2026届高考英语-介词与介词短语固定搭配（讲义）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2026届高考英语-介词与介词短语固定搭配（讲义） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 32.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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一、时间介词 Prepositions of Time
■ 1. at / on / in 的基本用法
介词短语 含义 例句
at + 时间点 在...时刻 at 6 o'clock, at noon, at midnight
at + 节日/时期 在...期间 at Christmas, at the age of ten
on + 具体某天 在...那天 on Monday, on July 4th, on my birthday
on + 上午/下午 在...上午 on the morning of May 1st
in + 时间段 在...期间 in the morning, in 2024, in summer
in + 一段时间 在...之后 I'll return in an hour.
【易混辨析】at / on / in
at：用于具体时刻、节日、年龄等点状时间
on：用于具体某一天或某天的上下午
in：用于较长的时间段（年、月、季节、世纪等）
■ 2. 表示时间先后顺序的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
before + 时间 在...之前 before lunch, before long
after + 时间 在...之后 after school, after a while
since + 时间点 自从... since 2020, since last year
until / till + 时间 直到... until tomorrow, wait until 5 o'clock
by + 时间 在...之前 by the end of this month
from...to... 从...到... from morning to night
■ 3. 表示时间持续的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
for + 时间段 持续... for two hours, for a long time
during + 时间段 在...期间 during the summer vacation
throughout + 时间段 贯穿整个... throughout the night
over + 时间段 在...期间 over the years
within + 时间段 在...之内 within two weeks
★ 注意：for后接时间段，since后接时间点。如：I have lived here for ten years. / I have lived here since 2014.
二、地点介词 Prepositions of Place
■ 1. at / in / on 的基本用法
介词短语 含义 例句
at + 地点 在...处（点） at the station, at the door, at home
in + 大地点 在...里面 in Beijing, in the room, in the box
on + 表面 在...上面 on the table, on the wall, on the floor
on + 交通工具 乘坐... on the bus, on the train, on the plane
【易混辨析】at / in / on 表示地点
at：把地点看作一个点，强调位置
in：强调在某个范围或空间内部
on：强调在某个表面或接触面上
■ 2. 表示方位的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
above 在...上方 The plane flew above the clouds.
over 在...正上方 There is a bridge over the river.
below 在...下方 The valley is below the mountain.
under 在...正下方 The cat is under the table.
between 在两者之间 The school is between the bank and the hospital.
among 在三者及以上之中 He is popular among his classmates.
through 穿过（内部） The train goes through the tunnel.
across 横穿（表面） Walk across the street carefully.
【易混辨析】through / across / over
through：从物体内部穿过，如穿过森林、隧道
across：从物体表面横穿，如过马路、过桥
over：从物体上方越过，如翻越围墙
■ 3. 表示位置关系的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
in front of 在...前面（外部） There is a tree in front of the house.
in the front of 在...前部（内部） He sits in the front of the classroom.
behind 在...后面 The garden is behind the house.
beside 在...旁边 She sat beside me at dinner.
next to 紧挨着 The bank is next to the post office.
opposite 在...对面 Our school is opposite the park.
三、方式介词 Prepositions of Manner
介词短语 含义 例句
by + 交通工具 乘坐... by bus, by train, by plane, by ship
by + doing 通过做... learn by doing, improve by practicing
by + 方式 以...方式 by hand, by phone, by email
in + 语言/方式 用... in English, in a low voice, in a hurry
with + 工具 用... write with a pen, cut with a knife
through + 方式 通过... learn through experience
by means of 通过...手段 He succeeded by means of hard work.
【易混辨析】by / with / in 表示方式
by：后接交通工具、动名词或抽象方式
with：后接具体工具或身体部位
in：后接语言、声音、材料等
四、原因介词 Prepositions of Cause
介词短语 含义 例句
because of + 名词 因为... He was late because of the traffic.
due to + 名词 由于... The delay was due to bad weather.
owing to + 名词 由于... Owing to the rain, the match was cancelled.
thanks to + 名词 多亏... Thanks to your help, I passed the exam.
for + 原因 因为... Thank you for your help. / famous for...
from + 原因 因...而死/受伤 die from cancer, suffer from a disease
out of + 原因 出于... help out of kindness, ask out of curiosity
【易混辨析】because of / due to / thanks to
because of：最常用，可放在句首或句中
due to：较正式，常用于系动词后
thanks to：多用于正面原因，带有感激意味
五、目的介词 Prepositions of Purpose
介词短语 含义 例句
for + 目的 为了... go for a walk, study for the exam
for + 对象 给... This gift is for you.
to + 目的 去... go to school, go to bed
in order to + 动词 为了... He got up early in order to catch the bus.
so as to + 动词 以便... Speak clearly so as to be understood.
for the purpose of 为了...目的 He came here for the purpose of studying.
