【培优方案】UNIT 1　Nature in the balance（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）译林英语必修第三册

课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Nature in the balance
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.overseas　2.millions　3.region　4.varieties　5.damage　6.oxygen　7.masses　8.extinction　9.towering　10.species
维度二
1.harmful　2.extinction　3.massive　4.regional
5.disappearance　6.agricultural　7.living　8.varieties
9.length　10.survivors
维度三
1.Lots of homework to do
2.is difficult to break down
3.for which he apologised to us
4.lies a small village
5.While the students came from different countries
6.In the past five to ten years； have become
维度四
1.the　2.is got　3.With 　4.providing　5.living　6.down
7.nutrients　8.known　9.disappearance/disappearing
10.to damage
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。道格拉斯·索恩从小就热爱动物，长大后，他开始从事动物救援工作。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中After he grew up ...filming the great white sharks off the coast of Santa Cruz， California.可知，当时拍摄大白鲨是道格拉斯·索恩工作的一部分。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中The camera uses heat to look for the animals at night.可知，在晚上的时候，使用特殊的摄像机寻找动物靠的是它们散发出来的热量，所以动物的体温是夜晚救援工作的关键。
3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中Nobody claimed him after 30 days so I adopted him， and he’s a super wonderful dog可知，索恩收养了他救助的第一只狗。由此推断，他们现在生活在一起。
4.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的burned down a number of houses可推断，应是可怕的大火摧毁了澳大利亚部分地区，ravage意为“毁坏，破坏”，与destroy的意思最接近。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在过去的三十年间，一个名为Friends of Trees的公益性组织种植了大量的行道树。一项新的研究表明，行道树与降低死亡率有关。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中Between 1990 and 2020， Friends of Trees planted 49，246 street trees.可知，Friends of Trees花了大约30年的时间种植了49246棵行道树。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第二句可知，树龄较长的树木对公众健康的贡献更大。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段多诺万所说的话可知，种行道树成了延长城市居民寿命的有效方法，所以多诺万提倡种更多的行道树。
8.B　推理判断题。文章第一段介绍一项新的研究表明，每种植一棵树，就能大大减少非意外死亡和因心血管疾病死亡的人数；结合第二段第一句、第三段第一句和第四段内容可推知，作者主要是通过陈述研究结果来展开文章主题的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了青年Jibin骑车环游印度的故事。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Jibin在24岁时决定边工作边旅行，结合第二段中的For as long as I can remember， I’ve been into travelling.和when I became a teenager， an all-India trip was always my dream可知，他在24岁时最可能对环游全国感兴趣。be into sth对某事物很有兴趣，非常喜欢某事物。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，在一些地区，几乎没有食品摊，即Jibin几乎没有竞争对手，因此他的生意立即取得了成功。本段中的rupee是印度的货币单位“卢比”。
11.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中Jibin所说的话可知，虽然食品摊的收入还可以，但更重要的是人们的友善才使得他踏上了梦想之旅。由此可推知，沿途陌生人的友善给他留下了深刻的印象。
12.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，通常的骑手每天要骑行几百公里，而Jibin找到一个目的地，就在那里待上几天，了解那里的人和文化，即Jibin更喜欢感受各地的风俗而不是长时间骑车。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。落叶是大自然自我更新的方式，为了保护环境，请不要随意把院子里的落叶装进袋子。
13.B　上文提到许多动物依靠落叶生存，下文提到把落叶装进袋子的行为可能会导致鸟类死亡，设空处应该与鸟类生存和落叶之间的关系有关。B项（鸟类以生活在落叶中的昆虫为食）与下文内容形成因果关系。bag此处作动词，意为“把……装进袋子”。
14.F　根据语境可知，设空处起承上启下作用，既解释落叶如何让大自然进行自我更新，又引出下文提到的没有落叶的后果。F项（落叶为春天生长的植物所需的土壤提供了养分）中的nutrients与下文中的nutrients为原词复现。
15.C　上文提到落叶会堵塞河流，影响水源的水质，C项与上句It will influence water quality in rivers and streams.形成并列关系，解释了落叶带来的负面影响，其中water sources呼应上文中的rivers and streams，It与上句中的It均指代上文提到的“水源被堵塞最终回流到街道”这一情况。
16.G　根据上文内容可知，作者认为把落叶装进袋子并不是问题，重要的是我们如何处理落叶；下文提到处理落叶的方法：切碎树叶让其快速分解、把树叶混入到花圃中。由此推断，本段旨在介绍不把落叶装进袋子也可以维持花园干净的方法，G项中的bagging leaves呼应上文中的bagging leaves。
17.E　作者在本段呼吁大家养成环保的习惯，并指出不把落叶装进袋子带来的好处。E项与上文中的protect the natural habitats of lots of animals形成并列关系，其中的bags呼应上文中的bagging。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.you were talking to　2.don’t know who　3.Although hard-working　4.than necessary
维度二
1.but few good ones　2.she treats her students　3.doesn’t know how to　4.asked by the police not to　5.as he used to
维度三
1.I was　2.where one is　3.throw it anywhere I want　4.we
5.they are
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。圣迭戈动物园孵化了41只印度小头鳖，动物园园长金·格雷一直致力于保护这一物种。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Kim Gray所说的话可知，印度小头鳖的成功繁殖标志着在海龟保护方面取得了突破。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，海龟蛋难找的原因是海龟会在上面盖上泥土。
3.D　段落大意题。根据第四段中的Environmental pollution， habitat destruction ...led to the species’ reduction over the years.可知，本段主要讲述的是这种海龟濒危的原因。
4.B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，圣迭戈动物园孵化了41只印度小头鳖，在海龟保护方面取得了重大突破。根据最后一段可知，通过照顾这一濒危物种，他们对其有了更好的了解。由此推断，对本文最感兴趣的人应该是动物学家。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由联合国环境规划署宣布的一项新倡议——“运用自然的力量使城市降温”，并以卡塔尔为例介绍了这种方法的实用性。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，联合国环境规划署宣布的新倡议的目的是用大自然的力量给城市降温。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知，世界各地夏天特别热的城市正采取各种降温措施，所以第二句，即画线词所在句应表明这些措施的结果：所有这些措施都起到了给城市降温的作用，在实施这些措施的地区，地表温度降低了2℃到3℃，mitigating与reducing意思相近，均有“减少”之意。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Unlike conventional asphalt ...the so-called “cool pavement” reflects UV rays and absorbs solar radiation to a lesser extent， contributing to overall temperature reduction in a greener way.可知，与传统的沥青相比，“凉爽路面”这个项目的材料吸收较少的太阳辐射，还能反射紫外线，从而降低了整体温度。
8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，希拉强调了各国政府、私营企业、专家和从业人员在国内和国际上的合作。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林带来的五个好处。
9.E　根据本部分小标题可知，森林提供给我们必要的资源。上文指出我们生活中的很多物品都由木材制成，并且木材在世界上很多地方也是建造房屋的基本材料。E项（更不用说，许多家庭使用木材来取暖）与上文形成递进关系，符合语境。
10.G　根据本部分小标题及下文内容可知，森林提供给我们食物和营养。G项（对许多农村社区来说，森林就是他们街区的“杂货店”）符合语境。
11.A　根据下文内容可知，森林为全世界数百万人创造收入，因为很多工作都与森林资源相关。A项中的support jobs呼应下文中的provide income，且jobs与下文中的jobs为原词复现。故A项适合作本段小标题。
12.F　根据本部分小标题可知，森林保护我们免受自然灾害。上文指出树木和其他植物通过稳固土壤和减少雨水对地面的影响来帮助防止滑坡。由此推断，设空处应该与森林有助于抵抗自然灾害相关。F项符合语境。下文中的they指代F项中的forests along the coastline。
13.D　根据本部分小标题可知，森林是休闲娱乐的场所。下文指出森林是游客探索和冒险的理想之地。D项（森林也是乐趣、刺激和灵感的源泉）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。小时候的Howard是一个控制不住情绪、不服管教的孩子，老师的爱让他成长为一名优秀的学生。
14.B　根据第一段中的He easily became angry和he was unwilling to obey以及最后一段首句中的the badly-behaved student可知，Howard是个爱制造麻烦的孩子，他很容易发怒，经常破坏东西。
15.A　参见上题解析。
16.C　根据第一段最后一句和空前的but可知，Howard不服管束，Rogers和其他老师想办法管教他，但是彻底失败了。
17.D　根据最后一段中they always love him以及尾句可知，最终改变了Howard的不是从书上学到的东西，而是来自很多人的爱。
18.A　参见上题解析。
19.B　根据have teachers who care so much about me可知，有老师这么关心她，他感到很幸运。
20.D　根据and可知，空处应和care为相同感彩的词，support（支持）符合语境。
21.A　根据本段中he started mentoring、Christian Scates， 5和When I get mad可知，Howard开始指导那些像童年的他一样不好管理的小孩子。
22.C　根据文章首句和空前的at the school where his schooling可知，Howard四岁时在这所学校开始接受教育，目前他在该校指导这些小孩。
23.B　根据空后两句可知，五岁的Christian Scates把Howard当成自己最好的朋友，当他情绪失控时，Howard教他如何冷静下来，这也表明Howard对小孩子的指导取得了成功，他在那里的努力已经得到了回报。
24.D　参见上题解析。
25.A　根据句中in the same hallways where she used to chase him down as a child和尾句中Rogers took a photo of Howard with her可知，Rogers老师碰巧在同一个走廊里遇到了Howard，她曾在那里追赶孩提时代的Howard。
26.B　根据上段中的Christian Scates， 5， said， “Howard is my best friend.When I get mad， he teaches me how to get 　24　.”可知，今天，有很多孩子在那里（指同样的走廊里）对他很尊敬。
27.C　根据第二段内容可知，Rogers老师和她的同事从未放弃过这个表现不好的学生（指Howard）。
28.D　根据they always love him以及Rogers所说的话可知，老师们努力让Howard知道他们永远是爱他的。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚为濒危的海马修建水下酒店，旨在增加海马的数量和重建它们的栖息地。
29.to survive　考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth努力做某事。
30.designed　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰名词project，且design与project之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。故填designed。
31.were attracted　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，设空处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，又因主语Seahorses与attract之间是被动关系。故填were attracted。
32.to　考查介词。be home to ...是……的栖息地。
33.helping　考查非谓语动词。a helping hand帮忙。
34.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cages，且在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
35.successful　考查词形转换。设空处作定语，修饰groups，意为“成功的”，用形容词。故填successful。
36.concerns　考查名词复数。concern意为“令人担忧的事”时，是可数名词，因设空处前有a few修饰，此处表示复数意义。故填concerns。
37.the　考查冠词。in the wild在野生环境中。
38.Hopefully　考查词形转换。设空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词，又因位于句首。故填Hopefully。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
基础知识自测
维度一
1.tracks　2.image　3.habitat　4.Deer　5.shark
维度二
1.tracker　2.application　3.absolutely
维度三
1.doesn’t spring to my mind
2.It’s hard to keep track of
3.so do their prices
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了30岁的科尔多瓦·罗哈斯偶遇一只受伤的疣鼻天鹅，并对其实施救助的故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，疣鼻天鹅本性好斗，但是当科尔多瓦·罗哈斯靠近这只天鹅时，它没有动。正是它的反常行为让她知道天鹅遇到了麻烦。
2.D　词义猜测题。根据上句She worried others might be disturbed.和画线词所在句中的However可推知，她担心的事情并未发生，没人觉得天鹅乘地铁有什么不妥，没有人看起来“困惑不解”。画线词与at a loss意思相近。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一、二句可知，天鹅在康复中心重新站了起来，甚至还交了男朋友。由此推知，天鹅享受着在康复中心的生活。
4.B　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中Cordova-Rojas果断而细心地救助天鹅的行为和最后一段中Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot， car， and subway （with her bike）可知，她富有爱心，而且细心周到。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些小企业致力于把旧衣物加工成新的时尚的衣服，以减少纺织物浪费。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的It’s a big issue not to create new waste.I would say we are 90% recycled materials.可知，不制造新的废弃物是个大问题，她们公司的生产用料有90%为回收材料。由此推断，她建议人们不要买新衣物，而是翻新旧衣物。revamp意为“翻新”。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Danny Katz对纺织品废弃物所造成的浪费和环境污染有些担忧。
7.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容和最后一段中Hendricks所说的话可知，Hendricks更关心可持续产品的价格是否亲民。
8.B　标题归纳题。纺织品废弃物是一个日益严重的问题。据EPA的统计，在美国普通消费者每年扔掉81.5磅衣物，这造成了严重的环境污染。一些认识到该问题的小公司开始回收废弃纺织物，并将它们重新设计成新的时尚物品。因此，B项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，由于滥伐森林和气候变化，亚马孙雨林正逐渐退化。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，亚马孙雨林正面临着变成热带草原的危险。
10.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段首句可知，专家研究了三十年来森林在极端事件后的变化，结合画线词前的has been losing its可知，森林在经历了极端事件后，已经无法完全恢复到之前的状态，resilience与D项“回归正常的能力”意思接近。
11.C　细节理解题。根据文章末句可知，欧盟环境专员希望更多的国家和欧盟一起努力来应对这一问题。
12.B　文章体裁题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，亚马孙雨林正在接近其退化的临界点。文章主要介绍了该研究的方法和结论，应属于科学报道。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东刺莺鸟的数量迅速下降的原因以及人们准备拯救它的计划。
13.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中Since the 1980s ...why the eastern bristlebird has seen such rapid decline.可知，东刺莺鸟数量迅速下降的情况引起了研究人员的关注。
14.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，一再发生的意外火灾是刺莺鸟减少的主要因素。
15.C　细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段最后两句可知，刺莺鸟偏爱低处的栖息地使它更容易受到火灾的伤害。
16.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中However， all hope was not lost ...are in place for this little unremarkable bird.可知，救援和迁移计划已为刺莺鸟准备就绪。由此推知，将来它们的减少趋势可能会放缓。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火星的自然环境以及火星任务的实施难度。
17.G　根据设空前后句可知，所填句与下文并列，都是在简要介绍火星的情况。G项中的It指代Mars。故G项（它是少数几个我们能用肉眼看到的行星之一）符合语境。
18.A　根据下文That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.可知，所填句是承前说明奥林匹斯山的高度。故A项（它大约27千米高）符合语境。
19.E　上文是在介绍火星上的气候，下文提到了沙尘暴。故E项（然而，火星上确实有气象，有云和风）符合语境。
20.B　根据空后一句可知，超过半数的火星任务都失败了，也就是说，执行火星任务并不容易。故B项（火星任务从来都不容易）符合语境。
21.F　所填句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明中国在宇宙探索方面的进步。故F项（中国将继续探索宇宙的奥秘）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　I’m a high school student from China.As an animal lover， I felt really excited when I learned you’re in need of volunteers.It’s a good opportunity for me to do something for endangered animals.
