【培优方案】UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future（讲义）（教师版）外研英语选择性必修第三册

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Artificial Intelligence①：A REAL THREAT②？
In the words of③ Professor Stephen Hawking， artificial intelligence will be “either the best， or the worst thing， ever to happen to④ humanity”.Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI.Is it our greatest human achievement so far？ Or is it the biggest threat to our existence？
Millenniumbutterfly
Thanks to AI， I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant⑤ built into my phone.[1] She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her， and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences⑥. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast⑦， my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.[2]Every recommendation⑧ she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
　　[1]and连接并列谓语；I put to her为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词question。
　　[2]句子主干为Every recommendation is great； she gives me为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词Every recommendation；since引导原因状语从句；if引导宾语从句。
And speaking of hanging out⑨， I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon.I’ve been taking driving lessons for over a year， and still haven’t got my licence.Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do， and can make judgements based on⑩ information.And as they won’t be susceptible to human error ， they’ll certainly be a lot safer.[3]The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market， so perhaps I’d better learn to drive first. Still， I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier.
　　[3]本句为so连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，that引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句；在第二个分句中，to drive为动词不定式作宾语。
Popkid
[4]The technology you’re using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can’t think independently without programming . Of course， it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI — a truly independent form of artificial intelligence， capable of exercising its own judgement， could help us solve many of the world’s problems.But have you ever thought about the risks？ After all， why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans？ We could be seen as a “small” inconvenience that’s in the way of a solution to a bigger problem.If we’re lucky， AI might think we’re valuable enough to keep around.[5]If not， it might wipe us all out ！
　　[4]you’re using and enjoying today为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词technology；which引导定语从句。
　　[5]if not为if引导的条件状语从句的省略句。
Even if that doesn’t happen， there are other risks.Millenniumbutterfly， you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars， but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs ？ They would just be among the first victims of AI.Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run .Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports.As it is ， almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.
Pink_haze
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world.I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data ， which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history， if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands ， it could also be the most dangerous.However， AI is not going to go away.We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it.One thing I think we all agree on， though， is that saying “My AI did it！” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour！
【读文清障】
①artificial adj.人造的，人工的
artificial intelligence 人工智能
②threat n.威胁
③in the words of 用……的话说
④happen to sb 发生在某人身上
⑤assistant n.助手，助理
assist v.帮助，援助
assistance n.帮助，援助
⑥preference n.爱好；偏好
prefer v.较喜欢
⑦in contrast 相比之下
⑧recommendation n.推荐；建议；介绍
recommend v.推荐；建议；介绍
⑨hang out 闲逛
⑩be based on 基于……，在……基础上
susceptible adj.易受影响的
be susceptible to 易受……影响
human error 人为错误
on the whole 总的来说；基本上，大体上
programme v.为……设定程序
n.（计算机）程序设计，程序编制，编程
be capable of 能够……
exercise v.运用，使用
inconvenience n.不便；麻烦
convenience n.方便，便利
convenient adj.方便的，便利的
wipe out 彻底消失；全部摧毁
lose one’s job 失去工作，失业
victim n.受害者
potentially adv.潜在地
potential adj.潜在的 n.潜力
in the long run 从长远来看
be replaced with 被……取代
as it is 实际上
automation n.自动化
be prepared for 为……做好准备
lie in （问题、答案、责任等）存在，在于
capacity n.能力，才能
analyse v.分析
analysis n.分析
interpret v.诠释，解释
vast amounts of data大量的数据
leap n.剧变；飞跃
fall into the wrong hands
落入坏人手中
have no choice but to do sth
除了做某事别无选择
regulate v.控制，管理
regulation n.章程，法规
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
legal adj.合法的
immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
【参考译文】
人工智能：真正的威胁？
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话说，人工智能将是“人类有史以来最好或最坏的事情”。明日科技论坛希望听到您对人工智能的想法。到目前为止，人工智能算是我们人类最伟大的成就还是对我们生存的最大威胁呢？
千禧蝶
多亏了人工智能，我才可以在手机中内置个人超级智能私人助手。我向她提任何问题，她总能立即答复，甚至可以通过我的答案了解更多关于我的个人偏好。过去，我觉得自己有50%的时间花在了研究新餐厅上。相比之下，有了私人助手，只需数秒就能找到正确的餐厅了。因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅，所以她给我的每一个建议都很棒。
说到出去玩，我希望自动驾驶汽车能很快面世。我已经上驾驶课一年多了，但仍然没有拿到驾照。自动驾驶汽车可以学习与我们相同的驾驶模式，并且可以根据信息做出判断。而且由于它们不会受到人为错误的影响，肯定会安全得多。唯一的问题是，当第一批汽车上市时，可能会有一些机器学习问题，所以也许我最好先学会驾驶。不过，我确实认为，总体而言，人工智能的发展将使日常工作变得更加容易。
小破孩儿
你今天正在使用和享受的技术是人工智能的基本形式，没有程序它就无法独立思考。当然，拥有更先进的人工智能形式非常有用，这种更先进的人工智能形式是一种真正独立的人工智能形式，能够运用自己的判断力，可以帮助我们解决世界上的许多问题。但是你是否考虑过风险？毕竟，为什么独立的人工智能形式需要考虑人类的选择和欲望？我们可能会被视为解决更大问题道路上的一个“小”麻烦。如果幸运的话，人工智能可能会认为我们足够有价值，可以留下来。否则，它可能会消灭我们所有人！
尽管还没有发生什么，但确实存在其他的风险。千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车会很棒，但出租车司机会失业这个问题呢？他们将会是人工智能的第一批受害者。长此以往，几乎所有工作都可能处于潜在危险之中。甚至现在的新闻工作者也正在被可以撰写简单的新闻报道的技术所取代。实际上，在未来20年中，美国有将近50%的工作会受到自动化的威胁。
事实上，我们中没有人做好了面对人工智能的挑战的准备。
粉红_烟雾
机器学习作为现代世界的一部分，已经成为我们接受的东西。我认为人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解析庞大数据的能力，也就是说它甚至能够解决对于人类专家来说具有挑战性的问题。
虽然超智能AI可能是人类有史以来的最大飞跃，但如果出错或者落入坏人手中，它同时可能是最危险的。但是，人工智能不会消失。我们别无选择，只能接受它并加以规范。不过，我想大家都认可的一点就是，“这是我的AI做的！” 这句话不会成为非法行为或不道德行为的任何借口。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What can we know about Millenniumbutterfly？（　　）
A.He is a boss or a manager.
B.He cannot drive cars now.
C.He is skeptical of AI.
D.He is waiting for self-driving cars appearing.
2.What can we learn about AI according to Popkid？（　　）
A.AI cannot think independently without programming.
B.AI can help us solve all the problems.
C.Humans can’t be regarded as enemy by AI.
D.AI will bring about more jobs to people.
3.What does “it” refer to in the sentence “If not， it might wipe us all out！” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.A less advanced form of AI.
B.Human’s thoughts.
C.AI.
D.The use of AI.
4.Which of the following may Popkid agree with？ （　　）
A.AI will never replace humans.
B.It would be great to have self-driving cars.
C.In the long run， AI can cause many people to lose their jobs.
D.All of us are well prepared for the challenges of AI.
答案：1－4　BACC
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.In what way does AI have an impact on your daily life？
　Household appliances such as electric lights， televisions， air conditioners and so on and furniture pieces are controlled by a smartphone with a touch screen.　
2.Should we humans limit the development of AI？Why？
　Maybe one day we will control the development of AI.But now， we need to develop AI to solve some real problems.Anyway， there are many problems that mankind cannot solve at present.　
第四步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using comparison.
　It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.In contrast，my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences using personification （拟人）.
　（1）Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.　
　（2）If we’re lucky，AI might think we’re valuable enough to keep around.If not， it might wipe us all out！　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Every recommendation is great，she gives me为　定语　从句，省略了关系代词　that或which　；since引导原因状语从句，在since从句中，if引导　宾语　从句。
自主翻译 　因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅，所以她给我的每一个建议都很棒。　
2.The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market，so perhaps I’d better learn to drive first.
句式分析 本句为　并列　句。在第一个分句中，that引导　表语　从句，when引导　时间状语　从句。
自主翻译 　唯一的问题是，当第一批汽车上市时，可能会有一些机器学习问题，所以也许我最好先学会驾驶。　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
happen to sb发生在某人身上
【教材原句】　In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking， artificial intelligence will be “either the best， or the worst thing， ever to happen to humanity”.
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话说，人工智能将是“人类有史以来最好或最坏的事情”。
【用法】
happen to do sth 　　碰巧做某事 happen to be doing sth　　碰巧在做某事 happen to have done sth　　碰巧做过某事 as it happens＝by chance　　令人惊奇的是；恰恰 It happens that ...　　碰巧……
【佳句】　Instead of just letting life happen to you， set goals and change your life.
与其逆来顺受，不如设定目标，改变生活。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I happened 　to read　 （read） the advertisement that you posed on the Internet.
【写美】　一句多译
②你打电话时我碰巧在开会。
→　I happened to be having a meeting　 when you called.
→　It happened that I was having a meeting　 when you called.
assistant n.助手，助理
【教材原句】　Thanks to AI， I’ve got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone.
多亏了人工智能，我才可以在手机中内置个人超级智能私人助手。
【用法】
（1）an assistant to ...　　……的助理 （2）assist v.　　帮助；协助；援助 　　帮助某人做某事 （3）assistance n.　　援助；帮助；协助 with the assistance of ...　　在……的帮助下 come to one’s assistance 　　来帮助某人 technical assistance　　技术援助
【佳句】　The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
经理提出了一个建议：我们应该有一个助手。有太多的工作要做。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　With　 the assistance of his teacher， he gradually adjusted to the school life.
②The old man isn’t really employed at the supermarket.He is just helping out voluntarily until the new young 　assistant　（assist） arrives.
【写美】　补全句子
③I hope you can 　assist us to learn/in learning more about British and Western culture　， which can increase our understanding and help build a good relationship between us.
我希望你能帮助我们更多地了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。
in contrast 相比之下
【教材原句】　In contrast， my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.
相比之下，有了私人助手，只需数秒就能找到正确的餐厅了。
【用法】
contrast ...with/and ...　　把……和……相对比 in contrast to/with　　与……相比 by contrast　　相比之下，对比起来 contrast with＝make a contrast with 　　与……形成对照
【佳句】　In contrast to kids who max out their parents’ credit cards， my son has sound financial management.
和刷爆父母信用卡的孩子相比，我的儿子有着合理的财务管理。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Contrast her early writings 　with/and　 her later work， you can see her progress.
②Their economy has declined，while ours， 　by　 contrast， has expanded.
【写美】　一句多译
③黄色窗帘与蓝色床罩形成对照。
→The yellow curtains 　make a contrast with　 the blue bedcover.
→The yellow curtains 　contrast with　 the blue bedcover.
hang out 闲逛，闲荡；挂出
【教材原句】　And speaking of hanging out， I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon.
说到出去玩，我希望自动驾驶汽车能很快面世。
【用法】
hang around　　闲荡，逗留 hang on　　紧抓不放，坚持；别挂断电话 hang up　　挂断电话；搁置，拖延 hang over　　（威胁或疑虑）笼罩，萦绕 hang on to　　坚持住；抓紧；保留
【佳句】　I like to hang out at the mall with my friends every weekend.
每个周末我都喜欢和朋友们一起去购物中心闲逛。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①My sister often hangs 　out　 in the biggest shopping mall.
②The bus was late so I had to hang 　around　 the bus station for a while.
③The line is busy.Hang 　on　 a minute.
【写美】　补全句子
④Let’s 　hang on to those old photos　 — they may be valuable.
咱们留着那些老照片吧——它们或许有价值。
victim n.受害者，罹难者，牺牲品；受骗者，上当的人
【教材原句】　They would just be among the first victims of AI.
他们将会是人工智能的第一批受害者。
【用法】
成为……的牺牲品（或受害者） accident victims　　事故罹难者
【佳句】　Besides， we have also collected some basic necessities， such as clothes and food for the victims.
此外，我们还为受害者收集了一些基本的必需品，如衣服和食物。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At Brussels airport he fell victim 　to　 pickpockets who pinched his wallet.
【写美】　一句多译
②这个地区的海龟经常成为污染的受害者。
→Sea turtles in this region often 　fall victim to pollution　.
→Sea turtles in this region often 　become a victim of pollution　.
potentially adv.潜在地
【教材原句】　Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
长此以往，几乎所有工作都可能处于潜在危险之中。
【用法】
potential adj.　　潜在的，有可能的 n.　　潜力，潜能，可能性 （a） potential for （doing） sth　　（做）某事的潜力 have the potential to do sth　　有做某事的潜力 achieve/fulfill/realise one’s （full） potential　（充分）发挥某人的潜能
【佳句】　Mountain climbing is becoming a popular sport， but it is also a potentially dangerous one.
登山正在成为一项流行的运动，但它也是一项潜在的危险运动。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①On the whole， he has the potential 　to become　 （become） a world-class basketball player.
②Are they 　potentially　 （potential） harmful to the consumer of the plant？
【写美】　补全句子
③With the College Entrance Examination approaching， the teacher encouraged us 　to achieve/fulfill/realise our full potential　.
随着高考的临近，老师鼓励我们充分发挥自己的潜力。
capacity n.能力，才能
【教材原句】　I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data ...
我认为人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解析庞大数据的能力……
【用法】
（1）in one’s capacity as ...＝in the capacity of ...　作为……；以……资格、身份或职位 beyond one’s capacity　　超出某人的能力范围 a capacity for　　……的能力 the capacity to do sth　　做某事的能力 have a capacity of 　　有……容量 （2）capable adj.　　有能力的；能干的 be capable of doing sth　　有能力做某事
【佳句】　She has an enormous capacity for hard work.她特别能吃苦耐劳。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In his capacity 　as　 captain， he’s got the right to tell us what to do.
②It seems to be 　beyond　 his capacity to follow simple instructions.
③Limited resources are restricting our capacity 　for　 developing new products.
【写美】　同义句转换
④We have the capacity to finish the work efficiently and make the clients satisfied.
→We 　are capable of finishing　 the work efficiently and make the clients satisfied.
leap n.剧变；剧增；跳跃 v.跳跃；跃过
【教材原句】　But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history， if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands， it could also be the most dangerous.
虽然超智能AI可能是人类有史以来的最大飞跃，但如果出错或者落入坏人手中，它同时可能是最危险的。
【用法】
leap forward　　迅猛发展 leap to one’s feet　　赶紧站起来 leap into action　　断然采取行动 take a leap 　　跳跃 leap off the page　　跃然纸上 leap out at sb　　引起了某人的注意
【佳句】　As the Chinese saying goes， “Look before you leap.”
正如中国谚语所说，“三思而后行。”
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Contemporary art has taken a huge leap 　forward　 in the last five or six years.
②They leapt 　into　 action immediately they received the emergency call.
【写美】　补全句子
③The cat 　took a leap　 from the chair as if something had caught her attention.
那只猫从椅子上跳了下去，好像什么东西引起了她的注意。
illegal adj.非法的，违法的
【教材原句】　One thing I think we all agree on， though， is that saying “My AI did it！” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour！
不过，我想大家都认可的一点就是，“这是我的AI做的！”这句话不会成为非法行为或不道德行为的任何借口。
【用法】
（1）It is illegal to do sth 　　做某事是违法的 It is illegal for sb to do sth某人做某事是违法的 （2）legal adj.　　合法的，法律的 It is legal for sb to do sth　　某人做某事是合法的 （3）legally adv.　　合法地；法律上 illegally adv.　　非法地
【佳句】　It is illegal to sell cigarettes to teenagers.
向青少年售卖香烟是违法的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It’s illegal 　to read　 （read） people’s private letters without permission.
②It is illegal 　for　 public officials to request gifts or money in exchange for favors to them.
③He was caught for operating a business 　illegally　 （illegal）， which led to serious consequences.
【写美】　翻译句子
④开车闯红灯是违法的。
　It’s illegal to drive through a red light.　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：either ...or ...连接并列成分
【教材原句】　In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking， artificial intelligence will be “either the best， or the worst thing，ever to happen to humanity”.
用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的话说，人工智能将是“人类有史以来最好或最坏的事情”。
【用法】
句中either ...or ...连接两个表语，表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”。 （1）either ...or ...表示“不是……就是……；或者……或者……”时，相对应的反义短语为neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，两者都常用来连接两个并列成分。 （2）连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词要和邻近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近一致”原则。 （3）neither ...nor ...连接两个句子且置于句首时，因neither和nor都是否定意义的词，前后两句都要用倒装语序。 （4）遵循“就近一致”原则的并列连词还有： not only ...but also ...不仅……而且…… not ...but ...不是……而是…… ...or ...……或者……
【品悟】　Some people who were caught in the water were either unconscious or burst into tears with pain.
一些被困在水里的人要么失去知觉，要么痛苦得哭了起来。
【写美】　微写作
①我希望你要么给我寄一本新书，要么把钱退给我。（投诉信）
I hope you 　either deliver a new book to me or give my money back　.
②你可以通过拨打俱乐部办公室电话8759632或在网站上申请报名俱乐部。（邀请信）
You can sign up for the club 　either by calling the club office at 8759632 or applying　 on the website.
③她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从路上移开。（心理描写）
　Neither she nor her friends　 thought about moving the stone out of the road.
④关于中国题材的纪录片，无论是在中国还是在其他国家拍摄的，越来越受到外国人的欢迎。（投稿）
Documentaries about China， produced 　either in China or in other countries　， are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners.
