Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part Ⅰ Discuss what best represents a place
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
1.talk about 谈论
2.start with 从……开始
3.your pick 你的选择
4.the Bay of Islands 群岛湾
5.boat cruises 乘船航行
6.hiking tours 徒步旅游
7.explore the small towns 探索小城镇
8.their rich history 它们的丰富历史
9.water activities 水上活动
10.a popular tourist destination一个热门旅游目的地
11.plenty of great wildlife很多很棒的野生动物
12.along the beaches 沿着海滩
13.the geothermal parks 地热公园
14.hot springs 温泉
15.geysers 间歇泉
16.bubbling mud 泡沫泥浆
17.sulphuric pools 硫磺池
18.one of the most amazing places最神奇的地方之一
19.be truly unique to New Zealand是新西兰独有的
20.choose a particular place 选择一个特定的地方
21.a flock of sheep 一群羊
22.not necessarily a place 不一定是一个地方
23.go bungee jumping 去蹦极
24.experience its culture 体验它的文化
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1.Where will the speakers visit castles？（ ）
A.In Bulgaria. B.In Hungary. C.In Greece.
2.What would the woman like to add to the trip？（ ）
A.Visiting rose fields.
B.Eating fish from the Black Sea.
C.Spending time on an island.
听第2段材料，回答第3至5题。
3.What was the woman’s final destination？（ ）
A.Zurich. B.Munich. C.Lisbon.
4.What does the man think of the woman’s plane tickets？（ ）
A.She booked too late.
B.She booked too early.
C.She booked at the right moment.
5.Who did the woman spend time with at the end of the trip？（ ）
A.Her parents.
B.Her old relatives.
C.Her friends.
听第3段材料，回答第6至9题。
6.How do the passengers arrive in Middletown？ （ ）
A.By air. B.By train. C.By taxi.
7.What should the passengers do when they get off？ （ ）
A.Walk straight ahead.
B.Turn to the left to Terminal B.
C.Walk to their right to get their baggage.
8.Which place will the baggage arrive？ （ ）
A.At Carousel B.
B.At the blue area.
C.Near the green sign.
9.Where can the passengers find transportation to downtown？（ ）
A.At the departure gate.
B.Under the green sign.
C.At Carousel B.
答案：1－5 BACBA 6－9 ACAB
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：If we’re going to travel in Eastern Europe this summer， let’s be sure we go to Bulgaria.
M：Why Bulgaria？
W：Because it’s famous for rose products， especially rose soil.
M：Well， can’t we just buy the products online？ We’re already planning to visit Greek island and Hungarian castles.
W：So？ Let’s add Bulgarian rose fields to the list.I need to see them！ I must smell them！ I have already dreamed of being in the middle of a rose field.
M：Fine， honey.We’ll book a flight to the capital Sofia， and I’ll find out how to tour the rose fields.But if we go to that country， we need to spend some time at a beach holiday center in Varna on the Black Sea.The town is famous， and I want some of the special fish that’s only available during summer.
W：Sounds perfect to me！
（Text 2）
M：How was your trip back to your hometown？
W：Great， except for the flights.On the way there， I stopped in Munich and had to wait six hours for my flight.On the way back I stopped in Zurich and waited four hours.
M：That doesn’t make sense.It shouldn’t take that long to get to Lisbon from Beijing.
W：You’re right， but that is the cheapest flight I could get.I bought these tickets three months ago.
M：That’s too early！ My brother says you should always buy your ticket 40 to 50 days before your flight leaves.
W：That might work normally， but not around our National Day.If you book too late， your ticket will be much more expensive.
M：So what did you do while you were there？
W：First， I visited some of my old relatives in the small villages， and we exchanged gifts.Then I spent several days in the city with my friends.The last few days I returned home to stay with my mom and dad.
M：Sounds like fun.
（Text 3）
M：Ladies and gentlemen， let me be the first to welcome you to Middletown.I hope you’ve had a pleasant journey.If you are connecting to another flight， an attendant at the gate will give you the departure gate number for your next flight.If Middletown is your destination， we thank you for travelling with us.As you exit the plane， walk to your right towards the baggage claim area.Your baggage will be arriving on Carousel B in about 10 minutes.Be sure to have your baggage claim slip with you when you pick up your baggage.Airport transportation is available under the green sign as you depart the baggage claim area.There are buses there that will take you into the center of Middletown.Taxis are also available in the blue parking area.As we taxi to the gate， please stay in your seats until the captain has turned off the seat belt sign.
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
背上行囊去远方，去那个梦寐以求的目的地，来制订一个旅行计划吧！
阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。
W：So what are you going to do this summer？
M： 1
W：Great！
M：I’m going to be travelling around quite a lot and I’ll probably spend three weeks there.
W：So where are you going？
M：To start off， I’m going to fly to Rio and perhaps I’ll stay there for a few days.
W： 2
M：No， but I’ve always wanted to go to Rio. 3 And I’ll probably go up the Sugar Loaf Mountain.
W：And where are you going after that？
M：I’m going to fly to Santiago in Chile， where I’ve some friends.We’ll probably spend some time doing some sightseeing and then we’re going to lie on the beach for a few days in Valparaiso， which is on the coast， not far away from Santiago.Then I’m flying to Lima where I’m going to meet my girlfriend.
W： 4
M：Yes.We’ll probably go somewhere else.I don’t know where yet， but I’d like to spend a week in the jungle.Then we’ll probably fly home.
W： 5
A.Then you’ll have a good time together.
B.It’s quite a place of interest.
C.Do you know anyone there？
D.Well， have a nice time！
E.I’m going to visit South America.
答案：1－5 ECBAD
李萍和张玲是同学，也是好朋友，她们都喜欢旅游，正在谈论假期旅行的事情。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Li Ping：Hi，Zhang Ling！ The summer holiday is coming.What are you going to do this summer？
Zhang Ling：Hi，Li Ping！ 1. I plan to pay a visit to a place named Wuzhen （我打算去参观一个叫乌镇的地方）.
Li Ping：So will you go there alone？
Zhang Ling：No， my sister will go with me.2. She is fond of traditional places （她喜欢传统的地方）.
Li Ping：I hear that town is a popular tourist attraction.3. I suggest you book a hotel in advance （我建议你提前订宾馆）.
Zhang Ling：It’s a good idea！ 4. Thank you for reminding me （谢谢你提醒我）！
Li Ping：You’re welcome！
Zhang Ling：What about you？ Where are you going？
Li Ping：I’m going to Xizang， for 5. I’d like to see some lovely animals there （我想看看那里一些可爱的动物）.
Zhang Ling：Have a good time！
Li Ping：Thank you！
Part Ⅱ Describe an iconic animal
1.Which animal is a symbol of Australia？（ ）
A.The duck-billed platypus.
B.The kangaroo.
C.The koala.
D.The Tasmanian devil.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true？（ ）
A.In many places in Australia， it’s against the law to touch koalas.
B.Koalas are not only quite cute but also very sensitive creatures.
C.Koalas like to interact with humans.
D.People can hold a koala in certain licensed zoos.
3.What can we know about the Tasmanian devils from the passage？（ ）
A.They can easily be seen.
B.They can make very loud noise.
C.They can wake the dead.
D.They don’t eat dead animals.
4.What do we know about the duck-billed platypus？（ ）
A.It is a kind of bird.
B.It can’t dive under the water.
C.It uses its senses of sight or smell to find food.
D.It finds food by using electrical sensors in its bill.
答案：1－4 BCBD
Step 1 品教材课文
THE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA
Our topic today is “Creatures Unique to Australia”， with questions answered by wildlife expert， Dr Jim Smith.
Australia has lots of unique animals， but which animal is a symbol of the country？
[1]It has to be the kangaroo， as it has a wide distribution throughout the country. It’s a tough animal that has to survive in a difficult environment.Also， it cannot walk backwards， so it is always moving forwards.This expresses the strength and resolve of the Australians as individuals and as a nation.Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth.They then find their way into their mother’s pouch — a kind of pocket — to stay safe and warm.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary， protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old.After this phase， they go out to try their legs.After they learn to jump， they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent.Kangaroos may look cute， but encounters with them don’t always end so well.Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard， so please folks， if you see some kangaroos， remember they’re not for petting！
[1]这是一个复合句。句中as引导原因状语从句。
Koalas are cute， and we see so many pictures of people holding them.But in many places in Australia， it is against the law to even touch them.Can you clarify that？
[2]They are really quite cute， but the truth is， koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. They spend quite a lot of time eating， sleeping， and hanging onto tree trunks， so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress.Because of this， the government began to make laws against touching koalas， in the interest of animal protection， as well as public safety.So， if you see one in the wild， you shouldn’t approach it to pick it up or even touch it.If you want to hold a koala， you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
[2]这是一个由but连接的并列句。在第二个分句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词creatures。
So， we’ve talked about some cute animals.What about animals which aren’t so cute？
My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil.If you are out camping in Tasmania and come across one， the experience might scare you！ Tasmanian devils hunt at night， so you won’t usually see them， but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating.The noise they make could wake the dead.Frightening！ They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.They also have a terrible smell！ Their diet is mostly dead animals.Fortunately， despite their name， they are generally not violent towards people.
Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of， for example， the duck-billed platypus.Is that some kind of bird？
Not at all.While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird， it’s really a primitive mammal， with a unique biology.Its eggs hatch after about ten days， and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals.Its nose looks like a duck’s bill， and it has feet like a duck’s so it can dive under the water， but it’s covered in hair.Do you know what’s really strange about a platypus？ The platypus doesn’t use its senses of sight or smell to find food.It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！
Step 2 析写作手法
学语言：
整个语篇语言风格轻松活泼，即便是在回答问题的描述中也采取了互动性很强的语言结构或句式，不断调动读者的阅读兴趣，比如：“Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard， so please folks， if you see some kangaroos，remember they’re not for petting！” “So， if you see one in the wild， you shouldn’t ...” “Frightening！” “Do you know what’s really strange about a platypus？”等。这样的写作手法大大增加了语篇的趣味性，也更好地起到了科普小品文的作用，能够更好地激发读者的兴趣，更多地了解知识、亲近自然。
文章第一句中使用了with复合结构（with questions answered by wildlife expert）；在描述袋鼠时使用了定语从句（that has to survive in a difficult environment），过去分词作定语（protected environment）；在描述考拉时使用了动词-ing形式复合结构作宾语（people holding them）；在描述塔斯马尼亚恶魔时使用了which引导的定语从句（which aren’t so cute），过去分词短语作后置定语（called the Tasmanian devil）；在描述鸭嘴兽时使用了while引导的让步状语从句（While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird）等，这些高级句式和语法的运用使得文章精彩纷呈。
学结构：
本文是一篇问答式的专栏文章，以新媒体语篇形态呈现。
语篇以问题为线索，串联呈现了澳大利亚一些特有动物的有趣内容，甚至还有一些“冷知识”，带给读者较为新颖的阅读视角和体验。
本文的第一个问题是关于澳大利亚的象征——袋鼠。专家借此问题向读者详细介绍袋鼠。除了一些特征和习性方面的介绍，专家还诙谐地提醒袋鼠具有攻击性，需要小心。
本文的第二个问题引入了澳大利亚的另一标志性动物——考拉。专家从考拉的“性格”特点入手，分析了考拉为什么不能让人们随便触摸和拥抱的原因。
本文的第三个问题谈到了不一定那么讨人喜欢的动物代表——塔斯马尼亚恶魔。专家用风趣的语言告诉读者，这种外形欠佳的动物有着“只闻其声”的特点，而且体味也很难闻。尽管它被称为“恶魔”，但其实对人还算“温柔”。
本文的最后一个问题介绍了人们通常不太关注到的动物代表——鸭嘴兽。专家介绍了这种动物的“跨界”特征和一些特别的外貌特点。
【参考译文】
澳大利亚神奇的动物
我们今天的话题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，由野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答问题。
澳大利亚拥有众多独一无二的动物，但哪种动物才是这个国家的象征呢？
毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。袋鼠是一种强壮的动物，生存于恶劣的环境中。此外，它不会倒退行走，所以总是勇往直前。这表达了澳大利亚人作为个体和民族的力量与决心。袋鼠宝宝出生时只有两克重。然后，它们会钻进母亲的育儿袋——一种口袋——以保持安全和温暖。它们在这个临时性、受保护的环境中睡觉和吃奶，直到七八个月大。在这个阶段之后，它们会出去试试腿力。学会跳跃之后，它们与母亲相处的时间就会逐步减少，学会独立。袋鼠可能看起来十分可爱，但与它们邂逅的结局并不总是那么美好。袋鼠的踢打相当有力，所以大家要小心，如果你们看到袋鼠，要记住它们不是用来爱抚的！
考拉非常可爱，我们可以看到很多人抱着它们的照片。但是在澳大利亚的许多地方，即便碰一下它们都是违法的。你能说明一下这点吗？
考拉确实十分可爱，但事实是，考拉是非常敏感的动物，即便只是环境中的微小变化都会让它们惊慌失措。它们大部分时间都在吃东西、睡觉和挂在树干上，所以与人类互动会给它们带来极大的压力。因此，政府开始立法禁止触摸考拉，也是出于对保护动物和公共安全的考虑。所以，如果你在野外看到一只考拉，你不要靠近它去把它抱起来或即便是去触摸它。如果你想要抱一抱考拉，你必须去那些获得正式许可的动物园，在那里动物专家会确保为每场互动而选出的考拉状态良好，可以与人接触，而且只在有限的时间内，以有限的次数与人互动。
我们已经谈了一些可爱的动物，那么，不太可爱的动物呢？
我最喜欢的是一种被称为塔斯马尼亚恶魔的小动物。如果你在塔斯马尼亚野外露营时遇到一只，那经历可能会吓到你！塔斯马尼亚恶魔在夜间捕食，所以你通常不会看到它们，然而当它们打架或者吃东西时，你会听到它们震耳的嚎叫声。它们发出来的噪音能把死人叫醒。十分恐怖！它们个头跟小狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。它们身上还有一股难闻的气味！它们的食物主要是动物的尸体。幸运的是，尽管它们名为“恶魔”，但是它们基本上对人类没有攻击性。
澳大利亚还有一些许多人从未听说过的动物，例如鸭嘴兽。那是某种鸟吗？
完全不是。虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。它的蛋大约十天后孵化出来，然后新生鸭嘴兽像其他所有哺乳动物一样由母亲哺乳。它的鼻子看起来像鸭嘴，脚也跟鸭子的一样，所以它可以潜到水下，但它浑身都是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽真正奇怪的地方是什么吗？鸭嘴兽并非用视觉或嗅觉来觅食。它拥有一种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！
Step 3 背出彩佳句
第一段：简要介绍这种动物及其外表特征
1.This is a cute animal， which is loved by most kids.
这是一种可爱的动物，受到大多数孩子的喜爱。
2.The animal has a thin face with two big and bright eyes on it.这种动物有一张瘦瘦的脸，脸上有两个大而明亮的眼睛。
3.It is native to Africa and it spends most time in the forest.它产自非洲，大部分时间在森林里度过。
4.It feeds on grass and is friendly to people.
它是草食动物，对人类很友好。
第二段：针对现状，描述生存空间和生存方式
1.Many fields are being turned into desert， which makes the animals living there have no place to find food to eat.
许多田地正在变为沙漠，这使生活在那里的动物无处寻找食物。
2.Many animals are being killed so that some of them are in danger of dying out.