　　I often take part in activities to help animals， such as raising money for stray dogs and cats.What’s more， I’ve also learned how to take care of injured animals.So I believe I would be capable in this job.
　　I would be very happy if I could work for you.
　　Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.former　2.process　3.recycle　4.further　5.poverty
6.committee　7.smog　8.residents
维度二
1.entirely　2.pollution　3.official　4.poisonous
5.consequence　6.profitable
维度三
1.got rid of the old desk
2.In came a girl
3.even though he’s in his nineties
维度四
1.in　2.of　3.to　4.in　5.various　6.economic　7.fighting
8.in　9.inseparable　10.aiming
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洱海生态廊道工程。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，建立洱海生态廊道的目的是保护洱海，修复自然生态系统。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，C项（开展湿地恢复研究）包含在该项目中。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，“珍珠”指的是洱海沿岸的村庄，这些村庄因该项目获得了更好的交通条件以及发展旅游业的机会，因此这些村庄受益于该项目。
4.C　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，在廊道的建设过程中，洱海的水质及生态都有了提升，同时，廊道也成为当地居民以及外地游客进行锻炼、观光的好去处。由此推知，工作人员认为该项目被证明很好。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了支持保护森林的人——树木拥抱者，即我们今天的环保主义者。
5.A　空处位于句首，应是主旨句，根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲的是树木的好处，所填句应总述树木对于世界的好处。A项（树给了世界很多）概括全段，符合语境。
6.E　空前主要介绍树木拥抱者，空后举例说明tree hugger保护的不仅仅是树木，还有其他动植物和环境。所填句承上启下，E项（他们的保护对象不仅仅是树木，还有自然与环境）符合语境。E项中的They指代的就是上文提到的tree hugger。
7.C　根据空前一句可知，树木拥抱者最初并不是一个褒义词，根据空后一句可知，树木拥抱者指的是那些过分保护环境的人。所填句承上启下，讲的应是人们最初对于树木拥抱者的错误认识，C项符合语境。C项中的it指代的是上文提到的Tree hugger这一称呼。
8.G　空前举例讲述一些环保主义者的极端做法，空后一句讲的是希尔的极端做法。所填句承上启下，讲的应是导致希尔作出这一极端举动的原因。G项（但这并没有阻止太平洋木材公司想要砍伐它）符合语境，其中的that指代上文的For 738 days from 10 December 1997 to 18 December 1999， Hill lived in Luna这个事实。
9.D　空前As the website explains ...we can safely call Hill a tree hugger.讲的是社会对于希尔极端保护行为的看法，空处位于段末，应是对上文的总结。D项（我相信她会认为这是最高的赞扬）总结全段，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位老师想出一种简单的方法来帮助学生更好地度过一天。
10.C　根据下文内容可知，Rachel老师找到了一种极好的方法来帮助她的学生及其家人，即让学生家长给她发送一条三个词的短信。第五段中的amazing system和第四段中的their parents分别是提示。
11.B　参见上题解析。
12.D　下句中的the student’s mom提示本空选择student，属于原词复现。
13.A　根据后半句Rachel told the student’s mom ...one of those days可知，Rachel让学生家长给她发短信是为了更好地帮助这个患有自闭症的学生。
14.C　根据空后的“handle with care”可知，学生的母亲只需要简单地给Rachel发送一条三个词的短信就可以了。第四段首句中的simple method也是提示。text作动词，意为“（用手机给某人）发短信”。
15.B　根据空前的text her “handle with care”可知，Rachel让学生家长给她发短信，好让她了解这个学生哪天状态不好，这样才能帮助该学生。下段首句中的knew也是提示。
16.A　上段中的text her提示本空选text，属于原词复现。
17.A　根据空后的not the gym for morning announcements可知，该学生需要的是一个安静的地方。
18.D　根据语境可知，句中her daughter needed ...location的目的是the rest of her day went smoothly。
19.C　根据空后的Rachel decided to send all of her students home with a note for their parents可知，这个简单的办法很成功，于是Rachel决定在班里推广。
20.D　根据句中的It explained what the “Handle with Care” system was 和下句中的In no time， parents began to show their appreciation可知，Rachel让学生带回家的便条解释了“Handle with Care”方法是什么以及家长可以如何利用它，以便家长使用。
21.B　根据上文内容可知，Rachel所做的事是帮助学生及其家长的善举。
22.A　根据句中的Word of the amazing system spread和下句The feedback has been extremely positive！可知，全国各地的老师开始在自己的教室里尝试这一方法。
23.B　根据句中的by the way they’re acting可知，老师有时可以通过学生的表现来看出他们这天是否过得不顺。tell意为“知道，辨别，判断”。
24.C　根据上文内容可知，一条简单的短信可以让老师提前作出一些小改变，从而让每个人的一整天都过得很好。
Ⅳ.
　　That night Matt heard Grandpa talk with Grandma about a basketball hoop （篮筐）.Matt was very curious about why Grandpa mentioned it suddenly.But because he was too tired after the journey， he fell asleep quickly， totally ignoring it.The next morning， Matt went outside to see the house in the daylight.Just beside his mom’s car was a basketball hoop.It hadn’t been there the night before.At that moment he realized that it was Grandpa who’d put that hoop up for him overnight.
　　Matt felt very moved.He went inside and found everyone at the breakfast table.He felt so sorry for his attitude the night before.He came up to his grandpa and hugged him， “Thank you， Grandpa.I like it very much.” His grandpa smiled， and asked him to sit.He told Matt there were some boys in the town， and he would invite them to come to play.Matt felt so happy that he had such considerate grandparents.
UNIT 2　Natural disasters
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.stairs　2.confirmed　3.disaster　4.signalled　5.inform
6.exit　7.crashed
维度二
1.relief　2.reaction　3.injured　4.informed　5.destructive　6.orderly
维度三
1.was working in the lab when　2.in case we lose touch with you again　3.the expert’s coming to　4.the moment I saw him
5.couldn’t leave her son alone　6.the only one to help me
7.It occurred to me that
维度四
1.when　2.reaction　3.the　4.was damaged　5.to exit
6.orderly　7.with　8.walking　9.occurred　10.immediately
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。地震预测是一种古老的技能。文章介绍了地震预测困难的原因以及地震预测的历史和方法等。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句以及Egill所说的话可知，地震预测如此困难有很多原因，人们对地震的一些基本物理原理尚不清楚是其中之一。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，许多资料显示，地震预测在古希腊是一门公认的科学，作者举费雷西德斯的例子是为了表明地震预测是一门历史悠久的科学。
3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Bruneau所说的话可知，科学家们已经尝试了所有可能的方法来预测地震，但没有人能够作出可信的预测。由此推断，在第四段中布鲁诺的意思是科学家没有可靠的方法来预测地震。
4.C　主旨大意题。根据文章中心段，即第一段内容可知，地震预测是人类已知的最古老的技能之一；结合下文可知，本文主要介绍了地震预测的方法，包括地震预测困难的原因等。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。洪水作为大自然的一部分，对生态系统既有坏处也有好处。
5.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段中Floodwaters can pick up dirt from riverbanks， which makes the water dirty.以及画线词后的preventing the river from flowing可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，使河水无法流淌。由此可推测，画线词clog意为“堵塞”，与block意思相近。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三至五句可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更丰富，从而更好地改善生态系统。
7.B　段落大意题。根据第三段主旨句However， not everything about floods is bad.Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems.可知，第三段主要讲的是洪水对生态系统的好处。
8.D　标题归纳题。文章前两段主要讲洪水对生态系统不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对生态系统的益处，最后一段总结全文，点明主题——洪水是大自然的一部分。因此，D项（洪水：大自然的一部分）为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。在校大学生发明了可以改善睡眠质量的APP，来帮助PTSD患者。
9.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的as the result of repeated disabling nightmares， he knew he had to do something about it以及下文内容可知，Tyler的父亲睡眠不好，这导致他的生活变得混乱、崩溃。故画线词unravel与collapse意思相近。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句以及第五段中It ...allow the sleep to continue unaffected可知，smartwatch app帮助使用者有一个好的睡眠。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，在开发和测试这个应用程序时，Patrick担任了一个测试对象的角色。
12.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，Tyler发明的应用技术将可以通过处方获得，很快会被投入市场。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有时候我们可能会遇到泥石流，这时候我们该怎么做呢？文章给出了一些建议。
13.F　根据空后的it can increase the probability of survival in an emergency及下文的叙述可知，F项（如果你了解一些紧急应对泥石流的知识）符合语境。
14.B　空前两句介绍，如果听见像雷的声音要提高警惕。B项（那很可能是泥石流即将到来的迹象）解释要提高警惕的原因，符合语境。B项中的It指代上文的thunder-like sound。
15.C　根据空后内容可知，此处是介绍遭遇泥石流时的逃跑路径。C项（尽可能确定安全的逃生路径）引起下文，符合语境。
16.A　根据空后内容，尤其是you should abandon the car and run away.If you hide in the car， it is easy to be buried in the car.可知，A项（不要试图待在车里）适合作为本段的中心句。
17.G　根据本段首句Don’t think it’s safer in the area where the debris flow just happened.及后半句you must be careful of another one on the road可知，G项（如果你正走过刚刚发生泥石流的地区）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.scared　2.shocked　3.to walk　4.with　5.to be told
6.powerful　7.leaving　8.to take　9.out　10.to catch
维度二
1.is too hot to drink　2.so kind as to offer his seat to me
3.person to get along with　4.only to find it was Sunday
5.The sports meeting to be held next week
维度三
1.old enough to find　2.an interview to attend
3.only to be told　4.the first one to come
5.a way to solve the problem　6.to work in the company
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于城市公园的研究，说明了与大自然交流对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find以及it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild可知，在城市里很难找到野生自然。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及第四段可知，研究人员之所以进行编码分类是为了从公园游客提交的总结材料中找到他们与自然交流行为的类别模式。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，工作日可以在午餐休息时间，沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的自然体验会呈现不同的形式。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn的话可知，我们在与大自然交流之前应该保护自然。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦为了减少交通事故采取了一系列措施以及“Vision Zero”计划。
5.D　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，去年伦敦街头有101人死于交通事故。为了避免更多类似事故发生，伦敦交通局给出了一些方法：保持安全的速度、保持车辆安全等。因此，第一段的目的是给出背景信息。
6.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的These cameras and sensors are widely placed where they are needed.可知，盲点摄像头和近距离传感器被广泛安装在需要的地方。结合画线词所在句可知，一项针对重型货车的安全标准使用了盲点摄像头和近距离传感器。由此猜测，画线词意为“使用，利用”，与use意思相近。
7.B　观点态度题。根据第三段中威尔·诺曼所说“We are moving in the right direction”可知，威尔·诺曼对这项计划是支持的。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Safety is the biggest barrier to people taking up cycling or letting their children walk or cycle.But greener vehicles may be unsafe themselves.可知，作者想告诉我们，一些环保的交通工具本身就存在安全隐患。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给出了四条发生地震时该如何反应的建议。
9.G　上句说明身处地震中，决定该做什么的时间很短。G项（考虑以下建议可能是生与死的区别）承接上文，并引出下文提出的建议。
10.D　本段主旨句Drop to the ground.说明本段给出的建议是卧倒在地。根据空格上下文可知，大地震发生时不会有太多预警，而小地震在一刹那也可能会变成大地震。D项（所以建议地震一发生你就卧倒在地）符合本段主旨，且与上下文语义一致。
11.E　本段主旨句Take cover.说明本段给出的建议是躲起来。上句说明躲起来时应注意的事项。E项（如果可能的话，远离窗户和任何可能坠落的物体）继续介绍躲起来时的注意事项。
12.F　下句说明要待在相对安全的平面或平台下面，等待震动停止。F项（地面可能会晃动，木块或砖块可能会掉落）解释下文动作的原因。
13.A　空格位于段首，为本段主旨句。下文说明大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏的地点或者地方太拥挤并且每个人都想出去时。A项（待在里面，直到出去是安全的）能够概括下文内容。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生发生了改变，以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人。
14.A　根据文章前两句可知，作者描述的是地震来临时的感受，再根据空后的destruction并结合常识可知，该句是讲大地震过后死一般的沉寂，与上文的强烈震动形成对比。
15.B　根据下句My vision blurred （模糊） seeing the remains of my house.可知，作者看到的一切都成了废墟。
16.C　根据下句I 　18　 all the times I played with my little brother and sister.可知，此处指这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。
