Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
写一篇短文投稿，呼吁人们多阅读
本单元的写作任务是写一篇短文投稿，呼吁人们多阅读。短文投稿类文章一般都是就某个特定的主题进行论述和描写，以议论文和记叙文为多，它可以用来交流思想、感情，表达主张、见解；也可以用来介绍自己的学习、工作情况和经验等。短文投稿具有宣传、鼓励、教育等作用，它可以把作者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在思想感情上产生共鸣。短文投稿写作时要以主题为纲，进一步思考其内涵和外延，联系自己的学习、生活实际，确立写作要点。短文投稿作为日常应用写作中的一种常用文体，一般由开头、主体、结尾三部分组成，有些还根据需要加上了适当的标题。具体的写作结构如下：
一、写作常用词汇
1.literature n. 文学
2.appreciate vt. 欣赏
3.have a taste of 品尝，领略
4.call on sb to do sth 号召某人做某事
5.be supposed to do sth 理应做某事
6.appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
7.better our understanding of ...我们更好地理解……
8.make it convenient for sb to do sth 使某人方便做某事
9.be of equal benefit 同等有益
10.swing into action 立即行动起来，马上大干起来
二、写作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表达）
1.In recent years， with the popularity of reading， students pay more and more attention to reading classic works.
近年来，随着阅读的流行，学生们越来越关注读经典名著。
2.Reading ten thousand books is like travelling ten thousand miles.
读万卷书，犹如行万里路。
3.The more you read， the sharper and more creative your mind will be.你读得越多，你的头脑就会越敏锐、越有创造力。
4.Read thousands of books and you will be a perfect writer.读成千上万本书，你就会成为一个完美的作家。
5.Books， like friends， should be few and well chosen.书和朋友一样，应该少而精。
6.Besides， with digital devices easy to carry around， people can enjoy the fun of reading anytime anywhere on digital devices.
此外，由于数码设备易于携带，人们可以在数字设备上随时随地享受阅读的乐趣。
假定你是校学生会主席李华。最近，你校正在开展“读好书，促成长”活动，请你向校英文报写一篇短文投稿，呼吁学生多阅读。内容包括：
1.读书的意义；
2.读书习惯的变化和存在的问题；
3.呼吁多读书。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.正如培根所说
2.开阔我们的视野
3.号召某人做某事
4.可接近的，容易得到的
5.使某人方便做某事
6.更喜欢
7.应该
8.立即行动起来
◎遣词造句
1.正如培根所说，读书使人充实。
2.读书不仅能开阔我们的视野，还能使我们聪明快乐。
3.我写信呼吁大家多读书。
4.人们可以很容易接触智能手机，并且它方便了年轻人在线阅读。
5.老年人更喜欢看印刷的书。
6.你们所有人都应该找到阅读的方法。
7.无论你喜欢什么书，无论你在哪里买到，只要这本书营养丰富，适合阅读，它都是同样有益的。
8.到了你们所有人行动起来的时候了，准备好读更多的书。
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.将句2改成倒装句
2.将句4改成非谓语动词作状语
3.将句5改成表语从句
4.将句8改成虚拟语气
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
【即时演练】
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Why Do We Still Need Libraries in the Digital Age？为主题写一篇演讲稿参赛。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Good morning， dear friends，
Thanks for your listening！
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ
2 / 3Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
Learning for life
[1]The more I learn， the better I know how much there is still left to learn.[2]As I journey through my life， I have become aware that acquiring knowledge is not only a means by which you can better understand the world， but also a way of appreciating how much， as an individual， you do not know. The ability to admit this should not be perceived as① a weakness， but as a strength.[3]I once had an art teacher， pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important， but also what you cannot see.[4]When I drew a still life②， it was impressed upon me that the blank③ spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition④as the actual objects themselves.Also， as the great educator⑤ Confucius⑥stated， “When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”
[1]本句为“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”结构， 表示“越……，就越……”。
[2]As引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”； not only ...but also ...连接并列表语；“介词by＋关系代词which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词a means；that和how much分别引导一个宾语从句。
[3]动词-ing形式pointing out that ...what you cannot see作定语，修饰teacher； that引导的宾语从句使用了强调句，强调主语what you can see；not only ...but also ...连接两个并列的what引导的主语从句。
[4]it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。“as ...as ...”结构，意为“和……一样”。
It is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world.As you progress through life， you may study and work in new environments.Consequently， you will be exposed to⑦ many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning experiences.Furthermore⑧， the production of knowledge is bound to⑨ grow rapidly.[5]New knowledge is constantly being generated⑩ and what you already know is being revised all the time ， to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.[6]Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！[7]This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.