句型公式：if引导的条件状语从句的省略
【教材原句】　If not， it might wipe us all out！否则，它可能会消灭我们所有人！
【用法】
句中if not 是if we’re not lucky的省略句，表示否定意义。 （1）在状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且谓语动词为be动词时，就可以省去其主语和be动词。 （2）if构成的省略句： if not 如果不这样的话，不然 if so 如果这样的话 if any 如果有的话 if ever 如果有过或发生过的话 if necessary/possible 如果有必要/可能的话
【品悟】　It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not， turn it off！
只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着——如果不用的话，就把它关掉！
【点津】　在“If＋动词-ing形式”结构中，主句主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻辑上的主谓关系；在“If＋动词-ed形式”结构中，主句主语和从句中的谓语动词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
【写美】　微写作
①就在这时，市长说：“这些金子是你的吗？如果不是，我们一定要找到失主！”（语言描写）
At that moment， the mayor said， “Is this gold yours？ 　If not　， we surely must find the owner！”
②既然穿校服好处多多，为什么不现在就开始呢？如果这样，一个更加和谐的校园一定会被建立。（建议信）
Since wearing school uniforms benefits a lot， why not start it right now？ 　If so　， a more harmonious campus is sure to be built.
③如果有必要的话，我们应该帮助那些急需帮助的人。（倡议书）
We should help those who are in great need 　if necessary　.
④如果你住在市中心，你会发现自己因交通堵塞而心烦意乱。
You’ll find yourself upset by traffic jams 　if living　 in the center of the city.
维度一：品句填词
1.The professor wants to find two 　assistants　 （助手） who are worth depending on and won’t let him down.
2.The mother of one of the 　victims　 （受害者） described what had happened to them.
3.The young people in our company do have the 　capacity　 （能力） to do a good job.
4.You should learn to 　regulate　 （管理） your eating habits to keep fit.
5.The beautiful small city is dotted with small lakes， natural and 　artificial　 （人工的）.
6.Shares in the company leaped　 250 per cent compared to the last year.
7.We want a clean healthy environment for all humanity　.
8.European buyers now want modern homes with home automation　 systems.
维度二：词形转换
1.George was introduced to 　illegal　 （legal） activities at a young age， when he was hired to act as a lookout for drug dealers.
2.The surgeon was struck off because of his 　immoral　（moral） behaviour.
3.So scientists are trying their best to save the species from going out of 　existence　（exist）.
4.Safety 　regulations　 （regulate） should be obeyed by all staff members in the company.
5.The last five years have seen a huge increase in the country’s export 　capacity　 （capable）.
6.This crisis is 　potentially　 （potential） the most serious in the organization’s history.
7.Sophisticated statistical 　analysis　 （analyse） was employed to obtain these results.
8.Only a small percentage of the countries are thankful for our 　assistance　 （assist）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.I used to 　hang out　 （闲逛） with them when I was free.
2.Only my cousin has chosen to apply for a job in Africa 　in contrast to　 （与……相比） the majority of this year’s graduates working in Britain.
3.She 　had no choice but to　 （除了……别无选择） ask for a few days’ leave.
4.There are some things that you can only understand when they 　happen to　 （发生） you.
5.　Thanks to　 （多亏） the artificial intelligence，the disabled can enjoy the superb convenience of life without having to step outside.
6.I’m going to buy 　either a camera or a mobile phone　 （一个照相机或者一部手机） with the money.
7.It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine.　If so　 （如果是这样的话）， we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Is artificial intelligence the greatest human achievement or the biggest threat to our 1.　existence　 （exist）？ People in the Technology of Tomorrow Forum have different views.Millenniumbutterfly thinks that his daily life is more 2.　convenient　 （convenience） with the advance of artificial intelligence.For example， he has got his super-smart personal assistant 3.　built　 （build） into his phone.The assistant answers any question he puts to her 4.　immediately　 （immediate） and even uses his answers to learn more about his 5.　preferences　 （prefer）.He hopes that more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon， so that people can enjoy more and more benefits.Popkid admits that more advanced AI could be helpful in 6.　solving　 （solve） the world’s problems， 7.　but　 there is a high level of risk involved.Actually none of us 8.　is prepared　 （prepare） for the challenges of AI.In Pink_haze’s opinion， if super-intelligent AI goes wrong or falls 9.　into　 the wrong hands， it could also be the most dangerous.We have no choice but 10.　to embrace　 （embrace） it and regulate it.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·吉林白山高二上期末）Glass Health is a San Francisco-based company co-founded by Dereck Paul and Graham Ramsey. It began by offering an electronic system for keeping medical notes and is now among several companies hoping to use artificial intelligence chatbots （聊天机器人） to make a difference in medicine. These firms believe that their programs could significantly reduce the paperwork pressure physicians face daily， and improve the patient-doctor relationship. “We need these folks not in burnt-out states， trying to complete documentation，” Paul says.
　　Some independent researchers have expressed their fears of the rush to include the latest AI technology in medicine. “I think it’s very exciting， but anything that involves decision-making about a patient’s health should be treated with extreme care，” says Pearse Keane， a professor of artificial medical intelligence at University College London in the United Kingdom.
　　Paul says he is well aware of the problems and that doctors who use his company’s AI system need to check it. “You have to supervise （监督） it in the way you supervise medical students， which means that you can’t be lazy about it，” he says.
　　His company is now working to reduce the risk of errors. He believes the underlying technology can be turned into a powerful engine for medicine. Paul and his co-workers have created a program called “Glass AI” based on ChatGPT. A doctor tells the Glass AI chatbot about a patient， and it can suggest a list of possible diagnoses （诊断） and a treatment plan. Rather than working from the raw ChatGPT information base， the Glass AI system uses a virtual medical textbook written by human doctors as its main source of facts — something Paul says makes the system safer and more reliable.
　　Last December， his company had around 500 users. But after they introduced their chatbot， the numbers jumped.“We finished January with 2，000 monthly active users， and in February we had 4，800，” Paul says. Thousands more signed up in March， as overworked doctors lined up to give AI a try.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了Glass Health公司如何利用人工智能技术改变医疗行业，以及该技术的用户增长情况。文章还提到了独立研究人员对该技术的担忧和Paul的回应。
1.What could Glass Health’s present program do？（　　）
A.Boost patients’ mental health.
B.Update hospitals’ medical records.
C.Help reduce errors in doctors’ treatment.
D.Relieve doctors pressure of handling paperwork.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的These firms believe ... and improve the patient-doctor relationship.可知，Glass Health目前的项目可以减轻医生每天面临的文书工作压力，并改善医患关系。
2.What is Professor Pearse Keane’s attitude to the latest AI technology in medicine？（　　）
A.Objective.　　 B.Supportive.
C.Worried.　　 D.Opposed.
解析：A　观点态度题。根据第二段中Pearse Keane说的话可知，Pearse Keane教授对医学领域最新的人工智能技术感到兴奋，但是他认为任何涉及患者健康决策的事情都应该非常谨慎地对待。也就是说他对此抱有客观的态度。
3.How does Paul’s company ensure Glass AI’s reliability？（　　）
A.By operating the system based on doctors’ advice.
B.By employing medical students to use the system.
C.By training chatbots to select correct raw ChatGPT information.
D.By drawing on human wisdom as the basis for medical practices.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，为了确保Glass AI的可靠性，Paul的公司要求Glass AI的人工智能系统使用由人类医生编写的虚拟医学教科书作为主要的事实来源，而不是从原始的ChatGPT信息库中工作。也就是说以人类的智慧作为医学实践的基础。
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Glass Health has vast market potential.
B.Doctors will be free from paperwork soon.
C.Glass Health has an unstable number of users.
D.Doctors need a balance between life and work.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断出，越来越多的人开始选择Glass AI。由此可知，Glass Health的市场潜力巨大。
B
　　（2024·山东菏泽高二上期末）Some are concerned that AI tools are turning language learning into a weakening pursuit. More and more people are using simple， free tools， not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps’ conversation mode， you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later； the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours.
　　Others are less worried.Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of on-going contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanising themselves or training their brains. On their holiday， they just want a beer and the spaghetti without incident.
　　Douglas Hofstadter， an expert in many languages， has argued that something profound （深刻的） will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a broken， difficult speech in Chinese， which required a lot of work but offered a sense of satisfaction at the end.
　　As AI translation becomes an even more popular labor-saving tool， people can be divided into two groups. There will be those who want to stretch their minds， expose themselves to other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This group will still take on language study， often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and puzzlement， as they might with extreme endurance （耐力） sports： “Good for you， if that’s your thing， but a bit painful for my taste.”
　　But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analysing the benefits of close relationships to heart-health but overlooking the inherent （固有的） value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or ruin a joke in broken German， you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put delicate differences on an argument， that connection is more profound still. The best relationships do not require a medium.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些人担心，人工智能工具正在把语言学习变成一种弱化的追求，文章对这种现象进行了介绍。
5.What is the first two paragraphs mainly about？（　　）
A.Communicating through apps is simple.
B.Apps provide a one-way interactive process.
C.Using apps becomes more and more popular.
D.AI tools weaken the needs of language learning.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据第一段中的Some are concerned that AI tools are turning language learning into a weakening pursuit.和第二段内容可知，前两段主要是讲人工智能工具削弱了语言学习的需求。
6.What is Douglas’ attitude to language learning？（　　）
A.Favorable.　　 B.Objective.
C.Doubtful.　　 D.Unclear.
解析：A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的He describes giving a broken， difficult speech in Chinese， which required a lot of work but offered a sense of satisfaction at the end.可知，道格拉斯对语言学习持支持态度。
7.What do we know about the second group mentioned in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.They are keen on foreign culture.
B.They long to join in endurance sports.
C.They find AI tools too complex to operate.
D.They lack the motivation to learn language.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，第四段中的第二组缺乏学习语言的动力。
8. How does the author highlight his argument in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.By providing examples.　　B.By explaining concepts.
C.By stating reasons.　　 D.By offering advice.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二至四句可知，作者在最后一段中通过举例来强调自己的观点。
C
　　（2024·福建漳州高二上期末）Nick Clegg， one of the most powerful executives， has compared the hype （炒作） over artificial intelligence to the 1980s-era “moral panic （恐慌）” over video games， which gives a warning to international politicians and regulators when they gather for a two-day conference at Bletchley Park on AI safety.
　　“New technologies always lead to hype，” Clegg stated，“they often lead to excessive （过度的） passion among the advocates and excessive pessimism （悲观） among the critics. I remember the 80s. There was this moral panic about video games. There were moral panics about radio， the bicycle， and the Internet.”
　　Much of the conversation this week will focus on longer-term risks， including the potential for an AI system to escape human control， with many experts warning that a sufficiently advanced system could even pose a threat to humanity itself.
　　“The risks posed by frontier AI are serious and it is critical that we work together to recognise these risks.” Michelle Donelan， the UK’s science and technology secretary， said before the conference. “This conference provides an opportunity for us to ensure we have the right people gathered around the table to discuss how we can mitigate these risks moving forward.Only then will we be able to truly harvest the benefits of this innovative technology in a responsible manner.”
　　Officials say one of the main aims of the conference is to persuade those at the cutting edge of developing AI technology to slow down their efforts to build the most advanced models.
　　But Clegg’s comments suggest that is likely to be a hard challenge.He said too much government involvement may stand in the way of AI innovation.“In this area， it is really important to allow innovators， builders to develop these technologies without immediately assuming that whatever they do next is going to pose some existential risk.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前人们对人工智能的炒作感到恐慌的现状。国际政界人士和监管机构聚集在布莱切利公园参加为期两天的人工智能安全会议，一起讨论如何减轻未来的这些风险。
9.Why does Clegg mention the moral panic in 1980s？（　　）
A.To suggest unnecessary worry about AI.
B.To sound an alarm against AI.
C.To introduce AI safety concept.
D.To offer a solution to politicians.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，克莱格会提到20世纪80年代的道德恐慌是为了提出对人工智能不必要的担忧。
10.What do Clegg’s statements imply in Paragragh 2？（　　）
A.People prefer to go to extremes.
B.People will be trapped in AI longer-term risks.
C.People should treat AI development reasonably.
D.People still fear the moral panic caused in the 1980s.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，克莱格的话表明人们应该理性对待人工智能的发展。
11.What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Reduce.　　 B.Evaluate.
C.Identify.　　 D.Bear.
解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的The risks posed by frontier AI are serious和Only then will we be able to truly harvest the benefits of this innovative technology in a responsible manner.可知，会议上大家一起讨论如何减轻人工智能带来的风险。所以mitigate意为“减轻”，和reduce同义。
12.What is Clegg’s attitude towards AI development？（　　）
A.Disapproval.　　 B.Supportive.
C.Concerned.　　 D.Objective.
解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，克莱格对人工智能的态度是支持的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Drone technology is continuously advancing and being put to several novel uses around the world. Below are several brilliant applications of drone technology.
　　Shipping and delivery
　　13.（　　） Drones could save a lot of manpower and move unnecessary road traffic to the sky.Besides， they can be used over smaller distances to deliver small packages， food， letters， medicines， and the like.
　　Disaster management
　　Drones provide a quick means， after a natural or man-made disaster， to gather information and look for injured victims.14.（　　） This saved resources of manned aircraft.Where larger aircraft would prove dangerous or inefficient， drones， thanks to their small size， are able to provide a close-up view of areas.
　　Precision agriculture
　　Farmers are always looking for cheap and effective methods to regularly monitor their crops. Infrared （红外线的） sensors in drones can be tuned to detect crop health， enabling farmers to react and improve crop conditions locally， with inputs of fertilizer or insecticides （杀虫剂）.15.（　　）
　　
Weather forecasting
　　Drones are being developed to monitor dangerous and unpredictable weather. 16.（　　） Therefore， scientists and weather forecasters acquire new insights into their behavior.Its specialized sensors can be used to detail weather conditions， collect data， and prevent unfortunate accidents.
　　Wildlife monitoring
　　Drones have helped prevent wildlife crimes. 17.（　　） With thermal imaging （热成像） cameras and sensors， drones have the ability to operate during the night.This enables them to monitor and do research on wildlife without causing any disturbance， providing insight on their patterns， behavior， and habitats.
A.They give rescue teams access to a higher field of view.
B.These autonomous flying devices are widely used in photography.
C.This leads to more efficient and productive agricultural operations.
D.The destruction of any of the player’s drones results in the other’s win.
E.They provide effective protection to animals like elephants and big cats.
F.Many major international shipping companies are in favor of drone delivery.
G.Since they are cheap and unmanned， drones can be sent into hurricanes and storms.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机技术的几种应用。
13.F　根据设空处所在段落小标题和下文可知，本段内容与运输有关，故F项符合语境。F项中的shipping companies和drone delivery分别与小标题中的Shipping和delivery相呼应。
14.A　设空处前一句指出在灾难发生后，无人机能够快速收集信息，寻找伤员；设空处后一句说明了这样就节省了有人驾驶飞机所消耗的资源，A项符合语境。A项中的They指代上文中的Drones，A项中的rescue teams与设空处前一句中的injured victims相呼应。
15.C　上文介绍了无人机技术能帮助农民监测农作物的健康状况，并在局部范围内改善作物状况，C项紧承上文，作出进一步说明，符合语境。C项中的This指代上文说明的情况，C项中的agricultural与小标题中的agriculture相呼应。
16.G　设空处前一句介绍了无人机可用于监测危险、不可预测的天气。设空处后一句指出，因此，科学家和天气预报员对它们的行为获得了新的认识。G项符合语境，与下文构成因果关系。设空处后一句中的their指代G项中的hurricanes and storms。
17.E　上文说明了无人机能帮助防止野生动物犯罪的发生，下文具体介绍了无人机是如何监测野生动物的，E项符合语境。E项中的animals like elephants and big cats与小标题中的Wildlife以及本段中两次出现的wildlife相呼应。
19 / 19Section Ⅳ　Continuing a sci-fi story
Step 1　品教材范文
　　Carolyn had a long commute to the prison， even by aircar.When she arrived， everything seemed normal， except for a robot lying at the front gate， motionless.“It’s an old model，” she thought.They broke down now and again.She passed through the gate， noting that everything else was apparently in order.
But just as she closed her office door behind her， a loud alarm sounded.Carolyn’s blood froze.She had only ever heard that sound during drills.“It can’t be！” she thought.A general systems failure！ She looked out of the reinforced glass of her office window into the prison below.Sure enough， the robots were out of control.Most had stopped moving at all.Some spun aimlessly around and around.But others were randomly operating things， including the cell gates， and she could see prisoners rushing out to freedom.“Grab the robots’ weapons and run！” shouted the prisoners.
Carolyn opened her bag and reached for her emergency call device.Her heart sank as she realised she had left it at home.I need to call in the police， she thought.But how？ Without the device， she couldn’t communicate.Nothing in the prison would work properly now.
There was a voice behind her.“Looking for one of these？”
Carolyn gasped.“Julius！” There was her second-in-command， holding an emergency caller in his hand.“What are you doing in my office？”
“It should be my office！” snarled Julius.“I’ve worked here for forty years ...and the City Commissioners gave you the job as prison governor！ But now you’ll pay.You’ll all pay！ I can make every robot in every prison in the city go crazy.The prisoners will escape， and the city will burn！”
Then the door burst open， and the room was suddenly flooded with riot police.And there was ...Todd！
“I took the aircar over here to bring you this，” he said quietly， winking as he pushed the emergency call device secretly into her hands.“I could see there was trouble， so I activated it to call in the police.”
“It was Julius，” said Carolyn， watching the police bundle Julius out of the door.“He’s gone mad.”
“Sure，” said Todd.“But now we know how easy it is to cause a mass robot breakdown.You’ll have to write a report.Make some recommendations to upgrade the robots.”
“I know.” Carolyn slid from Todd’s hug and walked towards the door.She could see the police rounding up the prisoners.“But right now， I’ve got a prison to run.”
