Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part Ⅰ Meet student volunteers
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1.student volunteers学生志愿者
2.volunteer projects志愿者项目
3.in poor areas在贫困地区
4.organise donations组织捐款
5.pens and notebooks笔和笔记本
6.school supplies学校用品
7.do something different做一些不同的事情
8.clean up the community打扫社区卫生
9.take down ads from walls从墙上撕下广告
10.pick up litter捡垃圾
11.contact the community office联络社区办事处
12.nursing homes养老院
13.the elderly people老年人
14.take part in参加
15.It might be a good idea to contact the community office and ask how we can help.
联系社区办公室可能是个好主意，询问我们怎样才能提供帮助。
16.How about writing to some nursing homes to see if they need someone to spend time with the elderly people？ 写信给一些养老院，看看他们是否需要有人来陪伴老人怎么样？
17.Every year， our whole school raises money to give to a different charity.For instance， we donated to a medical charity last year， and to an education charity before that.
每年，我们全校都会筹款捐给不同的慈善机构。例如，我们去年向一家医疗慈善机构捐款，此前向一家教育慈善机构捐款。
18.We raise money in different ways， such as by making and selling things， or holding a marathon and asking people to promise to donate for every kilometre we run.
我们通过不同的方式筹集资金，比如制作和销售物品，或者举办一场马拉松比赛，并要求人们承诺为我们跑的每一公里捐款。
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1.What will there be after class？（ ）
A.A sports meeting. B.A meeting. C.A new film.
2.Who should be helped？（ ）
A.Bob. B.Helen. C.Mike.
3.Why can’t the woman come？（ ）
A.Because she has to visit Bob.
B.Because she has to do her homework.
C.Because she has to look after her mother at home.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4.Where did Sue spend the night in the country？（ ）
A.In a farmhouse. B.In the open. C.In a hotel.
5.What was the weather like in the country？（ ）
A.There was a lot of sunshine.
B.It rained nearly every day.
C.It snowed a lot.
6.What did Sue think of the people in the country？（ ）
A.They were tall. B.They were strange. C.They were friendly.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7.Where does the dialogue most probably take place？（ ）
A.At the station. B.At the post office. C.At the airport.
8.Which country will the letter be sent to？（ ）
A.England. B.Japan. C.Canada.
9.How will the letter be sent？（ ）
A.By airmail. B.By registered mail. C.By express mail.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What’s the relationship between the two speakers？（ ）
A.Friends. B.Teacher and student. C.Father and daughter.
11.What is the woman’s mum doing now？（ ）
A.She is buying a new dress.
B.She is buying shoes.
C.She is working at her office.
12.Why is Billy home from school？（ ）
A.Because he is ill.
B.Because it’s Sunday.
C.Because he doesn’t like school.
答案：1－5 BACBA 6－10 CBABC 11－12 BA
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：There will be a meeting after class.Are you coming， Helen？
W：After class？ I’m sorry， Mike.I’m afraid I can’t.
M：But it’s quite important.It’s about our helping Bob.
W：Oh， I have to go home to look after my mother.She’s ill today.
M：Sorry to hear that.Then we’ll have to have the meeting without you.I’ll tell you about the meeting tomorrow morning.
W：Thanks.
（Text 2）
M：Morning， Sue.Did you enjoy your holiday in the country？
W：Yes， thanks.We had a great time.And some friends went with us.
M：Where did you stay？ In a hotel？
W：No.We camped in the mountains， near Snowdon.We cooked all our meals over an open fire.
M：Sounds wonderful.Was the weather good？
W：The sun shone nearly every day and it didn’t rain at all.
M：Did you like the people there？
W：Yes， they were great.We met some farmers and had tea in their houses.
（Text 3）
W：May I help you？
M：Yes， I’d like to send this letter to my friend in England.
W：Did you write your return address on the envelope？
M：Yes， I did.
W：How do you want to send it？
M：I guess I will send it by airmail.
W：Does it have anything valuable inside？
M：Yes.I enclosed a check and some photographs.
W：Then you’d better send it by registered mail.
M：That’s a good idea.Will you take care of that for me？
W：I’m sorry， sir.You’ll have to take your letter to the next window.
（Text 4）
M：Hello.
W：Hello， Dad？
M：Yes， Mary！ How are you？ Is there anything wrong？
W：Oh， no.I just want to call and see how you and Mum are.It’s been quite a long time since I saw you.
M：Oh， we’re both fine.Your mother is at the new shopping center.
W：For a new dress？
M：No， for shoes this time.How’s Tom？
W：He’s fine.He likes his work and was given a rise last month by Mr David.We were all pretty pleased about that.
M：Yes， I think you should be.And how is Billy？
W：Well， Billy’s home from school today.It’s nothing serious， just a bad cold.
M：That’s OK.Call again.
W：All right.Bye.
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
当我们遇到危险时，第一时间要选择报警求助。
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
M：Hello， police station.
W：Please help me.I’m sure there’s someone outside in the garden. 1 I can hear a sound like a key in the lock in the back door.
M： 2
W：Angela Barton， 15 Park Road， Alford. 3 What shall I do？ I’m afraid to open the door， because there isn’t a chain on it.
M：No， you’d better not take action. 4 Can I have your telephone number？
W：Yes， 982699.
M：Good.You’d better stay next to the phone until a police car arrives. 5
A.Would you give me your name and address， please， Miss？
B.The car will be there in less than five minutes.
C.I’ll send a car around straight away.
D.I live alone and the neighbours are away on holiday.
E.It seems as if he is trying to get into my house.
答案：1－5 EADCB
生活中，难免会遇到一些需要别人帮助的时候。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
M：Susan，1. could you do me a favour （你能帮我个忙吗）？
W：Yes.
M：You told me this morning you’re going shopping in the afternoon.
W：Sure.I’m going right now.
M：So would you mind 2. mailing this letter for me on your way to the department store （去商店的路上帮我把这封信寄出去）？ You see， I’m very busy today， but 3. the letter can’t be delayed any more （这封信不能再拖延了）.
W：I’d be glad to do that for you.Do you want it to be registered？
M：Yes， I think so.This is an important letter and 4. I don’t want it lost （我不想让它丢失）.
W：OK.Bye.
M：Thanks.Bye.
Part Ⅱ Make a speech about China’s aid to other countries
1.How does the writer introduce the topic？（ ）
A.By giving examples. B.By making comparison.
C.By asking questions. D.By offering data.
2.Which word can best describe the writer’s feeling when her mother left for Africa？（ ）
A.Excited. B.Sad.
C.Calm. D.Supportive.
3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？（ ）
A.Many dangerous diseases are still common in Africa.
B.Many of the people in Africa are very poor.
C.The hospital built by China helps the people in Africa a lot.
D.People in Africa have easy access to good transport systems.
4.What can we infer from the passage？（ ）
A.The writer isn’t proud of her mother’s work.
B.We have built a community with a shared future.
C.The writer might volunteer to help those abroad.
D.The writer doesn’t like being a volunteer.
答案：1－4 CBDC
Step 1 品教材课文
Hello！ My name is Zhan Bingbing.
[1]Lately， all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world，helping other countries to develop.We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo， a port in Pakistan， railways in Panama， and an airport in Sri Lanka.And we see Chinese miners， oil workers， agricultural experts， mechanics， and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world.And some people may ask，“Is it worth it？ Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development？”
[1]这是一个简单句。动词-ing短语helping other countries to develop作伴随状语。
I had the same questions myself.But for me， it was much more personal.You see，my mother is a medical doctor，and for the last two years，she has been working as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania， Africa， as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government.
To be honest， when my mother first left for Africa， I was upset.My mother cooked me dinner every night， and she took good care of me.But more importantly， she was my best friend.We talked together， we spent our leisure time together， and except for school and work， we were never apart.So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input.
[2]But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania， a country that has many health problems， and now I am singing a different tune.Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted， such as electricity， running water，cars and good transport systems，and supermarkets.One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital.Prior to this， if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery， they would have to go abroad.Since this was quite expensive， many people went without medical treatment and some even died.Now， not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.It has made a big difference to their lives.My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment， help those with disabilities，and provide consultation and training for local doctors.In addition， her team has given patients a new malaria treatment invented in China， and this has saved many lives.
[2]这是一个由and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，she was doing in Tanzania是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句，修饰先行词the work；that has many health problems也是定语从句，修饰先行词country。
Today， I want to relay to you that I’m proud of the work my mother has done， and I am now supportive of it.Is her work worth it？ Yes， to the lives of the people she is helping， it is worth it.But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well， because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability，and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of，helping others comes at the top of this list.Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is， I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.In the future， I pray that you will do the same.
Thank you！
Step 2 析写作手法
学语言：
文章第二段使用了动词-ing短语作伴随状语（helping other countries to develop）和定语从句（that are still in need of development）。
第三段使用了过去分词短语作后置定语（sent by the Chinese government）。
第五段使用了while引导的让步状语从句（while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth），动词-ing短语作表语（helping to build a cardiac hospital）和部分倒装句（not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital）。
第六段使用了省略that的定语从句（my mother has done）和Now that引导的原因状语从句（Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is），这些高级句式和语法的运用使得文章精彩纷呈。
学结构：
该文本是一篇典型的演讲稿，主题是宣讲我国对其他国家的援助。
演讲者首先以大家熟悉的援助事例开篇，并用一个设问抛出演讲者对援助工作的价值的思考。
然后，从个人的角度展现自己从一开始的不理解到后来的完全认同并引以为傲的心路历程，穿插叙述了自己的母亲在非洲当地所做的贡献，真实地反映了中国进行国际援助的作用和意义。
最后，从共建人类命运共同体的高度坚定了自己将来投身国际援助事业的决心，并提出倡议，号召更多人加入国际志愿者的行列。
【参考译文】
大家好！我的名字叫詹冰冰。
最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国的矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。有些人可能会问：“这值得吗？在中国许多地区仍然需要发展的时候，为什么要帮助外国人民呢？”
我自己也有同样的疑问。然而，对我来说，它更多与我个人有关。你看，我妈妈是一名医生，在过去的两年里，她作为中国政府派遣的医疗队的一员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚当一位志愿顾问。
说实话，当我妈妈第一次去非洲的时候，我很难过。我妈妈每天晚上都给我做饭，无微不至地照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和上班，我们从未分开过。所以对她甚至没征求我的意见就（决定）离开，我感到很不开心。
可是话又说回来，我开始听说她在坦桑尼亚所做的工作。这个国家有很多健康问题，现在我转变了态度。许多在中国很罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚仍有众多患者。此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。我妈妈参与的一个项目是帮助他们建造一所心脏专科医院。在这之前，如果一个坦桑尼亚人患有心脏疾病需要手术的话，就不得不出国。由于出国费用高昂，许多人得不到治疗，甚至有人死亡。现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。这极大地改变了他们的生活。我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她的团队还为患者提供了中国研发的新型疟疾疗法，从而挽救了许多生命。
今天，我想向你们传递的信息是，我为我妈妈所做的工作感到自豪，现在我对此表示支持。她的工作值得吗？是的，对得到她帮助的人的生命来说，这是值得的。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。当我在思考作为中国公民最能引以为傲的所有事情时，帮助他人位居榜首。既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。我企盼，未来你们也会这样做。
谢谢！
Step 3 背出彩佳句
第一段：点明演讲的主题
1.Ladies and gentlemen， distinguished guests， and fellow students， I stand before you today to deliver a speech on how to win friends and influence people.
女士们、先生们、尊敬的客人们、同学们：今天我站在你们面前，发表关于如何赢得朋友和影响他人的演讲。
2.Good morning/afternoon/evening， everyone.Today， I want to talk to you about how to learn English.
大家早上/下午/晚上好。今天，我想和大家谈谈如何学习英语。
3.Thank you all for being here today.I am honoured to have the opportunity to speak on the topic of Human and Robots.
感谢大家今天的到来。我很荣幸有机会就“人与机器人”这一主题发表演讲。
4.It is generally believed that Chinese are poor public speakers， especially when it comes to speaking in English， and fortunately or unfortunately， I am no exception.
一般人们认为中国人不擅长公众演讲，特别是要用英文来演说。不知是有幸还是不幸，我也不例外。
5.Picture this： you wake up one morning and realise ...
想象一下：一天早上你醒来，发现……
第二段：演讲的具体内容
1.Its advantages are obvious.It allows us to learn at any time wherever we are.Besides， we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.
它的优点显而易见。 它让我们可以随时随地学习。 此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来更加有效地学习。
2.However， its disadvantages cannot be ignored.Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes.Worse still， we don’t have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates.
然而，它的缺点也不容忽视。 盯着屏幕会伤害我们的眼睛。 更糟糕的是，我们没有很多机会与我们的老师和同学互动。
3.We are very proud of ourselves， believing we can make more contributions to a better world.
我们为自己感到非常自豪，相信我们会为建设一个更加美好的世界做出更大贡献。
4.It is a pity that many people don’t realise the importance of environmental protection.
遗憾的是，很多人没有意识到保护环境的重要性。
5.As is known to all， failure is the mother of success， but few people can really understand what the saying means. 我们都知道，失败是成功之母，可是很少有人能真正理解这句格言的真谛。
第三段：表达作者自己的观点
1.All in all， Beijing possesses a kind of power that makes us feel the long history of Chinese culture over 5，000 years.If you visit Beijing， you will be amazed at everything there.
总而言之，北京拥有一种力量，让我们感受到中国5，000多年文化的悠久历史。 如果你去北京游览，你会对那里的一切感到惊奇。
2.In conclusion， to realise a dream is not that easy， so we must study hard to fulfill our dreams.
总之，实现梦想不是那么容易的，所以我们必须努力学习来实现我们的梦想。
3.So， please sort your garbage from today on.It’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment.
因此，从今天开始实施垃圾分类。保护环境，人人有责。
4.We have only one planet after all.Let’s take action to protect it， for you， for me， and for our future generations！
毕竟我们只有一个地球。让我们行动起来保护它，为了你，为了我，也为了我们的后代！
5.Thank you for your listening （to my speech）！
感谢大家倾听（我的演讲）！
假定你是李华，一个外国访问团到你校进行访问，请你就有关中国对其他国家援助的情况用英语发表演讲，内容包括：
1.中国对外援助的具体体现；
2.表达对未来的期望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Ladies and gentlemen，
That’s all.Thank you for listening！
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1.我了解到，很多人都希望全面了解中国对其他国家的援助情况。（have a full understanding of）
I have learned that most of you want to have a full understanding of China’s aid to other countries.
2.我愿意提供一些这方面的信息。（willing）
I’m willing to offer you some information about it.
3.众所周知，中国在帮助其他国家方面有着悠久的历史。（as引导非限制性定语从句）
As we all know/As is known to all， China has a long history of helping other countries.
4.在历史上，当其他国家遇到困难时，中国会毫不犹豫地提供帮助。（when引导时间状语从句）
When other countries were in trouble in history， China would offer its help without any hesitation.