[5]what引导主语从句；to the extent that意为“达到这种程度以至于……”。
[6]句中三个并列结构do jobs、use technologies、resolve problems后面都各自跟了一个that引导的定语从句。
[7]there is no need to do sth意为“没必要做某事”；that引导一个宾语从句；refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning为动词-ing短语作主语。
So， how can you proceed ？Firstly， lifelong learning is an attitude.Lifelong learners are those who have an open mind .Be objective and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.[8]Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe.At the same time， you need to develop critical thinking skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas.Instead， you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told.[9]Secondly， take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example， you could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses， which have become increasingly popular in recent years.[10]You could also visit the local library， where resources are rich and diverse.[11]Finally， understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know， because for knowledge to have concrete value， it must be applied.Importantly， after its application， there must then follow a review process of analysis， evaluation and improvement so that your comprehension of the world becomes a continuous process.
[8]what引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语。
[9]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词e-learning courses。
[10]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the local library。
[11]that引导的宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是or连接的两个并列的动词不定式短语。what you know为what 引导的宾语从句，作 understand 的宾语。
In summary， in a world of constant change， one should never cease to learn.Lifelong learning will help you develop your skills and further your career， and will boost your sense of self-worth and keep your mind active.Therefore， know what you know and use it； know what you do not know and embrace it； know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it.
【读文清障】
①be perceived as 被视为/理解为……
②drew a still life 画静物
③blank adj.空白的
n.空白处，空格
④composition n.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术
⑤educator n.教育家；教育工作者
⑥Confucius n.孔子
⑦be exposed to 接触，面临；暴露于，暴露在
⑧furthermore adv.此外；而且；再者
⑨be bound to 一定会，很可能会
bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务（做某事）
⑩generate vt.产生；生成；引起
all the time 一直
to the extent 到……的程度
keep pace with sb/sth
与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱
resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定
n.决心，坚定的信念
refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
lifelong learning 终身学习
proceed vi.继续，接着做；行进；前往
have an open mind 有着开放的胸怀，愿意听取（接受、考虑）别人的意见（想法）
objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的
n.目标，目的
criticize vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价
differ from 与……不同
critical thinking 批判性思维
inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听
assess vt.评估；评定（性质、质量）；估算；估定（数量、价值）
take advantage of 利用……
register vi.& vt.登记，注册
n.语体风格，语域；登记表
subscribe to 订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成
subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）
concrete adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的
n.混凝土
comprehension n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
cease vi.& vt.（使）停止，终止，结束
self-worth n.自我价值感
【参考译文】
终身学习
我学得越多，就越明白要学的东西还很多。当我走在人生的旅途中时，我开始领悟到，求知不光是让你能更好地了解世界的一种手段，也是洞悉自己作为个体还有多少未知的一种方式。能承认自己尚且无知不应被认为是一种缺点，而应是一种优势。我曾经有过一位美术老师，他（她）向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能看到的东西，你看不到的东西也很重要。当我在画静物时，我意识到，成功的构图中，物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。而且，正如伟大教育家孔子所言：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”
在一个瞬息万变的世界里，保持终身学习是极为重要的。当你在人生旅途中前行时，你可能会置身新环境中学习和工作。因此，你会接触到许多新观点、新信仰、新实践和新的学习经历。此外，知识的产生必然是迅速增长的。新的知识不断涌现着，你已有的认知一直在被修正，以至于难以跟上最新的发展。的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的职业，使用现在还未开发的技术，解决当下还不是问题的问题！这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。
那么，该如何做到呢？首先，终身学习是一种态度。终身学习者是那些有着开放心态的人。客观看待事物，让自己接纳新知识和新理念。不要仅仅因为它们与自己的认知或信念不同，就加以批评或拒斥。同时，你需要培养批判性思考能力，以免对新观点一味盲从。相反，当你听到新的说法时，应当进一步探究真相。其次，利用终身学习的机会——例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。你也可以去本地的图书馆，那里有丰富多样的资源。最后，要明白仅仅是知道某事或理解你所知道的知识是不够的，因为要让知识发挥实际价值，必须对其加以应用。重要的是，将知识付诸实践后，必须随之跟进一个分析、评估和改进的回顾环节，这样你对世界的理解就是一个连续的过程了。
总之，在一个日新月异的世界里，一个人绝不能停止学习。终身学习会帮助你提升个人能力，推动职业发展，也会帮助你增强自我价值感并保持思维活跃。因此，要知道自己知道什么并运用所知；要知道自己不知道什么并接纳未知；要知道人生有涯而知无涯，对未知抱有一颗探究之心。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the author’s argument in this text？（ ）
A.We should be critical of new ideas.
