【培优方案】UNIT 4　SHARING（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language
维度一：品句填词
1.We should always follow the basic 　　　　　　（准则） of social communication.
2.His parents were annoyed to hear that he had 　　　　　　（辞职） from the company.
3.It’s a common problem， the one I’m asked about most when I’m on the lecture 　　　　（巡回）.
4.The person had to sign a 　　　　　　（合同） that he would be sent to an island after one year.
5.Many children just take it for g　　　　　　 that they will be taken good care of by their parents.
6.There will be a 10，000-metre r　　　　　　 race to be held on the playground of our school next Friday.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.It moved me much that the boy swam well in spite of his 　　　　　　（disabled）.
2.Everyone wants to have the 　　　　　　（stable） of life.
3.There is a large collection of texts available for 　　　　　　（consult） on screen.
4.Seldom have they played computer games 　　　　　　（late） according to the survey.
5.As Debbie’s best friend at school， David thought Debbie was a nice boy and deserved 　　　　　（treat） kindly.
6.When he arrived， he saw some people sitting on the ground， 　　　　　　（pray） for their relatives.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Some people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　their friends should help them whenever they are in trouble.
有些人想当然地认为朋友应该在他们有困难的时候帮助他们。
2.It is recommended that you should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
关于你的病情，建议你去咨询一下你的医生。
3.I’d like to share with you a voluntary activity which 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我想和你分享一项今年寒假值得参加的志愿活动。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I’d like to offer you some advice to help you.
既然你已经开始了高中生活，我想给你一些建议来帮助你。
维度四：课文语法填空
While China has many areas that are still in need of 1.　　　　　　 （develop）， Chinese people still help people overseas in nearly every corner of the world.Bingbing’s mother has been working 2.　　　　 a volunteer consultant in Tanzania， Africa， as a part of a medical team 3.　　　　　　（send） by the Chinese government.Many dangerous diseases which 4.　　　　　　 （be） rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much 5.　　　　　　 （nature） wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things 6.　　　　　 we take for granted， such as electricity，7.　　　　　　 （run） water， cars and good transport systems， and supermarkets.Not only 8.　　　　　　 her mother help Tanzanians to build a cardiac hospital， but she also provides medical treatment and helps those with disabilities.Besides， her team has given patients a new malaria treatment that 9.　　　　　　 （invent） in China， and this has saved many lives.Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.Among all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of， 10.　　　　 （help） others comes at the top of this list.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·南京高二下质检）I was ten when my dad helped me buy my first ten-speed bicycle from Father Allen.I put up 60 of my grass cutting and snow shoveling （铲） money， and my dad put up the other half.I would pay him back over the next six months.Although it was the kind of bike you’d expect a priest to have， it was my ticket to the adult world.
I spent that summer and autumn riding as if to put Greg LeMond to shame.My sister Liz， a prisoner of her five-speed and banana seat， never had a chance to keep up.
Just before the Christmas deadline to pay my dad back， we were hit with several snowstorms.This allowed me to shovel enough driveways to pay off my debt.I was now officially a bike owner； it was a feeling unlike any other.
On that Christmas morning， my dad gave me a used portable record player.I was excited.However， my joy was short-lived after my dad called my sister to the kitchen.“We have one more gift for you，” he said as he opened the door that led to the garage.There， on the steps， stood a brand new ten-speed Schwinn.
“It’s not fair，” I complained.“I worked so hard for my bike， and it’s not even new.Then Liz gets a brand new bike.She didn’t have to do anything for it.” My dad smiled.“She didn’t have to do anything for it because it’s not really for her，” he said.What did that mean？ I didn’t want her bike.
By spring Liz and I were riding all over town together now that she could keep up.As we grew， Liz and I became true friends.
Still， I wasn’t smart enough to figure out what my dad meant until years later.That brand new bike was not a gift for Liz — it was a gift for me.He’d given me the gift of my sister’s company， the ability to stay together rather than drift apart in the face of my ability to travel.He gave me my best friend.
1.What can we learn about the author’s bike？（　　）
A.It was worth $120. B.It was very fashionable.
C.He didn’t like it actually. D.Father Allen bought it for him.
2.What made the author think he was officially a bike owner？（　　）
A.His paying his father back. B.His learning to ride a bike.
C.His getting a driving license. D.His father’s getting out of debt.
3.Why was the author’s joy short-lived in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.His father didn’t love him. B.His sister got a better gift.
C.The record player wasn’t new. D.The record player wasn’t for him.
4.The author finally realised that 　　　　.（　　）
A.the new bike actually belonged to him
B.the new bike wasn’t bought by his father
C.his father loved his sister more as a matter of fact
D.his father actually gave him his sister’s company
B
（2024·烟台高二下月考）The other weekend I went to the mall in search of a new pair of tennis shoes.When I arrived at the mall， the stores were crowded.Apparently， none of these shoppers had read Van Boven’s 2005 review article highlighting the benefits of spending money on experiences over material goods.
When surveying various cultures to determine what makes people happy， researchers kept finding that having more didn’t equate （等同） to being happier.And people who try to have more are， in fact， less satisfied.But it seems this is only true if you are spending your money to buy “things” rather than “memories”.
Why is money spent to create memories better spent？ In his review article， Van Boven explains why experiential purchases make us happier：
You got a raise， your co-worker got a bigger one.You bought a new house， your neighbour built a bigger one.On the other hand， Van Boven suggests that experiences are more personal and unique， and thus harder to compare.When people are asked whether they’d prefer to live in a world where they earned 50，000 a year while others earned 25，000 or a world where they earned 100，000 while others earned 200，000， about half of the people prefer to earn 50，000 if it means they earn more than everyone else.But when asked whether they’d prefer two weeks of vacation while everyone else got one， or four weeks while everyone else got eight， 85 percent of people preferred the four weeks even if other people got more.
People are generally engaging in experiences with others， whereas purchasing a new pair of boots is more likely to be a lonely affair.There is also something negative associated with being materialistic and researchers have found that people tend to prefer to interact with other people who are “experiential” than those who are “materialistic”.Engaging in an experience together can also help people create shared memories and connections.
5.What did the author think of those shoppers？（　　）
A.They were fond of materials. B.They were creating memories.
C.They should be taught by Van Boven. D.They had interest in Van Boven’s theory.
6.Why do people prefer to earn 50，000 instead of 100，000？（　　）
A.They seek better experiences. B.They don’t care about money.
C.They want to be better than others. D.They want to show their nobility of spirit.
7.What can we learn about materialistic purchases？（　　）
A.They are more private.
B.They are easier to compare.
C.They offer us longer happiness.
D.They offer us more satisfaction.
8.What’s the second benefit of experiential purchases？（　　）
A.They help us build relationships.
B.They give us a sense of possession.
C.They give us a sense of achievement.
D.They help us improve our social status.
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·湖州高二下期末）A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm.Candice Payne 　9　 20 hotel rooms on her credit card with a group of strangers following her.
Payne booked the hotel rooms after 　10　 how life-threatening the sub-zero temperatures would be for the Chicagoans without 　11　.She posted about it on social media and soon the 　12　 and offers to help bring food came flooding in.“　13　 they didn’t know how to or where to start to help， so I’m glad that I was able to be that 　14　，” she said.
When temperatures 　15　 to 22 degrees below zero， a group of homeless people had to abandon their tents near a highway.Payne and other volunteers dug 　16　 into their pockets and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago’s South Side.And the volunteers built 　17　 friendships even though most of them just met.
When Jermaine and Robert got the offer for a（n） 　18　 bed， they were getting ready to sleep on the 　19　.“We don’t get that type of help，” Jermaine said.“I really needed them at that 　20　， so they came right in time.” They hugged Payne and thanked her， touched by the 　21　 kindness.
This volunteer group has been able to 　22　 three nights at the hotel for about 80 people.
They’re hoping to continue working together to help 　23　 a more long-term solution.
9.（　）A.bought　　　　　 B.took
C.charged D.built
10.（　）A.checking B.measuring
C.reporting D.realising
11.（　）A.home B.choice
C.dream D.job
12.（　）A.suggestions B.instructions
C.donations D.solutions
13.（　）A.Instead B.Hardly
C.Fortunately D.Maybe
14.（　）A.provider B.connecter
C.organiser D.manager
15.（　）A.reached B.dropped
C.rose D.fell
16.（　）A.deep B.long
C.anxiously D.hopefully
17.（　）A.amazing B.surprising
C.amusing D.lasting
18.（　）A.free B.warm
C.attractive D.expensive
19.（　）A.road B.beach
C.street D.mountain
20.（　）A.point B.movement
C.place D.hotel
21.（　）A.unexpected B.unwritten
C.undelivered D.unmeasured
22.（　）A.pay B.receive
C.cover D.enjoy
23.（　）A.determine B.provide
C.design D.accomplish
Ⅲ.应用文写作
每个人都有分享的经历，请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍一次自己的分享经历，内容包括：
1.叙述分享经历；2.表达个人体会。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·深圳高二下期中检测）When I was in middle school， my family moved to Seattle， where my parents started their new business — a small grocery store downstairs my house.As a girl of shy and reserved nature， I had to take a fresh start to fit into the sophisticated city life.
　　One sunny day， my school announced an exciting event， a talent show for the local food bank.Students were encouraged to showcase their unique talents in front of the public in the city hall on National Day.A buzz of excitement fed the school as everyone began preparing for the big day.Deep down， I felt a spark of curiosity and a desire to participate.However， my self-doubt held me back， “I don’t have any special skills to share.”
　　Days turned into weeks， and the talent show drew closer.I couldn’t shake the upsetting feeling until one day， Emma， one of the most popular girls in my class， came to me while I was helping in the grocery store after class.“How about singing together in the talent show？”she grinned，“I heard you singing a tune， along the way back home.I can’t help following you here.” Gosh， I couldn’t believe my ears.Emma， with personality and popularity， acknowledged my little talent.Since Emma had the world’s prettiest voice， I felt like being favoured by fortune.
　　“You two？ The talent show for the food bank？” My mum bent towards us and her face lit up.“A big occasion.” Then a light bulb seemed to go in her head.“Why not practise right now upstairs？ I bet you’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us， she seemed to know we were thinking alike.