许多动物正在被杀害，以至于一些动物濒临灭绝。
3.It is due to human activities that many wild animals are losing their habitats.
正是由于人类活动，许多野生动物正在失去它们的栖息地。
第三段：呼吁人们采取措施保护动物
1.Let’s make joint efforts to protect the endangered animals！
让我们共同努力保护濒危动物吧！
2.It’s high time that we should live in harmony with nature.
到了我们应该与自然和谐相处的时候了。
3.Finally， we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
4.In the final analysis， to protect wild animals is to protect ourselves.
归根结底，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。
根据下列提示写一篇有关濒危动物金丝猴的短文。
1.栖息地：中国；
2.外貌：金黄色，有点灰；尾巴和身体一样长；
3.生活环境：海拔1，500－3，000米以上的森林；
4.生活习性：群居；吃水果、干果；在树上活动；
5.它们的数量减少了；呼吁人们保护金丝猴。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1.金丝猴受到中国政府的保护。（被动语态）
Golden monkeys are protected by the Chinese government.
2.雄性金丝猴大且壮。
The male golden monkeys are big and strong.
3.雌性金丝猴比较小。（比较级）
The female golden monkeys are much smaller.
4.金丝猴居住在海拔1，500米至3，000米以上的森林里。（定语从句）
Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1，500－3，000 meters above the sea level.
5.它们喜欢群居。（like doing）
They like living in family groups.
6.它们以水果、坚果、树叶等为食物。（feed）
They feed on fruits， nuts， tree leaves and so on.
7.但是现在它们的数量越来越少。（比较级）
But now their number is getting smaller and smaller.
8.我们的政府已经建立了一些自然保护区，让它们生活在受保护的环境中。（过去分词作定语）
Our government has built some nature reserves to make them live in a protected environment.
9.我们希望越来越多的人能认识到保护金丝猴的重要性。（the importance of）
We hope more and more people will understand the importance of protecting golden monkeys.
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
10.用恰当的并列连词合并句2和句3。
The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller.
11.用恰当的并列连词合并句5和句6。
They like living in family groups and they feed on fruits， nuts， tree leaves and so on.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
参考范文：
Golden monkeys live in China.They are protected by the Chinese government.
Their fur is golden and a bit grey and their tails are as long as their bodies.The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller.Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1，500－3，000 meters above the sea level.They like living in family groups and they feed on fruits， nuts， tree leaves and so on.But now their number is getting smaller and smaller.
Our government has built some nature reserves to make them live in a protected environment.We hope more and more people will understand the importance of protecting golden monkeys.
核心词汇集释
distribution n.分布；分配；分发
【教材原句】 It has to be the kangaroo， as it has a wide distribution throughout the country.
毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。
【用法】
distribute vt. 分发；分配；分布；分类 distribute sth to/among 把某物分配/分发给…… distribute ...into ... 把……分成……
【佳句】 It is known that the distribution of underground water is uneven， and that much of it lies at great depths.
大家知道，地下水的分布是不均匀的，而且它们大部分都存在于很深的地下。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Mom and I distributed warm clothes and hot food to a small crowd of people outside a local homeless shelter.
②The map shows the distribution （distribute） of this species across the world.
【写美】 完成句子
③I told those international students that tea is widely distributed all over the country .
我告诉那些国际学生，茶在全国各地广泛分布。
capacity n.能力；容量
【教材原句】 It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
它拥有一种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。
【用法】
have a capacity for sth/to do sth 有（做）某事的能力 within one’s capacity to do sth 有能力做某事 a capacity of ... 容纳……
【佳句】 She has an enormous capacity to think in an original way.她有很强的创新思维能力。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①With that in mind， do you have the capacity to do （do） the remaining items on the list in the near future？
【写美】 完成句子
②The theatre has a seating capacity of 2，000 audience .
那座剧院能容纳2，000名观众。
a handful of少数人（或物）；一把（的量）
【教材原句】 There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！
世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！
【用法】
常见的“a＋量词＋of”的短语 a flock of 一群（羊或鸟） a mouthful of 满嘴的 a bagful of 满满的一袋 a group of 一组；一群 a crowd of 一帮；一群
【佳句】 Tom grabbed up a handful of snow and shoved it into his sister’s collar， which made her angry.汤姆抓起一把雪塞进他妹妹的衣领里，这让她很生气。
【练透】 选用上面短语填空
① A bagful of gold coins appeared， and the greedy man exploded with laughter.
② A flock of sheep are walking on the grassland.
③The boy picked up a handful of stones and started throwing them at us.
【写美】 翻译句子
④满嘴食物时跟别人说话是不礼貌的。
It is bad manners to speak with a mouthful of food.
重点句型解构
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird， it’s really a primitive mammal， with a unique biology.
虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
【用法】
（1）while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，从句常置于句首，意为“虽然，尽管”。 （2）while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候，和……同时”。 （3）while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
【品悟】 While she had a busy schedule， she made it a priority to spend quality time with her family and friends. 虽然她的日程很忙，但她还是优先考虑与家人和朋友共度美好时光。
【写美】 完成句子
① While travelling can broaden your mind ， I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。
②Some students are in favour of staying up late to study， while others are against it .
一些学生赞成熬夜学习，而另一些人则反对。
情感描写之“紧张”
形容词/副词 nervous， uneasy， tense， anxious， nervously
名词/动词 tension， anxiety， tremble， shake， nervousness
固定 短语 ①one’s heart be in/flies into one’s mouth 心提到嗓子眼 ②a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张 ③with/have butterflies in one’s stomach 心里发慌 ④tremble with anxiety 焦虑不安 ⑤with one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆地 ⑥be full of anxiety 焦虑不安 ⑦with uneasiness不安地
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1.当我们站在后台的时候，我紧张极了。
When we were standing backstage， nervousness/tension came flooding over me .（表紧张的名词作主语）
2.当叫到我的名字时，我感觉心都提到了嗓子眼。
I could feel my heart in my mouth when my name was called.（夸张的修辞手法）
3.我往舞台上走的时候，感觉手心冒汗，心跳加速。
While I was walking onto the stage， I could feel my palms sweating， heartbeat racing .（身体语言）
4.挤满观众的大厅让我更加紧张起来。
The hall packed with audience made me even more nervous .（形容词作宾语补足语）
5.我的心狂跳，双腿发抖。我深吸一口气，心里七上八下。
My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled. With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply .（with复合结构）
6.我紧张地站在那里，喉咙发紧，想知道下一步该怎么办。
I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight ， wondering what to do next.（副词作状语＋身体语言）
7.我伸手去抓她的手，不料却发现她的手指冰冷，手在冒汗并颤抖着。
I reached to grab her hand， only to find her freezing fingers sweating and trembling .（身体语言）
第二步：过渡衔接连成篇
When we were standing backstage， nervousness/tension came flooding over me.I could feel my heart in my mouth when my name was called.While I was walking onto the stage， I could feel my palms sweating， heartbeat racing.However， the hall packed with audience made me even more nervous.My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled.With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply.I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight， wondering what to do next.Therefore， I reached to grab her hand， only to find her freezing fingers sweating and trembling.
维度一：品句填词
1.Like an arrow （箭）， he shot for the shoe and then picked it up， holding it with both hands as if holding the Queen’s crown.
2.They ran through the fields together， climbing over fences （篱笆） and splashing through the mud.
3.There is no doubt that it was the most exciting phase （时期） of his career.
4.It is said that his license was suspended for six months.
5.Our capacity for giving care， love， and attention is limited.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.With a driving license，I have the freedom to go （go） to where I like most.
2. Sponsored （sponsor） by our Students’ Union， the festival covers a wide variety of activities.
3.It does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence （violent） is shown on television.
4.The pine trees have been planted in a very wide distribution （distribute）.
5.The prisoner （prison） broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.
6.The chairwoman spent an hour or so selecting （select） a pair of suitable leather shoes.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. While I admit his good points ， I can also see his bad ones.（while）
尽管我承认他的长处，我也能看到他的不足。
2. With so much homework to do ， he won’t have time to go shopping.（with复合结构）
有那么多家庭作业要做，他没时间去购物。
3.It was a yard with a flock of ducks which lived on the farm.（flock）
这是一个院子，里面有一群生活在农场里的鸭子。
维度四：课文语法填空
Australia has lots of unique animals， among 1. which the kangaroo is a symbol of the country as it has a wide 2. distribution （distribute） throughout the country. Koalas which spend quite a lot of time eating， sleeping， and 3. hanging （hang） onto tree trunks are very cute but sensitive. So you shouldn’t approach them to pick them 4. up or even touch them unless in certain licensed zoos for only a limited time and on a limited 5. frequency （frequent） of occasions.
Tasmanian devils hunt at night. The noise they make could wake the dead. Their diet is mostly dead animals. They are generally not 6. violent （violence） towards people. Australia also has 7. a unique animal called the duck-billed platypus. Its eggs hatch after about ten days， and then the baby platypus 8. nurses （nurse） from its mother like all other mammals. It has a capacity 9. to find （find） food in the water by using electrical sensors in 10. its （it） bill. There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that！
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·山东六校高二下联考）I shall never forget Marion J.Douglas， who was a student in one of my adult-education classes.Here is his real story.
The first time he had lost his five-year-old daughter， a child he adored， he and his wife thought they couldn’t bear that first loss， but， as he said：“Ten months later， we had another little girl — and she died in five days.”
This double misfortunes was almost too much to bear.“I couldn’t take it，” this father told us.“I couldn’t sleep；I couldn’t eat；I couldn’t rest or relax.My nerves were completely shaken and my confidence gone.” At last he went to doctors； one recommended sleeping pills and another recommended a trip.He tried both， but neither remedy helped.He felt his world fell apart.The tension of grief — if you have ever been attacked by sorrow， you know what he meant.
“But luckily， I had one child left — a four-year-old son.He gave me the solution to my problem.One afternoon as I sat around feeling sorry for myself， he asked：‘Daddy， will you build a boat for me？’ I was in no mood to build a boat； in fact， I was in no mood to do anything.But my son is a persistent little fellow！ I had to give in.” Building that toy boat took about three hours.By the time it was finished， I realised that those three hours spent building that boat were the first hours of mental relaxation and peace that I had had in months！
“That discovery drove me out of despair and caused me to do a bit of thinking — the first real thinking I had done in months.I realised that it is difficult to worry while you are busy doing something that requires planning and thinking.”
No time for worry！ That is exactly what Winston Churchill said when he was working eighteen hours a day.When he was asked if he worried about his great responsibilities， he said：“I’m too busy.I have no time for worry.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述Marion J.Douglas在失去两个女儿后努力摆脱痛苦的故事，告诉我们一个道理：保持繁忙可以赶走痛苦和焦虑。
1.How did Marion J.Douglas’s feeling change according to Paragraph 2？ （ ）
A.excited→sad→hopeless
B.hopeless→excited→sad
C.sad→hopeless→excited
D.sad→excited→hopeless
解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Marion J.Douglas先失去了第一个女儿（sad），十个月后他又得到了一个女儿（excited），可是紧接着（五天后）第二个女儿又离开人世（hopeless）。
2.Which proved to be effective in improving Marion J.Douglas’s situation？（ ）
A.Going on a trip.
B.Going to doctors.
C.Building a toy boat.
D.Taking sleeping pills.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Marion J.Douglas为了摆脱痛苦，先后去看医生、吃安眠药和外出旅行，可是这些都无效；根据第五段可知，帮助儿子制作玩具船让他获得了内心的放松和宁静。
3.How did Marion J.Douglas react to his son’s request？（ ）
A.He refused it politely.
B.He refused it impatiently.
C.He accepted it unwillingly.
D.He accepted it with pleasure.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，当儿子提出制作小船的要求后，Marion J.Douglas极不情愿地答应了。
4.What was Marion J.Douglas’s secret of dealing with his problem？（ ）
A.Playing with his son.
B.Focusing on some work.
C.Taking exercise regularly.
D.Increasing his social contact.
解析：B 主旨大意题。最后一段中两次提到的no time for worry是对全文主题的概括，也是Marion J.Douglas摆脱痛苦和焦虑的关键所在，即专注于一些工作。
B
（2024·太原高二下质检）While human population has doubled since 1970， the number of wild animals have dropped by more than half.At its root， this widespread environmental destruction is a result of our growth as a species and increasing food consumption to sustain ourselves.
Although climate change casts a shadow over future conservation efforts， farming is the No.1 threat to wildlife.We have already altered some 75 percent of the ice-free land on this planet.
All of this raises the question： How can we eat well without harming wildlife？ One simple step we can all take right now that would have a far greater impact than any other： Cut out the grain-fed beef.
The inefficiency of feeding livestock grain to turn them into meals for humans makes a diet heavy in animals particularly harsh on the Earth’s resources.For example， in the United States， it takes 25 kilograms of grain to produce one kilogram of beef.Pigs have a grain-to-meat-ratio of 9∶1， and chickens are 3∶1.
To make matters worse， the grain we feed animals is the leading driver of deforestation （采伐森林） in the tropics.And it’s a hungry beast： our cows， pigs， and chickens devour over one-third of all crops we grow.Indeed， the grain we feed to animals in the US alone could feed an additional 800 million people if it were eaten by us directly — more than the number of people currently living in hunger.
Livestock quietly causes 10 times more deforestation than the palm （棕榈） oil industry but seems to get about 10 times less media attention.While it’s certainly true that avoiding unsustainable palm oil is a good idea， avoiding eating animals that were raised on grain is an even more effective conservation way.
Feeding the world without damaging nature is one of the greatest challenges humanity faces.But with a little foresight， better land governance and some simple meal changes， many of the solutions are at arm’s length.For wildlife’s sake， go forth and enjoy your veggie burgers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界人口持续增长，可是，野生动物的数量却一直在减少。这是为什么呢？
5.What is the top reason that leads to the dropping number of wildlife？（ ）
A.Growing crops.
B.Climate change.
C.Environmental pollution.
D.Increasing human population.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，农业耕种是野生动物生存的最大威胁。
6.The author gives the example of beef in Paragraph 4 to show .（ ）
A.the high cost of beef
B.the great loss of grain
C.the great waste of resources
D.the difficulty in producing beef
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，在美国要消耗25公斤的谷物才能换来1公斤的牛肉。很明显这里作者在强调牛肉的高成本和低产出。
7.What does the underlined word “devour” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？（ ）
A.Get something easily.
B.Eat something quickly.
C.Ruin something heavily.
D.Waste something seriously.
解析：B 词义猜测题。根据第五段以及画线词所在句可知，牛、猪以及鸡应该是“快速吃掉”谷物。
8.What can we infer from Paragraph 6？（ ）
A.It doesn’t matter to consume palm oil.
B.People haven’t realised the harm of livestock.
C.Media pays little attention to the palm oil industry.
D.The palm oil industry does more harm than livestock.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第六段可知，作者认为：我们对于棕榈油行业对森林带来的破坏报道很多，而对于家畜对森林带来的间接影响却关注甚少。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·嘉兴高二下期末）Rene Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest.But after challenging a（n） 9 path last April， the 45-year-old mechanic was lost.
As the day faded into dusk， his concern turned to pean climbed to a spot with one bar of 11 .“I’m lost.SOS.My phone is going to 12 .” He texted the police， attaching a photo showing where he was.The 13 showed his legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants.