六、关于介词 Prepositions of About
介词短语 含义 例句
about 关于，大约 talk about, worry about, about 100 people
of 关于，...的 think of, speak of, hear of
on 关于（学术、正式） a book on history, a lecture on science
concerning 关于 questions concerning the plan
regarding 关于 information regarding the project
as for 至于 As for me, I don't agree.
as to 关于，至于 He said nothing as to his plan.
【易混辨析】about / of / on 表示"关于"
about：普通用语，涉及各方面
of：多用于固定搭配，如think of, hear of
on：侧重学术性、系统性论述
七、常见介词短语固定搭配 Fixed Prepositional Phrases
■ 1. 动词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you on this matter.
agree to sth. 同意某事 He agreed to the plan.
agree on sth. 就...达成一致 We agreed on the price.
look after 照顾 She looks after her elderly mother.
look for 寻找 I'm looking for my lost key.
look forward to 期待 I look forward to seeing you.
depend on / rely on 依靠 Children depend on their parents.
insist on 坚持 He insisted on going with us.
belong to 属于 This book belongs to me.
listen to 听 Listen to the teacher carefully.
wait for 等待 I'm waiting for the bus.
apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 He apologized to me for being late.
■ 2. 形容词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
be good at 擅长 She is good at English.
be bad at 不擅长 He is bad at math.
be interested in 对...感兴趣 I'm interested in music.
be fond of 喜欢 She is fond of reading.
be afraid of 害怕 He is afraid of dogs.
be proud of 为...自豪 We are proud of our country.
be famous for 因...著名 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.
be worried about 担心 She is worried about her exam.
be satisfied with 对...满意 I'm satisfied with the result.
be angry with sb. 生某人的气 She was angry with me.
be angry at sth. 因某事生气 He was angry at the news.
be busy with 忙于 He is busy with his work.
be strict with sb. 对某人严格 The teacher is strict with us.
be strict in sth. 对某事严格 He is strict in his work.
■ 3. 名词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
the key to ...的关键/答案 This is the key to the problem.
the answer to ...的答案 What's the answer to this question
the solution to ...的解决方案 We need to find a solution to the problem.
the way to 去...的路 Can you tell me the way to the station
the reason for ...的原因 What's the reason for your absence
respect for 对...的尊敬 We should show respect for the elderly.
love for 对...的爱 Her love for music is obvious.
need for 对...的需求 There is a need for more teachers.
difficulty in 在...方面的困难 He has difficulty in learning English.
trouble with ...方面的麻烦 I have trouble with my computer.
★ 注意：key, answer, solution, way等名词后习惯用to，而不是of。
八、特殊用法与易错点 Special Usage
■ 1. 介词后接动名词
介词短语 含义 例句
look forward to doing 期待做某事 I look forward to meeting you.
be used to doing 习惯于做某事 He is used to getting up early.
object to doing 反对做某事 I object to being treated like this.
devote...to doing 致力于做某事 He devoted his life to teaching.
stick to doing 坚持做某事 He sticks to exercising every day.
pay attention to doing 注意做某事 Pay attention to spelling.
be busy doing 忙于做某事 He is busy preparing for the exam.
★ 注意：to既可以是介词也可以是不定式符号。以上短语中的to是介词，后接动名词。
■ 2. 不用介词的情况
介词短语 含义 例句
this/that/last/next + 时间 不加介词 I'll see you next week. (不说in next week)
every + 时间 不加介词 He goes swimming every day.
today/tomorrow/yesterday 不加介词 I met him yesterday.
表示方式的副词 不加介词 He came home by bus. → He came home by bus.