　　Emma and I embarked on rehearsing almost every single day after school.We brainstormed， exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene.As the days rolled by， I was feeling pretty good about our act.But the day before the performance， Emma called that she had an acute stomachache and was not in any shape to perform.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　I was completely surprised at the news.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Finally came the big moment.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5 / 6课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.ridiculous　2.dismissed　3.dignity　4.whereas/while
5.fiction　6.ladders　7.salary
维度二
1.is declared　2.guilty　3.appointment　4.warmth
5.alarmed　6.based　7.distinguished
维度三
1.Here comes a good chance
2.more her hard work than her cleverness
3.makes your notes easier to read
4.to keep the appointment with
5.It is ridiculous that
维度四
1.called　2.alarmed　3.it　4.with　5.embarrassed
6.elegant　7.items　8.（should） invite　9.to leave　10.What
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。20世纪40年代，美国著名科幻小说作家Isaac Asimov提出了著名的“机器人三定律”。时至今天，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，要约束机器人仅仅依靠这三条定律是不够的。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Isaac Asimov提出的“机器人三定律”重点强调保护人的安全和利益，不过它们也没有忽略机器人存在的权利。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，人工智能专家Frank Pasquale认为，虽然Isaac Asimov的想法有充分根据，但它们假设了某种不再成立的技术发展轨迹——（如今）创新并不总是对人类有利。这说明Isaac Asimov认为创新是对人类有利的。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第五至七段可知，AI强调的是人工智能的快速发展从而取代人类，而IA强调的是：在机器的帮助下，让人变得更强大、生产效率和劳动价值都得到提高。
4.D　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Frank Pasquale认为，技术进步已经给人类带来一些非常令人不安和有害的后果，我们必须走在技术进步的前面。也就是说我们要预见一些可能的不良后果并引导科学技术朝良性发展。由此可知，Frank Pasquale并没有反对技术进步，只是提醒我们对技术进步保持理性和谨慎的态度。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。地球以外是否有外星人？这是一个大家都非常感兴趣的问题。尽管人类至今还没有发现外星人，但是很多科学家都相信外星人的存在。
5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，人们除了在电影和电视里看到外星人以外，没有任何人能证明见到过外星人。由此判断，电影Superman和ET中的外星人建立在艺术家的想象基础之上。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Frank Drake博士提出很多问题，都是为最后一句话作铺垫。那就是证明这一切（问题）都是源于对外星人的了解并且这一问题将极大地丰富人类的生活。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，物理学家Enrico Fermi不相信外星人的存在。根据上文可知，其他三人都相信外星人的存在。
8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Frank Drake博士认为，人类尚未发现外星人，是因为我们为之付出的努力还不够。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。个人简介是用简单的格式表达信息的一种极好的方式。文章主要介绍了一些写个人资料要遵循的基本步骤。
9.G　上文提到了不要抱怨或没完没了地描述你的健康问题、感情困扰、孩子问题等。设空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明原因，故G项符合语境。
10.E　本段的中心思想是不要自我批评。下文提到没人能接近你，说明自我批评可能导致他人无法靠近，是一种控制他人的形式。故E项符合语境，E项中的Self-criticism对应上文中的criticize yourself。
11.D　本段的中心思想是不要把个人资料作为自我夸耀的方式。故D项符合语境，D项中的show off对应下文中的boast。
12.F　本段第一句的建议是不要把个人资料拿来做广告或销售，可推测本句应该说明获得商业客户的正确做法，故F项符合语境。
13.C　根据下文可知，本段的建议是在写个人资料前寻求帮助。故C项（在写之前寻求帮助是很重要的）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Cassandra Warren不小心将自己的一封婚礼请柬写错了地址，却带来了意外的收获。
14.D　根据下文可知，Cassandra Warren收到了返回的请柬。
15.D　根据下文可知，Cassandra Warren写错了地址。由此可知，她当时很匆忙。
16.A　根据下文可知，Cassandra Warren写错了地址，因此请柬应该是被退回。
17.A　根据下文who the mystery note writer is可知，Cassandra Warren收到的是便条。
18.C　由于她把地址写错了，收到请柬的应是陌生人，因此这个陌生人会说但愿我认识你。
19.C　这里说明信封里面还包含一张20美元的钞票。
20.B　这里表示这对夫妇不知道这封信是谁写的。have no idea意为“丝毫不知道”。
21.C　Cassandra和Jesse用意外收到的20美元美餐了一顿，自然是非常开心的。
22.A　Cassandra进了一家商店，应该是去买一张贺卡。
23.D　根据下文的incorrect address on the envelope可知，这里Cassandra应该是写下地址。
24.C　Cassandra第一次是不小心写错了地址，而这次则是故意写错地址。
25.D　由于Cassandra不认识对方，因此她应该称呼好心的陌生人。
26.A　Cassandra这里应该是感谢对方花时间和金钱寄给她便笺。
27.D　对Cassandra来说，收到便笺是一件幸福的事。
28.C　Cassandra认为对方是世上少见的好心人，自然是对其非常感激。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.was informed 　2.be chosen　3.be written　4.has been changed　5.is being made　6.had been taken
维度二
1.The 5-kilometre cross-country running race was held by our school last Sunday.
2.His homework hadn’t been finished when he came back to school.
3.His science fiction novels are widely praised all over the world.
4.His novel has already been adapted for a film.
5.Many people wonder whether new works are being written by him now.
6.So far， more than 2，000 graduates of Zhang Guimei’s school have been admitted to/into colleges and their fates have been changed completely by her.
维度三
1.is known　2.have been gained　3.have/has been carried　4.has been made 　5.are fed　6.will be released　7.were found　8.will be set　9.been banned　10.will be protected
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在科技飞速发展的今天以及明天，人与科技的关系将会怎样呢？答案永远是——人机合作。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，俄罗斯象棋大师Garry Kasparov认为，打败他的不是一位使用高级电脑的象棋大师，而是两位普通棋手和三台电脑的合作。
2.B　细节理解题。一般来说，作者在举例之前都会先表明自己的观点，因为举例是为了证明自己的观点。因此，A few examples前面的句子（说明人工智能与人类合作的普遍）正是作者举例的目的。
3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，Netflix利用机器学习算法的确收集了信息也了解了观众，但是其最终目的是提供更优质的内容。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，在未来人类的创造性将广泛地与人工智能配合发挥作用，离开人的指导很多事情都是无法完成的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如果你问Z世代（95后和00后），目前中国的时装热潮是什么，“新中式服装”可能会是答案，而马面裙是其中的典型代表。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the perfect combination of traditional Chinese aesthetics （美学） and modern style continues to win young people’s hearts可知，新中式服装凭着将中国传统美学与现代风格完美结合而继续赢得年轻人的心。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，马面裙是汉服的一种，其特点是前面平整，侧面打褶；马面裙起源于宋朝，并在明朝和清朝流行起来。
7.C　词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词前面的initially selling only a dozen pieces和画线词后面的to an impressive 100，000 pieces可知，马面裙的销量大幅增长了。因此画线词与C项意思相近。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Yang Xiaodong认为，马面裙的火爆说明人们对传统文化的兴趣以及信心。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。校园欺凌在世界各国都非常普遍。作者分析了其背后的原因，并告诫我们不要实施欺凌。
9.C　下文介绍了欺凌者普遍具有的一些特点，C项正好是概括性的论述，符合语境。
10.G　根据上下文可知，有些欺凌者自己本身也缺乏安全感，过去他们可能也是受害者。其结果则是通过欺凌比自己更弱的人获得一种自我强大的感觉。故G项符合语境。
11.E　上句指出有些欺凌者存在性格上的缺陷，这样的人自然需要寻求专业人士的帮助。故E项符合语境。
12.F　上文指出当我们遇到一些不良情绪时往往会找他人出气或发泄，这说明欺凌有其原因。尽管如此，作者建议我们不能以此为借口实施欺凌。故F项符合语境。
13.D　下文建议我们考虑对方（受欺凌者）的感受，也就是进行换位思考。故D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家在周末探险的时候捡到一只名叫Peeper的鹅并带回家。一年后，当作者一家已经习惯了Peeper的存在时，Peeper飞走了；20年后Peeper又回来了，给作者和家人带来了惊喜和安慰。
14.B　根据上文But unlike other weekends可知，这个周末和其他周末不同，有惊奇的事情。
15.C　根据上文The adults were frightened by us可推断，成年鹅飞走了，留下了它们的孩子。
16.B　根据下文and weeks into months， until almost a year passed可知，周变成月，月变成年，日子一天天过去了。
17.D　根据上文可知，日复一日，我们已经习惯了和小鹅一起的生活。settle into a routine意为“融入常规”。
18.C　根据上文We 　17　 into a routine filled with feathery hugs and care.可知，本句中的this就是指代上文的这个常规。
19.C　根据上文One evening， my uncle came over and my dad wanted to show him Peeper’s loop.可知，我爸爸想表演的是把鹅扔向空中飞一圈。
20.A　根据上文but this time， Peeper flew off可知，Peeper飞走了，所以成了我家人美好的回忆。
21.D　根据下文They never forget their first home.可知，鹅是忠诚的。
22.B　根据上文Twenty years passed ...for my family.可知，过了20多年后，这只年老的鹅回来了。
23.A　根据下文He did all the things Peeper used to.可知，这只鹅就是Peeper，而不是随便的一只鹅。
24.C　根据下文turning his head and waddling （摇摆走） closer to us可知，我们叫Peeper，它有反应。
25.A　根据下文old best friend had returned，20 years later可知，作者是很惊讶的。
26.A　根据下文可知，夜晚它可能会在附近的湖上寻找自己同类的安慰，渴望早点回家。
27.B　参见上题解析。
28.D　根据上文But he’s here a lot可知，它想让大家知道它的存在。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者阐述了自己所面临的一个困惑——如何正确处理自己与科技之间的关系。
29.how　这里“特殊疑问词how＋动词不定式”结构作名词idea的同位语。
30.the　on the one hand ...on the other hand ...是固定句型，表示“一方面……另一方面……”。
31.to be controlled　这里动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，因为表示被动概念，应用其被动式。
32.their　本空后的generation是名词，因此这里用形容词性物主代词。
33.that　本空后面是说明前面名词belief的具体内容，因此这里用连词that引导一个同位语从句。
34.talking　这里表示朋友停止讲话，因此用stop doing形式。
35.came　苹果公司的ScreenTime软件上市发生在过去，因此这里用一般过去时。
36.importantly　本空所填词修饰后面整个句子，因此用副词importantly。
37.were　wish一词后面用虚拟语气，因此用系动词were。
38.less　下句中的more一词暗示这里也应该用形容词的比较级形式，故填less。
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.pace　2.maximum　3.gripped　4.exploded　5.superior　6.fetch
维度二
1.division　2.weekly　3.that　4.muddy　5.to　6.randomly
维度三
1.It was when I got back to fetch my handkerchief that
2.as if （she was） waiting for someone
3.After balancing the pros and cons
4.we （should） take immediate action/take action immediately
5.conflict with/come into conflict with each other
维度四
1.Having checked　2.myself　3.pushed　4.it　5.to fetch　6.seeing　7.to explain　8.faster　9.up　10.was thrown
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者训练小狗Robbie成为导盲犬，并对Robbie产生了深厚感情的故事。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的It was my responsibility to provide basic training and socialization opportunities.可知，作者带Robbie去各种各样的公共场所正是训练所需，为了让它适应社会。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，对那些度过了充满压力的一天的工作人员来说，Robbie的陪伴能帮助他们缓解压力。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，作者对 Robbie产生了很深的感情，不愿让它离开自己。但是在Robbie一岁半的时候，作者收到了将Robbie送回的邮件，这对作者来说是很难的。由此可推知，画线词的意思应是“移交”，turn over的含义与之相近。
4.B　标题归纳题。根据首尾段可知，作者从一开始就知道 Robbie是一只“身负使命”的小狗，虽然分别时刻到来时，作者十分不想和Robbie分开，但是想到Robbie终将奔赴更高的目标——作为导盲犬陪伴在真正需要它的人身边，发挥更重要的作用，作者也感到安慰。因此B项（更高的目标）为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读；本文是一篇说明文。我们怎样才能提高工作效率呢？文章结合一项研究和专家观点告诉我们一些有关工作效率的真相。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，深度工作的关键在于投入和专注。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，该研究发现，详尽的短期计划并不可行，相对较为灵活的长期计划往往执行效果更好。
7.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，巴菲特和比尔·盖茨都会安排一些时间什么都不做，只是静坐和思考。
8.D　词义猜测题。根据下文可知，在我们表现不好的时期，我们的工作效率会慢慢降低。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位摄影师，不得不经常到处出差。流行病期间的隔离使他和儿子在一起的时间增多了，虽然工作受到一些影响，但是这段经历让作者学到一些新的且特殊的东西。
9.C　根据首句This Father’s Day certainly seems different to me.以及下文讲述的和儿子在一起的故事可知，此处讲述的是作者作为父亲的经历和体验。
10.D　根据空后的living in isolation brought me closer to my son Diego可以看出作者的情感态度，他认为这是一件幸运的事情。
11.A　根据下文的reading on the sofa， watching movies in the bedroom and grilling on the roof可知，作者和儿子非常喜欢且享受做这些事情。
12.D　根据语境可知，此处表示现在儿子不再总是喊妈妈了，他开始叫爸爸了。
13.B　根据空后一句可知，作者的情感态度非常积极，由此推断这件事使作者非常高兴。
14.B　根据上文的always yelling “Mommy， Mommy” my son screams，“Daddy！”可推知，现在作者和儿子的关系与以前相比更深了。
15.C　根据第三段前两句可知，由于流行病期间隔离了两个月，作者的儿子与大自然的关系疏远了，甚至开始害怕蚂蚁。
16.A　参见上题解析。
17.D　根据空前一句可知，作者的儿子甚至害怕蚂蚁了，由此可以推知，为了让儿子恢复与大自然的关系，作者和妻子决定带儿子到大山去。下文中的walking in the woods也是提示。
18.B　根据空后的my father， my son and I可知，祖孙三代一起去树林散步。
19.A　根据段落首句可知，流行病期间让作者有更多的时间反思作为一名父亲意味着什么，且要带着荣誉感和责任感将自己从父母那里学到的东西传递给自己的儿子。
20.C　参见上题解析。
21.D　根据第二段前两句可推知，作者错过了很多在野外度过的时间。
22.A　根据语境可知，由于流行病期间的隔离，作者得到了更多的时间陪家人，尤其是陪儿子。
23.B　通读全文内容可知，本文主要是说作者和儿子之间的关系。
Ⅲ.
　　Recently driverless taxis have hit the road in some cities in China， which sparked heated discussions among netizens.