All Compean could do then was wait and 14 .The temperature was dropping fast.After 15 two mountain lions and a bear， he kept a big stick and some 16 rocks beside him in case an animal came close.
Kuo， 17 47， works in the tech industry， and always loves 18 where photos are taken.When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter， he pulled up a satellite map.He 19 his search to the surrounding area after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground.After comparing it to the satellite map， Kuo 20 something：“He’s got to be on the south side because there’s not really any 21 valleys on the north side.” That finding tightened his search， and finally the 22 matched！ Soon， Compean was saved.
Compean’s story probably would have ended very differently， had a 23 with strong satellite skills and a sharp eye for detail taken action.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Rene Compean在洛杉矶国家森林迷路了，Kuo通过对比照片和卫星地图找到了Rene Compean，最终Rene Compean成功获救。
9.A.attractive B.new
C.rough D.natural
解析：B 根据下文the 45-year-old mechanic was lost可知，这位机械师挑战的是一条新路。
10.A.shock B.confusion
C.fear D.excitement
解析：C 上文提到这位机械师迷路了，所以天色渐暗时，他开始变得恐惧起来。
11.A.signal B.chocolate
C.light D.iron
解析：A 根据下文My phone is going to ...和He texted the police可知，Compean找到有信号的地方去发短信。
12.A.function B.rest
C.break D.die
解析：D 根据空前I’m lost.SOS.可知，他的手机快没电了。
13.A.text B.video
C.shot D.record
解析：C 根据上文attaching a photo showing where he was可知，此处指照片中显示他的双腿周围是无尽的岩石和植物。此处用名词shot与上文photo相呼应。
14.A.sleep B.hope
C.stare D.reflect
解析：B 根据上一段描述可知，因为Compean迷路被困，所以他只能等待和希望救援的到来。
15.A.observing B.fighting
C.hunting D.spotting
解析：D 根据下文he kept a big stick和in case an animal came close可知，他应该是发现了美洲狮和熊。
16.A.sharp B.shiny
C.clean D.flat
解析：A 根据下文in case an animal came close可知，为预防动物袭击自己，他准备了一些锋利的石头。
17.A.then B.ever
C.also D.just
解析：A 本文介绍的是过去发生的一件事情，所以此处应用副词then，表示那时Kuo 47岁。
18.A.going about B.talking about
C.leaving for D.looking for
解析：D 根据下文When he saw the image of Compean’s legs released on the Twitter， he pulled up a satellite map.可知，Kuo喜欢查询照片的拍摄地。
19.A.changed B.counted
C.narrowed D.added
解析：C 根据下文after knowing Compean’s car was parked near Buckhorn Campground可知，因为Kuo知道了Compean停车的大概位置，所以他把搜索范围缩小到了附近地区。
20.A.realised B.admitted
C.recalled D.imagined
解析：A 根据上文After comparing it to the satellite map可知，Kuo把照片和卫星地图进行对比后，意识到了一些问题。
21.A.bare B.green
C.deep D.dangerous
解析：B 根据第二段中的by an endless landscape of rocks and plants可知，Compean的双腿周围是无尽的岩石和植物，由此Kuo判断Compean在南边，因为北部没有绿色的山谷。
22.A.figures B.actions
C.locations D.measures
解析：C 根据下文Soon， Compean was saved.可知，Compean最终获救了，也就是说Kuo找到了匹配的位置。
23.A.detective B.colleague
C.hiker D.stranger
解析：D 根据上文描述可知，Kuo和Compean素不相识，所以对于Compean来说，是陌生人Kuo的特殊卫星定位技术救了他。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
结合以下信息，请你写一篇主题为“保护大熊猫，人人有责”的英文演讲稿。
大熊猫 1.号称“中国国宝”，是中国的象征之一； 2.生活在四川、陕西及甘肃等省； 3.生活在野外的不到两千只； 4.濒危、国家一级保护动物
我们该 做什么 1.选择绿色生活方式，减少污染； 2.禁止砍伐森林，保护环境； 3.向世界野生动物基金（WWF）捐款
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Good afternoon， everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “It’s Everyone’s Duty to Protect the Giant Pandas”.
Thank you for your listening！
参考范文：
Good afternoon， everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “It’s Everyone’s Duty to Protect the Giant Panda”.
The giant panda， known as the national treasure of China， is also regarded as one of the symbols of China.It mainly lives in China’s Sichuan， Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.There are only less than two thousand giant pandas living in the wild now， which are in great danger of dying out and are named as first class national protected animals.
It’s high time that we took effective measures to protect the giant pandas.First of all， we should choose green lifestyle and reduce pollution； secondly， we ought to protect the environment and never cut down the forests； lastly， we can also donate money to WWF.
Thank you for your listening！
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Summer vacation was coming.Jack and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last.After the happy family got ready， they set out for the grandparents’ eagerly.On the way， the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared.Behind the property was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa.They arrived at the driveway， at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room， shouting excitedly，“Grandpa， we are back！”
Seeing his grandsons， Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain.A helpless expression flashed on his face.Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn’t stand up on his own forever.But Grandpa declared stubbornly （倔强地），“I can！” Certainly， he was stuck in his boyish way.Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time.They sat together and chatted about what had happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation， went out and wandered into the forest.Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other， while young ones rose straight like soldiers.Grandpa was once a great explorer full of wisdom.He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs.The trees， birds， lizards， lots of bugs ...How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom！
But now Grandpa couldn’t get up.This made them worried.“We’d think out a way to cheer him up.” Jack said.“Grandpa is a bird lover， and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested.“But he hates birds being caged！” Jack shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Jack’s mind.“Why not make a cane out of a young tree？”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
参考范文：
Berlin thought it was a good idea.When the two brothers reached an agreement， they quickly ran back to their grandfather’s house， got the tools they needed to make the cane， and ran back to the woods.Jack said，“What kind of tree should we pick for the walking stick？” Berlin thought for a moment and said，“I think we should choose a straight tree.” Jack nodded his head in agreement.They found a straight tree and set to work.They cut the tree down， and with a knife they took the bark off.It was a wonderful tree， which was smooth and was just of the right size.They thought Grandpa would love it.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.When Grandpa took the cane， his hands shook with joy， thinking，“This is made by my grandsons themselves.How precious it is！” Jack said， “Grandpa， we hope this cane will help you stand up and come with us to explore the woods.” Grandpa smiled and decided to give it a try so as not to make his grandchildren disappointed.He held the cane in his right hand and the arm of his chair in his left hand.He stood up with strength on his legs.Everyone was surprised and excited to see Grandpa stand up.At that moment， Jack noticed a tear coming from the corner of his grandfather’s eye.
20 / 20Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
25 Sep
Next week I’m travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays①.I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences and what I learn.I have already done some research on the country.[1]Located② to the south of③ the equator④，below many other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
I have also read about some iconic sites⑤， such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road， and animals like the cute koalas and kangaroos.I can’t wait to⑥ see all of them！ [2]However， as I major in⑦ social studies， I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture， food， and way of life.
[1]Located to the south of the equator为过去分词短语作状语。
[2]as I major in social studies是as引导的原因状语从句。
1 Oct
I’m here in Sydney！ Since I arrived，my friend has brought me to my first open-air barbecue⑧ and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me，so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food！ A lot of typical Australian food， such as the Sunday roast，is originally⑨ British.Bakeries⑩，fast-food joints ，butcher shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.The influence of Asian cultures， on the other hand， led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs ， along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.
3 Oct
My friend and I have arrived in Katherine， a town in Australia’s Northern Territory.We’re here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia.The Aboriginal population might be small，but its influence is still visible .[3]For example，“Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning “water breaking over rocks”.
To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.This shows in their music， too， which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them.[4]Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground， among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow.[5]To play the didgeridoo， you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips.Unlike a horn， there are no finger holes.The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch .A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo.I tried to learn how to play it， but after trying for hours， I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！
[3]动词-ing 短语meaning “water breaking over rocks”作后置定语，修饰an Aboriginal word。
[4]过去分词短语found on the ground作后置定语，修饰sticks；among which ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。
[5]while vibrating your lips是时间状语从句的省略结构。
6 Oct
It’s almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia.I’ve enjoyed my time here very much.[6]After being here for a while，my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.[7]Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture， minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants .It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
[8]Personally speaking， what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
[6]that make up the nation是that引导的定语从句。
[7]with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
[8]what I like most about Australia是what引导的主语从句。
After experiencing Australia， I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan ：“There’s nothing like Australia.”
【读文清障】
①over prep.在……期间
over the school holidays在学校放假期间
②located adj.位于
③“to the south of＋地点”指相邻不接壤（如中国和日本）。
“on the south of＋地点”指相邻且接壤。
“in the south of＋地点”指在……领域之内。
④equator n.赤道
⑤iconic sites 标志性景点
⑥can hardly wait/can’t wait to do sth迫不及待地做某事
⑦major in 主修
⑧barbecue n.户外烧烤；烤架
⑨originally adv.最初，起初
⑩bakery n.面包（糕饼）店；面包厂
joint n.公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节adj.联合的；共同的
butcher n.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n.总理；首相
herb n.药草；香草；草本
version n.版本
Chinese-inspired adj.灵感源自中国的
Chinese-inspired是“名词＋过去分词”构成的合成词，如man-made 人工的
be native to 原产于……
be a native of ...……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
visible adj.明显的；看得见的
vibrate vt.& vi.（使）振动
pitch n.音高
complicated adj.难懂的，复杂的
immigrant n.移民
straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的
feel at home 感觉自在
slogan n.标语；口号
【参考译文】
9月25日
趁学校放假，我打算下周去澳大利亚看望那里的一位朋友。我计划用这个博客记录我的所见所闻。我对澳大利亚做了一番研究。它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。
我也看了一些标志性景点的介绍，比如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还有可爱的考拉和袋鼠等动物的资料。我迫不及待想见到所有这一切！不过，因为我主修社会研究，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。
10月1日
我在悉尼啦！自我来这儿之后，朋友就带着我去吃了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还和我分享了许多风格各异的美味佳肴，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是美食！很多澳大利亚的特色美食都源自英国，比如星期日烤肉。随处可见的面包店、快餐连锁店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供世界顶级的美食体验。另一方面，在亚洲文化的影响下，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和亚洲药草。
10月3日
我和朋友来到了澳大利亚北领地的凯瑟琳小镇。我们此行的目的是了解土著人的生活和习俗，他们是澳大利亚的原住民，土著人的人口可能很少，但其影响依旧可见。例如，“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”就是一个土著词汇，意思是“拍打着岩石的海浪（声）”。
为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。这也体现在它们的音乐中。这些音乐歌颂身边的自然世界，以及围绕着它们的精神世界。他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。
迪吉里杜管由空心的树干制成。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，把嘴巴靠在一端，一边吹气，一边振动嘴唇。与喇叭不同，迪吉里杜管没有指孔。吹奏迪吉里杜管必须靠改变嘴形才能改变音高。一名娴熟的演奏者可以长时间吹奏，不用停下来换气。演奏者可以不停地用鼻子吸气，同时通过嘴巴吐气，吹入迪吉里杜管中。我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！
10月6日
差不多是我跟澳大利亚说再见的时候了。我在这里过得十分愉快。在这里住了一段时间之后，我最深刻的印象就是不同种族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。
对我个人来说，澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。
在游历了澳大利亚之后，我得说我十分赞同他们的旅游口号：“澳大利亚，尽是不同。”
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
2.What’s the main idea of this passage？
The passage includes four blogs ， which are about the author’s travel experiences in Australia.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What does the phrase “down under” mean？（ ）
A.Australia is surrounded by oceans.
B.Australia lies to the south of the equator.
C.Australia will be swallowed by rising sea water.
D.Australia has a lower ground level than other countries.
2.What does the word “this” in “He does this by continually breathing ...” refer to？（ ）
A.Blowing while vibrating his lips.
B.Making the didgeridoo from a tree branch.
C.Changing the shape of his mouth to change pitch.
D.Playing for a long time without stopping to breathe.
3.What impressed the writer most in Australia？（ ）
A.Its grand iconic sites. B.Its unique animals.
C.Its various cultures. D.Its different minorities.
4. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text？（ ）
A.To make a travel plan. B.To offer some suggestions.
C.To share his/her travel experience. D.To recommend a tourist destination.
答案：1－4 BDCC
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the location of Australia.
Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the didgeridoo.
（1）The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow.
（2）Unlike a horn， there are no finger holes.
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the author’s impression of Australia.
（1）After being here for a while， my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.
（2）Personally speaking， what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1.Why were the Aborigines in close contact with nature？
The Aborigines were hunter-gatherers who grew no crops and did not raise animals， so they were directly dependent on their natural environment.
2.What do you think is the best iconic attraction in China？ Why？
It seems to me that the best iconic attraction in China is the Great Wall.Not only does it represent the long history of China， but it also reflects the Chinese people’s diligence， bravery， and wisdom.What’s more， the Great Wall is one of the man-made structures visible from space.
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1.To survive in this vast land on the ocean， the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.
句式分析 该句为简单句。动词不定式短语To survive in this vast land on the ocean作 目的 状语。
自主翻译 为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。
2.Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground， among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
句式分析 该句为复合句。主干部分是Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，为主系表结构； found on the ground 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰sticks；among which there is ...为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的 musical instruments ；定语从句中又含有一个there be句型，其中called the didgeridoo为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰instrument。
自主翻译 他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。
3.It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
句式分析 该句为主从复合句。 It 为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语；who引导 定语 从句，修饰先行词parents。
自主翻译 据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。
核心词汇集释
located adj.位于；坐落于
【教材原句】 Located to the south of the equator， below many other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
它（澳大利亚）位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下方，常被非正式地称为“down under”。
【用法】
（1）be located in/on/at 位于；坐落于 （2）locate vt. 找出……的位置；把……设置（在）；使……坐落（于） （3）location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地
【佳句】 ①The cottage was located at the entrance of the forest，where the guests can view animals wandering in the nearby place.
小屋位于森林的入口处，在那里游客可以看到附近走动的动物。
②I’m trying to locate Mr Smith. Do you know where he is？
我要找史密斯先生。你知道他在哪里吗？
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I was doubly attracted to the house — by its size and its location （locate）.
② Located （locate） at the west end of Singapore， the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around.
【写美】 完成句子
③Your accommodation is conveniently located within walking distance of the town centre .
您的住宿位置便利，步行即可到达市中心。
④The information office is located in the city centre .
咨询处设在市中心。
refer to ...as ...把……称为……
【用法】
（1）refer to 指的是；提到，涉及；查阅 refer ...to ... 把……委托/交付给…… （2）reference n. 提到；查阅；参考书目 reference book 参考书，工具书
【佳句】 ①When I said some people were stupid， I wasn’t referring to you.
当我说有些人很愚蠢的时候，我不是指你。
②This incident in his childhood is never again referred to.
他小时候的这件事永远不再提了。
③The speaker frequently referred to his notes.
那个演讲者频繁地看发言稿。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The population of those who were born between 1990 and 1999 are referred to as “the post-90s generation”.
②As the situation was unusual， he referred the matter to the editor.
【写美】 完成句子
③Generally speaking， he likes to be referred to as “Professor Wang”.
一般说来，他喜欢人们称他为“王教授”。
④A vocabulary index is included at the end of the book for easy reference .