17.D　根据语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。
18.B　根据all the times可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。
19.C　根据上句可知，作者面对废墟时想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在他的脑海里。
20.C　根据after lying on the ground for some time可知，作者在地上躺了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。
21.D　根据空前的I walked on mindlessly可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的地走着，什么东西都不能引起他的反应。
22.A　根据上文作者对地震经历的描述并结合此处语境可知，这里指灾难发生在作者身上，strike符合语境。
23.B　此处与上文对地震经历的描述相呼应，这里指令人恐惧的事件。
24.C　根据下文I gently stuck out my hand for her to hold to.可知，这个女孩是地震幸存者。由此可推知，作者作为“过来人”去帮助这里的地震幸存者。
25.A　根据空前的Losing family可知，失去家人是痛苦的。
26.D　此处与下文where we can help those around us中help相呼应，指作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同经历的人的生活。
27.A　根据空后的the way I did for her可推知，作者认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，去帮助和影响其他人。
28.B　根据文章可知，作者作为一个“过来人”，用志愿者的身份去帮助其他人，这是他在经历灾难后作出的改变世界的行为，作者希望这个女孩在将来能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。海洋地质考古学家研究古代灾害，帮助人们为未来可能发生的灾害做好准备。
29.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词eruption，且在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
30.interesting　考查词形转换。设空处作表语，意为“有趣的”。故填interesting。
31.to　考查介词。access to意为“（接近或进入某地的）方法，通路”。
32.to adapt　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰ways，故填to adapt。way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”。
33.us　考查代词。设空处作动词help的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填us。
34.scientists　考查名词复数。scientist为可数名词，根据其前的her team of可知，应用其复数形式。故填scientists。
35.a　考查冠词。as a result of意为“由于，因为”，为固定短语。
36.developed　考查动词的时态。根据in 2014可知，develop的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且the country与develop之间是主动关系。故填developed。
37.caused　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰effect，且effect与cause之间为被动关系。故填caused。
38.particularly　考查词形转换。设空处作状语，应用副词，意为“特别，尤其”。故填particularly。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
基础知识自测
维度一
1.downstairs　2.otherwise　3.Curious　4.flooded
5.honey　6.documents
维度二
1.curiosity　2.flooding　3.documented
维度三
1.came flooding in　2.went downstairs
3.otherwise you shall be punished
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。东非地区出现严重干旱。文章对干旱原因和给东非人民和动物所带来的巨大影响作了具体阐述。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，Zaynab Wali提到在上次的干旱中，政府甚至为动物分发食物，而在这次干旱中她和家人的食物都短缺，言外之意是政府这次的安排与上次相比是很不妥的。由此推断，她是想表达她对于这次干旱政府的安排的失望。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句可知，索马里联合会在努力获得更多的国外援助。
3.A　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，驴现在虚弱得都不能自己走路了，更别谈运货了，结合上文可知，这是因干旱而导致动物没有食物吃所造成的。故本段主要想告诉我们干旱的严重性。
4.C　标题归纳题。根据文章第一句可知，索马里、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚都警告说，东非出现严重干旱，影响数百万人，后面段落对这次干旱的情况作了具体介绍。由此可知，本文是围绕“干旱影响东非，使数百万人面临风险”这一话题进行阐述的。因此，C项最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章由1816年美国佛蒙特州的夏季暴雪为切入点，介绍了在1815年4月5日，沉睡了几个世纪的坦博拉火山喷发了，坦博拉火山的喷发是当时人类历史上最致命、威力最大的火山爆发。
5.A　目的意图题。根据第一段最后两句，并结合下文讲述的坦博拉火山的爆发及造成的伤害可知，第一段的目的是引入话题。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，坦博拉火山开始喷发的时间是1815年4月5日。
7.D　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，该段主要介绍坦博拉火山的爆发导致了一场可怕的灾难。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过照片描述了阿拉斯加地震后的景象，包括地震对山体滑坡所造成的影响。
8.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，山体滑坡时会造成山体的分开。
9.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，地震可能会加速山体滑坡的过程或造成新的山体滑坡。由此推断，地震对山体滑坡有巨大的影响。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，这次地震可以被感知到，但并没有造成地表严重移动，从而引起大范围的山体滑坡，这个结果出乎科学家的意料。
11.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在块状扩散的情况下，部分地面脱离山丘，会非常完整地滑落。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。欧洲航天局和美国航空航天局正致力于创建一个月球共享时间系统，以方便不同国家的月球任务顺利开展。
12.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的But now， lots of lunar missions from different countries are planned for the coming years.These missions will need to communicate with each other.可知，创建月球共享时间系统的目的是让不同国家的月球任务能顺利地沟通交流。
13.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的the International Space Station （ISS） also uses UTC ...Space agencies could send a UTC time signal to the moon， just like they do with the ISS.可知，在国际空间站（ISS）中，人们使用协调世界时（UTC）。
14.C　段落大意题。第四段中指出，在月球上使用UTC难点有二：一是UTC信号可能会接收不成功，导致整个系统瘫痪；二是月球上的一天与地球上的一天时间长短不同，受重力影响，月球上的时间流逝速度比地球上的快。故本段主要说明了为何UTC在月球上可能不可行。
15.A　推理判断题。最后一段首先指出欧洲航天局和美国航空航天局想要创建月球时间不仅是为了人，也是为了机器；随后指出航天局未来几年会向月球发射大量人造卫星，旨在建立月球定位系统，来帮助航天员和探测器确定位置；最后指出该定位系统的运转需要人造卫星有非常精确的定时。由此推知，最后一段提及人造卫星是为了表明月球时间的重要性。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉人们如何来处理经历自然灾害之后不适的情绪。
16.D　根据下文可知，自然灾害不但会造成财产损失，而且还会造成心理上的压力。D项（自然灾害会带来高强度的压力、焦虑和愤怒）符合语境。
17.A　设空处位于段首，为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段建议要在其他人那里寻求帮助和支持。A项（寻找并联系社会支持）符合语境。
18.C　根据本段主旨句Try to establish a schedule.可知，本段建议制订一个时间表，所以此处应具体来解释这个做法。C项（例如，固定吃饭时间或者早上起床时间）举例说明要建立时间表，符合语境。
19.E　根据本段主旨句Talk about the effect of the natural disaster.可知，本段建议通过和其他人交流的方式来释放自己压抑的情感。E项（与他人分享你的感受或者找一些方式来表达你的情绪）符合语境。
20.F　根据空前内容可知，在自然灾害中有强烈的消极情感后，一定要用健康的方法去调整这样的情绪。F项（因此，找到管理这些情绪的健康方式是非常重要的）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
Our Experience Activity
　　Our school organized us to participate in an activity in the Children’s Palace from 2：00 p.m.to 5：30 p.m. on 17 December， which was aimed to help us learn more about natural disasters.
　　During the activity， we learned some basic ways to deal with distinct natural disasters.We also experienced natural disasters such as an earthquake， a flood， a tornado， a tsunami and a volcanic eruption in VR， where we deeply felt the danger of natural pared to the knowledge we have gained in our class， what we have learnt in the activity is practical and instructive.
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.sharp　2.rescued　3.import； export　4.destination
5.distance　6.erupted　7.patterns　8.locate　9.beyond　10.unearthed
维度二
1.distant　2.eruption　3.location　4.retirement　5.sharply
6.rescuers　7.unbearably
维度三
1.as it was before　2.took the form of a heart
3.should/ought to have come　4.as if waiting for someone
5.is to arrive in Shanghai at 1：00 pm
维度四
1.where　2.of　3.shot　4.shook　5.burning　6.in
7.came　8.remains　9.painted　10.left
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是飓风给人们带来的危害，同时提供了一些应对突发情况的建议。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning可知，大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲沿岸形成的。
2.B　段落大意题。根据第三段中oil workers、Field archeologists、a Texas National Guard group和travelers可知，本段主要讲述的是被突如其来的飓风所困的人。
3.A　目的意图题。根据最后一段首句But there’re a few things you can do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies.以及下文提供的建议可知，本段的目的是给出一些应对预料之外的紧急情况的建议。
4.C　文章出处题。根据首段并结合下文中介绍的飓风给人们带来的危害，同时提供了一些应对突发情况的建议可知，本文最有可能出现在网站的“生命；生活”部分。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了几点关于防御性驾驶的建议。
5.F　设空处前一句说明虽然如今的道路比以往任何时候都更安全，但事故仍在发生；设空处后一句提到这种做法涉及预测潜在风险以及根据路况安全驾驶。设空处后一句的This practice指代F项中的defensive driving。
6.D　上文指出防御性驾驶就是要作出观察、预测和计划。下文说明这就意味着你能预见到下一个拐角处可能会有一辆垃圾车，所以你应该在弯道减速，以防万一。D项对上文进行举例说明，其中的garbage cans与下文中的a garbage truck相呼应。
7.G　设空处前一句说明即便你前面的车开启了左转向灯，也不意味着它真的会左转。设空处后一句指出：观望一下前车的驾驶员会怎么做，而不是假定这位驾驶员知道自己开启了转向灯。G项中的turning与小标题中的turn signals以及下文中的turn signals相呼应。
8.E　下文指出：这样一来，当别人犯错时，你就有回旋的余地。E项中的Keep as much space around your car as possible 与设空处后一句中的have room to maneuver相呼应。
9.A　通读设空处下面一段可知，如果你后车的驾驶员开车摇晃不定或者离得太近，在安全的情况下靠边停车，为其让路。开车不是比赛，安全最重要。因此，A项概括了本段主旨，适合作小标题，其中的pull over与下文中的pull over构成原词复现。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位男士在接受脑部手术后，意外获得了从未有过的艺术才能。
10.A　根据上句的he spent more than a month in a coma可知，Hunter昏迷了一个多月；结合本句中的recovered much more quickly than expected可知，Hunter接受脑部手术后醒了过来，并恢复得比预期快得多。
11.D　根据语境可知，空前的it指代上文中Hunter恢复得很快这件事，结合文章首句中的a serious brain disease和a month in a coma可知，能在重病后恢复得这么快是一个奇迹。
12.B　根据空前的he soon amazed his friends and family以及下句中的had a talent for drawing， painting， and model building和“being rubbish” at art in school可知，Hunter上学时并不擅长艺术，因此他是突然拥有绘画和模型制作等才能的；而进行艺术类活动是在创作，因此是他所展示出的创造力令他的朋友和家人大为惊讶。第五段中Hunter所说which never existed in me before也是提示。
13.A　参见上题解析。
14.C　根据语境可知，后半句中的it指代all of my stuff，即Hunter创作出的作品；结合上文中他突然拥有艺术才能可知，他看着自己创作出来的东西时，都不知道自己是怎么做到的。
15.D　最后一段中的I’m just doing what my doctor told me to do and trying to enjoy it提示本空选择enjoy，属于原词复现。
16.C　根据空后的this is just a phenomenon及下句可知，医生表示，有很多关于大脑的事情他们仍然无法了解。
17.D　根据后半句his mother immediately asked， “When did you learn how to 　18　？”和下段中I haven’t stopped since then.可知，此处介绍的是Hunter所画的第一幅图。
18.B　上半句中的drew提示本空选draw，属于原词复现。
19.A　根据上段中母亲的提问可知，Hunter的画令母亲感到惊讶。由此推断，此处是Hunter对自己突然具备绘画才能的事实感到不可思议。故选crazy。
20.C　根据上句I haven’t stopped since then.可知，空后的I had this passion which never existed in me before是Hunter所发现的事情。
21.D　根据空后的work for himself as a carpenter可知，Hunter利用的是他的艺术才能；结合上文内容可知，他的艺术才能是手术后意外得到的，即新获得的，故选new。下段首句中的new也是提示。
22.A　根据空前的work for himself as a carpenter和下句The father-of-one has since sold pieces of his artwork.可知，Hunter开始制作并出售他最喜欢的超级英雄和电影角色的模型。
23.C　根据下句中Hunter所说I’m just doing what my doctor told me to do and trying to enjoy it并结合文章内容可知，Hunter术后重生并获得了新才能，而他决定好好利用和享受这一才能。
24.B　参见上题解析。
Ⅳ.
　　Squeak concentrated as hard as he could and hopped （跳） on his board.He took a wave right over to the man who called for help.It was the longest time Squeak had spent balancing on his surfboard yet！ Squeak got over to him in a moment and put his arm under the man’s. They used his board to float to the beach where a crowd had gathered.Finally， the lifeguard saw what was happening and jumped in to help， too.
　　Troy was waiting along with a crowd of people.As soon as Squeak and the man he’d helped got back to the beach， he ran up to Squeak.“Troy！” Squeak said excitedly.“Did you see me？ I surfed！ I really surfed！” Troy nodded happily and hugged him.He’d seen Squeak help the man， and felt proud of him.“Squeak， you are a hero！” He said aloud.He was even surprised that Squeak could surf！From then on， Squeak was known more for his surfing than his skateboarding.