5.请记住，中国会帮助任何需要帮助的国家。（in need）
Please remember that China will give a hand to any country in need/give any country in need a hand.
6.我十分希望我们能手拉手互相帮助。（do表示强调）
I do hope we can help each other hand in hand.
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
7.用恰当的并列连词合并句1和句2。
I have learned that most of you want to have a full understanding of China’s aid to other countries， so I’m willing to offer you some information about it.
8.用恰当的并列连词合并句5和句6。
Please remember that China will give a hand to any country in need/give any country in need a hand and I do hope we can help each other hand in hand.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
Ladies and gentlemen，
That’s all.Thank you for listening！
参考范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to our school！ I have learned that most of you want to have a full understanding of China’s aid to other countries， so I’m willing to offer you some information about it.
As we all know/As is known to all， China has a long history of helping other countries.Meanwhile， Chinese people are friendly and generous.When other countries were in trouble in history，China would offer its help without any hesitation.
Please remember that China will give a hand to any country in need/give any country in need a hand and I do hope we can help each other hand in hand.
That’s all.Thank you for listening！
核心词汇集释
lately adv.最近；不久前；近来
【教材原句】 Lately， all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world， helping other countries to develop. 最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。
【用法】
（1）later adj. 后期的 adv. 后来；随后 （2）latter adj. 较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的 the former ...， the latter ... 前者……，后者……
【佳句】 ①Lately， I got a precious opportunity to take a part-time job in a foreign company during the summer vacation.最近，我得到了一个宝贵的机会，暑假期间在一家外国公司兼职。
②It’s only lately that she’s been well enough to go out.她最近才好多了，可以出去走走了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She feels guilty about spending less time lately （late） with her two kids.
② Lately （late） the Students’ Union of the secondary school has organised two extra-curricular activities to enrich our campus lives. The former is the English Speech Competition； the latter is the fruit picking activity.
【写美】 完成句子
③ A few weeks later ， when I almost forgot the contest， there came the news.
几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。
take （...） for granted 认为（……）是理所当然；对（……）不予重视
【教材原句】 And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted， such as electricity， running water， cars and good transport systems， and supermarkets.
此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。
【用法】
（1）take sb/sth for granted 因熟悉某人/某物而觉察不出其真正价值 take sth for granted 认为某事属实 （2）在句型take it for granted that ...中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。
【佳句】 We always take it for granted that oceans can provide us with limitless resources， so we overdevelop our oceans. （2022·全国甲卷）
我们总是一厢情愿地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Don’t take everything in your life for granted.You need to value whatever you have.
②We shouldn’t take it for granted that we still have a lot of time before the College Entrance Examination.
【写美】 完成句子
③From the experience I learned an important lesson — see difficulties as a kind of test and take them seriously . （读后续写之主旨升华）
从这次经历中我学到了重要的一课——把困难看作是一种考验，并认真对待它们。
disability n.缺陷；障碍
【教材原句】 My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment， help those with disabilities， and provide consultation and training for local doctors.
我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。
【用法】
（1）with disabilities 有残疾的 a physical/mental disability 生理缺陷/心理障碍 （2）disable vt. 使伤残；使失去能力 disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的 （3）able adj. 能够的；有才能的 ability n. 能力；才能
【佳句】 He began to understand that there were many people like him.He came to adapt himself to his disability. 他开始明白，像他这样的人有很多。他开始适应自己的残疾了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I’m writing to convey my gratitude to you because my ability （able） to speak English has improved.
②China has made great achievements in the development of facilities for the disabled （disable） in public places.
【写美】 完成句子
③In many ways， my disability has made me grow more and more independent .
在很多方面，我的残疾使我变得越来越独立。
consultation n.咨询；咨询会
【用法】
（1）consult v. 请教，咨询；商量；查阅 consult （with） sb about/on sth 就某事和某人商量 consult a dictionary 查词典 （2）consultant n. 顾问；咨询者
【佳句】 He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life.From that day on， he gave special attention to her case.
他回到会诊室，决定尽最大努力挽救她的生命。从那天起，他特别关注她的病情。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A financial consultant （consult） is the same as a financial adviser.
【写美】 完成句子
②You’d better consult a dictionary when you desire to master the usage of a word.Furthermore，why not consult with your classmates about/on at least three long difficult sentences every day？ （建议信）
当你想掌握一个单词的用法时，你最好查词典；另外，何不每天和你的同学商讨至少三个长难句呢？
重点句型解构
句型公式：not only ...but （also） ...连接两个表示并列关系的成分
【教材原句】 Now， not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital， but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. 现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
【用法】
（1）not only ...but （also） ...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”，其中的also有时可以省略。 （2）not only ...but （also） ...连接两个句子，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 （3）not only ...but （also） ...连接的两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语动词通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。
【品悟】 Not only did she excel in her academics， but she also contributed to various extra-curricular activities， showcasing her multi-faceted capabilities as a well-rounded student.她不仅在学业上表现优异，而且还参加各种课外活动，展现了她作为一个全面发展的学生的多方面能力。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Not only the teacher but also his students are （be） going to put on the performance.
②Not only did （do） she make a promise， but she also kept it.
【写美】 句型转换
③He speaks not only English and French but also Spanish.
→ Not only does he speak English and French， but he also speaks Spanish.（倒装句）
④The athlete demonstrated not only exceptional physical prowess but also remarkable mental strength.
→ Not only did the athlete demonstrate exceptional physical prowess， but he also demonstrated remarkable mental strength.（倒装句）
情感描写之“后悔”“内疚”和“自责”
形容词/副词 guilty， regretful， guiltily
名词/动词 guilt， regret
脸 ①have guilt written all over one’s face满脸内疚 ②a guilty look on one’s face脸上露出惭愧的表情
笑/泪 ①a regretful smile歉意的微笑 ②regretful tears悔恨的泪水
心 be full of guilt/be consumed with guilt/regret满心愧疚/悔恨遗憾
其他 ①drown in feelings of guilt沉浸在内疚感之中 ②much to one’s regret/to one’s great regret令某人深感遗憾的是 ③with deep/great regret很遗憾地 ④a feeling of guilt内疚感
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1.看着安泪流满面，我满脸愧疚。
Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I had guilt written all over my face .（神态描写＋情感描写）
2.她发出后悔的叫声：“我真傻！”
She let out a cry of regret ， “How silly I am！”
3.我还没来得及说话，她就冲出去了。
She dashed out before I could utter a word. （动作描写）
4.我愣住了，沉浸在对她的负罪感中。要是我没和她吵架多好啊！
I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with her！（非谓语动词作状语）
5.我眼里涌出懊悔的泪水，冲下楼向安道歉。
With regretful tears welling up in my eyes ， I dashed downstairs to apologise to Ann.（with复合结构）
第二步：过渡衔接连成篇
Looking at Ann’s face wet with tears， I had guilt written all over my face.All of a sudden， she let out a cry of regret， “How silly I am！” Then， she dashed out before I could utter a word.I froze， drowning in feelings of guilt about her.If only I had not quarreled with her！ Eventually， with regretful tears welling up in my eyes， I dashed downstairs to apologise to Ann.
维度一：品句填词
1.We should always follow the basic criterion/criteria （准则） of social communication.
2.His parents were annoyed to hear that he had resigned （辞职） from the company.
3.It’s a common problem， the one I’m asked about most when I’m on the lecture circuit （巡回）.
4.The person had to sign a contract （合同） that he would be sent to an island after one year.
5.Many children just take it for granted that they will be taken good care of by their parents.
6.There will be a 10，000-metre relay race to be held on the playground of our school next Friday.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.It moved me much that the boy swam well in spite of his disability （disabled）.
2.Everyone wants to have the stability （stable） of life.
3.There is a large collection of texts available for consultation （consult） on screen.
4.Seldom have they played computer games lately （late） according to the survey.
5.As Debbie’s best friend at school， David thought Debbie was a nice boy and deserved to be treated/treating （treat） kindly.
6.When he arrived， he saw some people sitting on the ground， praying （pray） for their relatives.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Some people take it for granted that their friends should help them whenever they are in trouble.
有些人想当然地认为朋友应该在他们有困难的时候帮助他们。
2.It is recommended that you should consult your doctor about your illness .
关于你的病情，建议你去咨询一下你的医生。
3.I’d like to share with you a voluntary activity which is worth participating in this winter vacation .
我想和你分享一项今年寒假值得参加的志愿活动。
4. Now that you have started senior school life ， I’d like to offer you some advice to help you.
既然你已经开始了高中生活，我想给你一些建议来帮助你。
维度四：课文语法填空
While China has many areas that are still in need of 1. development （develop）， Chinese people still help people overseas in nearly every corner of the world.Bingbing’s mother has been working 2. as a volunteer consultant in Tanzania， Africa， as a part of a medical team 3. sent （send） by the Chinese government.Many dangerous diseases which 4. are （be） rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania.And， while the country is quite beautiful and has much 5. natural （nature） wealth， many of the people are quite poor and live without things 6. that/which we take for granted， such as electricity，7. running （run） water， cars and good transport systems， and supermarkets.Not only 8. does her mother help Tanzanians to build a cardiac hospital， but she also provides medical treatment and helps those with disabilities.Besides， her team has given patients a new malaria treatment that 9. was invented （invent） in China， and this has saved many lives.Everyone deserves a fair chance in life.Among all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of， 10. helping （help） others comes at the top of this list.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·南京高二下质检）I was ten when my dad helped me buy my first ten-speed bicycle from Father Allen.I put up 60 of my grass cutting and snow shoveling （铲） money， and my dad put up the other half.I would pay him back over the next six months.Although it was the kind of bike you’d expect a priest to have， it was my ticket to the adult world.
I spent that summer and autumn riding as if to put Greg LeMond to shame.My sister Liz， a prisoner of her five-speed and banana seat， never had a chance to keep up.
Just before the Christmas deadline to pay my dad back， we were hit with several snowstorms.This allowed me to shovel enough driveways to pay off my debt.I was now officially a bike owner； it was a feeling unlike any other.
On that Christmas morning， my dad gave me a used portable record player.I was excited.However， my joy was short-lived after my dad called my sister to the kitchen.“We have one more gift for you，” he said as he opened the door that led to the garage.There， on the steps， stood a brand new ten-speed Schwinn.
“It’s not fair，” I complained.“I worked so hard for my bike， and it’s not even new.Then Liz gets a brand new bike.She didn’t have to do anything for it.” My dad smiled.“She didn’t have to do anything for it because it’s not really for her，” he said.What did that mean？ I didn’t want her bike.
By spring Liz and I were riding all over town together now that she could keep up.As we grew， Liz and I became true friends.
Still， I wasn’t smart enough to figure out what my dad meant until years later.That brand new bike was not a gift for Liz — it was a gift for me.He’d given me the gift of my sister’s company， the ability to stay together rather than drift apart in the face of my ability to travel.He gave me my best friend.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。妹妹在圣诞节得到了一辆崭新的自行车，作者为此感到嫉妒和不快；可是，令作者不解的是，父亲却说这份礼物不是给妹妹的，是给他的。最后，作者终于懂得了父亲这句话的含义。
1.What can we learn about the author’s bike？（ ）
A.It was worth $120. B.It was very fashionable.
C.He didn’t like it actually. D.Father Allen bought it for him.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者为这辆自行车付出了60美元，父亲付出了另外60美元。由此可知，这辆自行车价值120美元。
2.What made the author think he was officially a bike owner？（ ）
A.His paying his father back. B.His learning to ride a bike.
C.His getting a driving license. D.His father’s getting out of debt.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者之所以认为自己正式拥有了这辆自行车，是因为他还清了当时买自行车时欠父亲的钱。
3.Why was the author’s joy short-lived in Paragraph 4？（ ）
A.His father didn’t love him. B.His sister got a better gift.
C.The record player wasn’t new. D.The record player wasn’t for him.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四、五两段可知，作者刚开始得到录音机很高兴，可是当他看到妹妹从父亲那里得到一辆崭新的十速自行车时，一下子就心理不平衡了。
4.The author finally realised that .（ ）
A.the new bike actually belonged to him
B.the new bike wasn’t bought by his father
C.his father loved his sister more as a matter of fact
D.his father actually gave him his sister’s company
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者最后终于明白了父亲那句话的含义：父亲其实给了自己一份特殊的礼物——那就是妹妹的陪伴。
B
（2024·烟台高二下月考）The other weekend I went to the mall in search of a new pair of tennis shoes.When I arrived at the mall， the stores were crowded.Apparently， none of these shoppers had read Van Boven’s 2005 review article highlighting the benefits of spending money on experiences over material goods.
When surveying various cultures to determine what makes people happy， researchers kept finding that having more didn’t equate （等同） to being happier.And people who try to have more are， in fact， less satisfied.But it seems this is only true if you are spending your money to buy “things” rather than “memories”.
Why is money spent to create memories better spent？ In his review article， Van Boven explains why experiential purchases make us happier：
You got a raise， your co-worker got a bigger one.You bought a new house， your neighbour built a bigger one.On the other hand， Van Boven suggests that experiences are more personal and unique， and thus harder to compare.When people are asked whether they’d prefer to live in a world where they earned 50，000 a year while others earned 25，000 or a world where they earned 100，000 while others earned 200，000， about half of the people prefer to earn 50，000 if it means they earn more than everyone else.But when asked whether they’d prefer two weeks of vacation while everyone else got one， or four weeks while everyone else got eight， 85 percent of people preferred the four weeks even if other people got more.
People are generally engaging in experiences with others， whereas purchasing a new pair of boots is more likely to be a lonely affair.There is also something negative associated with being materialistic and researchers have found that people tend to prefer to interact with other people who are “experiential” than those who are “materialistic”.Engaging in an experience together can also help people create shared memories and connections.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，将金钱花在经历性质的活动上要比花在物质上给我们带来的幸福感更多。
5.What did the author think of those shoppers？（ ）
A.They were fond of materials. B.They were creating memories.
C.They should be taught by Van Boven. D.They had interest in Van Boven’s theory.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者认为商场里的这些购物者没读过Van Boven的文章，而Van Boven的文章建议人们将金钱花在经历上而不是物质上。
6.Why do people prefer to earn 50，000 instead of 100，000？（ ）
A.They seek better experiences. B.They don’t care about money.
C.They want to be better than others. D.They want to show their nobility of spirit.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，这些人之所以选择5万美元，是因为周围的人都挣2.5万美元。
7.What can we learn about materialistic purchases？（ ）
A.They are more private. B.They are easier to compare.
C.They offer us longer happiness. D.They offer us more satisfaction.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，经历性消费比物质性消费更加个人、更加独特，也更加难以比较。
8.What’s the second benefit of experiential purchases？（ ）
A.They help us build relationships. B.They give us a sense of possession.
C.They give us a sense of achievement. D.They help us improve our social status.
