong possibility that the Internet will be free for everyone in the future.
　　◇Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys.
　　With the increasing population， it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. 15.（　　）， so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people. Of course， there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes.
　　◇Most cancers will be treated successfully.
　　16.（　　）.It will be a huge achievement in the history of medical science. Many studies are already showing a trend towards this.
　　◇17.（　　）.
　　There will be great achievements in space research. In the year 2050， humans will be able to live on Mars. We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth — like planet.
A.Though it hasn’t happened yet
B.Let’s start our predictions
C.The world’s population will cross 9.6 billion
D.What do you think of my predictions of 2050
E.Humans will live on other planets
F.There will be much heavier traffic on the road
G.The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　（2024·河北邢台高二上期末）学校英语俱乐部就Should AI Be Applied to Our Study？的话题展开辩论赛。请你作为反方一辩，表达你的观点，内容包括：
　　1.你方观点；
　　2.陈述理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Honorable judges and distinguished friends，
　　Thank you！
1 / 6Section Ⅱ　Using language
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1.John， as well as his wife and children， 　　　　（be） going to visit China next week.
2.In the past few days the professor along with his assistants 　　　　　　　　（work） on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
3.Most of the food was eaten but the rest 　　　　（throw） into the trash bin.
4.There 　　　　　　（be） a teacher and many students in the old photo.
5.Large quantities of information on this topic 　　　　　　（be） available on the Internet.
6.A large number of students in our school 　　　　　　（be） from the countryside.
7.Large amounts of data 　　　　　　　　（collect） in the past ten years.
8.Every boy and girl 　　　　　　（show） great interest in extra curriculum activities.
9.Half of the building 　　　　　　　　（destroy） by the earthquake up to now.
10.At Christmas each boy and each girl 　　　　（give） a present.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.Jackie， with his parents， 　　　　　　　　　　Europe on business next week.
杰基和他的父母打算下周去欧洲出差。
2.The son， rather than his parents， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　the fire accident.
对这场火灾事故有责任的是儿子， 而不是他的父母。
3.The teacher as well as his students 　　　　　　　　　　　　　tomorrow.
这位老师和他的学生们明天去植树。
4.One survey shows that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　every year in China.
一项调查显示，中国每年都会浪费大量的水。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 those who always depend on others.
不仅是我，他也瞧不起那些总是依赖别人的人。
6.Either you or Jack 　　　　　　　　　　　　　the manager to attend the meeting.
不是你就是杰克要代替经理参加会议。
7.Being addicted to electronics 　　　　　　　　our health.
沉迷于电子产品对我们的健康有害。
8.Each of the girls 　　　　　　　　　　　pop music in her class.
她班上每个女孩都喜欢流行音乐。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　Thirty years 1.　　　　　　 （be） not a long period in history， but every man and every woman 2.　　　　　　 （change） a lot in the past thirty years.When it comes to the development of China， none of us 3.　　　　　　 （doubt） that either the surroundings or the policy 4.　　　　　　 （benefit） us a great deal.With thirty years’ development， China， along with its people， 5.　　　　　　 （stand） higher on the stage of the world.Although there 6.　　　　　　 （exist） an environmental problem and other ones， like housing and crimes， the public 7.　　　　　　 （have） a strong belief that tomorrow will be better.Whether we can realize our dream 8.　　　　　　 （depend） on our own effort.To construct our country 9.　　　　　 （be） a great honour， so not only you but also I 10.　　　　　　 （be） the one who should be devoted to making our country a splendid one.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　There’s a new AI bot： ChatGPT， and you’d better pay attention， even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large， powerful AI system can achieve.
　　ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue， using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned （a method of transfer learning） using both supervised and reinforcement learning （监督和强化学习）.
　　You can ask ChatGPT anything， like explaining physics， asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming （编程） help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet， but it can be creative， and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch， more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January， accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
　　ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server （服务器）， it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access， there is an option for you. As of 1 February 2023， OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan， ChatGPT Plus， which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
　　However， ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions， but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT？（　　）
A.Its language model.
B.Its working theory.
C.Its design inspiration.
D.Its development process.
2.Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B.To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C.To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D.To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
3.What is ChatGPT Plus intended for？（　　）
A.Guiding users to experience free services.
B.Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
C.Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
D.Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.
4.What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google？（　　）
A.It operates based on limited data.
B.It takes more time to search for solutions.
C.It can only update information at a fixed time.
D.It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
B
　　Just a year ago， Sarah fulfilled the dream of owning her own bakery， which was very popular in the local and provided a well-off life for Sarah and her family. But last February， all fell apart， after a car accident left Sarah disabled.“I could barely talk or move，” she sobbed.
　　Darkness and depression drowned Sarah， help seemed out of reach； she couldn’t afford a psychologist. Even worse， she had no health insurance.
　　So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a “friendly” and “mental” tool， asking the patient some questions， like “How are you feeling？” or “What’s bothering you？” After the patient responds to the questions， the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers， and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists.
　　That is how Sarah found herself on a new frontier of technology and mental health. Advances in artificial intelligence are increasingly being looked to as a way to help people who suffer from mild depression or anxiety.
　　There are， of course， still plenty of doubts about whether machines can read or respond to the human emotions accurately. “Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions， let alone imitate mental care，” a psychology professor in a mental health center said.