Step 2　析写作手法
学语言：
　　本文为科幻文的故事续写。本文的写作思路为：匆忙上班、未见异常→应急报警、机器故障→忙寻设备、落在家里→同事嫉妒、伺机陷害→丈夫报警、警察出现→后悔当初粗心大意。
学结构：
　　续写范文故事曲折动人，恰当运用“伏笔”等写作手法，增强了故事的逻辑性，使读者回味无穷。例如第一段中的everything seemed normal为接下来发生机器故障起了暗示作用；进办公室之后，主人公Carolyn做出一系列的动作（closed her office door→a loud alarm sounded→Carolyn’s blood froze），体现了变化之出乎意料；再接下来找报警器的时候，再次做出一系列动作（opened her bag→reached for her emergency call device→her heart sank），形象地表现了Carolyn刚刚燃起的希望被无情浇灭后失望的状态；当Julius拿着她的备用报警器出现时，作者使用gasped，让Carolyn再次燃起希望，结果Julius一连串疯狂的语言描写又一次摧毁Carolyn的希望；最后（Then the door burst open， and the room was suddenly flooded with riot police.）Todd及时报警终于让坏人落网。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、情感心理描写
1.Seeing their task finished， they felt a sense of satisfaction.
看到任务完成了，他们感到一种满足感。
2.The news depresses her.
这个消息让她沮丧。
3.Tears filling her eyes， she offered her heartfelt gratitude.
她热泪盈眶，表示衷心的感谢。
二、动作描写
1.He beamed on his visitors.
他笑容满面地面对他的客人们。
2.I still remember the shock that rooted me flat against the wall.
我仍然记得当时我惊呆了，靠在墙上，一动不动。
3.The next day， it was a very sad girl who dragged into the principal’s office.
第二天，一个十分伤心的女孩，拖着脚步走进校长办公室。
4.Lucy’s mom sensed her daughter’s worry and gave her a reassuring pat on the back.
Lucy的妈妈察觉到了女儿的担忧，拍拍她的背安慰她。
5.Emily， moved and grateful， hugged Gowan and extended her appreciation.
Emily很感动也很感激，拥抱了Gowan，表达了她的感激之情。
6.The man took the sack， reached into his pocket and placed four coins in my hand.
那人接过麻袋，把手伸进自己的口袋，然后将4枚硬币放在我手里。
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I encountered a sprite （小精灵） in the summer when I was five.My father had finally grown too sick to get out of bed， so the heat and tension in the air inside the house made it impossible to breathe.I would escape by squeezing under the front porch.All manner of creatures lived there， but I mostly ignored them， with the exception of a little frog who， every time I crawled （爬行） under the porch， stared at me with great， golden eyes.
In late June， the frog finally hopped toward my arm and stared at me， demanding eye contact.Once he had my attention， he opened his wide mouth and said， “Hello，Sophie.”
I should have been shocked， but for some reason， I wasn’t.Perhaps at five years old， I was more receptive to something against the laws of nature.At any rate， I was not shocked that a frog could speak.I had a more pressing question.
“How do you know my name？”
The frog blinked slowly， “I know everything.I am a sprite.”
I spoke， “You can’t be a sprite.You’re too small.”
He extended a long， webbed finger and pointed to the edge of the porch’s shadow — to the spot where my mother had tried to grow flowers for years.She had stopped trying when my father’s condition worsened.
“Look there，” commanded the frog， and I stared as a beautiful white flower blossomed as if stretching its limbs after a long sleep.In my five years， I had never seen anything so splendid.
Sprite and I became good friends that summer.I spent every day under the porch， talking to him.
Sometimes I asked the sprite questions.Sometimes he answered.Once， I asked him where Heaven was.
“Heaven，” he said， “is where I live.”
In August， my father’s illness continued worsening so that I was sent to my aunt’s house in Virginia.I told the sprite I would be back soon， and then waited for my father to get better in Virginia.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Six months later，I came back home for my father’s funeral.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Suddenly，an idea crossed my mind that my father might travel to Heaven.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步　细读原文，获取信息
1.故事要素
Who I， a frog， my father
When in the summer when I was five
Where under the front porch of my house
What My father was seriously ill.I met a frog that was a sprite with supernatural powers.I became good friends with the frog.
2.故事情节
“我”五岁那年的夏天，父亲病重。“我”常常躲在房子的前廊，并与自称是“小精灵”的青蛙不期而遇。当“我”质疑这只青蛙太小而不是小精灵的时候，它在“我”面前展现了使花朵绽放的神力。“我”问青蛙天堂在哪儿。它告诉“我”就在它住的地方。八月份，父亲的病越来越重，“我”被送到了弗吉尼亚州的姨母家里。
第二步　提取情节，发展线索
续写第一段的开头是“六个月之后，我回家参加父亲的葬礼”。由此可知，本段接下来会涉及作者回家之后的一些情况。可以先写只有五岁的“我”对父亲去世这件事情的不解，回忆六个月前父亲的状况。由原文第一段第二句中的My father had finally grown too sick to get out of bed可知，父亲的病情严重到必须卧床治疗的地步。再由原文最后一段第一句可知，8月份“我”被送到了弗吉尼亚州的姨母家里，因此后面可以写返回家后却找不到父亲的情节。然后再加入当时作为孩子的“我”可能有的心理活动，比如认为父亲只是暂时去了别的地方，为第二段想象父亲可能去了天堂作铺垫。
根据续写第二段的开头“突然，我的脑海里闪过父亲有可能去了天堂的想法”和上文青蛙自称小精灵，且告诉“我”它就住在天堂的内容可知，第二段可能会写“我”去寻找青蛙以找到父亲。本段最容易续写的一种结局是“我”没有找到青蛙，如果直接写找不到会有些唐突，因为距离上次见到青蛙已经有6个月了，而且由原文倒数第四段中的I spent every day under the porch，talking to him.可知，“我们”会面的地点是在前廊里，可以设想“我”因为个子长大再也不能挤进前廊里，所以再也没看到青蛙，父亲也再也没有回来。
第三步　理清情节，发展脉络
续写第一段：六个月后，“我”回家参加父亲的葬礼→“我”不明白死亡对“我”意味着什么→回想起父亲在“我”离开前一直卧床接受治疗→现在回家后“我”却找不到父亲了→他一定藏在某个地方，因为人不能凭空消失→母亲告诉“我”他已经离开了，“我”认为父亲是去了另一个城镇。
续写第二段：“我”的脑海中闪过父亲有可能去了天堂的想法→“我”跑到前廊去寻找青蛙以找到父亲→六个月中“我”已经长高了很多，再也挤不进前廊了→“我”整个下午坐在前廊的前面呼唤，希望有人来回应“我”→父亲没有回来，青蛙也没从隐藏的地方跳出来→“我”伤心地哭起来。
第四步　列出要点，串联线索
Paragraph 1：what death meant→had been lying in bed→had been receiving medical treatment→nowhere to be found→must be hiding somewhere→disappear without saying goodbye→had “passed on”→had traveled to another town
Paragraph 2：how to find my father→ran to the front porch→had grown during those six months→could no longer squeeze under the porch→called for someone→jumped out of its hiding spot→started to cry
第五步　斟词酌句，连句成篇
Six months later， I came back home for my father’s funeral.　Death was very confusing for a child.I didn’t understand what death meant；all I knew was that my father had been lying in bed and receiving medical treatment for his illness when I left，but now when I came back， he was nowhere to be found.He must be hiding somewhere.I was sure people couldn’t just disappear， especially without saying goodbye.Though my mother told me he had “passed on”， I thought she meant he’d traveled to another town.　
Suddenly， an idea crossed my mind that my father might travel to Heaven.　I knew exactly how to find my father.I ran to the front porch.However， I had grown during those six months in Virginia， and I could no longer squeeze under the porch.I sat in front of the porch all afternoon， calling for someone to answer me.No voice came.No father returned.No frog jumped out of his hiding spot.I was too big to talk to a sprite， so I started to cry.　
动作描写 analyse v.分析 assess v.评价，评定 bank on 依靠，指望 demand v.要求n.需要，需求 frown v.皱眉
人物描写 assistant n.助手，助理→assist v.帮助 victim n.受害者 capacity n.能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的 agile adj.敏捷的，灵活的 desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的
描写词汇 potentially adv.潜在地 tightly adv.紧紧地 bound adj.可能的 consistent adj.一贯的，一致的
　　请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下面语段。
我帮助爸爸修剪草坪以赚取零用钱。他告诉邻居们我能胜任这项工作，并提出了一个他们无法拒绝的价格。每次我出去割草时，爸爸都要求我把工作做好。一天下午，爸爸叫住我，大声喊道：“嘿，儿子，你漏了一块。”我皱着眉头，希望他能原谅我并知道我非常想回家。然而，他是我指望不上的人。工作完成后，在回家的路上，爸爸温柔地说：“尽你所能做到完美，你就一定能把生活中的每件事都做好。”然后，他紧紧地抱住了我。
　I assisted Dad to mow yards to earn pocket money.He told the neighbours I was capable of doing the work and offered a price they could not refuse.Every time I headed out to mow，Dad demanded I （should） finish the job well.One afternoon，Dad called me and yelled，“Hey，son.You missed a piece.” I frowned，hoping he would forgive me and know I was desperate to go home.However，he was not the one for me to bank on.On the way home after finishing the work，Dad said gently， “Do as perfectly as you can and you are bound to do everything well in your life.” Then he hugged me tightly.　
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　Kyra Peralte， the mother of two in New Jersey， thought keeping a diary might help people sort out tangled （错综复杂的） feelings. So she made an unusual 　1　. She invited women from near and far to 　2　 the pages of her black-and-white notebook with their own tales， which she named “The Traveling Diary”.
　　“I want people to 　3　with each other，” Peralte says，“and it feels warm to 　4　people’s encouraging words to others.” She found her first 　5　during a Zoom conference for entrepreneurs （企业家）. When she 　6　the diary， a woman in North Carolina immediately said she would like to join it.
　　From there， Peralte posted an article about her idea on Medium in an effort to get more women 　7　. Soon later， so many wanted to participate that Peralte came up with a（n） 　8　： Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and write as many pages as she wishes. Then she is 　9　for mailing it to the next person， whose 　10　is provided by Peralte.
　　“I had just recently lost my brother. By the time I actually 　11　it， it was much more of a 　12　，” one of the members says. “And writing in it helped me look for the meaning of life and growth that occurs in 　13　times.”
　　“It has really evolved into a community，” Peralte says. She sends participants a weekly newsletter （内部通讯） and often hosts Zoom events 　14　the women get the chance to know one another more， share stories and connect more 　15　with each other.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Kyra Peralte觉得写日记能够帮助人们理清复杂的情绪，因此她邀请女性朋友在自己提供的笔记本上进行写作，讲述自己的经历，分享自己的生活。
1.A.request　　 B.offer
C.statement　　 D.conclusion
解析：B　根据下文She invited women from near and far to可知，Peralte作出了一个不同寻常的提议。
2.A.copy　　 B.explain
C.learn　　 D.fill
解析：D　根据下文which she named “The Traveling Diary”可知，Peralte邀请别人在自己的笔记本上写下她们的故事。
3.A.interact　　 B.cooperate
C.debate　　 D.compete
解析：A　根据最后一段中的the women get the chance to know one another more， share stories and connect more 可知，Peralte 想要人们相互沟通。
4.A.summarize　　 B.describe
C.repeat　　 D.read
解析：D　根据空后的people’s encouraging words可知，Peralte认为阅读别人写下的鼓励话语是一件温暖的事情。
5.A.representative　　 B.investor
C.writer　　 D.assistant
解析：C　根据下文a woman in North Carolina immediately said she would like to join it可知， Peralte在一次会议中找到了第一位愿意加入的撰写人。
6.A.recognized　　 B.mentioned
C.composed　　 D.improved
解析：B　根据语境可知，当 Peralte 跟一位女士提及写日记的事情，对方很快表示愿意加入。
7.A.understood　　 B.acknowledged
C.convinced　　 D.involved
解析：D　根据上文in an effort to get more women可知，Peralte发文章想要吸引更多女性加入。
8.A.assumption　　 B.prediction
C.system　　 D.goal
解析：C　根据下文可知，有很多人都想参与，这是Peralte想到的一个（日记接力的）办法。
9.A.responsible　　 B.qualified
C.eager　　 D.ready
解析：A　根据语境可知，每个参与者可以保留日记三天，想写多少页就写多少页。然后她负责把日记寄给下一个人，邮寄地址由Peralte提供。
10.A.employment　　 B.address
C.agreement　　 D.project
解析：B　参见上题解析。
11.A.collected　　 B.received
C.purchased　　 D.published
解析：B　根据上文mailing it to the next person可知，有位参与者在失去兄弟时收到了接力日记本。
12.A.memory　　 B.regret
C.relief　　 D.promise
解析：C　根据下文 And writing in it helped me look for meaning of life and growth可推知，这位参与者觉得日记本更像是一种宽慰。
13.A.busy　　 B.hesitating
C.confusing　　 D.terrible
解析：D　根据上文I had just recently lost my brother.及语境可知，失去亲人的参与者认为书写接力日记可以帮助自己在境遇糟糕时找寻人生和成长的意义。
14.A.so　　 B.until
C.once　　 D.unless
解析：A　根据语境可知，Peralte每周给参与者发送一份时事通讯，并经常举办Zoom 活动，因此，女性朋友就有机会更多地了解彼此。
15.A.purposefully　　 B.internationally
C.closely　　 D.frequently
解析：C　根据上下文可知，Perulte邀请女性朋友在自己提供的笔记本上写作，讲述自己的经历，分享自己的生活，从而建立紧密联系。
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　According to a report by South China Morning Post， China is planning to launch a hyperloop （超级高铁）， also known 16.　　　　　　a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 17.　　　　　　（plan）， the new train will be the world’s fastest ground-based transport.
　　In the past few days， the Chinese government officers 18.　　　　　　（announce） the approval of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its 19.　　　　　 （long） will be 175 kilometers， and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1，000 km/h， 20.　　　　　　 means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
　　The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology， 21.　　　　　　（allow） faster travel between several major cities.The hyperloop provides 22.　　　　　　high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 23.　　　　　　（far） advance China’s position as a leader in transport.
　　A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 24.　　　　　　（it） first test runs.These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong， Shanxi Province. However， the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It 25.　　　　　　（expect） to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。据《南华早报》报道，中国计划在2035年之前启动超级高铁，也被称为超高速管道磁悬浮系统。如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面交通工具。
16.as　考查介词。be known as被当作，被称为。故填as。
17.planned　考查固定短语。as planned按照计划。故填planned。
18.have announced　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past few days可知，空处应用现在完成时，主语officers为复数名词。故填have announced。
19.length　考查词形转换。空前Its为形容词性物主代词，空处应用名词形式，故填length。
20.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
21.allowing　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语，allow和逻辑主语The project为主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填allowing。
22.a　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一种高安全级别”，为泛指概念，且high的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
23.further　考查副词的比较级。空处修饰动词advance，应用副词，表示“更远地，进一步”，故填further。
24.its　考查代词。根据空后的名词短语first test runs可知，空处应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
25.is expected　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语It和谓语动词expect为被动关系，结合上文时态可知，空处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·福建南平高二上期末）One morning， John Evans entered my life. He was a newcomer， whose parents had recently arrived in our town for seasonal apple picking. In worn-out clothes， he stood in front of our class， shifting from foot to foot. As our teacher， Mrs Parmele， penned his name in the roll book， whispers of disapproval began floating from row to row.
　　Mrs Parmele looked up at us and the whispering stopped.“Class， this is John Evans，” Mrs Parmele announced， trying to sound friendly. John looked around and smiled， expecting somebody would smile back. Nobody did.I held my breath， hoping Mrs Parmele wouldn’t notice the empty desk next to mine. She did and pointed him in that direction. He smiled at me as he slid into the seat， but I turned my eyes away.
　　A week passing by， John still had no friend.“It’s his fault，” I told my mother one night. “He barely even knows how to count.” My mother had grown to know John through my nightly comments. She always listened patiently and sometimes nodded thoughtfully.
　　Another day at lunchtime，“Can I sit by you？” John stood by me， plate in hand and smile on face. I looked around and agreed a bit unwillingly. As I watched him eat and listened to him chat， it dawned on me that he was actually pleasant to be around.And I was determined John would remain friendless no longer.
　　One evening， when Mother kissed me good night， I uttered，“Mom， tomorrow is John’s birthday. He’s not going to get anything. No cake. No presents. Nobody even cares.” Mother and I both knew whenever a kid had a birthday， his mother would bring cupcakes for the class. But John’s mother worked all day. His special day would go unnoticed！ “Don’t worry，” Mom said，“I’m sure everything will turn out fine.”
　　The next day， I wished John a happy birthday first thing in the morning， and his embarrassed smile showed me he was glad I had remembered.Till the last class， nothing special happened.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Suddenly I heard a familiar voice singing the birthday song.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　John kindly shared his cupcakes with the class.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Suddenly I heard a familiar voice singing the birthday song. Moments later， Mother came through the door with a basket of cupcakes. Under her arm was a smartly wrapped present with a red bow on top. Mrs Parmele’s high-pitched voice joined in while the class stared at me for an explanation. The class felt amazed at first and then excitedly sang along. Mother found John， put the cupcakes and gift on his desk and said， “Happy birthday， John.” So grateful was John that he smiled with tears in his eyes.
John kindly shared his cupcakes with the class. Offering cupcakes proudly and accepting sincere wishes from everyone， he could not conceal his happiness with a wave of applause and cheer erupting from the class. Never before had I seen such a moving scene in my life！ Happy for John， I cast a thankful glimpse at Mother， who smiled and winked at me in return. Years having melted by， I remember the day vividly： the soft tones of my mother’s voice， the flash in a boy’s eyes and the taste of the sweetest cupcake.