解析：A 推理判断题。最后一段告诉我们经历性消费的第二个好处，那就是有助于我们加强人际交往并建立与他人的美好回忆。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·湖州高二下期末）A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm.Candice Payne 9 20 hotel rooms on her credit card with a group of strangers following her.
Payne booked the hotel rooms after 10 how life-threatening the sub-zero temperatures would be for the Chicagoans without 11 .She posted about it on social media and soon the 12 and offers to help bring food came flooding in.“ 13 they didn’t know how to or where to start to help， so I’m glad that I was able to be that 14 ，” she said.
When temperatures 15 to 22 degrees below zero， a group of homeless people had to abandon their tents near a highway.Payne and other volunteers dug 16 into their pockets and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago’s South Side.And the volunteers built 17 friendships even though most of them just met.
When Jermaine and Robert got the offer for a（n） 18 bed， they were getting ready to sleep on the 19 .“We don’t get that type of help，” Jermaine said.“I really needed them at that 20 ， so they came right in time.” They hugged Payne and thanked her， touched by the 21 kindness.
This volunteer group has been able to 22 three nights at the hotel for about 80 people.
They’re hoping to continue working together to help 23 a more long-term solution.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。坎迪斯·佩恩是芝加哥的一位爱心人士，在极地寒潮袭来之时，她慷慨解囊，为露宿街头的无家可归者们预订了宾馆房间。
9.A.bought B.took
C.charged D.built
解析：C 根据下文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，佩恩用她的信用卡预订了20个宾馆房间。charge sth on one’s credit card用某人的信用卡购买某物。
10.A.checking B.measuring
C.reporting D.realising
解析：D 根据上文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，当意识到零下的气温对芝加哥无家可归者的生命构成威胁后，佩恩预订了宾馆房间。
11.A.home B.choice
C.dream D.job
解析：A 根据上文A Chicago woman’s act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm.可知，这些需要救助的贫穷的芝加哥人无家可归。
12.A.suggestions B.instructions
C.donations D.solutions
解析：C 根据上文She posted about it on social media可知，在社交媒体上发布之后，好心人纷纷响应，为芝加哥无家可归的人提供捐助。
13.A.Instead B.Hardly
C.Fortunately D.Maybe
解析：D 根据下文可知，佩恩猜测也许捐赠者不知道该怎么提供帮助。
14.A.provider B.connecter
C.organiser D.manager
解析：B 根据上文可知，佩恩是无家可归者与捐助者之间的联系人。
15.A.reached B.dropped
C.rose D.fell
解析：B 根据下文可知，气温继续下降，无家可归者面临的危险更大了。
16.A.deep B.long
C.anxiously D.hopefully
解析：A 根据下文and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago’s South Side可知，佩恩与其他志愿者花很多钱在芝加哥南部预订了60个宾馆房间。dig deep into one’s pockets花很多钱。
17.A.amazing B.surprising
C.amusing D.lasting
解析：D 根据下文even though most of them just met可知，尽管这些志愿者大部分刚刚认识，但是他们建立了长久的友谊。
18.A.free B.warm
C.attractive D.expensive
解析：B 根据下文可知，他们打算在大街上过夜的时候，志愿者们为他们提供了温暖的床铺。
19.A.road B.beach
C.street D.mountain
解析：C 参见上题解析。
20.A.point B.movement
C.place D.hotel
解析：A at that point在那时候，这里指气温骤降、无处御寒的时候。
21.A.unexpected B.unwritten
C.undelivered D.unmeasured
解析：A 根据上文They hugged Payne and thanked her可知，佩恩和其他志愿者的帮助出乎他们的意料。
22.A.pay B.receive
C.cover D.enjoy
解析：C 根据上文Payne booked the hotel rooms可知，这个志愿者组织已经能够为大约80人支付三个晚上的宾馆费用。
23.A.determine B.provide
C.design D.accomplish
解析：B 根据上文They’re hoping to continue working together可知，他们希望继续在一起工作，其目的是提供长期的解决方案。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
每个人都有分享的经历，请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍一次自己的分享经历，内容包括：
1.叙述分享经历； 2.表达个人体会。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
I have been fond of and good at writing since I was young.In one Chinese class when I was in Grade Eight， the teacher advised me to share my writing techniques with the other students.I was only too glad to do so.I went to the platform and shared my views on how to write a good composition.It turned out that my speech was such a great success that all my classmates applauded warmly in the end.I felt a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
As the saying goes，“Sharing is caring.” When we are sharing， not only are we caring about others， but we are also spreading knowledge and positive energy to them.
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2024·深圳高二下期中检测）When I was in middle school， my family moved to Seattle， where my parents started their new business — a small grocery store downstairs my house.As a girl of shy and reserved nature， I had to take a fresh start to fit into the sophisticated city life.
One sunny day， my school announced an exciting event， a talent show for the local food bank.Students were encouraged to showcase their unique talents in front of the public in the city hall on National Day.A buzz of excitement fed the school as everyone began preparing for the big day.Deep down， I felt a spark of curiosity and a desire to participate.However， my self-doubt held me back， “I don’t have any special skills to share.”
Days turned into weeks， and the talent show drew closer.I couldn’t shake the upsetting feeling until one day， Emma， one of the most popular girls in my class， came to me while I was helping in the grocery store after class.“How about singing together in the talent show？”she grinned，“I heard you singing a tune， along the way back home.I can’t help following you here.” Gosh， I couldn’t believe my ears.Emma， with personality and popularity， acknowledged my little talent.Since Emma had the world’s prettiest voice， I felt like being favoured by fortune.
“You two？ The talent show for the food bank？” My mum bent towards us and her face lit up.“A big occasion.” Then a light bulb seemed to go in her head.“Why not practise right now upstairs？ I bet you’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us， she seemed to know we were thinking alike.
Emma and I embarked on rehearsing almost every single day after school.We brainstormed， exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene.As the days rolled by， I was feeling pretty good about our act.But the day before the performance， Emma called that she had an acute stomachache and was not in any shape to perform.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
I was completely surprised at the news.
Finally came the big moment.
参考范文：
I was completely surprised at the news.What should I do？ Having prepared for such a long time， I didn’t think of that coming up.Feeling at a loss， I was brainstorming as hard as I could to think of a solution， when a gentle touch on my back brought me back to reality.It was my mum， who looked at me with care and concern.“You have prepared for it enough.You can do it by yourself.” she said after my stumbled explanation.I looked back at her eyes， and a sense of confidence and warmness swelled up in my heart.Yes， I could do it myself.
Finally came the big moment.Looking around the audience， I stepped onto the stage， with butterflies in my stomach.My voice trembled at first， but with the melodies flew around， the nervousness was gone with the wind.Emotions filled in my song， I performed as naturally as I spoke every day.I saw my mum， who was looking at me with reassurance and care.It turned out to be a good performance， which helped me conquer my fears and turned me into a new person.
20 / 21Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH
8 March
I just got a parcel① from home！ It took about two weeks to arrive， and it was a bit damaged， but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam② from home；I’ve been dying to③ have some of my favourite sweets， and it’s always nice to get mail④！
So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now.My secondary⑤ school is a bush school.[1]The classrooms are made of bamboo， with clay⑥ floors and roofs of grass.It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty⑦ track covered in weeds⑧.When I reach the school grounds， I’m greeted by a chorus⑨ of “good morning” from the boys.Unlike students in our country， these boys do not wear cotton⑩ uniforms ，and many of them also have to walk a long way， sometimes for up to two hours， just to get to school.
There’s no electricity， running water or even textbooks，not to mention laptops， tablets ， or other modern devices！[2]All the students have are pencils， rubbers ， and paper.I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions.I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching.Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.There is no equipment， and since there isn’t even a washroom ， if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin！[3]It’s important not to be too rigid about rules here， too.[4]The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when， before I knew it， the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！[5]The class became a circus as the boys，who had never come across anything like this before， started jumping out of the windows.Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students — few will ever become chemists — and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.[6]To be honest ， I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
[1]with短语作伴随状语。
[2]the students have是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。
[3]It作形式主语，动词不定式短语not to be too rigid about rules here是真正的主语。
[4]be doing ... when ...意为“正在做……这时（突然）……”；before引导时间状语从句，意为“没来得及……就……”。
[5]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the boys。
[6]whether引导宾语从句。
17 April
Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village，home to one of our students，Tombe.[7]Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there — first， up a mountain from where we had fantastic views， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.When we arrived at the village， Tombe’s mother， Kiak，saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”.We shook hands with all the villagers.Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe.
[8]Tombe’s father， Mukap， a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead ， led us to his house， a low， round bamboo hut with no windows， with a door just big enough to get through， and with grass sticking out of the roof — this shows it is a man’s house. Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut.[9]The only possessions I could see were one broom， a few saucers ， a kettle ， cups， pans ， and a couple of jars.
[7]from where引导定语从句。
[8]a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead作Mukap的同位语；a low，round bamboo hut 作house的同位语；with no windows， with a door just big enough to get through和with grass sticking out of the roof是三个with的复合结构。
[9]I could see是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词possessions；先行词被only修饰，定语从句引导词只能用that，不能用which。
Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it to heat.He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau （sweet potato）， ripe corn， and greens.He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.It smelled delicious.[10]We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire.[11]I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language， even though I could not participate much in the conversation.Luckily， Tombe interpreted for us.
Later， I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.After a while， Tombe threw it out of the doorway.Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night， so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.
We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.That evening I fell happily into bed.[12]It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
[10]动词-ing短语sitting round the fire作方式状语。
[11]listen to sb doing sth意为“听某人正在做某事”；even though引导让步状语从句。
[12]It was a privilege to do sth意为“做某事是一种殊荣”；to have done为动词不定式的完成式，表明该动作比谓语动词的动作先发生。
【读文清障】
①parcel n.包裹
vt.裹好；打包
②jam n.果酱；堵塞
③be dying to 极想；渴望
④mail n.邮件；信件；邮件
vt.邮寄；发电邮给
⑤secondary adj.中学的；次要的
⑥clay n.黏土；陶土
⑦dust n.沙土；灰尘
vi.& vt. 擦灰
dusty adj.布满灰尘的
⑧weed n.杂草；野草
vt.& vi.除杂草
⑨chorus n.合唱曲；合唱团
vt.合唱；齐声说
a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
⑩cotton n.棉布；棉花
uniform n.校服；制服
adj.一致的；统一的
up to 多达；高达
not to mention更不用说；且不说
tablet n.平板电脑；便笺本；药片
rubber n.橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶
adapt to 适应
imaginative adj.富有想象力的
washroom n.洗手间；厕所
rigid adj.死板的；固执的
the other day 不久前某一天
tube n.管子；管状物
circus n.马戏团
come across偶然遇见；碰上
relevant adj.有关的；切题的
chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房
to be honest 说实话
make any difference to ...对……有作用/有影响
remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的
shake hands with sb 与某人握手
be related to ... 与……有亲戚关系
jaw n.颌；下巴
wrinkle vt.& vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹
forehead n.额；前额
stick out 伸出；突出
housing n.住房；住宅
platform n.平台；站台；舞台
saucer n.茶碟；杯托
kettle n.（烧水用的）壶；水壶
pan n.平底锅；烤盘
build a fire 生火
ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
upside down 上下颠倒的
dry out （使浸水等之物）完全变干；干透
drag vt.拖；拽vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
privilege n.优惠待遇；特权
【参考译文】
丛林里的志愿行动
3月8日
我刚收到一个从家里寄来的包裹！大约花了两周的时间包裹才到达，而且有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的一些糖果和果酱；我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已！
到现在我已经在丛林里待了大约一个月了。我所在的中学是一所丛林学校。教室是用竹子搭建的，黏土夯的地面，茅草搭的屋顶。沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。我走进校园时，男孩们齐声对我喊“早上好”。与我们国家的学生不同，这些男孩不穿棉制校服，他们中的很多人得长途跋涉，有时长达两个小时才能到学校。
那儿没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备！学生们只有铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件。在我的教学中，我不得不变得更有想象力。科学课是我最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生没有做实验的概念。这里没有设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要水，我得用盆子从我的房子里端来！在这里，很重要的一点是也不能太墨守成规。几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！班上乱成了马戏团，男孩们纷纷跳窗跑走，因为他们以前从没遇到过像这样的事情。有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的用处——几乎没有人会成为化学家——而且大多数人无论如何在八年级后都要回到自己的村庄。说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来不同。
4月17日
上周末，我第一次去了一个偏远的村庄，我们的学生汤贝的家在那里。我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。我们到达村子时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看见我们到来，就“唉咿——唉咿——”地叫了起来。我们和所有的村民握手。每个人似乎都是汤贝的亲戚。
汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前：一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门的宽度仅够单人穿过，屋顶伸出一簇茅草——这表明这是一个男人的房子。这样的房屋里面很暗，所以过了一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过来。地上铺着新草，还有一个让我和珍妮睡觉的平台。屋子中央有个火炉。我能看到的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶，还有几个杯子、平底锅和罐子。
穆卡普在屋外生了火，然后把石头放在上面加热。接着，他把热石头放入一个空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。然后他用香蕉叶盖住蔬菜，把它们蒸上。食物闻起来很香。我们在屋内围着火炉吃饭。我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈，虽然我无法参与多少他们的谈话。幸好汤贝为我们做了解说。
后来，我注意到有一个罐子倒立在火炉上面的烤架上。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔出门口去。他告诉我说，加热罐子是为了烤干剩菜。他们家相信剩菜会在夜晚引来恶灵，所以所有的剩菜都放在罐子里烤干，然后再把罐子扔到屋外。
次日清晨，多次互道再见和紧紧握手之后，我们离开了村庄。当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身肌肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。那天晚上，我心满意足地一头栽倒在床上。和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1.Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1 A.Jo and another teacher visited Tombe’s home in the village.
Part 2 B.Getting mail from home made Jo feel nice.
Part 3 C.The school where Jo worked and Jo’s work at school.
答案：Parts 1－3 BCA
2.What’s the main idea of this passage？
The passage is mainly about Jo’s experience as a volunteer in the bush .
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.The purpose of the author in writing the blog is to tell us .（ ）
A.Jo’s teaching life in the bush school as a volunteer
B.Jo’s learning life in the bush school as a volunteer
C.Jo couldn’t get any money by teaching the poor students
D.how happy Jo was in the small village
2.In a chemistry experiment， the boys jumped out of the windows because they .（ ）
A.were frightened by the bubbling mixture
B.couldn’t stand the terrible smell of the mixture
C.didn’t like doing chemistry experiments
D.knew chemistry was not relevant to them
3.By writing “The only possessions I could see were ...”， the author wants to tell us .（ ）
A.Tombe’s family were kind-hearted
B.Tombe’s family were guest-lovers
C.Tombe’s family only used simple things
D.Tombe’s family were very poor
4.How did Jo feel after the visit to Tombe’s family？（ ）
A.Sad. B.Happy. C.Worried. D.Upset.
答案：1－4 AADB
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the school and its conditions.
（1）My secondary school is a bush school.The classrooms are made of bamboo， with clay floors and roofs of grass.