B.We should be confident about ourselves.
C.One ought to spend more time learning.
D.One should keep learning throughout life.
2.Why did the author quote Confucius’ saying in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.To show Confucius’ wide knowledge.
B.To give us a general introduction of Confucius.
C.To show he is in agreement with the famous figure.
D.To suggest admitting what we don’t know.
3.Why should we be lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world？（ ）
①Life can be boring and dull without learning.
②The production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly.
③It can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.
④You will be exposed to many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning experiences.
A.①②④ B.①②③
C.②③④ D.①③④
4.Who is likely to become a lifelong learner？（ ）
A.A man who is good at studying.
B.A man who is objective and open-minded.
C.A person who likes to make critical comments.
D.A person who is unwilling to put what he learned into practice.
5.What do lifelong learners need to do in order not to accept new ideas blindly？ （ ）
A.Develop critical thinking skills.
B.Have positive attitudes towards new technology.
C.Make themselves open to new knowledge and ideas.
D.Reject new knowledge that differs from what they know.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）以-sion结尾的名词
①comprehension 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
②decision 决定
③discussion 讨论
④possession 拥有
⑤explosion 爆炸
⑥conclusion 结论
⑦permission 允许，许可
（2）以re-开头的动词
①refresh 使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
②resolve 解决；表决；决心，决定
③recover 恢复；痊愈
④replace 取代，代替
⑤recall 回忆
⑥reuse 再利用
⑦rebuild 重建
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
（1）引用：文中使用了引用名人名言的写作手法。一个恰当的引用可以增强可信度和说服力，引起读者的阅读兴趣，加深读者对阅读内容的理解。
请找出课文中引用名人名言的句子。
（2）排比：排比是把三个或三个以上结构相同或相似，语气一致的短语、句子或段落成串地排列在一起的修辞手法。使用排比可以增强语言的气势和表达效果。
请从课文中找出排比句。
①
②
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务（做某事）；准备前往（某地）
【教材原句】 Furthermore， the production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly.
此外，知识的产生必然是迅速增长的。
【用法】
（1）be bound to 一定会，很可能会 be bound for 准备前往（某地） （2）be bound by sth （to do sth） 受（法律、义务或情况）约束（必须做某事）；有义务（做某事） （3）be bound up in sth 忙于某事；热衷于某事 be bound up with 与……密切相关
【佳句】 While traveling in foreign countries， you’re bound to experience different degrees of culture shock.
在国外旅行时，你一定会体验到不同程度的文化冲击。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Several hours later， they finally managed to board the train bound Beijing.
②He’s too bound up his work to have much time for his children.
③You are bound the contract to pay before the end of the month.
④The development of highway transportation is closely bound up the regional economy.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤If you keep on working hard like this， chances .