From my point of view， I’m in favour of driverless taxis. First of all， driverless taxis are pared with human drivers， driverless taxis will never feel tired or make any simple mistakes. Secondly， driverless taxis are cheaper. It is reported that they only charge half of the price the normal taxis charge. Finally， even though some drivers will be out of work， in the long run， humans will be liberated from boring mechanical work to enjoy life.
In a word， we should embrace new technology instead of refuse it. Our life will become better and better because of advancements in science and technology.
Ⅳ.
　　Mr Haley laughs and says，“I didn’t.And I don’t.” He stops and looks me in the eye as though he is no longer in a hurry to get to class， and I’m the only person who matters.“Writing is a craft，” he says.“I learned to write through practice and sheer persistence.” He explains that when he was at high school， he wrote every day.As his writing skills improved， he eventually became a journalist.“If you want to become a writer，” he says，“don’t worry about whether you have some magical gift.Put in the work.Write every day， and don’t give up until you succeed.”
　　After my conversation with Alex Haley， I no longer care about whether I have the “gift” to become a writer.Instead， I start writing every day， just like Alex Haley in his high school.In the end， all my hard work pays off.Within two years， I publish three stories in national children’s magazines.I have been writing and publishing ever since.Had I not volunteered to meet this extraordinary man， I never would have received the benefit of his wise advice and the rewards that followed.
UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.hollow　2.straightforward　3.slogan　4.joint　5.bakery
6.foundation　7.butchers　8.political
维度二
1.Located　2.convinced　3.contributions　4.political
5.reference　6.to breathe
维度三
1.couldn’t wait to experience the life there
2.It is agreed that
3.it is time for me to set out
4.What makes the river more beautiful
5.but on the other hand， I am afraid of taking risks and leaving my comfort zone
维度四
1.travelling　2.as　3.impressions　4.The　5.to learn
6.nature　7.really　8.found　9.biggest　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国的四个主题公园以及其新游乐设施和景点。
1.B　细节理解题。根据Alton Towers部分中的There will be a new Hey Duggee themed play ...a brand new interactive show可知，在CBeebies Land将有三个具有吸引力的新景点开放。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Thorpe Park部分中的Although no new rides are scheduled for 2024可知，Thorpe Park在2024年没有新的游乐设施。
3.D　细节理解题。根据Walt Disney World部分中的50 golden statues celebrating iconic characters可知，游客可以在Walt Disney World欣赏金像。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。俄亥俄州立大学和芝加哥大学的研究人员发现，创造力没有年龄限制，我们所有人都可以培养创造力。
4.A　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在50岁左右达到顶峰。这说明具有这两种创造力的人在不同的时间会做到最好，即得到充分发展，所以画线单词blossom意为“充分发展”。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，本段作者将两类天才人物进行了对比，一类是大器早成者，另一类是大器晚成者。
6.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的They hope their work will gradually remove the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses （早熟的天才） and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age.可知，作者在本段主要想强调创造力没有年龄限制。
7.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为这项新发现既有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，作者对该项新发现的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。颐和园是中国清朝时期的皇家园林，前身为清漪园。它是我国现存规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。
8.G　第一段是对颐和园的概括性介绍，应该强调其特殊地位和独特价值，因此G项符合语境。
9.B　上文提到了Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake，因此B项中的Both the lake and the hill正好与上文匹配。
10.E　上文提到原来的塔被英法联军焚毁，E项则接着说明：人们今天看到的是1891年重建的。上文The original tower和E项中的The one people see today正好形成对比。
11.D　本段在追溯历史，回顾颐和园1750年首建时的情形，它当时被叫作“清漪园”。因此D项符合语境。
12.F　下句It called暗示上句提到了某权威机构、部门或平台等，因此F项符合语境，这里的It指代F项中的UNESCO（联合国教科文组织）或 World Heritage List （《世界遗产名录》）。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我们”为了帮助需要帮助的人发起了名为The World Needs You的公益活动，针对人们的实际需要进行了一些捐助。13.B　根据下文内容可知，这个公益活动是为了展示在社区中做出一些积极的改变是一件容易的事。
14.C　根据空后的and other cold-weather equipment可知，所填词与抗寒有关。
15.A　根据本空前后的 “buy” things与earned through good behaviour可知，学生可以通过表现良好获得奖励来买物品。
16.D　这样做一方面能鼓励孩子们表现良好，另一方面又能满足他们的需求，所以是一个好方法。
17.D　根据下文可知，该公益活动帮助的是家庭贫困的孩子，所以把这些东西给那些家庭负担不起的孩子。
18.A　根据语境可知，此处表示当“我们”把捐赠的物品给协调人时。
19.B　根据上文Do the children need anything else？可知，此处指多数孩子步行上学。
20.C　孩子们没有雨伞，所以，下雨时他们都被淋湿了。
21.A　前后句子在逻辑上为转折关系，所以用but。
22.B　根据上文的Umbrellas！以及下文提到的50 umbrellas可知，B项符合语境。
23.C　根据下文语境可知，“我们”开始工作。
24.C　为了筹集到雨伞，“我们”开始工作，无论是sent e-mails，还是called people，都是让人们知道我们在做什么，所以此处指在社交活动中宣传这个项目。talk up表示“夸奖；赞扬”。
25.A　根据下文I’ve never thought about that before！可知，这是人们共同的反应。
26.D　“我们”为学校及时筹集了50多把雨伞，以备四月的阵雨。in time for表示“及时赶上”。
27.B　根据上文We were very satisfied.可知，“我们”希望孩子们将在雨中歌唱！
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Excited　2.confused　3.preserved　4.paid　5.finished　6.Designed 　7.Compared　8.invited　9.made
维度二
1.With the holiday approaching，my classmates are becoming more and more excited.
2.Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.
3.My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.
4.He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.
5.I feel greatly honored to deliver a speech on how to improve oral English.
维度三
1.known　2.visited　3.proposed　4.built 　5.saying
6.to symbolise　7.to celebrate　8.Looking　9.planned
10.proved
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。赵州桥是一座位于河北省石家庄市赵县城南洨河之上的石拱桥。赵州桥始建于隋代，由匠师李春设计建造，是世界上现存年代久远、跨度最大、保存最完整的单孔坦弧敞肩石拱桥。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，让李春困惑烦恼的是，洨河之上的石拱桥反复修建、反复被洪水冲毁。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，按照李春最初的方案，该石拱桥没有桥墩，但是桥的拱顶必须很高，人们在陡峭的斜坡上爬上爬下很不方便。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，人们开始抱怨：“看来这里不能建桥了。只有鲁班才能建造这座桥。”显然人们对李春丧失了信心，这让李春感到很郁闷。
4.D　细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，赵州桥始建于隋朝，距今有超过1，400年的历史；它采用了弓形，而不是半圆形；它没有桥墩，只有一个圆弧拱。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚教师的工资水平如何呢？本文就此话题进行了说明和探讨。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，澳大利亚教师刚开始的工资是比较高的，但是到后来就慢慢停滞不涨了。
6.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，其实澳大利亚的很多年轻人对教师行业很感兴趣，但是因为经济原因很少有人去当教师。
7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，澳大利亚这一改革计划的目的是吸引更多优秀的年轻人来当教师。
8.D　观点态度题。综合全文可知，作者对澳大利亚教师的工资情况并不满意。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国的标志性建筑——自由女神像。
9.D　上下文都在介绍美国的一次庆典——纪念《独立宣言》签署200周年，故D项符合语境。
10.B　本段介绍了自由女神像在构造等方面的一些细节，故B项符合语境。
11.G　本段主要介绍了自由女神像的广泛影响，G项是其影响的一个具体例证，符合语境。
12.C　本段介绍了18世纪末到19世纪欧洲等地人们移民到美国的情景，C项是他们刚到美国看到自由女神像时的反应，符合语境。
13.A　上句说建自由女神像不是美国人的主意，A项承接上文，说明它是法国人的杰作。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。高中辍学的作者在一位素不相识的老师的鼓励下重新点燃自信，最终也成为一名老师。
14.D　根据最后一段中的I got a bachelor’s degree and became a teacher just like her可知，作者是在一位老师的鼓励下改变了人生道路。
15.B　根据第二、三段内容可知，作者认为自己的GED分数低，所以自己笨，没有自信申请大学，因此她是不相信自己的能力。
16.C　根据第二段中的After my physical injury healed可知，作者因意外而受伤不能工作。
17.C　根据上文可知，作者要挣钱赡养父母，所以她不能放弃。
18.D　根据倒数第二段末句中for the training program可知，作者申请参加免费的工作培训项目。
19.B　根据but的转折以及下文的stupid可知，作者认为自己考的分数低。
20.A　根据下文可知，Ruby Martin查看作者的成绩册，评估作者是否可以参加这个项目。
21.C　根据上下文可知，因为作者认为自己分数低，不知道能不能被录取，所以很紧张。
22.B　根据上文可知，作者认为只是抱着试一试的想法来参加面试，所以已经做好了不被录取的准备。
23.A　根据下文中的for the training program可知，老师问作者为什么要参加这个培训项目，而不是申请上大学。
24.D　根据上文可知，作者认为自己分数低，所以感觉羞愧。
25.C　根据下文中的She assured me that I was not only not stupid可知，作者说自己很笨。
26.C　根据上文老师问她为什么不申请上大学可知，老师认为作者的分数是很高的。
27.A　根据语境可知，作者GED分数很高，智力很好，所以会成为一个优秀的培训项目的候选人。
28.D　作者以前认为自己笨，没有自信，后来得到学位而且成了老师，由此说明她恢复了自信。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为迎接2024年“世界太极日”的到来，位于巴黎的中国文化中心于4月27日特别举办了“中国故事”系列讲座中的24式太极工作坊。
29.specially　本空后面是谓语动词held，因此这里应用副词来修饰它。
30.taught　根据上下文可知，这里应用一般过去时。
31.lovers　这里表示18名太极爱好者，因此应用可数名词lover的复数形式。
32.which/that　本空前面的a comprehensive routine是先行词，这里由关系代词which/that引导一个定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语。
33.in　in detail是固定短语，表示“详细地”。
34.involved　get/become/be involved in表示“参与”。
35.Although/Though/While　这里前后两个分句之间是转折关系，因此用从属连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。
36.to hold/holding　continue to do sth/continue doing sth表示“继续做某事”。
37.has been celebrated　本句时间状语为for 12 years，且表示“被庆祝”，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
38.a　这里表示“太极拳是一种具有数百年历史的中国武术”，因此用不定冠词a来修饰后面的名词martial art。
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.arrow　2.fences　3.phase　4.license　5.capacity
维度二
1.to go　2.Sponsored　3.violence　4.distribution
5.prisoner　6.selecting
维度三
1.While I admit his good points
2.With so much homework to do
3.a flock of ducks
维度四
1.which　2.distribution　3.hanging　4.up　5.frequency　6.violent　7.a　8.nurses　9.to find　10.its
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述Marion J.Douglas在失去两个女儿后努力摆脱痛苦的故事，告诉我们一个道理：保持繁忙可以赶走痛苦和焦虑。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Marion J.Douglas先失去了第一个女儿（sad），十个月后他又得到了一个女儿（excited），可是紧接着（五天后）第二个女儿又离开人世（hopeless）。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Marion J.Douglas为了摆脱痛苦，先后去看医生、吃安眠药和外出旅行，可是这些都无效；根据第五段可知，帮助儿子制作玩具船让他获得了内心的放松和宁静。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，当儿子提出制作小船的要求后，Marion J.Douglas极不情愿地答应了。
4.B　主旨大意题。最后一段中两次提到的no time for worry是对全文主题的概括，也是Marion J.Douglas摆脱痛苦和焦虑的关键所在，即专注于一些工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界人口持续增长，可是，野生动物的数量却一直在减少。这是为什么呢？
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，农业耕种是野生动物生存的最大威胁。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，在美国要消耗25公斤的谷物才能换来1公斤的牛肉。很明显这里作者在强调牛肉的高成本和低产出。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据第五段以及画线词所在句可知，牛、猪以及鸡应该是“快速吃掉”谷物。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，作者认为：我们对于棕榈油行业对森林带来的破坏报道很多，而对于家畜对森林带来的间接影响却关注甚少。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Rene Compean在洛杉矶国家森林迷路了，Kuo通过对比照片和卫星地图找到了Rene Compean，最终Rene Compean成功获救。
9.B　根据下文the 45-year-old mechanic was lost可知，这位机械师挑战的是一条新路。
10.C　上文提到这位机械师迷路了，所以天色渐暗时，他开始变得恐惧起来。
11.A　根据下文My phone is going to ...和He texted the police可知，Compean找到有信号的地方去发短信。
12.D　根据空前I’m lost.SOS.可知，他的手机快没电了。
13.C　根据上文attaching a photo showing where he was可知，此处指照片中显示他的双腿周围是无尽的岩石和植物。此处用名词shot与上文photo相呼应。
14.B　根据上一段描述可知，因为Compean迷路被困，所以他只能等待和希望救援的到来。
15.D　根据下文he kept a big stick和in case an animal came close可知，他应该是发现了美洲狮和熊。
16.A　根据下文in case an animal came close可知，为预防动物袭击自己，他准备了一些锋利的石头。
17.A　本文介绍的是过去发生的一件事情，所以此处应用副词then，表示那时Kuo 47岁。
18.D　根据下文When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter， he pulled up a satellite map.可知，Kuo喜欢查询照片的拍摄地。
19.C　根据下文after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground可知，因为Kuo知道了Compean停车的大概位置，所以他把搜索范围缩小到了附近地区。
20.A　根据上文After comparing it to the satellite map可知，Kuo把照片和卫星地图进行对比后，意识到了一些问题。
21.B　根据第二段中的by an endless landscape of rocks and plants可知，Compean的双腿周围是无尽的岩石和植物，由此Kuo判断Compean在南边，因为北部没有绿色的山谷。
22.C　根据下文Soon， Compean was saved.可知，Compean最终获救了，也就是说Kuo找到了匹配的位置。
23.D　根据上文描述可知，Kuo和Compean素不相识，所以对于Compean来说，是陌生人Kuo的特殊卫星定位技术救了他。
Ⅲ.