（2）It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
（3）There’s no electricity， running water or even textbooks， not to mention laptops， tablets， or other modern devices！
（4）All the students have are pencils， rubbers， and paper.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the students.
（1）Unlike students in our country，these boys do not wear cotton uniforms，and many of them also have to walk a long way， sometimes for up to two hours， just to get to school.
（2）The class became a circus as the boys， who had never come across anything like this before， started jumping out of the windows.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the author’s emotions.
（1）...I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets， and it’s always nice to get mail！
（2）To be honest， I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
（3）That evening I fell happily into bed.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1.What do you think of the life of Tombe？
His life is rather hard， original and simple， but he and his family are very friendly.
2.Do you like sharing in your life？ What are the benefits of sharing？
Yes.I believe everyone must form the habit of sharing in his or her life. Sharing has numerous benefits that positively impact individuals， communities， and society as a whole. Firstly， sharing builds trust and fosters stronger relationships by promoting empathy， understanding， and cooperation. Secondly， sharing encourages social interaction and networking. Thirdly， by sharing， we develop a sense of generosity and kindness towards others.
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1.Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students — few will ever become chemists — and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
句式分析 该句为复合句。主干为 I wonder ； how relevant chemistry is to these students是how引导的 宾语 从句，破折号后的部分起进一步解释说明的作用；and连接前后两个并列句。
自主翻译 有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的用处——几乎没有人会成为化学家——而且大多数人无论如何在八年级后都要回到自己的村庄。
2.When we arrived at the village，Tombe’s mother，Kiak， saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”.
句式分析 该句为复合句。When we arrived at the village是时间状语从句，Kiak作Tombe’s mother的 同位语 ；句子的主干是Tombe’s mother saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”，其中saw us coming为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；and连接两个并列谓语 saw 和 started 。
自主翻译 我们到达村子时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看见我们到来，就“唉咿——唉咿——”地叫了起来。
3.Tombe’s father，Mukap，a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead，led us to his house，a low，round bamboo hut with no windows， with a door just big enough to get through， and with grass sticking out of the roof — this shows it is a man’s house.
句式分析 该句为复合句。Mukap作Tombe’s father的 同位语 ，a low，round bamboo hut作his house的同位语；it is a man’s house为省略了 that 的宾语从句。
自主翻译 汤贝的父亲穆卡普，一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，把我们带到他的房子前：一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门的宽度仅够单人穿过，屋顶伸出一簇茅草——这表明这是一个男人的房子。
核心词汇集释
not to mention 更不用说； 且不说
【教材原句】 There’s no electricity， running water or even textbooks， not to mention laptops， tablets， or other modern devices！
那儿没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备！
【用法】
更不用说……
【佳句】 ①He has a big house and an expensive car， not to mention a villa in France. 他有一所大房子和一辆昂贵的汽车，且不说在法国还有一栋别墅了。
②There isn’t enough room for us， let alone six dogs and a cat.
连我们的地方都不够，更不必说六条狗和一只猫了。
【练透】 完成句子
①The project requires hours of research and analysis， not to mention a detailed report and presentation .
这个项目需要数小时的研究和分析，更不用说详细的报告和演示了。
【写美】 一句多译
②我连一英里都跑不了，更不要说马拉松了。
→I can’t run a mile， not to mention a marathon.
→I can’t run a mile， let alone a marathon.
shade vt.给……遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
【教材原句】 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there — first， up a mountain from where we had fantastic views， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。
【用法】
（1）shade ...from/against ... 给……遮挡…… shade ...with ... 用……遮挡…… （2）in the shade 在阴凉处 put ...in the shade 使……相形见绌 in/under the shade of ... 在……的阴凉下
【佳句】 The hall was cool， shaded， and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the dim light.
大厅里凉爽、阴暗，我的眼睛花了一分钟才适应昏暗的光线。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I thought I was quite a good artist， but your painting puts mine in the shade. I need to learn from you in the future.
②I had to wear my sunglasses to shade my eyes from/against the light.
【写美】 完成句子
③我看见他坐在树荫下读书。
I saw him sitting in/under the shade of a tree ， reading a book.
ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
【教材原句】 He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau （sweet potato）， ripe corn， and greens. 接着，他把热石头放入一个空油桶，里面有栲栲（甘薯）、熟玉米和青菜。
【用法】
（1）（be） ripe for 时机成熟，准备就绪 （2）ripen v. （使）成熟
【佳句】 ①Those bananas aren’t ripe enough to eat yet — they’re still green.
那些香蕉还没熟到可以吃——它们还是绿色的。
②The summer sunshine ripened the melons.
夏天的阳光使瓜成熟了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We are waiting for the first crops to ripen （ripe）.
②At that time， the conditions were ripe for social change.
【写美】 完成句子
③In 2024， he believed that the time was ripe for him to start his own business .
2024年，他认为自己创业的时机已经成熟。
drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
【教材原句】 My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我浑身肌肉酸痛，双膝颤抖。
【用法】
drag over 拖过；拖出 drag down 把……向下拖；使衰弱 drag ...out of ... 把……从……中拖出来 drag sb into （doing） sth 把某人拖入到（做）某事中
【佳句】 She encouraged him not to let anyone drag him down and shake his confidence.
她鼓励他不要让任何人拖累他，动摇他的信心。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He has nothing to do with the murder case； don’t drag him into trouble.
②I dragged （drag） the chair over to the window to enjoy the beautiful view.
【写美】 完成句子
③She dragged herself out of bed ， still half asleep.
她挣扎着起了床，仍然睡眼惺忪。
privilege n.优惠待遇；特权
【教材原句】 It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。
【用法】
（1）It is a privilege to do sth 做某事是一种殊荣 have the privilege to do/of doing sth 有特权做某事 （2）privileged adj. 有特权的 be privileged to do sth 荣幸做某事
【佳句】 ①It is a great privilege for me to invite you to participate in the Chinese Speech Contest for foreigners at my school on 1 December. 我很荣幸邀请你参加12月1日在我校举办的外国人汉语演讲比赛。
②I have been privileged to have such a long and interesting career.
我很荣幸能有这样一个漫长而有趣的职业生涯。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We are very privileged （privilege） to be invited here this evening.
②Do you think it a privilege to be chosen as a representative？
【写美】 完成句子
③Ladies and gentlemen， I have the great privilege of introducing/to introduce our speaker to you tonight. 女士们、先生们，我非常荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
④It’s been a privilege for me to be involved in such an interesting project.
能参与这样一个有趣的项目是我的荣幸。
重点句型解构
句型公式：be doing ...when ...正在做……这时（突然）……
【教材原句】 The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when， before I knew it， the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！
几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
【用法】
句中when用作连词，意为“这时（突然）”。 be about to do ...when ... 正要做……这时（突然）…… be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时（突然）…… had （just） done ...when ... 刚做完……这时（突然）……
【品悟】 ①She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.
她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。
②I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
我正在浏览公告牌上的照片，这时身后突然传来一个声音。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
①We were talking when he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.
我们正聊着，这时突然他就拿着夹克跑开了。
②We had （just） reached the railway station when the train arrived.
我们刚到火车站，这时火车就到了。
③The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.
那个婴儿正要哭的时候，她的母亲最后回到了家。
④He was on the point of giving up the question when suddenly he found the answer.
→ He was about to give up the question when suddenly he found the answer.
句型公式：from where引导定语从句
【教材原句】 Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there — first， up a mountain from where we had fantastic views， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。
【用法】
（1）句中from where引导定语从句，相当于and from here/there。 （2）from where中的where指的是一个地点状语；from which中的which指的是一个地点名词。
【品悟】 Alice stood at the window， from where she could watch her classmates playing football.
艾丽丝站在窗边，从那里她可以看到同学们正在踢足球。
【写美】 完成句子
①This is the biggest supermarket in the city， from which you can buy whatever you need .
这是这个城市里最大的超市，在那里你可以买到任何你需要的东西。
②She climbed up to the top of the hill， from where she could have a good view of the whole town .
她登上山顶，从那里她可以一览全镇的风光。
维度一：品句填词
1.If the handshake （握手） is weak， it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.
2.At the very moment， we were seized with panic.I sat upright， my body rigid （僵硬的） with fear.
3.By the time they started secondary （中等教育的） school， children were already far more aware of their image online.
4.These shirts are 100% pure cotton （棉布）.
5.The old man dragged （拖） the net with all his strength， only to find nothing but an old pan.
6.The medicine should be kept in the shade ， or they will lose effectiveness.
7.Mr and Mrs Miller were tired from working all day and the children were busy playing on tablets .
8.As the music played， some students dressed in uniform marched in with the national flag.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry （chemist） Department of Sydney University.
2.The app WeChat provides a networking platform where communication has become faster and faster.
3.I put the letter in an envelope， attached a stamp and mailed （mail） it.
4.Through the activity， I believe it is labor that matters a lot and that small efforts made by everyone can make a great difference to our society.
5.I really like having a walk along shaded （shade） road with my friends after school.
6.His parents always had him weeding （weed） the garden and carrying out the garbage.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.He hid himself behind the door， from where he saw the man take something on the desk .（from where）
他躲在门后，从那里他看到那个男人拿了桌子上的什么东西。
2.In my sister’s opinion， it’s a privilege to do voluntary work .（privilege）
在我姐姐看来，做志愿者工作是一件荣幸的事情。
3.She caught a cold and it took her a week to recover .
她患了感冒，用了一周的时间才恢复过来。
4.Yesterday， I was about to go shopping when Jack called me.（be about to ...when ...）
昨天我正要去购物，这时杰克突然打来了电话。
5.They are always short of water to drink， not to mention water to bathe in .
他们总是缺少饮用水，更不用说用来洗澡的水了。
维度四：课文语法填空
I got a parcel from home，1. which took about two weeks to arrive.Though it was a bit damaged， I felt very delighted because I’ve been dying 2. to have （have） some of my favourite sweets.
My secondary school is a bush school.The classrooms are made 3. of bamboo.When I reach the school grounds， I’m 4. greeted （greet） by the boys who have to walk 5. a long way， sometimes for up to two hours to get to school.
There’s no electricity， running water or even textbooks， not to mention modern devices！ I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions.Science is my most 6. challenging （challenge） subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.
Last weekend I made my first visit with another teacher to Tombe’s village.It took us two and a half hours 7. to get （get） there.When we arrived， Tombe’s mother and all the villagers greeted us 8. warmly （warm）.
We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.Though I 9. felt （feel） very exhausted， that evening I fell happily into bed.It was such a privilege 10. to have spent （spend） a day with Tombe’s family.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·沧州十校高二下月考）Casey McIntyre recently died of cancer.Before she passed away， Ms McIntyre set up a way to help others.Now， over $600，000 has been donated in her memory， and that money will help to pay off around $60 million of other people’s medical bills.
Ms McIntyre， who was 38， worked as a publisher in New York City.In 2019， doctors told her that she had a serious kind of cancer.Though doctors treated her for the cancer， Ms McIntyre’s health got worse.
But she realised that in a way， she was luckier than some other people.She had insurance to help pay for her medical care.“Casey had no medical debt，” said her husband， Andrew Rose Gregory.That means she didn’t owe money for her medical care.
But Ms McIntyre and her husband knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care.Ms McIntyre worried about others who weren’t as lucky as she had been.
Soon， Ms McIntyre and her husband began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt.This group works to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others.Usually， the group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they actually cost.In other words， for every $100 donated， the group can pay off $10，000 in unpaid medical bills.
On 12 November， Ms McIntyre passed away.Mr Gregory posted a message for Ms McIntyre on her social media accounts.“If you’re reading this I have passed away，” the post began.Then the post explained， “To celebrate my life， I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debt and then destroy the debt.”
The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose.They had hoped to raise about $20，000.But Ms McIntyre’s post attracted a lot of attention.As of 22 November， Ms McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627，000， or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debt.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Casey McIntyre最近因癌症去世。为了纪念她，人们已经捐赠了60多万美元，这些钱将帮助支付其他病人大约6，000万美元的医疗费用。
1.In which way did Ms McIntyre feel luckier？（ ）
A.She had a happy family.
B.Her illness wasn’t serious.
C.Her husband was healthy.
D.She had medical insurance.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Casey McIntyre意识到，在某种程度上，她比其他一些人幸运——她有保险来支付医疗费用。
2.What’s the purpose of RIP Medical Debt？（ ）
A.To help cancer patients.
B.To cure serious diseases.
C.To help patients with medical bills.
D.To offer medical advice for patients.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，RIP Medical Debt这一组织主要帮助那些经济困难的病人支付所欠医院的账单。
3.Why did Mr Gregory post a message on social media？（ ）
A.To announce her wife’s death.
B.To appeal for some donations.
C.To raise people’s health awareness.
D.To collect some money for her wife.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，Mr Gregory在社交媒体上发布这条消息的主要目的是募集资金来帮助其他病人，最终他们募集了60多万美元。
4.Which of the following can best describe Ms McIntyre？（ ）
A.Outgoing and cheerful.
B.Caring and considerate.
C.Intelligent and creative.
D.Active and determined.
解析：B 推理判断题。综合全文可知，Casey McIntyre自己虽然身患癌症，但她一直致力于帮助其他病人筹集资金来支付医疗账单，这说明她是体贴和有爱心的。
B
（2024·南京高二下质检）Want a longer life？ Volunteer to do good and you might benefit at least as much.And being selfless can also be good for both body and soul.
A new review of the health effects of volunteering found that helping others on a regular basis can reduce early mortality rates （死亡率） by 22%， compared to those in people who don’t participate in such activities.
The review also revealed that volunteers benefit from reduced rates of depression and an increased sense of life satisfaction and wellbeing — doing good， it seems， made them feel good.
But don’t expect to enjoy the benefits of long life after donating a few coins in the next charity collection.It takes regular sacrifice of time and effort to engage the sense of reward that comes from volunteering — in the research， participants volunteered at least an hour of work， once a month and often， pitched in more frequently.
Helping others probably benefits health by increasing social contact and reducing loneliness， which another review found to be as dangerous as smoking in contributing to high blood pressure， heart attacks and strokes and dementia.In contrast， socializing with friends and family — which volunteer work promotes — lowers dementia risk.
But taken too extremes， even being selfless can be too much of a good thing.The authors found some studies that suggested people who sacrificed in order to care for family members could become less healthy both emotionally and physically， since they are frequently overwhelmed （使受不了） with heavy responsibilities.The same can be true for other types of volunteering， if the activities start to become a burden rather than a relief.
“There may be a fine line between volunteering enough to experience mental health benefits （up to 10 hours a month） and spending too much time volunteering so it becomes a burden，” the authors write.“If volunteering becomes a burden， this may lead to ‘burnout’.”
They also note that more work is needed to understand whether volunteering actually improves health and leads to longer lives； it may be that volunteers are generally more active and socially engaged， and therefore healthier to begin with.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，帮助他人无论对我们的身体还是精神都有很大的好处——其中最大的好处是可以延长我们的生命。
5.What did the new review of the health effects of volunteering mainly find？（ ）
A.Volunteering can be good for body.