如果你继续这样努力工作，机会一定会眷顾你。
resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定n.决心，坚定的信念
【教材原句】 Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！
的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的职业，使用现在还未开发的技术，解决当下还不是问题的问题！
【用法】
（1） 决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve on sth 决定某事 resolve a conflict/problem/crisis 解决冲突/问题/危机 （2）weaken/strengthen/test/shake one’s resolve （to do sth） 削弱/增强/考验/动摇某人（做某事）的决心 （3）resolution n. 解决；决心，决定；决议 make a resolution to do sth决心做某事，决定做某事 （4）resolved adj. 下定决心的，断然的，坚定的 be resolved to do sth 下定决心做某事
【佳句】 No hardships can shake their resolve to overcome all obstacles.
环境再艰苦也动摇不了他们征服困难的决心。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①As a considerate husband， he made a （resolve） not to tell her the truth of her health.
②She was （resolve） to report the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager.
【写美】 一句多译
③他们决定早点出发，打算在天黑之前到达野营地。
→They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolve vt.）
→They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolve vi.）
→They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolution）
refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
【教材原句】 This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.
这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。
【用法】
（1）refresh sb/oneself （with sth）（通过……）使某人恢复精力；清醒头脑 refresh sb’s memory about/of使某人想起……，唤起某人……的记忆 （2）refreshed adj. 恢复了精力的，精神振作的 feel refreshed 恢复活力；焕发精神 make sb refreshed 使某人精神振作 （3）refreshing adj. 令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充沛的；使人凉爽的 （4）refreshment n. 恢复活力；焕发精神
【佳句】 He walked on the opposite side of the street to refresh his memory of the building.
他走在街的对面，以唤起对这座建筑的记忆。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①They refreshed themselves cans of light beer.
②When you need （refresh）， try coffee and dessert at a sidewalk cafe.
③Once you stand on the top of the mountain， you will feel quite （refresh） afterwards.
④It makes a （refresh） change to talk to someone who’s happy.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤If we are under pressure for a long time， doing some exercise can .
如果我们很长一段时间处在压力之下，锻炼可以使我们精神振作。
inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听
【教材原句】 Instead， you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told.
相反，当你听到新的说法时，应当进一步探究真相。
【用法】
（1）inquire sth （of sb） 询问（某人）某事 inquire about sth/sb 打听某事/某人 inquire into sth 调查某事，查问某事 （2）inquiry n. 调查；查询；询问，打听；（官方的）查问 make an inquiry about 询问 （3）inquiring adj. 好问的，爱探索的；探询的，探究的
【佳句】 He went to the hospital to inquire about her.他到医院去打听她的情况。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She inquired me very politely whether I wanted to continue the conversation or not.
②Inspectors were appointed to inquire the affairs of the company.
【写美】 完成句子
③ ， the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it.每当顾客询问我的书时，志愿者都会把他们带到书架前指向它。
assumption n.假定，假设
【教材原句】 Before the first black swan was seen， the assumption was that all swans were white.在第一只黑天鹅被看见之前，这个假设是所有的天鹅都是白色的。
【用法】
（1）make an assumption 作出假设 on the assumption that ...假定……，假设…… （2）assume vt. 假定，假设，认为 assume sb/sth to be 认为某人/某物…… It is reasonable to assume （that） ... 认为……有道理 It is （generally/usually） assumed that ...（普遍/通常）认为…… （3）assuming conj. 假如 assuming （that） ... 假定……，假设……
【佳句】 Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the assumption you’ve made.努力去理解实际正在发生的事情，而不是按照你作出的假设去行动。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We make the （assume） that his performance is bound to be successful and excellent.
② is generally assumed that drinking tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
③We students assume him （be） the most qualified professor in our school.
④We are working on the assumption everyone invited will turn up.
【写美】 句式升级
⑤If you are interested in it， please send an email to 123456@.
→ ， please send an email to 123456@.（assuming）
Part Ⅱ 中频词汇特训
subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）
【教材原句】 Secondly， take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example， you could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses， which have become increasingly popular in recent years.其次，利用终身学习的机会——例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。
【用法】
（1）subscribe to 订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成 subscribe for 订阅；订购 （2）subscription n. 订阅费；会员费；定期捐款 subscriber n. 订阅人；订购者；定期捐款者
【佳句】 Tim put forward a suggestion that we should subscribe to some magazines which are useful for our work and the department manager subscribed to his suggestion.
