Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
写一篇关于互联网使用情况的报告
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于互联网使用情况的调查报告。调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致的调查，对所获得的材料进行认真分析研究，发现本质特征和基本规律之后写成的书面报告。本单元通过对互联网使用情况的分析，说明了在使用互联网时存在的问题及其不良影响，并提出有实际价值的建议。另外要注意语气委婉、中肯。具体写作结构如下：
一、写作常用词汇
1.netizen n. 网民
2.download vt. 下载
3.imply vt. 意味着；暗示；表明
4.surf the Internet 上网
5.be addicted to 痴迷于
6.chat with 与……聊天
7.make a survey 做调查
8.do harm to/be harmful to 对……有害
9.result in/lead to 导致
10.in addition/besides/furthermore 另外
11.on （the） one hand ...； on the other hand ...一方面……；另一方面……
12.above all （else） 最重要的是
13.on the contrary （与此）相反
二、写作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表达）
1.Recently， a survey was conducted to know the situation of middle school students surfing the Internet.
最近，（我们）进行了一项调查来了解中学生上网的情况。
2.It seems more people trust Internet security， as they are more likely to shop online or make online payments now than in the past.
似乎越来越多的人信任互联网安全，因为他们现在比过去更有可能在网上购物或在线支付。
3.The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily lives.
互联网在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
4.Also， the popularity of mobile Internet use has grown dramatically in the past five years.
此外，在过去五年中，移动互联网的普及率急剧上升。
5.Being lost in the Internet may affect our study and work.
迷失在互联网可能会影响我们的学习和工作。
6.As far as I am concerned， people will probably spend even more time online in the future.
就我而言，未来人们可能会花更多的时间上网。
7.Only if students are given proper guidance can they make the best of the Internet.
只有给予学生适当的指导，他们才能充分利用互联网。
假定你是李华，你校英语社团上周就中学生上网情况进行了调查。请你写一个调查报告，内容包括：
1.中学生网民约占30%；
2.大约80%的学生在家里上网，大约12%的学生在朋友或亲戚家上网；
3.大多数学生上网主要是玩游戏、聊天、在线听音乐、浏览网页、购物；
4.大多数学生会因为学习而减少上网。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
My team made a survey about how the students use the Internet last week.
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.网民
2.上网
3.占大多数
4.与……聊天
5.下载音乐
6.放弃
7.显然，明显
8.集中注意力于
◎遣词造句
1.根据调查，网民中接近三分之一是学生，他们因为各种原因上网。
2.在家里上网的学生占大多数。
3.大约80%的学生在家里上网，只有大约12%的学生在朋友和亲戚家上网。
4.他们中的大多数人使用互联网玩游戏，与朋友聊天，下载一些音乐，购买他们喜欢的商品，等等。
5.很明显，大多数学生因为家庭作业而放弃了上网。
6.学生不应该花太多时间上网。
7.他们应该把注意力放在功课上。
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.用非限制性定语从句改写句1
2.用动词-ing形式作定语改写句2
3.用主语从句改写句5
4.用not ...but ...合并句6和句7
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
My team made a survey about how the students use the Internet last week.
【即时演练】
假定你是育才中学学生李华，经常通过网络学习英语。你的英国网友David正在学习汉语，获悉你英语成绩优异，因此给你发来邮件，询问你是如何通过互联网学习英语的，内容包括：
1.网络观看或者阅读的工具和内容；
2.网络学习的优点；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
How are things going with you？
Hope that my experience and advice will be of some help to your learning Chinese.
Yours，
Li Hua
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ
2 / 3Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
The Internet： a world without frontiers①
The Internet has the power to connect people across the world to a single shared community②.Billions③ of people in different parts of the world have joined it already， and obviously④ many more will follow.Even in the countryside， the Internet enables people to reach beyond their villages and get in touch with⑤ the outside world.[1]We can achieve almost anything online—with access⑥ to the Internet come some truly life-changing advantages.
[1]句中with access to the Internet ...是一个倒装结构，起强调作用。正常的语序是some truly life-changing advantages come with access to the Internet。
One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in⑦ the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.To a certain extent⑧， the world’s knowledge is all at our fingertips⑨.[2]With the click⑩ of a mouse or the touch of a button ， it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know， from recipes to travel packages， from military affairs to learning resources.In the time it takes to find one book in the library， we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results.[3] No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
[2]it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to find out almost anything we care to know。we care to know是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词anything。
[3]No wonder ...是It is no wonder that ...的省略形式，表示“难怪……；……不足为奇”；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the first place，that在定语从句中作宾语。
[4]The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient， with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce ， more commonly known as e-commerce.[5]You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites .[6]Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room.Why wait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain？ It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app.Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives.When you wish to go on holiday， you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer.Forgot to carry cash ？There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.
[4]with复合结构作状语，其结构为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。此处provide与all sorts of goods and services之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
[5]have food delivered 是have sth done结构，表示“使/让某事被做”。
[6]Gone are the days ...意为“……的日子一去不复返了”，使用了倒装结构。作表语的过去分词gone前置，句子要用完全倒装，正常语序应该是The days ...boots are gone。
Above all else ， the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties.With all sorts of communication software ， physical distance no longer gets in the way.[7]No matter where we are， we are able to keep in contact with loved ones， find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.An instant message， a group chat， a video call， a comment on an update—there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them.
[7]No matter where引导让步状语从句；主句中and连接了三个并列的谓语动词keep、 find和discover； who引导定语从句，修饰先行词whole new communities。
[8]However， while the Internet brings many valuable advantages， being connected has its problems. As with any great invention， we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly.[9]Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery， wonder and inspiration for everyone. It is truly a world without frontiers.
[8]while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。动词-ing形式短语being connected作主句的主语。
[9]“only＋介词短语”置于句首，句子要用部分倒装，其结构为“only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句＋情态动词/助动词/be＋主语＋其他”。正常语序为The Internet can be a place of discovery， wonder and inspiration for everyone only in this way.。
【读文清障】
①frontier n.国界，边界；尖端，边缘
②community n.社区；社会；团体；社团；界；共享；共有
a single shared community 一个共享群体
③billion num.十亿
billions of 数以亿计的；许多的；数十亿的
[联想]million num.一百万；许多；大量
millions of 数百万的
④obviously adv.显然，明显地
obvious adj.明显的
⑤get in touch/contact with 与……取得联系；和……接触
keep in touch/contact with 与……保持联系
lose touch/contact with 与……失去联系
⑥access n.机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用
accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
⑦lie in （＝consist in） 存在于；位于
⑧extent n.程度，限度；范围
to a certain extent 在一定程度上
⑨at one’s fingertips 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通（知识等），了如指掌
⑩click n.点击，单击；咔哒声 vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声；点击，单击
button n.按键；纽扣
find out 找出；发现；查明；查出
recipe n.食谱；方法，秘诀
military adj.军事的，军队的
affair n.公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情
military affairs 军事事务
bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出
bring down 降价；使倒下
majority n.大部分，大多数；多数票
the majority of ... ……的大多数；大部分；多数
goods n.商品，货品；私人财产
all sorts of goods 各种商品
commerce n.商务，商业，贸易
e-commerce （＝electronic commerce） 电子商务，电商
deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出
delivery n.传送，递送；交付；分娩
site n.网站，站点；地点；现场
food delivery apps and sites 外卖程序和网站
arrangement n.安排；布置；约定；排列
make arrangements 安排；作出安排；筹备
cash n.现金；金钱，资金
above all else 最重要的是，尤其是
[同义]especially， most of all
establish vt.建立（关系或联系）；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定
establishment n.建立；确立；机构；大型组织
software n.软件
communication software 通信软件；交流型软件
instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的
n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
instantly adv.立即；马上
comment n.议论，评论；批评，指责
vi.& vt.表达意见
comment on ...对……评论
aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的
be aware of 意识到；察觉到；知道
awareness n.知道；认识；意识
【参考译文】
互联网：无疆世界
互联网拥有将全世界的人互联成一个共享群体的能力。世界各地数十亿人已加入其中，而且显而易见，更多人会接踵而至。即便在乡村，互联网也能使人们超越自己的村庄与外界联络。在网上我们几乎什么都能做到。接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。
互联网的最大优势之一在于可以快速、方便地获取海量信息。在某种程度上，我们能随时了解全世界的知识。点一下鼠标，或者按一下按钮，就有可能找到几乎所有我们想了解的一切，从烹饪食谱到旅游套餐，从军事事务到学习资源。在图书馆找一本书的工夫，我们就可以用搜索引擎让上百万的结果出现在屏幕上。难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
互联网通过电子商务——也就是通常所说的电商——提供应有尽有的商品和服务，给我们的生活带来了难以置信的便利，通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。一家店一家店寻找那双最合适的靴子的日子一去不复返了。你们可以舒舒服服地待在客厅里轻松快捷地比较款式和价格。为什么要在寒冷的雨中绝望地等待出租车呢？如今，在出租车程序上预约一辆，既简单又快捷。在温暖的室内惬意地坐上几分钟，只待司机到达。想要度假的话，你只要坐在电脑前，就能搞定所有的行程安排。忘了带现金？不用担心，几乎所有的费用你都可以通过智能手机来支付。
最重要的是，互联网帮助我们建立并维持社交联系。有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍了。不管身在何处，我们都能与所爱之人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，发现兴趣相投的新群体。即时消息、群聊、视频通话、对更新的评论——有无数方法来分享我们的观点，或让别人知晓我们对他们的关心。
然而，尽管互联网有诸多宝贵的优势，“互联”却也有其自身的问题。就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并合理、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源，才能真正成为无疆世界。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the genre of this passage？（ ）
A.Exposition. B.Narrative writing.
C.Argumentation. D.Practical writing.
2.What can we learn from the third paragraph？（ ）
A.All the people buy their clothes on the Internet.
B.We can buy anything on the Internet.
C.The Internet makes our lives more convenient in many ways.
D.We have to go to the travel agency to arrange our travel.
3.From the perspective of the author， what is the most important advantage of the Internet？（ ）
A.Connecting people across the world to a single shared community.
B.Quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.
C.Making our lives unbelievably convenient.
D.Establishing and maintaining social ties.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards the Internet？（ ）
A.Subjective. B.Objective.
C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.
5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（ ）
A.To hope we can use the Internet wisely and properly.
B.To show the various advantages of the Internet.
C.To tell people to focus on the disadvantages of the Internet.
D.To call on us to use the Internet as frequently as we can.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）动词＋后缀-ment变名词
①arrange→arrangement 安排；布置；约定；排列
②develop→development 发展；成长；开发
③assess→assessment 评估；估价；估算
④establish→establishment 建立；创建；证实
⑤employ→employment 雇用；采用；利用
⑥improve→improvement提高；改进
⑦amuse→amusement 娱乐；娱乐活动
⑧argue→argument 争论；争吵；主张
（2）形容词＋后缀-ness变名词
①aware→awareness 意识
②careless→carelessness 粗心大意
③conscious→consciousness 知觉
④dark→darkness 黑暗
⑤eager→eagerness 渴望
⑥happy→happiness 幸福；高兴
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
作比较能更好地突出被说明对象的特征，给读者留下深刻的印象，增强说明效果。这篇课文多次运用了作比较的写作手法，描述了网络出现之前与网络出现之后生活状况的不同。
请找出课文中作比较的句子。
（1）
（2）
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；起飞；请假；脱下
【教材原句】 Soon emojis took off throughout the world.很快表情符号就风靡全球了。
【用法】
take away 拿走；减去；解除 take in 收留；吸收；欺骗；理解；包含；容纳 take out 拿出，去掉；扣除 take on 承担，从事；呈现 take up 开始从事；占据；着手处理；拿起 take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take apart 拆开 take back 退回，收回 take down 拆掉，记下
【佳句】 The new magazine has really taken off.