UNIT 3　The world online
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.software　2.button　3.deliver　4.access　5.aware
6.recipe　7.cash　8.clicked　9.goods　10.removed
维度二
1.delivery　2.majority　3.awareness　4.Instantly
5.establishment　6.Obviously
维度三
1.The songs he sang took off
2.have his washing machine repaired
3.On the wall hangs
4.there is no need to worry at all
5.no matter when she walked down the street
6.did he come to
维度四
1.to connect　2.Billions　3.obviously　4.to　5.of　6.with
7.else　8.has　9.of　10.responsibly
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT对未来教育方向的影响。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中The world rewards you for what you can do with what you know可推断，能运用自己所学的知识做事的人会更成功。
2.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，与谷歌和百度相比，ChatGPT的优势在于它的分析功能。
3.A　标题归纳题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中一位教育专家所说The arrival of ChatGPT will push educators to focus more on teaching subjects that technology is not good at可知，文章主要介绍了ChatGPT对未来教育方向的影响。因此，A项适合作文章标题。
4.C　文章出处题。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT对未来教育方向的影响。由此推断，在网站的教育版面可读到这篇文章。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者用两岁的孙子在读图画书时像点击电脑屏幕一样用手指去戳书页的故事，和他自己偶然被《中国日报》请去做视频节目成为网络明星的故事，说明当今多媒体工具繁多的时代是一个不同于以往的时代。
5.B　词义猜测题。根据第一段内容和第二段中画线短语后的as I was sitting ...the Spring Festival holiday可知，作者是一名记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而在春节假期期间，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚地认识到了这一点。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，事实上，孩子对书本并不熟悉，他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当他戳它的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生，他认为故事书就是那样的。由此推断，孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第六段最后四句可知，作者认为自己可能老了，但从数字角度来说，作者还没有无可救药，他编辑视频，制作音频，使用移动支付，甚至建立了网站。也就是说，作者认为自己在数码科技方面能够胜任。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第七段第一句可知，作者在新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：很少在镜头前待着，因为作者的脸是为无线电广播节目而生的。由此推断，作者作为记者很少上电视。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Beth Bonness曾患有短暂性缺血发作，她坚持治疗最终康复。退休后她为有类似经历的幸存者成立了一个写作小组，以激励和帮助他们。
9.C　段落大意题。Bonness曾患短暂性脑缺血发作，第一段主要介绍了她第一次发病时的经历。
10.B　观点态度题。根据第三段中Bonness said she was told it was a one-off incident ...the doctors implied that she was too young to worry.可知，刚得这个病时，Bonness被告知这只是偶发的一次，她自己觉得只有老年人才得中风，医生也暗示她很年轻不必担忧，所以起先她认为不必在意这个病。
11.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Bonness决定写书记录她翻修房子时的曲折经历。C项（为了记录她生活中的一些事件）符合题意。D项中的development意为“新建住宅区，新开发区”。
12.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Bonness近来一直在鼓励那些由短暂性脑缺血发作引发的中风和脑损伤的幸存者进行写作。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是Internet cookies。
13.E　上文中提到的it logs you in automatically和return to find those items still in your cart是你上网时常遇到的两种情况，下文介绍当你访问一个网站时，该网站会向你的电脑发送一个Internet cookie并保存在一个文件中，这个文件记录了你的上网信息。由此可知，设空处是解释上文中提到的你能如此快捷、方便地上网的原因，且与Internet cookies相关，E项中的these conveniences指代上文提到的便捷上网的情况。
14.F　本段具有解释什么是Internet cookie以及它的作用。F项中的information saved as text呼应上文中的be saved in a file和下文中的information。
15.C　根据空后一句They are sometimes called HTTP cookies， computer cookies， web cookies， or browser （浏览器） cookies.可知，Internet cookies有不同的名字。空后一句中的They指代C项中的Internet cookies。
16.G　本段指出，网站在你的电脑上存储cookies虽然是一种侵入，但却非常有用。空处与其前的例子均说明cookies的好处。由此可知，G项符合语境。
17.A　空前一句指出，如果你认为cookies是对你隐私的侵犯，每个互联网浏览器都允许你自定义设置来限制或清除cookies，空后一句介绍消除cookies的后果是会让一些网站很难访问。由此可知，A项符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.being discussed　2.causing　3.indicating　4.knowing
5.saying　6.Having finished 　7.smoking　8.rising
9.Having been hit　10.being beaten
维度二
1.playing in the surf　2.in the waiting room
3.being discussed　4.have kept him waiting for so long a time
5.Not receiving any letter from him
6.many students standing in a queue
维度三
1.Hearing you miss me so much
2.getting along well with me
3.find many students reading books in the reading room
4.the exciting days　5.Reading in the junior middle school
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章针对社交媒体是好是坏这一问题展开讨论。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Since so many people — especially kids， teens， and young adults — are on it for much of their days， there is increased concern over what social media is doing to people with its overwhelming information.可知，人们担心社交媒体信息过多会带来不良影响。
2.C　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“It can be really educational and inspirational.Sometimes it can open your eyes to a new perspective （视角） you wouldn’t have seen yourself，” she explained.可知，奥尼亚认为社交媒体是有益的。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容，尤其是其中的It really is up to the individual — how they think of social media， and how they make use of it.可知，作者建议人们注意自己看待和使用社交媒体的方式。
4.B　标题归纳题。根据第二段中的While social media may sometimes be linked to negativity， it is not as bad as many make it out to be.及最后一段内容可知，文章主要针对社交媒体是好是坏这一问题展开讨论。因此，B项（社交媒体：恶魔还是天使？）最适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。微软昨晚迎来了互联网新时代的开始，表示将利用人工智能改进其搜索引擎和浏览器。人工智能可能会改变在线搜索，并对市场领导者谷歌构成严重威胁。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知，微软将为它们配备最新的人工智能技术来更新其搜索引擎和浏览器。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句以及Satya所说Rapid innovation is going to come可推知，萨蒂亚·纳德拉可能会同意的观点是：人工智能的应用将彻底改变人们在线收集信息的方式。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中Bing， Microsoft’s search site， and Edge， its online browser， would be upgraded以及画线词后的will answer questions in a similar， conversational fashion to ChatGPT可知，Bing将被升级为新版软件，由人工智能驱动。由此可推知，画线词iteration意为“新版软件”，与edition意思一致。
8.D　主旨大意题。根据文章大意尤其是最后一段最后两句可知，文章的主要内容是微软正试图在在线搜索领域击败谷歌。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用社交媒体的一些注意事项，尽管我们渴望社交，但是也要积极地使用社交媒体，确保自己拥有良好的网络声誉。
9.E　根据上文we are addicted to social media可知，当前，我们沉迷于社交媒体。E项（事实上，我们渴望社交媒体并且需要它）承接上文。
10.D　根据下文Make sure to post contents that you feel positively reflect you ...可知，要确保所发的内容积极向上，并且正确反映出你自己，你的创造力和才能。D项（务必确认你发出来的东西）引出下文。
11.A　本段最后两句中都提到privacy settings，且表示其并不完全可信，A项中的privacy settings与之相呼应。A项（不要相信隐私设置）总领下文。
12.B　根据本段首句和空前一句可知，准确的拼写和语法总是一个加分项，但那可能不是你的风格。言下之意是虽然这不是你的风格，但你也要努力确保自己是细心且专业的。B项（努力尽自己所能做好每一件事）承接上文。
13.G　根据空前一句中you want to ensure that you’re OK with anyone seeing everything you post可知，在社交媒体上发东西的时候要确保自己发的东西对于任何看到它的人都没有问题，言下之意是不要在社交媒体上乱发东西。G项（一旦点了发送键，就不能回头）承接上文。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从未见过“我”的祖母，但祖母的烤磅饼却把我们紧紧联系在一起。
14.C　根据后半句the aroma （香气） of the batter （面糊） would fill the house以及下句可知，每当妈妈烘烤祖母著名的磅饼时，面糊的香气会充满整个房间。
15.B　根据空后的orders began rushing in可知，妈妈烤的磅饼十分有名。
16.A　根据后半句like the arms of my grandmother holding me可知，妈妈烤磅饼时，“我”总会待在旁边。每次“我”都会感到一种亲近感，犹如祖母用双臂抱住“我”一样。
17.C　根据后半句they always found something was missing可知，妈妈并没有对磅饼的配方保密。尽管其他人在尽力模仿妈妈做的磅饼，但他们总会发现还是缺了点什么。
18.D　参见上题解析。
19.C　根据该段尾句中的like all the others who tried可知，“我”知道总有一天“我”也会尝试烘焙这著名的磅饼。但要是“我”也像其他人一样，没有烘焙磅饼的制胜法宝，那该怎么办呢？
20.B　参见上题解析。
21.D　根据句中的I purchased all the ingredients可知，“我”买了所有的原料，一切准备就绪。
22.B　根据上句中I ran into the kitchen and took out that cake pan以及下段中Using the 　26　 cake pan that my grandmother used to bake her cakes可知，“我”是使用祖母蛋糕烤盘的第三代人。
23.D　根据文章首句中的but a pleasant dessert created a bridge connecting me to her可知，“我”又不禁想象那座把“我”和祖母紧紧联系在一起的桥梁。
24.D　根据第一段最后一句I would run into the kitchen， waiting to taste the batter.和本句后半句I was now the one in the kitchen可知，“我”不再是曾经那个跑到厨房里，等着尝面糊的小女孩了，相反，“我”成了厨房里烤制磅饼的人。
25.B　参见上题解析。
26.A　根据上段中I ran into the kitchen and took out that cake pan可知，“我”用祖母用过的同一个蛋糕烤盘，完美展示了“我”对家庭食谱的传承。
27.C　参见上题解析。
28.A　根据第二段最后两句I knew one day I would have to ...make this family recipe？可知，“我”将这个家庭传统视作珍宝。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Trisha Prabhu致力于帮助年轻读者成为有责任心的数字公民。本文是她对自己写的第一本书的介绍。
29.was published　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语on 31 May 2022可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；主语My first book和动词publish之间是被动关系。故填was published。
30.a　考查冠词。a series of一系列，为固定短语。
31.ranging　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰lessons，且lessons和range之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填ranging。
32.founder　考查词形转换。根据空前的the可知，设空处与CEO并列作as的宾语，意为“创立者”，应用名词。故填founder。
33.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词app，且在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
34.to　考查介词。guide to sth意为“关于某物的指南”。
35.educational　考查词形转换。根据语境可知，设空处与fun、relatable和impactful之间是并列关系，共同作表语，意为“有教育意义的”，应用形容词。故填educational。
36.to solve　考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth意为“努力做某事”。
37.written　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰book，且write与book之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。故填written。
38.parents　考查名词复数。根据educators and可知，设空处意为“父母”，表示泛指。故填复数形式parents。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
基础知识自测
维度一
1.entertainments　2.device　3.mobile
维度二
1.percentage　2.entertainment
维度三
1.The percentage of girls majoring in
2.for entertainment
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。人们在社交媒体上发布实际生活的美化版，实际上对自己的精神健康有害无益。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，我们在社交媒体上发布实际生活的美化版，是为了给我们的网友留下深刻印象。接着第三段举了索菲娅的例子，她和男友吵架之后还发布美文，甚至附带照片，其目的就是使别人相信她那个美化后的故事。
2.B　推理判断题。作者在第一段中直接表明态度，即在社交媒体上发布美化版的生活有损自己的精神健康；下文进一步讲到在网络上美化故事会改变及破坏我们的记忆。由此推断，作者的写作基调是批判的。
3.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，美化我们的经历实际是在改变我们的记忆，事实上真正的记忆不论多么尴尬或不适，回忆起来都是健康的甚至是愉快的。文章在此用In fact强调，说明很多人没有意识到这个道理。
4.D　主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句可知，在网络上美化故事实际是在破坏我们的记忆，使我们忘记真正的记忆。由此可见，美化我们的经历最终将伤害我们自己。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，电子设备的使用意味着父母不能给孩子提供有意义的情感支持和积极的反馈，父母应该花更多时间与孩子进行面对面的交流。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段首句及尾句可知，“科技入侵”导致父母与子女之间的面对面交流减少。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知，来自172个双亲家庭的父母回答了关于家庭关系的在线问卷。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句及第四段第一句可知，However前后为转折关系，其前介绍科技带来的好处。由此推知，其后应介绍其缺点：电子设备的使用意味着父母不能给孩子提供有意义的情感支持和积极的反馈。由此猜测，画线词意为“缺点”，与disadvantages含义相近。
8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者建议父母花更多时间与孩子进行面对面的交流。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个名为A Gift of Kindness的新网站，该网站鼓励人们分享好人好事，以纪念100岁去世的Tom Moore上尉。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，Tom Moore在媒体亮相主要是为了筹钱。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的by building a website called A Gift of Kindness.The idea came to Sir Tom’s daughter Hannah Ingram-Moore while she was eating with her family around the dinner table on a recent evening可知，一次家庭讨论让Hannah Ingram-Moore想到了建网站。
11.B　目的意图题。根据第三段首句和第四段中The website passes on Moore’s spirit serving as a message board for telling stories of kindness ...how that feels可知，建立网站的目的是让Tom Moore的精神延续下去。
12.C　推理判断题。根据第四段首句以及This has traveled across the Atlantic可推断，该网站很有影响力。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，在脑力劳动休息期间使用手机并不能真正让大脑放松，实际上会导致更差的表现。
13.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，人们在完成一项大任务后会拿起智能手机是为了休息放松。
14.D　推理判断题。根据第二段描述可知，这项研究是通过研究不同的休息方式进行的。
15.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的the phone may carry increasing levels of distraction that make it difficult to return focused attention to work tasks可知，这项研究表明智能手机会分散人们的注意力。
16.B　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其第一段中的However， a new study finds that cellphone use during a mental break doesn’t really allow the brain to relax and can actually result in a poorer performance.可知，作者的写作目的是提出一项新的研究发现。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。每个人的学习方式都不一样，找到适合自己的学习方式将会促进对不同信息的理解。
17.D　上文讲到可以尝试不同的学习方式。比如在研究论题时，可以去图书馆咨询图书馆资料员，下文讲到在这之后就可以开始试用不同的学习方法了。由此推断，设空处应该是与空前内容相似的另一个例子。D项（或者向你学校的指导顾问咨询一些信息）符合语境。
18.E　根据上句可知，可以通过搜索网站，做一些小测试，得到不同的结果。E项（这可能表明，结合不同的学习方式，你学得最好）符合语境，E项中的This指代前面的get different results。
19.F　根据本段主旨句可知，要结合个人经历选择学习方式，空前介绍自我评估结果可为你提供适合你的学习方式，设空处应引出个人因素。F项（然而，花点时间考虑一下你的个人喜好是很重要的）与本段主旨句呼应。
20.B　根据设空位置可知，空处为本段主旨句。根据段中Talk to your current or past teachers.Ask them for tips about how to improve your quality of learning.可知，本段主要介绍向专业人士请教一些学习方法。B项中professor与空后的teachers相呼应，B项能够概括本段的内容。
21.G　空前一句讲到一旦你确定了自己的学习方式，你就可以调整自己的学习经历，这样可以帮助你学得又快又轻松，设空处应对上文进行解释。G项（例如，如果你发现自己是一个视觉学习者，在接触新话题时使用图像）承接上文。
Ⅲ.