9 / 9Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
A Boy’s Best Friend
　　Mr Anderson said， “Where’s Jimmy， dear？”“Out on the crater①，” said Mrs Anderson.“Robutt is with him.Did he arrive？” “Yes.He’s at the rocket station， going through② the tests.[1]I haven’t really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.”
“Jimmy has never seen one， ” said Mrs Anderson.
　　“Because he’s Moon-born and can’t visit Earth.That’s why I’m bringing one here.I think it’s the first one ever on the Moon.”
Jimmy was out on the crater， as his mother had said.His arms and legs were long and agile③.[2]He looked thicker and stubbier④ with his spacesuit on， but he could handle the lunar gravity⑤ as no Earth-born human being could.[3]The outer side of the crater sloped⑥ southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full， so that the entire⑦ crater-slope was brightly lit.The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn’t keep Jimmy from⑧ racing up it in a floating hop⑨ that made the gravity seem nonexistent.
“Come on， Robutt，” he shouted.Robutt，who could hear him by radio， squeaked⑩ and bounded after.
　　[1]since引导时间状语从句，从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
[2]本句为but连接的两个并列句；as引导比较状语从句。
[3]and连接两个并列句，which引导非限制性定语从句；so that引导结果状语从句。
　　[4]Jimmy， expert though he was， couldn’t outrace Robutt， who didn’t need a spacesuit， and had four legs and tendons of steel.[5]Jimmy couldn’t go wrong while Robutt was around， tripping him when he was too near a rock， or jumping on him to show how much he loved him， or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock， when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.
　　[4]though引导让步状语从句，此处为倒装结构；who引导非限制性定语从句。
[5]while引导条件状语从句；how much he loved him为宾语从句；where引导宾语从句。
　　He heard his father’s voice on his private wavelength .“Jimmy， come back.I have something [6]to tell you.”
Mr Anderson was smiling.“We have something for you， Jimmy.It’s at the rocket station now， but we’ll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.”
“From Earth， Dad？”
　　“A dog from Earth， son.The first dog on the Moon.You won’t need Robutt any more.We can’t keep them both， and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.” He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something， then he said， “You know what a dog is， Jimmy.It’s the real thing.Robutt’s only a mechanical imitation ， a robot-mutt.That’s [7]how he got his name.”
　　[6]动词不定式短语to tell you作后置定语，修饰something。
[7]how引导表语从句。
Jimmy frowned .“Robutt isn’t an imitation， Dad.”
　　“Robutt’s just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.”
　　“He does everything [8]I want him to do， Dad.He understands me.”
“No， son.Robutt is just a machine.It’s just programmed to act the way [9]it does.A dog is alive.You’ll see the difference once he gets here.”
　　[8]I want him to do为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。
[9]it does 为省略了that或in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way。
　　Jimmy looked at Robutt， who was squeaking again， a very low， slow squeak that seemed frightened .Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.
Jimmy said， “What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog？”
“It’s hard to explain，” said Mr Anderson， “but it will be easy to see.The dog will really love you.Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.”
“But， Dad， we don’t know what’s inside the dog， or what his feelings are.Maybe it’s just acting， too.”
Mr Anderson frowned.“Jimmy， you’ll know the difference when you experience the love of a living thing.”
Jimmy held Robutt tightly .He was frowning， too， and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind .He said， “But what’s the difference how they act？ How about how I feel？ I love Robutt and that’s what counts .”
And the little robot-mutt， which had never been held so tightly in all its existence， squeaked high and rapid squeaks — happy squeaks.
（Adaptation of excerpts from “A Boy’s Best Friend” by Isaac Asimov）
【读文清障】
①crater n.（物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的）坑
②go through 经受；经历；通过
③agile adj.敏捷的，灵活的
④stubby adj.短而粗的；矮壮的
⑤gravity n.重力，引力
⑥slope v.倾斜，成斜坡
⑦entire adj.全部的，整个的
⑧keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
⑨hop n.跳跃
⑩squeak v.发出吱吱声
bound v.跳跃着跑
outrace v.胜过；超过……的速度
tendon n.腱
go wrong 出错，出故障
trip v.把……绊倒；使跌倒n.旅行；（尤指短程往返的）旅游
circle v.转圈
hide behind 藏在……后面
wavelength n.波长
mechanical adj.机械的
imitation n.仿制品
frown v.皱眉
wiring n.（给建筑物或机器供电的）线路
positronic adj.正电子的
program v.编写程序
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的
hold out 伸出（手或手里的东西）
the difference between ...and ...……和……之间的不同
adjust v.调整，调节
tightly adv.紧紧地
hold sb tightly 紧紧地抱着某人
desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的
be desperate for 极度渴望得到
change one’s mind 改变主意
count v.重要，有重要性
【参考译文】
男孩的挚友
安德森先生问：“亲爱的，吉米在哪儿？”“在外面的环形山上，”安德森太太回答道，“罗布特跟吉米在一起。它到了吗？”“是的，它在火箭站，正在接受测试。自从15年前我离开地球后，就从没见过真正的狗了。”
“吉米从来没见过狗。”安德森太太说。
“因为吉米是在月球上出生的，他不能去地球。所以我要带过来一只。我觉得这应该是月球上有史以来的第一只狗。”
正如吉米妈妈所说，他在外面的环形山上。吉米手长脚长，行动灵活。穿着太空服的吉米虽看起来臃肿矮胖了一些，但他能承受月球引力，而在地球出生的人是不能承受这种引力的。环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。山坡非常平缓，即使吉米穿着厚重的太空服，也不能阻碍他跳着跃向山坡，就好像引力不存在一样。
　　“快过来，罗布特。”他大喊。靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石时，它会扑倒他；罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意；当吉米藏在岩石后，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。
吉米通过自己的专属波长接收到了爸爸的声音，“吉米，回来一下。我有事情要和你说。”
安德森先生面带微笑，“吉米，我们有东西要给你，它现在就在火箭站，但是要等到明天所有测试结束后，我们才能接到它。”
“是从地球来的吗，爸爸？”
“是从地球来的小狗，儿子，是月球上的第一只狗。你将不再需要罗布特了。我们不能同时要两只，其他的孩子会收养罗布特。”他好像在等吉米说点什么，接着又说，“你会知道什么才是真正的狗，吉米。狗是有生命的。罗布特仅仅是机械仿制品，是一只机器狗罢了。所以它才叫罗布特。”
吉米皱皱眉头，“爸爸，罗布特不是仿制品。”
“罗布特只是用钢铁和电线制造的，只有一个简单的正电子大脑。”
“爸爸，我想让它做什么，它都能做到，它懂我。”
“不是这样的，儿子。罗布特只是一个机器。它的反应只不过是按照编好的程序去做而已。真正的狗是有生命的。等小狗来了，你就会明白二者的不同之处了。”
吉米看着又在吼叫的罗布特，它的叫声非常低沉缓慢，好像受到了惊吓。吉米伸出双臂，罗布特一跃跳了上去。
吉米问：“那罗布特和真正的小狗有什么不一样呢？”
“这很难解释。”安德森先生说，“但用眼睛看的话，会很容易。小狗会真的爱你，而罗布特只是设定好，假装很爱你。”
　　“但是，爸爸，我们并不知道小狗真正想的是什么，它是什么感觉。可能它也只是在假装。”
安德森先生眉头一皱，“吉米，如果你体验过一个生命体对你的爱时，你就会明白其中的不同。”
吉米紧紧抱着罗布特。他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变心意。他说：“那它们在行为上有什么不一样？那我的想法呢？我爱罗布特，我觉得这是最重要的。”
小小的机器狗自出现以来从未被抱得那么紧，它发出尖细且急促的叫声，那是快乐的叫声。
　（节选自艾萨克·阿西莫夫的《男孩的挚友》）
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.How long had the family lived on the Moon？（　　）
A.15 years.　　B.14 years.
C.16 years.　　D.13 years.
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Jimmy was thicker and stubbier than Earth-born human being.
B.Jimmy was well adapted to the gravity on the Moon.
C.The spacesuit was too light，and its gravity was nonexistent.
D.The entire crater was brightly lit by the nearly full Earth.
3.How did Jimmy talk with his father？（　　）
A.Face to face.
B.By telephone.
C.By network.
D.By radio.
4.We can learn from the passage that 　　　　.（　　）
A.Jimmy’s father didn’t like Robutt
B.Robutt is completely different from a real dog
C.Jimmy is much lighter than Earth-born humans
D.Despite his father’s advice， Jimmy would keep Robutt　
5.What will the passage talk about in the following paragraphs？（　　）
A.The difference between the real dog and Robutt.
B.Whether his father will be angry.
C.Whether Jimmy will give up Robutt or not.
D.Jimmy will hold Robutt tightly.
答案：1－5　ABDDC
第三步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1.Can you guess what Jimmy’s final decision is？
　He would keep Robutt.We can conclude from the last two paragraphs.　
2.If you’re Jimmy， which one will you finally choose？ Robutt or a real dog？
　I will choose Robutt.After all， we have been close for a long time and we know each other better.　
第四步：析难句表达升级
1.He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on，but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth-born human being could.
句式分析 本句为but连接的　并列　句。前一个分句中，with复合结构作　原因状语　；后一个分句中，as引导　比较状语　从句。
自主翻译 　穿着太空服的吉米虽看起来臃肿矮胖了一些，但他能承受月球引力，而在地球出生的人是不能承受这种引力的。　
2.The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky， was nearly full， so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。which引导　非限制性定语　从句，修饰the Earth，在从句中作主语；so that引导　结果状语　从句。
自主翻译 　环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。　
3.Jimmy couldn’t go wrong while Robutt was around，tripping him when he was too near a rock，or jumping on him to show how much he loved him，or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock， when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。本句句子主干为Jimmy couldn’t go wrong。while引导　条件状语　从句；or连接三个并列的动词-ing短语作　伴随　状语。在三个动词-ing短语中，分别含有两个when引导的时间状语从句和一个how much引导的　宾语　从句；最后一个when引导　时间状语　从句，在这个从句中含有where引导的　宾语　从句。
自主翻译 　只要有罗布特相伴，吉米就没有危险。当吉米过于靠近一块岩石，它会扑倒他；罗布特还会扑向他，以表达爱意；当吉米藏在岩石后，罗布特就原地打转，低吼，战战兢兢，不论什么时候，罗布特都对吉米的位置了如指掌。　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；非常需要的
【教材原句】　He was frowning， too， and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind.他也皱着眉头，脸上的坚定表明他不愿改变心意。
【用法】
（1）be desperate for sth 　　渴望某物 be desperate to do sth　　渴望做某事 （2）desperation n.　　绝望；拼命；铤而走险 in desperation　　在绝望中；拼命地 （3）desperately adv.　　拼命地，绝望地；极度地
【佳句】　The children in the remote mountain areas are desperate for necessary teaching instruments.
偏远山区的孩子们迫切需要必要的教学工具。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He wanted that job 　desperately　 （desperate）， and was disappointed when he failed to get it.
②When the bad news reached her， she screamed in 　desperation　 （desperate）.
【写美】　补全句子
③　Desperate to be a volunteer　， I do hope you can offer me the opportunity.
我渴望成为一名志愿者，我的确希望您能给我这个机会。
in shock 吃惊地；处于极度震惊状态
【教材原句】　Todd cried out in shock ... 托德吓得大叫起来……
【用法】
（1）shock n.休克；打击；吃惊；令人震惊的事 v.（使）震惊；震动 in a state of shock　　大为震惊 come as a shock　　震惊 （2）shocked adj.　 　震惊的；惊讶的 be shocked at/by　　对……吃惊 be shocked to do sth　　做某事很吃惊 （3）shocking adj.　　令人震惊的；令人气愤的
【佳句】　He was still in shock from what had happened in the afternoon.
他仍在为下午所发生的事感到震惊。
【点津】　shocked多用来形容人，shocking常用来形容事物。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①People were 　in　 shock — and then， later that afternoon， another big quake shook Tangshan again.
②All of us were shocked 　at/by　 many deaths caused by the heavy rain.
【写美】　一句多译
③听说约翰的心脏病发作，我们非常震惊。
→Hearing about John’s heart attack， we 　were greatly shocked　.（adj.shocked）
→Hearing about John’s heart attack， we were 　in a state of shock　.（n.shock）
→We 　were greatly shocked to hear　 about John’s heart attack.（adj.shocked）
faulty adj.有故障的，有缺陷的
【教材原句】　Another prison breakout：faulty robotics blamed.
另一起越狱事件：机器人技术有问题。
【用法】
fault n.　　过错；缺点；故障 find fault with ...　　对……不满/挑剔 be at fault　　有过错；有责任 It is one’s fault that ...　　……是某人的错
【佳句】　Owners of affected cars can go to their dealerships to have the faulty part replaced.
受影响汽车的车主可以到经销商那里更换有问题的部件。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Consumers are encouraged to complain about 　faulty　 （fault） goods.
②Life can be great when you are not busy finding fault 　with　 it.
③When a quarrel happens in a family， it is very hard to say who is 　at　 fault.
【写美】　补全句子
④　It is not your fault that　 she is lonely.
她感到孤单，这不是你的错。
make comments on 对……作出评论
【教材原句】　Now make comments on your partner’s story and see whether the language style is consistent.
现在对你搭档的故事发表评论，看看语言风格是否一致。
【用法】
（1）comment n.　　评论 make a comment/comments on　　对……作出评论 no comment　　无可奉告 （2）comment v.　　评论；批评 comment on/upon ...　　对……评论 comment that ...　　评论……
【佳句】　Facing the reporter’s question， he declined to make comments on the event.
面对记者的提问，他拒绝对这次事件发表评论。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He refused to make any comment 　on　 the accident that happened the day before yesterday.
②Tom made some helpful 　comments　 （comment） on the plan.
【写美】　一句多译
③评论别人的外表是不礼貌的。
→It is impolite to 　comment on/upon　 other’s appearance.（comment v.）
→It is impolite to 　make a comment/comments on　 other’s appearance.（comment n.）
consistent adj.一贯的，一致的，始终如一的
【教材原句】　Now make comments on your partner’s story and see whether the language style is consistent.
现在对你搭档的故事发表评论，看看语言风格是否一致。
【用法】
（1）be consistent with 　　与……一致或吻合 be consistent in　　在……方面一致 （2）consistently adv.　　一贯地，一致地，始终如一地 （3）consistency n.　　一致性，连贯性
【佳句】　The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.
这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Whatever method you choose，you must 　consistently　 （consistent） stick with it.
②We must be consistent 　in　 what we say and do.
【写美】　补全句子
③To our delight， the result of the experiment 　is entirely consistent with　 what we expected.
使我们高兴的是，实验结果完全符合我们的预期。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
so that引导结果状语从句
【教材原句】　The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky， was nearly full， so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit.
环形山外侧向南倾斜， 南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
【用法】
（1）so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；结果”，主从句之间有时用逗号隔开。 （2）so that引导目的状语从句时，从句中通常有may， might， can， could等情态动词，主从句之间不能用逗号隔开，意为“为的是……；以便于……”。 （3）so that引导目的状语从句时可以与in order that互换，但so that不能置于句首。
【品悟】　Every student may have different weak and strong subjects， so they should learn from each other so that/in order that they can have more advantages than disadvantages.
每个学生都会有不同的弱科和强科，所以他们应该互相学习，这样比起劣势来，他们就可以有更多的优势。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①我想告知你一些详细的信息，以便你能为此做好充分的准备。
I’d like to inform you of some detailed information 　so that you can make full preparations for it　.
②我去听演讲去得早，因此找了一个好座位。
I went to the lecture early， 　so that I got a good seat　.
③He set out early so that he could arrive there in advance.
→He set out early 　in order to　 arrive there in advance.
→He set out early 　so as to　 arrive there in advance.
维度一：品句填词
1.His handwriting 　slopes　 （倾斜） backwards， which is different from others.
2.The eye is one of the most 　agile　 （灵活的） parts of the human body.
3.The children were 　hopping　 （跳跃） around the playground.
4.Police are still looking for clues　 in their search for the missing girl.
5.The old man frowned　 when Tony disrupted the important meeting.
维度二：词形转换
1.She can do a wonderful 　imitation　 （imitate） of a blackbird’s song.
2.The little girl hugged her dad 　tightly　 （tight） and gave him a picture she had done using her hands.
3.The company undertakes 　mechanical　 （mechanic） work on all types of cars.
4.Facing these two aggressive dogs， I 　desperately　 （desperate） felt at a loss.
5.Remember to maintain 　consistency　 （consistent） of topic and content in your writing.
6.Technical experts also pointed out that the design was 　faulty　 （fault）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.There are hundreds of people who are 　desperate to adopt a child　 （渴望收养孩子）.
2.　 Young as/though he was　 （尽管他年轻）， he was qualified for the demanding job. （倒装句）
3.What we say should 　be consistent with　 （与……一致） what we do.There should not be contradiction in our words and actions.
4.　 It was not until some years later that　 （直到几年后） I realized the real importance of the gift.
5.People have to 　change their mind　 （改变他们的想法） to adapt to the new situation.
6.He is studying 　the differences between humans and animals　 （人类与动物之间的区别）.
7.Don’t worry.Your performances are excellent and you 　are bound to　 （肯定会） be admitted to the company.
8.Suspecting the traveller of carrying drugs， the Custom official stopped him and 　went through　 （仔细检查） his suitcase.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Jimmy， whose arms and legs were long and agile，was Moon-born.He could handle the lunar gravity 1.　as　 no Earth-born human being could.However，he couldn’t visit Earth， so his father， 2.　who　 had left Earth 15 years ago，brought 3.　a　 real dog for him， though he had a mechanical dog， Robutt.