蒂姆建议我们订阅一些对我们工作有用的杂志，部门经理赞成他的建议。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①You can subscribe the magazine for as little as $32 a year.
②You can become a member by paying the yearly （subscribe）.
③How many people have subscribed the book when it is printed？
【写美】 完成句子
④I have never schooldays are the happiest days of your life.
我从未赞成过这样的看法，以为学生时代是你一生中最快乐的日子。
Part Ⅲ 重点句型解构
句型公式：动词不定式短语作定语
【教材原句】 The ability to admit this should not be perceived as a weakness， but as a strength.
能承认自己尚且无知不应被认为是一种缺点，而应是一种优势。
【用法】
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及the next、the only、the last、the very等词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 （2）动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有plan、ability、chance、opportunity、time、way等。
【品悟】 The best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.
增强意志力的最好方法是把它养成一种习惯。
I don’t think him to be the best man to do the job because he is very careless.
我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选，因为他很粗心。
【写美】 完成句子
①He refused to attend the meeting .
他拒绝参加第二天举行的会议。
②I’m going to Beijing next week.Do you ？
我下周要去北京。你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗？
③Paula is from a debut album.
保拉是唯一一位在首张专辑中获得四个冠军的艺人。
④You’ll at the end of the meeting.
会议快结束时，你们将有机会提问任何问题。
句型公式：强调句
【教材原句】 I once had an art teacher， pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important， but also what you cannot see.我曾经有过一位美术老师，他（她）向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能看到的东西，你看不到的东西也很重要。
【用法】
（1）强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语。 （2）强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ （3）强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ （4）not ...until句型的强调句结构：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分。
【品悟】 It was while at the New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings.正是在纽约艺术学院时，他得以在其绘画作品中尝试像布、塑料等不同的材料。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
① he met at the party.
在聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
② you met Mr Smith？
你是在公园里遇到史密斯先生的吗？
③ prevented him from coming on time？
是什么使得他没按时来？
④Bach died in 1750， but his musical gift was not fully recognized until the early 19th century.
→Bach died in 1750， but his musical gift was fully recognized.（强调句）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ
10 / 10Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
My university life
[1]I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate①.I was happy and relieved②， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？ This short walk was going to launch me into③ a whole new world.How would I manage？ Would I be able to carve out a career④ for myself？My name was called and I moved into the lights.I heard the applause.I knew my parents would be watching and smiling at each other and I tried to relax.I held my certificate against my breast⑤ and smiled at the camera.[2]Before I knew it， the ceremony was over and the curtain⑥ had come down on my university life.Where had the time gone？ Four years had disappeared in a flash⑦.[3]I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected on⑧ those four years.
[1]本句是主从复合句。主句使用过去完成进行时had been doing ...； when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment。
[2]本句是and连接的并列句。Before引导时间状语从句，可译为“还未来得及……就……”。
[3]句中with my certificate in hand是with复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语（介词短语）”，在句中作状语。
[4]I remembered arriving at university on my very first day， pausing at the gate to look down the long drive⑨.I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight⑩ to my suitcase.Would I be able to fit in ？ Did this new phase of my life mean that I was now mature enough to be entirely responsible for my own successes and failures？ [5]I took a few seconds to compose myself and to take in the scene that was laid out before me.The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups， carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory buildings.[6]I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus .I took a deep breath and carried on into the heart of the campus.[7]Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.
[4]动词-ing短语pausing at the gate to look down the long drive作伴随状语。
[5]并列的动词不定式短语to compose myself和to take in ...作结果状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词scene。
[6]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，作动词wonder的宾语。
[7]该句是倒装句，否定词Little置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。
I remembered working on my first assignment .It was a 3，000-word essay on geometry and I wasn’t even sure how to begin the first paragraph .Instead of seeking good advice， I kept putting it off .Rather unwisely， I left it to the last minute.As the deadline approached， I had to stay up all night working on my laptop to complete it.The next day I felt dizzy and started coughing and sneezing .Unsurprisingly， it wasn’t a very good essay.However， this taught me a valuable lesson.[8]As soon as I received the next assignment， I headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my research， and then created an outline followed by a draft .After careful editing and polishing ， the result was a much better essay than the last， and it was ready in my desk drawer days before the deadline.I would stick to this approach for the duration of my studies.