　　Hello， everyone！
　　I’m a fan of e-books.I think they are convenient.My eReader is about a book’s size but much thinner.I can download my desired books online in a minute or two.Besides， they help me with my reading.My eReader offers me chances to write a lot of notes and save them on the page.If I read an English article， I can look up strange words quickly in the digital dictionary included in the reader.The words are saved on my vocabulary list for future review.
　　These advantages have helped me read a lot of books.
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.request　2.journal　3.quitted/quit　4.badminton
5.Somehow　6.revealing
维度二
1.scary　2.appreciation　3.journalist　4.revealing
5.addiction
维度三
1.Weather permitting
2.as if he had seen it with his own eyes before
3.was lost in thought
4.nothing is more important than health
维度四
1.to　2.when　3.knocking　4.without　5.hardest
6.disconnected　7.appreciate　8.eyes　9.a
10.more beautiful
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国建造新工厂来处理电子垃圾，以获得用于铸币和金条的贵金属。文章介绍了电子垃圾的危害以及新工厂的优点。
1.A　词义猜测题。根据文章首句，即画线词所在句可知，英国皇家造币厂宣布了建造新工厂的计划，该工厂将对电子垃圾进行处理，以获得用于铸币和金条的贵金属。故画线词意为“获得”。
2.B　细节理解题。第三段最后两句谈到，据估计，全球只有20%的旧电子产品被回收。这不仅仅是一种浪费；这可能很危险，因为当电子垃圾被埋在垃圾场时，金属和化学物质会泄漏出来，污染环境。由此可知，旧电子产品如果不回收利用会造成环境污染问题。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中安妮·杰索普所说的话可知，新工厂将使皇家造币厂成为可持续使用贵金属的领导者。由此推断，Anne Jessopp认为新工厂是有前途的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个研究小组开发的一种芯片——光子芯片，该芯片有可能培训机器学习硬件。
4.A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，光子芯片有待进一步完善。由此推断，光子芯片仍有缺陷。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，现在研究人员已使加快训练步伐本身成为可能。
6.B　观点态度题。根据第五段中Volker所说It is a major jump forward for AI hardware speeding-up和第六段最后一句可知，Volker是支持光子芯片的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何以适当的方式参与数字世界给出了一些建议。
7.B　空前两句提到了使用手机的不良习惯。结合空后一句可知，空处与下文构成转折关系，应指出上文提到的不良习惯可能难以改变。B项（这可能难以改变）符合语境。
8.A　空处位于段首，为本段主旨句。根据空后一句可知，本段建议我们关闭一些推送通知，删除一些社交媒体应用。A项（设定一些基本界限）符合语境。
9.F　空前一句提到不要拿着手机睡觉。结合空后一句可推知，空处应陈述把手机放在身边睡觉的坏处。F项（睡觉时把手机放在枕头旁边充电并不理想）符合语境。
10.E　空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据空前一句可知，列出这些活动后，当我们有玩手机的冲动时，就可能参考列出的清单，尝试做自己喜欢的事情。E项（当你有想要拿起手机的冲动时，试试这些爱好吧）符合语境。
11.G　根据空前一句可推知，空处应陈述什么才是真正的数字极简主义。G项（总之，你应该有意识地了解我们何时以及如何使用社交媒体）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了首位航海环游世界的女性Jeanne Baret。
12.B　根据空后的and determined to leave her small village to see what lay beyond可知，Jeanne是个有好奇心的人。
13.C　根据上句Little did she know how far she would go.可知，雄心壮志就像一场巨大的风暴，把你带到未知的地方。
14.D　Jeanne的第一次冒险是到一个附近的小镇。
15.B　根据本段中的She found work as a housekeeper和more than house cleaning ...he made her his assistant可知，Commerson依赖Jeanne，由于赏识她的智慧，让她做自己的助手。
16.A　参见上题解析。
17.A　当时正值启蒙运动时期，人们探索世界的热情高涨，国王路易十五批准人们进行环球探险，并任命Commerson为旅途中的植物学专家。
18.B　参见上题解析。
19.D　参见第17题解析。
20.D　根据上段中的he made her his assistant和下句中的Except she was a woman可知，Commerson在环球行中，需要他的助理。
21.C　根据上句中的he would need his ...和下句中的Commerson boarded the ship with the aid of his cabin （船舱） boy可知，当时女士不被允许登船。
22.A　根据后半句Commerson boarded the ship with the aid of his cabin （船舱） boy可知，表面看起来，Commerson放弃了带自己助理的想法，因为他只在一个男孩的帮助下上了船。
23.A　根据上句和本空所在句Commerson boarded the ship with the aid of his cabin （船舱） boy ...to be a woman可知，启航后，Commerson带到船上的男孩被发现是位女士。
24.C　根据下段中it was unusual for a woman to achieve what she did可知，Jeanne被发现是女士后，她的重要性也显示了出来，所以人们不能将她赶下船。
25.C　根据上半句History is vague （模糊的） on the partnership between Jeanne and Philibert可知，Jeanne可能没有被给予她应得的荣誉。
26.B　根据语境，尤其是本句中的it was unusual for a woman to achieve what she did可知，Jeanne不仅坐船环游世界，还为旅行中的植物发现作出了自己的贡献，作为一位女性，这种成就是很少见的。
Ⅳ.
　　That frightening day finally arrived.As I entered the classroom， I kept trying to convince myself， “Just cheer up， OK？ This can’t be that bad.” Now it was my turn.As I stood in front of the class， which was far away from my comfort zone， I kept repeating to myself，“Courage！ Relax！ Take it easy！ Just perform your best！” It turned out that I did such a great job that all the students applauded my performance warmly.
　　I left the classroom as if a heavy load had been lifted.Although that experience nearly killed me， I felt a great sense of personal accomplishment on my way home.I was so proud of myself and I frankly didn’t care what anyone else thought about my performance.What really mattered was that I had survived.Stepping out of your comfort zone will never be easy， but afterward you’ll always be glad you did it.
UNIT 4　Scientists who changed the world
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.intended　2.postponed　3.experiments　4.trial
5.province　6.conducted　7.sufficient　8.surrounded
9.charge　10.deadly
维度二
1.intention　2.survival　3.limited　4.beneficial
5.illustration　6.wisdom　7.containers　8.deadliest
维度三
1.it was his strong determination that made a difference
2.Without electricity； would be
3.Learning to refer to a dictionary
4.the first female athlete to win
5.too relaxed even to read a book
维度四
1.to receive　2.contribution　3.to find　4.Inspired　5.in　6.equipment　7.containers　8.off　9.beneficial　10.which
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。凌晨，Bertozzi接到电话被告知获得了诺贝尔奖。文章介绍了她研究的内容，斯坦福大学校长对她的评价以及她接受采访时的情景。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段和下文内容可知，凌晨1点43分，Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，这个电话通知Bertozzi获奖了。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology， to solve practical problems可知，Bertozzi的实验室运用这些新方法来开发一种治疗癌症的新药。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句描述研究成果的后续使用方向可推知，她的发现非常有价值。由此可知，画线部分所在句子意为“作为化学界最有价值的突破，她的工作在现实世界中产生了显著的影响”，a crown jewel意为“最有价值的突破”。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry可知，Bertozzi因创立生物正交化学领域而受到认可；根据第四段中In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry， Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes可知，Bertozzi发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，由此推知Bertozzi是有开拓性的；根据第五段对Bertozzi的采访及最后一段中“My family has ...Go back to sleep！”可知，她是幽默的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了俄国数学家Sofia Kovalevskaya。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第二段中Kovalevskaya wanted to continue her studies in mathematics可知，小时候的Kovalevskaya痴迷于学习数学。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，在1874年，Kovalevskaya关于偏微分方程的论文使她获得了欧洲数学界的认可。
7.D　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了Kovalevskaya所获得的奖项及荣誉，即主要介绍了她的成就。本段中的chair意为“大学教授的职位”。
8.D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，Kovalevskaya不仅极具天赋，而且在追求数学的道路上意志坚定，不畏困难、不惧挑战，最终取得成功。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了依靠勤奋和努力而成功的科学家比天生才华横溢的科学家更能鼓舞人心。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant可知，那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college可知，很多在校期间追求科学事业的学生在大学毕业后就放弃了从事与科学相关的事业，也就是说从事科学事业的学生会更少，而这正是科学界所担忧的事情。
11.C　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，参与者完成一系列的数学题是受到爱迪生的故事的鼓舞；再根据最后一段中的关键句Edison， on the other hand， is known for failing more than 1，000 times when trying to create the light bulb， and his success is linked to his efforts.可知，爱迪生在尝试发明灯泡时失败了1000多次，他的成功与他的努力有关。综合得知，这些受到爱迪生故事鼓舞的参与者相信通过努力和勤奋可以解决问题，所以他们才有动力去完成一系列数学题。
12.D　标题归纳题。第一段点明本文主旨，再结合下文内容可知，本文主要阐述的是那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。D项中的Einstein代指天生才华横溢的科学家，Edison代指以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家，即“天生才华横溢的科学家不如以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家鼓舞人心”，因此，D项最能概括文章主旨，适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好科学家应该具备的一些品质。
13.F　上文指出一位好科学家的品质可能因为专业不同而在某种程度上有所不同，但每一位科学家都需要在高中和大学的科学课上打好基础，同时对数学有好的领悟力。由此可知，打好科学基础对从事科学事业的人来说很重要。F项中的These basic classes指代上文中的science classes。
14.D　本段指出科学家最普遍的两个品质是有好奇心和耐心。根据空后的they want to learn what makes everything work可知，科学家对他们周围的世界很好奇。D项中的curious与上文中的curiosity是原词复现关系，空后的they指代D项中的Scientists。
15.G　上文指出即使大多数实验都失败了，乐观主义也能让科学家不断地进行实验，下文指出科学家要有耐心多次重做实验以证明结果。由此可知，空处应该与失败的实验给科学家带来的好处相关。G项中的failed experiments呼应上文中的experiment after experiment和most of them fail。
16.C　根据本空后的noticing even tiny observations and remembering and recording them可知，科学家需要更多地关注细节。C项中的details呼应下文中的tiny observations。
17.B　本段指出科学家需要具备的另外一个品质——有包容的心态，愿意接受不同的意见。B项中的He or she指代上文中的A good scientist，且accept与上文中的accept是原词复现关系。shade此处作动词，意为“隐瞒，掩饰”。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.used　2.held　3.taken　4.waiting　5.Based
6.surprised　7.astonished　8.spent　9.Raised　10.filled
维度二
1.see her mother taken good care of　2.Dressed in a beautiful skirt　3.have fast food delivered　4.Compared with other students　5.informed of the latest news
6.much homework unfinished
维度三
1.Born in a mountain village　2.damaged in the heavy rain
3.set up by an old expert　4.faced with a natural disaster
5.have their conSection Ⅲ　Integrated skills
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.The only evidence of pandas was their t　　　　 in the snow.
2.The company is trying to create a young energetic i　　　　　　.
3.Few countries have as rich a diversity of natural h　　　　　　 as South Africa.
4.　　　　　　 （鹿） hunting was banned in Scotland in 1959.
5.The 　　　　　　（鲨鱼） was writhing around wildly， trying to get free.
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.A 　　　　　　（track） is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints.
2.His 　　　　　　（apply） for membership of the organization was rejected.
3.To be honest， the young man is an 　　　　　　（absolute） brilliant singer.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.His name 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　immediately.
他的名字没有立即出现在我的脑海中。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the children’s comings and goings.
很难跟得上孩子们的行踪。
3.As the demand for products rises， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
随着对产品需要的增加，其价格也会上涨。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens， New York， last November， she planned to go hiking and bird-watching.Bingo！
　　A mile into her walk， she spotted a beautiful female mute swan （疣鼻天鹅） near the water’s edge.Cordova-Rojas， 30， who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund recovery center in Manhattan， knew that mute swans can be battlesome.But as she approached this one， it didn’t move.She was certain that the bird needed medical attention.Cordova-Rojas placed her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm， carefully picked it up， and held it in her arms.And then a thought struck her：What do I do now？
　　Her best bet was the recovery center， but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town.How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way？ Luckily，some strangers driving by offered her， her bike， and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station.She worried others might be disturbed.However， on the subway， no one seemed particularly fazed by the feathered passenger.One guy， says Cordova-Rojas， was “sitting right in front of me on his phone.I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him”.
　　Cordova-Rojas called the recovery center， and Tristan Higginbotham，an animal-care manager， picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird， the bike， and the rescuer to the facility.There，staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning.
　　The staff got the swan back up on her feet.She even made a boyfriend at the center — another injured swan.Sadly， even with all that tender loving care， the swan fell ill with a bacterial infection.Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue， she passed away.
　　It’s a disappointing ending， but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city literally.In all， Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot， car， and subway （with her bike）.“That’s the perfect summary of who she is，” says Higginbotham.
1.How did Cordova-Rojas know the swan was in trouble？（　　）
A.She noticed a scar on the swan.