B.Volunteering can be good for mind.
C.Helping others will help us live longer.
D.Helping others will make us feel good.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这一新的研究表明，经常帮助别人可以大大降低我们过早死亡的概率。
6.By saying “But don’t expect to enjoy the benefits of long life after donating a few coins in the next charity collection.”， the writer suggests that .（ ）
A.we should do good deeds regularly
B.little help doesn’t make much difference
C.money is not enough in helping others
D.it’s unreasonable to expect to live longer
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，这句话表达的意思是：要想长寿，仅仅偶尔做好事是不够的，我们应该经常做好事。
7.Paragraph 5 mainly conveys the message that .（ ）
A.smoking causes many diseases
B.loneliness may do great harm to health
C.doing good improves our mental health
D.helping others makes us contact more people
解析：D 段落大意题。根据第五段可知，本段主要告诉我们帮助他人可以促进我们的社会交往，从而减少孤独给我们带来的危害。
8.Which proverb can best summarize the sixth paragraph？（ ）
A.It’s difficult to please all.
B.Too much is as bad as too little.
C.Love makes the world go around.
D.You can only do one thing at a time.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第六段可知，如果花在志愿活动上的时间太多，那么助人就会变成一种负担，同时也会影响我们的健康。因此作者的态度是志愿活动也要适度。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·重庆高二下月考）Obviously， confidence is something we want.We feel better when we’re confident and confidence makes us better at nearly everything that we do.
9.（ ）： our children， our students， and our employees.So， we encourage them by saying phrases like， “You got this！”
That’s because we’ve all been taught this diagram called the confidence/competence loop （环形）.The loop works as follows： 10.（ ）， the more success you have， and the more confident you become， which， in turn， boosts your belief in yourself and makes you more competent.It’s a virtuous cycle.
The problem is that the confidence loop only explains the confidence cycle for individuals， not for interpersonal or group settings.There are two different types of success：“task success” and “relationship success”.“Will I win the game？” is a task-success question.“Will you still be there if I lose？” is a relationship-success question.11.（ ）？ Which one matters more to you？
In interpersonal settings， the success of the relationship matters more than the success of the task.If I fail at my task， then I’m only letting myself down.But if I fail at our task， then I’m letting you down.
12.（ ）， then I will not perform at a high level because the stakes are too high.If I think that messing up a project will get me fired， then I will not perform at a high level because the stakes are too high.That’s not confidence， that’s fear.
That’s why I say in my speeches，“Stop telling people， ‘You got this.’ Instead， tell them what they really need to hear，‘I got you.’”
Almost every truly confident person has someone who supports them unconditionally and independently of their win/loss track record.13.（ ）.Let them know，“Hey， you’ve got this.And if even you don’t， then I’ve got you.”
A.The more competent you are
B.Which one feels more significant
C.Why should we become confident
D.Be an unconditional supporter of someone else
E.But we also want those we care about to have it as well
F.It means being certain of your abilities or of having trust in people
G.If I think that losing the game will cause everyone to turn their backs on me
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。人人都需要自信，我们在自己建立自信的同时，也应该帮助他人建立自信。
9.E 下文中的our children， our students， and our employees正好与E项中的those对应。
10.A 下文接连出现两个the more ...句式，正好与A项相匹配。
11.B 上文列举了两个问题，这里针对这两个问题进行分析；后面句子Which one matters more to you？暗示B项符合语境，与其并列。
12.G 分析语境可知，逗号后面是主句，逗号前面是一个从句，因此G项符合语境。
13.D 上句指出：几乎每个真正自信的人都有人无条件地支持他/她。D项则接着建议我们去无条件地支持他人。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·无锡高二下期末）Recently， I was thinking how mindless my family’s routines had become.We had become absorbed in our own activities and not very 14 towards those around us.We needed to do something to bring back some 15 into our lives.
I purchased a journal， 16 it “Our Deed Diary” and held a family meeting.I told my husband and our daughters I 17 us all to think about doing a kindness for others every day.The purpose was to 18 the focus on ourselves and brighten someone else’s day in the process.
We talked about what a good deed would mean for this “ 19 ”.We decided that a good deed was doing something nice for someone else that they were not 20 .It could be as 21 as making a card for your teacher.We 22 to record our deeds every day and discuss them over dinner.
The project is 23 than it seems.We all， of course， do things for others on a 24 basis but this had to be something above and beyond what we already do.Sending birthday cards to people that we already send cards to every year would not 25 .This had to be an unexpected 26 on our parts.
We have been doing good deeds for nearly a year now.I am happy to say that it is making a 27 in our lives.Instead of always wondering what the day will bring for us， we 28 what we can do for someone else.I feel my daughters better understand the old saying that “it is better to give than to receive”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过“一天一件好事”计划，不但改变了他人的生活，而且给自己带来了快乐。
14. A.sensitive B.generous
C.curious D.considerate
解析：D 作者认为自己和家人过多地关注自己的事，也就是对周围的人缺乏关心和体贴。
15. A.value B.symbol
C.wisdom D.meaning
解析：D 结合下文可知，作者想通过帮助他人让自己的生活变得更有意义。
16. A.called B.defined
C.created D.designed
解析：A 作者买了一本日记，给其取名为Our Deed Diary。
17. A.ordered B.wanted
C.suggested D.requested
解析：B 作者想让自己的丈夫和女儿们考虑为他人做好事。
18. A.place B.obtain
C.reduce D.increase
解析：C 结合上文可知，作者这项计划的目的是减少对自己的关注，去照亮他人的生活。
19. A.dream B.project
C.idea D.attempt
解析：B 根据下段首句可知，作者所从事的是一项“计划”。
20. A.predicting B.expecting
C.demanding D.requiring
解析：B 根据下段最后一句可知，这项计划中所做的每一件好事，应该是出乎对方意料的。
21. A.special B.useful
C.simple D.interesting
解析：C 给教师制作贺卡是很简单的事。
22. A.decided B.hoped
C.insisted D.preferred
解析：A 作者一家决定将每天做的好事记录下来并在晚饭时间讨论。
23. A.bigger B.smaller
C.easier D.harder
解析：D 根据下文可知，对于这项计划中所做的好事有严格的要求。
24. A.regular B.casual
C.normal D.natural
解析：A 作者一家每天都做好事。on a regular basis经常。
25. A.matter B.count
C.contribute D.include
解析：B 由于该计划对所作好事有严格的要求，因此送贺卡这种事是不算的。
26. A.plan B.program
C.effort D.present
解析：C 作者一家每天为他人所做的好事应该算是一种努力。
27. A.sense B.change
C.choice D.difference
解析：D 结合下文可知，作者一家从事的这项计划对他们的生活带来了很大的影响和改变。make a difference有影响，起作用。
28. A.put forward B.make out
C.think about D.bring up
解析：C 作者认为我们应该考虑每天可以为别人做些什么。
16 / 18单元质量检测（四） SHARING
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers probably doing？（ ）
A.Preparing for camping.
B.Buying sleeping bags.
C.Cleaning up the car.
2.Where does the woman want to go？（ ）
A.Chicago. B.Atlanta. C.Denver.
3.How does the woman feel？（ ）
A.Satisfied. B.Discouraged. C.Excited.
4.Where are the speakers？（ ）
A.At home. B.In the office. C.In the stadium.
5.What’s the woman’s attitude to McDonald’s？（ ）
A.Supportive. B.Neutral. C.Opposed.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What shoe size does the man want？（ ）
A.Size 7. B.Size 8. C.Size 10.
7.How much will the man pay？（ ）
A.$32. B.$36. C.$40.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What did the girl do for the dance？（ ）
A.She did the cleaning.
B.She did the decorating.
C.She did the dishwashing.
9.When was the dance held？（ ）
A.On Friday night.
B.On Saturday night.
C.On Sunday night.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What does the woman say about her apartment？（ ）
A.It has two bedrooms with a big kitchen.
B.It has two bedrooms with a small balcony.
C.It has one bedroom with a large balcony.
11.How much should the man pay the woman if he hires the apartment？（ ）
A.About $100.
B.About $200.
C.About $400.
12.When will the woman meet the man？（ ）
A.On Wednesday.
B.On Thursday.
C.On Friday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.What does the man enjoy most about the course？（ ）
A.Meeting famous musicians.
B.Organising every detail of it.
C.Hearing young musicians play.
14.How does the man advertise the course？（ ）
A.Through the Internet.
B.Through the university.
C.Through the TV show.
15.What is required to join the course？（ ）
A.Perfect performances.
B.Basic English skills.
C.Good looks.
16.Why isn’t the countryside a good choice？（ ）
A.The cost is high.
B.The space is limited.
C.The transport is inconvenient.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.How many people in America go rock climbing？（ ）
A.More than ten million people.
B.Around nine million people.
C.About five million people.
18.What does rock climbing require according to the speaker？（ ）
A.Strength and strong will.
B.Strong will and high energy.
C.Good balance and strength.
19.How many kinds of rock climbing are mentioned？（ ）
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.
20.According to the speaker， who should attempt to go rock climbing alone？（ ）
A.Only the very best in the sport.
B.Only the young climbers.
C.Only people who have experience in groups.
答案：1－5 ABBAC 6－10 BBBAC 11－15 BCCAB 16－20 CBCBA
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Dad， I think we’ve got everything in the car.
M：Really？ I don’t think the tent is going to fit. And the sleeping bags and fishing equipment take up a lot of space， too.
（Text 2）
M：You can change planes in either Chicago or Denver.
W：You mean there’s no direct flight from New York to Atlanta？
（Text 3）
M：Cindy， how are you getting along with the translation work？
W：I have written and rewritten so much that I don’t know if I’ll ever get it finished.
（Text 4）
W：What is the time？
M：It’s a quarter past nine by my watch.
W：My favourite program Sing ！China will be on soon. Don’t switch the channel.You can turn to the computer for your favourite football match.
（Text 5）
W：What do you think of McDonald’s？
M：It’s a good place for children — good foods and a safe place for them to have fun.The foods are of great quality and children love the chips there.
W：No， I don’t agree.Look， how fat some of the children in this city are！ Keep your children away from fatty food.
（Text 6）
W：Good morning， sir.May I help you？
M：Oh， yes.I’m looking for a pair of sports shoes in size 8.
W：OK.Follow me， please ... What do you think of this pair？
M：They look nice.How much are they？
W：They are 40 dollars， but I can give you a 10 percent discount.
M：Good.
（Text 7）
M：Where were you this morning？
W：This morning？ I was at home， helping my mother.We don’t have classes on Saturday， you know.
M：Why weren’t you at school？ Weren’t you on the clean-up committee for the dance？
W：No， I wasn’t on that committee.I was on the decorating committee.
M：Oh！ Well， the decorations were very nice.
W：We worked on them all day Friday. Were you at the dance last night？
M：Yes， I was.I didn’t see you there.
W：I was there， but there were a lot of people， and I didn’t stay very long.
M：It was a nice dance， wasn’t it？
W：Yes， I enjoyed it very much.
（Text 8）
M：Hello！ I’m calling about the apartment you have advertised in today’s Daily Mail.
W：Yes.I will have a trip， so the house will be empty for two weeks.
M：Great！ I’d like to hire a short period of time.Two weeks is just enough. Could you introduce your apartment to me？
W：Sure.It’s a one-bedroom apartment with a big balcony. But it has a small kitchen.
M：That’s just my cup of tea.What’s the price？
W：$400 per month. You need only to pay for electricity， for gas and water are included.And you can use the parking lot free of charge.
M：Sounds good.Then I can save some money.May I come over tomorrow to take a look？
W：Today is Wednesday.How about the day after tomorrow？ I’ve got an appointment tomorrow.
M：OK.
（Text 9）
W：My guest today is Tim Jones， who organises an international summer course for young musicians.Tim， tell us all about it.
M：Well， I’m lucky to have such a great job.Basically， young musicians come from all over the world and learn to play together to have a concert tour.By the end of the eight-week course， they’re really good， and hearing them play is what gives me most pleasure.Unfortunately， I don’t get to know them all that well， as organising every single small thing of the course keeps me busy.
W：So， how do you find the young musicians？
M：We advertise online.Anyone between the ages of 16 and 20 can complete the application form and e-mail it to us.We’re not looking for the perfect performance or the good-looking stars of tomorrow.But the course is in English， so a basic level of spoken language is necessary.
W：Where is the course held？
M：Mostly in a university during the summer holidays.They have halls for practicing， and plenty of bedrooms and dining rooms， which is a low cost for us.And of course， convenient transport is a must， so somewhere in the quiet countryside is no good， even though it is more spacious there.
（Text 10）
Some people say the higher you climb， the harder you fall. But those people probably would not be rock climbers.About nine million people go rock climbing in the United States.Millions more take part in the activity around the world.Rock climbing can be dangerous.But there are a lot of methods and equipment that can increase a climber’s safety.Climbing takes strength， control， and good balance.Climbers have to pull themselves straight up the face of very high rocks or walls.So they have to be strong enough to carry their own weight.And climbers sometimes have to hold on to rocks by only their fingers or toes.There are several kinds of rock climbing.Traditional rock climbing is done outside.Climbers wear ropes and attach equipment to the rocks.They also connect their ropes to the equipment.If a climber slips， a rope can stop him from falling.Sport climbing is similar.However， in that sport， the safety equipment is permanently placed in the rock.There is also indoor climbing.Rock walls made of wood or concrete have places for the climber’s hands and feet.Climbers use their legs to climb； arms and hands are for position and balance.People almost always climb in groups of two or more.Climbing alone is very dangerous.Expert rock climbers say only the very best in the sport should do it.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nashville offers many after-school tutoring centers to help kids develop their skills and creativity.
Spotlite Dance Studio
4075 Luke Ct， Murfreesboro， TN 37128， USA
Tel：（615）459-4200
Set up in 2006， Spotlite Dance Studio is offering full day， half day and evening dance camps to kids aged 2－18.We have fun， new themes each week.We will work on dancing techniques and play fun games， activities， and more.
STEM Builders
504 Autumn Springs Ct， Franklin， TN 37067， USA
Tel：（615）366-9196
Along with education， to be successful in life， reasonable thinking， problem solving and teamwork are necessary skills in today’s competitive society.STEM Builders provides a unique combination of science， technology， engineering， maths and fun.Both founders of the center beginning in 2016 have more than 15 years of IT experience.
Smile Doctors
152 Heritage Park， Murfreesboro， TN 37128， USA
Tel：（615）848-0011
Created in 2015， Smile Doctors provides excellence in orthodontic （牙齿矫正的） care resulting in beautiful， confident smiles and unforgettable experiences.Every interaction strengthens the idea that each person has value as a human being.We hope our positive interactions will motivate kids to improve themselves.
