【培优方案】UNIT 1  Honesty and responsibility(单元新知随身记)(教师版)英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)

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名称 【培优方案】UNIT 1  Honesty and responsibility(单元新知随身记)(教师版)英语选择性必修第四册(译林版)
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版本资源 牛津译林版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2026-03-19 00:00:00

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Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage, Integrated skills, Extended reading & Other parts
1.the Earth’s core   地核
2.the children’s ward   儿科病房
3.mineral exploration  矿产勘探
4.a superb medical expert  一名卓越的医学专家
5.wrap the parcel in brown paper  用牛皮纸把包裹包好
6.bow head in shame  羞愧地低下头
7.sewing machine  缝纫机
8.during the first/next/last phase在第一/下一/最后阶段
9.encourage others to do likewise鼓励别人也这样做
10.the deadline for applications   交申请书的截止日期
11.find fault with the work  找工作上的过错
12.behave with integrity  行为表现诚实正直
13. organic cheese/vegetables/wine, etc.  有机奶酪/蔬菜/酒等
14.starfish, sea horses or seaweed   海星、海马或海草
1.cheat vt.欺骗,蒙骗 vi.作弊,舞弊
The clerk is accused of attempting to cheat the customers.
店员被指控企图蒙骗顾客。
2.nephew n.侄子,外甥
When I arrived, my nephews made a big fuss of me.
我到达的时候,侄子们围着我嘘寒问暖。
3. disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的
As the twins looked disappointed, their father appeared.
当双胞胎感到失望时,他们的父亲出现了。 (读后续写之情感描写)
4.wrinkle n.皱纹;褶皱,皱痕 vt. & vi.(使脸上)起皱纹,皱起
The old man’s face was covered with wrinkles.
老人的脸布满了皱纹。 (读后续写之人物描写)
5.pretend vi.& vt.假装;装扮,扮作;自诩,自认为
I really hope you can adjust your emotion and don’t pretend to be happy every day.
我真的希望你能调整你的情绪,不要每天都假装很开心。 (应用文写作之建议信)
6.virtue n.美德;正直的品性;优点
Modesty is a kind of virtue.
谦虚是一种美德。
7.discouraged adj.灰心的
I quietly said, “David, don’t be discouraged.Believe in yourself and pull yourself together!”
我轻声地说:“大卫,不要气馁。相信自己,振作起来!” (读后续写之语言描写)
8.garbage n.垃圾;废话
For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a cleaner environment.
例如,在你的社区附近捡垃圾有助于清洁环境。
9.sow vt.& vi.(sowed, sown) 播种,种
The fields around had been sown with wheat.
周围的田地里种上了小麦。
10.harvest n.收成,收获量;收获季节,收割 vt. & vi.收割,捕猎
Farmers are extremely busy during the harvest.
农民在收获季节里十分忙碌。
1.bonus n.意外收获;奖金,红利
①Being able to walk to work is an added bonus of the new job. n.意外收获
②Workers in big firms receive an extra pay in the form of bonuses and overtime. n.奖金
2.quote n.引语 vt. & vi.引用,引述;举例说明;报价,开价
①They quoted us £3,000 for installing the equipment. vt.& vi.报价,开价
②Can you quote me an instance of when this happened? vt.举例说明
③The article starts with a quote from an unnamed writer. n.引语
④He quoted a passage from the minister’s speech. vt.& vi.引用,引述
1.geophysicist n.地球物理学家→geophysics n.地球物理;地球物理学→geophysical adj.地球物理学的
2.socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→social adj.社会的,社会上的;社交的,交际的→society n.社会;学会;协会;社团
3.resign vt.& vi.辞职,辞去→resignation n.辞职;辞呈
4.substantial adj.大量的,价值巨大的;结实的,牢固的→substantially adv.实质上;大体上;充分地→substantiality n.实体;实质性
5.photographer n.摄影师,拍照者→photograph n.照片,相片 vt.拍照,照相→photography n.摄影;摄影术
6.guilty adj.感到内疚的,感到惭愧的;有罪的,有过失的→guilt n.内疚,悔恨;犯罪,罪行;罪责,罪过
7.ashamed adj.惭愧,羞愧,尴尬→shame n.羞愧;羞愧感;让人遗憾的事 vt.使羞愧;使丢脸
8.forgive vt.& vi.原谅,宽恕;免除(债务)→forgiveness n.原谅,宽恕
9.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的→disappoint vt.使人失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望;让人失望的人或事
10.mercy n.仁慈,宽恕→merciful adj.仁慈的,慈悲的,宽大为怀的
11.guidance n.指导;导航→guide n.指导;引路 n.向导
12.fault n.过错,责任;弱点,缺点→faulty adj.有错误的;有缺陷的
13.organic adj.有机的,统一的;绿色的,不使用化肥的;生物的→organically adv.有机地;有组织地
14.discouraged adj.灰心的→discourage vt.阻拦,阻止,劝阻;使灰心,使泄气,使丧失信心→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouragement n.泄气;使人泄气的人或事
15.saving n.节省物,节省;储蓄金→save vt.节省;保存;储蓄;解救
1.at the mercy of sb/sth 任……处置,对……无能为力
2.weigh on sb/sth  使焦虑不安,加重……的思想负担
3.bear the heavy burden of responsibility  承担沉重的责任
4.resign one’s post  辞职
5.feel guilty (about)  (对……)感到内疚,惭愧
6.be ashamed of  对……感到羞愧
7.embrace the next phase of one’s life  拥抱某人人生的下一个阶段
8.live a lie  过骗人的生活,为人虚伪
9.practise core socialist values  践行社会主义核心价值观
10.tear off the wrapping paper   撕下包装纸
1.句型公式:“疑问词+-ever”引导的从句
教材原句:Always give your best in whatever you set out to do, however difficult that might be.