这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
【练透】 用take的相关短语填空
①You’d better what the man says while talking to him.
②It is said that the young man will the company.
③To be honest， I do not particularly want to a competitive sport.
【写美】 完成句子
④Three planes were standing on the runway， .
三架飞机静立在跑道上，等待起飞。
access n.机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用
【教材原句】 We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some truly life-changing advantages.
在网上我们几乎什么都能做到。接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。
【用法】
（1）access to ... 进入……的通道/入口 have/get/gain access to （doing） ... 拥有（做）……的机会/权利；可以接近/进入 give （sb） access to ... 准许（某人）使用或见到…… （2）accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 sth be accessible to sb 某物能被某人接近/使用
【佳句】 She believes that it is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A great many fallen rocks cut off the only access the destination.
②The guide told us that the island was （access） only by boat.
③Our own generation has access to （get） more nutritious food and more convenient transport than those in the past.
【写美】 同义句替换
④Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
→Medicine should not be kept where .（access）
bring up使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出，抚养，教育；呕吐
【教材原句】 In the time it takes to find one book in the library， we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results.
在图书馆找一本书的工夫，我们就可以用搜索引擎让上百万的结果出现在屏幕上。
【用法】
bring in 引进；获利；赚钱；领……进来 bring out 出版；生产；阐明；使显现 bring about 引起；导致；造成 bring back 把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复 bring down 减少；降低；使倒下；打倒；使落下 bring forward 提出；提前 bring through 使渡过（难关）
【佳句】 Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu.
单击鼠标的右键，调出一个新菜单。
Our parents brought us up to believe in our own abilities.
我们的父母教育我们要相信自己的能力。
【练透】 用bring的相关短语填空
①His carelessness his failure in the exam.
②It’s too expensive.Could you please the price a little？
③Feeling sick， the child all he had eaten.
④Next month they will a new edition of the book.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤Mencius was born in 372 BCE.His father died when he was young， by his mother.
孟子生于公元前372年。他幼年丧父，他的母亲把他抚养成人。
majority n.大部分，大多数；多数票
【教材原句】 No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
【用法】
（1）be in the/a majority 占多数 the/a majority of ... 大多数…… （2）major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vt. 主修；专门研究 major in 主修……；以……为专业 （3）minority n. 少数 be in the/a minority 占少数
【佳句】 People who can speak English are in the/a majority in this country.
在这个国家中能讲英语的人占多数。
【点津】 （1）majority作主语时，若侧重于整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
（2）the/a majority of后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；后跟不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In the nursing profession， women are the/a majority.
②The majority of the land （destroy） so far.
③The student， majoring economics at college， made a comment on the matter.
④According to the survey， .Those who break traffic regulations .
根据这次调查，大多数人遵守交通信号，违反交通规则的人只占少数。
【写美】 翻译句子
⑤大多数接受采访的人喜欢上网多于看报纸。
arrangement n.安排；布置；约定；排列
【教材原句】 When you wish to go on holiday， you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer.想要度假的话，你只要坐在电脑前，就能搞定所有的行程安排。
【用法】
（1）make arrangements for 为……作安排 come to an arrangement 达成一项协议 （2）arrange v. 排列，布置；安排，筹备 arrange sth （for sb） （为某人）安排/筹备某事 arrange to do sth 安排去做某事 arrange for sth 安排某事 arrange that ... 安排……
【佳句】 The students have made all the arrangements for the approaching examination.
学生们已经为即将到来的考试作好全部安排。
【点津】 （1）表示“安排某人做某事”不能用arrange sb to do sth，而应用arrange for sb to do sth。
（2）make arrangements （for sth/for sb to do sth） 中的arrangement常用复数形式。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything their children.
②They arranged a student to show us around their school.
③I hear that you have heard from him.Have you arranged （meet） him？
④We have made all the arrangements the conference.
【写美】 一句多译
⑤杰克将安排一辆出租车10点在公交车站接我们。
→Jack will at 10 o’clock at the bus station.（arrange）
→Jack will at 10 o’clock at the bus station.（arrangement）
instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
【教材原句】 An instant message， a group chat， a video call， a comment on an update—there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them.即时消息、群聊、视频通话、对更新的评论——有无数方法来分享我们的观点，或让别人知晓我们对他们的关心。
【用法】
（1）in an instant＝instantly adv. 立刻；马上 for an instant 一瞬间；顷刻 （2）一……就……
【佳句】 The injured were in instant need of help.那些伤员急需救助。
This software provides you instant access to your data.
这款软件能让你随时访问你的数据。
【联想】 表示“一……就……”的词汇还有：
①as soon as
②no sooner ...than ...
③on/upon doing
④scarcely/hardly/barely ...when ...
【练透】 单句语法填空
① instant he got to the station， the train left.
②He stood for instant with his hand still raised.
③ （instant） I saw him， I knew he was the man the police were looking for.
【写美】 一句多译
④一到达剧院，他就发现朋友给他的票落在家里了。
→ ， he found the ticket his friend gave him was left at home.（instant/moment/minute）
→ ， he found the ticket his friend gave him was left at home.（instantly/immediately/directly）
aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的
【教材原句】 As with any great invention， we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly.
就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并合理、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。
【用法】
（1）be aware that ... 知道/体会到…… be/become aware of 知道/意识到…… make sb aware of/that ... 使某人意识到…… as far as I’m aware＝as far as I know 据我所知 （2）awareness n. 认识，意识 raise one’s awareness about/of 提高某人对……的意识 （3）unaware adj. 不知道的，没意识到的；未察觉的 unaware of ... 不知道/没意识到……
【佳句】 It’s of great importance for you to be aware of the content—Tang poetry.
对你来说，了解唐诗的内容，是很重要的。
【练透】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Above all else， we must help the public be aware the importance of saving fresh water and become concerned about water resources.
②It is a day to raise people’s （aware） of protecting the oceans which are vital to human beings.
③ ， no one knows how to preserve these chemicals.
据我所知，没有人知道如何保存这些化学品。
【写美】 句式升级
④As she was not aware of the danger， she walked into the forest.
→ ， she walked into the forest.（形容词短语作状语）
Part Ⅱ 中频词汇特训
deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出；给……接生；生产，分娩
【教材原句】 You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.
通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。
【用法】
（1）deliver newspapers 送报纸 deliver a speech 发表演说 deliver a baby 助产；接生 be delivered of＝give birth to 分娩，生…… deliver （sth） to sb （把某物）递送给某人 （2）delivery n. 递送
【佳句】 Ms Smith was delivered of/gave birth to a healthy baby boy yesterday.
史密斯女士昨天生了一个健康的男宝宝。
【练透】 完成句子
①The man is my father.
现在发表演讲的那个人是我的父亲。
②Leaflets every household so far.
到目前为止，传单已发送到每家每户。
③His parents always had him weeding the garden， collecting the garbage and .
他的父母总是让他为花园除草、收拾垃圾以及送报纸。
comment n.议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见
【教材原句】 An instant message， a group chat， a video call， a comment on an update ...
即时消息、群聊、视频通话、对更新的评论……
【用法】
（1）make a comment/comments on/about ... 对……加以评论 make no comment 未作评论 no comment 无可奉告 （2）comment on/upon sth 对……发表评论 comment that ... 评论……
【佳句】 He commented that this novel was a masterpiece of American literature.
他评论说这部小说是美国文学中的杰作。
【练透】 单句语法填空/一句多译
①She made some helpful （comment） on my work.
②I’m not in a position to comment the matter.
③这位领导拒绝就这起事故发表评论。
→The leader refused to .（comment vi.）
→The leader refused to .（comment n.）
Part Ⅲ 重点句型解构
句型公式：have sth done结构
【教材原句】 You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.
通过外卖程序和网站，你可以让人送餐上门。
【用法】
（1）have sth done 使/让某事被做；遭遇某种（不幸的）事情；使某事完成 （2）have sb doing sth 意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让某人一直做某事”时，用于肯定句中，强调动作的持续性 （3）have sb do sth 让某人做某事（表示一次性的具体动作） （4）have sth to do 有事情要做（动词不定式作定语）
【品悟】 I was at the dentist’s last Sunday to have my teeth checked.
我上周日在牙医诊所检查了我的牙齿。
She had her audience laughing during the performance.她使观众在演出期间一直笑个不停。
【写美】 完成句子
①My bike is out of order.I’ll this afternoon.
我的自行车坏了。今天下午我会让人修理一下。
②My teacher a short passage yesterday.
昨天老师让我写一篇短文。
③The night before the procession， the two cheats .
在举行游行的前一天夜里，那两个骗子让灯整夜亮着。
④I this weekend.
本周末我有一个重要会议要参加。
句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 No matter where we are， we are able to keep in contact with loved ones， find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.
不管身在何处，我们都能与所爱之人保持联系，找到久违的朋友，发现兴趣相投的新群体。
【用法】
句中No matter where意为“不管（在）哪里，无论（在）哪里”，引导让步状语从句，相当于wherever。“no matter＋疑问词（who/what/where/when等）”引导让步状语从句时，它们可以与wh-＋ever的词互换。 （1）引导让步状语从句 （2）whatever、 whichever、 who（m）ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。 （3）no matter what、 no matter which、 no matter who（m）只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
【品悟】 The letter is written to whoever is concerned with this matter.
这封信是给任何与这件事有关的人写的。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
①You can take when you get there.
你到了那里，喜欢什么就拿什么。
② ， there is a theme park for you！
不论你喜欢哪一个，喜欢什么，总会有适合你的主题公园！
③Anything that she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
→ will not make any difference to our arrangements.
④Whoever you are， you deserve equal treatment.
→ ， you deserve equal treatment.
⑤No matter when we get into trouble， they’ll come to help us.
→ ， they’ll come to help us.
句型公式：“only＋状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery， wonder and inspiration for everyone.唯有如此，互联网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。
【用法】
（1）only放在句首修饰状语（通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等）时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为“only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋其他”。 （2）如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首，主句也不倒装。
【品悟】 Only in this way can you make progress in your English.
只有这样你的英语才能取得进步。
Only she can do it well， for she is more experienced.
只有她才能把它做好，因为她更有经验。
Only when all people in the world realize the urgency of environmental problems can human beings own a clean Earth.
只有当全世界所有人意识到环境问题的紧迫性时，人类才能拥有一个洁净的地球。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife.
只有当我们学会与大自然和谐共处时，我们才不会是野生动植物的威胁。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级/一句多译
①Only by working hard your goal.
只有通过努力工作，你才能达到你的目标。
②Only when he came here what had happened.
只有当他来到这里时，他才知道发生了什么事。
③The military conflicts between the two countries can be solved only if the leaders of the two countries sign the contract.
→
（用倒装句改写）
④总之，只有成为聪明的在线学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。
→In conclusion， only by being smart online learners .（倒装句）
→All in all， we can truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology.（强调句）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ
13 / 13Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Smartphone： a smart choice？
I was a smartphone addict①.My eyes were glued to② the little screen whenever I walked down the street， had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night.[1]The first thing I did when I woke up in the morning was reach for my phone. I always asked for Wi-Fi③ connections when I went to a new restaurant or coffee shop.A dead battery④ in my smartphone would make me feel stressed.[2]Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up⑤too much of my time， and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day. Sliding into the habit was easy， but it was difficult to quit⑥ the habit.