Good afternoon， everyone！
　　The topic of my speech today is “It’s Everyone’s Duty to Protect the Giant Panda”.
　　The giant panda， known as the national treasure of China， is also regarded as one of the symbols of China.It mainly lives in China’s Sichuan， Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.There are only less than two thousand giant pandas living in the wild now， which are in great danger of dying out and are named as first class national protected animals.
　　It’s high time that we took effective measures to protect the giant pandas.First of all， we should choose green lifestyle and reduce pollution； secondly， we ought to protect the environment and never cut down the forests； lastly， we can also donate money to WWF.
　　Thank you for your listening！
Ⅳ.
　　Berlin thought it was a good idea.When the two brothers reached an agreement， they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house， got the tools they needed to make the cane， and ran back to the woods.Jack said，“What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick？” Berlin thought for a moment and said，“I think we should choose a straight tree.” Jack nodded his head in agreement.They found a straight tree and set to work.They cut the tree down， and with a knife they took the bark off.It was a wonderful tree， which was smooth and was just of the right size.They thought Grandpa would love it.
　　Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.When Grandpa took the cane， his hands shook with joy， thinking，“This is made by my grandsons themselves.How precious it is！” Jack said， “Grandpa， we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed.He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand.He stood up with strength on his legs.Everyone was surprised and excited to see Grandpa stand up.At that moment， Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Channel　2.league　3.bonds　4.behold　5.tale　6.fleets
维度二
1.negotiation　2.withdrawal　3.manned　4.mixed
维度三
1.with cups of tea in our hands
2.as expected
3.there is no need to feel depressed/frustrated
4.in a league of its own
5.believe in what we do
维度四
1.Merchants　2.its　3.extending　4.which　5.fleets
6.the　7.from　8.remains　9.strengthen　10.to reach
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些科学家将潜入印度洋1，000米的深处，探索人类活动对海洋的影响。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Nekton是一个海洋研究小组，其根本目的是保护海洋。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，虽然海底1，000米深处自然光无法到达，但是一些海洋动物自身会发光。
3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，这种潜水艇可以潜入到海底接近11，000米的深处。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，科学家的主要目的是发现新的海洋生物，同时了解人类活动（塑料污染及气候变化）对海洋环境的影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现：大量塑料废弃物通过内陆水道进入海洋，对海洋造成严重的污染。我们应当从身边的小事做起，减少垃圾制造量，为减轻海洋污染做力所能及的事情。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的places like L.A. and Baltimore Harbor where there are measures in place to prevent trash in rivers from entering the ocean可知，巴尔的摩海港采取了防止河流中的垃圾汇入海洋的措施。由此可推知，巴尔的摩海港的污染应当不严重。其他三个地方都是文中提到的重污染区。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，作者主要使用了列数据的手法来证明内陆的河流、湖泊中塑料废弃物太多这一问题的严重性。
7.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jenna Jambeck所说的话可知，他认为我们可以在日常生活中做一些力所能及的事情，比如分类投放垃圾、使用可重复使用的物品以减少垃圾。由此可推知，他会建议我们从身边的小事做起，为减少垃圾做力所能及的事情。
8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，通过使用Marine Debris Tracker这一手机应用软件，我们可以记录自己沿水路捡垃圾的情况，而我们提供的这些数据将帮助科学家更好地应对垃圾问题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了几条帮助我们获得成功的建议。
9.F　上文提到了三点建议：做自己最擅长的事、热爱自己所做的事、有明确的目标，因此F项（当你做到这三点，你就能将个人的价值最大化）符合语境。
10.G　空前一句建议我们找到自己的热情与特长，空后一句建议我们将它们一一列举出来，因此G项（你的热情与特长可能不止一项）承上启下，符合语境。
11.D　上文提到当我们找到目标、热情和能力三者之间的重合部分，则需求部分就很容易满足了。因此D项（前三者就可以帮你提供职业方向）符合语境。
12.E　上文提到了Need、 Talent、 Passion、 Purpose四个要素，因此E项（许多人认为这四者之间有冲突）符合语境。
13.A　上文提到一种常见的说法：你无法通过做自己喜欢的事来赚钱。下文作者表明自己的观点：这四者完全可以和谐并存。因此A项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈是一名职业女性，在她的影响下，作者形成了积极的工作态度。
14.A　根据下文Kids whose mothers have jobs可知，此处指有工作的妈妈。
15.B　根据上文traditional roles of male可知，传统的认知是男性要养家糊口。
16.C　上句话用了likely，此处指有工作的母亲的孩子在以后的生活中可能有更多成功的机会。
17.D　根据上文illness可知，疾病夺走了作者父亲的生命。
18.A　根据下文a full-time job可知，作者的妈妈找了一份全职工作。land意为“得到”。
19.B　根据下文my two sisters and me on her own可知，作者的妈妈独自抚养作者和两个妹妹。
20.A　根据下文可知，此处指作者的妈妈告诉作者独立很重要。
21.C　根据上文可知，如果你能管理自己的生活，作出自己的决定，你几乎就可以获得任何东西。
22.D　根据上下文可知，作者接受了三份工作。
23.B　根据下文可知，作者慢慢意识到了依靠自己的好处。
24.C　根据下文to get things I wanted by myself可知，作者设法得到了自己想要的东西。manage to do sth为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”。
25.D　根据上文可知，作者受母亲影响，形成了积极的工作态度。
26.C　根据下文可知，作者甚至在拿到学位证书之前，就得到了一份全职工作。
27.D　根据下文She has given me so much love over the years可知，作者很感激自己的妈妈。
28.A　根据上文可知，作者的母亲是作者最好的榜样。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.to express　2.to be held　3.to have lost　4.to practice　5.To solve　6.to find　7.to prove
维度二
1.When I was a junior three student， my aim was to be the best student in my class.
2.To achieve this goal， I decided to stay up to study until midnight like my deskmate.
3.I tried to be the first to arrive and the last to leave， only to find myself always sleepy in class.
4.It was very important to have enough sleep.
5.He advised me to make a plan that/which is suitable for myself.
维度三
1.to eat　2.to try　3.To eat　4.to enhance　5.to choose　6.to make　7.frying　8.cooking　9.to invite　10.to show
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人类不负责任地将塑料丢进海洋，可是，让我们意想不到的是，这些塑料又通过海洋生物回到了我们的餐桌。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，作者这里在谈论海鲜中所含塑料微粒对人类所带来的影响。因此画线词意为“可能的影响”。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，海洋中的塑料微粒会影响鱼类的生长、改变它们的饮食习惯；而且，它们可能会放弃原来有营养的食物而喜欢上塑料。
3.D　段落大意题。根据第五段可知，本段主要告诉我们：我们丢弃的塑料最终又回到了我们的餐桌。也就是说去的（goes around）又回来了（comes around）。
4.B　写作意图题。根据最后两段可知，倒数第二段指出我们所面临形势的严峻性，最后一段主要呼吁我们采取实际行动来解决此问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。尼斯湖水怪被称为世界十大自然之谜之一。本文通过几位专家的观点说明这一怪兽很有可能只是子虚乌有的美丽传说。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者之所以将尼斯湖水怪与Elvis Presley、Madonna 及Coca-Cola等明星及知名品牌并列，是因为他们都具有非常高的知名度与广泛的影响力。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，尼斯湖水怪的传说可以追溯到公元6世纪，但是直到20世纪30年代它才真正广为人知。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，在Jonathan Downes看来，关于尼斯湖水怪，最为奇怪的是它虽然影响力很大，但是并没有任何证据证明其真正存在。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Adrian Shine根据自己第一手经历认为尼斯湖水怪这一传说是不可靠的，再结合他的讲话可以判断，他对此持怀疑态度。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了法国探险家雅克·卡蒂埃的三次航海探险经历。
9.B　根据空前的Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold ...和空后的It became France’s main route into Canada.可知，B项（相反，雅克·卡蒂埃发现了圣劳伦斯河）符合语境，且空后的It指的就是B项中的the Saint Lawrence River。
10.G　根据上文中的In about 1534，the king of France asked him to lead an expedition可推知，在1534年，卡蒂埃横渡大西洋到了现在的加拿大。G项中的时间与上文相符，符合语境。
11.A　根据空后的This time， Cartier sailed deeper into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence ...可推知，在1535年5月，卡蒂埃进行了第二次航行。故A项符合语境。
12.C　根据空前的the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada可知，C项（加拿大的严寒令卡蒂埃和船员们难以承受，其中一些船员死于严寒）符合语境。
13.F　根据空前的Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic和空后的he was told that they were just the common minerals pyrite （fool’s gold） and quartz可知，1541年卡蒂埃第三次北航，他进一步探险，发现了他认为是黄金和宝石的“宝物”。故F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。4岁时的一次坐船经历点燃了麦克阿瑟环游世界的激情，她最终实现了梦想，把不可能变成了可能。
14.B　“我”突然想到，这艘船拥有带“我们”到世界上任何地方所需要的一切。It strikes/struck sb that ...为固定句型，意为“某人突然想到……”。
15.D　这一切让麦克阿瑟开阔了眼界，感受到极大的自由感。
16.A　这次经历点燃了她想环游世界的激情。
17.C　她想要环游世界，从小在乡下长大的她不知道如何做到这一点。
18.B　她为此获取知识，攒了多年的钱。
19.A　八年里，她只吃土豆和豆类，终于攒够了钱购买合适的设备。
20.B　这里指做好了经济上和航海知识上的储备，询问的应该是航海技术问题。
21.B　参见上题解析。
22.C　麦克阿瑟觉得她离自己追求的目标越来越近了。
23.D　不可能的事也可能发生，把目标定得高并不一定是一件疯狂的事情。
24.D　麦克阿瑟成为一名航海者的计划似乎超出了她的预期。
25.B　她开始受到媒体的关注。
26.C　四年后，麦克阿瑟选择航行71天14个小时，航程超过26，000英里。
27.D　尽管这一纪录已经被打破，麦克阿瑟仍然被认为是英国最成功的航海赛选手。
28.A　所以当你知道你要去哪里的时候，你实际可以到达那里，即使这看起来是不可能的。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国新型深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”在马里亚纳海沟潜水10，909米，创下中国载人深潜新纪录。
29.national　设空处作定语，应用形容词修饰名词短语diving record。故填national。
30.have visited　根据时间状语so far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语people表示复数意义，助动词用have，故填have visited。