Tap Root Farm
905 Hickory Hills Dr， Franklin， TN 37067， USA
Tel：（615）594-3210
We have been “caretakers” of the farmland for over 50 e and join us in the joy of keeping our family farming！Activities of our Tap Root Farm Summer Farm Camp （24－29 June）include horseback riding and gardening （planting and harvesting vegetables， herbs and flowers）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纳什维尔的四个可以帮助孩子们发展他们的技能和创造力的课后辅导中心。
21.Where should you go to grow vegetables？（ ）
A.905 Hickory Hills Dr， Franklin， TN 37067， USA.
B.4075 Luke Ct， Murfreesboro， TN 37128， USA.
C.152 Heritage Park， Murfreesboro， TN 37128， USA.
D.504 Autumn Springs Ct， Franklin， TN 37067， USA.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据Tap Root Farm部分中最后一句可知，在Tap Root Farm你可以种菜，其位置为905 Hickory Hills Dr， Franklin， TN 37067， USA。
22.Which of the following won’t STEM Builders provide？（ ）
A.Teamwork. B.Problem solving.
C.IT experience. D.Reasonable thinking.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据STEM Builders部分中的Along with education ...competitive society.可知，在STEM Builders中提供合理思考、解决问题和团队合作的技能。
23.Which center has the longest history？（ ）
A.Smile Doctors. B.Tap Root Farm.
C.STEM Builders. D.Spotlite Dance Studio.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据四个辅导中心的介绍可知， Tap Root Farm的建立时间最早。
B
One beautiful day， I showed up for work， where I had just been promoted.I was right in the middle of training a new girl， when my boss asked to talk to me for a second.After that conversation， you can effectively cross “had a good job” off my comfortable living checklist.No warning.In fact， just the month before I had received my fifth Employee of the Month award.I was speechless and so was everyone else.Seven of us were cut from my department that day.Later， I would discover that there were thousands of cuts companywide.I worked at a bank.A failing one.
When something like this happens to you， it’s natural to ask why.I reviewed all my work accomplishments.I thought about how I had been a top performer every month since I had been hired and about how they gave me the highest rating of anyone on my review.What had I done wrong？ What could I have done better？
The truth is that sometimes we search for a logical explanation in a situation that can’t be understood.The only way to move past it is to have confidence in the job you did as an employee and understand that you are a victim of an unfortunate circumstance.
Speaking of writing， with all of the extra time on my hands， I reunited with the long lost love of my life： writing.
I decided to pursue writing as an actual job.I designed a website and applied for writing jobs.I started getting more and more clients.It occurred to me that with some hard work I might be able to make a living doing what I love.So there I was， three months after the sky fell， thinking about how incredibly blessed I was.And this would never have happened had I not lost something in the first place.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者工作表现很好，但是被老板炒了鱿鱼；面对命运的打击，她努力开辟了另一条出路。
24.What happened to the author according to Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.She was fired. B.She was criticized.
C.She got promotion. D.She received an award
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者不幸失去了工作。
25.What can we learn about the author？（ ）
A.Her performance was great. B.Her colleagues weren’t friendly.
C.She wasn’t treated fairly at work. D.She didn’t finish her tasks well enough.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者在公司里每个月都被评为优秀员工，并且获得最高的评分。由此可知，她的表现非常优秀。
26.How did the author feel about her situation in the end？（ ）
A.Worried. B.Satisfied.
C.Confused. D.Disappointed.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者最后从事了自己最喜欢的工作——写作，并且效益越来越好。作者甚至有点庆幸自己丢掉了之前的工作。
27.What would be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.Interest Will Help Us to Find a Way
B.Where There Is a Will， There Is a Way
C.Nothing Is Impossible to a Willing Heart
D.When One Door Closes， Another Opens
解析：D 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，作者一开始被老板炒鱿鱼，等于“一扇门被关闭”；然而，她又勇敢地开辟了一条新的发展道路，也就是“另一扇门被打开”。因此D项为文章最佳标题。
C
Most parents tell lies to their children as a way to change their behaviour， suggests a study of families in the United States and China.
The most frequent example was parents threatening to leave children alone in public unless they behaved.Persuasion ranged from asking the support of the tooth fairy to telling children they would go blind unless they ate particular vegetables.
Another example was：“That was beautiful piano playing.” The study， published in the International Journal of Psychology， examined the use of “instrumental lying” — and found that such lies were used by a great number of parents in both the United States and China.
The most commonly used lie — popular with both US and Chinese families — was parents pretending to a child that they were going to walk away and leave the child alone.“The popularity of this lie may relate to the challenge parents face in trying to leave a place against their child’s wishes，” say the researchers.
Another lie that was common in both countries was the false promise to buy a requested toy at some time in the future.
Researchers established different kinds of these untruths.There were “untrue statements related to misbehaviour”， which included：“If you don’t behave， I will call the police，” and “If you don’t quiet down and start behaving， the lady over there will be angry with you.”
There are some more surprising lies recorded.For example， “untrue statements related to leaving or staying” a parent was recorded as saying：“If you don’t follow me， a kidnapper （绑架者） will come to kidnap you.”
The researchers， headed by Gail D.Heymana， Anna S.Hsua， Genyue Fub and Kang Leeac， concluded that this raises “important moral questions for parents about when， if ever， parental lying is reasonable”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项在美国和中国进行的研究表明，大部分父母经常对孩子撒谎。很多父母对这些善意的谎言不以为然，而研究人员却对此提出质疑。
28.Which of the following is the most common lie used by parents？（ ）
A.I’ll buy you a toy. B.I’ll go home first.
C.The police will come. D.The bad guy will come.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二、四两段可知，父母最常用的谎言是“不管小孩先走了”。
29.What’s the parents’ purpose of using “instrumental lying”？（ ）
A.To criticize their children. B.To comfort their children.
C.To persuade their children. D.To encourage their children.
解析：D 写作意图题。根据第三段可知，instrumental lying是指父母违背事实夸奖孩子钢琴（或其他乐器）演奏得好。
30.The “kidnapper” lie is usually used by parents when a child .（ ）
A.asks for a present B.does something wrong
C.refuses to leave a place D.refuses to eat a vegetable
解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，当孩子不愿离开某地时，父母通常会威胁说有绑匪要来。
31.What is the researchers’ attitude towards parents’ lying？（ ）
A.Doubtful. B.Surprised. C.Favourable. D.Ambiguous.
解析：A 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，研究者们对于父母对孩子撒谎的做法提出质疑：什么时候撒谎变得合理了？由此判断，作者持怀疑态度。
D
If you ask most people whether they like having more choices， the answer will be yes.But when it comes to sales， a large selection can actually hurt your clients’ revenues.
Although people like choice， they become overwhelmed （不知所措） by it.Hick’s Law perfectly demonstrates this.It states that there is a measurable increase in how long it takes somebody to make a decision as the number of options that are available goes up.
That delay in decision making can prove damaging on an online shopping site because it tends to result in users giving up.They are paralyzed by the decision， and so， they decide to go away and think about it.That will significantly reduce the number of people who eventually make a purchase.
I know it can be hard to convince clients to limit the variety of products or complex options they offer on their sites， but there is some strong evidence to support your cause.
Researchers in California ran an experiment in a local grocery store.They set up a stall in the store selling jam.Some days the stall would sell six flavors of jams， while on other days it offered 24 varieties.The results were significant.On days where they sold 24 varieties， they saw a mere four percent conversion （转化） rate.However， when they offered only six choices， that figure rose to a surprising 31 percent.Limiting choice works.
That experiment perfectly demonstrates both the problem and the solution.Despite the evidence， you will not always be able to persuade clients to reduce choice.The next best option is to hide some of those choices.
Unlike a stall in a grocery store， we have more flexibility online regarding how products are displayed.We can highlight some options and hide others.For example， you could display the best-selling categories of products， while hiding other groupings under something like a “more” option.If you are unable to remove options， you can at least focus users on the most popular choices.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们都希望有更多的选择。可是，一项研究发现，商家如果给顾客提供太多的选择，反而会导致顾客购买意愿的下降。
32.What does Hick’s Law mainly tell us about more choices？（ ）
A.They increase product sales. B.They lead to better decisions.
C.They can better satisfy customers. D.They make decision-making harder.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，席克定律发现，随着选择的增加，顾客要作出决策会变得更难。
33.What does the underlined word “paralyzed” in Paragraph 3 mean？（ ）
A.Attracted. B.Prevented.
C.Controlled. D.Encouraged.
解析：B 词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，太多的选择让顾客很难作出决定，最终甚至会放弃购买。
34.What can we learn from the experiment in California？（ ）
A.More varieties attract more customers.
B.Fewer varieties attract more customers.
C.More varieties create higher conversion rate.
D.Fewer varieties create higher conversion rate.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，更多的选择导致更低的潜在顾客转化率，反之，更少的选择带来更高的潜在顾客转化率。
35.What is the author’s advice in the last paragraph？（ ）
A.Improve product quality. B.Increase product varieties.
C.Avoid displaying all products. D.Hide the best-selling products.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者提出的建议是：商家应该隐藏一些不重要的选择（商品），重点凸显一些关键性的选择（最受欢迎的商品）。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How do you discover your real purpose in life？ I’m not talking about your job， your daily responsibilities， or even your long-term goals. 36.（ ）
Perhaps you’re a rather nihilistic （虚无主义的） person who doesn’t believe you have a purpose and that life has no meaning. 37.（ ） Not believing that you have a purpose won’t prevent you from discovering it， just as a lack of belief in gravity won’t prevent you from tripping.
38.（ ） A master martial artist asked Bruce to teach him everything Bruce knew about martial arts. Bruce held up two cups， both filled with liquid. “The first cup，” said Bruce， “represents all of your knowledge about martial arts. The second cup represents all of my knowledge about martial arts. If you want to fill your cup with my knowledge， you must first empty your cup of your knowledge.”
If you want to discover your true purpose in life， you must first empty your mind of all the false purposes you’ve been taught.
39.（ ） While there are many ways to do this， some of them fairly involved， here is one of the simplest that anyone can do. The more open you are to this process， and the more you expect it to work， the faster it will work for you.
Here’s what to do：
·Take out a blank sheet of paper or open up a word processor where you can type.
·Write at the top， “What is my true purpose in life？”
·Write an answer that pops into your head. 40.（ ） A short phrase is fine.
·Repeat step 3 until you write the answer that makes you cry.This is your purpose.
A.It doesn’t matter.
B.Here’s a story about Bruce Lee.
C.So how to discover your purpose in life？
D.It doesn’t have to be a complete sentence.
E.I mean the real reason why you live in this world.
F.Many people live a meaningless life without a purpose.
G.If you don’t have a purpose， then you should try to find one.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们生活的目的是什么、生命的意义是什么？作者对此进行了反思并告诉我们如何找到生活的目的。
36.E 上文指出：所谓生活的目的，并非每日的工作、职责甚至长期目标这么简单，所以下面应该进一步揭示作者所理解的生活的目的（我们为何生存在这个世界），因此E项符合语境。
37.A 上文指出：有些人并不相信所谓生活的目的和生命的意义之类，下文接着说：这并不影响你发现生命的意义。因此A项符合语境。
38.B 根据下文可知，本段讲述了关于Bruce Lee的一个小故事，因此B项符合语境。
39.C 根据上下文可知，这里在探讨如何找到生活的目的，因此C项符合语境。
40.D 上文作者要求我们写出一个进入脑海的答案，下文说哪怕一个简短的短语都行，因此D项符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Last year， my oldest son Matthew went to college.Things at home were not as “ 41 ” as they used to be.My wife soon had a crazy idea.“Let’s get a 42 ，” she told me.I wasn’t exactly thrilled with the idea， but 43 .I mean， what better way to 44 a kid that has gone to college than to get a dog？
Then we got to the animal shelter.While I walked along the rows and rows of cages， a dog 45 my eye.He was scared， and looked like he’d 46 on life.
I 47 his cage， and he just sat there， looking at me.I stuck my 48 through the hole in the cage and petted him on the head.I expected him to get 49 ， but he didn’t.
I knew that this dog had never felt love before， and he was 50 every bit of the love I could give him in that 51 .
Tears began to stream down my face because I felt everything that this 52 creature was feeling right then.He just wanted to be 53 ； he just wanted a home and a family.
It’s been a year since we took the dog home， and our 54 has been changed forever.Now， he is always there to 55 us when we come home.He’s shown us more love than any other living creature on the earth ever had before.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。儿子考上大学之后，作者和妻子收养了一只宠物狗来弥补生活的空白。没想到这只狗彻底改变了他们的生活。
41.A.busy B.boring
C.usual D.normal
解析：A 儿子去上大学之后，作者的生活应该没有以前繁忙。
42.A.dog B.kid
C.partner D.friend
解析：A 根据下文可知，作者和妻子收养了一只宠物狗。
43.A.refused B.agreed
C.replied D.doubted
解析：B 作者听了妻子的建议后，虽然没有表示出很激动，但还是同意了。
44.A.raise B.teach
C.replace D.find
解析：C 作者认为，没有什么比收养一只宠物狗来代替儿子更好的了。
45.A.struck B.impressed
C.caught D.reminded
解析：C catch sb’s eye相当于attract sb’s attention，是一个固定短语，意为“吸引某人的注意”。
46.A.given up B.turned off
C.taken over D.set down
解析：A 作者这里是拟人的说法，说这只狗看起来似乎放弃了生活的希望。
47.A.bought B.discovered
C.approached D.recognised
解析：C 根据下文可知，作者这里应该是走近了狗笼子。
48.A.head B.foot
C.body D.finger
解析：D 根据下文through the hole in the cage and petted him on the head可知，作者应该是将手指伸进笼子。
49.A.mad B.excited
C.sad D.moved
解析：A 按照常理判断，陌生人将手伸进笼子后狗应该会发怒。
50.A.getting B.enjoying
C.receiving D.expecting
解析：B 由于这只狗以前从来没有感受到爱，所以它此刻尽情享受作者的抚摸和爱。
51.A.stage B.period
C.occasion D.moment
解析：D 作者这里在描述那一刻的情景。
52.A.lively B.poor
C.naughty D.annoying
解析：B 根据上下文可知，这只狗缺乏关爱，无家可归，因此它是很可怜的。
53.A.seen B.heard
C.loved D.touched
解析：C 根据上文this dog had never felt love before可知，它最需要被关爱。
54.A.life B.idea
C.relation D.future
解析：A 自从作者和妻子收养这只狗以后，他们的生活被彻底改变。
55.A.thank B.meet
C.admire D.greet
解析：D 在作者和妻子每天下班回家时，这只狗都会等着迎接他们并跟他们打招呼。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Look on the sunny side of life.” “Turn your face towards the sun， and the shadows will fall behind you.” “Every day may not be good， 56. there is something good in every day.”
Researchers are finding that 57. （thought） like these can do far more than raise one’s spirits.They may actually improve health and extend life.