[1]句中I did为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词The first thing；由于前面出现了实义动词do的过去式did，所以动词不定式短语reach for my phone作表语时，省略to；when引导时间状语从句。
[2]句中and连接两个并列的由that引导的同位语从句，解释说明the uncomfortable feeling；在第二个同位语从句中，could have done是一个虚拟语气结构，表示“过去本可以做某事而实际未做”。
[3]Then the day came when I finally realized I had to make a change⑦.[4]Head down， eyes on my smartphone， I stepped into the road and a car shot past⑧ ， nearly knocking me off my feet⑨！ At that very moment， I made up my mind⑩ to spend a whole week without my smartphone.
[3]本句为间隔式定语从句。when引导定语从句，其先行词为the day，主句和从句之间被谓语动词came间隔开，为间隔式定语从句；从句中realized后为省略了连接词that的宾语从句。
[4]Head down和eyes on my smartphone为两个独立主格结构；knocking me off my feet为动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。
The first day was the hardest.I was used to checking the news and my friends’ social media updates every few minutes， but now I did not know what to do with myself.I kept reaching for my pocket， for my smartphone that was not there.[5]I felt lost and anxious， as if I had missed something of value.Very soon， time slowed down .The empty hours stretched out in front of me， and I felt disconnected from everyone and everything.
It was scary at first.Then somehow I began to feel free.The things that I had time for！[6]I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read and was soon lost in the beautiful language.I kept a journal of my feelings， thoughts and daily activities to see how much progress I was making.I went out for a run and felt more alive than I had in days.The details of the scene were revealed in front of me： the soft sunlight， a bird singing from a high tree branch， the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain.Best of all， I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes， instead of through my smartphone camera.
[5]as if引导状语从句，句中使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。 of value是“of＋抽象名词”结构。
[6]I had always wanted to read是省略了关系词 that或which 的定语从句，修饰先行词 the classic novel；and 连接主句的并列谓语 picked up 和 was lost in。
My offline relationships benefited as well.I went for a long walk with an old friend.Our wide-ranging conversation went so much deeper than brief texts ever could.With eyes no longer fixed on our phones， we had a chance to really enjoy each other’s company .I also made sure to spend more time with my parents.We went to the opera ， played badminton ， and visited museums.One night， my mother took out some family photos and we laughed about old times.[7] I brought them up to date with what was going on in my life.[8] We had never felt closer to each other.
By the end of the week， I almost did not want to turn my phone back on.Those seven days have given me a great appreciation for life beyond the screen.Real life—and real relationships—are more important to me now.[9] I cannot escape from the modern world， but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day， and I do. Life beyond smartphones is richer and more beautiful， and I am going to take advantage of it.
︱posted at 6：44 p.m.，10 May︱by Alan︱
[7]what 引导宾语从句，作date with的宾语。
[8]否定词never与比较级closer连用，表示最高级含义。
[9]本句为but和and连接的并列主从复合句。其中I spend on my smartphone every day为省略了关系词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词the amount of time。
【读文清障】
①addict n.对……入迷的人；瘾君子
addicted adj.入迷的；上瘾的
addiction n.上瘾；瘾；入迷；嗜好
②be glued to sth 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
③Wi-Fi n.无线网络
Wi-Fi connections无线网络连接
④battery n.电池
a dead battery 没电的电池
⑤take up 占据（时间或空间）；拿起；开始从事；花费（时间、空间或精力）；继续
⑥quit vt.& vi.（quit， quit； quitted， quitted）停止，戒掉；离开
quit smoking 戒烟
⑦make a change 作出改变
⑧shoot past 飞驰而过
⑨knock sb off one’s feet 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地
⑩make up one’s mind 下定决心；决定
social media 社交媒体
slow down 减速，放慢速度；使……慢下来
stretch out 拉长；躺下；伸出，舒展（身体的某一部位）
scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
scared adj.对……感到惊慌或恐惧的；害怕的
scare vt.惊吓，使害怕 vi.受惊吓
somehow adv.不知怎么地；以某种方式（或方法）
somewhat adv.有点；有几分；稍微
pick up 捡起；获得；收拾；乘载（汽车、飞机）；（偶然）学会
be lost in 全神贯注，沉浸于
be lost in thought 陷入沉思
journal n.日记；报纸，杂志
keep a journal of 用日记记下……
reveal vt.展示，显出；揭示，透露
[同义]disclose， expose
appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢
appreciation n.感激；感谢
wide-ranging adj.覆盖面广的，内容广泛的
company [熟义] n.公司；商行
[生义] n.& v.陪伴；做伴
enjoy one’s company 喜欢和某人在一起
make sure 确保，设法保证
opera n.歌剧；歌剧院
go to the opera 去看歌剧
badminton n.羽毛球运动
[联想] cricket n.板球
hockey n.曲棍球
volleyball n.排球
baseball n.棒球
basketball n.篮球
football n.足球
tennis n.网球
rugby n.橄榄球
golf ball 高尔夫球
table tennis 乒乓球
cut back on 减少，削减
take advantage of 利用
[同义] make use of
【参考译文】
智能手机：明智的选择？
我是个“智能手机控”。无论是走在大街上，还是同朋友吃饭，或者晚上躺在床上，我都目不转睛地盯着这块小小的屏幕。早晨醒来，我做的第一件事就是伸手拿手机。每当我到一家新餐厅或者咖啡厅时，我都会要求连上它们的无线网。如果手机电量耗尽，会让我感到焦虑。有时候，我有种不安的感觉，这台小机器占用了我太多的时间，我本可以做一些更有意义的事，而不是整天只盯着一个小屏幕看。陷入这种习惯很容易，戒掉它却很难。
终于我意识到自己必须作出改变的那天到来了。我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机，走到马路上，突然一辆车飞驰过来，差点把我撞倒！就在那一瞬间，我下定决心，过一周不碰手机的日子。
第一天是最艰难的。我已经习惯了隔几分钟就翻翻新闻，浏览一下朋友们社交媒体的更新情况，可是现在，我有些无所适从。我不停地把手伸进口袋，去掏那只并不在里面的手机。我感到迷惘、紧张，仿佛我丢失了什么宝贵的东西。很快，时间就慢了下来。空虚的时光在我面前拉长，我感觉和所有人、所有事都断了联系。
一开始很恐慌。然后不知怎的，我开始感受到自由。我有时间可以做些事了！我终于重拾那本我一直都想读的名著小说，很快就沉浸在它优美的语言中。我用日记记录自己的感受、思绪和日常活动，看看自己都取得了多大的进步。我出门跑步，感觉自己比前几天要更有活力。风景的细微之处展现在我的面前：阳光柔和，一只小鸟在高高的树枝上歌唱，雨后土壤散发出浓郁的泥土气息。最棒的是，我开始通过自己的双眼，而不是手机的摄像头，来欣赏生活中的美。
我的线下人际关系也受益良多。我和一位老友散了很长时间的步。我们话题广泛的交谈比简短的信息沟通要深刻得多。眼睛不再盯着手机，我们得以真正享受彼此的陪伴。我也确保留出更多的时间和父母一起度过。我们去看了歌剧，打了羽毛球，参观了博物馆。有天晚上，我妈拿出了几张家庭合影，回忆往昔，我们开怀大笑。我也让他们知悉最近我生活中发生了哪些事。我们从来没有觉得彼此这么亲近。
那周快结束时，我几乎不想再打开手机了。这七天的经历让我得以好好享受屏幕之外的生活。现在，真实的生活和真实的人际关系对我来说更为重要。我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。智能手机以外的生活更丰富也更美妙，我要善加利用。
艾伦于5月10日下午6：44发布
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph？（ ）
A.The author was addicted to his smartphone.
B.When the author woke up， he didn’t look for his smartphone.
C.When the author was in a new restaurant，he didn’t ask for Wi-Fi connections.
D.The author had been happy with his smartphone all the time.
2.What makes the writer decide to make a change？（ ）
A.That his smartphone was broken. B.That he was too busy to play smartphones.
C.That he was nearly knocked over by a car. D.That his eyes were badly hurt by playing smartphones.
3.What did Alan do in his first day of quitting the bad habit？（ ）
A.He went out for a run.
B.He went for a long walk with an old friend.
C.He laughed about old times with his mother.
D.He always wanted to find his smartphone and felt at a loss.
4.What does Paragraph 4 convey to us？（ ）
A.Quitting the smartphone is terrifying.
B.Alan preferred to read the classical novel.
C.Alan’s life changed a lot after he made a change.
D.The beauty of life can be seen everywhere.
5.What should we attach importance to according to the author？（ ）
A.The real life. B.The modern world.
C.The advantages of the smartphone. D.The amount of the screen’s time.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）动词＋-ion后缀变名词
①addict→addiction 沉溺；嗜好
②construct→construction 建筑物
③contradict→contradiction 反驳
④correct→correction 改正；纠正
⑤appreciate→appreciation 欣赏；感激；感谢
（2）“形容词/副词/名词＋动词-ing形式”构成合成形容词
①wide-ranging 覆盖面广的，内容广泛的
②easy-going 随和的
③close-fitting 紧身的
④good-looking 漂亮的
⑤far-reaching 深远的
⑥hard-wearing 耐磨的
⑦hard-working 勤劳的
⑧long-lasting 耐用的
⑨mouth-watering 令人垂涎的
⑩never-ending 没完没了的
record-breaking 创纪录的
smooth-running 运转平稳的
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
（1）自然环境描写
自然环境描写的角度与手法主要有：动静结合（以动衬静，以静衬动，起烘托作用，相得益彰）、虚实结合（“实”指现实存在的事物；“虚”指作者的想象和联想）。
请从课文中找出一个关于自然环境描写的句子。
（2）心理活动描写
心理活动描写能够直接深入人物心灵，揭示人物的内心世界，表现人物丰富而复杂的思想感情。
请从课文中找出一个关于心理活动描写的句子。
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
addict n.对……入迷的人；瘾君子
【教材原句】 I was a smartphone addict.我是个“智能手机控”。
【用法】
（1）addicted adj. 上瘾的；有瘾的；入迷的 be/become addicted to 对……上瘾 （2）addictive adj. 使人上瘾的；使人入迷的 addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好
【佳句】 Li Ming is a computer games addict， and his father has been trying to stop him from being addicted to computer games which are addictive.
李明是个电脑游戏迷，他爸爸一直试图让他戒掉让人上瘾的电脑游戏。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Your future will be at risk if you don’t stop your （addict） to the smartphone.
②I find computer games very （addict）.
③Her son was addicted smoking， which had a bad effect on his health.
【写美】 翻译句子
④沉浸于拉小提琴，他没有注意到老师走进教室。（形容词短语作状语）
quit vt.& vi.（quit， quit； quitted， quitted） 停止，戒掉；离开；迁出，搬离（住处）
【教材原句】 Sliding into the habit was easy， but it was difficult to quit the habit.
陷入这种习惯很容易，戒掉它却很难。
【用法】
（1）quit （doing） sth＝give up （doing） sth 停止（做）某事 （2）quit school 退学，辍学 quit one’s job 辞职 quit as ... 辞去……职务
【佳句】 I hope you would quit complaining and focus on what you are doing.