无论你们打算做什么,无论会有多困难,都要全力以赴去做。
2.句型公式:so that引导结果状语从句
教材原句:So, dear students, take your first step into the adult world by accepting your responsibilities, so that adulthood will be an enjoyable and rewarding experience for both you and those around you.
所以,亲爱的学生们,将承担责任作为你们迈入成人世界的第一步吧。这样对于你们和你们周围的人来说,成年都将是一段愉快而有益的经历。
3.句型公式:祈使句+and+陈述句
教材原句:Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子,明天你们的收获将是巨大的。
3 / 3附:单元新知随身记
UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
1.white collar    白领阶层
2.an inch high/long/wide  1英寸高/长/宽
3.the basic principle  基本原理/原则
4.ordinary, decent, hard-working people  勤劳、正派的普通人
1.jaw n.下巴;颌
Her jaw was set in a determined manner.
她的下巴紧绷着,一副决不动摇的样子。 (读后续写之神态描写)
2. diamond n.钻石
Her big eyes shone like diamonds.
她的大眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发亮。 (读后续写之人物描写)
3.reliable adj.可信赖的,可依靠的;真实可信的,可靠的
Uncle Li is a reliable and hard-working farmer.
李叔叔是一位可靠而又勤劳的农民。 (应用文写作之人物介绍)
4.worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等),重要的,令人愉快的
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.
她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。 (读后续写之主旨升华)
5.bless vt.(表示惊奇);祝福
I was blessed with a happy childhood, one that most people would want to have.
我有幸拥有一个幸福的童年,一个多数人想拥有的童年。 (读后续写之主旨升华)
6.suspect vt.& vi.疑有,觉得n.嫌疑犯,可疑对象
I suspected his motives in offering to help.
我怀疑他主动提供帮助的动机。 (读后续写之心理描写)
7.arrest n.& vt.逮捕,拘捕
He was under arrest because of theft.
他因盗窃被逮捕。
8.anyhow adv.不过,总之;尽管;而且;随便地
I’m afraid we can’t come, but thanks for the invitation anyhow.
恐怕我们来不了,不过还是感谢邀请。
1.outline vt.概述,略述 n.概述;轮廓线,略图
①In darkness, they could only see the outline of the building. n.轮廓线
②In view of the limit of time, I’d like to outline my plan to reduce fuel consumption. vt.概述,略述
③One good way to master the ideas of an article is to make an outline of it. n.概述
2.wire vt.给(某人)打电报;接通(电源) n.金属丝;电线;铁丝网
①Don’t touch that wire or you’ll get a shock. n.金属丝;电线
②As soon as the equipment is wired up, you can use it. vt.接通(电源)
③He wired his parents his flight number and arrival time. vt.给(某人)打电报
3. innocent adj.无辜的,清白的,无罪的;天真无邪的,纯真的 n.无辜者,单纯的人
①Schubert was first an innocent and simple man and then a genius composer. adj.天真无邪的
②In the end the contrary was proved true: he was innocent and his wife was guilty. adj.无辜的,无罪的
1.barely adv.刚好;仅仅,勉强可能;几乎不;刚才→bare adj.裸体的,裸露的;(树木)光秃秃的,(土地)荒芜的;无遮盖的,没有保护的;空的;最基本的,最简单的 vt.揭开;脱掉(衣服)
2.appointment n.约定,约会;任命,委任;职务→appoint vt.安排,确定(时间、地点);任命,委派→appointed adj.约定的,指定的
3.reliable adj.可信赖的,可依靠的;真实可信的,可靠的→rely vi.依赖,依靠→reliability n.可靠性
4.bless vt.(表示惊奇);祝福→blessing n.幸事,幸运;祝福,福分
5.suspect vt.& vi.疑有,觉得 n.嫌疑犯,可疑对象→suspicious adj.怀疑的;猜疑的→suspicion n.怀疑,猜疑;嫌疑
6.criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯法的,犯罪的;刑事的;不道德的→crime n.罪行,犯罪行为
7.innocent adj.无辜的,清白的,无罪的;天真无邪的,纯真的 n.无辜者,单纯的人→innocence n.清白,无辜,无罪;天真,纯真
8.legal adj.合法的;法律的→illegal adj.不合法的;违法的→illegally adv.非法地
1.tear down  拆毁,拆除
2.make one’s fortune  发财
3.lose contact  失去联系
4.arm in arm  臂挽着臂
5.under arrest  被逮捕
6.on the beat  在巡逻
7.turn up  出现,到场;卷起;调大
8.live a life of honesty and integrity  过一种诚实正直的生活
9.at the core of moral values  道德观念的核心
10.keep promises  信守承诺
11.take sth seriously  认真对待某事
12.rather than (=instead of)  而不是
1.句型公式:find+宾语+宾语补足语;抽象地点名词+where引导的定语从句
教材原句:From time to time, people find themselves in situations where they have to make a difficult choice concerning their moral values.
人们时不时地会发现,他们不得不在道德价值观方面作出艰难的选择。
2.句型公式:完全倒装句
教材原句:In the doorway of a store stood a man, with an unlit cigar in his mouth.
一个男人站在一家店门口,嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。
3.句型公式:with复合结构作状语
教材原句:About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried toward him.
大约二十分钟后,一个高个子男人急匆匆地径直向他走来。那人穿着一件长大衣,衣领竖着,翻到耳朵边。
4.句型公式:“形容词/副词+enough+to do sth”结构
教材原句:Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change the shape of a man’s nose.
二十年确实很长,但还没长到改变一个人鼻子的形状。
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