B.She found the swan trapped in water.
C.The swan was behaving in an abnormal way.
D.The swan attacked her when she came near it.
2.What does the underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 3 mean？（　　）
A.On top of the world. B.In the wrong.
C.On the rocks. D.At a loss.
3.How was the swan’s life at the recovery center？（　　）
A.The swan enjoyed its staying there.
B.Many people came to visit the swan.
C.The swan suffered a lot of pain there.
D.The swan’s life there was totally disappointing.
4.What sort of person was Cordova-Rojas？（　　）
A.Curious and generous. B.Caring and thoughtful.
C.Energetic and independent. D.Sensible and straightforward.
B
　　Textile （纺织品） waste is a growing problem for our environment.The Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） reported the US throws away more than 11 million tons of clothing every year.That is why some small businesses spotting the problem are beginning to recycle in ways they haven’t done before.
　　Create Good Company is a clothing company that tries to produce sustainable （可持续的） clothing and repurpose older clothing into updated fashionable items.Maggie Hendricks， the owner of Create Good Company， said， “If you can revamp what you find， why wouldn’t you do that instead of buying new things？ It’s a big issue not to create new waste.I would say we are 90% recycled materials.”
　　According to the EPA， the average consumer throws away 81.5 pounds of clothes every year.“Anywhere between 10%－17% of the waste that’s going into landfills is made up of things like textiles and clothing，” said Danny Katz with the CoPIRG Foundation.“A lot of the clothing that we’re producing doesn’t even get worn， so it’s going right to the landfill or even being burned and contributing to pollution that way.It’s really worrying.”
　　This is why businesses like Create Good Company exist — to use outdated clothing and turn it into dresses or jackets.
　　“There’s just so much waste and so many big companies that might not think about it，” Hendricks said.“Just standing with other like-minded people who are interested in sustainability is important.”
　　Another important element Hendricks has focused on is creating these items and selling them at an affordable price.
　　“Sustainability sometimes is greenwashed in companies and they make things more expensive，” Hendricks said.“That’s not how we become a sustainable world.I think making products affordable is important to me.I want to buy things that are better for the environment without throwing my pocketbook in the fire.”
5.What does the underlined word “revamp” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Share. B.Decorate.
C.Replace. D.Improve.
6.What makes Danny Katz worried？（　　）
A.The use of old clothing. B.The cost of textile pollution.
C.The effect of clothing waste. D.The future of the textile industry.
7.What does Hendricks care more about when it comes to a sustainable product？（　　）
A.Its sales. B.Its price.
C.Its producer. D.Its quality.
8.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.The EPA’s Measures to Reduce Textile Waste
B.Small Businesses Working to Prevent Textile Waste
C.Textile Businesses’ Social Responsibility and Their Waste
D.Consumers Being Aware of the Seriousness of Textile Waste
C
　　（2024·江苏泰州高一期中）A new study says the Amazon rainforest is nearing a tipping point （临界点） in its decline that could see the biologically rich and diverse ecosystem turned into a savannah （热带草原）.
　　“The Amazon is losing its ability to recover from disturbances like drought and extreme weather.Deforestation and climate change are likely the main drivers of this decline，” study co-author Niklas Boers said in a statement.The researchers say they’ve found evidence of this decline across 75 per cent of the Amazon.
　　“It’s worth reminding ourselves that if it gets to that tipping point and we commit to losing the Amazon rainforest， we will get significant feedback on global climate change，” said Timothy Lenton，a scientist and co-author of the study.
　　The research team looked at three decades’ worth of satellite data， paying close attention to trees and other plants after extreme events.The researchers concluded that the forest， which is essential for oxygen production and carbon sequestration（碳封存）， has been losing its resilience for the last two decades.
　　The researchers say the forest is nearing a tipping point， but the arrival date is unclear as a number of factors can push it closer to or farther from that edge.It’s just too challenging to estimate when the change may occur.But the scientists warn that once the tipping point has been crossed，the change could happen quickly.
　　The news comes after the Amazon recorded record levels of deforestation in Brazil in January.Animal agriculture is causing deforestation in the Amazon， as Brazil is now the world’s top beef exporter.Last November， the EU took steps to ban beef linked to deforestation.“What we propose is a pioneering initiative，” Virginijus Sinkevicius，the EU environment commissioner， said.“The EU action alone will not solve the problem.We also need major markets like the US to clean up their supply chain.”
9.What can we learn from the study？（　　）
A.The Amazon rainforest is in danger of changing into grassland.
B.The Amazon rainforest has reached the point of no return.
C.Scientists are convinced that the change could happen quickly.
D.Scientists are unclear about what is responsible for the decline.
10.What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？（　　）
A.The ability to predict the future.
B.The ability to rise to challenges.
C.The ability to remain unchanged.
D.The ability to go back to normal.
11.What does the EU environment commissioner expect？（　　）
A.Deforestation will become easy to deal with.
B.The export of beef should be banned.
C.More countries should join hands.
D.The EU should adopt strict measures.
12.What is the text likely to be？（　　）
A.An adventure diary. B.A scientific report.
C.An official proposal. D.A biology textbook.
D
　　Have you ever noticed the birdsong you used to wake up to as a child has been thinning？ Such has been the case in Australia for the endangered eastern bristlebird， with its numbers declining dramatically in the past 40 years.
　　At first glance， there is nothing too unique about the eastern bristlebird.Its song， while beautiful，doesn’t stand out in a typical Australian forest.Since the 1980s， researchers have been trying to understand why the eastern bristlebird has seen such rapid decline.Time and again， fires taking place unexpectedly come up as the main factor — along with the increase in fire frequency， climate change and habitat loss.
　　Fire can be deadly for many wild animals， but there is something special about the bristlebird that makes it particularly vulnerable （易受……伤害的） to large， frequent fires.Eastern bristlebirds，despite being able to fly， appear not to appreciate the view of a top story.They don’t choose to live in the treetops， or even on lower branches of trees.They prefer low， dense vegetation （植被）.
　　This habitat structure is important for many small animals even less noticeable than the bristlebird， such as spiders， beetles and worms.This means the bristlebird can act like an indicator how the entire understory ecosystem is doing.Unfortunately， low， dense vegetation is often the first to burn and disappear during a fire.Worse still，it takes years for an understory to recover fully.
　　The eastern bristlebird may only be one fire away from extinction， signaling a possible collapse of their ground-level ecosystem.However， all hope was not lost as this knowledge had led to emergency rescues of bristlebirds.And translocation programs， which have been an important strategy for saving almost every vulnerable native Australian species， are in place for this little unremarkable bird.
13.What do we know about the eastern bristlebird from the passage？（　　）
A.It can not fly high.
B.It has unique appearance.
C.Its song is highly appreciated.
D.Its situation has attracted great attention.
14.Which is the main reason for bristlebirds’ decline？（　　）
A.Unexpected fires.
B.Frequent fires.
C.Lack of habitat.
D.Global warming.
15.What makes bristlebird vulnerable to fires？（　　）
A.Its importance in ecosystem.
B.Its appreciation for top story.
C.Its preference for low habitat.
D.Its influence on small animals.
16.What can we expect of bristlebirds in the future？（　　）
A.Their decline is likely to slow down.
B.Their numbers will increase rapidly.
C.They may save the entire ecosystem.
D.They will disappear with one more fire.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Mars is truly a fascinating planet for us on Earth.17.（　　） It is about one seventh as big as Earth and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its red surface.
　　The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system — Olympus Mons.18.（　　） That’s about three times the height of Mount Qomolangma.
　　Mars also has an atmosphere， but it is very thin and made up mostly of carbon dioxide.Because of its thin atmosphere and greater distance from the Sun， Mars is much colder than Earth.19.（　　） The dust storms of Mars can grow so big that sometimes they blanket the entire planet and last for months.The poles on Mars are a lot like Antarctica， capped by ice， but much of Mars’ ice is made from carbon dioxide， not water.
　　Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer some of the key questions about our planet Earth， or even the universe.
　　20.（　　） Since 1960， more than half of all attempted Mars missions have failed.The USA， Russia， the European Space Agency， and several other countries or agencies have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet.Nevertheless， they will still continue their explorations.Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars， in spite of the many challenges.The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched from Wenchang around 2020.But it is only the beginning of deep voyages into outer space.21.（　　）
A.It is roughly 27 kilometres high.
B.Missions to Mars have never been easy.
C.Mars， however， today has no active volcanoes.
D.The temperature at the planet’s surface varies widely.
E.However， Mars does have weather， with clouds and winds.
F.China will continue to explore the mysteries of the universe.
G.It is one of the few planets that we can see with our own eyes.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华，最近得知国际动物保护协会正在招募志愿者，你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给该协会负责人写一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.介绍自己；2.申请理由；3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
5 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.He has returned to South Africa from his long o　　　　　　 trip.
2.The old ginkgo tree has survived for m　　　　　　 of years.
3.We divide into pairs and each pair takes a r　　　　　　.
4.Many of the hairpins are different v　　　　　　 of plastic flowers.
5.The storm caused some 　　　　　　（损坏） to some houses， but they were not destroyed.
6.As is known to all， humans take in 　　　　　　（氧气） and breathe out carbon dioxide.
7.Now that you have 　　　　　　（大量） of work to do， you don’t have to help me with the housework.
8.The rare mountain grass is said to be in danger of 　　　　　　（灭绝） in the near future.
9.The young singer remains a 　　　　　　（出色的） figure in rock and roll.
10.A good way to protect 　　　　　　（物种）is to let them go back to forests and live freely.
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.The polluted water from the factory is， of course， 　　　　　　（harm）.
2.The local government has taken measures to prevent the rare animals from 　　　　　　（extinct）.
3.He died six weeks later of a 　　　　　　（mass） heart attack.
4.The Garden’s menu is based on Hawaiian 　　　　　　（region） cuisine.
5.The police are investigating the 　　　　　　（disappear） of key files on the killers.
6.This country is a traditional 　　　　　　（agriculture）society， with a majority of farming population.
7.Nature mainly refers to 　　　　　　（live）things， including plants and animals in the wild.
8.At that time， people were divided geographically， leading to 　　　　　　（vary） of dialects and characters.
9.My bedroom is four meters in 　　　　　　（long） and three meters in width.
10.The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle.There were no 　　　　　　（survive）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.由于有很多家庭作业要做，小男孩只好一整天都待在家里。（独立主格结构）
　　　　　　　　　　　　， the little boy had to stay at home all day.
2.这种塑料很难在短时间内分解。（break down）
This kind of plastic 　　　　　　　　　　　　in a short time.
3.他把地址弄错了，为此他向我们道歉。（“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
He got the address wrong， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.山脚下坐落着一个小村庄。（完全倒装句）
At the foot of the mountain 　　　　　　　　　　.
5.尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得非常好。（while引导让步状语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， they got on quite well in the summer camp.
6.在过去的五到十年里，这些住宿加早餐的地方在一些地方很受欢迎。 （“介词＋the past/last＋时间段”与现在完成时连用）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， these bed-and-breakfast places 　　　　　　　　　popular in some places.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Covering more than half 1.　　　　　　 size of China， the Amazon rainforest， whose name 2.　　　　　　 （get） from the Amazon River， plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.3.　　　　　　 the richest biodiversity on the Earth， the Amazon rainforest’s different levels are home to various living things， 4.　　　　　　 （provide） food and shelter for an unbelievable variety of wildlife.There are more than 1，300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals 5.　　　　　　 （live） in this forest.This jaguar is one example.When a jaguar dies， a tiny army of microorganisms helps break 6.　　　　　　 its body and return the 7.　　　　　　 （nutrient） to the earth.Though 8.　　　　　　 （know） as the “lungs of the planet”， much of the Amazon rainforest is in danger of 9.　　　　　　　　 （disappear） and more species are dying out.We cannot afford 10.　　　　　　　　 （damage） the “lungs of the planet”.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Douglas Thron’s love for animals began when he was a little kid.After he grew up， Thron worked as a photographer for shows like Discovery Channel’s Shark Week， filming the great white sharks off the coast of Santa Cruz， California.But Thron says it was the Paradise fire in California in 2018 that pushed him to do animal rescue work.
　　At the time， Thron was filming a man who was rescuing cats after the fire using a special camera.The camera uses heat to look for the animals at night.Thron and the man talked about how wonderful it would be to put one on a drone （无人机） to search for animals more easily.He explains that flying a drone over a big disaster gives you a real feel for how serious the disaster is.He adds， “You definitely get inspired to drop everything to help as much as possible.The feeling I get when I rescue an animal is an unbelievable feeling， so it just keeps me going.”
　　The first animal Thron ever rescued was a dog after a hurricane happened， which destroyed hundreds of houses.Thron tested out flying a drone and found the dog in the middle of where hundreds of houses had been destroyed.“I flew the drone over and I found him.Nobody claimed him after 30 days so I adopted him， and he’s a super wonderful dog，” he says.
　　Thron adds that he’s been going non-stop since then.His TV show Doug to the Rescue shows some of his heart-warming animal rescues， including those after Hurricane Laura in Louisiana in 2020 and after fires in Northern California and Oregon.Thron also helped rescue koalas after the horrible fires ravaged parts of Australia and burned down a number of houses in 2020， using drones for the first time there to help locate so many animals.
1.Why did Douglas Thron film the great white sharks before 2018？（　　）
A.He wanted to protect them. B.They were his favourite animals.
C.It was part of his work. D.He did so to get close to nature.
2.What is the key to finding an animal at night by using the special camera？（　　）
A.The animal’s size.
B.The animal’s loud noise.
C.The animal’s living habit.
D.The animal’s body temperature.
3.What can we know about the first animal that Douglas Thron ever rescued？（　　）
A.It’s now living with Thron.