我希望你能停止抱怨，专注你所做的事情。
【点津】 quit后接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式作宾语。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Though the man is ill， he has not quit （smoke）.
②He has already （quit） as manager of the company.
③For people who smoke， （quit） can help decrease the risk of heart disease.
【写美】 完成句子
④A year later， the Browns .
一年后，布朗一家离开巴黎前往纽约。
appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢
【教材原句】 Best of all， I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes， instead of through my smartphone camera.
最棒的是，我开始通过自己的双眼，而不是手机的摄像头，来欣赏生活中的美。
【用法】
（1）appreciate doing ... 感激做…… appreciate sb/sb’s doing ... 感激某人做…… I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激 （2）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 in appreciation of 感谢 express one’s appreciation to sb对某人表达感激之情
【佳句】 I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.如果您能在方便时尽早回复我，我将非常感激。
【点津】 appreciate后不接动词不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟宾语从句，需先接it，再接从句。类似用法的动词还有like、 enjoy、 hate、 love、 take、 have等。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I’d appreciate if you teach me how to use the computer.
②I really appreciate your （offer） to help me， but I am sure that I can make it by myself.
③I appreciated （give） the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.
④Here I sincerely express my （appreciate） if you could help me find the lost suitcase.
【写美】 句型转换
⑤I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.
→ you could turn off the lights.（appreciate）
cut back on 减少，削减
【教材原句】 I cannot escape from the modern world， but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day， and I do.
我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。
【用法】
cut across 抄近路穿过 cut in 插嘴，打断（谈话） cut off 切断（供应），中断（电话通话等）；断绝 cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小 cut up 切碎 cut ...out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
【佳句】 Americans have cut back on spending， and not just for things like travel， entertainment， or new cars.
美国人已经开始缩减开支，不只是缩减诸如旅游、娱乐或新车。
【练透】 用cut的相关短语填空
①Don’t when others are talking.
②Tom has been asked to have the tree .
③We were in the middle of our telephone conversation.
④Please the apple into equal pieces.
【写美】 翻译句子
⑤她决定删减这个故事，使它易于理解。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】 Head down， eyes on my smartphone， I stepped into the road and a car shot past， nearly knocking me off my feet！
我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机，走到马路上，突然一辆车飞驰过来，差点把我撞倒！
【用法】
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因或伴随情况等。 常见的独立主格结构： 逻辑主语（名词/代词）＋
【品悟】 More time given， we should have done the job much better.
如果给我们更多时间，我们会把工作做得更好。
He lay on his back， his hands crossed under his head.他仰面躺着，交叉的双手枕在头下。
【写美】 用独立主格结构完成句子
① ， we went to play basketball.
下课后，我们去打篮球。
②The old woman heard that her son got injured in the accident， .
老太太听说儿子在这起事故中受了伤，她的内心充满了担忧。 （读后续写之心理描写）
③The man lay there， .
那个男人躺在那里，双手发抖。 （读后续写之人物描写）
④He was listening attentively in class， .
他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
【教材原句】 We had never felt closer to each other.我们从来没有觉得彼此这么亲近。
【用法】
否定词与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义，意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”。常用的否定词有no、 not、 never、 nothing、 nobody、 hardly等。常见结构有： （1）not/never＋比较级 ... （2） （3）can/could＋never/not＋be＋
【品悟】 “Nothing could be better，” he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好的了。”
I can not agree with your idea more， but there might be a rain tomorrow.
我完全同意你的观点，不过明天可能有雨。
【写美】 用“否定词＋比较级”结构完成句子
①—How was your recent trip to Sichuan？
—I’ve one before.
——你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？
——这是让我最为愉快的旅行了。
②It was not until then that I suddenly realized .
直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 （读后续写之主旨升华）
③Mr Smith is a great teacher — I teacher.
史密斯先生是一位伟大的老师——我真的找不到比他更好的老师了。
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ
9 / 9UNIT 3 The world online
单元话题导入
本单元以互联网与网络时代为话题。二十一世纪是网络时代，互联网给我们的生活、工作和学习带来了巨大的变化，网上购物、点餐、打车、买火车票、买飞机票等迅速普及，极大地方便了人们的生产和生活。与此同时，网络信息安全、网络霸凌、网络诈骗等侵害网民人身和财产安全的问题也暴露出来。这提醒人们在尽享网络便利的同时，也要增强防护意识，保护个人隐私和上网安全。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。
access， download， billion， click， addicted， commerce， entertainment， instant， button
1.The first email was sent in 1971 by Ray Tomlinson. It was a test message to himself. He wanted to see whether he could send a message from one computer to another by the of a mouse or the touch of a .
2.The Internet has greatly changed our lives and of people in the world may have to sending messages， uploading， or finding out almost anything they’d like to know every day.
3.Now more and more people are to doing live broadcasting， managing electronic ， having ， and enjoying their lives through live streaming. The Internet has become the backbone of global industry and modern culture.
1 / 1单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词写对
1. n.壶，瓶，罐；锅
2. n.国界，边界；尖端，边缘
3. num.十亿
4. n.程度，限度；范围
5. n.点击，单击；咔哒声
vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声；点击，单击
6. n.食谱；方法，秘诀
7. adj.军事的，军队的
8. n.商品，货品；私人财产
9. n.商务，商业，贸易
10. n.网站，站点；地点；现场
11. n.现金；金钱，资金
12. n.议论，评论；批评，指责
vi.& vt.表达意见
13. n.准则，指导方针；参考
14. vt.删去；移走；开除
15. vi.应在（某处）；能适应
16. n.芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团
17. n.设备，仪器；手段，技巧
18. n.电池
19. n.日记；报纸，杂志
20. adj.覆盖面广的，内容广泛的
Ⅰ.根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式
1.Press the b ， and you’ll be easily accessible to where you want.
2.The minister is so busy with state a that he often forgets to eat.
3.Not only he but also his parents have q the idea of fishing in such bad weather.
4.Follow the instructions below to d and install the files.
5.The report r the company made a loss of ￡20 million last year.
6.All the statistical computations were performed by the new （软件） system.
7.He was quite polite， of course， but （不知怎么地） I didn’t like his manner.
8.The twins usually play （羽毛球运动） in the afternoon on weekends.
9.The foreigner has been fond of Chinese （歌剧） since she came to China five years before.
10.He sat in a kitchen chair， reached down and pulled off his （靴子）.
二、拓展词汇用活
1. n.连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；喜剧的→comedy n.喜剧→comedian n.喜剧演员，滑稽演员
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空
1.One of the problems is that a of the graduates who in English find it difficult to find a good job.（major）
2. adv.显然，明显地→obvious adj.明显的，显然的，显而易见的
3. n.机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用→accessible adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的
4. n.大部分，大多数；多数票→major adj.主要的，重要的 v.主修，专门研究 n.主修课程
5. vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出→delivery n.传送，递送；交付
6. n.安排；布置；约定；排列→arrange vt.& vi.安排；排列；整理；布置
7. vt.建立（关系或联系）；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定→establishment n.机构，企业；建立
8. adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻→instantly adv.立即；马上；即刻
9. adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的→awareness n.意识，认识；明白，知道
10. adj.技术的；技能的；专门技术的；专业的→technique n.技术，工艺，技巧→technology n.技术；科技
11. n.百分率，百分比；提成→per cent n.百分之……
12. n.娱乐活动；招待，娱乐→entertain vt.使快乐；招待，款待→entertaining adj.有趣的，使人愉快的
13. n.对……入迷的人；瘾君子 v.使上瘾，使沉迷→addicted adj.上瘾的；有瘾的；入迷的→addictive adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的→addiction n.瘾；入迷；嗜好
14. vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢→appreciation n.欣赏；理解；感激；感谢
2.The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world， and it’s through a computer.And then we can have to what we need easily.（access）
3.It’s that the meeting will be held on 5 July， so we must make an for everything before 4 July.（arrange）
4.As far as I’m ， more and more people have an of the importance of eating a healthy diet.（aware）
5. ， there are differences between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.（obvious）
6.Though they her help， she thought that their seemed not to be enough.（appreciate）
7.The cigarette can people， so once you are to smoking cigarettes， it’s extremely difficult to fight your .（addict）
8.We are in need of help.Please tell us they arrive.（instant）
三、重点短语用准
1. 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
2. 在一定程度上
3. 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通（知识等），了如指掌
4. 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出；养育，抚养
5. 最重要的是，尤其是
6. 属于，归……所有
7. 创建，建立
8. 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
9. 飞驰而过
10. 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地
11. 全神贯注，沉浸于
12. 减少，削减
13. 数以亿计的；许多的；数十亿的
14. 与……取得联系；和……接触
15. 存在于；位于
16. 找出；发现；查明；查出
17. 转向于；求助于；翻到
18. 各种各样的
19. 意识到；觉察到；知道
20. 切断；使隔绝；剪掉；砍掉
21. 占据（时间或空间）；拿起；开始从事；花费（时间、空间或精力）；继续
22. 下定决心；决定
23. 拉长；躺下；伸出，舒展（身体的某一部位）
24. 捡起；获得；收拾；乘载（汽车、飞机）；（偶然）学会
25. 利用
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1.You can always your teachers when you come across any questions.
2.There are animals， including bears， pigs， kangaroos and penguins.
3.Her singing career after her TV appearance.
4.I’m trying to Jane.Do you have her phone number？
5.She has the information and can use it any time.
6.We can how much money is spent on food in any given period.
7. ， we are all responsible for this tragic situation.
8.The Smiths are praised for the way they their children.
9.Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future the well-educated.
10.The factory the year before is of great significance to the village’s development.
11.At first glance， Mr Winston appears to be scowling， though he could just deep thought.
12.As their dad lost his job， the children had to their living expenses.
四、经典句式写美
1.句型公式：（It is） no wonder （that） ...
教材原句： （难怪） the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
2.句型公式：with复合结构
教材原句：The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient， （提供应有尽有的商品和服务） by electronic commerce， more commonly known as e-commerce.
3.句型公式：have sth done结构
教材原句：You can （让人送餐上门） to you using food delivery apps and sites.
4.句型公式：there is no need to do ...
教材原句： （不用担心）—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.
5.句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
教材原句： （不管我们身在何处）， we are able to keep in contact with loved ones， find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.
6.句型公式：“only＋状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装
教材原句： （唯有如此，互联网才能成为） a place of discovery， wonder and inspiration for everyone.
7.句型公式：独立主格结构
教材原句： （我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机）， I stepped into the road and a car shot past， nearly knocking me off my feet！
8.句型公式：what引导宾语从句
教材原句：I brought them up to date with （我生活中发生了哪些事）.