31.carrying　此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语each one指代上文的divers，动词carry和divers之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填carrying。
32.the　形容词最高级deepest前应用定冠词the。
33.depth　分析句子结构并结合空前的a可知，设空处应用名词，故填depth。
34.which　分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面整句话，在从句中作主语，故填which。
35.to bear　allow sb/sth to do sth允许某人/某物做某事。故填to bear。
36.with　根据语境可知，此处指“用其灵活的机械臂”，应用介词with。
37.currently　设空处作状语，应用副词形式，故填currently。
38.exploration　设空处应用名词作宾语，exploration意为“探索”，为不可数名词。
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.opponents　2.marine　3.arrest　4.exploited　5.Meanwhile
维度二
1.professional　2.mixture　3.possessions　4.applause
维度三
1.attracts more people to pay attention to
2.so beautiful that
3.So sudden was the attack
4.As he grew older
维度四
1.has caused　2.more　3.another　4.was banned
5.possessions　6.truly　7.but　8.Logging　9.for
10.economic
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。有些海洋生物所产生的有毒化学物质对人类很有用，科学家们现在正在寻找其中可以用于治疗人类疾病的化学物质。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的But many organisms （生物体） there produce poisonous chemicals to keep away from predators.可知，许多海洋生物会产生有毒的化学物质来抵御捕食者，也就是说，海洋生物产生有毒的化学物质是为了生存。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，对于需要潜水工作的科学家来说，鲨鱼并不是海洋中最可怕的东西，因海底落差产生的强大洋流也同样是致命的。由此可知，当科学家在水下工作时，危险的动物和洋流会威胁他们的生命。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，科学家们在来自海底的样本里发现了混合物，它们可以杀死现在的一些抗生素不能杀死的细菌。有一种混合物还能减轻阿尔茨海默病的症状。由此可推知，这些来自海底样本的混合物有特殊的功能。
4.D　标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段最后一句可知，本文主要讲述了科学家们潜到海里收集各种海洋生物产生的化学物质，用于制作药物。因此D项（潜水寻找新药）适合作文章标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人工智能的发展给人类带来了巨大的挑战，很多科学家开始意识到这一威胁，呼吁我们开始防范这一风险。
5.C　观点态度题。根据第一段可知，Ben Garfinkel重点强调了人工智能对人类可能带来的潜在风险和威胁。由此判断，他对人工智能的态度是谨慎和担忧的。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Richard Socher认为人们夸大了人工智能可能带来的风险，他更强调去除偏见并倡导多样化。由此判断，他心胸宽广。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，我们目前几乎没有采取多少有效措施来防范人工智能发展可能带来的风险，我们只是关注那些人们熟悉的风险。
8.D　推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者主要通过大量引用一些科学家及研究人员的话来展开文章。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者发现自己有严重的脸盲症以后生活发生的变化以及作者对这件事态度的转变。
9.B　根据下文作者的提问Aren’t you supposed to be in London？可知，作者对于看到明明已经离开这个城市去伦敦的 Sandy 这件事情感到很意外。
10.A　根据上下文可知，Sandy应该是盯着作者说话。
11.C　根据上文I then found out that I have a rare disease — face blindness.可知，因为“我”发现自己有脸盲症，所以“我”去看了医生。选项中和 found out 意思最接近的是discovery。
12.C　根据上下文可知，作者对于这件事情不是很在乎，反正其他人也不关心自己是否有脸盲症。
13.D　根据常识可知，脸盲症是一种认不清人的脸、对别人的脸型失去辨认能力的一种病，可以推断它是和大脑有关的。
14.A　根据上文的关键词 nothing 可知，脸盲症目前没有特别好的治疗方式。promising有前途的；有希望的。
15.C　根据上文After a sad goodbye， I fled in tears.可知，作者应该是很绝望的。
16.A　根据上文Dad gave me some important advice可知，本空所表达的含义是“建议”。
17.B　根据下文If they smiled， I stopped to chat.可知，作者会对望向自己方向的人报以微笑，如果对方也笑了，他就会停下来和对方聊天。
18.B　根据上文作者在校园里和他人聊天的方式可知，对方不一定是作者认识的，所以作者应该是很擅长和陌生人聊天。
19.D　根据上文可知，作者有脸盲症，所以生日会上的很多朋友他都不能够认出。
20.C　根据下文可知，实际上，作者是可以通过参加课程的方式治疗脸盲症的，但是他并没有，而是把时间花在了自己喜欢的事情上面。
21.D　根据上文的would rather 可知，作者应该是宁愿把时间花在自己喜欢的事情上。
22.B　根据上句可知，作者在认出鸟的种类时很激动。
23.D　根据下文I’ve learnt to see the world可知，脸盲症对于作者来说是一件好事情。
Ⅲ.
Stop Plastic Pollution， Protect the Sea
As is known to all， plastic pollution is becoming so serious that our seas have been greatly damaged.It is reported that those microplastics have come to our dinner table together with the seafood we eat.What a tragic fact！
It’s high time that we took effective measures to improve the situation.What we need to do is simple — stop using all single-use plastic products， such as plastic bags， plastic cups， and plastic tableware.Instead， we should practice the 3Rs： Reduce， Reuse， and Recycle.
The sea provides countless benefits for the Earth and all the creatures on it.Let’s take action to protect it for you， for me， and for our planet！
The Students’ Union
Ⅳ.
　　Next， he turned to Mike and yelled，“Give me a rock！” With the rock， he hit the window over and over but had little success.Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window.He balanced himself on the truck， leaned back and threw the rock at the window.Finally， the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass.Relieved， Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued.The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.With trembling hands， Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear.His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone，“Are you home yet？ Everything’s good？” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern.Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.Hanging up the phone， he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them.Cold as the rain was， great warmth filled his heart like never before.
UNIT 4　SHARING
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.handshake　2.rigid　3.secondary　4.cotton　5.dragged
6.shade　7.tablets　8.uniform
维度二
1.Chemistry　2.where　3.mailed　4.to　5.shaded　6.weeding
维度三
1.from where he saw the man take something on the desk
2.it’s a privilege to do voluntary work
3.it took her a week to recover
4.I was about to go shopping when
5.not to mention water to bathe in
维度四
1.which　2.to have　3.of　4.greeted　5.a　6.challenging
7.to get　8.warmly　9.felt　10.to have spent
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Casey McIntyre最近因癌症去世。为了纪念她，人们已经捐赠了60多万美元，这些钱将帮助支付其他病人大约6，000万美元的医疗费用。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Casey McIntyre意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运——她有保险来支付医疗费用。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，RIP Medical Debt这一组织主要帮助那些经济困难的病人支付所欠医院的账单。
3.B　细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，Mr Gregory在社交媒体上发布这条消息的主要目的是募集资金来帮助其他病人，最终他们募集了60多万美元。
4.B　推理判断题。综合全文可知，Casey McIntyre自己虽然身患癌症，但她一直致力于帮助其他病人筹集资金来支付医疗账单，这说明她是体贴和有爱心的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，帮助他人无论对我们的身体还是精神都有很大的好处——其中最大的好处是可以延长我们的生命。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这一新的研究表明，经常帮助别人可以大大降低我们过早死亡的概率。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这句话表达的意思是：要想长寿，仅仅偶尔做好事是不够的，我们应该经常做好事。
7.D　段落大意题。根据第五段可知，本段主要告诉我们帮助他人可以促进我们的社会交往，从而减少孤独给我们带来的危害。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，如果花在志愿活动上的时间太多，那么助人就会变成一种负担，同时也会影响我们的健康。因此作者的态度是志愿活动也要适度。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。人人都需要自信，我们在自己建立自信的同时，也应该帮助他人建立自信。
9.E　下文中的our children， our students， and our employees正好与E项中的those对应。
10.A　下文接连出现两个the more ...句式，正好与A项相匹配。
11.B　上文列举了两个问题，这里针对这两个问题进行分析；后面句子Which one matters more to you？暗示B项符合语境，与其并列。
12.G　分析语境可知，逗号后面是主句，逗号前面是一个从句，因此G项符合语境。
13.D　上句指出：几乎每个真正自信的人都有人无条件地支持他/她。D项则接着建议我们去无条件地支持他人。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过“一天一件好事”计划，不但改变了他人的生活，而且给自己带来了快乐。
14.D　作者认为自己和家人过多地关注自己的事，也就是对周围的人缺乏关心和体贴。
15.D　结合下文可知，作者想通过帮助他人让自己的生活变得更有意义。
16.A　作者买了一本日记，给其取名为Our Deed Diary。
17.B　作者想让自己的丈夫和女儿们考虑为他人做好事。
18.C　结合上文可知，作者这项计划的目的是减少对自己的关注，去照亮他人的生活。
19.B　根据下段首句可知，作者所从事的是一项“计划”。
20.B　根据下段最后一句可知，这项计划中所做的每一件好事，应该是出乎对方意料的。
21.C　给教师制作贺卡是很简单的事。
22.A　作者一家决定将每天做的好事记录下来并在晚饭时间讨论。
23.D　根据下文可知，对于这项计划中所做的好事有严格的要求。
24.A　作者一家每天都做好事。on a regular basis经常。
25.B　由于该计划对所作好事有严格的要求，因此送贺卡这种事是不算的。
26.C　作者一家每天为他人所做的好事应该算是一种努力。
27.D　结合下文可知，作者一家从事的这项计划对他们的生活带来了很大的影响和改变。make a difference有影响，起作用。
28.C　作者认为我们应该考虑每天可以为别人做些什么。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.against　2.a　3.in　4.to win　5.resignation
维度二
1.The government gave out food to people out of work.
2.The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
3.The boy deserved punishment for stealing/having stolen the tablet of the shop.
4.If this bill is not paid within five days， your gas supply will be cut off.
5.He gets/becomes very frustrated when people don’t understand what he’s trying to say.
维度三
　　Last Sunday，our volunteer club went to the home for the aged.On arriving there， we got down to doing some cleaning， after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces， they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were， we felt very happy.Most importantly， we could do something beneficial to others.