There is no longer any doubt that 58. happens in the brain influences what happens in the body.When 59. （face） a health crisis， we should actively cultivate positive emotions to boost the immune system and deal with depression.Studies have shown a link between having a positive outlook and health benefits like lower blood pressure， less heart disease， better weight control and 60. （healthy） blood sugar levels.
Even when we’re faced with an incurable illness， positive feelings and thoughts can 61. （great） improve our quality of life.Dr Wendy Schlessel Harpham， an author of several books for people facing cancer 62. （learn） she had a cancer 27 years ago.During the next 15 years of treatments， she set the stage for 63. （happy） and hope by such measures as surrounding herself 64. people who lift her spirits， keeping a daily gratitude journal， doing something good for someone else， and watching funny， uplifting movies.Her cancer 65. （be） in remission （缓解） now for 12 years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们积极心态的重要性。
56.but 根据语境可知，上下句存在转折关系，故填but。
57.thoughts thought为可数名词且这里表达复数概念，故填thoughts。
58.what 根据语境可知，influences为谓语动词，因此前面需要一个主语或主语从句。这里what引导一个主语从句，并在该从句中作主语。
59.facing 本句主语为we，“面对”是一个主动发出的动作，因此应用动词-ing形式，这里的When facing相当于When we are facing。
60.healthier 前面的lower、 less和better暗示后面应用形容词的比较级。
61.greatly 这里应用一个副词来修饰动词improve，故填greatly。
62.learned/learnt 根据下文可知，这里是在叙述过去发生的事，因此应用一般过去时。
63.happiness 介词for后面需要接名词，故填happiness。
64.with surround ...with ...是固定搭配，表示“以……包围……”，故填with。
65.has been 根据后面的时间状语for 12 years可知，这里应用现在完成时。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校将举办主题为The Power of Sharing的英文演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛，内容包括：
1.分享的好处；
2.动员大家分享。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Good afternoon， everyone！
My topic today is The Power of Sharing.I’d like to share with you the benefits of sharing.
Thank you for your listening！
参考范文：
Good afternoon， everyone！
My topic today is The Power of Sharing.I’d like to share with you the benefits of sharing.
To begin with， sharing will make you happy.As the saying goes，“Sharing is caring.” When you are sharing， whether it’s a material object or abstract knowledge， it means that you are caring for others.This will give you a sense of satisfaction and achievement.In addition， sharing does have magic power.It’s absolutely true that when you share your joy， it will be doubled， and when you share your sorrow， it will be reduced by half.
Just share whatever you have！ You will make your own days as well as others’ days better by sharing.
Thank you for your listening！
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve， seventy-three-year-old George selected his food carefully.Skim milk was 2.99， white bread， 89 cents with a 10-cent discount.Leaving the cashier， he calculated that he had saved 80 cents today.
At the exit， the wind reminded him of his gloves.“Where are they？” Not in the coat pockets.Not in the grocery bag either.He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store.He clearly remembered putting them into the pocket of his coat.George made a second thorough search of all his pockets， again including the grocery bag.Now he was sure they must have been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black leather gloves at a 25% discount， for just 35.00， ten years ago.They were soft and warm and very durable.He had taken care not to let a drop of water or rain touch his expensive gloves， so they looked like new.Losing this favourite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
George， calm on the outside but nervous inside，reentered the store.He followed the same route he had walked before， starting at the bread counter， to the milk section， the corner where salt and sugar were placed， then the rest of the store.Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain.He asked the customers whether they saw a pair of black leather gloves， but they said no.Then he went over to the cashier without hesitation to ask if she had received any lost gloves， but only received the same answer.His heart grew heavier.
“Society has changed， people have changed，” he murmured to himself.“Years ago， if somebody picked up something lost， they would give it back.Now a good action is lost.”
Yet he did not give up hope.He started to stare at anybody wearing black gloves to see if they looked like his.The first two persons he saw did wear gloves， but one was women’s and the other not black.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves.
During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.
参考范文：
Suddenly， he found a man looking like a lawyer， wearing black leather gloves.Abrupt as it might seem， George came up without hesitation and asked if they were his， but there came a disappointing answer.On second thought， he realised nobody would be so foolish as to wear them right inside the store.He had no other choices but to ask the cashier to keep them in case the lost gloves were found.Then he dragged his legs towards the exit.
During the whole holiday， he was always thinking whether to buy a new pair.After all， in deep winter， he could not do without gloves.Finally， poor George decided to buy another pair of leather gloves.With the last ray of hope， he stepped into the store again.No sooner had he opened the door than the cashier told him there was indeed one such pair as he lost.After examining them carefully， he was wild with joy， expressing sincere gratitude and saying to himself that a good action was never lost.
14 / 15单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
一、核心单词
1. parcel n. 包裹
vt. 裹好；打包
2. jam n. 果酱；堵塞
3. mail n. 邮件；信件；邮政
vt. 邮寄；发电邮给
4. weed n. 杂草；野草
vt.& vi. 除杂草
5. chorus n. 合唱曲；合唱团
vt. 合唱；齐声说
6. cotton n. 棉布；棉花
7. uniform n. 校服；制服
adj. 一致的；统一的
8. shade vt. 给……遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗
n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
9. forehead n. 额；前额
10. housing n. 住房；住宅
11. platform n. 平台；站台；舞台
12. kettle n. （烧水用的）壶；水壶
13. pan n. 平底锅；烤盘
14. ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的
15. drag vt. 拖；拽
vt.& vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
16. privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权
17. plug vt. 封堵；补足
n. 堵塞物；插头；插座
18. deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受
19. input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入
vt. 输入
20. tune n. 曲调；曲子
vt. 调音；调节；调频道
21. contract vt. 感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约）
n. 合同；契约
22. criterion n. 标准；准则；原则
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1.I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find the contract .
2.He sent me a mail of congratulation，congratulating me on the good result I gained.
3.He was late for the important meeting，for he was caught in the traffic jam .
4.It is said that only members have the privilege to use it.
5.The proposal he put forward at the press conference deserves to be considered.
6.The weather forecast is not good， so we are taking two large parcels of warm clothes with us.
7.I applied for the job，and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus .
8.Nick finished what he was saying and jumped down from the platform .
9.Success in making money is not always a good criterion of success in life.
10.The trees provide shade for the animals in the summer.
11.Try not to walk on the flowerbeds while weeding .
12.You’ll need four ripe tomatoes， skinned and chopped.
13.He was still wearing his school uniform when he got home.
14.He groaned and slapped his forehead ， as if suddenly remembering something obvious.
15. Cotton is a plant which is grown in warm countries and which produces soft fibres used in making cotton cloth.
二、拓展词汇
1. secondary adj.中学的；次要的→secondly adv.第二；其次
2. dust n.沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
3. chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的
4. disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disable vt.使（某人）残废；使失去能力→disability n.缺陷；障碍
5. resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去→resignation n.辞职
6. lately adv.最近；不久前；近来→latest adj.最近的；最新的→later adj.后期的adv.后来；随后→late adj.迟的；晚的
7. consultation n.咨询；咨询会→consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n.顾问；咨询者
8. stability n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）→stable adj.稳定的；稳重的
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The room has been empty for a long time and all the furniture is dusty （dust）.
2.I have no cash on me.Can I pay you later （late）？
3.They provide financial and practical help for disabled （disable） students.
4.We will devote constant effort to promoting social harmony and stability （stable）.
5.David had prepared carefully for the chemistry （chemical） exam so that he could be sure of passing it at his first attempt.
三、重点短语
1. （be） dying to 极想；渴望
2. a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
3. not to mention 更不用说；且不说
4. adapt to 适应
5. the other day 不久前的一天
6. come across 偶然遇到
7. be relevant to ... 和……有关
8. to be honest 说实在的
9. in need of 需要
10. take （...） for granted 认为（……）是理所当然；对（……）不予重视
11. work on 从事；对……起作用
12. as well 也；又；还
13. make a big difference 意义重大；有很大影响
14. relay to 转达给……；转发给……
15. pray that 但愿
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1.Over the years， we all have learned to adapt to our new environment.
2.I visited the old house whose roof is covered with grass the other day .
3. To be honest ， I’m at a loss how to settle the problem.
4.I’m going to London and my sister’s going as well .
5.He has spent two years working on a book about childcare.
6.No doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.
7.When we read newspapers， we often come across such English words as “NBA” and “WTO”.
8.There was a time when many young people were dying to go abroad.
四、经典句式
1.It takes sb some time to do sth
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school （我几分钟就能走到学校） down a dusty track covered in weeds.
2.be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时（突然）……
The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when （我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，这时）， before I knew it， the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！
3.from where引导定语从句
Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there — first， up a mountain from where we had fantastic views （从那里我们看到了美妙的景色）， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
4.not only ...but （also） ...连接两个表示并列关系的成分
Now， not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital， but （有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且） people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. It takes time to master a new skill ， but with dedication and practice， you can achieve proficiency.
掌握一项新技能需要时间，但只要投入和练习，你就能熟练掌握它。
2.John was studying in his room when he heard someone screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时突然听到有人尖叫。
3.China is the birthplace of kites， from where kiteflying spread to Japan， Korea， Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的故乡，放风筝从那里传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。
4. Not only does the new smartphone have cutting-edge technology， but it also offers enhanced security features.
这款新智能手机不仅拥有尖端技术，而且还提供了增强的安全功能。
4 / 4Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
复习短语
①I just got a parcel from home！
②So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now.
③I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching.
④To be honest， I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
⑤Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village ...
⑥Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there ...
⑦When we arrived at the village， Tombe’s mother， Kiak， saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”.
⑧The only possessions I could see were one broom， a few saucers， a kettle， cups， pans， and a couple of jars.
⑨We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.
【我的发现】
1.上面句子中加蓝部分为名词短语的是句 ①⑧ 。
2.上面句子中加蓝部分为动词短语的是句 ④⑤⑦ 。
3.上面句子中加蓝部分为形容词短语的是句 ③ 。
4.上面句子中加蓝部分为介词短语的是句 ②⑥⑨ 。
一、基本概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似，比如，名词短语与名词功能相似，在句中主要作主语、宾语；介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。
He failed to get the first prize in the match.
他没能在比赛中获得一等奖。（failed to get是动词短语，the first prize是名词短语，in the match是介词短语）
二、短语分类
1.动词短语
（1）连系动词（be/feel/look ...）＋形容词/过去分词＋介词
be open to 对……开放
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be glad to meet you 见到你很高兴
be used to smoking 习惯于吸烟
（2）动词＋动词-ing形式/to do/普通名词
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
finish doing sth 做完某事
want to leave 想要离开
plan to do sth 计划做某事
drink wine 喝酒
walk the dog 遛狗
（3）动词＋介词
act as 担任
act for 代理
apply to 应用于，适合于；向……申请
apply for 申请；要求
belong to 属于
belong in 住在；应归入……
belong with 应归于（类别、范畴等）
call on 号召，请求；拜访（on后接人）
call at 探访（at后接地方）
（4）动词＋副词
put up 举起，张贴
put on 穿上
put down 放下
put away 放好，收拾好
give up 放弃，戒掉
give away 捐出；放出
give back 归还
（5）动词＋副词＋介词
look forward to 盼望，期望
look down upon/on 轻视，看不起
（6）动词＋宾语＋介词
spend ...on ... 把……花在……上
pay ...for ... 花……买……
pay attention to 重视，注意
make contributions to 为……作贡献
devote oneself to 投身于……
【即时演练1】 完成句子
①Once he made up his mind ，nothing could be done to change his mind .
一旦他下定决心，任何事也不能改变他的想法。
②Meanwhile， his parents were concerned about his life and safety.
与此同时，他的父母担心他的生命和安全。
③Not until he went through real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important.
直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱是重要的。
④We should make use of every opportunity to practise English so that we can eventually have a good command of it.
我们应该利用一切机会练习英语，以便最终能把它掌握好。
2.介词短语（介词＋宾语）
介词短语与短语介词不同。介词短语是由介词加宾语构成，本身可作句子成分，如定语或状语等，可单独使用；而短语介词是用作介词的短语，不可独立使用，本身不能作句子成分，后面要跟名词、动词-ing形式或代词等。
【即时演练2】 完成句子
①Li Hua is fond of music， country music in particular .
李华喜欢音乐，尤其是乡村音乐。
② With the help of the cell phone， not only can we get in contact with others， but we can also deal with some problems.
在手机的帮助下，我们不仅可以与他人联系，还可以处理一些问题。
③We all know success doesn’t happen by chance.Only through hard work can we manage to achieve our dreams.
我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的。只有通过努力，我们才能实现我们的梦想。
④ Thanks to our joint efforts， our environment is becoming better and better.
由于我们的共同努力，我们的环境变得越来越好。
3.名词短语
名词短语是名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。
These red roses are for you.（作主语）
这些红玫瑰是送给你的。
I have three close friends.（作宾语）
我有三个亲密的朋友。
He is my best friend.（作表语）
他是我最好的朋友。
There are some red roses on that small table.（some red roses作主语， that small table作介词on的宾语）
那张小桌上有一些红玫瑰。
【即时演练3】 完成句子
①Fortunately， a great number of measures have been taken to ensure people’s lives and safety right away.
幸运的是，已经立刻采取了很多措施来确保人们的生命和安全。
②（2023·全国甲卷） Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged，Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.
在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。
4.形容词、副词短语
too （short/young/tired ...） to ...太（矮/小/累……）而不能……
（old/tall/strong ...） enough to ... 已足够（大/高/强壮……）而能够……
as soon as possible 尽快地
as well 也
as big as 和……一样大
not as/so old as 不如……老
less than 不到
much better than 比……好得多
more beautiful than 比……更漂亮
shorter and shorter 越来越短
the more， the better 越多越好
more and more careful 越来越小心
over and over again 一遍又一遍地
【即时演练4】 完成句子
①My friend Li Hua took part in the match as well .
我的朋友李华也参加了比赛。
②My grandpa got down to protecting cultural relics at less than 20.
我爷爷不到20岁时就开始从事文物保护工作。
③In other words，repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it.
换句话说，一遍又一遍地重复一个游戏可以教会你如何玩这个游戏并变得更擅长它。
deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
【教材原句】 “...I think everyone deserves the right to be happy，” she said.
她说：“……我认为每个人都应有幸福的权利。”
【用法】
deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve to be done＝deserve doing ……值得被做 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 deserve sth 值得……
【佳句】 Seeing that my parents were occupied with their work and looked exhausted， I felt that they deserved a good rest. （人物描写）
看到我的父母忙于工作，非常疲倦，我觉得他们应该好好休息一下。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He deserves to win （win） the game because he has been well prepared for it.
②You are a good human being and you deserve to be treated/treating （treat） as such.
【写美】 完成句子
③Actually， there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us， and they well deserve our respect .
其实，我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人，他们很值得我们尊敬。
维度一：单句语法填空
1.The two brothers both went against their father’s will， which made him very upset.
2.As a result， many accidents had taken place by the time a law was worked out.
3.When evening falls，many students crowd in the library and read relevant books in connection with their courses.