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1.有这么多引人入胜的东西，难怪哪里有迪士尼乐园，哪里的旅游业就会增长。
2.随着期末考试的临近，你的父母可能不会允许你花费太多时间上网。
3.不幸的是，在上次运动会上他把腿摔断了。
4.在你参加考试之前，没必要担心考试的结果。
5.即使在今天，无论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交流。
6.只有这样我们才能拥有一个美好的未来。
7.（如果）时间允许，我们会帮他们打扫一下。
8.他正在想接下来应该说什么。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
夯实素材储备·注重续写体验
情感描写 ①aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 ②scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
动作描写 ①remove vt.删除；移走；开除 ②shoot past飞驰而过 ③knock sb off one’s feet撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 ④appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢 ⑤instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻→instantly adv.立即，立刻，马上
环境描写 opera n.歌剧；歌剧院
一、连词成句
根据教材语料中所给词汇及汉语提示翻译下列句子。
1.一天，简去歌剧院看她最喜欢的喜剧，既快乐又轻松。（情感描写；形容词短语作状语）
2.突然，一个震耳欲聋的声音从后面传到了她的耳朵里。（动词-ing形式作定语）
3.她看到一辆车撞倒了一位老人。（场景描写）
4.好可怕啊！（情感描写；感叹句）
5.她不知所措。（心理描写；介词短语）
6.她意识到她不应该移动老人，而是要立即拨打120。（心理描写；宾语从句）
7.在她的及时帮助下，老人得救了。（被动语态；介词短语）
8.虽然她错过了她最喜欢的喜剧，但她感到更开心了。（情感描写；让步状语从句）
二、连句成文
用适当的过渡词将上面的句子合并成一个小语段。
6 / 6学习讲义部分
UNIT 1 Nature in the balance
【单元话题导入】
1.continents； global 2.damaged； habitats； disappeared； species 3.greenhouse； recycle
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.significant 2.balance 3.is home to 4.levels 5.1，300
6.situation 7.has disappeared 8.extinction
第二步
1－6 DBBCCD
第三步
1.disappear， disagree， disadvantage， dishonest， disabled， dissatisfied ...； unbelievable， unlimited， unhappy， unknown， unusual， unreal ...； irreplaceable， invisible， incorrect， imbalance， illegal， irregular ...； non-smoking， non-stop， non-existent， non-profit， non-fiction ...
2.（1）As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer， we are left with a question： can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？
（2）With an area of around 6 million square kilometres， the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.； Thus， it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①living ②harmful ③which does/causes great harm to their health； doing/causing great harm to their health
2.①from ②various ③variety ④a variety of/varieties of
3.①to look ②by ③to drive ④in ⑤When it is in my turn， I am too excited to speak.
4.①broke down ②break in ③broke out ④break away from ⑤You will break down sooner or later if you go on working like that.
5.①to ②to make ③due to the horrible weather
④The bus was due to arrive at 5 p.m.， but it arrived one hour late due to the heavy fog.
6.①is doing/causing damage to our children ②had their houses damaged ③Don’t damage your health
④He won’t do anything that may damage her reputation.
Part Ⅱ
1.①five times the width of ②four times longer than
③three times as big as the previous one ④double/twice what it was three years ago ⑤twice as big as； twice the size of
2.①with which he often takes photos ②without which we would have lost our way ③half of which were written by Bing Xin ④the youngest of whom is very clever ⑤from which I have a good knowledge of ⑥the aim of which is to raise our awareness ⑦most of whom are businessmen
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）1 主要动词 （2）2、3 to （3）4 主语 be动词
状语 （4）5 谓语 （5）6、7 主语
即时演练1
①to go to bed early ②but wait ③she refused to
④If so
即时演练2
①it is ②Is there ③Do you ④study ⑤I ran
⑥the cases； the cases
即时演练3
①his mother was （at home） ②Jimmy （won） the second （race） ③but he didn’t （come to school to see me）
④his friend doesn’t （have a knowledge of first aid）
即时演练4
①If so ②so mild as in Guangzhou ③while burning
④Though tired ⑤you’ve been looking for ⑥she had finished her homework
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①come up with ②came up ③come across ④come out
⑤come about ⑥When it comes to repairing a computer
2.①calling for ②called up ③called off ④call on/upon ⑤called in ⑥calls for immediate action
3.①applications ②himself ③to
④to apply for the position of a local tour guide
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.protect the wild animals 2.damage 3.living habitats
4.take measures 5.protect ...from ... 6.cut down
7.stop ...from doing ... 8.wildlife reserves 9.set up 10.raise the awareness of
遣词造句
1.Animals are our friends and they are very important to our world.
2.I’m writing this letter to give some suggestions to protect the wild animals around us.
3.With the rapid development of the cities， human activities have damaged some animals’ living habitats.
4.In addition， some wild animals have died because the climate is terrible.
5.It is time for us to take some measures to protect the animals.
6.More laws must be made to stop people from hunting animals.
7.More wildlife reserves should be set up so that they can live safely.
8.Citizens should raise their awareness of protecting wild animals.
第三步
1.Animals are our friends， which are very important to our world.
2.With the rapid development of the cities， it is human activities that have damaged some animals’ living habitats.
3.In addition， some wild animals have died due to the terrible climate.
4.It is time that we took/should take some measures to protect the animals.
第四步
Dear Sir or Madam，
Animals are our friends， which are very important to our world.I’m writing this letter to give some suggestions to protect the wild animals around us.
With the rapid development of the cities， it is human activities that have damaged some animals’ living habitats.In addition， some wild animals have died due to the terrible climate.It is time that we took/should take some measures to protect the animals.To begin with， more laws must be made to stop people from hunting animals.What’s more， more wildlife reserves should be set up so that they can live safely.Last but not least， citizens should raise their awareness of protecting wild animals.
I hope my suggestions are helpful.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
即时演练
A Report on Tigers
Famous as being strong and fierce， the tiger is often called the “king of the jungle”.Despite being big and strong， they are in danger as hunters hunt them for their fur， bones or other parts of their bodies.Moreover， they’re losing living areas because people are cutting down too many trees.
Luckily， people have come to realise the important role of wildlife in the balance of nature and started to take action.As students we should also do what we can to prevent tigers from dying out.Otherwise， there may be none left in the world.
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.pollution 2.costs 3.fresh 4.different 5.for
6.measures 7.benefits 8.quality 9.government
10.recycle
第二步
1－6 BCCDDA
第三步
2.（1）When I first moved here， the air was fresh， the grass green and the water clear.Then heavy industry factories moved in， and things became entirely different.I don’t enjoy outdoor activities any more.The river is dirty and smelly.The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey ...
（2）It’s our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development.It’s our duty to leave a better， cleaner and healthier planet to our children.It’s our duty to build a human community with a shared future.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①ourselves ②of ③couldn’t get rid of him
2.①against ②myself ③defence ④in
⑤defend the road from being washed away by the sea
3.①consequent ②consequently
③in consequence of/as a consequence of/as a result of
4.①giving thought to ②give advice to ③give rise to
④gave rise to/led to/brought about
Part Ⅱ
1.①Then came the news that ②there lived a man
③in rushed a little dog ④lies our library， which is between the garden and the teaching building
2.①with the windows open ②With the books he needed bought ③with many flowers around it ④With so many essays to write ⑤With the exam approaching
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.continent 2.species 3.beneath 4.mass
5.towering 6.living 7.insect 8.carbon 9.damage 10.global 11.medal 12.process 13.branch
14.former 15.further
Ⅰ.1.committee 2.Frogs 3.track 4.drought 5.survived
6.wildlife 7.recycling 8.impacted 9.oxygen
10.protest
二、1.harm 2.ecosystem 3.region 4.length
5.biodiversity 6.variety 7.survive 8.nutrient
9.disappear 10.agriculture 11.extinction
12.application 13.organization 14.absolutely
15.entirely 16.profit 17.defence 18.economic
19.strategy 20.official 21.poverty 22.poison
23.chemical 24.consequence
Ⅱ.1.survival； survive； survivors； surviving 2.long； length
3.agricultural； agriculture 4.entire； entirely
5.defence； defend 6.poisoned； poisonous 7.chemist； chemistry； chemical 8.variety； various 9.organizers； organization 10.harmful； harm
三、1.in turn 2.break down 3.breathe life into 4.due to
5.build up 6.come up with 7.call for 8.spring to mind
9.get rid of 10.give rise to 11.a variety of ... 12.（be） alive with ... 13.be home to ... 14.take in 15.in length 16.a sea of 17.do harm to 18.tend to do sth 19.in defence of 20.point out 21.be concerned about 22.take measures 23.draw one’s attention
Ⅲ.1.in turn 2.breathe life into 3.a sea of 4.A variety of
5.spring to mind 6.break down 7.is alive with
8.due to 9.build up 10.give rise to 11.come up with
四、1.all on the South American continent
2.is more than half the size of China
3.from which the rainforest gets its name
4.While a significant number of jaguars survive here
5.Over the past 50 years， about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared
6.Joining us in the studio tonight are
7.We’ve been taking various measures
8.With pollution levels on the rise
Ⅳ.1.He rushed into the classroom， a book in his hand.
2.This road is six times the length of that one.
3.Our hometown is beautiful， of which I’m greatly proud.
4.While he is in bad health， he works hard.
5.In the last three years， our hometown has changed a lot.
6.Gone are the days when we got together there happily.
7.We have been looking forward to our summer vacation.
8.With no one to turn to in such a frightening situation， she felt very helpless.
夯实素材储备
一、1.My friend Mac and I were walking in the jungle full of hardwoods when we saw a jaguar walking towards us.
2.I was almost frightened to death.
3.“Who will come to defend us？” I asked.
4.After a while， a good idea sprang to Mac’s mind.
5.He took out some biscuits and nuts from his bag， tore the packages， and threw them away in all directions.
6.As a consequence， the jaguar didn’t chase after us.In turn， he walked towards the food.
7.We followed the hunter’s tracks， walking out of the forest.
8.I learned a lesson from this experience that when facing danger we should be calm and brave.
二、
My friend Mac and I were walking in the jungle full of hardwoods when we saw a jaguar walking towards us.I was almost frightened to death.“Who will come to defend us？” I asked.After a while， a good idea sprang to Mac’s mind.He took out some biscuits and nuts from his bag， tore the packages， and threw them away in all directions.As a consequence， the jaguar didn’t chase after us.In turn， he walked towards the food.We followed the hunter’s tracks， walking out of the forest.I learned a lesson from this experience that when facing danger we should be calm and brave.
UNIT 2 Natural disasters
【单元话题导入】
1.hurricanes； floods 2.disaster； rescue； injured； donated 3.occur； relief
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.escaped 2.quick and correct 3.Miss Brown’s 4.twice 5.around 100 6.the signs 7.a safety officer 8.cleared of
第二步
1－5 CBADB
第三步
1.（1）①There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground， but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.（名词）
②The beach was rapidly cleared of people， just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.（动词）
（2）①On 17 March， 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the county at 2：27 p.m.（动词）
②The moment the shaking stopped， Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.（名词）
③A 10-year-old girl， Sabrina Andron， helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis.（动词）
2.（1）“The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer，” she later explained.
（2）People were walking， running or simply sitting on the sandy beach， enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①injury ②to ③injured ④was injured ⑤Injured badly
2.①with ②reaction ③against ④he will react to your suggestion； his reaction to your suggestion will be
3.①to bring
②signal that someone was moving about upstairs
4.①in ②confirmation ③confirmed my determination
④It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.
5.①to ②occurred ③to ask
④It occurred to/struck/hit her that
6.①relief ②was relieved ③To our great relief
④sigh with relief/breathe a sigh of relief
⑤which made him relieved
7.①informed ②information ③that
④to inform you of the good news
Part Ⅱ
1.①was walking on the street when ②had hardly fallen asleep when ③was about to set out when； was on the point of setting out when
2.①in case it rains ②In case you should need any help
③as is often the case ④In case of
⑤In no case should we
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）1、3、4 （2）2、5
即时演练1
①the first one to come every day ②house to live in
③something important to say ④to go to college
⑤to cope with this matter
即时演练2
①leaving the project unfinished ②old enough to travel ③too young to tell right from wrong
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①a ②shocking ③was shocked ④Shocked
⑤which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked； What shocked Elli and me was that
2.①scared ②to ③to go ④off/away
⑤Scared of a snake
3.①to ②powerful ③in ④I’ll do everything in my power to prepare
4.①run out ②His strength gave out ③I need your help， for I have run out of/used up petrol.