■ 3. 容易混淆的介词短语
【易混辨析】at the end / in the end / by the end
at the end of：在...的尽头/末端（位置或时间）
in the end：最后，终于（不接of）
by the end of：在...结束之前（常与完成时连用）
【易混辨析】in time / on time
in time：及时，迟早
on time：准时，按时
【易混辨析】at a time / at one time / at times
at a time：每次，一次
at one time：曾经，一度
at times：有时，偶尔
■ 1. at / on / in 的基本用法
介词短语 含义 例句
at + 时间点 在...时刻 at 6 o'clock, at noon, at midnight
at + 节日/时期 在...期间 at Christmas, at the age of ten
on + 具体某天 在...那天 on Monday, on July 4th, on my birthday
on + 上午/下午 在...上午 on the morning of May 1st
in + 时间段 在...期间 in the morning, in 2024, in summer
in + 一段时间 在...之后 I'll return in an hour.
【易混辨析】at / on / in
at：用于具体时刻、节日、年龄等点状时间
on：用于具体某一天或某天的上下午
in：用于较长的时间段（年、月、季节、世纪等）
■ 2. 表示时间先后顺序的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
before + 时间 在...之前 before lunch, before long
after + 时间 在...之后 after school, after a while
since + 时间点 自从... since 2020, since last year
until / till + 时间 直到... until tomorrow, wait until 5 o'clock
by + 时间 在...之前 by the end of this month
from...to... 从...到... from morning to night
■ 3. 表示时间持续的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
for + 时间段 持续... for two hours, for a long time
during + 时间段 在...期间 during the summer vacation
throughout + 时间段 贯穿整个... throughout the night
over + 时间段 在...期间 over the years
within + 时间段 在...之内 within two weeks
★ 注意：for后接时间段，since后接时间点。如：I have lived here for ten years. / I have lived here since 2014.
二、地点介词 Prepositions of Place
■ 1. at / in / on 的基本用法
介词短语 含义 例句
at + 地点 在...处（点） at the station, at the door, at home
in + 大地点 在...里面 in Beijing, in the room, in the box
on + 表面 在...上面 on the table, on the wall, on the floor
on + 交通工具 乘坐... on the bus, on the train, on the plane
【易混辨析】at / in / on 表示地点
at：把地点看作一个点，强调位置
in：强调在某个范围或空间内部
on：强调在某个表面或接触面上
■ 2. 表示方位的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
above 在...上方 The plane flew above the clouds.
over 在...正上方 There is a bridge over the river.
below 在...下方 The valley is below the mountain.
under 在...正下方 The cat is under the table.
between 在两者之间 The school is between the bank and the hospital.
among 在三者及以上之中 He is popular among his classmates.
through 穿过（内部） The train goes through the tunnel.
across 横穿（表面） Walk across the street carefully.
【易混辨析】through / across / over
through：从物体内部穿过，如穿过森林、隧道
across：从物体表面横穿，如过马路、过桥
over：从物体上方越过，如翻越围墙
■ 3. 表示位置关系的介词
介词短语 含义 例句
in front of 在...前面（外部） There is a tree in front of the house.
in the front of 在...前部（内部） He sits in the front of the classroom.
behind 在...后面 The garden is behind the house.
beside 在...旁边 She sat beside me at dinner.
next to 紧挨着 The bank is next to the post office.
opposite 在...对面 Our school is opposite the park.
三、方式介词 Prepositions of Manner
介词短语 含义 例句
by + 交通工具 乘坐... by bus, by train, by plane, by ship
by + doing 通过做... learn by doing, improve by practicing
by + 方式 以...方式 by hand, by phone, by email
in + 语言/方式 用... in English, in a low voice, in a hurry
with + 工具 用... write with a pen, cut with a knife
through + 方式 通过... learn through experience
by means of 通过...手段 He succeeded by means of hard work.
【易混辨析】by / with / in 表示方式
by：后接交通工具、动名词或抽象方式
with：后接具体工具或身体部位
in：后接语言、声音、材料等
四、原因介词 Prepositions of Cause
介词短语 含义 例句
because of + 名词 因为... He was late because of the traffic.
due to + 名词 由于... The delay was due to bad weather.
owing to + 名词 由于... Owing to the rain, the match was cancelled.
thanks to + 名词 多亏... Thanks to your help, I passed the exam.
for + 原因 因为... Thank you for your help. / famous for...
from + 原因 因...而死/受伤 die from cancer, suffer from a disease
out of + 原因 出于... help out of kindness, ask out of curiosity
【易混辨析】because of / due to / thanks to
because of：最常用，可放在句首或句中
due to：较正式，常用于系动词后
thanks to：多用于正面原因，带有感激意味
五、目的介词 Prepositions of Purpose
介词短语 含义 例句
for + 目的 为了... go for a walk, study for the exam
for + 对象 给... This gift is for you.
to + 目的 去... go to school, go to bed
in order to + 动词 为了... He got up early in order to catch the bus.
so as to + 动词 以便... Speak clearly so as to be understood.
for the purpose of 为了...目的 He came here for the purpose of studying.