Jimmy’s father 4.　explained　 （explain） to him what a real dog is and would have some other boy or girl keep Robutt.Jimmy frowned.He said that Robutt understood 5.　him　 （he）.His father continued to talk about the 6.　difference　 （differ） between Robutt and the dog，7.　saying　 （say） that the dog would really love him while Robutt was just adjusted 8.　to act　 （act） as though it loved him.
Jim held Robutt 9.　tightly　 （tight） and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn’t change his mind.He said，“I love Robutt and that’s what 10.　counts　 （count）.”
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·广西桂林高二上期末）The Beatles have released the last song they recorded.The song is titled Now and Then. It was written by John Lennon in 1977. He sang it at the piano and recorded it in 1979 at his home. The other Beatles added to the track over the years. Recording engineers used AI technology to bring the song to life， resulting in a sound like the four Beatles recorded it together in a studio. The song has been released as a double-A side single. The flip side of the record is a new mix of the band’s first single Love Me Do. This was first released in 1962. Now and Then will also be the final track on a new edition of the Beatles’ legendary greatest hits “blue” album. This is a collection of their classics from 1967－1970.
　　Beatles member Paul McCartney spoke to reporters about the new song. He said，“It’s quite emotional. And we all play on it. It’s a genuine Beatles recording.” He spoke about his excitement at being able to release a new song， saying，“In 2023， to still be working on Beatles music， and to release a new song the public haven’t heard， I think it’s an exciting thing.” McCartney was also excited about hearing John Lennon’s voice. He said it was “crystal clear”. Lennon was shot dead by a fan outside his New York home in 1980. Beatles drummer Ringo Starr said recording the song was “the closest we’ll ever come to having （John Lennon） back in the room”. He said it was “very emotional for all of us”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇网站新闻报道。文章讲述了披头士乐队发布约翰·列侬创作的最后一首歌Now and Then，其他成员为其添加音轨并利用人工智能技术呈现出四人录制效果。
1.What can be learned about Now and Then？（　　）
A.It was first released in 1962.
B.It was a song created by John Lennon in 1979.
C.The four Beatles didn’t actually record it together.
D.It was AI technology that helped to write the song.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It was written by John Lennon in 1977.和The other Beatles added to the track over the years.可知，Now and Then起初是由约翰·列侬于1977年创作的，其他披头士乐队成员在多年后为这首歌添加了音轨，即实际上，披头士四人并没有一起录制这首歌。
2.Why was Paul McCartney excited when interviewed by reporters？（　　）
A.Because the song was emotional.
B.Because he could play on a new song.
C.Because John Lennon came back in the room.
D.Because the band could release a new song that people hadn’t heard before.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的and to release a new song the public haven’t heard， I think it’s an exciting thing可知，Paul McCartney在接受记者采访时很兴奋的原因是乐队发布了公众尚未听过的新歌。
3.Who is John Lennon？（　　）
A.The Beatles singer.
B.The Beatles engineer.
C.The Beatles drummer.
D.The Beatles manager.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中McCartney was also excited about hearing John Lennon’s voice. He said it was “crystal clear”. 可知，在新歌曲中McCartney能够听到John Lennon的声音，其声音清晰明亮。由此推知，John Lennon是乐队的歌手。
4.Where is this text probably taken from？（　　）
A.A news website.
B.A travel blog.
C.A science fiction.
D.A nature magazine.
解析：A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，披头士乐队发布约翰·列侬创作的最后一首歌Now and Then，其他成员为其添加音轨并利用人工智能技术呈现出四人录制效果。该曲以双A单曲发行，蓝色专辑的最终曲目。Paul McCartney表示感人并对能听到约翰·列侬的声音感到兴奋，乐队鼓手Ringo Starr表示这是和列侬最接近的方式。由此推断，文章出自一个网站的新闻报道。
B
　　（2024·山东潍坊高二上期末）All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords， combining pet names with numbers， symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence （AI） model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes （按键）.
　　At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model， they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed.This， in theory， would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to obtain what is being typed including messages and passwords.
　　The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard.This is needed to train the algorithm （计算程序）. While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone， it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modern MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced， the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand， they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.
　　“If you get enough data， a model can be built pretty easily，” Oli Buckley， a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard， 　it　 will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice， quiet keyboard， so the idea is that if it works on something quiet， it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards.”
　　While this all sounds pretty scary， not to mention a new form of hacking （侵入） to look out for， it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds.
　　“A good sample of data is needed for it to work， so this changes if you’re using a Dell， a MacBook or an external keyboard.Also， factors change. Some people type loader and harder， or my keyboards full of cat hairs so that impacts things slightly，” says Buckley.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，人工智能能够通过按键窃取你的密码。
5.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　）
A.Why protective steps are needed.
B.Why a set of training data is vital.
C.How you document secret information.
D.How hackers gain data from targeted computers.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了黑客如何从目标电脑中获取数据。
6.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？（　　）
A.The keyboard.　　 B.The model.
C.The waveform.　　 D.The computer.
解析：B　代词指代题。根据画线单词上文If you get enough data， a model can be built pretty easily可推知，画线单词it指的是上文提到的模型。
7.What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.AI understands exactly what you’re typing.
B.Purchasing expensive computer is necessary.
C.Cats play an important role in privacy protection.
D.Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Buckley认为通过按键声来建立一个准确的数据集并不容易。他提到，为了模型有效工作，需要良好的样本数据，而且不同键盘和打字方式会影响模型的准确性。因此，通过按键声来窃取笔记本电脑上的数据并不是一件容易的事情，需要克服很多挑战和不确定性。
8.What is the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.A scary danger is on the way.
B.A new form of hacking troubles us.
C.AI can transform the digital world in a big way.
D.AI can discover passwords by listening to your type.
解析：D　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能能够读取键盘按键声音，从而获得你的密码。
C
　　（2024·河南郑州高二上期末）Since 2001， robotic tools have greatly affected the practice of surgery （外科手术）. They have reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
　　One example is“keyhole surgery”， which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient. But in June 2022， surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two joysticks （操纵杆） to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor （癌症肿瘤）. “My colleague said that this feels like cheating，” Ansell said to The Guardian.
　　Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery. Telesurgery， or remote surgery， is the use of technology that allows a surgeon to perform a procedure on a patient not in the same physical location.
　　Normally， telesurgery relies on a wired connection for fear that a wireless connection drops during surgery. But China has made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.
　　China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing， a distance totaling nearly 3，000 kilometers， reported CGTN. More recently， a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city， reported China Daily. The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou， Guangdong Province， but the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou， Hainan Province.
　　Looking to the future， people hope that remote surgery could become common to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance. Some even believe that robotic systems， combined with AI， could one day surpass （超过） human surgeons.
　　But， in consideration of current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots， the complete robot takeover of surgery may still have a long way to go.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化，它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。
9.What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show？（　　）
A.The difficulty of robotic surgery.
B.The progress achieved by robotic tools.
C.The need for advanced 5D technology.
D.The physical challenges surgeons face.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第二段中的keyhole surgery是对第一段的举例，即机器人工具带来的进步。
10.What great achievement has China made in the field of telesurgery？（　　）
A.Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B.Completing remote eye surgery on humans successfully.
C.Doing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.
D.Conducting the first 5G-based remote operation on rabbits.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，中国在远程手术方面实现了第一次基于5G的脑部手术。
11.What can be inferred about robots in the medical field？（　　）
A.They still need improving.
B.They have been widely adopted.
C.They are currently in great demand.
D.They have surpassed human capabilities.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，机器人运用在医学领域的成本很高，他们的发展还有很长的路要走，还需要不断改善。
12.What is the passage mainly about？（　　）
A.The benefits of robotic surgery.
B.China’s achievements in surgery.
C.The development in medical robotics.
D.The use of 5G technology in robotic surgery.
解析：C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　2050 seems a long way away， but it is not impossible to predict the future though. With the speed we are moving now so many amazing things are going to happen in the future. So where is technology going in the future？ 13.（　　）.
　　◇The Internet will be free for everyone.
　　The Internet is really a key driver these days. But it is not free for everyone yet. There have already been attempts like Facebook’s Free Basics. 14.（　　）， there is a very strong possibility that the Internet will be free for everyone in the future.
　　◇Personal airplanes will be used widely for short journeys.
　　With the increasing population， it is not very hard to predict that common methods of transportation will not be enough. 15.（　　）， so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people. Of course， there will be proper air traffic control for these personal airplanes.
　　◇Most cancers will be treated successfully.
　　16.（　　）.It will be a huge achievement in the history of medical science. Many studies are already showing a trend towards this.
　　◇17.（　　）.
　　There will be great achievements in space research. In the year 2050， humans will be able to live on Mars. We will receive more intelligent signals from space. Chances are we will be able to find the next Earth — like planet.
A.Though it hasn’t happened yet
B.Let’s start our predictions
C.The world’s population will cross 9.6 billion
D.What do you think of my predictions of 2050
E.Humans will live on other planets
F.There will be much heavier traffic on the road
G.The number of deaths caused by cancers will be greatly reduced
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对2050年的生活展开的预测：每个人免费使用网络，私人飞机会被广泛应用于短途行程，大多数癌症会被治好，人类会居住在其他星球上。
13.B　上文提出一个问题，未来的科技将走向何方？下文是对未来的一些预测，故B项（让我们开始我们的预测吧）承上启下，符合语境。
14.A　根据空后内容可知，未来互联网对每个人都是免费的可能性很大，空处应该说目前还没有对所有人免费。故A项（虽然它还没有发生）符合语境。
15.F　根据下文so in this case personal airplanes will be a handy method of transportation for common people可知，空处应描述是什么导致私人飞机成为一种普通的交通方式。F项（道路上的交通将会更加繁忙）符合语境，与下文是因果关系。
16.G　根据Most cancers will be treated successfully.可知，大多数癌症都会被成功治疗。G项（癌症造成的死亡人数将大大减少）符合语境。
17.E　根据本段中的In the year 2050， humans will be able to live on Mars.可知，本段是关于未来在其他星球上居住，E项（人类将居住在其他星球上）可作本段小标题。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　（2024·河北邢台高二上期末）学校英语俱乐部就Should AI Be Applied to Our Study？的话题展开辩论赛。请你作为反方一辩，表达你的观点，内容包括：
　　1.你方观点；
　　2.陈述理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Honorable judges and distinguished friends，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Thank you！
参考范文：
　　Honorable judges and distinguished friends， I firmly believe AI should not be applied to our study. First of all， over-reliance on AI may lead to a decrease in our independent thinking ability. Secondly， the application of AI may also bring some ethical and legal issues. Finally， the application of AI may also limit our learning and development space.
　　In conclusion， although AI can bring some convenience to our study， we should also consider its negative effects. Therefore， I suggest that we use AI reasonably and avoid over-reliance on it.
　　Thank you！
16 / 16Section Ⅱ　Using language
主谓一致（2）
①It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.
②As it is， almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.
③Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
④Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
⑤The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.
⑥I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data ...
【我的发现】
1.由句①②可知，“百分数＋of＋名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由　of后的名词的数　决定。
2.由句③④可知，“every＋单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用　单　数形式。
3.由句⑤可知，当none作主语或主语被none修饰时，谓语动词一般用　单　数形式。
4.由句⑥可知，“most of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用　单　数形式。
一、语法一致原则
1.概述
主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是可数名词复数，谓语动词就用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词就用单数形式。
2.用法
（1）不可数名词或可数名词单数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；可数名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
These toys are designed for children under three years old.
这些玩具是为三岁以下儿童设计的。
Every part is carefully checked before they are put together.
组装之前，每一个零部件都要仔细检查。
（2）当主语被不定代词修饰或主语本身是不定代词either， neither， each， one， the other， another， anybody， anyone， anything， somebody， someone， something， everybody， everyone， everything， nobody， no one， nothing 等时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Each of the students has a book.
每个学生都有一本书。
（3）单个的动词不定式、动词-ing形式（短语）或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Swimming in rivers in summer is a good sport， but to swim in rivers in winter needs great willpower.
夏天在河里游泳是一项很好的运动，但冬天在河里游泳需要极大的意志力。
名师点津
what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
What we need is more money， but what they need are books.
我们需要的是更多的钱，但他们需要的是书。
（4）主语是由“many a＋名词”或“more than one＋名词”构成，其意义虽为复数，但是谓语动词仍然用单数形式。
More than one person was injured in the accident.
不止一人在这次事故中受伤。
Many a person has been cheated by such tricks.
许多人都已被这类骗局所欺骗。
（5）“quantities of＋复数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a quantity of＋复数名词/不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Large quantities of time were spent on rehearsal.
大量的时间被花在排练上。
A quantity of nuts is on the table.
桌子上有大量的坚果。
（6）当主语是“most/some/half/the rest/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”时，如果of后面的名词表示单数概念或为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果of后面的名词表示复数概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。
Two thirds of the students support the plan.
三分之二的学生支持这项计划。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
地球表面的四分之三是海洋。
Eighty per cent of the employees in the company are from Beijing.
公司80%的员工来自北京。
（7）a great deal of，a large amount of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用单数形式；large amounts of修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。
A large amount of grain has been eaten by birds.
大量的谷物被鸟吃掉了。
Large amounts of grain have been eaten by birds.
大量的谷物被鸟吃掉了。
（8）“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“大量，许多”；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。
Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those from the countryside， work in the clothing industry.
当前，很多妇女，特别是那些来自乡村的妇女，都在服装厂工作。
The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily since 1990.
在中国上大学的外国留学生的数量自从1990年以来在稳步增长。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①Fifty per cent of the students in our school 　are　 （be） girls.
②The rest of the novel 　is　 （be） very wonderful and instructive.
③During the training stage， each dog 　was　 （be） shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person’s face.
④BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool that gives an indication of whether someone 　is　 （be） a healthy weight.
⑤Large quantities of grain 　have been sent　 （send） to the earthquake-stricken area since three days ago.
⑥When and where to build the new first-aid center 　hasn’t been decided　 （decide） yet.
⑦Walking after supper 　is　 （be） of great benefit to our health.
二、就近一致原则
1.概述
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫作就近一致原则。
2.用法
（1）由or， either ...or ...， neither ...nor ...， whether ...or ...， not only ...but also ...， not ...but ...等连接的并列名词作主语时，谓语动词常与最邻近的主语在单复数上保持一致。
Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go climbing.
不仅学生们想去爬山，老师也想。
Either Mary or you are to blame for the fault.
要么玛丽要么你应为这个过失负责。
名师点津
“with/along with/together with/as well as/except＋名词”置于主语后充当插入语时，谓语动词一般仍与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。
Pronunciation， as well as grammar and vocabulary， changes very quickly from one area to another.
与语法和词汇一样，发音因地区差异而变化很快。
（2）在There be句型中，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen， two books and many pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔、两本书和许多铅笔。
There are two books， a pen and many pencils on the desk.
桌子上有两本书、一支钢笔和许多铅笔。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①The factory， including its equipment and buildings， 　was　 （be） burnt last night.
②A teacher， together with four students， 　was sent　 （send） to help with this research last week.
③The teacher as well as the students 　is　 （be） interested in the project.
④Not only he but also all his family 　are　 （be） keen on concerts.
⑤Either they or I 　am　 （be） responsible for the result of the matter.
⑥There 　is　 （be） a plate， two cups and three spoons on the table.
⑦Tom， along with his friends， 　goes　 （go） swimming every Sunday.
assess v.评价，评定
【教材原句】　Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific ...
对博比进行了评估，发现他的天赋主要是科学方面的……
【用法】
（1）assess sth at　　估定某物值……钱 assess ...as ...　　评定……为…… assess the importance of　　估计……的重要性 （2）assessment n.　　评价，评定
【佳句】　When the experts assess the project， many factors need to be taken into account.
当专家们评估这个项目时，许多因素都需要被考虑进去。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They assess his old car bought seven years ago 　at　 15，000 yuan.
②The teacher’s 　assessment　 （assess） of the students’ performance was fair and objective.
【写美】　补全句子
③We are trying to 　assess whether the system works well　.
我们正设法评估这个系统运行得是否顺畅。
bound adj.可能的；很可能会；一定会；有义务（做某事）的；准备前往（某地）
【教材原句】　Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time， but I’m sure they’re bound to happen sooner or later！这些观点中的有些可能听起来太领先于时代了，但我相信它们迟早会实现！
【用法】
be bound to do ...　　很有可能/肯定会做…… be bound for ...　　准备前往（某地）
【佳句】　If you keep on working hard like this， chances are bound to favour you.如果你继续像这样努力工作的话，机会一定会垂青你的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He said that he was bound 　for　 New York.
【写美】　补全句子
②You 　are bound to be thrilled　 at those fantastic exhibitions.
你一定会为那些精彩的展览感到兴奋。
demand n.需要，需求 v.需要，强烈要求
【教材原句】　...with companies intending to provide on-demand services.
……公司打算提供按需服务。
【用法】
（1）be in demand　　有需要 on demand　　一经要求 （2）demand sth　　要求某物 demand to do sth　　要求做某事 demand that sb （should） do sth　　要求某人（应该）做某事
【佳句】　Due to popular demand， a writing project will be started for eager beginners.
应公众的要求，一个为热切的初学者（设立的）写作项目即将开展。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His novels are 　in　 great demand in this city.
②The teacher came to the classroom and demanded 　to be told　 （tell） what was going on just now.
【写美】　补全句子
③The head teacher demanded that the blackboard 　（should） be cleaned　 before every class.
班主任要求每节课前把黑板擦干净。
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1.John， as well as his wife and children， 　is　 （be） going to visit China next week.