5.①of ②supplies ③in ④to ⑤supplied us with some food/supplied some food to us； provided us with some food/provided some food for us
6.①donation ②donor ③to donate money to； to make a donation of money to
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第一步
1.Mary， Mum，Dad 2.rainy 3.In their house/In their living room 4.were caught in a 5.has been raining
6.has been flooded 7.survive
第二步
1.①three ②roared ③leaving the house
④has been flooded ⑤the dinner table ⑥hugged
2.①scared ②worried ③calm
第三步
1.stay at home
2.（1）①downstairs ②their important documents and disaster supplies
（2）①on the radio ②comfort ③hugged
第四步
After a brief discussion， Mum and Dad decided they should stay in the house.They thought it would be really dangerous to try to walk through the water to get to higher ground.
“Mary， we’ll have to go upstairs and wait there，” said Mum.
“OK， Mum.If that’s what you think is best，” Mary replied uncertainly.
So they went upstairs and waited.Downstairs， water started flooding into the living room and kitchen.All three of them were nervous， but at least they had enough supplies， including food and drinking water.
Finally， the rain stopped， but Mary and her family could not leave while the house was still flooded.They listened to the radio and learnt that rescue workers in boats were coming to rescue people who were trapped in their homes.They waited for a boat to arrive at their house.Their home had been badly damaged， but they were all happy to be alive.
即时演练
Halfway through the day， my friend and I couldn’t feel our toes.The icy wind started howling， cutting my face like a sharp knife.We sat down on the ground in Times Square， took off each other’s shoes， and shoved in some hand-warmers.We ate cheese sticks covered in turkey， jumped up and down， and did pretty much anything we could think of to stay warm.The temperature kept dropping， but our spirits never did， at least not enough to make us actually want to leave.We joked and laughed， waiting for the magic moment.
“Three， two， one.Happy New Year！” we screamed the words as loud as possible.The clock struck midnight！ Before we knew it， performers were singing， and we were singing along excitedly.With the crowd cheering in a loud collective voice， we finally understood what it felt like to be present at the celebration in person， in such a state of joy， with tens of thousands of people from all over the world.Lily leaned on my shoulder with happiness on her face.Whatever exhaustion and cold we’d previously felt was forgotten， and we knew we had done something amazing together.
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①否则，不然 ②除此以外 ③wouldn’t have managed ④Seize the chance， otherwise you will regret it.
2.①curiously ②curiosity ③to know ④Curious about everything ⑤Out of curiosity
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Roman 2.golden 3.fishermen 4.Vesuvius 5.a huge tree 6.hurriedly and blindly 7.the earthquake
8.unearthed 9.painted 10.the workman’s hand
第二步
1－5 BBACD
第三步
2.（1）In its little shops， its tiny palaces， its forum， its wine bars， its theatre—in the energy and skill of its people， you saw a model of the whole Roman Empire.
（2）The crowd looked upwards， and saw， with unspeakable fear， a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano.It took the form of a huge tree：the trunk， blackness， the branches， fire！
（3）A moment later， the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them， dark and rapid， like a river ...
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①beyond my reach/beyond the reach of me ②beyond my power ③beyond description/expression ④beyond her comprehension ⑤The situation is beyond our control.
2.①at ②at/from ③distantly ④distant
⑤In the distance
3.①rescuers ②were rescued ③rescued
④came to our rescue
4.①急剧的 ②灵敏的 ③sharpening/to be sharpened
④sharply ⑤It was very sharp of
Part Ⅱ
1.①form good learning habits ②fill in the application form
③in the form of money ④take the form of
⑤taking form
2.①is located ②location ③located/situated in the suburb of our city； which lies in the suburb of our city
Part Ⅲ
1.①If you do as I say ②as they walked along the river
③As I don’t know the meaning of the word ④Young as he is ⑤Tired as they were ⑥With time going by
2.①is to have a major effect ②All of us are to meet ③are to have reported ④are to be there ⑤You are to succeed
3.①When asked where she was from ②as if badly hurt
③If accepted， I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors， which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.crash 2.exit 3.roll 4.confirm 5.procedure
6.odd 7.typhoon 8.destructive 9.hurricane
10.conference 11.supply 12.charity 13.staff
14.slide 15.fund 16.document 17.honey 18.unearth
19.import 20.export 21.cloud-capped 22.trunk
Ⅰ.1.flooded 2.occurred 3.stairs 4.retire 5.signals 6.hugged 7.destination 8.pole 9.port 10.volcanos 11.disaster 12.informed 13.rescued 14.otherwise 15.downstairs
二、1.injure 2.reaction 3.orderly 4.relief 5.shock
6.scare 7.power 8.donate 9.curious 10.erupt
11.unbearable 12.distance 13.sharp 14.locate
Ⅱ.1.reacted； reaction 2.injured； injury 3.scary； scared 4.curious； curiously； curiosity 5.shocked； shocking； shocked 6.power； powerful； powerless 7.sharp； sharpens； sharpener 8.distance； distant
三、1.at large 2.roll call 3.safe and sound 4.occur to
5.keep one’s head 6.run out of 7.take the form of
8.break out 9.far and wide 10.hold on to 11.to one’s great relief 12.crash into 13.a series of 14.be cleared of 15.blow away 16.in the distance 17.in detail
18.be separated from
Ⅲ.1.safe and sound 2.run out of 3.occurred to 4.at large 5.To my great relief 6.keep your head 7.held on to 8.far and wide 9.in the distance 10.broke out
四、1.was teaching when
2.in case it became damaged
3.The moment the shaking stopped
4.laughing， crying and hugging each other
5.It immediately occurred to her that
6.bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas
7.might have warned
8.a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano
9.came the earthquake； ended life
10.as if painted yesterday
Ⅳ.1.I was watching the football match when she came in.
2.Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
3.The moment he heard the news， he told me about it at once.
4.We often provide our children with toys， basketballs or footballs， thinking that all children like these things.
5.Just as I was leaving the house， it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.
6.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
7.Joan finished reading the book last night and Bob might have done so.
8.After opening the door， I see the children playing games.
9.Now comes your turn to make a self-introduction.
10.He stood still as if rooted to the ground.
夯实素材储备
一、1.The day was like any other day on the beach.
2.Tourists were running， playing volleyball or sitting on the sandy beach.
3.A little girl noticed something odd.
4.She felt curious and asked her parents about that.
5.Her parents immediately realized that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
6.They were scared but soon it occurred to them that they should keep their head and inform the safety officers immediately.
7.To their relief， with the aid of the safety officers，all the people were fortunate enough to shelter from the disaster.
二、
The day was like any other day on the beach.Tourists were running，playing volleyball or sitting on the sandy beach.Suddenly，a little girl noticed something odd.She felt curious and asked her parents about that.Her parents immediately realized that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.They were scared but soon it occurred to them that they should keep their head and inform the safety officers immediately.To their relief， with the aid of the safety officers， all the people were fortunate enough to shelter from the disaster.
UNIT 3 The world online
【单元话题导入】
1.click； button 2.billions； access； instant； downloading 3.addicted； commerce； entertainment
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.connect 2.huge 3.delivered 4.shopping 5.app
6.arrangements 7.smartphone 8.contact 9.long-lost 10.responsibly
第二步
1－5 CCDBA
第三步
2.（1）Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect pair of boots—you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room.
（2）Why wait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain？It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app.Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①take down ②take over ③take up ④waiting to take off
2.①to ②accessible ③getting ④children have/get/gain access to it
3.①brought about ②bring down ③brought up
④bring out ⑤and he was brought up
4.①in ②has been destroyed ③in ④the majority of people observe traffic signals； are only in the/a minority ⑤The/A majority of people interviewed prefer surfing the Internet to reading newspapers.
5.①for ②for ③to meet ④for ⑤arrange for a taxi to pick us up； make arrangements for a taxi to pick us up
6.①The ②an ③Instantly ④The instant/moment/minute he arrived at the theater； Instantly/Immediately/Directly he arrived at the theater
7.①of ②awareness ③As far as I’m aware/As far as I know ④Unaware of the danger
Part Ⅱ
1.①who is delivering a speech now ②have been delivered to
③delivering newspapers
2.①comments ②on/upon ③comment on/upon this accident； make a comment/comments on/about this accident
Part Ⅲ
1.①have it repaired ②had me write ③had their lights burning all night long ④have an important meeting to attend
2.①whatever you like ②Whichever and whatever you like ③Whatever she says ④No matter who you are
⑤Whenever we get into trouble
3.①can you achieve ②did he know ③Only if the leaders of the two countries sign the contract can the military conflicts between the two countries be solved. ④can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology； it is only by being smart online learners that
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）1、6 （2）2、4 （3）3、5 （4）前面 后面 （5）2 4
即时演练1
①smoking ②sleeping ③being built ④facing the lake
⑤working in this university ⑥which dates back to the early Tang Dynasty
即时演练2
①enabling me to strengthen my body ②Having come to a decision ③It being a wet day ④Not knowing how to do it ⑤Going straight down the road
即时演练3
①knocking ②running ③falling ④were kept waiting ⑤was observed rising from the sea
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①me ②belonging ③The vase belonging to my uncle is a precious cultural relic.
2.①set down ②set off ③set up ④set aside ⑤set back
⑥set out to do her homework； set about doing her homework
3.①are requested not to smoke ②no one be told of her decision until the next meeting ③It is requested that
④made a request that
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.netizen 2.surf the Internet 3.in the/a majority
4.chat with 5.download some music 6.give up
7.obviously 8.focus one’s attention on/upon
遣词造句
1.According to the survey， nearly one third of the netizens are students and they surf the Internet for various reasons.
2.The students who surf the Internet at home are in the majority.
3.About 80% of the students surf the Internet at home and only about 12% of the students in their friends’ and relatives’ houses.
4.Most of them use the Internet to play games， chat with their friends， download some music， buy their favourite goods， and so on.
5.Obviously， the majority of the students give up the Internet because of their homework.
6.The students shouldn’t spend too much time on the Internet.
7.They should focus their attention on their lessons.
第三步
1.According to the survey， nearly one third of the netizens are students， who surf the Internet for various reasons.
2.The students surfing the Internet at home are in the majority.
3.It is obvious that the majority of the students give up the Internet because of their homework.
4.The students shouldn’t spend too much time on the Internet， but focus their attention on their lessons.
第四步
My team made a survey about how the students use the Internet last week.
According to the survey， nearly one third of the netizens are students， who surf the Internet for various reasons.The students surfing the Internet at home are in the majority.In other words， about 80% of the students surf the Internet at home and only about 12% of the students in their friends’ and relatives’ houses.Most of them use the Internet to play games， chat with their friends， download some music， buy their favourite goods， and so on.It is obvious that the majority of the students give up the Internet because of their homework.
As far as I’m aware， the students shouldn’t spend too much time on the Internet， but focus their attention on their lessons.
即时演练
Dear David，
How are things going with you？ I am glad to have received your email， which is about how to use the Internet to learn English.
To begin with， I often watch English movies and videos online， whose plots and images are so appealing.Sometimes I read English news and other articles， which can really broaden my horizons.In addition， I make use of various language learning websites and apps to improve my English.Personally， I believe the Internet provides us with a vast amount of resources and materials that cater to people of different interests， which makes the learning process more enjoyable and effective.I suggest that we should make good use of the Internet， but we should also limit the online time.