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们经常抱怨越来越多的压力和越来越快的生活节奏，可是，压力和快节奏也有其好处。
1.C　段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段主要说明我们的生活节奏日益加快。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者认为，我们通常只是看到压力之“弊”，却忽视了压力之“利”。
3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，作者认为，虽然自动化剥夺了一些工作，但它同时创造了一些新工作，而且还代替我们做一些枯燥和危险的工作。
4.D　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，虽然我们都抱怨现在快节奏的生活，但是没有人愿意再回到过去。由此判断，作者对快节奏的生活方式持赞成的态度。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。很多父母都喜欢在社交媒体上晒自己孩子的照片，可是，这些父母是否考虑过孩子们长大后的想法和感受呢？
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，父母们对于在社交媒体上晒自己孩子照片的做法感到自豪并认为这理所当然。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Nominet的调查显示，小孩到5岁生日时，父母平均晒其照片1，498张，因此平均每年晒大约300张。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第六、七段可知，Lucy感觉自己的照片在网上被晒有点尴尬。
8.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Dana Hurley小时候喜欢自己的照片被晒，可是现在她感觉这样做很古怪。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了何为幸福以及我们怎样才能获得幸福这一话题。
9.C　上句在讨论对“幸福”的定义，本句接着说“无论你怎么定义幸福，我们都渴望得到它”。因此C项符合语境。
10.E　下句提到的this ability to regulate正是指E项所说的“管理情绪起落的能力”。
11.F　下文告诉我们：一些研究表明，积极的心理品质会降低患心血管疾病的风险，因此F项（许多研究发现了心理和身体健康之间的联系）符合语境。
12.G　上文提到幸福感强的人往往会有良好的生活习惯，G项进一步说明：心态乐观的人更热爱参加健康的活动。
13.D　上句提到人们的幸福感会随着收入的增长而增强，本句接着告诉我们：当年收入超过75，000美元后，幸福感则不会进一步增加。因此D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名华裔，作者感觉在哪个群体中都找不到自己的归属；但是通过传承中国的饮食——水饺，却获得了一种归属感。
14.B　根据语境可知，虽然作者生长在既有中国人也有白人的社区，但是自己却没有特别感到自己属于哪个群体。前后句之间是转折关系。
15.A　根据下文内容可知，作者不会说汉语，所以和中国孩子们在一起时总是无法融入其中，自我感觉被排斥。
16.D　根据上下文语境可知，作者感觉不到自己真正属于哪个群体。
17.C　从下文多次出现的food和dumplings可知，作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感。
18.B　参见上题解析。
19.A　作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感，也就是中国的食物成了他和中国的联系。
20.B　根据语境可知，作者包好水饺后，把水饺冷冻，然后等顾客来取走。
21.C　前来购买作者水饺的应该统称为顾客。
22.C　根据下文内容可知，作者认为自己做的这些事不是什么新鲜事，也不是什么特别的事情。
23.B　根据空前but表示的转折内容可知，虽然作者认为自己仅仅是个生意人，但是他在乎自己做的事情。care about意为“在乎；关心”。
24.B　作者喜欢食物本身所传递的信息。
25.D　作者研究中国的饮食传统并且制作出更加美味的水饺。由此推断，他是在通过自己的生意来展现自己对中国饮食的理解。
26.D　根据上文可知，作者找不到归属，但是水饺却让他有了对中国饮食的认同，确定了自己的身份，从而获得了归属感。
27.A　作者通过研究饮食文化并且通过自己的生意展现出自己对饮食文化的理解，由此可知，他是在分享这些饮食文化传统。
28.D　饮食文化表现了一种民族文化所珍视的东西。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们这样一个事实：给人生赋予意义有助于我们获得幸福。
29.overlooked　这里表示该答案“被忽略”，应用过去分词作后置定语。
30.having　本句中　　　　 a strong sense of meaning in life作主语，因此应用动词-ing形式。
31.On　on the whole是固定短语，意为“总的说来”。
32.who/that　本句中participants为先行词，应用关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句。
33.frequently　此处应用一个副词来修饰谓语动词contacted，故填frequently。
34.is　本句主语为动词-ing短语Connecting socially with others，视为单数，故填系动词is。
35.but　前后两个分句存在转折关系，故填并列连词but。
36.personal　本空后面是名词happiness，故填形容词personal。
37.benefits　这里benefit是可数名词，应用复数形式。
38.better　这里是将ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning与前面的pursuing happiness as an end-state进行对比，故填good的比较级better。
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.criterion/criteria　2.resigned　3.circuit　4.contract
5.granted　6.relay
维度二
1.disability　2.stability　3.consultation　4.lately
5.to be treated/treating　6.praying
维度三
1.take it for granted that
2.consult your doctor about your illness
3.is worth participating in this winter vacation
4.Now that you have started senior school life
维度四
1.development　2.as　3.sent　4.are　5.natural　6.that/which　7.running　8.does　9.was invented　10.helping
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。妹妹在圣诞节得到了一辆崭新的自行车，作者为此感到嫉妒和不快；可是，令作者不解的是，父亲却说这份礼物不是给妹妹的，是给他的。最后，作者终于懂得了父亲这句话的含义。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者为这辆自行车付出了60美元，父亲付出了另外60美元。由此可知，这辆自行车价值120美元。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者之所以认为自己正式拥有了这辆自行车，是因为他还清了当时买自行车时欠父亲的钱。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第四、五两段可知，作者刚开始得到录音机很高兴，可是当他看到妹妹从父亲那里得到一辆崭新的十速自行车时，一下子就心理不平衡了。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者最后终于明白了父亲那句话的含义：父亲其实给了自己一份特殊的礼物——那就是妹妹的陪伴。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，将金钱花在经历性质的活动上要比花在物质上给我们带来的幸福感更多。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者认为商场里的这些购物者没读过Van Boven的文章，而Van Boven的文章建议人们将金钱花在经历上而不是物质上。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，这些人之所以选择5万美元，是因为周围的人都挣2.5万美元。
7.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，经历性消费比物质性消费更加个人、更加独特，也更加难以比较。
8.A　推理判断题。最后一段告诉我们经历性消费的第二个好处，那就是有助于我们加强人际交往并建立与他人的美好回忆。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。坎迪斯·佩恩是芝加哥的一位爱心人士，在极地寒潮袭来之时，她慷慨解囊，为露宿街头的无家可归者们预订了宾馆房间。
9.C　根据下文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，佩恩用她的信用卡预订了20个宾馆房间。charge sth on one’s credit card用某人的信用卡购买某物。
10.D　根据上文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，当意识到零下的气温对芝加哥无家可归者的生命构成威胁后，佩恩预订了宾馆房间。
11.A　根据上文A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm.可知，这些需要救助的贫穷的芝加哥人无家可归。
12.C　根据上文She posted about it on social media可知，在社交媒体上发布之后，好心人纷纷响应，为芝加哥无家可归的人提供捐助。
13.D　根据下文可知，佩恩猜测也许捐赠者不知道该怎么提供帮助。
14.B　根据上文可知，佩恩是无家可归者与捐助者之间的联系人。
15.B　根据下文可知，气温继续下降，无家可归者面临的危险更大了。
16.A　根据下文and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago’s South Side可知，佩恩与其他志愿者花很多钱在芝加哥南部预订了60个宾馆房间。dig deep into one’s pockets花很多钱。
17.D　根据下文even though most of them just met可知，尽管这些志愿者大部分刚刚认识，但是他们建立了长久的友谊。
18.B　根据下文可知，他们打算在大街上过夜的时候，志愿者们为他们提供了温暖的床铺。
19.C　参见上题解析。
20.A　at that point在那时候，这里指气温骤降、无处御寒的时候。
21.A　根据上文They hugged Payne and thanked her可知，佩恩和其他志愿者的帮助出乎他们的意料。
22.C　根据上文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，这个志愿者组织已经能够为大约80人支付三个晚上的宾馆费用。
23.B　根据上文They’re hoping to continue working together可知，他们希望继续在一起工作，其目的是提供长期的解决方案。
Ⅲ.
　　I have been fond of and good at writing since I was young.In one Chinese class when I was in Grade Eight， the teacher advised me to share my writing techniques with the other students.I was only too glad to do so.I went to the platform and shared my views on how to write a good composition.It turned out that my speech was such a great success that all my classmates applauded warmly in the end.I felt a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
As the saying goes，“Sharing is caring.” When we are sharing， not only are we caring about others， but we are also spreading knowledge and positive energy to them.
Ⅳ.
　　I was completely surprised at the news.What should I do？ Having prepared for such a long time， I didn’t think of that coming up.Feeling at a loss， I was brainstorming as hard as I could to think of a solution， when a gentle touch on my back brought me back to reality.It was my mum， who looked at me with care and concern.“You have prepared for it enough.You can do it by yourself.” she said after my stumbled explanation.I looked back at her eyes， and a sense of confidence and warmness swelled up in my heart.Yes， I could do it myself.
　　Finally came the big moment.Looking around the audience， I stepped onto the stage， with butterflies in my stomach.My voice trembled at first， but with the melodies flew around， the nervousness was gone with the wind.Emotions filled in my song， I performed as naturally as I spoke every day.I saw my mum， who was looking at me with reassurance and care.It turned out to be a good performance， which helped me conquer my fears and turned me into a new person.
UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.profile　2.detective　3.aptitude　4.assemble　5.debts　6.categorised
维度二
1.participants　2.conclusion　3.lawyer　4.accountant　5.greedy
维度三
1.I wish I had no exams
2.It is important for individuals to exercise regularly
3.was sent to spy on
4.gave her a head start over
5.to participate in extra-curricular activities
维度四
1.meeting　2.defines　3.to think　4.the　5.strengths　6.of　7.them　8.to grade　9.that/which　10.clearly
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们经常听到的一条求职建议是——做你喜欢的事。可是，作者对此有不同的看法。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，关于这条求职建议，作者最大的疑问是——究竟如何定义“热情”。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，作者认为，这三种职业选择方向都没有任何问题，也没有孰高孰低的区别，都是平等且合理的。
3.C　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，这里作者表达的意思是：做你喜欢的工作，刚开始我们可能感觉很好，但时间长了就会慢慢厌倦。也就是说，每一种工作有其令人烦恼的地方。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者举烹饪一例，是为了说明当我们所热爱的事变为一种职业时，我们对待自己所热爱事物的态度也会慢慢发生变化。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。面试时我们经常会被问到What is your greatest weakness？这个问题，我们该如何回答呢？本文就此进行了说明。
5.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，人们之所以害怕回答这个问题，是因为他们担心失去这个工作机会。由此可推知，画线词意为“获得”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第四至七段可知，如实承认缺点没有什么，重要的是强调缺点带来的积极的一面。
7.B　推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者在第二段首次提出我们应该诚实回答面试问题，接下来的举例都是围绕这一原则展开，直到结尾还在建议我们如实承认自己的缺点。由此可推知，本文要强调的原则是：诚为上策。
8.A　写作意图题。综合全文可知，作者一开始提出问题，接下来通过举例来给我们提出一些建议，帮助我们来回答这一面试难题。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一些建议。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。高中生开始面临未来的职业选择问题，作为家长应该做一些什么呢？
9.E　上文指出高中毕业年级的学生需要考虑未来的职业发展道路，E项说明这个阶段选择的重要性，符合语境。上文中的Senior year in high school与E项中的in this stage相呼应。
10.F　根据上下文可知，这里作者在谈论兼职工作的好处，因此F项符合语境。F项中的They指代上文中的part-time jobs。
11.G　上文说明读人物传记的好处，其中的It will help them正好与G项中的It will also make your teen并列。
12.A　本段主要说明从事志愿者工作的好处，因此A项适合作为本段的小标题。
13.D　本段建议高中生参加一些性格测试或人格测试，参加这种测试的目的是深入了解自己，故D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。高中阶段是探索未来职业道路的最佳时间，作者就高中生如何进行职业规划提供了自己的建议。
14.C　作者认为，事实上，这是我们探索自己未来职业道路的最佳时间。
15.C　根据第二段中的planning ahead is ...可知，作者在这里强调了计划的重要性。
16.A　结合常识可知，作者下文给出的建议是缩小我们关于未来职业选择的范围。
17.B　作者帮助我们创建路线图的目的是让我们实现职业目标。achieve/reach/attain a goal是固定搭配。
18.D　作者认为，提前计划是青少年职业选择最可靠的途径。
19.B　本段主要强调青少年在选择职业前首先要真正了解自己。
20.C　在考虑职业选择问题之前，你首先要弄明白你真正喜欢什么。figure out想清楚；弄明白。
21.A　根据下句中的you don’t have to write down your answers可知，职业路线图的第一站是问自己一些问题。
22.D　即使你不（在纸上）写下这些问题的答案，这些答案也会植入你的大脑。
23.A　目前你喜欢从事的活动会给你未来的职业选择提供一些线索。
24.B　毫无疑问，我们都在追求令自己满意的和能给自己成就感的职业。
25.C　本段一直在讨论个人的兴趣爱好，也就是说职业规划的第一要素是兴趣。
26.A　每个人都有自己擅长的事，你也不例外。... be no exception表示“……也不例外”。
27.B　本段在谈论个人特长。当你上高中时，一些才能已经很明显了，然而还有一些才能需要探索和挖掘。
28.D　明确你的价值观，所谓价值观，也就是对一个人来说最重要的东西。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.or　2.that　3.that　4.where　5.so/and　6.who
维度二
1.Our outdoor activity will last three hours and we’ll come back at about 11 o’clock.
2.We’ll organise all kinds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practice but also learn more English.
3.Because he missed the first bus， he was late for school.
4.The police wants to know when you entered the room.
5.Several weeks had passed before I knew the painting was lost.
维度三
1.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.
2.I hope to live where the air is fresh and people are friendly.
3.Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.
4.Thank you so much for not only giving me life， but also teaching me how to be a good person.
5.In the past， we had to sit at our desks in silence and pay attention to what the teachers were saying.
6.The other day I attended an English speech contest in which I won the first prize.