六、关于介词 Prepositions of About
介词短语 含义 例句
about 关于，大约 talk about, worry about, about 100 people
of 关于，...的 think of, speak of, hear of
on 关于（学术、正式） a book on history, a lecture on science
concerning 关于 questions concerning the plan
regarding 关于 information regarding the project
as for 至于 As for me, I don't agree.
as to 关于，至于 He said nothing as to his plan.
【易混辨析】about / of / on 表示"关于"
about：普通用语，涉及各方面
of：多用于固定搭配，如think of, hear of
on：侧重学术性、系统性论述
七、常见介词短语固定搭配 Fixed Prepositional Phrases
■ 1. 动词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you on this matter.
agree to sth. 同意某事 He agreed to the plan.
agree on sth. 就...达成一致 We agreed on the price.
look after 照顾 She looks after her elderly mother.
look for 寻找 I'm looking for my lost key.
look forward to 期待 I look forward to seeing you.
depend on / rely on 依靠 Children depend on their parents.
insist on 坚持 He insisted on going with us.
belong to 属于 This book belongs to me.
listen to 听 Listen to the teacher carefully.
wait for 等待 I'm waiting for the bus.
apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 He apologized to me for being late.
■ 2. 形容词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
be good at 擅长 She is good at English.
be bad at 不擅长 He is bad at math.
be interested in 对...感兴趣 I'm interested in music.
be fond of 喜欢 She is fond of reading.
be afraid of 害怕 He is afraid of dogs.
be proud of 为...自豪 We are proud of our country.
be famous for 因...著名 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.
be worried about 担心 She is worried about her exam.
be satisfied with 对...满意 I'm satisfied with the result.
be angry with sb. 生某人的气 She was angry with me.
be angry at sth. 因某事生气 He was angry at the news.
be busy with 忙于 He is busy with his work.
be strict with sb. 对某人严格 The teacher is strict with us.
be strict in sth. 对某事严格 He is strict in his work.
■ 3. 名词+介词搭配
介词短语 含义 例句
the key to ...的关键/答案 This is the key to the problem.
the answer to ...的答案 What's the answer to this question
the solution to ...的解决方案 We need to find a solution to the problem.
the way to 去...的路 Can you tell me the way to the station
the reason for ...的原因 What's the reason for your absence
respect for 对...的尊敬 We should show respect for the elderly.
love for 对...的爱 Her love for music is obvious.
need for 对...的需求 There is a need for more teachers.
difficulty in 在...方面的困难 He has difficulty in learning English.
trouble with ...方面的麻烦 I have trouble with my computer.
★ 注意：key, answer, solution, way等名词后习惯用to，而不是of。
八、特殊用法与易错点 Special Usage
■ 1. 介词后接动名词
介词短语 含义 例句
look forward to doing 期待做某事 I look forward to meeting you.
be used to doing 习惯于做某事 He is used to getting up early.
object to doing 反对做某事 I object to being treated like this.
devote...to doing 致力于做某事 He devoted his life to teaching.
stick to doing 坚持做某事 He sticks to exercising every day.
pay attention to doing 注意做某事 Pay attention to spelling.
be busy doing 忙于做某事 He is busy preparing for the exam.
★ 注意：to既可以是介词也可以是不定式符号。以上短语中的to是介词，后接动名词。
■ 2. 不用介词的情况
介词短语 含义 例句
this/that/last/next + 时间 不加介词 I'll see you next week. (不说in next week)
every + 时间 不加介词 He goes swimming every day.
today/tomorrow/yesterday 不加介词 I met him yesterday.
表示方式的副词 不加介词 He came home by bus. → He came home by bus.
■ 3. 容易混淆的介词短语
【易混辨析】at the end / in the end / by the end
at the end of：在...的尽头/末端（位置或时间）
in the end：最后，终于（不接of）
by the end of：在...结束之前（常与完成时连用）
【易混辨析】in time / on time
in time：及时，迟早
on time：准时，按时
【易混辨析】at a time / at one time / at times
at a time：每次，一次
at one time：曾经，一度
at times：有时，偶尔