Hope that my experience and advice will be of some help to your learning Chinese.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.addict 2.the week 3.disconnected 4.appreciate
5.benefited 6.richer and more beautiful
第二步
1－5 ACDCA
第三步
2.（1）The details of the scene were revealed in front of me： the soft sunlight， a bird singing from a high tree branch， the rich and earthy smell of the soil after the rain.
（2）I felt lost and anxious， as if I had missed something of value.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①addiction ②addictive ③to ④Addicted to playing the violin， he didn’t notice the teacher walk into the classroom.
2.①smoking ②quitted/quit ③quitting ④quitted Paris for New York
3.①it ②offering ③having been given ④appreciation ⑤I would appreciate it if
4.①cut in ②cut down ③cut off ④cut up
⑤She decided to cut down the story to make it easy to understand.
Part Ⅱ
1.①Our lessons over ②her heart full of worry
③his hands trembling ④his eyes fixed on the blackboard
2.①never had a more pleasant ②nobody was happier than I was ③really couldn’t find a better
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.pot 2.frontier 3.billion 4.extent 5.click
6.recipe 7.military 8.goods 9.commerce 10.site 11.cash 12.comment 13.guideline 14.remove
15.belong 16.ballet 17.device 18.battery 19.journal
20.wide-ranging
Ⅰ.1.button 2.affairs 3.quitted/quit 4.download
5.reveals 6.software 7.somehow 8.badminton
9.opera 10.boots
二、1.comic 2.obviously 3.access 4.majority 5.deliver
6.arrangement 7.establish 8.instant 9.aware
10.technical 11.percentage 12.entertainment
13.addict 14.appreciate
Ⅱ.1.major； majority； major 2.accessible； access
3.arranged； arrangement 4.aware； awareness
5.Obviously； obvious 6.appreciated； appreciation
7.addictive； addict； addicted； addiction
8.instant； instantly
三、1.take off 2.to a certain extent 3.at one’s fingertips 4.bring up 5.above all else 6.belong to 7.set up
8.be glued to sth 9.shoot past 10.knock sb off one’s feet 11.be lost in 12.cut back on 13.billions of
14.get in touch with 15.lie in 16.find out 17.turn to 18.all sorts of 19.be aware of 20.cut off 21.take up 22.make up one’s mind 23.stretch out 24.pick up
25.take advantage of
Ⅲ.1.turn to 2.all sorts of 3.took off 4.get in touch with
5.at her fingertips 6.find out 7.To a certain extent
8.bring up 9.belongs to 10.set up 11.be lost in
12.cut back on
四、1.No wonder
2.with all sorts of goods and services provided
3.have food delivered
4.There is no need to worry
5.No matter where we are
6.Only in this way can the Internet be
7.Head down， eyes on my smartphone
8.what was going on in my life
Ⅳ.1.With all these attractions， no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
2.With the final exam drawing near， your parents will not probably allow you to spend too much time on the Internet.
3.Unfortunately， he had his leg broken in the last sports meeting.
4.There is no need to worry about the result of a test before you take it.
5.Even today， no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still communicate in writing.
6.Only in this way can we have a bright future.
7.Time permitting， we are going to help them do some cleaning.
8.He is thinking about what he should say next.
夯实素材储备
一、1.One day， Jane went to the opera to watch her favourite comedy， happy and relaxed.
2.Suddenly， a deafening sound reached her ears from behind.
3.She saw a car knock an old man off his feet.
4.How scary it was！
5.She was at a loss.
6.She was aware that she shouldn’t move him but call 120 instantly.
7.With her immediate help， the old man was saved.
8.Though she missed her favourite comedy， she felt much happier.
二、
One day， Jane went to the opera to watch her favourite comedy，happy and relaxed.Suddenly，a deafening sound reached her ears from behind.She saw a car knock an old man off his feet.How scary it was！ Somehow， she was at a loss.After a while，she was aware that she shouldn’t move him but call 120 instantly.Fortunately， with her immediate help， the old man was saved.Though she missed her favourite comedy， she felt much happier.
UNIT 4 Scientists who changed the world
【单元话题导入】
1.scientist； Republic； contribution 2.physicist； awarded
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.her discovery of qinghaosu 2.acquired a broad knowledge of 3.solved a lot of problems 4.paid off
第二步
1－5 BABCD
第三步
1.wisdom， freedom； effectiveness， usefulness， kindness， loneliness， happiness； survival， arrival， approval， proposal， refusal， removal； appearance， acceptance， performance， assistance； failure， pleasure， exposure， closure； shortage， marriage， passage， percentage
2.（1）2，000； hundreds of； 1，600-year-old
（2）the first female； one of the deadliest diseases
（3）190 failures； day and night； began to suffer； never gave up
（4）Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①from ②by ③on ④survivor ⑤Having survived that night
2.①was intended ②to see ③to improve ④intention
⑤had intended to go to Australia
3.①提到，谈及 ②查阅，参考 ③reference ④to
⑤in/with ⑥as ⑦refer to the book
4.①are limited ②to ③a ④limited ⑤be limited within 800 words
5.①at ②of ③Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.
6.①paid back ②pay a visit to ③pay for ④Their efforts paid off in the end.
7.①for ②from/by ③It is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health.； It is said that yoga is very beneficial to human health.
Part Ⅱ
1.①on trial ②stand/go on trial ③through trial and error
2.①himself ②container ③containing ④contains
⑤contains； include
Part Ⅲ
1.①the first country to land a spacecraft on ②the ability to do the challenging work well ③the only way to learn a language well ④The last person to arrive at
2.①Surprised and happy ②tired and hungry ③Seriously injured ④Born into a poor family
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）1 7 前置 后置 （2）2 4 状语 （3）宾语补足语
即时演练1
①discussed ②fallen ③being sold ④founded
⑤built by the Norman rulers in Windsor
即时演练2
①Faced with difficulties ②Deeply moved by the movie ③Surrounded by the cold sea water ④lost in thought
即时演练3
①kept her hands folded ②found himself covered
③heard him spoken ④make himself understood
⑤With his homework finished
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①with ②surrounding ③surroundings ④surround the lake； Surrounded by green trees； With green trees surrounding the lake
2.①a ②favorable ③in ④of ⑤is in our favour
3.①stealing ②for ③in ④in charge of
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.take place 2.protect the environment 3.in addition
4.be intended to do ... 5.conduct an experiment 6.be/get interested in 7.at the end of 8.learn ...from ...
遣词造句
1.The Science Festival will take place in our school hall next Saturday and its theme is “How to Protect the Environment”.
2.There will be some famous scientists attending the festival and they will introduce some knowledge about protecting the environment.
3.Each class has the chance to conduct an experiment and the students will learn a lot from it.
4.At the end of the festival，the first prize will be announced.
5.The Science Festival will inspire more students to get interested in science and work hard at it.
第三步
1.The Science Festival，whose theme is “How to Protect the Environment”， will take place in our school hall next Saturday.
2.There will be some famous scientists attending the festival， who will introduce some knowledge about protecting the environment.
3.Each class has the chance to conduct an experiment， from which the students will learn a lot.
第四步
Plan for the School Science Festival
The Science Festival， whose theme is “How to Protect the Environment”， will take place in our school hall next Saturday.
There will be some famous scientists attending the festival， who will introduce some knowledge about protecting the environment.In addition，they will show some interesting experiments.Each class has the chance to conduct an experiment， from which the students will learn a lot.At the end of the festival， the first prize will be announced.
The Science Festival will inspire more students to get interested in science and work hard at it.
即时演练
Exhibition Themed “Everyone Is
a Scientist” Successfully Held
In order to develop students’ interest in science and technology， an exhibition themed “Everyone Is a Scientist” was successfully held at the school hall last Friday.
At 9 a.m.， the exhibition started with a speech delivered by our headmaster.About a hundred inventions created by students were on display， some of which could be operated according to the instructions attached to them.
All the students thought it very meaningful to hold the exhibition as it has greatly inspired students’ creativity.
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.make good things 2.at risk 3.enables 4.intellectual 5.doubt 6.value 7.welcomed 8.duty
第二步
1－5 ACBAA
第三步
2.In order to progress， we must not forget the importance of this struggle； we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt.Permit us to question—to doubt—to not be sure.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①in ②answering ③involved ④involved ⑤Involved in volunteer work
2.①on ②with ③to ④Much to his credit
3.①off ②down ③out ④let alone relax
4.①permits ②to carry ③parking
④Time permitting， I may go hiking with my friends.
⑤Parking cars isn’t permitted in front of the shops.
5.①on ②for ③to be ④He declares that
6.①put off ②put out ③put up ④put it forward three minutes
Part Ⅱ
1.①ignorant ②ignore ③was ignorant of/about； was in ignorance of
2.①for ②responsibilities ③to be a responsible person
Part Ⅲ
1.①the way （in which/that） he solved the problem ②The way （that/which） you thought of ③that/which came up at the meeting ④the way he carried out
2.①what was going on ②What we can do ③whether we admit students into our club or not ④what he should do
3.①think it no use discussing ②depend/rely on it that
③take it for granted that ④consider it any good
⑤it pleasant to work
⑥makes it easy for you to adjust to the new life in Beijing
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.republic 2.broad 3.trial 4.conduct 5.politician 6.theory 7.thunderstorm 8.metal 9.standout
10.bomb 11.credit 12.negate 13.authority
14.marriage
Ⅰ.1.accidents 2.Province 3.household 4.data
5.errors 6.postpone 7.experiments 8.charged
9.moral 10.published
二、1.deadly 2.survival 3.intend 4.limited 5.container
6.sufficient 7.wisdom 8.beneficial 9.illustrate
10.surround 11.indicate 12.intelligent 13.favour
14.electricity 15.scientific 16.apply 17.ignorance 18.freedom 19.permit 20.responsibility 21.declare 22.nationality
Ⅱ.1.intention； intend； intended 2.survived； survivor
3.limited； limit 4.benefit； beneficial； benefited
5.permit； permit； permission 6.responsible； responsibility
7.nation； national； nationality 8.declared； declaration
9.ignorance； ignore 10.applicants； apply； applications
11.favour； favourable 12.container； contains
三、1.refer to 2.give up 3.large amounts of 4.be likely to
5.speed up 6.pay off 7.through trial and error
8.draw on 9.by accident 10.far from 11.be known for
12.go through 13.make a contribution to 14.with a bang 15.devote oneself to 16.let sb down 17.as to 18.take it for granted 19.put forward
Ⅲ.1.Speed up 2.refer to 3.as to 4.put forward 5.by accident 6.with a bang 7.take it for granted 8.through trial and error 9.draw on 10.give up 11.make a contribution to
四、1.the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize
2.Born in 1930， in Ningbo， Zhejiang Province
3.it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials
4.drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine
5.it was not until the 1970s that
6.The first way in which
7.what the result is going to be
8.take it for granted that
Ⅳ.1.In 1973， he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
2.She was silent for a while， lost in thought.
3.It is important to form the habit of going to bed and rising early.
4.There are signs reminding people to limit smoking in public places.
5.It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my father came home.
6.Tonight’s program focuses on the way in which/that broken families affect the young.
7.After many days’ voyage， they arrived in what is called Africa nowadays.
8.I felt it strange that he didn’t reply to me.
夯实素材储备
一、1.One night， Tom was awakened by the lightning and thunderstorm.