2.In the past few days the professor along with his assistants 　has been working　 （work） on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
3.Most of the food was eaten but the rest 　was thrown　 （throw） into the trash bin.
4.There 　is　 （be） a teacher and many students in the old photo.
5.Large quantities of information on this topic 　are　 （be） available on the Internet.
6.A large number of students in our school 　are　 （be） from the countryside.
7.Large amounts of data 　have been collected　 （collect） in the past ten years.
8.Every boy and girl 　shows　 （show） great interest in extra curriculum activities.
9.Half of the building 　has been destroyed　 （destroy） by the earthquake up to now.
10.At Christmas each boy and each girl 　is given　 （give） a present.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.Jackie， with his parents， 　intends to set out for　 Europe on business next week.
杰基和他的父母打算下周去欧洲出差。
2.The son， rather than his parents， 　is responsible for　 the fire accident.
对这场火灾事故有责任的是儿子， 而不是他的父母。
3.The teacher as well as his students 　is going to plant trees　 tomorrow.
这位老师和他的学生们明天去植树。
4.One survey shows that 　a large amount of water is wasted　 every year in China.
一项调查显示，中国每年都会浪费大量的水。
5.　Not only I but also he looks down on/upon　 those who always depend on others.
不仅是我，他也瞧不起那些总是依赖别人的人。
6.Either you or Jack 　is about to take the place of　 the manager to attend the meeting.
不是你就是杰克要代替经理参加会议。
7.Being addicted to electronics 　is harmful to　 our health.
沉迷于电子产品对我们的健康有害。
8.Each of the girls 　is fond of　 pop music in her class.
她班上每个女孩都喜欢流行音乐。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　Thirty years 1.　is　 （be） not a long period in history， but every man and every woman 2.　has changed　 （change） a lot in the past thirty years.When it comes to the development of China， none of us 3.　doubt（s）　 （doubt） that either the surroundings or the policy 4.　has benefited　 （benefit） us a great deal.With thirty years’ development， China， along with its people， 5.　is standing　 （stand） higher on the stage of the world.Although there 6.　exists　 （exist） an environmental problem and other ones， like housing and crimes， the public 7.　have　 （have） a strong belief that tomorrow will be better.Whether we can realize our dream 8.　depends　 （depend） on our own effort.To construct our country 9.　is　 （be） a great honour， so not only you but also I 10.　am　 （be） the one who should be devoted to making our country a splendid one.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　There’s a new AI bot： ChatGPT， and you’d better pay attention， even if you aren’t into artificial intelligence. The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large， powerful AI system can achieve.
　　ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue， using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses. It derives its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet. ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned （a method of transfer learning） using both supervised and reinforcement learning （监督和强化学习）.
　　You can ask ChatGPT anything， like explaining physics， asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming （编程） help. Perhaps it’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet， but it can be creative， and its answers can sound downright authoritative. A few days after its launch， more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT. UBS analyst Lloyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January， accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
　　ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research phase. But when too many people hop onto the server （服务器）， it overloads and can’t process your request. It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it. If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access， there is an option for you. As of 1 February 2023， OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan， ChatGPT Plus， which allows users to have general access even during peak times. This service does come at a cost of $20/month.
　　However， ChatGPT can not replace Google. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence bot that provides solutions to your questions， but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible. ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT的出现，市场反应，并对它的优点及弊端进行分析。
1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT？（　　）
A.Its language model.
B.Its working theory.
C.Its design inspiration.
D.Its development process.
解析：B　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段描述了ChatGPT的操作使用，告诉我们它的工作原理。
2.Why does the author list figures in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B.To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C.To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D.To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，本段所列数字显示ChatGPT非常受欢迎。
3.What is ChatGPT Plus intended for？（　　）
A.Guiding users to experience free services.
B.Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
C.Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
D.Offering consumers priority access during peak hours.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的As of 1 February 2023， OpenAI has a ChatGPT pro plan， ChatGPT Plus， which allows users to have general access even during peak times.可知，ChatGPT Plus的目的是在高峰时段给予用户优先访问权。
4.What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google？（　　）
A.It operates based on limited data.
B.It takes more time to search for solutions.
C.It can only update information at a fixed time.
D.It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.可知，与谷歌相比，ChatGPT的局限性是基于有限的数据进行操作。
B
　　Just a year ago， Sarah fulfilled the dream of owning her own bakery， which was very popular in the local and provided a well-off life for Sarah and her family. But last February， all fell apart， after a car accident left Sarah disabled.“I could barely talk or move，” she sobbed.
　　Darkness and depression drowned Sarah， help seemed out of reach； she couldn’t afford a psychologist. Even worse， she had no health insurance.
　　So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a “friendly” and “mental” tool， asking the patient some questions， like “How are you feeling？” or “What’s bothering you？” After the patient responds to the questions， the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers， and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists.
　　That is how Sarah found herself on a new frontier of technology and mental health. Advances in artificial intelligence are increasingly being looked to as a way to help people who suffer from mild depression or anxiety.
　　There are， of course， still plenty of doubts about whether machines can read or respond to the human emotions accurately. “Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions， let alone imitate mental care，” a psychology professor in a mental health center said.
　　However， supporters of chatbot treatment say the approach may also be the only realistic and affordable way. It meets a huge worldwide need for more mental healthcare at a time when there are simply not enough professionals to help all the people who could benefit.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过莎拉的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天的机器人服务，介绍了聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。
5.What can we know about Sarah from the first two paragraphs？（　　）
A.Her family fell apart in an accident.
B.She was nearly drowned in an accident.
C.She suffered a series of misfortunes then.
D.Her dream came true despite an accident.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段内容可知，莎拉遭受了一连串的不幸。
6.How does the chatbot work according to the passage？（　　）
A.It answers personal questions.
B.It offers free face-to-face service.
C.It treats patients with medical care.
D.It stores related messages in advance.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists可知，聊天机器人通过预先存储相关信息工作。
7.Why do people doubt about the chatbot？（　　）
A.It is unable to respond to human emotions. B.It may not react to human emotions correctly.
C.It copies the complexities of human emotions. D.It imitates mental care from human psychologists.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，人们会怀疑聊天机器人是因为它可能无法对人类的情绪作出正确的反应。
8.Which of the following maybe the purpose of this passage？（　　）
A.To introduce a free mental-care chatbot.
B.To encourage readers to learn from Sarah.
C.To suggest a new way to do mental research.
D.To call for more attention on mental healthcare.
解析：A　推理判断题。文章通过莎拉的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天的机器人服务，介绍了聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。由此可推知，本文的目的是介绍一个免费的心理护理聊天机器人。
C
　　（2024·广西玉林高二上期末）In South Korea， students should pay for everything they learn in classes from K-pop auditions to real estate deals. Now， top Korean firms are introducing artificial intelligence in hiring and job seekers want to learn how to defeat the robots to get a job.
　　Many major South Korean companies like SK Innovation and Hyundai use AI in hiring， which generates classes for AI hiring booming fast. Career advisor Park Seong-jung is now offering a three-hour training course in handling recruitment， screening by computers， not people.
　　Preparing for such tests doesn’t necessarily involve simply memorizing answers. “Don’t force a smile with your lips，” Park Seong-jung told students looking for work in a recent session， one of many in which he said he has conducted for hundreds of people. “Smile with your eyes.”
　　One AI video system reviewed by Reuters asks candidates to introduce themselves， during which it spots and counts facial expressions including “fear” and “joy” and analyses word choices. It then asks questions that can be tough，“You are on a business trip with your boss and you spot him using the company credit card to buy himself a gift. What will you say？”
　　Kim Seok-wu， a 22-year-old senior at a top university， recently failed to get beyond an AI interview for a management position at a retail company. “I think I will feel hopeless if all companies go AI for hiring，” Kim said.“The AI interview is too new， so job hunters don’t know what to prepare for and any preparations seem meaningless since AI will read our faces if we make something up.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了韩国公司采用AI技术进行招聘面试而导致社会上兴起专门应对AI面试培训班，也提及了AI的面试方式及求职者对此种面试方式的看法。
9. Why do students in South Korea pay to study courses like AI hiring？（　　）
A.They want to be more competitive when faced with AI interview.
B.Big companies are in favor of it and want them to beat the androids.
C.They want to learn some AI knowledge and learn how to smile before AI.
D.AI can analyze their facial expressions and help to prepare for the interviews.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，韩国的顶级企业在招聘中引入人工智能，所以韩国学生要花钱学习人工智能招聘之类的课程，来让自己在面对人工智能面试时更具竞争力。
10. How does AI interview the job applicants according to the test？（　　）
A.By making a self introduction and answering some questions.
B.By asking interviewees how to deal with the boss’s asking for a gift.
C.By looking at what words the interviewees use when answering difficult questions.
D.By demanding an introduction， observing facial expressions and asking challenging questions.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，人工智能通过要求介绍、观察面部表情和提出具有挑战性的问题来对求职者进行面试。
11.What may be the job seekers’ attitude towards the AI in hiring？（　　）
A.Supportive.　　 B.Disapproving.
C.Uncaring.　　 D.Contradictory.
解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中求职者Kim Seok-wu的话可知，求职者对人工智能招聘持反对态度。
12. What is the style of the text？（　　）
A.A news report.
B.A job interview.
C.Scientific paper.
D.A job-seeking lecture.
解析：A　推理判断题。文章第一段开门见山地介绍了本文要讨论的话题，是新闻报道中的导语，同时文中多处出现直接引证，符合新闻报道的文本特征。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　Lino Marrero is a young inventor. For him， being an inventor is about helping the world by creating 　13　to everyday challenges.“I always start with a problem and see how it 　14　people，”he says.
　　Due to 　15　fingers， little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin. But his 　16　for music inspired him to invent a“String Ring”. It is an adjustable band that 　17　a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing.
　　A year later， Marrero created a（n） 　18　shoe with replaceable soles （鞋底） after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment.“Shoe waste 　19　a lot to landfills （垃圾填埋场），” he says，“since it has rubber soles that don’t 　20　easily.” Instead of owning 　21　shoes for different sports， his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards.
　　Marrero’s latest invention， Kinetic Kickz， was the 　22　of his personal experience. Having finished soccer practice， he found his cellphone was out of 　23　.Suddenly， he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer. Then he created a shoe insert （插入物） that 　24　energy and changes it into battery power to 　25　a cellphone.
　　As a high school freshman now， Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors， too.“Younger people often have novel 　26　that can be useful in making creations，” Marrero says.“We need to get a chain going， where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 　27　.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Lino Marrero是一位年轻的发明家，对他来说，作为一名发明家就是通过为日常挑战创造解决方案来帮助世界。文章主要介绍了他的一些日常发明。
13.A.additions　　 B.solutions
C.reactions　　 D.connections
解析：B　根据空后的to everyday challenges可知，此处指为日常挑战创造解决方案。addition添加物；solution方案；reaction反应；connection连接。
14.A.bothers　　 B.assesses
C.distracts　　 D.conducts
解析：A　根据语境可知，Marrero先找到问题，然后看这个问题如何困扰人们。bother困扰；assess评估；distract使分心；conduct实施。
15.A.short　　 B.painful
C.faulty　　 D.abnormal
解析：B　根据下文little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin以及a musician’s aching fingers可知，小Marrero想放弃拉小提琴，因为他手指痛。short短的；painful痛的；faulty有缺陷的；abnormal反常的。
16.A.passion　　 B.experience
C.curiosity　　 D.concern
解析：A　根据下文inspired him to invent a “String Ring”可知，对音乐的热爱激励他发明了一种“弦环”。one’s passion for ...表示“某人对……的热爱”。passion 热爱；experience经历；curiosity好奇心；concern关心。
17.A.decorates　　 B.stretches
C.weakens　　 D.protects
解析：D　根据空后的a musician’s aching fingers so he can continue practicing可知，这种东西可以保护音乐家疼痛的手指，使他可以继续练习。decorate装饰；stretch伸展；weaken削弱；protect保护。
18.A.up-to-date　　 B.good-looking
C.eco-friendly　　 D.risk-free
解析：C　根据下文after learning traditional footwear could damage the environment可知，发明可更换鞋底的鞋是为了保护环境。up-to-date最新的；good-looking好看的；eco-friendly环保的；risk-free无风险的。
19.A.owes　　 B.contributes
C.devotes　　 D.applies
解析：B　下文提到垃圾填埋场，所以此处指鞋子废物造成大量垃圾。contribute是……的原因之一（后跟to）；owe欠（债）；devote献身；apply应用。
20.A.die out　　 B.end up
C.break down　　 D.run out
解析：C　上文提到传统的鞋会破坏环境，此处说明背后的原因——橡胶鞋底不易分解。die out灭绝；end up结束；break down分解；run out耗尽。
21.A.fashionable　　 B.expensive
C.similar　　 D.various
解析：D　此处是说他的发明让运动员们不用为不同的运动项目拥有各种各样的鞋子，而是在他们的橱柜里只放一双鞋。fashionable时尚的；expensive昂贵的；similar相似的；various各种各样的。
22.A.copy　　 B.fruit
C.award　　 D.label
解析：B　下文介绍Marrero在足球训练结束后发现手机没电了，从而发明了Kinetic Kickz。由此可知，最新的发明Kinetic Kickz是他个人经历的成果。copy复制品；fruit成果；award奖品；label标签。
23.A.power　　 B.order
C.demand　　 D.service
解析：A　根据下文he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer可知，Marrero是从手机没电这一经历中得到启发。out of power没电。power电力供应；order订单；demand需求；service服务。
24.A.uses　　 B.generates
C.collects　　 D.consumes
解析：C　根据下文and changes it into battery power可知，他的发明可以收集能量并将其转化为电池电源，这样就可以给手机充电了。use使用；generate产生；collect收集；consume耗费。
25.A.repair　　 B.update
C.design　　 D.charge
解析：D　参见上题解析。repair修理；update更新；design设计；charge给……充电。
26.A.viewpoints　　 B.comments
C.predictions　　 D.occupations
解析：A　根据空后的that can be useful in making creations可知，此处说年轻人通常有对创造有用的新颖观点。viewpoint观点；comment评论；prediction预测；occupation职业。
27.A.in conclusion　　 B.in brief
C.in turn　　 D.in advance
解析：C　根据上文We need to get a chain going可知，Marrero希望自己能激励一些人，然后这些人转而帮助激励其他人。in conclusion总之；in brief简言之；in turn转而；in advance提前。
13 / 13单元质量检测（四）　A glimpse of the future
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What colour does the woman prefer？（　　）
A.Blue.　　B.Pink.　　C.Yellow.
2.Where is the woman going？（　　）
A.A bank.　　B.A shop.　　C.A park.
3.What does the woman plan to do tonight？（　　）
A.Watch a movie.
B.Give a performance.
C.Practice the piano.
4.What are the speakers probably doing？（　　）
A.Cooking.
B.Having dinner.
C.Ordering food.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about？（　　）
A.When Jim will return.
B.When Tom flew to Beijing.
C.Who is reading a book there.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What was wrong with Hun？（　　）
A.He hurt his head.
B.He fell ill with heart trouble.
C.He was hit by a taxi.
7.What did the woman do？（　　）
A.She called the doctor.
B.She checked Hun’s body.
C.She took Hun to the hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Why does the man suggest eating out？（　　）
A.To enjoy a family dinner.
B.To celebrate his promotion.
C.To celebrate Shelly’s birthday.
9.How old is the speakers’ granddaughter？（　　）
A.Three.　　B.Four.　　C.Five.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What does the woman complain about the office？（　　）
A.It’s unclean.　　B.It’s too small.　　C.It’s noisy.
11.What are the speakers supposed to do in the office？（　　）
A.Give students their assignments.
B.Prepare for the lessons.
C.Let students help with the reports.
12.What is the room downstairs used for now？（　　）
A.Storage.　　B.Meetings.　　C.Reading.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What does the woman have to do on Mondays？（　　）
A.Work at the swimming pool.
B.Have Spanish grammar classes.
C.Have discussions with Mr Brown.
14.When did the tennis club meet last year？（　　）
A.On Mondays.
B.On Tuesdays.
C.On Wednesdays.
15.Which sport does the man probably prefer？（　　）
A.Badminton.　　B.Football.　　C.Tennis.
16.What club will both the speakers join？（　　）
A.The film club.
B.The singing club.
C.The guitar club.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Who backed the BlackFly vehicle？（　　）
A.Marcus Leng.
B.Robert Eustace.
C.Larry Page.
18.What does a person have to do to use the flying car？（　　）
A.Get a pilot’s license.
B.Pass a written test.
C.Receive training in a plane.
19.Why do some experts say the term “car” is a wrong name？（　　）
A.Because the vehicle can only carry one person.
B.Because the vehicle costs as much as a regular car.
C.Because the vehicle cannot be driven on roads.
20.What does Robert Eustace think of the development of flying cars？（　　）
A.Very fast.
B.Energy-saving.
C.Affordable.
答案：1－5　BACBC　6－10　BCBCC
11－15　BAABC　16－20　ACBCA
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Do you think we should paint our bedroom yellow or light blue？
W：How about pink？
（Text 2）
W：Excuse me.Where can I find the nearest bank？
M：There is a bank on Park Street.It’s across from the shopping center.
（Text 3）
M： I wonder if you’d be interested in going to the cinema with me tonight.
W：Sorry， but I have to practice the piano tonight.
（Text 4）
M：Could you pass me the salt， please？
W：Here you are.So how do you like the food？
M：I love most of the food， but the soup seems to have no salt.
（Text 5）
W：Look — is that Tom over there， the boy reading a book？
M：That can’t be Tom.That must be his brother Jim.
W：Why？
M：Because Tom flew to Beijing just last night.He couldn’t have returned yet.