本书后面包括一个词汇索引，方便参考。
on the other hand （可是）另一方面
【教材原句】 The influence of Asian cultures， on the other hand， led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs， along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.另一方面，在亚洲文化的影响下，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和亚洲药草。
【用法】
on （the） one hand ...；on the other hand ...一方面……；另一方面（却）…… first（ly） ...；second（ly） ... 第一……；第二…… for one thing ...；for another ... 一则……；二则……
【佳句】 On the one hand， I enjoy living in a big city with all its amenities， but on the other hand， I miss the tranquility of the countryside.
一方面，我喜欢住在有各种便利设施的大城市里，但另一方面，我又想念乡村的宁静。
【点津】 on the one hand ...； on the other hand ...用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。
【写美】 完成句子
① On the one hand ， we should develop our economy； on the other hand ， we should protect the environment.
一方面我们应该发展经济；另一方面我们应该保护环境。
②A Traditional Chinese Culture Fair was held by our school last Sunday. For one thing ，it enabled visitors to understand Chinese traditions better. For another ，it made visitors feel the unique beauty of Chinese culture.
上周日我校举行了中国传统文化展。一则，它能使来访者更好地理解中国传统；二则，它能使来访者感受中国文化的独特之美。
breathe in 吸气，把……吸入
【教材原句】 He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo.演奏者可以不停地用鼻子吸气，同时通过嘴巴吐气，吹入迪吉里杜管中。
【用法】
（1）breathe out 呼出 （2）breath n. 呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气
【佳句】 The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out （again） slowly.
医生叫我吸气然后（再）慢慢地呼出。
【写美】 完成句子
①It’s good to breathe （in） fresh country air instead of city smoke.
呼吸乡间的新鲜空气而不吸入城市的烟尘是有益的。
②When hearing that his niece was out of danger， he breathed a sigh of relief .
当听说他的侄女脱离了危险时，他松了口气。
convince vt.使信服；说服
【教材原句】 I tried to learn how to play it， but after trying for hours， I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！
我试着学习吹奏方法，但经过好几个小时的努力，我只能确信我永远都无法用这个乐器发出乐声！
【用法】
（1）convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事 convince sb that ... 使某人相信…… convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 （2）convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的 be convinced that/of ... （某人）相信…… （3）convincing adj. 令人信服的
【佳句】 I am fully convinced that I’m the right person for this job.
我完全相信我是这份工作的合适人选。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We’ve been trying to convince him to give （give） up the plan.
②You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
【写美】 句式升级
③I’m convinced that you like paper-cutting， so I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition.
→ Convinced that you like paper-cutting， I’d like to invite you to visit the exhibition. （过去分词短语作状语）
make up 组成，构成；化妆；编造；和好；占据
【教材原句】 After being here for a while， my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.
在这里住了一段时间之后，我最深刻的印象就是不同种族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。
【用法】
make up one’s mind 下决心；决定 make up for 弥补，补偿 make out 看出，听出；理解；辨认出 make for 朝……行进；对……有好处；有助于
【佳句】 As the saying goes，“Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence.”
正如谚语所说：“勤能补拙。”
【练透】 语境辨义
①The imaginative child made up fairy stories. 编造
②Each link that makes up a chain is equally important. 组成，构成
【写美】 完成句子
③The fog was so heavy in the morning that I couldn’t make out the division line clearly .
早晨的雾太大，以至于我不能清晰地辨认出分界线。
重点句型解构
句型公式：It is/was time （for sb） to do sth是（某人）该做某事的时候了
【教材原句】 It’s almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia.差不多是我跟澳大利亚说再见的时候了。
【用法】
（1）It’s （high/about） time that sb did/should do ... 到了某人做……的时间了 （2）It/This was the first/second ...time that ...这是……第一/二……次……（从句用过去完成时） It/This is the first/second ...time that ...这是……第一/二……次……（从句用现在完成时）
【品悟】 It’s high time that we raised our awareness of protecting the environment.
该是我们提高保护环境意识的时候了。
【写美】 一句多译/完成句子
①现在是我们采取有效措施的时候了。
→It is high time for us to take effective measures .
→It is high time that we took effective measures .
→It is high time that we should take effective measures .
②It was the first time that I had given/made/delivered a speech in public ， so I was too nervous to keep calm.
那是我第一次在公共场合发表演讲，所以我太紧张了而不能保持冷静。
句型公式：it 作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语
【教材原句】 It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。
【用法】
（1）“It is said that ...＝Sb/Sth is said to do sth”意为“据说……”；其中动词不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。 （2）用于本句型的动词还有 think、 believe、 expect、 report、 consider、 suppose等。 （3）It is suggested/hoped that ...不能转换成“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do”结构。
【品悟】 ①It’s said that thousands of works cut by folk artists will be on display， from which we will know the life of people around us.
据说，成千上万的民间艺术家雕刻的作品将被展出，从中我们将了解我们周围人的生活。
②It is expected that the new policy will bring about positive changes.人们期待新政策将带来积极的变化。
【写美】 句型转换/翻译句子
①It is said that at least one policeman was injured in the accident.
→At least one policeman is said to have been injured in the accident.
②People believe that he is one of the best basketball players of China.
→ It is believed that he is one of the best basketball players of China.
→He is believed to be one of the best basketball players of China.
③希望这些建议对你有很大的帮助。
It is hoped that these suggestions would be of great help to you.
维度一：品句填词
1.Bamboo is light because it is hollow （空心的）.
2.Relieved， I decided to keep this lesson in mind forever and always be straightforward （坦率的）.
3.“Service with a smile” is the company’s most influential slogan （标语）.
4.We should make joint （共同的） efforts to develop science and technology.
5.Living near a bakery （面包房），the salesman always has easy access to newly baked bread.
6.All theories should be built on a foundation of factual knowledge.
7.Some butchers also kill animals for meat and make foods such as sausages and meat pies.
8.Social and political problems led to the outbreak of war.
维度二：单句语法填空
1. Located （locate） on Jianshe Road， the scenic People’s Park is a perfect destination for picnic.
2.I am convinced （convince） that this speech will convince many students to pay attention to safety.
3.With our knowledge based on practice， we can make great contributions （contribute） to our society.
4.As the political （politics）， economic and cultural center of the country， London is also one of the most important cities in the world.
5.With reference （refer） to table manners， I want to give you some suggestions and hope that they will be helpful to you.
6.The room was filled with smoke， and it was becoming difficult to breathe （breathe）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.On the contrary，volunteers couldn’t wait to experience the life there ， for they were tired of the life on the Earth.（can’t wait）
相反，志愿者们迫不及待地想体验那里的生活，因为他们厌倦了地球上的生活。
2. It is agreed that Lincoln is one of the greatest presidents in American history.（agree）
人们一致认为，林肯是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一。
3.I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework， but I just can’t resist playing computer games.（time）
我知道是开始做作业的时候了，但我就是忍不住要玩电脑游戏。
4. What makes the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water.（what引导主语从句）
让河水变得更漂亮的是水里的莲花。
5.On the one hand， I want to pursue my dream career， but on the other hand， I am afraid of taking risks and leaving my comfort zone .
一方面，我想追求我梦想中的职业，但另一方面，我又害怕冒险和离开我的舒适区。
维度四：课文语法填空
I have done some research before 1. travelling （travel） to Australia， which is often informally referred to 2. as “down under”.
My first 3. impressions （impress） of Australia were about food.4. The influence of Asian cultures led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs，along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.We were there 5. to learn （learn） about the life and customs of the Aborigines.To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with 6. nature （natural）.Most of their musical instruments are 7. really （real） just sticks 8. found （find） on the ground， among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
After being there for a while， my 9. biggest （big） impression of Australia is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures 10. that make up the nation.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·南京高二下质检）Where to go in 2024？To give you a helping hand we’ve highlighted some of the best new rides， parks and attractions not to miss on your radar.
Alton Towers
Alton Towers has announced several new attractions in CBeebies Land will open in spring 2024.There will be a new Hey Duggee themed play and adventure land for kids complete with appearances from Hey Duggee himself， a brand new JoJo & Gran Gran At Home attraction with fun activities， and a brand new interactive show， Andy’s Adventures Dinosaur Dig， where families can discover plenty of prehistoric sights and sounds in the immersive experience.
Legoland
Legoland has announced a brand new attraction for 2024 which is sure to be a hit with kids who can’t get enough of building Lego creations.“The Brick” will open in spring 2024 and will offer hundreds of thousands of Lego bricks for families to play with.Last year the resort also opened a huge new land inspired by mythical creatures complete with new rides and the UK’s first flying theatre ride.
Thorpe Park
Although no new rides are scheduled for 2024， the resort is currently in a public consultation period following a proposal for a new rollercoaster which would be tipped to become the tallest rollercoaster in the UK.
Walt Disney World
Walt Disney World is going all out for 2024 as it celebrates its 53rd anniversary.Expect dazzling shows， iconic landmarks such as Cinderella Castle being transformed into one of four Beacons of Light， and 50 golden statues celebrating iconic characters.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国的四个主题公园以及其新游乐设施和景点。
1.How many new attractions will be open in CBeebies Land？（ ）
A.Two. B.Three.
C.Four. D.Five.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据Alton Towers部分中的There will be a new Hey Duggee themed play ...a brand new interactive show可知，在CBeebies Land将有三个具有吸引力的新景点开放。
2.What can we learn about Thorpe Park？（ ）
A.It has the tallest rollercoaster in the UK.
B.It doesn’t have any new rides for 2024.
C.It submitted plans for children’s rides.
D.It is under construction of a rollercoaster.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据Thorpe Park部分中的Although no new rides are scheduled for 2024可知，Thorpe Park在2024年没有新的游乐设施。
3.In which park can visitors enjoy the golden statues？（ ）
A.Alton Towers.
B.Legoland.
C.Thorpe Park.
D.Walt Disney World.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据Walt Disney World部分中的50 golden statues celebrating iconic characters可知，游客可以在Walt Disney World欣赏金像。
B
（2024·烟台高二下月考）Young and old alike can be crazy about a new finding by researchers at The Ohio State University and The University of Chicago. There is hope for us all when it comes to creativity， they say.
According to the study， which focused on the 31 most notable Nobel Prize winners in economics， there are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators tend to do their best work in their mid-twenties， while experimental innovators peak in their fifties.
They explain in the paper that there are conceptual thinkers， who seek to communicate specific ideas or emotions and have precise goals for their works， planning them carefully in advance， and carrying them out systematically. Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein both did their greatest work in youth. However， experimental innovators build on their knowledge and accept theories throughout their careers and ultimately find new and innovative ways to analyze that knowledge. These thinkers tend to do their best work later in life. The paper cites Virginia Woolf and Charles Darwin as late bloomers.
The study states， “Many scholars believe that creativity is only associated with youth. Two 54-year-old Harvard scholars were denied offers of tenured professorships （终身教授） due to concerns of the so-called problem of ‘extinct volcanoes’.”
Their findings suggest that this kind of biased （有偏见的） thinking leads to bad decisions. It ignores the fact that there are different types of innovators and that different problems demand different kinds of contributions and solutions. They hope their work will gradually remove the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses （早熟的天才） and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. Weinberg， the co-author of the study， said，“We believe what we found in this study isn’t limited to economics， but could apply to creativity more generally.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。俄亥俄州立大学和芝加哥大学的研究人员发现，创造力没有年龄限制，我们所有人都可以培养创造力。
4.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “blossom” in Paragraph 2？（ ）
A.Fully develop. B.Suddenly change.
C.Gradually fade. D.Repeatedly emerge.
解析：A 词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在50岁左右达到顶峰。这说明具有这两种创造力的人在不同的时间会做到最好，即得到充分发展，所以画线单词blossom意为“充分发展”。
5.How does the author develop Paragraph 3？（ ）
A.By introducing a theory.
B.By providing an example.
C.By making a comparison.
D.By analyzing a phenomenon.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，本段作者将两类天才人物进行了对比，一类是大器早成者，另一类是大器晚成者。
6.What does the author want to stress in the last paragraph？（ ）
A.Creativity breeds success.
B.Creativity knows no age limit.
C.Solutions need diverse creativity.
D.Favoritism for geniuses limits creativity.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的They hope their work will gradually remove the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses （早熟的天才） and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age.可知，作者在本段主要想强调创造力没有年龄限制。
7.What’s the author’s attitude to the new findings？（ ）
A.Doubtful. B.Objective.
C.Positive. D.Critical.
解析：B 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为这项新发现既有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，作者对该项新发现的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·郑州高二下期末）Located 15 kilometers to the northwest of Beijing， Yiheyuan or the Summer Palace is the largest and best-preserved imperial park in existence in China today.8.（ ）
The Summer Palace mainly consists of a 60-meter-high hill called Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake， which occupies nearly three quarters of the park.9.（ ） The hill was built with the earth excavated from digging the huge lake， which is a copy of the famous West Lake in the scenic city of Hangzhou in east China.
The park also boasts a total of more than 3，550 classical， ancient Chinese pieces of architecture， such as palaces， pavilions， towers， waterside halls， platforms， bridges， long galleries and courtyards.
The original tower was burned down in 1860 by the Anglo-French Allied Army during the Second Opium War.10.（ ） It cost the Qing Dynasty more than 780，000 taels of silver.
Long Gallery meanders 728 meters at the southern foot of Longevity Hill and along the bank of Kunming Lake.In 1992， it found its way into Guinness World Records as the longest gallery in the world.
The building of this park started in 1750 under the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.11.（ ） It copied some most beautiful gardens in other parts of the country.
However， many buildings in the garden were destroyed during the Anglo-French allied invasion of Beijing during the Second Opium War.Rebuilding of the park began in 1886 and the project won support from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
12.（ ） It called the imperial park “a masterpiece of Chinese landscape garden design”.Today， the Summer Palace is among the top 10 attractions for both Chinese and overseas visitors in Beijing.
A.It’s a copy of the famous West Lake.
B.Both the lake and the hill are man-made.
C.It also helps to divide a garden into different zones.
D.It was then called Qingyiyuan or the Garden of Clear Ripples.
E.The one people see today was rebuilt in 1891 and completed in 1894.
F.In 1998， the Summer Palace was included by UNESCO on its World Heritage List.
G.It is also considered a museum of the Chinese imperial gardens and architecture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。颐和园是中国清朝时期的皇家园林，前身为清漪园。它是我国现存规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林。
8.G 第一段是对颐和园的概括性介绍，应该强调其特殊地位和独特价值，因此G项符合语境。
9.B 上文提到了Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake，因此B项中的Both the lake and the hill正好与上文匹配。
10.E 上文提到原来的塔被英法联军焚毁，E项则接着说明：人们今天看到的是1891年重建的。上文The original tower和E项中的The one people see today正好形成对比。
11.D 本段在追溯历史，回顾颐和园1750年首建时的情形，它当时被叫作“清漪园”。因此D项符合语境。
12.F 下句It called暗示上句提到了某权威机构、部门或平台等，因此F项符合语境，这里的It指代F项中的UNESCO（联合国教科文组织）或 World Heritage List （《世界遗产名录》）。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2024·湖州高二下期末）Last year， a group of friends and I began a project called The World Needs You. Its aim is to show how 13 it is to make a positive difference in our community. Over the holidays， we collected hats， 14 and other cold-weather equipment for the “store” at an elementary school， where students can “buy” things with 15 earned through good behaviour. It was a 16 way to get these items to children whose families might not be able to 17 them.