2.As he passed his parents’ bedroom，he heard them quarreling.
3.His father put forward Tom’s being an official when he grew up， but his mother insisted that he be a teacher.
4.This made Tom feel very bad， anger and frustration surrounding him.
5.He opened the door and went into the yard.After about an hour，some stars appeared in the sky.Slowly， he calmed down.
6.He said to himself， “Everything will be all right.I am the master of my future.My physics is very good.I will be a physics scientist and make a contribution to the strength of the country.I am the hope of the household and I won’t let my parents down.”
二、
One night， Tom was awakened by the lightning and thunderstorm.As he passed his parents’ bedroom， he heard them quarreling.His father put forward Tom’s being an official when he grew up， but his mother insisted that he be a teacher.This made Tom feel very bad， anger and frustration surrounding him.He opened the door and went into the yard.After about an hour， some stars appeared in the sky.Slowly， he calmed down.He said to himself，“Everything will be all right.I am the master of my future.My physics is very good.I will be a physics scientist and make a contribution to the strength of the country.I am the hope of the household and I won’t let my parents down.”
16 / 20Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
动词-ing形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语
阅读下列句子并思考加黑部分的用法。
1.JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers.
2.Taking advantage of the site’s great start， Fiona decided to add more content.
3.Fiona Lin， the lady running the website， had the idea after she watched her daughter dancing two years ago.
4.Having achieved such success， Fiona hopes to attract more users through other forms of new media.
5.She always found dance relaxing after a long day at school ...
6.The website welcomes inspiring stories from dance lovers ...
【我的发现】
（1）动词-ing形式作定语的句子有 。
（2）动词-ing形式作状语的句子有 。
（3）动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的句子有 。
（4）从句1和句6可看出，单个动词-ing形式作定语，常置于被修饰词的 ；动词-ing形式短语作定语时要放在被修饰词的 。
（5）句 中动词-ing形式为一般式，表示该动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；句 中动词-ing形式为完成式，表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
一、动词-ing形式作定语
1.动词-ing形式作定语的位置
（1）单个动词-ing形式作定语，常置于被修饰词之前，其作用相当于形容词，表示“令人……的”。
He brought us surprising news.
他给我们带来了惊人的消息。
She had to accept the disappointing fact that her son didn’t work hard.
她只好接受这个令人失望的事实：她的儿子学习不努力。
（2）动词-ing形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词之后。
The students running along the street are from No.3 Middle School.
沿着街跑步的学生来自第三中学。
Tell the boys playing over there not to make any noise.
告诉那些在那儿玩的男孩不要制造噪声。
2.动词-ing形式作定语的用法
动词-ing形式作定语（以do为例）有doing（一般式）、形容词化的doing和being done （被动式）三种形式。用法如下；
（1）动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰词所具有的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
the reading room （＝the room for reading） 阅览室
building materials （＝materials for building） 建筑材料
a sleeping bag （＝a bag for sleeping）一个睡袋
（2）动词-ing形式作定语时，它和被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。
The building being built now is our new library.
＝The building that/which is being built now is our new library.
正在建造的大楼是我们的新图书馆。
动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和动词不定式作定语的一般区别：动词-ing形式表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；动词-ed形式表示被动或完成意义；动词不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
地上满是落叶。
I’m looking for a room to live in.
我正在找房子住。
【即时演练1】 单句语法填空/句型转换
①If you want to smoke， please go to the （smoke） room.
②It’s pleasure to watch the face of a （sleep） baby.
③The library （build） now will be the biggest one in our city.
④They are living in a house that faces the lake.
→They are living in a house .
⑤The teachers who/that are working in this university can apply for an apartment for free.（用动词-ing形式短语改写）
→The teachers can apply for an apartment for free.
⑥According to the expert， the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty.
→According to the expert， the temple has a history .（用定语从句改写）
二、动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系，常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
（一）句法功能
1.作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Walking in the park， she saw Jess.
＝When/While （she was） walking in the park， she saw Jess.
当她在公园里散步时，看到了杰丝。
当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在动词-ing形式前面加上when、while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2.作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句。
Being ill， he couldn’t go to school.
＝As he was ill， he couldn’t go to school.
因为生病了，他无法去上学。
3.作条件状语，一般放在句首，其前可以加if、 unless等连词。
Working hard， you’ll make great progress.
＝If you work hard， you’ll make great progress.
如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。
4.作结果状语，通常放在句末，表示一种自然而然、意料之中的结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候加thus。
The fire lasted nearly two days， leaving nothing valuable.
大火持续了将近两天，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。
He was caught in the heavy rain， thus making himself catch a cold.
他遇上了大雨，结果让他患上了感冒。
动词不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do，其被动形式为only to be done。
I hurried to the supermarket， only to find it was closed.
我匆忙赶到超市，却发现它已经关门了。
5.作让步状语，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。
Having been told many times， he still repeated the same mistake.
＝Although/Though he had been told many times， he still repeated the same mistake.
虽然被告诉过多次了，但是他仍旧重犯同样的错误。
6.作方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示动词-ing形式的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom， reading a book.
＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。
动词不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do，其被动形式为only to be done。
I hurried to the supermarket， only to find it was closed.
我匆忙赶到超市，却发现它已经关门了。
（二）注意事项
1.动词-ing形式的时态
动词-ing形式作状语时，要注意动词-ing形式的时间性，是用动词-ing形式的一般式，还是用完成式。
（1）当动词-ing形式所表示的动作与句子谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生时，用动词-ing形式的一般式。
Walking in the street， I met an old friend of mine.
我正在大街上行走时，遇到了我的一位老朋友。（Walking和谓语动词met同时发生）
（2）当动词-ing形式所表示的动作在句子谓语动词所表示的动作开始之前就已经完成时，用动词-ing形式的完成式。
Having finished his homework， he went to play football.
他写完作业后就去踢足球了。（Having finished是先完成的，went是后发生的）
2.动词-ing形式的语态
使用动词-ing形式的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于动词-ing形式和句子主语之间的关系。其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.（动词-ing形式的被动式）
被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
Having bought what he needed， he went home.（动词-ing形式的主动式）
买完需要的东西后，他回家了。
3.动词-ing形式的否定式： not doing； not having done
Not knowing this， he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有作好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
4.独立主格结构
动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。如果不一致，通常要在动词-ing形式前面加上自己的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的动词-ing形式被称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，一些高达90多米。
The weather being fine， we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们出去散步了。
5.动词-ing形式作评注性状语
有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：
generally speaking一般来说
judging by/from ...从……判断
taking everything into consideration从全盘考虑
Judging from his behaviour， he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
Generally speaking， girls are more interested in literature than boys.
一般来说，女孩比男孩对文学更感兴趣。
【即时演练2】 用动词-ing形式短语改写句子
①Taking exercise helps me improve immune system and enables me to strengthen my body.
→Taking exercise helps me improve immune system， .
②After we had come to a decision， we immediately began to work.
→ ， we immediately began to work.
③As it was a wet day， we couldn’t go for a walk.
→ ， we couldn’t go for a walk.
④Because he did not know how to do it， he went to his mother for help.
→ ， he went to his mother for help.
⑤If you go straight down the road， you will find the canteen.
→ ， you will find the canteen.
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常在下列结构中作动词的宾语补足语：
1.表示感官和心理状态的动词
see/observe/hear/feel/smell/ ...＋sb/sth＋doing sth表示动作正在进行。
I can smell something burning.
我能闻到东西燃烧的气味。
He saw the boy being beaten by his father in the yard.
他看见那个男孩在院子里正在被他爸爸打。
2.使役动词
have/catch/let/keep/leave/...＋sb/sth＋doing sth表示“使/让……一直做某事”。
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
很抱歉让你久等了。
在一些表示感官和心理状态的动词以及使役动词后既可以接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，其区别是：动词-ing形式作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，不是指全过程；动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的完成，指全过程。
3.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语用于with复合结构（with＋sb/sth＋doing ...）中。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
由于噪声不断，我没法做家庭作业。
With so many people looking at her， she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
【即时演练3】 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Suddenly we heard someone （knock） gently on the window.
②Don’t leave the water （run） when you brush your teeth.
③With water （fall） off its thick， brown hair， the bear stared back at me.
④They kept us waiting for three hours.
→We for three hours.（改为被动语态）
⑤On the top of Mount Tai， people observed the sun rising from the sea.
→On the top of Mount Tai， the sun .（改为被动语态）
belong vi.应在（某处）；能适应
【教材原句】 JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers.
跳舞吧是一个属于所有舞蹈爱好者的网站。
【用法】
（1）belong to意为“属于，归……所有”；不能用于进行时态和被动语态 （2）belongings n.财产；所有物；相关事物
【佳句】 These musical instruments belong to the school.这些乐器归学校所有。
【点津】 （1）belong to中的to是介词，后接名词或代词作宾语，但不能接名词所有格或名词性物主代词。（2）belong to不用于进行时态，但是它的动词-ing形式belonging to可以作后置定语，相当于含有belong to的定语从句。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Some of the stamps belong to （I）， while the rest are his and hers.
②When he joined the club，he felt a sense of （belong）.
【写美】 句型转换
③The vase which belongs to my uncle is a precious cultural relic.
→ （用动词-ing形式作定语改写）
set up 创建，建立
【教材原句】 Fiona wanted to introduce more people to dance， so she set up JustDance.
菲奥娜想教更多的人跳舞，所以她创建了跳舞吧。
【用法】
set aside 把……放到一旁；留出；暂时不考虑 set off 动身；出发；引爆；引发 set down 写下；放下 出发；开始（做某事） set back 使推迟；使延误 set a goal/rule 制定目标/规则 set sth up 安装好（设备或机器） set an example to sb 为某人树立榜样
【佳句】 She set up the website below to get people’s attention to healthy eating.
她建立了下面的网站让人们关注健康饮食。
I will help set up an English corner， providing students a platform to practice their spoken English.
我会帮忙创建一个英语角，给学生们提供一个练习他们的英语口语的平台。
【练透】 用set的相关短语填空
①In her diary， Jane has some important historical events.
②We will for the nursing home at 8：00 am on Saturday to accompany the elderly for the Double Ninth Festival.
③Since the new stadium was ， we have held a wide range of sports events.
④I try to a few minutes each day to do some exercise.
⑤The bad weather the building programme by several weeks.
【写美】 一句多译
⑥晚饭后玛丽立刻开始做她的家庭作业。
→Mary right after supper.（set out）
→Mary right after supper.（set about）
request vt.要求，请求 n.要求，请求；要求的事
【教材原句】 For example， she has requested a technical team to develop an app so as to satisfy different users’ needs.
例如，她已经要求一个技术团队开发一个应用程序以满足不同用户的需求。
【用法】
（1）request sb （not） to do sth 请求某人（不）做某事 request that ...（should） do sth 要求（某人）做某事 It is requested that ...（should） do sth 要求（某人）做某事 （2）make （a） request for sth/that ... 请求/要求…… at one’s request＝at the request of sb 应某人的要求
【佳句】 It is requested that visitors should not smoke or talk loudly in the museum.
在博物馆里要求参观者不要吸烟和大声交谈。
【点津】 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
【练透】 完成句子
①You in the restaurant.
请你不要在餐馆里吸烟。
②The manager requested that .
经理要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。
③ all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.
要求所有参观者不要对展品进行拍照。
【写美】 句型转换
④I requested that the students should be well prepared for the exam.
→I the students should be well prepared for the exam.（request n.）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ
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