[8]句中As soon as引导时间状语从句；主句中headed和created是并列谓语；动词不定式短语to find the ...research作目的状语；I needed for my research为省略that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词reference books；followed by a draft作后置定语，修饰名词outline。
I remembered cooperating with my classmates on group projects.Everyone would be assigned a specific task， and my role was usually to produce the presentation .We would meet in the school cafeteria to bounce ideas off each other， and would laugh and argue and laugh some more as we learnt to work together as a team.[9]I realized that learning didn’t have to be a solo effort and that working with other people could be much more stimulating and productive than working alone.
I remembered visiting my favourite professor， a tall gentleman with his beard and hair going grey， during his office hours for the first time.Initially， I found his strictness intimidating ， but quickly came to admire him for his vast knowledge and deep understanding of his subject.[10]It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know， and they do take a genuine interest in their students’ intellectual development.
[9]本句是主从复合句。两个that均引导并列的宾语从句，作动词realized的宾语。
[10]It 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句；主语从句中又包含 what 引导的宾语从句；do用来强调谓语动词take。
[11]I heard my parents’ voices calling me and I returned to the moment.After the graduation ceremony we headed home by train.I looked out of the carriage window at the world speeding by.[12]The journey home gave me time to think about what the future might hold for me.University has changed me.[13]Not only am I now more intellectually prepared for the world of work， but I am also more confident about my own abilities.I have grown as an adult and I have also discovered more about myself.Yes， I am ready for a new phase in my life.
[11]句中包含“感官动词（hear）＋宾语＋宾语补足语（动词-ing形式）”结构。
[12]句中what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。
[13]本句为not only ...but also ...句型。not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子用部分倒装， but also后面的句子不倒装。
【读文清障】
①certificate n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书
receive one’s degree certificate领取学位证书
②relieved adj.释然的；感到宽慰的；放心的
③launch sb into 使某人开始做，使某人投入
④carve out a career创出一番事业
⑤breast n.胸部，胸脯
⑥curtain n.幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物
⑦in a flash 转瞬间，立即
⑧reflect on sth反思某事，反省某事
⑨look down the long drive 望着长长的车道
⑩tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地
adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的
hold on tight to紧紧握住
fit in 适应
mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力
be responsible for 对……负责
compose oneself 使自己镇定下来
take in （一下子）看清，看明白；收留，收容；欺骗，使上当；理解，领会
lay out （整齐地）铺开，展开，摊开
dormitory n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍
circus n.热闹场面；马戏团
take a deep breath 深吸一口气
work on one’s first assignment做第一份作业
essay n.文章，短文
geometry n.几何（学）；几何形状
a 3，000-word essay on geometry 一篇三千字的几何论文
paragraph n.段，段落
put off 推迟，拖延
laptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
sneeze vi.打喷嚏
n.喷嚏，喷嚏声
reference n.参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考