（Text 6）
M：Could you tell me what happened？
W：Sure.We were in a taxi.Hun was showing me around the city when he said he had a pain in his chest and he felt light-headed.I thought that it was probably his heart， so I told him we should have a check.And here we are.
M：You said the right thing.He has heart trouble.Thank you very much for coming here with him.
W：Oh， that’s all right.Do you know how long he will be in hospital？
M：Not yet.I’m going to talk to the doctor now.
（Text 7）
M：Honey， let’s eat out tonight.
W：What for？
M：I got promoted.
W：Really？ That’s great.It’s a big moment.We should celebrate it.But Linda is coming tonight.Can we make it another time？
M：Linda is coming！ That’s it.Linda will come with us and we can enjoy a family dinner together.It must be a wonderful time.
W：Sounds good.It is half a year since we had a family dinner.Have you booked a table for four？
M：For four？ There are just three of us.
W：Our granddaughter Shelly is coming along.And today is her fifth birthday.
M：It’s a real surprise.I can’t wait to see her.I’ll call and make a reservation right now.
（Text 8）
W：I need to talk to you about the situation in the office， Simon.
M：Oh， I know I should have kept my desk clean.Sorry， I ...
W：That’s not what I want to say.I mean the noise！ We’re supposed to do our preparation for the courses and grade the students’ assignments in the office， but Professor Brian constantly has students coming in to help with his research reports.I can’t get focused on my work！
M：What do you think of that small room downstairs？ We could change it into a meeting room for Professor Brian to use.
W：You mean the room used for storing supplies now？ I thought the school said it would be changed into a little library.
M：Well， I don’t know.Let’s go and ask.
（Text 9）
M：Will you go to any evening classes at the community center this year， Jess？
W：Maybe.Is the badminton club running this year？ I enjoyed that.
M：Yes， but it is on Mondays now， at 6：30.
W：That’s a shame.I have to work late at the swimming pool on Mondays.I could go， but I’ll arrive late.What’s on Tuesdays？ Is it the tennis club again？
M：No.That’s on Wednesdays this year.On Tuesdays it’s football.
W：Will you go？
M：To football？ No， but I might go to tennis.I’ve just read my college timetable.I have Spanish grammar classes all afternoon on Wednesday.My brain always feels really tired after those lessons， so I’ll enjoy hitting a ball hard after that！
W：Then maybe I won’t go.It sounds like it will be dangerous if you’re there！ Is there anything on Thursdays？
M：Mr Brown is running his usual club again， just like last year.
W：Oh！ Mr Brown’s Thursday film club！ I enjoyed that.We had some great discussions.
M：Yes.I’m hoping to do that this year， too.And on Fridays， the local singing club will be upstairs and the guitar club is downstairs.
W：Oh， yes.I tried the singing club a few years ago， but the songs were quite boring.
M：Well， I guess I’ll see you on Thursday evenings then！
W：Yes！
（Text 10）
M：Man is set to enter a new stage of transport as a flying car will go on sale next year.The BlackFly vehicle was shown publicly for the first time by the maker Opener in California on Thursday.Larry Page provides money for the flying car.BlackFly’s designers say it can travel for up to 40 km at a speed of 100 kph.It will eventually cost the same as a regular car.The vehicle has been tested in Canada， which has authorized its use.Even though it will fly to the skies， drivers will not need a pilot’s license to get behind the controls.However， BlackFly operators will have to successfully complete a pilot’s written examination and receive training in how to use the vehicle.
Some experts say the term “car” is somewhat of a wrong name as it has no wheels and cannot be driven on roads.A more accurate description would be a person-carrying vehicle.The vehicle can only carry one person.Company CEO Marcus Leng said，“Opener is reenergizing the art of flight with a safe and affordable flying vehicle that can free its operators from the everyday restrictions of ground transportation.” Robert Eustace， the former Senior Vice President of Knowledge said the age of personal flight could be arriving with BlackFly.He said，“I’ve noticed that things go from impossible to unavoidable in a very short period of time.”
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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　　Candidates will be asked to evaluate our instruments for 30 days （risk free）.At the end of the 30 days， if you are satisfied with the improvement in your hearing and wish to keep the instruments， you may do so at tremendous saving.But this is only for a limited time！
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　　For details and accurate coverage， visit our home page at Miracle-.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了公司为最新研制的助听器招募测试人员。
21.Who are the most likely to be selected to test the product？（　　）
A.People with mental disability.
B.People with hearing disorder.
C.People with interest in technology.
D.People with specific insurance codes.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据HERE’S THE CATCH部分第一段中的You must have difficulty hearing and understanding in background noise， and your hearing must fall in the range of the hearing aid.可知，听力障碍患者最有可能被选中测试产品。
22.What can candidates do after the test？（　　）
A.Keep the instrument for free.
B.Get a job in federal government.
C.Enjoy a policy for a discount.
D.Have free insurance for their health.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据HERE’S THE CATCH部分第二段中的At the end of the 30 days， if you are satisfied with the improvement in your hearing and wish to keep the instruments， you may do so at tremendous saving.可知，测试者可以享受优惠购买。
23.Where does the passage probably come from？（　　）
A.A tourist brochure.
B.A health guide.
C.A medical report.
D.An online advertisement.
解析：D　文章出处题。根据最后一段中的网页链接可知，文章可能来自在线广告。
B
　　（2024·江苏扬州中学高二下期中）Will the AI chatbots eat search engines’ lunch？ For more than 20 years， search engines have been the Internet’s front door.Google has dominated the field in most of the world.But nothing lasts forever， particularly in technology.
　　Just ask IBM， which once ruled business computing， or Nokia， once the leader in mobile phones.Both fell behind because they didn’t follow big technological transitions.Now another tech innovation might announce a similar shift — and a similar opportunity.ChatGPT has put itself on centre stage， by letting people chat with an AI directly.ChatGPT can write essays in various styles， explain complex concepts， summarize texts and answer questions.And it can collect， process and combine knowledge from the web： for example， listing holiday spots that match certain criteria， or suggesting menus or schedules.If asked， it can explain its reasoning and provide details.Many things that people use search engines for today， in short， can be done better with chatbots.
　　Will ChatGPT help students cheat better？ Yes， but as with many other technology developments， it’s not a simple black and white situation.Decades ago， students could copy encyclopedia entries， and more recently， they’ve been able to search the Internet and explore into Wikipedia entries.ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing their homework for them.Many ChatGPT answers already sound like student essays.Ask the new artificial intelligence tool ChatGPT to write an essay about the cause of the American Civil War and you can watch it produce a persuasive term paper in a matter of seconds.
　　It can even （narrowly） pass a number of exams.It scored 60% on the United States Medical Licensing Examination， 70% on an exam for lawyers， 78% on New York state’s high school chemistry exam’s multiple choice section， and ranked the 40th on the Law School Admission Test.
　　A high school teacher concluded ChatGPT already writes better than most students today.He’s torn between admiring ChatGPT’s potential usefulness and fearing its harm to human learning： “Is this moment more like the invention of the calculator， saving me from the boredom of long division， or more like the invention of the player piano， robbing us of what can be communicated only through human emotion？”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT 聊天机器人的发明及其主要功能。
24.What is the reason why some tech companies fail to develop？（　　）
A.The sharp rising market cost.
B.Their shift to other business fields.
C.The negative impact of local economy.
D.Their failure to keep pace with tech changes.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Both fell behind because they didn’t follow big technological transitions.可知，一些科技公司没能发展是因为它们没有跟上科技改革。
25.What is ChatGPT unable to do according to the text？（　　）
A.Play the piano.
B.Write various articles.
C.Schedule a holiday trip.
D.Explain complex concepts.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的ChatGPT can write essays ...use search engines for today， in short， can be done better with chatbots.可知，ChatGPT不会弹钢琴。
26.What is the purpose of the percentages mentioned in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.To explain a rule.　　 B.To make a prediction.
C.To illustrate a fact.　　 D.To clarify a concept.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，本段通过一些数据说明了一个事实：ChatGPT甚至可以通过一些考试。
27.What is the author’s attitude towards ChatGPT？（　　）
A.Objective.　　 B.Positive.
C.Negative.　　 D.Ambiguous.
解析：A　观点态度题。根据第二至五段内容可知，作者客观地评论了ChatGPT的优缺点。
C
　　（2024·浙江金华曙光中学高二下月考）Many got sleepless nights after Sora amazed the world with its remarkable ability of creating videos directly from text instructions.Discussions about what the artificial intelligence model can do and make a difference continue.
　　Some said it could give a huge blow to traditional industries such as film and television making， looking forward to the day when a movie can be created right after a novel is put into the model.But others remain skeptical about how powerful the model can be in changing the landscape of AI application.
　　Developed by a group of young talent from Microsoft-backed company OpenAI， the text-to-video model can generate videos up to a minute long while maintaining visual quality and adherence to the user’s prompt.
　　Shen Yang， a professor at the School of Journalism and Communication， Tsinghua University， said， “Sora represents a revolutionary leap in the field of AI-generated content （AIGC）.”
　　As one of the leading scholars in AI research in China， Shen leads a team that studies the philosophy of AI.Until he learned about Sora on 16 February， Shen was quite satisfied with his team’s AI-generated videos.A two-minute video on the Spring Festival produced by Shen’s team have recently won many likes on social media platforms.“Compared with the new model Sora， what we used are tools of the previous generation.There’s a huge gap in between，” said Shen.
　　As a frequent user of AI， Shen said the technology not only helps improve his productivity， but also benefits his daily life.His wife was suffering from cancer and many complications， and he used AI to assist in finding treatment， which has remarkably prolonged her life.He even wrote an award-winning science fiction novel using AI.
　　However， new technologies do not mean good news to everyone.Many also concern about AI models’ safety issues since related regulations are lagging behind.
　　Sora is going to bring changes in many fields， including short video， film and television， news， games， advertising， education， and even industrial manufacturing， according to Shen.There is still much room to improve AI models.For instance， current AI models are not capable of drawing characters accurately and quickly.Shop signs lack meaning in Sora’s demo video showing a woman walking down a street in Tokyo.But these problems are believed to be solved as models update.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了Sora这个强大的AI工具并对其在改变人工智能应用前景方面的强大程度展开了讨论。
28.Which of the following might have similar meaning to the underlined word “blow” in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.Push.　　 B.Strike.
C.Warning.　　 D.Bonus.
解析：B　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的looking forward to the day when a movie can be created right after a novel is put into the model可推知，有人说，这将给电影、电视等传统产业带来巨大的冲击。由此可知，blow意为“冲击”。
29.What can we know from the passage？（　　）
A.All people can not benefit from the new AI technologies.
B.AI model’s safety isn’t concerning despite lagging legal restrictions.
C.The AI-generated videos by Shen Yang’s team were better than those created by Sora.
D.The text-to-video model was developed by a group of young talent from Tsinghua University.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第七段内容可推知，并不是所有人都能从新的人工智能技术中受益。
30.What kind of attitude does Shen have towards Sora？（　　）
A.Favorable.　　 B.Objective.
C.Unconcerned.　　 D.Reserved.
解析：A　观点态度题。根据第四段中Shen Yang说的Sora represents a revolutionary leap in the field of AI-generated content （AIGC）.可推知，Shen对Sora持支持态度。
31.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Sora： An AI Video
B.Video Making： AI Models
C.Sora： A Powerful AI Tool
D.Video Making： Future of AI
解析：C　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Sora这个强大的AI工具。
D
　　（2024·湖南常德一中高二下月考）The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW car， but is unique： It captures more carbon than it emits.“Our end goal is to create a more sustainable future，” said Jens Lahaije， finance manager for TU/ecomotive， the Eindhoven University of Technology student team that created the car.Called ZEM， for zero emission mobility， the two-seater houses a Cleantron lithium battery pack， and most of its parts are 3D-printed from recycled plastics， Lahaije said.The target is to minimize carbon dioxide emitted during the car’s full lifespan， from manufacturing to recycling， he added.
　　Battery electric vehicles emit virtually no CO2 during operation compared with combustion-engine （燃烧式发动机） vehicles， but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity （相同）” with comparable fossil-fueled models.
　　“Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO2 into a filter （过滤器）.We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car.The idea is very simple.While driving， air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.” ZEM uses two filters that can capture up to 2 kilograms （4.41 lb） of CO2 over 20，000 miles of driving， the Eindhoven team estimated.They imagine a future when filters can be emptied at charging stations， based on the fact that there are a nationwide charging infrastructure， which includes residential， commercial and public chargers across the country installed by the Energy Department， automakers and private businesses.
　　The students are showing their vehicle on a US promotional tour to universities and companies from the East Coast to Silicon Valley， hoping to attract more financial support.
　　It is hard to tell where the future will take the electric vehicles， but it is clear that they hold a lot of potential for creating a more sustainable future.In the end， only time will tell what road electric vehicles will take in the future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了一款来自荷兰的新型全电动汽车的设计和特点，包括其独特的能够吸收碳的功能以及使用回收塑料进行3D打印的环保特性。
32.What advantage does the newly-designed car have？（　　）
A.It looks like a BMW car.
B.It is a driverless car.
C.It’s a carbon-eating electric vehicle.
D.It purifies air automatically.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW car， but is unique： It captures more carbon than it emits.可知，这款新设计的汽车能够吸收比它排放的更多的碳，因此它的优势在于它是一款能够“吃碳”的电动汽车。
33.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　）
A.The function of filters.
B.The benefits of direct air capture.
C.The application prospect of the technology.
D.The operating principle of the technology.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了直接空气捕获技术的操作原理，即通过过滤器捕获二氧化碳。
34.What problem do the student team face according to the passage？（　　）
A.Lack of research fund.
B.Unpredictable application prospect.
C.No permission from the government.
D.Strong objection from the car companies.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，学生们正在美国进行宣传巡回，希望吸引更多的财政支持。由此可以推出，他们面临的问题是缺乏研究资金。
35.What is Jens Lahaije’s attitude towards the future of the sporty all-electric car？（　　）
A.Doubtful.　　 B.Confident.
C.Concerned.　　 D.Pessimistic.
解析：B　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段提到电动汽车有很大的潜力创造一个更可持续的未来，再根据第一段可知，Jens Lahaije是这个项目的财务经理，因此他对这款运动型全电动汽车的未来应该是充满信心的。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　（2024·广东东莞厚街中学高二下月考）If you think of the jobs robots could never do， you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list.It’s easy to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers， but some jobs need human connection and creativity.But are we underestimating （低估） what robots can do？ 36.（　　） Also， some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person.37.（　　）
　　British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so.And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom： 2027.38.（　　） And teachers will be like assistants.Intelligent robots will read students’ facial expressions， body movements and maybe even brain signals.Then they will adapt the information to each student.It’s not a popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy （同感） and the ability to really connect with humans like another human can.
　　One thing is certain， though.39.（　　） In some parts of the world， there aren’t enough teachers and 9－16 per cent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school.That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere.
　　Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked.Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers？” but “How can robots help teachers？” Office workers can use software to do things.40.（　　） If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports， teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.
A.Teachers can be replaced by robots.
B.A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all.
C.Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work.
D.He predicts robots will do the main job of transferring information.
E.Could there be a place for robots in education after all？
F.Robots can save time that teachers spend in teaching in classroom.
G.In some cases， they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing （诊断） illness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人在医生和教师等职业中的潜力，并提出了机器人可能在教室中替代教师的观点。
36.G　根据空前一句可知，此处提出疑问：我们是否低估了机器人的能力？空处应该对此问题进行回复。G项承接上文，指出在某些情况下，机器人在诊断疾病方面已经超过了医生，回答上文提出的问题。
37.E　根据下文British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so.And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom： 2027.可知，Anthony Seldon认为机器人能够在教育中起到作用，甚至还为机器人接管教室定下了日期。E项引起下文，提出是否机器人能够在教育中占有一席之地，下文对此问题进行回答。
38.D　空前一句强调在未来Anthony Seldon为机器人接管教室定下了日期：2027年。D项指出在未来的机器人接管教室中，机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，而老师则像助手一样。
39.B　根据上下文可知，有一件事是肯定的，这件事能够解决世界上某些地区没有足够教师的问题。B项指出事实，即机器人老师总比没有老师好，这样能够解决世界上有些地区没有足够老师的问题。
40.C　根据空后一句可知，机器人能够减少教师批改作业和写报告的时间，这样会给老师节留更多的时间和精力。C项与下文形成呼应，指出老师在非教学工作中浪费很多时间。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
　　（2024·辽宁抚顺高级中学高二下月考）Shortly after I placed an online order， a driverless car pulled up beside me.Once I 　41　 the car， I was asked to scan the QR code to show I was the person who had ordered the taxi.Then I had to 　42　 my seat belt.The car had sensors which wouldn’t let it 　43　 with anyone unfastened.When I was 　44　， the car pulled off by itself.
　　Even though I was running on what looked like a（n） 　45　 road， with normal traffic all around， the road here was special.It was fitted with sensors and 　46　 mapped， allowing the car to take me to my 　47　safely.The ride was 　48　 and uneventful， and I was even asked to rate my 　49　 in the app in the end.I knew I was rating an AI driver， 　50　 I gave five stars just in case AI takes over the world later and they know how to hold grudges （报复）.