“Do the children need anything else？” I asked the coordinator （协调人） when we sent our 18 to him.
“Umbrellas！” she said. “Most of our 19 have to walk to school， and when it rains they come in very 20 .”
Of course！ I thought. It doesn’t snow much here， 21 we do have a lot of cold rainy days. Parents who are poor might not buy 22 . My friends and I began to 23 ： We sent e-mails， called people and 24 the project at social events. Everyone had the same 25 ： “I’ve never thought about that before！” We collected more than 50 umbrellas for the school 26 April showers. We were very satisfied. 27 ， the kids will be singing in the rain！
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我们”为了帮助需要帮助的人发起了名为The World Needs You的公益活动，针对人们的实际需要进行了一些捐助。
13.A.lucky B.easy
C.wealthy D.quick
解析：B 根据下文内容可知，这个公益活动是为了展示在社区中做出一些积极的改变是一件容易的事。
14.A.glasses B.needles
C.gloves D.bowls
解析：C 根据空后的and other cold-weather equipment可知，所填词与抗寒有关。
15.A.rewards B.pleasure
C.tips D.love
解析：A 根据本空前后的 “buy” things与earned through good behaviour可知，学生可以通过表现良好获得奖励来买物品。
16.A.common B.scientific
C.simple D.good
解析：D 这样做一方面能鼓励孩子们表现良好，另一方面又能满足他们的需求，所以是一个好方法。
17.A.own B.use
C.accept D.afford
解析：D 根据下文可知，该公益活动帮助的是家庭贫困的孩子，所以把这些东西给那些家庭负担不起的孩子。
18.A.donations B.screens
C.luggage D.staffs
解析：A 根据语境可知，此处表示当“我们”把捐赠的物品给协调人时。
19.A.customers B.kids
C.teachers D.employees
解析：B 根据上文Do the children need anything else？可知，此处指多数孩子步行上学。
20.A.concerned B.angry
C.wet D.nervous
解析：C 孩子们没有雨伞，所以，下雨时他们都被淋湿了。
21.A.but B.so
C.and D.or
解析：A 前后句子在逻辑上为转折关系，所以用but。
22.A.candles B.umbrellas
C.tickets D.houses
解析：B 根据上文的Umbrellas！以及下文提到的50 umbrellas可知，B项符合语境。
23.A.weep B.recover
C.work D.understand
解析：C 根据下文语境可知，“我们”开始工作。
24.A.suffered from B.made out
C.talked up D.looked into
解析：C 为了筹集到雨伞，“我们”开始工作，无论是sent e-mails，还是called people，都是让人们知道我们在做什么，所以此处指在社交活动中宣传这个项目。talk up表示“夸奖；赞扬”。
25.A.response B.level
C.pay D.height
解析：A 根据下文I’ve never thought about that before！可知，这是人们共同的反应。
26.A.in need of B.in favour of
C.for lack of D.in time for
解析：D “我们”为学校及时筹集了50多把雨伞，以备四月的阵雨。in time for表示“及时赶上”。
27.A.Surprisingly B.Hopefully
C.Interestingly D.Luckily
解析：B 根据上文We were very satisfied.可知，“我们”希望孩子们将在雨中歌唱！
16 / 16UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Nothing is art if it does not come from nature. —Antoni Gaudi 任何不是来自大自然的东西都不是艺术。 ——安东尼·高迪 Form ever follows function.A proper building grows naturally， logically， and poetically out of all its conditions. —Louis Sullivan 形式永远追随功能。一座合适的建筑自然地、合乎逻辑地、富有诗意地从它所处的所有环境中诞生出来。 ——路易斯·沙利文
The difference between good and bad architecture is the time you spend on it. —David Chipperfield 好建筑和坏建筑的区别在于你花在它上面的时间。 ——大卫·奇普菲尔德 Even a brick wants to be something.Every building must have its own soul. —Louis Kahn 即使是一块砖也想有所作为。每个建筑都必须有自己的灵魂。 ——路易斯·卡恩
1 / 2单元质量检测（二） ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the conversation mainly about？（ ）
A.A school. B.A farm. C.A storm.
2.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（ ）
A.Husband and wife.
B.Manager and clerk.
C.Friends.
3.Why does the woman call the man？（ ）
A.To book a room.
B.To order her meal.
C.To remind him of her dinner.
4.How much is the blue dress？（ ）
A.$200. B.$100. C.$50.
5.What does the woman promise to do？（ ）
A.Compensate the man for his loss.
B.Be careful next time.
C.Punish Bob.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers mainly discussing？（ ）
A.Where to buy tickets.
B.Where to park the car.
C.Where to get a camera.
7.Where will the speakers meet？（ ）
A.At the market.
B.At the camera shop.
C.At the sports stadium.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How does the woman feel about climbing the rock？（ ）
A.Tired. B.Relaxed. C.Excited.
9.What will the woman do with Kate？（ ）
A.See films.
B.Have dinner.
C.Watch TV shows.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.Why doesn’t the man like to go to France？（ ）
A.He’s been there.
B.It is too noisy.
C.The time does not fit.
11.How much does the tour to Spain cost？（ ）
A.345 pounds.
B.385 pounds.
C.470 pounds.
12.Where will the man go for his holiday？（ ）
A.Sweden. B.Spain. C.Italy.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Where will the man work？（ ）
A.At a computer company.
B.At a newspaper.
C.At an advertising company.
14.Why did the man choose that workplace？（ ）
A.It has less pressure.
B.It offers him good pay.
C.It is close to his home.
15.How is the woman’s job hunting？（ ）
A.Unsuccessful. B.Lucky. C.Easy.
16.What does the woman want to become？（ ）
A.A teacher. B.A writer. C.A reporter.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Why did the speaker quarrel with her neighbour？（ ）
A.He came home late.
B.He was too noisy.
C.He stayed up late.
18.How did the neighbour react after the speaker went to his apartment？（ ）
A.He changed for the worse.
B.He admitted his misbehaviour.
C.He apologised to her.
19.What did the speaker do after arguing with her neighbour？（ ）
A.She gave him a gift.
B.She had a talk with him.
C.She watched a movie with him.
20.What is the speaker’s suggestion to Teddy？（ ）
A.Turning to the police for help.
B.Being patient and trying to stand it.
C.Writing a friendly letter to the neighbour.
答案：1－5 CACBA 6－10 BBAAB
11－15 BAACA 16－20 BBABC
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：I was scared by the storm last night， which sounded like it hit the area near the hotel.
W：Me， too.It has been reported lightning hit the factory near the farm.
（Text 2）
W：Oh， the bell is ringing.Please open the door.I think it’s our friend Mary to see us.I’m busy doing the washing.
M：OK， just a minute.I’m feeding little Tommy.
（Text 3）
M：Hello， room service.Can I help you？
W：I ordered dinner about forty minutes ago.It hasn’t been served yet.
M：We are sorry for the delay， ma’am.Could you hold the line， please？ I’ll check your order.
（Text 4）
W：That dress is too expensive.
M：But it’s so pretty.
W：Yes， it is pretty， but it costs $200.What about the blue one？ It’s almost the same， but it costs half as much.
（Text 5）
M：I’m sorry to have to say this， but your son Bob has broken my window.
W：I’m really sorry， sir.This will never happen again.Don’t worry.I will pay for the damage.
M：It’s OK.Just tell him to be more careful next time.
（Text 6）
W：Where shall we park our car？
M：I’ll park near the sports stadium.There are always spaces round there.
W：But I want to go to the camera shop so the sports stadium isn’t very convenient for me.Is it possible to park along the street？
M：No way.We’ll get a ticket.I’ll drive to the camera shop and you can get off.I’ll walk back to the camera shop after I’ve parked the car.
W：OK.I’ll see you there.Then we can go to the market together.
（Text 7）
M：Where would you like to go on holiday？
W：Well， I have no idea about that.
M：I would like an active holiday this year.Maybe I’ll visit Ayers Rock.
W：I’ve been quite tired of doing so much work.Climbing the rock will use even more energy.
M：What would you like to do then？
W：Well， I just want to relax.I’m going to have dinner with my parents and then watch my favourite TV show.
M：Do you think you can do that for a whole week？
W：Oh， my sister Kate told me there will be a movie festival.They are showing many old and new movies this week.We’ve decided to go to the movies together.
（Text 8）
W：OK.Now， let’s find a place to go for your holiday.Do you have any preferences ... France ... Italy？
M：Oh， not France.Last year it was absolutely packed with visitors.It was very noisy.We want somewhere quieter this year.
W：All right.Was it seven or ten nights you wanted？
M：Oh， ten， please.
W：Right.Well， let’s start with Italy.Um， we’ve got ten nights for 345 pounds， from Manchester， on the sixteenth.
M：No， that’s no good for me.We wouldn’t get back till the twenty-sixth， and my wife’s got to be back at work before that.
W：Um ... how about Sweden？ That would be 470 pounds， from Manchester again， on the eleventh.
M：Well， that seems too much.
W：All right.How about Spain？
M：Oh， that sounds great.We’ve never been there.
W：Let’s see now. We’ve got ten nights， from London， on the thirteenth， for 385 pounds.
M：Oh， wait a minute.We’d prefer a flight from the north somewhere， Manchester perhaps.Er ... OK， in this case， Sweden then.
W：All right.
（Text 9）
W：John， we’re leaving college soon.Have you found a job？
M：Yes.I was interviewed by a computer company and an advertising company.And both of them offered me a job.
W：So which one will you work for？
M：The first one.
W：Why？Is it a high-paid job？Or does it have less pressure？
M：Well， the computer company is close to my house.And I can go to work easily.
W：Are your parents happy about that？
M：Yes.What about you？Have you found a job？
W：Not really.I tried to find work at three different newspapers， but none of them replied.
M：Why do you want to work for a newspaper？
W：I want to write my own books.Working for a newspaper can make my dream come true.
M：Don’t worry.I believe you will find work at a newspaper sooner or later.
（Text 10）
Dear Teddy，
Having a noisy neighbour is a really common problem， especially for people who live in an apartment.
Like you， I also had a noise problem with a neighbour.He’d watch loud movies every night， sometimes until 3 in the morning.One night， I decided I’d had enough of the noise， so I went to my neighbour’s apartment and we argued.However， that only made him turn his TV up even louder every night after that.
A week or so later， I saw my neighbour outside.Even though we’d lived next to each other for a long time， the first time we’d spoken was when we had our argument.
So， I chatted with him and got to know him better — I also made a joke about how I liked his taste in movies.
That night， the noise problem stopped.It seemed that all I had to do was get my neighbour to see me as a friend， not an enemy.
So， my advice to you is to be calm and patient with your neighbour.
One day， go over and ask if you can come in for a talk.If you mention that their noise is affecting your studies， they should soon change their mind.
At the same time， however， not everyone is comfortable with facing people this way.If you’re one of those people， write a polite and friendly letter instead， explaining your problem to your neighbour.
Many people we know can make us angry， but usually， the best way to win someone over is through kindness.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Overview
Departing from the Las Vegas Strip， see America’s most iconic natural wonder， the Grand Canyon.After hotel pickup， enjoy a 45-minute flight to the West Rim， flying over Hoover Dam， and then land on a canyon bluff （峭壁） for a glass of Champagne and snacks.On the return flight， fly over the Las Vegas Strip for an aerial view of the city skyline.There and back in just a few hours leaves you plenty of time to enjoy Las Vegas for the rest of the day.
·Scenic helicopter flight to the Grand Canyon West Rim
·Convenient departure from McCarran gives you longer flight time than most other helicopter tours
·Enjoy views over Lake Mead， Hoover Dam， the Grand Canyon， and Las Vegas
·Ride in a state-of-the-art， 6-passenger jet helicopter
·Toast with a 30-minute landing below the rim which includes Champagne and snacks
·Enjoy a choice of morning or afternoon flights
What to Expect
Your Las Vegas helicopter tour to the Grand Canyon begins with VIP treatment as you’re picked up from your hotel by car.At the heliport just off Las Vegas Blvd， board your A-Star helicopter for your aerial adventure to the Grand Canyon’s West Rim， flying over Lake Mead and the Hoover Dam on the way while you listen to recorded introduction via provided headphones.While you enjoy the incredible scenery， feel free to ask your pilot any questions.Then make the return journey back to Vegas， flying low over the Las Vegas Strip for a bird’s-eye view of the city.
When booking， you have several departure times to choose from， as well as the option to upgrade to an EC-130 helicopter， which provides more leg room and allows for more weight per seat.Maximum capacity per helicopter is six people plus the pilot.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了从拉斯维加斯起飞到大峡谷的直升机之旅。
21.What will happen at the end of the tour？（ ）
A.Flying to the West Rim.
B.Having a meal on a cliff.
C.Overlooking Las Vegas closely.
D.Enjoying views of Hoover Dam.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据Overview部分可知，在返回途中，游客可以在空中近距离鸟瞰拉斯维加斯的美景。
22.Which service can you enjoy？（ ）
A.A professional tour guide.
B.Flexible length of flight time.
C.Getting answers from the pilot.
D.Being picked up by a helicopter.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据What to Expect部分可知，游客可以问飞行员任何关于旅行的问题。
pared with an A-Star helicopter， an EC-130 helicopter .（ ）
A.gives more discounts
B.offers longer flight time
C.carries more passengers
D.provides better experience
解析：D 推理判断题。根据What to Expect部分可知，EC-130直升机可以提供更大的空间，适合体型较大的游客；不过所有飞机都是6名游客加1名飞行员。
B
At the beginning of Grade Two， I joined the cross-country running team in our school.
When I came to the first practice， I was filled with optimism.But as the distance we ran each practice gradually increased from three， to four， to six miles， I realised with surprise that no matter how hard I tried， I wasn’t physically capable of running as fast as my friends.In fact， I was one of the slowest on the team.
What was the point of putting myself through so much pain？ After the first few weeks， I wanted to quit.Then we had our first cross-country meet.
When we started the race， I felt the great pressure of expectations sink onto my shoulders.And after a while I stopped running and struggled to walk up the hill.But then I heard my coaches yelling my name from the top of the hill.I felt confused and embarrassed； why were they cheering for me？ I was running terribly！ As I tried my best to finish the race， I realised that my coaches didn’t care how fast I ran.Neither did my teammates.During the rest of the season， they were always on the sidelines of every race， cheering for me just as loudly as they’d cheered for the frontrunner.
From then on， I began to put my effort into supporting my teammates instead of focusing on my own performance.In that way， I celebrated my teammates’ victories as if they were my own； I felt their pain and exhaustion as if they were my own.
The relationships built within our cross-country team are ones that will carry on past our running days and into old age.Cross-country running made me realise that I don’t need to be the best to be successful in life.It taught me to value my relationships with people more than my relationship with my ego.It taught me to cheer for others even if I never learn their first names.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己参加越野赛跑的经历，认识到了团队合作、互相帮助的重要性。
24.Why did the author want to give up？（ ）
A.He didn’t perform well.
B.He lacked self-confidence.
C.He had no interest in running.
D.He wasn’t recognised by others.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于作者在越野跑步队里是跑得最慢的一个，所以他产生了放弃的想法。
25.What can we learn about the coaches？（ ）
A.They focused on the result.
B.They were hard on the author.
C.They cared about the process.