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今人们工作时间越来越长，作者认为长时间工作有很大的危害。
1.A　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要阐述了工作的价值。
2.C　推理判断题。第三段指出全球有4亿多人每周工作49小时以上，接下来第四段又以Elon Musk为例，说明那些高层管理人员工作时间也很长。因此作者以Elon Musk为例是为了表明工作时间长是普遍现象。
3.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者认为长时间工作不利于完成更多的任务，这样做会付出很高的代价，也就是说作者认为长时间工作是有害的。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，《纽约时报》采访Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%，因此投资者是有点失望的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。许多人认为，最大限度地工作是成功的秘诀，但研究发现，适度工作也能取得不错的成果。
5.D　推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Ellen Langer的研究表明适度的努力会产生最好的结果。
6.B　词义猜测题。根据语境以及while前后表对比关系可知，那些在会议室吃饭时闲聊的同事会得到别人不屑的目光，即被认为不努力工作；相反，那些在办公桌前吃午饭的年轻银行家可能被视为是一个努力上进的人。由此可知，go-getter应该指那些努力工作以求成功的人。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，积极的情绪能够提高生产力和创造力，也就是说，愉快的心情有助于创造性思维。
8.A　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，文章主要告诉我们适度的工作也会带来很好的成果，所以文章提倡适度工作，即中庸的工作习惯。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。就职业规划而言，越早越好。我们应该如何确定未来的职业道路呢？
9.A　上句指出高中生应该开始考虑未来的职业规划，A项对此进一步强调，A项中的do so指代上句中的started thinking about what your career options。
10.D　下句中的Other people与D项中的some people正好呼应，故D项符合语境。
11.F　上句以You shouldn’t开头，F项也以You shouldn’t开头，两句形成并列，都是对读者提出的职业选择建议。
12.E　本段主要讲述性格测试，E项符合语境，和后面几句都是针对性格提出的问题。
13.G　上句建议我们列出一些我们感兴趣的工作，G项中的They正好指代上句中的jobs。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小就有当医生的梦想并为之而努力，最终他的梦想成真。
14.A　根据倒数第二段中became a doctor as I had wished可知，作者如愿以偿地成为一名医生。由此可知，作者应该是用纸箱做了一个诊所，并在接下来的几天里，欣然治愈了见到的每个人。
15.C　参见上题解析。
16.B　作者扮演医生的角色，狗和猫，以及奶奶组成了他的大部分患者。
17.B　根据下文but the dream stayed可知，作者用纸箱做的诊所不复存在了。
18.D　根据上文the dream stayed及下文可知，作者的梦想在多年之后才得以实现，所以上下文是转折关系。
19.D　根据下文So I decided to work可知，高中毕业后，作者上不起大学。
20.C　根据上文的So I decided to work及下文中的take college classes at night可知，作者决定一边工作，一边去上一些课程。
21.B　根据上文中的but the dream stayed可知，本空应填梦想。
22.A　根据下文内容可知，作者修完了全部的课程并最终成为一名医生，因此他付出了足够的时间和钱去上夜校。
23.A　根据下文中的Before I knew it， another college degree可知，随着时间的推移，作者获得了自己的第一个大学学位。
24.D　根据下文so did the amount of effort and funds I could spend on my university classes可知，作者的工作有了改善。
25.B　根据上文another college degree可知，作者完成了另一个大学学位。
26.C　根据下文中的a joyful lifelong process可知，作者是在享受教育。
27.C　根据上下文可知，作者最终成为一名医生，实现了他的梦想。
28.A　根据上文可知，作者通过上夜校来接受教育并获得学位，最终实现了自己当医生的梦想。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。新西兰一家公司采取（一周）四天工作制，其结果出乎人们的意料。
29.to follow　这里需要宾语补足语，因此填入动词不定式形式to follow。
30.in　本句表示生产力（率）取得了20%的增长。介词in表示“在某个方面”。
31.that　名词hopes后面表示“希望”的具体内容，是一个同位语从句，因此填入连词that。
32.switched　根据下文可知，这里在讲述过去发生的事，因此用一般过去时。
33.their　本空后面是名词pay，因此填入一个形容词性物主代词。
34.done　这里表示“被做的”工作，因此用过去分词done作后置定语，修饰前面的名词work。
35.it　give it a go是一个固定表达，表示“尝试一下”。
36.improvement　空前的定冠词the暗示这里应用一个名词。
37.closely　本空后面是动词watched，因此填入副词closely。
38.has received　本句后面的时间状语so far暗示这里应用现在完成时。
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.proficiency　2.receipt　3.certificate　4.council
5.handwriting　6.fox　7.caged　8.acquire
维度二
1.parking　2.fried　3.Employers　4.financial
5.Acquirement　6.woolen
维度三
1.give priority to
2.what to do
3.I have an urgent thing to attend to
4.acquiring knowledge through reading
5.we drew/reached/came to the conclusion that the project was impractical/not practical
维度四
1.to　2.helper　3.are required　4.varieties　5.a　6.friendly
7.which　8.working　9.has been　10.to decide
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们都渴望成功。不过，成功也有其负面效应，有时它甚至是失败的催化剂。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Greg McKeown 15年前就从法学院退学，然后开始研究的话题是Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
维度一：品句填词
1.If the 　　　　　　（握手） is weak， it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.
2.At the very moment， we were seized with panic.I sat upright， my body 　　　　　　（僵硬的） with fear.
3.By the time they started 　　　　　　（中等教育的） school， children were already far more aware of their image online.
4.These shirts are 100% pure 　　　　（棉布）.
5.The old man 　　　　　　（拖） the net with all his strength， only to find nothing but an old pan.
6.The medicine should be kept in the s　　　　　， or they will lose effectiveness.
7.Mr and Mrs Miller were tired from working all day and the children were busy playing on t　　　　　　.
8.As the music played， some students dressed in u　　　　　　 marched in with the national flag.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of 　　　　　　（chemist） Department of Sydney University.
2.The app WeChat provides a networking platform 　　　　　　communication has become faster and faster.
3.I put the letter in an envelope， attached a stamp and 　　　　　　（mail） it.
4.Through the activity， I believe it is labor that matters a lot and that small efforts made by everyone can make a great difference 　　　　　our society.
5.I really like having a walk along 　　　　　　（shade） road with my friends after school.
6.His parents always had him 　　　　　　（weed） the garden and carrying out the garbage.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.He hid himself behind the door， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（from where）
他躲在门后，从那里他看到那个男人拿了桌子上的什么东西。
2.In my sister’s opinion， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（privilege）
在我姐姐看来，做志愿者工作是一件荣幸的事情。
3.She caught a cold and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她患了感冒，用了一周的时间才恢复过来。
4.Yesterday， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Jack called me.（be about to ...when ...）
昨天我正要去购物，这时杰克突然打来了电话。
5.They are always short of water to drink， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他们总是缺少饮用水，更不用说用来洗澡的水了。
维度四：课文语法填空
I got a parcel from home，1.　　　　　　 took about two weeks to arrive.Though it was a bit damaged， I felt very delighted because I’ve been dying 2.　　　　 （have） some of my favourite sweets.
My secondary school is a bush school.The classrooms are made 3.　　　　　　 bamboo.When I reach the school grounds， I’m 4.　　　　 （greet） by the boys who have to walk 5.　　　　 long way， sometimes for up to two hours to get to school.
There’s no electricity， running water or even textbooks， not to mention modern devices！ I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions.Science is my most 6.　　　　　　 （challenge） subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.
Last weekend I made my first visit with another teacher to Tombe’s village.It took us two and a half hours 7.　　　　　　 （get） there.When we arrived， Tombe’s mother and all the villagers greeted us 8.　　　　　　 （warm）.
　　We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.Though I 9.　　　　 （feel） very exhausted， that evening I fell happily into bed.It was such a privilege 10.　　　　 （spend） a day with Tombe’s family.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·沧州十校高二下月考）Casey McIntyre recently died of cancer.Before she passed away， Ms McIntyre set up a way to help others.Now， over $600，000 has been donated in her memory， and that money will help to pay off around $60 million of other people’s medical bills.
　　Ms McIntyre， who was 38， worked as a publisher in New York City.In 2019， doctors told her that she had a serious kind of cancer.Though doctors treated her for the cancer， Ms McIntyre’s health got worse.
　　But she realised that in a way， she was luckier than some other people.She had insurance to help pay for her medical care.“Casey had no medical debt，” said her husband， Andrew Rose Gregory.That means she didn’t owe money for her medical care.
　　But Ms McIntyre and her husband knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care.Ms McIntyre worried about others who weren’t as lucky as she had been.
　　Soon， Ms McIntyre and her husband began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt.This group works to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others.Usually， the group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they actually cost.In other words， for every $100 donated， the group can pay off $10，000 in unpaid medical bills.
　　On 12 November， Ms McIntyre passed away.Mr Gregory posted a message for Ms McIntyre on her social media accounts.“If you’re reading this I have passed away，” the post began.Then the post explained， “To celebrate my life， I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debt and then destroy the debt.”
　　The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose.They had hoped to raise about $20，000.But Ms McIntyre’s post attracted a lot of attention.As of 22 November， Ms McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627，000， or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debt.
1.In which way did Ms McIntyre feel luckier？（　　）
A.She had a happy family.
B.Her illness wasn’t serious.
C.Her husband was healthy.
D.She had medical insurance.
2.What’s the purpose of RIP Medical Debt？（　　）
A.To help cancer patients.
B.To cure serious diseases.
C.To help patients with medical bills.
D.To offer medical advice for patients.
3.Why did Mr Gregory post a message on social media？（　　）
A.To announce her wife’s death.
B.To appeal for some donations.
C.To raise people’s health awareness.
D.To collect some money for her wife.
4.Which of the following can best describe Ms McIntyre？（　　）
A.Outgoing and cheerful. B.Caring and considerate.
C.Intelligent and creative. D.Active and determined.
B
　　（2024·南京高二下质检）Want a longer life？ Volunteer to do good and you might benefit at least as much.And being selfless can also be good for both body and soul.
A new review of the health effects of volunteering found that helping others on a regular basis can reduce early mortality rates （死亡率） by 22%， compared to those in people who don’t participate in such activities.
The review also revealed that volunteers benefit from reduced rates of depression and an increased sense of life satisfaction and wellbeing — doing good， it seems， made them feel good.
But don’t expect to enjoy the benefits of long life after donating a few coins in the next charity collection.It takes regular sacrifice of time and effort to engage the sense of reward that comes from volunteering — in the research， participants volunteered at least an hour of work， once a month and often， pitched in more frequently.
Helping others probably benefits health by increasing social contact and reducing loneliness， which another review found to be as dangerous as smoking in contributing to high blood pressure， heart attacks and strokes and dementia.In contrast， socializing with friends and family — which volunteer work promotes — lowers dementia risk.
But taken too extremes， even being selfless can be too much of a good thing.The authors found some studies that suggested people who sacrificed in order to care for family members could become less healthy both emotionally and physically， since they are frequently overwhelmed （使受不了） with heavy responsibilities.The same can be true for other types of volunteering， if the activities start to become a burden rather than a relief.
“There may be a fine line between volunteering enough to experience mental health benefits （up to 10 hours a month） and spending too much time volunteering so it becomes a burden，” the authors write.“If volunteering becomes a burden， this may lead to ‘burnout’.”
They also note that more work is needed to understand whether volunteering actually improves health and leads to longer lives； it may be that volunteers are generally more active and socially engaged， and therefore healthier to begin with.
5.What did the new review of the health effects of volunteering mainly find？（　　）
A.Volunteering can be good for body.
B.Volunteering can be good for mind.
C.Helping others will help us live longer.
D.Helping others will make us feel good.
6.By saying “But don’t expect to enjoy the benefits of long life after donating a few coins in the next charity collection.”， the writer suggests that 　　　　.（　　）
A.we should do good deeds regularly
B.little help doesn’t make much difference
C.money is not enough in helping others
D.it’s unreasonable to expect to live longer
7.Paragraph 5 mainly conveys the message that 　　　　.（　　）
A.smoking causes many diseases
B.loneliness may do great harm to health
C.doing good improves our mental health
D.helping others makes us contact more people
8.Which proverb can best summarize the sixth paragraph？（　　）
A.It’s difficult to please all.
B.Too much is as bad as too little.
C.Love makes the world go around.
D.You can only do one thing at a time.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·重庆高二下月考）Obviously， confidence is something we want.We feel better when we’re confident and confidence makes us better at nearly everything that we do.
　　　9.（　　）： our children， our students， and our employees.So， we encourage them by saying phrases like， “You got this！”
　　That’s because we’ve all been taught this diagram called the confidence/competence loop （环形）.The loop works as follows： 10.（　　）， the more success you have， and the more confident you become， which， in turn， boosts your belief in yourself and makes you more competent.It’s a virtuous cycle.
　　The problem is that the confidence loop only explains the confidence cycle for individuals， not for interpersonal or group settings.There are two different types of success：“task success” and “relationship success”.“Will I win the game？” is a task-success question.“Will you still be there if I lose？” is a relationship-success question.11.（　　）？ Which one matters more to you？
　　In interpersonal settings， the success of the relationship matters more than the success of the task.If I fail at my task， then I’m only letting myself down.But if I fail at our task， then I’m letting you down.
　　12.（　　）， then I will not perform at a high level because the stakes are too high.If I think that messing up a project will get me fired， then I will not perform at a high level because the stakes are too high.That’s not confidence， that’s fear.
　　That’s why I say in my speeches，“Stop telling people， ‘You got this.’ Instead， tell them what they really need to hear，‘I got you.’”