reference books 参考书
draft n.草稿，草案，草图
vt.起草，草拟
edit vt.& vi.编辑，校订
polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光
n.抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛
drawer n.抽屉
stick to 坚持；遵守（诺言、协议、决定、原则等），遵循（规则）
presentation n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
cafeteria n.自助餐厅，自助食堂
bounce vt.（向某人）试探地透露（主意） vi.跳动
n.弹跳；活力
bounce ideas off sb向某人试探地透露主意
stimulating adj.趣味盎然的，激励人的
intimidating adj.吓人的，令人胆怯的
dawn on sb 使某人开始明白，使某人渐渐领悟，使某人开始理解
take an interest in 对……感兴趣
carriage n.（火车的）客车厢；（旧时载客的）四轮马车
【参考译文】
我的大学生活
我和我的毕业生同学们一起等待着走上领奖台领取学位证书的那一刻。我心中既高兴又欣慰，同时又对未来怀着忧虑。我的第一份工作会是什么样的？这短短的几步路将会领我进入一个全新的世界。我该如何应对？我能为自己开创一番事业吗？我的名字被叫到了，我走到灯光下。我听见了掌声。我知道我的父母正在看着我，相视而笑，而我试着让自己放松。我把证书抱在胸前，对着镜头微笑。不知不觉中，典礼结束了，我的大学生活已然落下帷幕。时间都去哪儿了？四年时间一晃而过。我手拿证书伫立着，回想起那四年的时光。
我记得来上大学的第一天，我在校门口停下，望着长长的车道。我能感到自己的双手在微微出汗，我只能紧紧握住行李箱。我能适应吗？我人生的这个新阶段是否意味着我现在已经足够成熟，可以完全为自己的成功和失败负责？我花了几秒钟时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。校园里人来人往。神情焦虑的家长和兴高采烈的学生有的在三三两两地交谈着，有的提着大包小包，有的正出入宿舍楼。我好奇开学第一天是否都是这么热闹。我深吸一口气，继续往校园中心走。我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
我记得我做第一份作业时的情形。那是一篇三千字的几何论文，而我甚至不太确定该怎么开始第一段。我没有去寻求好的建议，而是一直拖着没下笔。相当不明智的是，我拖到了最后一刻。眼看规定期限就要到了，我只能抱着笔记本电脑熬了一整夜，把论文赶了出来。第二天我就感觉头晕，开始咳嗽、打喷嚏。可想而知，文章写得并不是很好。不过这给我上了宝贵的一课。在我刚收到第二份作业时，我就直奔图书馆，查阅研究所需的文献，然后定提纲、写初稿。经过仔细校订和润色之后，结果是比上一稿好很多的文章，并且在截止日期前几天它就在书桌抽屉里，随时可交。在之后的学习生涯中我都坚持了这种做法。
我记得和我的同学们一起合作完成小组项目。每个人都会分配到一项特定的任务，我的工作通常是制作幻灯片。我们会在学校的自助餐厅开会，大家各抒己见。在我们学着团队协作的过程中，我们笑着，吵着，再笑着。我明白了学习不必只是一个人的拼搏，与他人合作会比单打独斗更妙趣横生也成果斐然。 我记得第一次去拜访我最喜欢的教授，那是在他的办公时间。他是一位身材高大、须发皆白的先生。起初，我觉得他严厉得吓人，但我很快就开始因他广博的学识和对其学科的深刻理解而崇拜他了。很快我就开始明白，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们的确真心实意地关注学生的智力发展。
我听到父母在叫我，于是回过神来。毕业典礼结束后，我们坐火车回家。我看着车窗外飞驰而过的世界。返乡的路上，我有了时间来思考未来会带给我什么。大学改变了我。如今我不仅为职业生涯作好了更多学识上的准备，对个人能力也更有信心了。我已长大成人，对自己也更加了解。是的，我已准备好拥抱下一个人生阶段了。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How did the author feel when he was waiting for receiving his degree certificate？（ ）
A.Happy but anxious.
B.Worried and anxious.
C.Sad and relieved.
D.Excited and delighted.
2.What is the correct order used by the author to finish his studies after he finished his first assignment？（ ）
①write a draft
②create an outline
③edit and polish carefully
④head straight for the library to find the reference books
A.①②③④ B.④②①③
C.④③②① D.①④②③
3.What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 3？（ ）
A.Staying up late will make people ill.
B.Asking for advice is essential when faced with difficulties.
C.Setting out to work immediately as soon as you receive it is important.
D.Turning to the library for help can help you finish your work ahead of time.
4.What did the author learn from his group projects？（ ）
A.Learning must be a solo effort.
B.We learn nothing but laugh more as we learnt to work together as a team.
C.We couldn’t bounce ideas off each other， even if we met in the school cafeteria.
D.Working with others could be more stimulating and productive than working independently.
5.Which of the following is the purpose of the passage？（ ）
A.To prove a theory.
B.To tell us a funny story.
C.To advertise his university.