D.They were strict with the runners.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，教练们所关心的并不是作者跑步的速度，也不是最终的比赛结果，而是他是否全力以赴和坚持到底。
26.What change happened to the author after the cross-country race？（ ）
A.He practiced even harder.
B.He achieved more success.
C.He received more support.
D.He showed concern for others.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，自从越野赛跑后，作者开始关心周围的队友，而不仅仅是关注自身。
27.What did the author realise from his experience？（ ）
A.The value of competition.
B.The value of doing sports.
C.The importance of winning.
D.The importance of team spirit.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，参加越野赛跑给作者最大的改变和启示是让他认识到友谊及团队合作的重要性。
C
“Getting a college degree is still an important advantage in the job market，” says a major research study in the United States.
The Pew research group examined the influence of the recession （经济衰退） on the job opportunities for recent school and college leavers in the US.It found that those with higher levels of education were much better insulated against job losses and pay cuts.
“A college degree still matters，” says research manager Diana Elliott.The study from the Pew group’s Economic Mobility Project was an attempt to test the reality behind stories about college leavers who found themselves falling into debt and having low-skill jobs.
It wanted to see whether it was still worth going to college， when there has been much worry in the US about rising tuition fees and the levels of student debt.
“There have been many stories in the newspapers about graduates with a degree who have had difficulties in the labour market，” says Ms Elliott.But she says that their research found that such stories were not representative.Instead it showed a strong link between getting a degree and access to higher status， better jobs.Getting a job was harder for all young people after the recession， but the extra difficulties faced by graduates were much less pronounced.
There was also little evidence， from a study using a sample of 140，000 people， that the recession was pushing many more graduates into non-graduate jobs.
The study — How Much Protection Does a College Degree Afford — shows that the most serious influence of the recession was on those who were least well qualified.Those who did not stay in education beyond high school were more likely to be unemployed.
The recession lowered incomes across the job market — but while graduates faced a 5% drop in income， those without a college degree fell by 10%.Those young people with college degrees have seen their earnings recovering.However earnings for those who did not study beyond high school have failed to recover and are below the levels of the 2008 recession and the early years of the decade.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。上大学的价值何在？美国一机构的研究调查表明，大学学位在就业市场依然起着很重要的作用。大学毕业生比起那些未上高中或高中毕业的年轻人有着明显的竞争优势。
28.The underlined word “insulated” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.（ ）
A.tested B.proved
C.affected D.protected
解析：D 词义猜测题。第一段说明大学学位在就业市场的重要性，下文又接着说“大学学位至关重要”。由此可以判断，画线词所在句意为“那些受教育程度高者更不容易失业或是降薪”。insulate against sth表示“免受……的影响”。
29.What’s the aim of the study from the Pew research group？（ ）
A.To know the value of going to college in America.
B.To know the difficulties in American labour market.
C.To know the quality of college education in America.
D.To know the college graduates’ employment situation.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，美国这一研究调查机构的主要目的是想知道如今上大学是否还值得。
30.The study from the Pew research group showed that .（ ）
A.a lot of college graduates couldn’t find a job
B.a degree could help a graduate get a better job
C.many college graduates went into low-skill jobs
D.getting a job was hard only for high school graduates
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，美国这一机构的研究调查表明，获得大学学位和得到更高的社会地位与更好的工作之间有着密切关系。
31.What does the writer mainly intend to tell us？（ ）
A.The cost of higher education is growing.
B.Finding a job is hard due to the recession.
C.Levels of education make a big difference.
D.A college degree isn’t so popular as before.
解析：C 主旨大意题。本文通过美国一机构的一系列研究调查结果，主要说明了大学学位在就业市场依然起着很重要的作用，大学毕业生比起那些未上高中或高中毕业的年轻人有着明显的竞争优势。
D
Free education and health care are surely among the reasons why the World Happiness Report in recent years revealed Norway was one of the happiest country in the world， but researchers attribute a Norwegian’s good cheer to one single word.
The word is dugnad and it means to do community work.Before you rush out to help an elderly neighbour cross the street or walk dogs at your local shelter （although both are worthwhile activities）， you need to know that dugnad does not directly translate to traditional volunteerism， although the work of a dugnad is voluntary.
Deeply rooted in the country’s heritage， dugnad is different than routine charitable work.It describes times when community members come together to contribute their skills towards the goal of maintaining or beautifying a certain geographic location.This could be through repairs， building， cleaning， gardening， or painting.Norwegian law doesn’t enforce dugnad event attendance but widespread participation is expected and regarded as a vital part of belonging to neighbourhoods， organisations， and workplaces， which all often coordinate their own dugnads.
A Norwegian friend tells us，“Dugnad is a part of the national soul.It’s not really about patting ourselves on the back for doing a good deed.” Dugnad has a cultural resonance （共鸣） that agrees with Norway’s values for generosity and collective care.Dugnad participation strengthens bonds and maintains a nation； everyone benefits from a well-cared-for community.
If you’re inspired to try it yourself， here are some ideas to bring the spirit of dugnad to your area.
Mow lawns for the elderly in your area.
Organise co-workers to repaint the headquarters of a local nonprofit.
Organise a clean up day at your local park and plant new flowers.
Remember the goal is to chip in to keep the country happy； instead of hosting a bake sale to raise money to buy a local sports team new uniforms， think of having a sewing party to repair them instead.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年世界幸福报告显示，挪威是世界上最幸福的国家之一。挪威人幸福的秘诀何在呢？
32.What do the researchers stress about the reason for Norwegians’ happiness？（ ）
A.Health care.
B.Free education.
C.Involving in voluntary activities.
D.Participating in frequent charitable work.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，研究者们将挪威人的幸福归结于一个词——dugnad。这个单词的意思是从事社区志愿者活动。
33.What’s the main purpose of Norwegians’ taking part in dugnads？（ ）
A.To gain recognition from others.
B.To achieve a sense of belonging.
C.To show their generosity to others.
D.To answer the call of the community.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，挪威人从事dugnad的一个很重要的目的是获得归属感、增强凝聚力，而不是受到表扬和鼓励。
34.Which of the following would the author most probably advise us to do？（ ）
A.To carry out repairs on the local garden.
B.To raise some money for the local church.
C.To donate some money for the neighbourhood.
D.To buy some uniforms for the local sports team.
解析：A 推理判断题。综合文章最后几段可知，作者主要建议我们身体力行去参与建设社区的活动，而不是仅仅捐献钱物。
35.What would be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.The Top Secret of Happiness
B.The Happiest Country in the World
C.One Word That Makes Norwegians Happy
D.One Character That Norwegians Are Proud of
解析：C 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要揭示了挪威人幸福的秘诀在于一个单词——dugnad。因此C项为本文最佳标题。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be really hard to identify your talents and they are often in the places you least expect.You may even be very good at things that you believe you are bad at.36.（ ）
Open your mind to all paths.A good place to start evaluating your talents is to just open your mind to the possibilities.Keep in mind that talents extend beyond just playing the guitar or dancing like a professional.37.（ ） For example， being able to read emotions very accurately is a very useful talent.
38.（ ） As you reflect on yourself in search of your talents， start by looking at your past.What did you do a lot as a kid？ What were you known for？ Sometimes this can reveal some of your deepest talents and certainly will reveal interests that can be explored further.
Write down everything that you enjoy.This will help you to see what things you truly enjoy doing and give you an opportunity to think about why you enjoy these things.39.（ ） Doing these things may allow you to use the special knowledge that you have about these subjects.
Open up time for new things.If you spend all day on the couch after school or work or you spend all of your waking weekend hours at parties， then you’re going to have very little time for self-discovery.40.（ ） So give room for discovering your talents！
A.Stay with others more.
B.Look back on your past.
C.Your talents can make you famous.
D.There are many ways to explore your talents.
E.Your talents will often lie in activities that you’ve not tried yet.
F.For example， you might love playing football or walking in nature.
G.Talents come in all shapes and sizes and extend into many areas of life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们如何才能发现自己的天赋或特长。
36.D 上文介绍发现天赋的好处，下文具体说明探索自己天赋的方法。故D项承上启下，符合语境。
37.G 根据上下文可知，该空与下文是总分关系，下文举例说明天赋有各种形式并延伸到生活的方方面面。故G项符合语境。
38.B 根据下文As you reflect on yourself in search of your talents， start by looking at your past.可知，要从回顾过去开始。故B项符合语境。
39.F 根据上句可知，该空与上一句内容是解释关系，具体举例说明。故F项符合语境。
40.E 根据上下文可知，你需要参加一些活动去发现自我，你的天赋也许就在你没有尝试过的活动中，因此要为发现自己的天赋留有空间。故E项承上启下，符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A school in Sarajevo is making headlines.The 41 began in September last year.Mirzana Coralic requested the primary school in her neighbourhood to 42 her six-year-old son， Zejd， who has a 43 disability.The teacher， Sanela Ljumanovic， accepted almost 44 ， but on the first day of school， she noticed Zejd sitting all by himself， unable to 45 with anyone.
Sanela， determined to find a（n） 46 ， tried developing a few tricks and signs.But a parent of another child 47 a better idea — getting the whole class to 48 sign language along with Zejd.They got a sign language teacher， and three months later， Zejd was happily able to communicate with all his classmates about 49 things like homework and games.
The other kids in the class are quite happy as well.“I 50 to learn Zejd’s language so I can talk to him and other deaf people，” said one of his classmates.Now， sign language is getting quite 51 at the primary school， with kids from other classes 52 to learn as well.It is hoped that it can be 53 as a part of the official course.
“Sign language is great because it 54 communication and also helps children become more 55 to people with disabilities，” said Sanela.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sarajevo一所学校一个班级的学生为了更好地与聋哑学生Zejd沟通，全班学生学会了手语。
41.A.report B.message
C.article D.story
解析：D 根据文章第一句和下文描述可知，本文讲述了Sarajevo一所学校的故事。
42.A.admit B.adopt
C.invite D.defend
解析：A 根据下文描述可知，因为Zejd有听力障碍，所以Mirzana Coralic请求她所在社区的小学接收她的儿子。
43.A.learning B.speech
C.hearing D.sight
解析：C 根据第三段中的learn Zejd’s language so I can talk to him and other deaf people可知，Zejd有听力障碍。
44.A.conditionally B.passively
C.personally D.immediately
解析：D 根据下文on the first day of school可知，Zejd很快就被学校接受了。
45.A.cooperate B.interact
C.compete D.stay
解析：B 根据下文They got a sign language teacher， and three months later， Zejd was happily able to communicate with ...可知，Zejd无法和别人互动交流。
46.A.solution B.explanation
C.theory D.alternative
解析：A 根据上文描述可知，Sanela发现Zejd不能和别人交流，于是下决心找一个解决办法。
47.A.selected B.imagined
C.presented D.favored
解析：C 根据空后的a better idea可知，另一个孩子家长提出了一个更好的主意帮助Zejd。
48.A.enjoy B.create
C.design D.learn
解析：D 根据下文可知，这个家长提议让全班同学一起学手语。
49.A.regular B.formal
C.complex D.professional
解析：A 根据下文like homework and games可知，家庭作业和游戏是很常规的事情。
50.A.afford B.like
C.prepare D.wait
解析：B 根据上文The other kids in the class are quite happy as well.可知，孩子们对学习手语很开心，所以一个孩子表示喜欢学习Zejd的手语。
51.A.popular B.confusing
C.challenging D.practical
解析：A 根据下文with kids from ... learn as well可知，因为其他班的孩子也开始尝试学习手语，手语在小学里越来越受欢迎。
52.A.failing B.hesitating
C.trying D.helping
解析：C 参见上题解析。
53.A.described B.known
C.defined D.included
解析：D 根据上文描述可知，因为手语在小学越来越受欢迎，所以人们希望能把手语作为正式课程的一部分。
54.A.enables B.shows
C.stresses D.represents
解析：D 手语的主要功能是与聋哑人沟通。
55.A.polite B.sensitive
C.adaptable D.thankful
解析：C 根据常识可知，学会手语能帮助孩子们更好与残疾人相处。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Eiffel Tower stands 984 feet high over the city of Paris.The tower is the second 56. （tall） building in Paris and one of the most-visited attractions in the world.The tower 57. （receive） its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.The tower is 324 metres tall， about the same 58. （high） as an 81-storey building.It has three levels for visitors， with restaurants on the first and second levels.
It is named after 59. engineer Gustave Eiffel， whose company designed and built the tower.It has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most well-known 60. （building） in the world.
61. took three hundred men two years to build it.It is made of fifteen thousand pieces of iron 62. （hold） together by 2.5 million rivets （铆钉）.Forty-seven tons of paint are needed 63. （cover） the tower， which remained the tallest building in the world until 1930， 64. the Chrysler Building， soon followed by the Empire State Building， was built in New York City.
The Eiffel Tower 65. （complete） in 1889 for the hundred-year anniversary of the French Revolution.Gustave Eiffel’s design won the competition from among the seven hundred pieces of works.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了法国著名的标志性建筑——埃菲尔铁塔。
56.tallest the second tallest building in Paris表示“巴黎第二高建筑”。
57.received 本句时间状语为in 2010，因此用一般过去时。
58.height 空前的the same暗示设空处需要填一个名词。
59.the 这里特指设计了埃菲尔铁塔的工程师Gustave Eiffel，因此用定冠词the。
60.buildings one of后面通常跟一个可数名词的复数形式。
61.It It takes sb some time to do sth 是一个固定句式，意为“花费某人一些时间做某事”。
62.held 这里表示上万块钢铁被铆钉连接到一起，因此用表被动的过去分词。
63.to cover 这里需要一个目的状语，因此填入动词不定式。
64.when 逗号前面的1930是先行词，因此填入关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句。
65.was completed 由于埃菲尔铁塔是“被建立和完工”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，国庆小长假你打算去北京旅游。请你根据下面表格给你的外国好友Peter写一封邮件，介绍你的旅行计划。
日期 景点
第一天 天安门和故宫
第二天 长城
第三天 颐和园
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter，
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
The weeklong National Day holiday is coming and I’ll pay a three-day visit to Beijing， the political and cultural center of China.I’d like to share with you my travel plan.
On the first day， I plan to visit the iconic Tiananmen Square and explore the majestic Forbidden City， which is home to Chinese emperors for centuries.On the second day， I’ll visit the Great Wall of China because one who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.On the third day， I’ll tour the Summer Palace， a vast imperial garden with beautiful lakes， pavilions， and bridges.
I believe this three-day trip will offer me a unique mix of historical landmarks， cultural experiences， and scenic beauty.Hope you’ll come to China one day！
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I began 2024， I planned to give a gift a day for the entire year.I also intended to keep track of the gifts in a colorful little journal.
Many of my gifts in 2023 involved reading to my two sons， especially at night.If I let them talk me into reading an extra chapter aloud before bedtime， I counted that as my gift of the day.Sometimes reading a picture book before we started our homeschool day was my daily gift； other times， I read to my boys at lunch.Good stories make great gifts， and reading aloud to my children creates beautiful memories.
Twice I left a few coins on an outdoor fountain for a stranger to find and toss into the water， casting a wish into the pool along with a penny or nickel.Other gifts I gave only once during the year， such as making a meal for a family with a newborn baby or baking a birthday cake for my husband.
One of my most repeated gifts throughout the year involved letting other customers go ahead of me in line at the grocery store.With a buggy full of food purchases and two little boys behind， I wanted to buy my groceries and get home.But when I noticed a person standing in line behind me with only a loaf of bread or a case of bottled water， I spotted a chance to put another’s needs before my own.