　　Almost every truly confident person has someone who supports them unconditionally and independently of their win/loss track record.13.（　　）.Let them know，“Hey， you’ve got this.And if even you don’t， then I’ve got you.”
A.The more competent you are
B.Which one feels more significant
C.Why should we become confident
D.Be an unconditional supporter of someone else
E.But we also want those we care about to have it as well
F.It means being certain of your abilities or of having trust in people
G.If I think that losing the game will cause everyone to turn their backs on me
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·无锡高二下期末）Recently， I was thinking how mindless my family’s routines had become.We had become absorbed in our own activities and not very 　14　 towards those around us.We needed to do something to bring back some 　15　 into our lives.
　　I purchased a journal， 　16　 it “Our Deed Diary” and held a family meeting.I told my husband and our daughters I 　17　 us all to think about doing a kindness for others every day.The purpose was to 　18　 the focus on ourselves and brighten someone else’s day in the process.
　　We talked about what a good deed would mean for this “　19　”.We decided that a good deed was doing something nice for someone else that they were not 　20　.It could be as 　21　 as making a card for your teacher.We 　22　 to record our deeds every day and discuss them over dinner.
　　The project is 　23　 than it seems.We all， of course， do things for others on a 　24　 basis but this had to be something above and beyond what we already do.Sending birthday cards to people that we already send cards to every year would not 　25　.This had to be an unexpected 　26　 on our parts.
　　We have been doing good deeds for nearly a year now.I am happy to say that it is making a 　27　 in our lives.Instead of always wondering what the day will bring for us， we 　28　 what we can do for someone else.I feel my daughters better understand the old saying that “it is better to give than to receive”.
14.（　）A.sensitive　　　　　B.generous
C.curious D.considerate
15.（　）A.value B.symbol
C.wisdom D.meaning
16.（　）A.called B.defined
C.created D.designed
17.（　）A.ordered B.wanted
C.suggested D.requested
18.（　）A.place B.obtain
C.reduce D.increase
19.（　）A.dream B.project
C.idea D.attempt
20.（　）A.predicting B.expecting
C.demanding D.requiring
21.（　）A.special B.useful
C.simple D.interesting
22.（　）A.decided B.hoped
C.insisted D.preferred
23.（　）A.bigger B.smaller
C.easier D.harder
24.（　）A.regular B.casual
C.normal D.natural
25.（　）A.matter B.count
C.contribute D.include
26.（　）A.plan B.program
C.effort D.present
27.（　）A.sense B.change
C.choice D.difference
28.（　）A.put forward B.make out
C.think about D.bring up
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
维度一：单句语法填空
1.The two brothers both went 　　　　　　their father’s will， which made him very upset.
2.As 　　　　　　result， many accidents had taken place by the time a law was worked out.
3.When evening falls，many students crowd 　　　　　　the library and read relevant books in connection with their courses.
4.They certainly deserved 　　　　　　（win） that diving competition.
5.There were calls for her 　　　　　　（resign） from the board of directors.
维度二：语法与写作
1.政府向失业者分发食品。（介词短语作后置定语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.因为大雨，飞机没有准时起飞。（名词短语作宾语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.这个男孩应受惩罚，因为他偷了店里的平板电脑。（动词短语作谓语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。（介词短语作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.当人们不明白他想说什么时，他会感到沮丧。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
维度三：语法与语篇
根据提示翻译下面语段。
上周日，我们的志愿者俱乐部（NP）去了敬老院。一到那里，我们就开始打扫卫生（VP），然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂的笑容（PrepP），老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累，但是我们感到很开心（AdjP）。最重要的是（AdvP），我们能够为他人做一些有益的事情。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·兰州高二下质检）Have you ever felt that your life might be jammed on fast forward， accelerating away from you into the distance？ It’s not your imagination： we are surrounded by daily indications that the pace of life is picking up， from how quickly we think the day is passing， to the length of shots in Hollywood movies， to our ever-decreasing patience for standing around in queues.
Nowhere is this more common than in the office， where life can feel like an endless procession of emails and meetings.According to research by Jonathan B Spira， CEO of Basex， two thirds of workers felt that they didn’t have enough time to get everything done — and 94% have at some point felt “overwhelmed by information”.
When we think about stress at work， we make an association with “distress （痛苦）”， i.e.the kind of stress that causes us suffering.But we often overlook the “eustress” — the kind of positive， pleasant feeling that comes from tackling and mastering a difficult task.There must be something in the idea of eustress — most surveys of job satisfaction in Europe and the US suggest that most people don’t hate their jobs.
Even as it has increased the time pressure on us， an accelerated world has also changed the nature of our daily work — potentially making it more creative and rewarding.Yes， automation （自动化） has destroyed jobs （as well as created new ones）.But automation has also taken away many tasks that were dull， routine or dangerous.
And as the digital revolution rolls on， helping to speed many tasks up， the jobs that are left， or newly created， are those that involve applying creativity to problems， or managing the processes that computers are carrying out.
There’s nothing that we like more than complaining about the pace of life.To be sure， an accelerated lifestyle has its stresses.But they are often fixable — for example by turning off email notifications.And if given the chance to give up the technology that enables this quickening pace， most of us wouldn’t go back.
1.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph？（　　）
A.We become less patient. B.We live under great pressure.
C.Our lives are becoming quicker. D.Our lives are filled with information.
2.What do we often ignore according to the text？（　　）
A.The harm of stress. B.The benefits of stress.
C.Our love of our jobs. D.Our hate for our jobs.
3.What does the author think of automation？（　　）
A.It has done us great good. B.It has taken away our jobs.
C.It has replaced human beings. D.It has presented a threat to us.
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards a hurried lifestyle？（　　）
A.Critical.　　　　　　 B.Worried.
C.Confused. D.Favourable.
B
（2024·济宁高二下月考）Parents from Shanghai to Chicago are proudly putting pictures of their children on social media.
It might be taken for granted — but no previous generation of children will have had the experience of having their entire childhoods intensively and publicly documented in this way.
In the UK， the average parent with a social media account has posted 1，498 photos of their child online by their fifth birthday， according to a survey by domain name company， Nominet.
This might be a global phenomenon for proud parents — but what about the children， who will have been too young to have any choice in the matter.
But the very first people to have had some of their childhood pictures posted online are now reaching adulthood. And they are not always happy about their formative years （形成期） being preserved online.
“When I was 12 or 13， I started realising there were things （on Facebook） that I thought were a bit embarrassing，” said 16-year-old Lucy， from Newcastle， whose dad has been posting pictures of her on the social networking site since she was seven.
“I asked him to take them down and he was happy to， but he didn’t quite understand why. If I had been asked （at the time）， do you want these photos out there for all to see， I would’ve probably said no.”
Even those who were pleased to be on social media as children are less sure about it now. Dana Hurley， 20， from east London， said that as an 11-year-old she was happy for her parents to post photos of her on Facebook.
“At the time it was exciting ...I liked attention. Now it’s kind of weird （古怪的） because you look back and think， this was for everyone to see，” she said.
Parents may not realise it， but by posting photos and videos of their children online， they are creating an identity for their children that might not be welcomed， according to psychologist Dr Arthur Cassidy.
5.What’s the parents’ attitude towards putting their children’s pictures online？（　　）
A.They feel proud. B.They feel regret.
C.They think it embarrassing. D.They think it inappropriate.
6.According to Nominet， how many pictures of a child are posted online every year？（　　）
A.About 250. B.About 300.
C.About 350. D.About 400.
7.How did Lucy feel about her photos being posted online？（　　）
A.Pleased. B.Curious.
C.Confused. D.Uncomfortable.
8.What can we learn about Dana Hurley？（　　）
A.She always liked to get attention.
B.She felt satisfied with what her parents did.
C.She couldn’t understand her parents’ behaviour.
D.She changed her mind about posting photos online.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Happiness — you know it when you see it， but it’s hard to define.You might call it a sense of wellbeing， of optimism or of meaningfulness in life.9.（　　） We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics （遗传学） may play a big role in our normal level of subjective well-being， so some of us may start out at a disadvantage.
10.（　　） “For physical health， it’s not so much happiness itself， but this ability to regulate （调节） and have a sense of purpose and meaning，” said Laura Kubzansky， professor of social and behavioural sciences at Harvard School of Public Health.
11.（　　） A 2012 review of more than 200 studies found positive psychological qualities， such as happiness， optimism and life satisfaction can lead to a lowered risk of cardiovascular （心血管的） disease.
It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”，of course.If you have a good sense of wellbeing， it’s easier to maintain good habits：Exercising， eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep， researchers said.12.（　　）
You might be thinking：“Maybe I would be happier if I had more money.” There’s that old cliché “money doesn’t buy happiness” — but is it true？ A 2010 study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that emotional wellbeing rises with income up to a point， which seems to be a household income of 75，000.13.（　　） “More money does not necessarily buy more happiness， but less money is associated with emotional pain，” Kahneman and Deaton wrote.
A.Nothing is better than health.
B.It’s true that everyone is after happiness.
C.But whatever happiness is， we know that we want it.
D.Day-to-day happiness did not increase with higher incomes.
E.Managing emotional ups and downs is important for both body and mind.
F.Many studies have found a link between psychological and physical wellbeing.
G.People who have an optimistic mindset may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviours.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I’m a mixed-race Chinese-Canadian， but grew up in a white and Chinese neighbourhood in France. 　14　， I never felt I particularly belonged to either. I was always in between.　15　to speak Chinese， I didn’t always feel 　16　 with the Chinese kids.
Through 　17　， however， I could create a sense of 　18　. While growing up， I ate and watched the Chinese food my grandmother and father cooked. Food became how I 　19　 to what it meant to be Chinese.
Now I operate a frozen handmade dumpling company in England. Every week I 　20　 thousands of dumplings， freeze them and 　21　 come to pick them up. It’s nothing new or 　22　. I’m only a businessman with an iPhone and a website， but I 　23　 what I am doing with food and the 　24　 food can communicate.
In my business， I research the cooking styles of China to create delicious dumplings. Studying the cooking traditions and 　25　 these understandings through my business has turned out to be my salvation （救赎） in self-worth and 　26　. I don’t know what I would be if I couldn’t cook， eat， think， live and 　27　 these traditions.
Food is our heritage — its preparation， taste， appearance and the stories around each dish display what a culture 　28　. Also through food people in the world can find commonality.
14.（　）A.Besides　　　　 B.However
C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile
15.（　）A.Unable B.Pleased
C.Anxious D.Unprepared
16.（　）A.ignored B.inspired
C.challenged D.included
17.（　）A.language B.study
C.food D.communication
18.（　）A.direction B.belonging
C.achievement D.responsibility
19.（　）A.connected B.turned
C.compared D.adapted
20.（　）A.sell B.fold
C.boil D.deliver
21.（　）A.travelers B.cookers
C.customers D.salesmen
22.（　）A.traditional B.regular
C.special D.common
23.（　）A.keep to B.care about
C.depend on D.reflect on
24.（　）A.levels B.messages
C.calories D.concepts
25.（　）A.changing B.deepening
C.creating D.displaying
26.（　）A.attitude B.fate
C.intelligence D.identity
27.（　）A.share B.obey
C.search D.combine
28.（　）A.explores B.suggests
C.confirms D.values
Ⅳ.语法填空
The pursuit of happiness and health is a popular effort.New findings recently reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences point towards an answer commonly 29.　　　　　 （overlook）： meaning in life.
One key question addressed in this research is： what advantage might 30.　　　　　　 （have） a strong sense of meaning in life afford a few years down the road？
31.　　　　　　 the whole， individuals with a higher sense of meaning in life a few years earlier were later living lives characterised by health and wellbeing.
We know a few things about participants in the research 32.　　　　　　 reported relatively higher meaning in life.For instance， they contacted their friends 33.　　　　　　 （frequent）， belonged to social groups， engaged in volunteering， and maintained some healthy habits relating to sleep， diet and exercise.
Connecting socially with others 34.　　　　　　 （be） important for both happiness and meaning， 35.　　　　　　 doing so in a way that promotes meaning can happen at the cost of 36.　　　　　　 （person） happiness， at least temporarily.
Given the long-term social， mental， and physical 37.　　　　　　 （benefit） of having a sense of meaning in life， the recommendation here is clear.Rather than pursuing happiness as an end-state， ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning might be a 38.　　　　　　 （good） route to living well.
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