4.They certainly deserved to win （win） that diving competition.
5.There were calls for her resignation （resign） from the board of directors.
维度二：语法与写作
1.政府向失业者分发食品。（介词短语作后置定语）
The government gave out food to people out of work.
2.因为大雨，飞机没有准时起飞。（名词短语作宾语）
The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
3.这个男孩应受惩罚，因为他偷了店里的平板电脑。（动词短语作谓语）
The boy deserved punishment for stealing/having stolen the tablet of the shop.
4.如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。（介词短语作状语）
If this bill is not paid within five days， your gas supply will be cut off.
5.当人们不明白他想说什么时，他会感到沮丧。
He gets/becomes very frustrated when people don’t understand what he’s trying to say.
维度三：语法与语篇
根据提示翻译下面语段。
上周日，我们的志愿者俱乐部（NP）去了敬老院。一到那里，我们就开始打扫卫生（VP），然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂的笑容（PrepP），老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累，但是我们感到很开心（AdjP）。最重要的是（AdvP），我们能够为他人做一些有益的事情。
Last Sunday，our volunteer club went to the home for the aged.On arriving there， we got down to doing some cleaning， after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces， they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were， we felt very happy.Most importantly， we could do something beneficial to others.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·兰州高二下质检）Have you ever felt that your life might be jammed on fast forward， accelerating away from you into the distance？ It’s not your imagination： we are surrounded by daily indications that the pace of life is picking up， from how quickly we think the day is passing， to the length of shots in Hollywood movies， to our ever-decreasing patience for standing around in queues.
Nowhere is this more common than in the office， where life can feel like an endless procession of emails and meetings.According to research by Jonathan B Spira， CEO of Basex， two thirds of workers felt that they didn’t have enough time to get everything done — and 94% have at some point felt “overwhelmed by information”.
When we think about stress at work， we make an association with “distress （痛苦）”， i.e.the kind of stress that causes us suffering.But we often overlook the “eustress” — the kind of positive， pleasant feeling that comes from tackling and mastering a difficult task.There must be something in the idea of eustress — most surveys of job satisfaction in Europe and the US suggest that most people don’t hate their jobs.
Even as it has increased the time pressure on us， an accelerated world has also changed the nature of our daily work — potentially making it more creative and rewarding.Yes， automation （自动化） has destroyed jobs （as well as created new ones）.But automation has also taken away many tasks that were dull， routine or dangerous.
And as the digital revolution rolls on， helping to speed many tasks up， the jobs that are left， or newly created， are those that involve applying creativity to problems， or managing the processes that computers are carrying out.
There’s nothing that we like more than complaining about the pace of life.To be sure， an accelerated lifestyle has its stresses.But they are often fixable — for example by turning off email notifications.And if given the chance to give up the technology that enables this quickening pace， most of us wouldn’t go back.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。我们经常抱怨越来越多的压力和越来越快的生活节奏，可是，压力和快节奏也有其好处。
1.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph？（ ）
A.We become less patient.
B.We live under great pressure.
C.Our lives are becoming quicker.
D.Our lives are filled with information.
解析：C 段落大意题。根据第一段可知，本段主要说明我们的生活节奏日益加快。
2.What do we often ignore according to the text？（ ）
A.The harm of stress.
B.The benefits of stress.
C.Our love of our jobs.
D.Our hate for our jobs.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者认为，我们通常只是看到压力之“弊”，却忽视了压力之“利”。
3.What does the author think of automation？（ ）
A.It has done us great good.
B.It has taken away our jobs.
C.It has replaced human beings.
D.It has presented a threat to us.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，作者认为，虽然自动化剥夺了一些工作，但它同时创造了一些新工作，而且还代替我们做一些枯燥和危险的工作。
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards a hurried lifestyle？（ ）
A.Critical. B.Worried.
C.Confused. D.Favourable.
解析：D 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，虽然我们都抱怨现在快节奏的生活，但是没有人愿意再回到过去。由此判断，作者对快节奏的生活方式持赞成的态度。
B
（2024·济宁高二下月考）Parents from Shanghai to Chicago are proudly putting pictures of their children on social media.
It might be taken for granted — but no previous generation of children will have had the experience of having their entire childhoods intensively and publicly documented in this way.
In the UK， the average parent with a social media account has posted 1，498 photos of their child online by their fifth birthday， according to a survey by domain name company， Nominet.
This might be a global phenomenon for proud parents — but what about the children， who will have been too young to have any choice in the matter.
But the very first people to have had some of their childhood pictures posted online are now reaching adulthood. And they are not always happy about their formative years （形成期） being preserved online.
“When I was 12 or 13， I started realising there were things （on Facebook） that I thought were a bit embarrassing，” said 16-year-old Lucy， from Newcastle， whose dad has been posting pictures of her on the social networking site since she was seven.
“I asked him to take them down and he was happy to， but he didn’t quite understand why. If I had been asked （at the time）， do you want these photos out there for all to see， I would’ve probably said no.”
Even those who were pleased to be on social media as children are less sure about it now. Dana Hurley， 20， from east London， said that as an 11-year-old she was happy for her parents to post photos of her on Facebook.
“At the time it was exciting ...I liked attention. Now it’s kind of weird （古怪的） because you look back and think， this was for everyone to see，” she said.
Parents may not realise it， but by posting photos and videos of their children online， they are creating an identity for their children that might not be welcomed， according to psychologist Dr Arthur Cassidy.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。很多父母都喜欢在社交媒体上晒自己孩子的照片，可是，这些父母是否考虑过孩子们长大后的想法和感受呢？
5.What’s the parents’ attitude towards putting their children’s pictures online？（ ）
A.They feel proud.
B.They feel regret.
C.They think it embarrassing.
D.They think it inappropriate.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，父母们对于在社交媒体上晒自己孩子照片的做法感到自豪并认为这理所当然。
6.According to Nominet， how many pictures of a child are posted online every year？（ ）
A.About 250. B.About 300.
C.About 350. D.About 400.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Nominet的调查显示，小孩到5岁生日时，父母平均晒其照片1，498张，因此平均每年晒大约300张。
7.How did Lucy feel about her photos being posted online？（ ）
A.Pleased. B.Curious.
C.Confused. D.Uncomfortable.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第六、七段可知，Lucy感觉自己的照片在网上被晒有点尴尬。
8.What can we learn about Dana Hurley？（ ）
A.She always liked to get attention.
B.She felt satisfied with what her parents did.
C.She couldn’t understand her parents’ behaviour.
D.She changed her mind about posting photos online.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Dana Hurley小时候喜欢自己的照片被晒，可是现在她感觉这样做很古怪。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Happiness — you know it when you see it， but it’s hard to define.You might call it a sense of wellbeing， of optimism or of meaningfulness in life.9.（ ） We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics （遗传学） may play a big role in our normal level of subjective well-being， so some of us may start out at a disadvantage.
10.（ ） “For physical health， it’s not so much happiness itself， but this ability to regulate （调节） and have a sense of purpose and meaning，” said Laura Kubzansky， professor of social and behavioural sciences at Harvard School of Public Health.
11.（ ） A 2012 review of more than 200 studies found positive psychological qualities， such as happiness， optimism and life satisfaction can lead to a lowered risk of cardiovascular （心血管的） disease.
It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”，of course.If you have a good sense of wellbeing， it’s easier to maintain good habits：Exercising， eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep， researchers said.12.（ ）
You might be thinking：“Maybe I would be happier if I had more money.” There’s that old cliché “money doesn’t buy happiness” — but is it true？ A 2010 study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that emotional wellbeing rises with income up to a point， which seems to be a household income of 75，000.13.（ ） “More money does not necessarily buy more happiness， but less money is associated with emotional pain，” Kahneman and Deaton wrote.
A.Nothing is better than health.
B.It’s true that everyone is after happiness.
C.But whatever happiness is， we know that we want it.
D.Day-to-day happiness did not increase with higher incomes.
E.Managing emotional ups and downs is important for both body and mind.
F.Many studies have found a link between psychological and physical wellbeing.
G.People who have an optimistic mindset may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviours.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了何为幸福以及我们怎样才能获得幸福这一话题。
9.C 上句在讨论对“幸福”的定义，本句接着说“无论你怎么定义幸福，我们都渴望得到它”。因此C项符合语境。
10.E 下句提到的this ability to regulate正是指E项所说的“管理情绪起落的能力”。
11.F 下文告诉我们：一些研究表明，积极的心理品质会降低患心血管疾病的风险，因此F项（许多研究发现了心理和身体健康之间的联系）符合语境。
12.G 上文提到幸福感强的人往往会有良好的生活习惯，G项进一步说明：心态乐观的人更热爱参加健康的活动。
13.D 上句提到人们的幸福感会随着收入的增长而增强，本句接着告诉我们：当年收入超过75，000美元后，幸福感则不会进一步增加。因此D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I’m a mixed-race Chinese-Canadian， but grew up in a white and Chinese neighbourhood in France. 14 ， I never felt I particularly belonged to either. I was always in between. 15 to speak Chinese， I didn’t always feel 16 with the Chinese kids.
Through 17 ， however， I could create a sense of 18 . While growing up， I ate and watched the Chinese food my grandmother and father cooked. Food became how I 19 to what it meant to be Chinese.
Now I operate a frozen handmade dumpling company in England. Every week I 20 thousands of dumplings， freeze them and 21 come to pick them up. It’s nothing new or 22 . I’m only a businessman with an iPhone and a website， but I 23 what I am doing with food and the 24 food can communicate.
In my business， I research the cooking styles of China to create delicious dumplings. Studying the cooking traditions and 25 these understandings through my business has turned out to be my salvation （救赎） in self-worth and 26 . I don’t know what I would be if I couldn’t cook， eat， think， live and 27 these traditions.
Food is our heritage — its preparation， taste， appearance and the stories around each dish display what a culture 28 . Also through food people in the world can find commonality.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名华裔，作者感觉在哪个群体中都找不到自己的归属；但是通过传承中国的饮食——水饺，却获得了一种归属感。
14.A.Besides B.However
C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile
解析：B 根据语境可知，虽然作者生长在既有中国人也有白人的社区，但是自己却没有特别感到自己属于哪个群体。前后句之间是转折关系。
15.A.Unable B.Pleased
C.Anxious D.Unprepared
解析：A 根据下文内容可知，作者不会说汉语，所以和中国孩子们在一起时总是无法融入其中，自我感觉被排斥。
16.A.ignored B.inspired
C.challenged D.included
解析：D 根据上下文语境可知，作者感觉不到自己真正属于哪个群体。
17.A.language B.study
C.food D.communication
解析：C 从下文多次出现的food和dumplings可知，作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感。
18.A.direction B.belonging
C.achievement D.responsibility
解析：B 参见上题解析。
19.A.connected B.turned
C.compared D.adapted
解析：A 作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感，也就是中国的食物成了他和中国的联系。
20.A.sell B.fold
C.boil D.deliver
解析：B 根据语境可知，作者包好水饺后，把水饺冷冻，然后等顾客来取走。
21.A.travelers B.cookers
C.customers D.salesmen
解析：C 前来购买作者水饺的应该统称为顾客。
22.A.traditional B.regular
C.special D.common
解析：C 根据下文内容可知，作者认为自己做的这些事不是什么新鲜事，也不是什么特别的事情。
23.A.keep to B.care about
C.depend on D.reflect on
解析：B 根据空前but表示的转折内容可知，虽然作者认为自己仅仅是个生意人，但是他在乎自己做的事情。care about意为“在乎；关心”。
24.A.levels B.messages
C.calories D.concepts
解析：B 作者喜欢食物本身所传递的信息。
25.A.changing B.deepening
C.creating D.displaying
解析：D 作者研究中国的饮食传统并且制作出更加美味的水饺。由此推断，他是在通过自己的生意来展现自己对中国饮食的理解。
26.A.attitude B.fate
C.intelligence D.identity
解析：D 根据上文可知，作者找不到归属，但是水饺却让他有了对中国饮食的认同，确定了自己的身份，从而获得了归属感。
27.A.share B.obey
C.search D.combine
解析：A 作者通过研究饮食文化并且通过自己的生意展现出自己对饮食文化的理解，由此可知，他是在分享这些饮食文化传统。
28.A.explores B.suggests
C.confirms D.values
解析：D 饮食文化表现了一种民族文化所珍视的东西。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The pursuit of happiness and health is a popular effort.New findings recently reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences point towards an answer commonly 29. （overlook）： meaning in life.
One key question addressed in this research is： what advantage might 30. （have） a strong sense of meaning in life afford a few years down the road？
31. the whole， individuals with a higher sense of meaning in life a few years earlier were later living lives characterised by health and wellbeing.
We know a few things about participants in the research 32. reported relatively higher meaning in life.For instance， they contacted their friends 33. （frequent）， belonged to social groups， engaged in volunteering， and maintained some healthy habits relating to sleep， diet and exercise.
Connecting socially with others 34. （be） important for both happiness and meaning， 35. doing so in a way that promotes meaning can happen at the cost of 36. （person） happiness， at least temporarily.
Given the long-term social， mental， and physical 37. （benefit） of having a sense of meaning in life， the recommendation here is clear.Rather than pursuing happiness as an end-state， ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning might be a 38. （good） route to living well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们这样一个事实：给人生赋予意义有助于我们获得幸福。
29.overlooked 这里表示该答案“被忽略”，应用过去分词作后置定语。
30.having 本句中 a strong sense of meaning in life作主语，因此应用动词-ing形式。
31.On on the whole是固定短语，意为“总的说来”。
32.who/that 本句中participants为先行词，应用关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句。
33.frequently 此处应用一个副词来修饰谓语动词contacted，故填frequently。
34.is 本句主语为动词-ing短语Connecting socially with others，视为单数，故填系动词is。
35.but 前后两个分句存在转折关系，故填并列连词but。
36.personal 本空后面是名词happiness，故填形容词personal。
37.benefits 这里benefit是可数名词，应用复数形式。
38.better 这里是将ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning与前面的pursuing happiness as an end-state进行对比，故填good的比较级better。
12 / 12UNIT 4 SHARING
A problem shared is a problem halved. A joy shared is a joy doubled. —Swedish proverb 当问题被分担，问题减半；当快乐被分享，快乐加倍。 ——瑞典谚语 Thousands of candles can be lit from a single candle， and the life of the candle will not be shortened. Happiness never decreases by being shared. —India proverb 一支蜡烛可以点燃成千上万支蜡烛，而它的寿命不会缩短。快乐决不会因为分享而减少。 ——印度谚语
Your abundance is not measured by what you have； it is created by what you share. —Heidi Culbertson 你的富足不是由你拥有什么来衡量的，而是由你分享什么来创造的。 ——海蒂·卡伯特森 Help others without any reason and give without the expectation of receiving anything in return. —Roy T.Bennett 帮助别人时不需要任何理由，给予他人时不期望得到任何回报。 ——罗伊·T·贝内特
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