Throughout the year， I spoke with my children about my gift-giving， and they enjoyed hearing my stories.Sometimes my boys would ask me，“What was your gift today？” when we settled down for bedtime at night.
One day， when my sons and I stood in line at the store， organic vegetables and fruit snacks filling our cart， my older son motioned （示意） to me to lean down to him.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
He whispered in my ear， “There’s somebody in line behind us， and he has only two things to buy.”
Then I motioned to the customer behind us to take our place in line.
参考范文：
He whispered in my ear，“There’s somebody in line behind us， and he has only two things to buy.” I looked behind us， and sure enough， a man in a jean jacket stood there with only two items.I felt my smile stretch wide across my face as I realised that my boy had joined me in gift-giving.And he seized every chance to help others and experience the joy of giving.It’s true that a parent should not only teach by words but also influence by deeds.“You’ve done the right thing.Thanks for your reminding，” I told him.
Then I motioned to the customer behind us to take our place in line.Surprised and delighted， he said，“I really appreciate your kindness”.After the man left， we waited a few more minutes before loading our purchases onto the counter.The few extra minutes of wait time passed with my hardly realising it.They were minutes wisely invested.Although this act of giving didn’t qualify as something original or surprising， it remains one of my favorite gifts — and all because I saw how my choice to give had become part of my children’s lives as well.
16 / 16单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
一、核心单词
1. iconic adj. 符号的；图标的
2. joint n. 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节
adj. 联合的；共同的
3. premier adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的
n. 总理；首相
4. hollow adj. 中空的；空心的
5. straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的
6. slogan n. 标语；口号
7. entitle vt. 给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利
8. dive vi.& n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
9. sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办
n. （法案等的）倡议者；赞助者
10. liberty n. 自由
11. sample n. 样本；样品
12. monument n. 纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹
13. temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的
14. phase n. 阶段；时期
15. trunk n. 树干
16. session n. 一场；一段时间；会议
17. hatch vi. 孵出；破壳
vt. 使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋
18. capacity n. 能力；容量
19. fence n. 栅栏；围栏
20. prison n. 监狱；监禁
21. grand adj. 大；宏大的
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1.He used the cardboard box to make a temporary shelter for the kitten.
2.His anxiety about the work was just a passing phase .
3.He was put into prison because he blew up some government buildings in South Africa.
4.The tree trunk was hollow inside.
5.I don’t think it’s a straightforward examination question.
6.The exhibition was sponsored by the Society of Culture.
7.A monument is a large structure， which is built to remind people of an event in history.
8.We based our analysis on a random sample of more than 200 males.
9.He took a deep breath and dived into the water.
10.Villagers say the fence would restrict public access to the hills.
11.The ads helped Nike to achieve iconic status.
12.You will be entitled to your pension when you reach 60.
二、拓展词汇
1. foundation n.创建；基础；地基→found vt.创立，建立；创办
2. political adj.政治的→politics n.政治，政治学
3. located adj.位于→location n.位置→locate vt.把……设置在；把……建造在
4. bakery n.面包（糕饼）店；面包厂→bake vt.烤，烘焙
5. vibrate vt.& vi.（使）振动→vibration n.振动；心灵感应
6. freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj.免费的；自由的，不受约束的 vt.使自由，解放；释放
7. distribution n.分布；分配；分发→distribute vt.分发；分送；分配
8. licensed adj.得到正式许可的→license vt.批准；许可n.许可证；执照
9. frequency n.发生率；重复率；（声波或电磁波振动的）频率→frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的
10. violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n.暴力；暴行
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Traffic accidents in this area are taking place with increasing frequency （frequent）.
2.She was in a violent （violence） temper and began throwing things about.
3.She is old enough to have the freedom （free） to do what she likes.
4.They studied the geographical distribution （distribute） of the disease.
5.The first thing he looked at was his office’s location （locate）.
6.China is playing an important role on the international political （politics） stage.
7.We could feel the vibrations （vibrate） from the trucks passing outside.
8.Respect and friendship provide a solid foundation （found） for marriage.
三、重点短语
1. make an impression on 给……留下印象
2. do some research on 对……做一些研究
3. refer to ...as ... 把……称为……
4. major in 主修
5. on the other hand 另一方面
6. lead to 导致
7. be native to 原产于……
8. be in close contact with 与……保持密切联系
9. breathe in 吸气
10. make up 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好
11. play a part in 在……中起作用
12. feel at home 感到自在
13. a flock of 一群（羊或鸟）
14. a handful of 少数人（或物）；一把（的量）
15. because of 因为
16. as well as 和……一样好；既……又……；除……之外（也），还有
17. pick up 拿起；提起；拾起；学会
18. make sure 确保
19. come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1.Children， when exposed to an English-speaking atmosphere， will pick up the language much more easily.
2.He thought he would be rejected from the factory because of his poor health.
3.Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible to the kids.
4.Whenever we come across new words， we may refer to the dictionary.
5.In addition， anxiety and worry can lead to sickness.
6.I want to go to the party， but on the other hand I ought to prepare for the competition.
7.Thirty boys and twenty girls make up the class.
8.As we know， koalas are native to Australia.
9.Teams who work on different areas are placed to be in close contact with their regional sales directors.
10.He had a genius for making people feel at home .
四、经典句式
1.It is/was time （for sb） to do sth是（某人）该做某事的时候了
It’s almost time for me to say goodbye （差不多是我说再见的时候了） to Australia.
2.it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语
It is said that （据说） now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
3.what引导主语从句
Personally speaking， what I like most about Australia （澳大利亚让我最喜欢的） is the people themselves.
4.while引导让步状语从句
While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird （虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵）， it’s really a primitive mammal， with a unique biology.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. It’s time for us to take immediate measures to protect our Earth from being polluted.
是我们立即采取措施保护我们的地球不受污染的时候了。
2. It is reported that the robot can finish whatever it is told to do.
据报道，这个机器人可以完成一切指令。
3. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
曾经被认为不可能的事情，现在已经变成了事实。
4. While the students came from different countries ，they got along quite well in the summer camp.
尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得很好。
3 / 4Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
过去分词
①Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe， it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
②...I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture， food， and way of life.
③Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground， among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
④A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
⑤I tried to learn how to play it， but after trying for hours， I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！
⑥Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture， minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture， with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
【我的发现】
以上句子中的加蓝部分，句①中为过去分词短语作状语，通常放在 句首 ；句②和句⑤中为过去分词作 表语 ；句④中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的 前面 ；句③和句⑥中为过去分词短语作定语，常常放在被修饰名词的 后面 。
一、过去分词作定语
1.及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动。
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers 浇过水的花
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
2.单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我的女儿。
名师点津
过去分词作定语和动词-ing形式作定语的区别：
（1）语态不同：过去分词表示被动；动词-ing形式表示主动。
The question discussed was very important.
被讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The boy speaking at the meeting is Tom’s brother.
正在会上发言的那个男孩是汤姆的弟弟。
（2）时间关系上不同：动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
3.过去分词、动词-ing形式的被动语态与动词不定式的被动语态作定语的区别：
意义 形式 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 将来
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
【即时演练1】 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷） Not the pandas， even though the language used （use） for the medical training instructions is actually English.
②The players selected （select） from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.
③Tell the children playing （play） outside not to make too much noise.
④After the flag was raised， one student delivered a speech titled （title） “My Chinese Dream”.
⑤Before the contest， colorful performances given （give） by students were more than attractive.
二、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
She looked disappointed.
她看上去很失望。
We were encouraged at the news.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
3.感觉类及物动词的动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别：
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其动词-ing形式表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词形式含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词如下：
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging， which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
名师点津
有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有delighted、 drunk、amused、 disappointed、 discouraged、 astonished、 hurt、 interested、 crowded、 tired、 satisfied、 pleased、 surprised、 worried、 excited、 married、 puzzled、 upset等。
【即时演练2】 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Ecotourism is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated （educate） about the areas.
②In April，thousands of holiday makers remained stuck （stick） due to the earthquake.
③One of my classmates got injured （injure） accidentally and without hesitation Mrs Wu took him to hospital for medical treatment.
④They want to apply for the position， but they are afraid of getting rejected （reject）.
⑤You must follow the directions exactly and if you become confused （confuse）， you must take the time to go back again and reread them.
⑥It feels quite relaxing （relax） to take a bath after work.
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的状态或性质，与宾语一起构成复合宾语，它前面的宾语就是其逻辑主语，作宾语补足语的多是及物动词。
（1）过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作。
（2）过去分词作宾语补足语时，所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
2.能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下三类：
（1）make、 get、 have、 keep等使役动词；
（2）see、 hear、 feel、 find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词；
（3）like、 want、 wish、 order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词。
When will you go to the hospital and have your teeth examined？
你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？
She saw the thief caught by policemen.
她看见小偷被警察抓住了。
The manager doesn’t like such questions discussed at the meeting.
经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。
3.“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
With the key lost， he had to wait outside the door.
由于钥匙丢了，他只好在门外等候。
With his homework done， he started to watch TV.
作业完成后，他开始看电视。
4.过去分词作宾语补足语时，应注意以下几种情况：
（1）使役动词have接过去分词作宾语补足语时有两种情况：
①过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成；
②过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。
He had his money stolen.
他的钱被偷了。（被别人偷去了）
He had his leg broken.
他的腿断了。（自己的经历）
（2）过去分词作宾语补足语时，如果变为被动语态，那么过去分词在句中就作主语补足语。
Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
在这所学校，几乎见不到学生被惩罚。
【即时演练3】 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①But that’s how nature is — always leaving us astonished （astonish）.
②They make great gifts and you see them decorated （decorate） with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
③The steward was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned （clean） and everything arranged （arrange） in a perfect order.
④The villagers saw the fire burning （burn） brightly in the distance.When they hurried there， they found some houses burned/burnt （burn） to the ground already.
⑤Before driving into the city， you are required to have your car washed （wash）.
四、过去分词作状语
1.过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。
Greatly interested， I asked how he played these new works.
因为非常感兴趣，我问他是如何演奏这些新作品的。
Given good health， I hope to finish the work this year.
如果身体好，我希望今年完成这项工作。
The scientist Tu Youyou came in， followed by her assistant.
科学家屠呦呦进来了，后面跟着她的助手。
When seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
2.过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。
（1）表示时间，可转换为when、 while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
Accepted by the Party， he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
＝When he was accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
（2）表示原因，可转换为as、 since或because等引导的原因状语从句。
Deeply moved by the story， the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
＝Because they were deeply moved by the story， the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.
激动的人们被那个故事深深地打动了，停止了互相争吵。
（3）表示条件，可转换为if、 once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Heated， water can be turned into water vapour.
＝If it is heated， water can be turned into water vapour.
水如果被加热，就会变成水蒸气。
（4）表示让步，可转换为although、 though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running， they went on running after the robber.
＝Although they were exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶那个劫匪。
（5）表示方式或伴随情况，一般可转换为并列结构。
The old man went into the room， supported by his wife.
＝The old man was supported by his wife and went into the room.
那位老人在妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
3.连词＋过去分词
过去分词作状语时，为了明确其意义有时可在过去分词前加上when、 while、 if、 once、 unless、 although、 as if等连词，相当于省略形式的状语从句。
If merely based on your imagination， the report will not be convincing.
如果仅基于你的想象，报告是不会有说服力的。
名师点津
有些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有lost （迷路）、 seated （坐）、 hidden （躲）、 stationed （驻扎）、 lost/absorbed in （沉溺于）、 born （出生）、 dressed in （穿着）、 tired of （厌烦）。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought， he didn’t hear the sound.
沉溺于思考之中，他没听到那个声音。
Born in this beautiful town， he hates to leave it.
出生在这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开。
【即时演练4】 同义句转换/单句语法填空
①Given another chance， he will do better.
→ If he is given another chance， he will do better.
②Laughed at by many people， he continued his study.
→ Although/Though he was laughed at by many people， he continued his study.
③Satisfied with what he did， the teacher praised him in class.
→ Because the teacher was satisfied with what he did， she praised him in class.
④（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷） Encouraged （encourage） by his words， I agreed to give it a try.
⑤ Welcomed （welcome） by Jennifer and her parents with open arms， he felt very excited （excite）.
entitle vt.给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利
【教材原句】 Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage. 在中国，少数民族经常有权从政府获得特别基金，来帮助保护他们的文化遗产。
【用法】
（1）be entitled to （do） sth 获得权利做某事 be entitled sth （书、戏剧等）名为…… entitle sb to sth 给予某人某种权利；使某人有资格获得某事物或做某事 （2）entitlement n. 授权；有资格
【佳句】 I feel very honoured to stand here and deliver a speech entitled “My Ideal Career”.
我很荣幸站在这里发表题为“我的理想职业”的演讲。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The novel entitled （entitle） Journey to the West is so attractive that he can’t tear himself away from it.
②It is well known that everyone is entitled to their own opinion.
③They lose their entitlement （entitle） to welfare when they start work.
【写美】 完成句子
④Your qualifications entitle you to a higher salary .
你的资历使你有资格获得更高的薪水。
freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态
【教材原句】 Unfortunately， elephants are endangered in Thailand， but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.
不幸的是，在泰国大象濒临灭绝，但为了保护它们的安全和自由，（人们）建立了专门的公园。
【用法】
（1）freedom of ... ……的自由 freedom to do ... 做……的自由 freedom from ... 没有……的情况；不受……影响的状态 （2）free adj. 自由的；不受……影响的；免费的 keep ...free from/of 使……免受（影响、伤害等） （3）freely adv. 自由地；随意地
【佳句】 From my point of view， being a grown-up means more responsibilities instead of more freedom.
在我看来，作为一个成年人意味着更多的责任而不是更多的自由。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①At one time， I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me， so I hoped I could have freedom from them.
②Mr Brown works hard to keep his families free from/of worries in their lives.
【写美】 完成句子
③We， therefore， come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
因此，我们得出结论：世界上没有什么东西和自由一样珍贵。
维度一：基础题型练
1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷） Excited （excite） to look around， I didn’t spot my social studies teacher in the crowd so I decided to meet him afterwards and knew why.
2.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）At the sight of my coming， he didn’t stop laughing， which made me feel confused （confuse）.
3.Although many of the stones have fallen out， the monument remains very well preserved （preserve）.
4.The teacher couldn’t make himself paid （pay） attention to because his teaching manner was unattractive.
5.With all of his work finished （finish）， Mike was allowed to go home earlier than usual.
6. Designed （design） very cleverly to fit into corners， the shelf doesn’t take up much room.
7. Compared （compare） to big companies， the smaller ones are faced with more challenges.
8.Unless invited （invite） to speak， you should remain silent at the conference.
9.The company made （make） up of more than thirty branches all over the country is facing a serious financial crisis.
维度二：语法与写作
1.随着假期临近，我的同学们变得越来越兴奋。（过去分词作表语）
With the holiday approaching，my classmates are becoming more and more excited.
2.因为担心即将到来的考试，有些同学学习到深夜。（过去分词短语作状语）
Worried about the coming exam，some students study until midnight.
3.我的同桌不想浪费时间，所以他经常让人把饭带到教室里来。（过去分词作宾语补足语）
My deskmate doesn’t want to waste time， so he often has meals brought to the classroom.