　　However， supporters of chatbot treatment say the approach may also be the only realistic and affordable way. It meets a huge worldwide need for more mental healthcare at a time when there are simply not enough professionals to help all the people who could benefit.
5.What can we know about Sarah from the first two paragraphs？（　　）
A.Her family fell apart in an accident.
B.She was nearly drowned in an accident.
C.She suffered a series of misfortunes then.
D.Her dream came true despite an accident.
6.How does the chatbot work according to the passage？（　　）
A.It answers personal questions.
B.It offers free face-to-face service.
C.It treats patients with medical care.
D.It stores related messages in advance.
7.Why do people doubt about the chatbot？（　　）
A.It is unable to respond to human emotions.
B.It may not react to human emotions correctly.
C.It copies the complexities of human emotions.
D.It imitates mental care from human psychologists.
8.Which of the following maybe the purpose of this passage？（　　）
A.To introduce a free mental-care chatbot.
B.To encourage readers to learn from Sarah.
C.To suggest a new way to do mental research.
D.To call for more attention on mental healthcare.
C
　　（2024·广西玉林高二上期末）In South Korea， students should pay for everything they learn in classes from K-pop auditions to real estate deals. Now， top Korean firms are introducing artificial intelligence in hiring and job seekers want to learn how to defeat the robots to get a job.
　　Many major South Korean companies like SK Innovation and Hyundai use AI in hiring， which generates classes for AI hiring booming fast. Career advisor Park Seong-jung is now offering a three-hour training course in handling recruitment， screening by computers， not people.
　　Preparing for such tests doesn’t necessarily involve simply memorizing answers. “Don’t force a smile with your lips，” Park Seong-jung told students looking for work in a recent session， one of many in which he said he has conducted for hundreds of people. “Smile with your eyes.”
　　One AI video system reviewed by Reuters asks candidates to introduce themselves， during which it spots and counts facial expressions including “fear” and “joy” and analyses word choices. It then asks questions that can be tough，“You are on a business trip with your boss and you spot him using the company credit card to buy himself a gift. What will you say？”
　　Kim Seok-wu， a 22-year-old senior at a top university， recently failed to get beyond an AI interview for a management position at a retail company. “I think I will feel hopeless if all companies go AI for hiring，” Kim said.“The AI interview is too new， so job hunters don’t know what to prepare for and any preparations seem meaningless since AI will read our faces if we make something up.”
9. Why do students in South Korea pay to study courses like AI hiring？（　　）
A.They want to be more competitive when faced with AI interview.
B.Big companies are in favor of it and want them to beat the androids.
C.They want to learn some AI knowledge and learn how to smile before AI.
D.AI can analyze their facial expressions and help to prepare for the interviews.
10. How does AI interview the job applicants according to the test？（　　）
A.By making a self introduction and answering some questions.
B.By asking interviewees how to deal with the boss’s asking for a gift.
C.By looking at what words the interviewees use when answering difficult questions.
D.By demanding an introduction， observing facial expressions and asking challenging questions.
11.What may be the job seekers’ attitude towards the AI in hiring？（　　）
A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.
C.Uncaring. D.Contradictory.
12. What is the style of the text？（　　）
A.A news report.
B.A job interview.
C.Scientific paper.
D.A job-seeking lecture.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　Lino Marrero is a young inventor. For him， being an inventor is about helping the world by creating 　13　 to everyday challenges.“I always start with a problem and see how it 　14　 people，”he says.
　　Due to 　15　 fingers， little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin. But his 　16　for music inspired him to invent a“String Ring”. It is an adjustable band that 　17　 a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing.
　　A year later， Marrero created a（n） 　18　 shoe with replaceable soles （鞋底） after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment.“Shoe waste 　19　 a lot to landfills （垃圾填埋场），” he says，“since it has rubber soles that don’t 　20　 easily.” Instead of owning 　21　 shoes for different sports， his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards.
　　Marrero’s latest invention， Kinetic Kickz， was the 　22　 of his personal experience. Having finished soccer practice， he found his cellphone was out of 　23　.Suddenly， he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer. Then he created a shoe insert （插入物） that 　24　 energy and changes it into battery power to 　25　 a cellphone.
　　As a high school freshman now， Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors， too.“Younger people often have novel 　26　 that can be useful in making creations，” Marrero says.“We need to get a chain going， where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 　27　.”
13.（　）A.additions B.solutions
C.reactions D.connections
14.（　）A.bothers B.assesses
C.distracts D.conducts
15.（　）A.short B.painful
C.faulty D.abnormal
16.（　）A.passion B.experience
C.curiosity D.concern
17.（　）A.decorates B.stretches
C.weakens D.protects
18.（　）A.up-to-date B.good-looking
C.eco-friendly D.risk-free
19.（　）A.owes B.contributes
C.devotes D.applies
20.（　）A.die out B.end up
C.break down D.run out
21.（　）A.fashionable B.expensive
C.similar D.various
22.（　）A.copy B.fruit
C.award D.label
23.（　）A.power B.order
C.demand D.service
24.（　）A.uses B.generates
C.collects D.consumes
25.（　）A.repair B.update
C.design D.charge
26.（　）A.viewpoints B.comments
C.predictions D.occupations
27.（　）A.in conclusion B.in brief
C.in turn D.in advance
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