B.It was claimed after being found.
C.Thron found it through its barks in ruins.
D.It’s helping Thron find other trapped animals.
4.What does the underlined word “ravaged” in the last paragraph probably mean？（　　）
A.Protected. B.Destroyed.
C.Changed. D.Improved.
B
　　In the past 30 years， the non-profit organization Friends of Trees planted trees along the streets of Portland， Oregon.Now， a new study shows that each tree planted is connected with great reductions in non-accidental and cardiovascular （心血管的） death.
　　Evidence pointing to a connection between exposure to nature and less death is obvious.Between 1990 and 2020， Friends of Trees planted 49，246 street trees.The research team looked at the number of trees planted in a given area in the past 5， 10 or 15 years.They connected this information with death due to cardiovascular， respiratory （呼吸的） or non-accidental causes in that same area， using data from the Oregon Health Authority.The results showed that in neighbourhoods in which more trees had been planted， death rates were lower.This negative connection was significant for cardiovascular and non-accidental death rates， particularly for males and people over the age of 65.
　　Furthermore， the connection got stronger as trees aged and grew： The reduction in death rates connected with trees planted 11－15 years before was double that observed with trees planted in the past 1－5 years.This means that older trees are connected with larger decreases in death and that protecting existing grown trees may be particularly important for public health.
　　This study doesn’t provide a direct opinion about how trees improve health.However， the finding that large trees have a greater health effect than smaller ones is obvious， because larger trees are better at absorbing air pollution， adjusting temperatures， and reducing noise.
　　“We observed the effect both in green and less green neighbourhoods， which suggests street tree planting benefits both，” says Geoffrey H.Donovan， first author of the study.“Besides， the benefits of tree planting is greatly more valuable than the cost.Our results provide important evidence for clear interventions （e.g.planting trees） to increase the lifetime of urban people，” adds Donovan.
5.How long did Friends of Trees spend planting 49，246 street trees？（　　）
A.About 5 years. B.About 10 years.
C.About 15 years. D.About 30 years.
6.What can we learn from the research？（　　）
A.Women gain no benefit from trees.
B.Trees can improve health in various ways.
C.Older trees contribute more to public health.
D.Trees grow well in green and less green communities.
7.What does Donovan mean in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.We should get close to nature.
B.We should protect older trees.
C.We should plant more street trees.
D.We should join the Friends of Trees.
8.How does the author mainly develop the topic of the text？（　　）
A.By listing numbers.
B.By stating results.
C.By describing processes.
D.By making comparisons.
C
　　On 1 April 2021， 24-year-old Jibin Madhu packed a bag with a few clothes and other necessities and left his home in search of a job.But he was certain that a full-time job would never work for him as he wanted to explore new things.So， he decided to spend many days at different destinations， work somewhere for not more than a month， earn money and travel to another place.
　　“For as long as I can remember， I’ve been into travelling.Nearby hills， rivers and tourist places were the destinations at first，” says Jibin， a hotel management graduate.“But when I became a teenager， an all-India trip was always my dream.”
　　When finding jobs at different locations became a task and his wallet felt lighter， Jibin decided to start a food stall （摊位） on his bike.He had a kerosene stove （煤油炉） and a few utensils （器具） along with some rice.He bought some more things to serve noodles， bread and tea to travellers on his way.The kitchen was set up on the bike’s top box where water and kerosene were stored.Everything felt simple as he had previous experience in a kitchen.
　　In some areas， there were hardly any food stalls.Jibin began his business in these places and it was an immediate success.He earned 500－600 rupees per day from his two-wheeler food stall.
　　“More than the income from the stall， it was due to the kindness of people that I set out on my dream journey.While some offered me work， others provided me with a space to sleep.A man from Assam even gifted me a tent， as mine was broken in the middle，” he says.
　　While usual riders cover hundreds of kilometres a day， Jibin finds a destination and stays there for a few days getting to know its people and culture.This also helps him find small jobs too.
　　Jibin has plans to visit foreign countries on his two-wheeler.He is preparing himself and his bike for this big journey now.“Whatever happens， I’ll have my kerosene stove and utensils ready， which gives me the confidence of reaching my destination，” he says.
9.What might Jibin have been interested in at 24？（　　）
A.Having a cool bike. B.Finding a full-time job.
C.Making a cross-country journey. D.Graduating in hotel management.
10.What can we learn about Jibin’s food stall？（　　）
A.It had little competition. B.It sold packaged food.
C.It was set up for locals. D.It made no money at first.
11.What really impressed Jibin？（　　）
A.The challenges he met. B.The views along the way.
C.The friendliness of strangers. D.The food from different places.
12.What is the difference between Jibin and usual riders？（　　）
A.He makes no preparations before a ride.
B.He prefers experiencing local customs.
C.He changes destinations halfway through.
D.He likes riding without stops for a long time.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Stop Bagging Leaves！
　　Many animals depend on fallen leaves to survive.Although not directly related to leaves， a study shows North America has already lost 3 billion birds since 1970.13.（　　） Bagging leaves may cause birds to die.
　　Fallen leaves are nature’s way of renewing itself.14.（　　） Without the nutrients from decomposing （腐烂的） leaves， the grass in your garden requires chemical fertilizer （肥料）， which will run off into water sources and harm the environment.
　　When leaves are blown into the street， they flow down drains （下水道） and into rivers and streams.These water sources become blocked， and eventually， back up into streets.It will influence water quality in rivers and streams.15.（　　）
　　When leaves are bagged and sent to the landfill （废物填埋场）， they produce a greenhouse gas called methane （甲烷）， which will worsen the climate change problem.It’s important to note， however， that bagging leaves is not the problem — it’s what we do with the leaves that make the difference.
　　16.（　　） Cut the leaves into smaller pieces， allowing them to break down faster.Mix them into garden beds.If leaves are allowed to decompose and return to the soil， it can reduce the need for chemical fertilizer.
　　Try to practice environmentally friendly habits.Just by not bagging leaves， we can protect the natural habitats of lots of animals.17.（　　）
A.You may forget to bag them.
B.Birds feed on insects that live in fallen leaves.
C.It will also harm animals that depend on the water sources.
D.It won’t allow sunlight to reach the ground， and the grass will die.
E.And it will cut down on all that time spent filling and pulling bags！
F.Leaves provide nutrients that enrich the soil for growing plants in spring.
G.Experts have suggested some ways to maintain your yard， without bagging leaves.
5 / 5Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.I happened to meet my f　　　　　　 English teacher this morning， who I hadn’t seen for years.
2.Sometimes， we should focus more on the p　　　　　　 and less on the result.
3.She is going to r　　　　　　 useful rubbish to protect the environment.
4.Both sides consider it desirable to f　　　　　　 the understanding between the two peoples.
5.His whole life is a fight against 　　　　　　（贫穷） and unemployment.
6.There exists a wide range of different opinions among the 　　　　　　（委员会） members.
7.The pollution caused by cars in some cities leads to 　　　　　　（雾霾） and acid rain.
8.The local 　　　　　　（居民） were angry at the lack of parking spaces.
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.The twin sisters are 　　　　　　（entire） different in character.
2.The British once fought against 　　　　　　（pollute） for more than fifty years and finally succeeded.
3.Due to the ruling of Spain in history， Spanish is the 　　　　　　（office） language of Peru.
4.If she had been aware that the mushroom was 　　　　　　（poison）， she would not have picked it back.
5.As a 　　　　　　（consequent） of oversleeping this morning， I was late for school.
6.The production of coffee beans is a huge and 　　　　　　（profit） business， but full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.为了给钢琴腾出地方，他们把一张旧桌子丢弃了。（get rid of）
In order to make room for the piano， they 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.一个穿着白色裙子的姑娘进来了，梳着两条长辫子。（完全倒装）
　　　　　　　　 wearing a white skirt， with two long pigtails.
3.我爷爷尽管已经九十多岁了，仍然时不时地打打网球。 （even though引导让步状语从句）
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　There is an interview about the pollution in Norgate.James Smith， a local resident， has experienced the effects of pollution 1.　　　　　　 person.Because of the bad air， he doesn’t enjoy outdoor activities and can’t get rid 2.　　　　　　 a terrible cough.So he thinks heavy industry is 3.　　　　　　 blame.
　　However， Vincent Brown says 4.　　　　　　 defence of the factories that they are also concerned about the environment.They have been taking 5.　　　　　　 （vary） measures to reduce pollution.
　　The Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is trying to achieve a balance between environmental protection and 6.　　　　　　 （economy） development.It believes 7.　　　　　　 （fight） pollution is a community-wide effort 8.　　　　　　 which everyone should join.
　　In a word， environment and economy are 9.　　　　　　 （separate）.It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment while 10.　　　　　　 （aim） for economic development.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in Dali City， Yunnan Province.It’s a famous attraction， as well as Dali’s main source of drinking water.
　　The lake used to be seriously polluted due to the rapid development of tourism and the local economy.In 2019， the local authorities began to build environmental protection system for the lake — the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor — to protect it from being polluted and to restore its natural ecosystem.
　　The project contains five parts： a 129km road encircling the entire lake， a pipe system to stop wastewater flowing into the lake， the relocation of 1，806 households who lived within the protection area of the lake， the restoration of the lake’s wetlands and ecosystem， and the construction of experimental fields for wetland-restoration research.
　　By the end of 2020， the road encircling the lake had been basically completed.A 12km section of the corridor has been open to the public for free since September 2020 for a test operation.The project， which is a public-private partnership， has a total investment of 9.8 billion yuan.Local authorities of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and Dali City are the main sources of public funds.The corridor is described as a “pearl necklace” surrounding the lake， with the villages located along the shore of Erhai Lake being the “pearls”.These villages will benefit from the project economically， as they will be linked and gain access to enhanced transportation and tourism around the lake.
　　According to staff members of the project， the lake’s water quality has already improved a lot during the construction of the corridor.More migratory birds （候鸟） fly to the lake and there is less algae （海藻） in the water.It also provides a good place to exercise and go sightseeing for both the city’s residents and tourists.
1.Why was the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor built？（　　）
A.To treat wastewater. B.To protect wildlife.
C.To attract more tourists. D.To preserve local ecology.
2.Which of the following is involved in the project？（　　）
A.Removing wastewater from Erhai Lake.
B.Encouraging residents to settle around Erhai.
C.Conducting research into wetland restoration.
D.Promoting construction in the protection area.
3.What do we know about the “pearls” from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.They focus on the pearl industry.
B.They provide tourism opportunities.
C.They bring benefits to the Erhai Lake.
D.They profit from the Erhai Lake Ecological Corridor.
4.What do staff members think of the project？（　　）
A.It needs improving.
B.It works unexpectedly.
C.It turns out to be good.
D.It has advantages and disadvantages.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　5.（　　） They create carbon dioxide and shade.They provide shelter to animals and insects.The wood they provide is used for buildings and other products we humans use and need.
　　Trees are so important that some people have made it their goal to protect them.We can call these people “tree hugger”.It describes people who support the protection of forests.Today， the term “tree hugger” describes a person who is an environmentalist.6.（　　） For example， someone who wants to save a rare butterfly species or cut greenhouse gases could also be described as a tree hugger.
　　However， calling someone a “tree hugger” is not always seen as a praise.7.（　　） “Tree hugger” described someone who was overly concerned about protecting trees， animals and other parts of the natural world.
　　Some tree huggers do go to extremes to protect trees.Take， for example， an American woman named Julia Lorraine Hill.For 738 days from 10 December 1997 to 18 December 1999， Hill lived in Luna， a Redwood tree in northern California’s Humboldt County.Luna is huge， measuring nearly 61 meters tall and about 12 meters across， which has stood in Humboldt County for more than 1，000 years.8.（　　） So， Hill did what any extreme tree hugger would — she moved in！ As the website explains， Hill’s main goal was “to bring international attention to the importance of protecting and restoring natural resources”.So， we can safely call Hill a tree hugger.9.（　　）
A.Trees give so much to the world.
B.Human beings should all protect trees.
C.In earlier times， in fact， it was used as an insult （辱骂）.
D.And I’m sure that she would consider that the highest of praises.
E.They want to protect nature and the environment — but not just the trees.
F.Nowadays， the environmental problems are more serious than in the history.
G.But that did not stop the Pacific Lumber Company from wanting to cut it down.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　No matter how big or small， there are just some moments when we could use a little grace.Fourth-grade teacher Rachel Harder recognizes this， and she found an 　10　 way to help out both her students and their 　11　.
　　Rachel had a 　12　 with autism （自闭症） who often had tough days.To 　13　 her， Rachel told the student’s mom to 　14　 text her “handle with care” to let her 　15　 when it was going to be one of those days.
　　“When she would 　16　 me， I knew that her daughter needed some extra time and a 　17　 location， not the gym for morning announcements， 　18　 the rest of her day went smoothly，” Rachel said.
　　The simple method was such a 　19　 that Rachel decided to send all of her students home with a note for their parents.It explained what the “Handle with Care” system was and how they could 　20　 it.In no time， parents began to show their appreciation for Rachel’s wonderful act of 　21　.
　　Word of the amazing system spread， and teachers across the country began giving it a 　22　 in their own classrooms.The feedback has been extremely positive！
　　Even though teachers can sometimes 　23　 when a student is having a tough day just by the way they’re acting， Rachel said these simple texts 　24　 educators to make small changes in advance that， in turn， make the whole day better for everyone.