4.他经常做一些从网上下载的练习题。（过去分词短语作定语）
He often does some exercises downloaded from the Internet.
5.我感到非常荣幸能做一个有关如何提高英语口语的演讲。（过去分词作表语）
I feel greatly honored to deliver a speech on how to improve oral English.
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给词的适当形式完成下面短文。
The Eiffel Tower， 1. known （know） as the most famous landmark in France， is one of the most 2. visited （visit） monuments in the world.But it wasn’t always so popular.In fact， in 1886， just after its construction was first 3. proposed （propose）， many were strongly against it.At that time， it would be the tallest building ever 4. built （build） in the world， and many claimed it would destroy the skyline of Paris， or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks.The chief engineer， Gustave Eiffel， replied 5. saying （say） that such a large monument was necessary 6. to symbolise （symbolise） the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering， industry， and science.The next year， Eiffel gained approval and the tower was built in time 7. to celebrate （celebrate） the 1889 World Fair in Paris.8. Looking （look） carefully at the tower， you can see the names of the 72 scientists， engineers， and mathematicians who helped in its construction.While 9. planned （plan） to be taken down after 20 years， it 10. proved （prove） to be too useful as a communications tower， not to mention a giant advertisement board， before finally becoming the iconic attraction that we all know today.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·临沂高二下期末）In the closing years of the Sui Dynasty， a major flood occurred on the Xiao River outside the city of Zhaozhou， which caused the collapse of a large stone bridge which had already been rebuilt many times.
At this time Li Chun， the most famous local engineer， was extremely puzzled and annoyed： The great stone bridge had been rebuilt many times， but still it could not withstand the force of the flood！ But it had to be rebuilt once more.
Li Chun carefully examined the original blueprint of the bridge.The old bridge had been built on stone supports， which had weakened as time went by， until the bridge collapsed.If there were no supports， the flood waters would flow past the bridge unimpeded （畅通的）， and the bridge would not collapse.But in that case the arch of the bridge would have to be very high， and it would be very inconvenient for the people to climb up and down steep slopes.Li Chun shook his head， and decided against this method.
The news that Li Chun had come across a difficulty spread throughout the city.The local people began to grumble：“It seems that a bridge cannot be built here.Only Lu Ban could build this bridge.” These grumbles came to the ears of Li Chun， causing him much upset.So he labored day and night to work out a solution.
Suddenly， he had a flash of inspiration！ “Why did the arch have to be so high？ Instead of semicircular， the arch could be bow-shaped.And there would only need to be one big arch， supported at each end by two small ones.That way， there would be no need for stone supports.In times of flooding the flood waters would flow through the four small arches， lessening the impact on the bridge.Wouldn’t such a bridge be safer？”
The bridge was finally built.It was not only safe and convenient， but it also had a special elegance.Now， this new stone bridge has become the representative of China’s arched bridges.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。赵州桥是一座位于河北省石家庄市赵县城南洨河之上的石拱桥。赵州桥始建于隋代，由匠师李春设计建造，是世界上现存年代久远、跨度最大、保存最完整的单孔坦弧敞肩石拱桥。
1.Why did Li Chun feel puzzled and annoyed？（ ）
A.There was no money to build a new bridge.
B.The local officials refused to build a new bridge.
C.No bridge had been built on the Xiao River.
D.The bridge was damaged repeatedly on the Xiao River.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，让李春困惑烦恼的是，洨河之上的石拱桥反复修建、反复被洪水冲毁。
2.What’s the problem with Li Chun’s first plan？（ ）
A.It was not practical enough. B.It would cost a lot of money.
C.The bridge would be too high. D.The bridge would not be strong.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，按照李春最初的方案，该石拱桥没有桥墩，但是桥的拱顶必须很高，人们在陡峭的斜坡上爬上爬下很不方便。
3.What made Li Chun feel upset according to Paragraph 4？（ ）
A.Failing to get financial support.
B.Some bridges’ being destroyed.
C.People’s lacking confidence in him.
D.Not being able to reach his goal.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，人们开始抱怨：“看来这里不能建桥了。只有鲁班才能建造这座桥。”显然人们对李春丧失了信心，这让李春感到很郁闷。
4.What can we learn about Zhaozhou Bridge？（ ）
A.It had two big arches.
B.Its arch was semicircular.
C.It had two stone supports.
D.It was over 1，400 years old.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，赵州桥始建于隋朝，距今有超过1，400年的历史；它采用了弓形，而不是半圆形；它没有桥墩，只有一个圆弧拱。
B
（2024·浙江四校高二下联考）Depending on who you ask， our teachers are either some of the best paid in the world， or they’re underpaid.
Here are the facts： Australian teachers get a very handsome starting salary， but their pay quickly falls behind that of other professionals.
The starting full-time salary for a classroom teacher in most Australian states is between $65，000 and $70，000.That’s reasonably competitive with the starting salary of a graduate with an engineering， commerce， or law degree.
The trouble is that teachers’ pay doesn’t rise much with age or expertise.The pay scale for a classroom teacher stops rising after about nine years， while the incomes of their university educated peers in other professions keep rising well into their 30s and 40s.
It’s not like this in every country.Other countries reward excellent teachers with higher pay relative to other professionals.So while Australia’s pay for young secondary teachers is in the top half of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development （OECD） countries， Australia’s pay for older secondary teachers is in the bottom half.
Teachers’ pay matters.Most young people who did well at school are interested in becoming a teacher — but most of them are turned off by the big financial sacrifices teaching involves.
A Grattan Institute survey of almost 1，000 young high achievers （aged 18－25 and with an ATAR of 80 or higher） found about 70% said they would be willing to give teaching a go.But university enrolment data show that only about 3% of high achievers actually choose teaching for their undergraduate studies.
Our new report， attracting high achievers to teaching， proposes a $1.6 billion-a-year reform package for government schools to double the number of high-achieving young people who choose to become teachers within a decade.
If governments were to carry it out， it would send a strong message to Australia’s best and brightest — if you want a challenging career where expertise is celebrated and paid accordingly， choose teaching.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚教师的工资水平如何呢？本文就此话题进行了说明和探讨。
5.What’s the problem with teachers’ pay in Australia？（ ）
A.It starts low.
B.It grows very slowly.
C.It doesn’t keep growing.
D.It isn’t distributed equally.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，澳大利亚教师刚开始的工资是比较高的，但是到后来就慢慢停滞不涨了。
6.What can we learn about the high achievers in Australia？（ ）
A.Few of them become teachers.
B.Most of them choose teaching.
C.Most of them work in governments.
D.Few of them show interest in teaching.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，其实澳大利亚的很多年轻人对教师行业很感兴趣，但是因为经济原因很少有人去当教师。
7.What’s the purpose of the reform package？（ ）
A.To support the poor students.
B.To increase old teachers’ salary.
C.To attract more excellent teachers.
D.To improve educational environment.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，澳大利亚这一改革计划的目的是吸引更多优秀的年轻人来当教师。
8.What attitude does the author take to teachers’ pay in Australia？（ ）
A.Very confident. B.Deeply worried.
C.Quite confused. D.A little dissatisfied.
解析：D 观点态度题。综合全文可知，作者对澳大利亚教师的工资情况并不满意。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·石家庄高二下质检）In July 1976， the United States had a holiday.It was the two-hundredth anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence.9.（ ） In New York City， there were fireworks， parades， and speeches.Right in the middle of it all stood that towering symbol of American freedom — the Statue of Liberty！
The statue’s real name is Liberty Enlightening the World， but it’s often called Lady Liberty or the Statue of Liberty.10.（ ） It’s made of copper and is mostly hollow， with a metal support structure inside and stairs so visitors can walk up into its crown.Today about four million people visit the Statue of Liberty every year.
Like the American flag， the statue is shown on army posters and on postage stamps.A picture of the torch is on the ten dollar bill.Advertisers have used it to sell everything from soap to hamburgers.11.（ ）
Since 1886， the statue has offered a message of hope to immigrants coming to America.From the late 1800s into the 1900s， millions came from other countries.Most were very poor and most came from Europe.They crossed the Atlantic Ocean on steamships.As the majority of those ships sailed into New York Harbor， one of the first landmarks they saw was the Statue of Liberty.12.（ ） At last they had reached America， land of liberty， where they hoped to start a new and better life.
Surprisingly， the Statue of Liberty was not the United States’ idea.13.（ ） A French professor first proposed the idea， a French sculptor designed the statue， and a French engineer designed its inner framework.Americans were not even sure they wanted the statue at first.
A.It was a gift from the people of France.
B.The statue is huge — 151 feet and 1 inch tall.
C.They would cheer and sometimes cry with joy.
D.All over the country， towns and cities celebrated.
E.It is widely believed to be the gateway to America.
F.It’s one of the most well-known buildings in the world.
G.It has even had roles in movies such as Independence Day， and Superman Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国的标志性建筑——自由女神像。
9.D 上下文都在介绍美国的一次庆典——纪念《独立宣言》签署200周年，故D项符合语境。
10.B 本段介绍了自由女神像在构造等方面的一些细节，故B项符合语境。
11.G 本段主要介绍了自由女神像的广泛影响，G项是其影响的一个具体例证，符合语境。
12.C 本段介绍了18世纪末到19世纪欧洲等地人们移民到美国的情景，C项是他们刚到美国看到自由女神像时的反应，符合语境。
13.A 上句说建自由女神像不是美国人的主意，A项承接上文，说明它是法国人的杰作。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I was once a dropout （辍学生）.I know how powerfully a 14 can influence the life of a person who does not 15 herself.I quit school at sixteen to work.Years later， I had a（n） 16 and couldn’t work for months.With an unemployable father and a mentally ill mother to support， I couldn’t 17 to give up.
Searching the ads， I found a notice that our local community college offered free work 18 .One requirement was a high-school diploma or GED certificate.Years ago， I got my GED certificate， but with 19 scores.After my physical injury healed， I went to meet Ruby Martin， the advisor who would 20 me.
Feeling uncertain about the result， I sat 21 waiting while Mrs Martin looked over my score sheet.I was 22 to hear her blame me for wasting her valuable time.She looked at me for a long moment before she spoke.
“Why did you apply for this 23 ？” she asked.“Why aren’t you applying to college？”
With my face burning with 24 ， I could only whispered，“Because I am 25 .”
For the next hour， she explained that my 26 were very high indeed.She assured me that I was not only not stupid， but that I would 27 an excellent candidate for the training program.
I regained my 28 .Later， I got a bachelor’s degree and became a teacher just like her.To teach is to touch a life.It was Ruby Martin who touched my life forever.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。高中辍学的作者在一位素不相识的老师的鼓励下重新点燃自信，最终也成为一名老师。
14.A.motto B.parent
C.friend D.teacher
解析：D 根据最后一段中的I got a bachelor’s degree and became a teacher just like her可知，作者是在一位老师的鼓励下改变了人生道路。
15.A.comment on B.believe in
C.rely on D.turn down
解析：B 根据第二、三段内容可知，作者认为自己的GED分数低，所以自己笨，没有自信申请大学，因此她是不相信自己的能力。
16.A.disease B.patient
C.accident D.baby
解析：C 根据第二段中的After my physical injury healed可知，作者因意外而受伤不能工作。
17.A.wait B.help
C.afford D.agree
解析：C 根据上文可知，作者要挣钱赡养父母，所以她不能放弃。
18.A.opportunities B.experience
C.certificates D.training
解析：D 根据倒数第二段末句中for the training program可知，作者申请参加免费的工作培训项目。
19.A.high B.low
C.special D.passing
解析：B 根据but的转折以及下文的stupid可知，作者认为自己考的分数低。
20.A.assess B.employ
C.challenge D.accept
解析：A 根据下文可知，Ruby Martin查看作者的成绩册，评估作者是否可以参加这个项目。
21.A.excitedly B.curiously
C.nervously D.comfortably
解析：C 根据上下文可知，因为作者认为自己分数低，不知道能不能被录取，所以很紧张。
22.A.desperate B.prepared
C.sorry D.disappointed
解析：B 根据上文可知，作者认为只是抱着试一试的想法来参加面试，所以已经做好了不被录取的准备。
23.A.program B.university
C.job D.degree
解析：A 根据下文中的for the training program可知，老师问作者为什么要参加这个培训项目，而不是申请上大学。
24.A.excitement B.anger
C.cold D.shame
解析：D 根据上文可知，作者认为自己分数低，所以感觉羞愧。
25.A.poor B.tired
C.stupid D.disabled
解析：C 根据下文中的She assured me that I was not only not stupid可知，作者说自己很笨。
26.A.salaries B.positions
C.scores D.expectations
解析：C 根据上文老师问她为什么不申请上大学可知，老师认为作者的分数是很高的。
27.A.make B.meet
C.employ D.affect
解析：A 根据语境可知，作者GED分数很高，智力很好，所以会成为一个优秀的培训项目的候选人。
28.A.dignity B.fame
C.balance D.confidence
解析：D 作者以前认为自己笨，没有自信，后来得到学位而且成了老师，由此说明她恢复了自信。
Ⅳ.语法填空
To welcome the arrival of “World Tai Chi Day” in 2024， the China Cultural Center in Paris 29. （special） held a 24-position Tai Chi workshop in the “Chinese Story” series of lectures on 27 April.
Senior Tai Chi teacher and martial arts coach Zhang Jianyong and martial arts teacher John Huynh jointly 30. （teach） the theoretical essence and essential movements， the twenty-four postures of Tai Chi.
18 Tai Chi 31. （lover） from both France and Switzerland travelled to attend the class.
The twenty-four postures of Tai Chi are a comprehensive routine 32. collects the essence of Tai Chi and is continuously modified （修正） from consistent practice.
Zhang explained 33. detail the ideological soul and technical essentials of Tai Chi， as each move embodies the essence of the combination， mutual balance and close connection of yin and yang.
Sébastien Lalardie， an information engineer， got 34. （involve） with Chinese martial arts 17 years ago.He said that the workshop was very successful.35. he has practiced Tai Chi for many years， the course also taught him more than he has learned.Tai Chi is an endless source of knowledge.He hopes that the center will continue 36. （hold） Chinese martial arts workshops.
World Tai Chi Day， which falls on the last Saturday of April， 37. （celebrate） in Paris for 12 years.Tai Chi， 38. centuries-old Chinese martial art characterized by gentle movement exercises， has been widely accepted by people around the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。为迎接2024年“世界太极日”的到来，位于巴黎的中国文化中心于4月27日特别举办了“中国故事”系列讲座中的24式太极工作坊。
29.specially 本空后面是谓语动词held，因此这里应用副词来修饰它。
30.taught 根据上下文可知，这里应用一般过去时。
31.lovers 这里表示18名太极爱好者，因此应用可数名词lover的复数形式。
32.which/that 本空前面的a comprehensive routine是先行词，这里由关系代词which/that引导一个定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语。
33.in in detail是固定短语，表示“详细地”。
34.involved get/become/be involved in表示“参与”。
35.Although/Though/While 这里前后两个分句之间是转折关系，因此用从属连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。
36.to hold/holding continue to do sth/continue doing sth表示“继续做某事”。
37.has been celebrated 本句时间状语为for 12 years，且表示“被庆祝”，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
38.a 这里表示“太极拳是一种具有数百年历史的中国武术”，因此用不定冠词a来修饰后面的名词martial art。
15 / 15