　　Since the 　51　 license for testing driverless cars was issued in 2018， dozens of cities have set up test roads that 　52　 AI-driven cars to take to the streets.But there’s a problem with these cars — they’re still not allowed to operate without a human behind the wheel to take control of the cars in case of 　53　.By the second half of 2025， they think these types of 　54　 will truly be fully driverless， so you have little time to get used to the idea if it’s something that 　55　you.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”第一次乘坐无人驾驶汽车的体验。
41. A.turned on　　 B.took apart
C.got in　　 D.pulled over
解析：C　根据文章首句可知，“我”下单之后，便有汽车过来接“我”，于是“我”上车。turn on打开；take apart分开；get in上车；pull over靠边停车。
42. A.fasten　　 B.find
C.buy　　 D.clean
解析：A　根据下文with anyone unfastened可知，此处表示必须系好安全带。fasten系紧；find找到；buy购买；clean清洁。
43. A.open　　 B.agree
C.stop　　 D.leave
解析：D　此处表示如果汽车检测到未系安全带，则不会启动汽车出发。open打开；agree同意；stop停止；leave离开，出发。
44. A.sick　　 B.ready
C.asleep　　 D.amazed
解析：B　根据下文the car pulled off by itself可知，“我”系好安全带，即已经准备好了，车才启动。sick生病的；ready准备好的；asleep睡着的；amazed惊奇的。
45. A.wide　　 B.dirty
C.ancient　　 D.ordinary
解析：D　根据下文with normal traffic all around可知，我们行驶在一条普通的道路上。wide宽的；dirty脏的；ancient古老的；ordinary普通的。
46. A.secretly　　 B.digitally
C.occasionally　　 D.barely
解析：B　根据上文It was fitted with sensors可知，这是一辆智能汽车，因此它的行驶轨迹由数字地图支持。secretly秘密地；digitally数字地；occasionally时不时地；barely几乎不。
47. A.destination　　 B.room
C.boss　　 D.field
解析：A　根据语境可知，它装有传感器和数字地图，让汽车可以安全地带“我”到目的地。destination目的地；room空间；boss老板；field领域。
48. A.expensive　　 B.dangerous
C.smooth　　 D.tiring
解析：C　根据and uneventful可知，此处与uneventful是并列关系，表示一路上很顺利，平安无事。expensive昂贵的；dangerous危险的；smooth顺滑的；tiring令人疲倦的。
49. A.performance　　 B.trip
C.service　　 D.result
解析：B　根据rate和in the app可知，旅途很顺利，平安无事，最后“我”甚至被要求在应用程序中给“我”的旅行打分。performance表现；trip旅程；service服务；result结果。
50. A.while　　 B.if
C.so　　 D.though
解析：C　根据上文可知，“我”的此次旅程很顺利，“我”对服务很满意，因此“我”会给予满分的评价。while当……时；尽管；if如果；so因此；though尽管。
51. A.first　　 B.only
C.renewed　　 D.profitable
解析：A　根据下文for testing driverless cars was issued in 2018可知，这是第一张测试许可证。first第一个；only仅有的；renewed更新的；profitable可盈利的。
52. A.ban　　 B.send
C.borrow　　 D.allow
解析：D　颁发无人驾驶许可证之后，智能汽车则被允许上路行驶。ban禁止；send发送；borrow借；allow允许。
53. A.loss　　 B.failure
C.illness　　 D.death
解析：B　根据上文they’re still not allowed to operate without a human behind the wheel to take control of the cars可知，虽然是智能汽车，但是必须要求有人操控方向盘才能允许其上路行驶，以免汽车发生故障。loss损失；failure失败，故障；illness疾病；death死亡。
54. A.ships　　 B.arrangements
C.planes　　 D.vehicles
解析：D　根据上文But there’s a problem with these cars可知，这是一种新型汽车。ship船；arrangement安排；plane飞机；vehicle汽车。
55. A.benefits　　 B.abandons
C.scares　　 D.annoys
解析：C　根据上文fully driverless可知，这种汽车要实现完全无人化，可能会引起人们对新型汽车的害怕和担忧，因为这毕竟与我们常规的汽车不同。benefit使受益；abandon遗弃；scare使害怕；annoy使恼怒。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　（2024·福建师大附中高二下月考）AirCar is the latest generation flying car 56.　　　　　　 transforms from road vehicle into air vehicle in less than 3 minutes.Useful for leisure and self-driving 57.　　　　　　 （journey），the vehicle can go from driving to flying mode with the click of a button.The fifth generation flying car designed by Professor Stefan Klein 58.　　　　　　 （complete） two flight tests at Piestany airport in Slovakia so far.
　　The two-seat AirCar 59.　　　　　　 （weigh）1，100 kg and can carry an additional load of 200 kg per flight.60.　　　　　　 （power） by a BMW 1.6 L engine， the car-plane has an effective power output of 140HP.The estimated travel range of the vehicle is 1，000 km and the flight 61.　　　　　　 （consume） is 18 liters per hour.AirCar can transform from a ground-based vehicle to aircraft with its speed 62.　　　　　　 （reach） up to 200 km/h.But most importantly，the stability and controllability of the AirCar is 63.　　　　　　 （access） to any pilot.
　　“With AirCar you will arrive at your destination 64.　　　　　　 the trouble of getting a ride to airport and passing through commercial security.You can drive your AirCar to the golf course， the offices，the shopping center or your hotel and park it in 65.　　　　　　 normal parking space，” said Anton Zajac， Klein Vision’s co-founder， investor and pilot.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新一代飞行汽车AirCar的一些相关情况。
56.that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是flying car，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词，又因为名词前有最高级the latest修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
57.journeys　考查名词复数。journey是可数名词，前面没有限定词，应用复数形式。故填journeys。
58.has completed　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语so far可知，应用现在完成时，主语The fifth generation flying car为单数概念。故填has completed。
59.weighs　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处使用一般现在时；weigh意为“重量为”，使用主动语态。故填weighs。
60.Powered　考查非谓语动词。此处与主语the car-plane是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填Powered。
61.consumption　考查词形转换。此处是名词短语作主语，故填consumption。
62.reaching　考查非谓语动词。此处与its speed是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填reaching。
63.accessible　考查词形转换。be accessible to sb意为“容易被某人接近、使用”。故填accessible。
64.without　考查介词。根据语境可知，使用AirCar到达目的地，就不会有后面说的这些问题，故填without。
65.a　考查冠词。空处表示泛指，且normal的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　（2024·浙江金华曙光中学高二下月考）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter上周因为使用AI完成翻译作业而被中文老师批评，心情非常低落。请你写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.使用“AI辅助学习”的建议；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇： AI-assisted learning 人工智能辅助学习
Dear Peter，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Best regards，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
　　I’m sorry to hear about your recent setback with your Chinese translation assignment.While AI can be a great tool， it’s important to remember that it should be used as a supplement to our own efforts， not a replacement.
　　I encourage you to embrace AI-assisted learning.Use it as a tool to check your work or to help you understand the concepts you are struggling with.But don’t forget to put in hard work yourself.
　　I’m sure you’ll bounce back from this experience.Remember， it’s OK to make mistakes.They are an essential part of the learning process.Keep up the good work， and I’m sure you’ll achieve success you deserve.
Best regards，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·浙江9＋1高中联盟高二下期中）Steve grabbed his bat and glove.“See you later， Mom.I’m going to Paul’s.” With these words， he raced out the door and slammed （砰地关上） it behind him.Summer vacation just began.The boys planned to play baseball every day， so they could make the freshman team.
　　Seeing Paul waiting outside， Steve lifted his bat onto his shoulder and asked，“What are you doing？ Where’s your stuff？” Paul shook his head，“I have to clean Mr Thimpson’s garage before I can go.With his broken arm， he can’t do it himself.My mom always volunteers me to help the Thimpson’s.They’re kind of old.” “Okay，” said Steve.“I’ll help you.We’ll get done quicker working together.”
　　The boys went down the block to the Thimpson’s and got started.They put boxes that were scattered （散落） around the garage floor on shelves before they swept.As Paul lifted a big box onto a shelf， it fell off and with it fell an envelope.He picked up the envelope and found it wasn’t sealed.He opened it， inside which were lots of one hundred dollar bills.Gasping in astonishment， Paul pulled out a handful of bills and showed them to Steve.
　　“Where did you get that？” asked Steve.Paul pointed to the shelf， explaining，“It just fell down when the box fell.There’s got to be a couple of thousand dollars here.” He looked past Steve to the opening garage door.“Nobody is around.If I take some， I bet no one will ever know，” added Paul， uncontrollably picturing the bat and glove in McGroger’s Sports Store that he had longed for.
　　Steve frowned and shook his head.“Are you crazy？ That’s stealing.” “Well， I do a lot of chores for them and don’t get paid.It’s not really stealing； it’s kind of payment for my hard work.” Paul defended himself.“Forget about it.You’re better than that.” Steve grabbed the money from Paul’s hand， stuffed it back in the envelope and put the envelope back on the shelf.“Come on！ Let’s get done and go to the park，” Steve urged.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　“Hello， boys.Mrs Thimpson baked you a chocolate cake.” Mr Thimpson appeared and invited them in.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　As they wolfed the cake and were about to leave， Mrs Thimpson stopped Paul.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　“Hello， boys.Mrs Thimpson baked you a chocolate cake.” Mr Thimpson appeared and invited them in. His sudden appearance gave Paul such a start.He managed a smile and stammered， “Ugh ...sure， Mr Thimpson.Let us finish up and ...and we’ll be right in.” After Mr Thimpson went out， Paul turned to Steve， sighing in relief， “Phew！ That was close.Steve， you’re right.I don’t know what got into me just now.In fact， Mrs Thimpson always makes me cakes and cookies.” Then they got down to cleaning the garage quickly and before long they found themselves at the table enjoying big slices of chocolate cake and a glass of milk each.
　　As they wolfed the cake and were about to leave， Mrs Thimpson stopped Paul. Paul’s heart was in mouth again.However， to his surprise， Mrs Thimson handed him a brand new bat and glove with a gracious smile， “This is for you.I heard this is something you’d like.We try to find little ways to show our appreciation for what you’ve done for us.” Looking at the bat and glove and then at Steve， Paul flushed， shame welling up in him.“Thanks so much.I love them！” Outside， Steve put his hand on Paul’s shoulder.“See， you not only have a clear conscience， but also the bat and glove you wanted.”
16 / 16单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ◇自我评价 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1.　victim　 n.　　受害者
2.　capacity　 n.　　能力，才能
3.　leap　 n.　　剧变
4.　regulate　 v.　　控制，管理
5.　client　n.　　客户，客人，顾客
6.　cite　 v.　　引用，引述
7.　cell　 n.　　细胞
8.　bound　 adj.　　可能的
9.　cycle　 n.　　自行车
10.　demand　 n.　　需要，需求
11.　slope　 v.　　倾斜，成斜坡
12.　hop　 n.　　跳跃
13.　frown　 v.　　皱眉
14.　clue　 n.　　线索，提示
15.　consistent　 adj.　　一贯的，一致的
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1.All 　clues　 added up to the following： the police were wrong and he was innocent.
2.Many people became 　victims　 in that earthquake， which made the whole nation feel sorrowful.
3.My mother， whose guiding principle in life was doing right， had a 　consistent　 influence on me.
4.I feel like that my 　capacity　 has reached the point where I can compete for Olympic medals.
5.Now that you have done so much work， you’re 　bound　 to win the speech contest.
6.People who 　frown　 a lot usually develop deep lines as they get older.
7.The customers 　demand　 that the company improve the product quality.
二、拓展单词
1.　artificial　adj.人造的，人工的→artificiality n.人工，人造物→artificially adv.人工地，不自然地
2.　assistant　 n.助手，助理→assist v.帮助，援助，协助→assistance n.帮助，援助，协助
3.　potentially　 adv.潜在地→potential adj.潜在的，有可能的；n.可能性，潜力，潜能
4.　analyse　 v.分析→analysis n.分析
5.　illegal　 adj.非法的，违法的→illegally adv.违法地
6.　immoral　 adj.不道德的，道德败坏的→immorality n.不道德；伤风败俗的行为→immorally adv.不道德地
7.　assess　 v.评价，评定→assessment n.评价，评定
8.　mechanical　 adj.机械的→mechanically adv.机械地
9.　imitation　 n.仿制品→imitate v.模仿，仿效
10.　tightly　 adv.紧紧地→tight adj.紧紧的
11.　desperate　 adj.拼命的，绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地，绝望地，极度地
12.　faulty　 adj.有故障的，有缺陷的→fault n.过错；缺陷；故障
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Scenes of crime and violence on screen often lead to dangerous 　imitation　 （imitate）， which is often done by children.
2.The scientist urged people to use new types of 　analysis　 （analyse） to solve the problems of the universe.
3.Police arrested over 40 people suspected of 　illegally　 （illegal） collecting and purchasing personal data.
4.The store manager called for two 　assistants　 （assist） to help the customers.
5.The 　assessment　 （assess） of the situation indicates that there are many challenges ahead.
6.I tried 　desperately　 （desperate） hard not to reveal my true thoughts but failed.
7.The actors spoke their lines 　mechanically　 （mechanical）， hardly caring about the meaning.
8.It is out of the question to acknowledge that he was 　faulty　 （fault） and guilty.
三、重点短语
1.　happen to sb　　　发生在某人身上
2.　so far　　　到目前为止
3.　used to　　　过去常常
4.　in contrast　　　相比之下
5.　hang out　　　闲逛
6.　be susceptible to　　　易受……影响
7.　be capable of　　　能够
8.　wipe out　　　彻底消灭；全部摧毁
9.　lie in　　　存在，在于
10.　agree on　　　对……取得一致意见
11.　go through　　　经受；经历；通过
12.　the difference between ...and ...　
　　……和……之间的不同
13.　as though　　　似乎，好像
14.　change one’s mind　　　改变某人的想法
15.　be bound to　　　很有可能，肯定会
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1.The foundations of good health 　lie in　 love， laughter and self-confidence.
2.With the further growth in economy， people’s living condition 　is bound to　 improve.
3.He 　is capable of　 achieving success in his career， if he can overcome his current difficulties.
4.He must have 　gone through　 many difficulties before he succeeded.
5.My sister often 　hung out　 in the biggest shopping mall in the downtown after work and bought something needed.
6.Not everyone agrees to the plan.Some support it， while I am one of those who are opposed to it.But I won’t 　change my mind　.
四、经典句式
1.either ...or ...连接并列成分
In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking， artificial intelligence will be “　either the best， or the worst thing　 （最好或最坏的事情）， ever to happen to humanity”.
2.if引导的条件状语从句的省略
　If not　 （否则）， it might wipe us all out！
3.so that引导结果状语从句
The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky，was nearly full， 　so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit　 （因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来）.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.　Either you or one of your classmates　 is to attend the meeting that is to be held tomorrow.
要么你要么你的一个同学去参加明天召开的会议。
2.　If asked to look after luggage for someone else， inform the police at once.
如果有人要你替他照看行李，立即通知警察。
3.He ran the fastest among all the players， 　so that he got the first place　.
他在所有运动员中跑得最快，因此获得了第一名。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
一、人工智能的正面影响
1.achievement n.　　成就
2.thanks to　　多亏
3.personal assistant　　私人助理
4.immediate adj.　　立即的，立刻的
5.preference n.　　偏好
6.recommendation n.　　推荐
7.great adj.　　极好的
8.be susceptible to　　易受……影响
9.useful adj.　　有用的
10.advanced adj.　　高级的
11.be capable of　　能够
12.exercise v.　　运用；练习
13.solve v.　　解决
14.valuable adj.　　有价值的
15.automation n.　　自动化
16.lie in　　在于
17.capacity n.　　能力
18.analyse v.　　分析
19.interpret v.　　解释，解析
20.vast adj.　　巨大的
21.data n.　　数据
22.leap n.　　剧变
二、人工智能的负面影响
1.independently adv.　　独立地
2.risk n.　　风险
3.desire n.　　欲望
4.inconvenience n.　　不便
5.lose job　　失业
6.victim n.　　受害者
7.potentially adv.　　潜在地
8.in the long run　　从长远来看
9.replace v.　　代替
10.challenging adj.　　具有挑战性的
11.go wrong　　出错
12.fall into the wrong hands　　落入坏人之手
13.dangerous adj.　　危险的
14.illegal adj.　　非法的，违法的
15.immoral adj.　　不道德的，道德败坏的
16.faulty adj.　　有故障的，有缺陷的
三、未来人工智能
1.predict v.　　预测
2.available adj.　　可获得的，可得到的
3.hit the market　　上市
4.ideal adj.　　理想的
5.result in　　导致
6.paradox n.　　悖论
7.contradict v.　　相矛盾
8.travel back in time　　时光倒流
9.time travel　　时间旅行
10.look forward to　　期望，盼望
11.be likely to do sth　　可能做某事
12.bank on　　依靠，指望
13.on the horizon　　将要发生
14.get one’s hopes up　　使某人抱有希望
15.when it comes to　　当谈到……
16.reckon v.　　认为，以为
17.eliminate v.　　消除，排除
18.around the corner　　即将来临
19.ahead of one’s time　　领先于时代
20.be bound to　　很有可能，肯定会
21.sooner or later　　迟早，早晚
5 / 5UNIT 4　A glimpse of the future
单元话题导入
　　本单元涉及的主题语境内容是未来与科技发展、认识与探索未来。从不同角度展现了未来科技发展带来的便利以及可能存在的问题，依次呈现了科幻电影海报、人工智能发展、时间旅行、未来的医疗与交通、科幻小说等内容，旨在引导学生思考未来科技发展给生活带来的改变和世界的发展趋势，以及如何对待这种发展趋势，如何应对人工智能时代给人类带来的挑战等，进而更好地预测未来，创造未来。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。
advanced， imagination， technological， achievement， with the development of， be likely to
1.There 　are likely to　 be numerous potential breakthroughs and 　achievements　 in science and technology.
2.Future is indeed like a riddle， some areas of which are beyond the reach of our 　imagination　.
3.Only through mastering 　advanced　 science and technology can a nation be successful in facing more challenges of 　technological　 revolution and social progress.
4.　With the development of　 science and technology， we can travel to the Moon， Mars or some other planets.
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