10.（　）A.affordable B.indirect
C.amazing D.interesting
11.（　）A.friends B.families
C.partners D.neighbours
12.（　）A.daughter B.workmate
C.sister D.student
13.（　）A.support B.satisfy
C.control D.comfort
14.（　）A.separately B.seriously
C.simply D.secretly
15.（　）A.guess B.know
C.decide D.remember
16.（　）A.text B.call
C.trust D.choose
17.（　）A.quiet B.safe
C.familiar D.central
18.（　）A.as if B.even if
C.now that D.so that
19.（　）A.shame B.shock
C.success D.surprise
20.（　）A.take care of B.take charge of
C.take hold of D.take advantage of
21.（　）A.bravery B.kindness
C.generosity D.charity
22.（　）A.try B.name
C.chance D.look
23.（　）A.accept B.tell
C.expect D.change
24.（　）A.warn B.teach
C.allow D.force
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Matt looked out the window of the car.Behind him was flat land， and ahead of him were purple mountains rising to the sky.He turned his head.“Why do I have to leave？”
　　His mom said， “Sweetie， I know you don’t want to go away for the summer.But I’ll be traveling for work and you can’t stay home alone.You’ll have fun with your grandparents.”
　　Matt lived with his mom in Nashville.He had been excited about spending the summer swimming at the pool and playing basketball with his friends at the court near their house.Instead， he was being shipped off to his grandparents’ house outside Erwin， Tennessee.
　　“Mom， what’s Erwin like？” Matt asked.
　　“It’s a beautiful town，” his mom said.“Behind your grandparents’ house is a creek （小河） where you can go fishing.There are also apple orchards （果园）.”
　　“Are there movie theaters？” Matt asked.“Swimming pools？”
　　His mom said， “You’ll have to ask your grandparents.There weren’t any the last time I was there， but maybe they’ve built some by now.”
　　Matt sank into his seat， very upset.Finally， before dark， the car pulled up in front of a wooden two-story house.Two people sat on the front porch （门廊）.As they rose， Matt saw how his grandparents moved slowly.They made their way to the car.
　　“Well，” Matt’s grandma said.“It’s good to meet you， Matt.” She pulled him into a hug.
　　At the dining room， Matt， his mom and his grandparents sat together for dinner.
　　“So， Grandpa，” said Matt.“What do kids do around here for fun？”
　　His grandpa looked at him.“Fun？ Well， they work.Or go fishing.”
　　Suddenly， Matt felt tears welling up in his eyes.This was going to be his summer.“Don’t cry in front of them，” he ordered himself.“Excuse me，” he said.“I’m tired.”
　　After he left the table， Matt heard his grandpa ask his mom， “Did I upset him？” There was a long silence and then his mom responded， “You have to understand him.Matt left his friends， his basketball team， everything to come here this summer.Just give him time.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
That night Matt heard Grandpa talk with Grandma about a basketball hoop （篮筐）.　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Matt felt very moved.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
5 / 5Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：基础题型练
用省略结构改写下列句子。
1.Who is the man whom you were talking to？
→Who is the man 　　　　　　　　　　　　？
2.Someone has used my mobile phone， but I don’t know who has used it.
→Someone has used my mobile phone， but I 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.Although he was hard-working， he couldn’t earn enough to support himself.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， he couldn’t earn enough to support himself.
4.They don’t use more water than it is necessary.
→They don’t use more water 　　　　　　　　.
维度二：语法与写作
用省略结构完成下列句子。
1.He has made a lot of films， 　　　　　　　　　　.
他拍了很多电影，但很少拍出好的。
2.I don’t like the way 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我不喜欢她对待她的学生的方式。
3.She wants to learn English well， but she 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。
4.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
司机想把他的车停在路边，但警察要求他不要这样做。
5.He doesn’t get up early 　　　　　　　　.
他不像过去那样早早起床了。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面对话，补全对话中被省略的部分。
James：How was your day？
Alex：It was good but busy at the same time.How was yours？
James：Mine was the same.But I felt relaxed when 1.　　　　　　 having an ice cream.
Alex： Me， too！ It’s so hot these days.What are you looking for？
James： A dustbin.Do you know where one is？
Alex： No， I don’t know 2.　　　　　　.Why do you need one？
James： I need to throw the ice cream stick away.
Alex： Oh！ It’s just a stick and you can throw it anywhere you want.
James： No， I can’t 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　.It will cause environmental pollution.
Alex： Throwing a small stick away won’t harm the environment.
James：You’re wrong.Every piece of garbage can harm the environment.If we care for the environment and 4.　　　　　　 work hard to protect it， changes will come.
Alex： Your words make sense.But it is not enough to maintain a clean environment by our actions alone.Many people around us are indifferent to environmental pollution and 5.　　　　　　 unwilling to change their lifestyles.
James：It’s true.I plan to set up an organization to call for action to be taken.
Alex：It sounds great！ Let’s do it together.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Last summer， staff at the San Diego Zoo welcomed 41 baby turtles （海龟） from the Indian narrow-headed soft-shell turtle species， which is native to South Asia.It makes the zoo the first officially recognized organization in North America to hatch （孵化） and raise the species.
　　Three Indian narrow-headed soft-shell turtles have been at the zoo for over 20 years.All that time， zoo staff had been hoping they would one day reproduce.“This is a thrilling moment for us， and a big step forward in the protection of this species，” said Kim Gray， director of the zoo.
　　The eggs were found in two separate nests.Some of the turtles hatched in their habitat， while most of the eggs were stored in an artificial box to create the best conditions for survival.Turtle experts at the zoo say eggs in the habitat are often difficult to find， as the turtles like to lay their eggs overnight and cover them with dirt.
　　The species is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List， though it’s unclear how many remain in the wild.Environmental pollution， habitat destruction， the international pet trade and human food harvesting have all led to the species’ reduction over the years.
　　“We have been caring for these turtles for a very long time， and part of that care is to gain a greater understanding of the species’ natural history，” Kim Gray added.“With the knowledge we gain here at the zoo， we can better assist our partners in India to help this essential species develop and grow in their native habitat.”
1.Why did Kim Gray feel excited at this reproduction？（　　）
A.The zoo got officially recognized. B.It was a breakthrough in turtle protection.
C.A great many turtles were hatched at once. D.An endangered turtle species was saved.
2.What made the turtle eggs in the habitat hard to find？（　　）
A.Their dark colour. B.The artificial box.
C.Their being dirt-covered. D The low light at night.
3.What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the turtles？（　　）
A.The time when listed as endangered. B.Human activities to save them.
C.Their existing number in the wild. D.Factors endangering them.
4.Who might be most interested in the text according to the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Pet lovers.　　　　　　 B.Zoologists.
C.Environmentalists. D.Zoo visitors.
B
　　By 2100， cities around the world could warm by 4 ℃ on average， exposing the growing urban population to conditions that will damage humans’ lives.Cities are in the front line， dealing daily with the impacts of climate change.
　　At the 27th United Nations Climate Change Conference， the UN Environment Programme （UNEP） announced a new initiative — the Nature for Cool Cities Challenge， which encourages cities to use the cooling power of nature.Solutions such as forests， green belts and parks in and around cities can deliver cooling services， without damaging emissions （排放物）.The cooling benefits of such solutions are well-documented， but they need to be better understood and managed to bring about changes at a global level.
　　Cities across the world that are already too hot in summer are taking a variety of measures from insisting new buildings have gardens on their roofs， painting existing roofs white， to colouring roads light grey and planting trees in streets and open spaces.The good news is that all these measures work，mitigating land surface temperatures by 2 ℃ to 3 ℃ in the areas where they are applied.
　　Qatar， host country of 2022 World Cup， surprises the world with an open mind about using technological innovation to deal with the environmental challenges of living in the desert.The government has implemented （实施） a pilot “cool pavement” project in the capital， Doha， which involves the use of a cooling material to decrease the temperature of the asphalt （沥青） on roads.Unlike conventional asphalt， which contributes to increased temperatures by absorbing up to 95 per cent of sunlight， the so-called “cool pavement” reflects UV rays and absorbs solar radiation to a lesser extent， contributing to overall temperature reduction in a greener way.The government， using the World Cup event as a platform， is seeking for partnership with more countries in addressing global environmental issues.
　　Many hands make light work.Just as Sheila Aggarwal-Khan， Director of UNEP’s Economy Division put it， “Truly effective solutions require partnership between governments， the private sectors， experts， and practitioners， nationally and internationally.It is decisive that the joint efforts from financial institutions，investors and businesses help make this vision a reality.”
5.What does UNEP’s new initiative aim to do？（　　）
A.Cool cities with nature-based methods.
B.Cut down the emissions in public places.
C.Document the benefits of living in the city.
D.Decrease urban population to improve living.
6.What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Reducing. B.Increasing.
C.Maintaining. D.Adjusting.
7.How does the new material work in Qatar’s “cool pavement” project？（　　）
A.It takes in much of the sunlight.
B.It enlarges the exposure to solar radiation.
C.It helps improve the air quality of Doha effectively.
D.It absorbs less and reflects more than conventional materials.
8.What did Sheila stress？（　　）
A.Finance. B.Cooperation. C.Professionalism. D.Management.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Let’s discover some of the benefits that forests provide and consider protecting them by reducing your carbon footprint！
　　Forests provide necessary resources
　　Just look around your house — how many things are made from wood or other forest products？ Many common household items such as furniture and books are also made from forest resources.Timber （木材） is the primary material used to build homes in many parts of the world.9.（　　）.
　　Forests provide food and nutrition
　　10.（　　）.Forests are an excellent place to search for wild foods such as berries， mushrooms， leaves， tubers， and nuts； and the wild animals that live in forests are an important source of protein.
　　11.（　　）
　　Forests also provide income for millions of people worldwide.Many types of jobs depend on forests and their resources， from woodcutters to trekking （徒步旅行） guides to forest rangers who take care of forests.
　　Forests protect us from natural disasters
　　Trees and other plants help prevent landslides （滑坡） by holding the soil in place and lessening the force of rain on the ground.12.（　　）.As such， they act as a natural buffer （缓冲物）， protecting coastal communities from the damaging effects of storms.
　　Forests are playgrounds for recreation （娱乐）
　　13.（　　）.Each year， about 8 billion visitors explore the world’s national parks and other protected areas， many of which are forested.From trekking to mountain biking， forests are an ideal place for adventures.
A.Forests support jobs
B.Forests help people stay healthy
C.Forests are a natural carbon solution
D.Forests are also a source of fun， excitement， and inspiration
E.Not to mention， many families use wood to heat their homes
F.Similarly， forests along the coastline can help reduce the power of waves
G.For many communities in the countryside， forests are their neighborhood “grocery stores”
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　When Laney Rogers met Howard Kitchen， Howard was just 4 years old.He was cute.But soon Rogers found he was a 　14　 kid.He easily became angry and often 　15　 things.And he was unwilling to obey.
　　Rogers， who was Howard’s special education teacher， and other teachers studied behavior management and tried many methods， but they 　16　 totally.What finally 　17　 him wasn’t anything learned in a book.It was 　18　.
　　“I feel so 　19　 to have teachers who care so much about me and 　20　 me，” said Howard Kitchen， now a 17-year-old high schooler.Last month， he started mentoring （指导） “　21　 Howards” at the school where his schooling 　22　.His efforts there are already 　23　.Christian Scates， 5， said， “Howard is my best friend.When I get mad， he teaches me how to get 　24　.”
　　Rogers， now an administrator （管理人员） for the school district， happened to 　25　 Howard， now a man， in the same hallways where she used to chase him down as a child.Today， many kids 　26　 him there.In great excitement， Rogers took a photo of Howard with her.
　　Rogers and her colleagues never 　27　 the badly-behaved student.They tried to let him 　28　 they always love him.“What really worked was just good old basic love and kindness from a whole lot of amazing people，” Rogers said.
14.（　）A.lonely B.troubled
C.shy D.proud
15.（　）A.damaged B.lost
C.wasted D.hid
16.（　）A.agreed B.forgot
C.failed D.missed
17.（　）A.challenged B.pleased
C.protected D.changed
18.（　）A.love B.knowledge
C.hope D.confidence
19.（　）A.worried B.lucky
C.eager D.ashamed
20.（　）A.recognize B.test
C.need D.support
21.（　）A.little B.poor
C.curious D.great
22.（　）A.struggled B.continued
C.began D.ended
23.（　）A.getting ready B.paying off
C.coming back D.making sense
24.（　）A.slow B.cheerful
C.polite D.calm
25.（　）A.meet B.save
C.prevent D.mention
26.（　）A.understand B.respect
C.surprise D.impress
27.（　）A.kept track of B.took advantage of
C.gave up on D.caught up with
28.（　）A.confirm B.expect
C.accept D.know
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Did you know that seahorses are going extinct？ These little fish struggle 29.　　　　　　 （survive） against traps （捕捉器）， habitat loss， and more.
　　To fix this problem， many Australian government departments are working at Project Seahorse， a project 30.　　　　　　 （design） to repopulate seahorse communities and rebuild their habitat.The project was inspired by the observation of throwaway fishing traps left in the sea.Seahorses 31.　　　　　　 （attract） to these throwaway traps， which had begun to grow sea vegetation and coral （珊瑚）， which is home 32.　　　　　　 the animals that seahorses feed on.
　　SEA LIFE Sydney Aquarium is building seahorse hotels to give both the seahorses and their habitat a 33.　　　　　　 （help） hand.The hotels are metal cages 34.　　　　　　 come in different shapes.Underwater， the hotels will begin to grow sea vegetation and coral.These hotels are being used in Australia’s Sydney harbor， and at least three 35.　　　　　　 （success） groups of seahorses have been set free into them.
　　However， there are a few 36.　　　　　　 （concern）.Seahorses raised by human beings haven’t learned how to hunt in 37.　　　　　　 wild， or how to avoid their enemies.These are things they will have to learn if they are going to survive.
　　38.　　　　　　 （hopeful）， this project will help to rebuild seahorse populations and their habitats.
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