D.To look back on unforgettable experiences in college.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
本板块学习了以-ation结尾的名词presentation n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出。
名词后缀-ion归纳如下：
规则 例词
几乎所有以-ate结尾的动词在变为名词时首先去掉e再加-ion educate→education， liberate→liberation， translate→translation， graduate→graduation， separate→separation， operate→operation
多数以-t结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ion，少数以-te结尾的动词首先去掉e再加-ion act→action， invent→invention， inspect→inspection， elect→election， select→selection， connect→connection， collect→collection， instruct→instruction， devote→devotion， pollute→pollution
多数以-ss结尾的动词直接加-ion discuss→discussion， oppress→oppression， express→expression， possess→possession
多数以-de结尾与少数以-d结尾的动词先把de或d变成s再加-ion decide→decision， divide→division， provide→provision， invade→invasion， expand→expansion， extend→extension
以-mit结尾的动词，先把t变成ss，再加-ion admit→admission， commit→commission， permit→permission， transmit→transmission
多数以-fy结尾的动词先把y改成i再加-cation，少数以-efy或-fy结尾的动词先去掉y再加-action modify→modification， satisfy→satisfaction
规则 例词
有些动词不是加-ion，而是加-ition、-tion、-ation或-sion而变成名词，其中有些词根因读音关系而发生了变化 add→addition， attend→attention， produce→production， reduce→reduction， solve→solution， determine→determination， explain→explanation， found→foundation， observe→observation， transport→transportation， relax→relaxation
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
情感描写：人物情感描写是对人物在特定环境下产生的想法、感触、联想等心理活动的描写，旨在深刻揭示人物的精神世界。在读后续写中，描写人物的情感是常用的描写方法，恰当的情感描写能够表现文中人物的性格，推动事件的发展。在描述人物情感时，要突出文章的中心，与人物的性格吻合，符合事件发展的逻辑。要选用恰当的词句通过情感描写精确地刻画人物的内心世界。
请从课文中找出此类句子，体会作者的情绪变化。
（1）直接用情感词表达人物的喜怒哀乐情绪。如happy、delighted、pleased、joyful、enjoyable、surprised、shocked、amazed、astonished、to one’s surprise、in relief、in panic等描述人物的情绪。
（2）利用动作和环境描写，融情于景烘托人物的情感。
Part Ⅰ 核心词汇集释
compose oneself使自己镇定下来
【教材原句】 I took a few seconds to compose myself and to take in the scene that was laid out before me.我花了几秒钟时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。
【用法】
（1）compose vt.& vi. 作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 compose a letter/speech/poem 撰写信函/演讲稿/诗歌 （2）be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of 由……组成（或构成） （3）composer n. 作曲家，作曲者 composition n. 组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品
【佳句】 Life is composed of many elements， such as family， friends， study， work， entertainment， and so on.生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Beethoven is a well-known of classical music， whose music is very touching.Listen！This is my favourite melody and it is one of his great .（compose）
【写美】 一句多译
②委员会由教授和工程师组成。
→The committee professors and engineers.（compose）
→The committee professors and engineers.（make）
→The committee professors and engineers.（consist）
reference n.参考；提到；推荐信vt.查阅，参考
【教材原句】 As soon as I received the next assignment， I headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my research， and then created an outline followed by a draft.
在我刚收到第二份作业时，我就直奔图书馆，查阅研究所需的文献，然后定提纲、写初稿。
【用法】
（1）reference books 参考书 for reference 以备参考，供参考 make （no） reference to （未）提及 in/with reference to 关于；根据……而论 （2）refer vi. 提到；参考，查阅 vt. 查阅，参考 refer to 提到，谈到；指的是；参考，查阅 refer to ...as ... 把……称为…… refer to a dictionary＝look up sth in a dictionary 查词典
【佳句】 The library contains many popular reference books.
这家图书馆藏有许多常用的参考书。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There are huge amounts of （refer） books in the library which I am often confused to choose from.
②When （refer） to that incident of last year， he still felt very frightened.
③The Chinese refer to their language Han， as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.
【写美】 完成句子
④Get prepared because while giving the English speech， one .
作好准备，因为在作英语演讲的时候是不允许看笔记的。
Part Ⅱ 重点句型解构
句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句
【教材原句】 Before I knew it， the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life.不知不觉中，典礼结束了，我的大学生活已然落下帷幕。
【用法】
（1）before引导时间状语从句，主要用于以下几种句型： ①It will be＋一段时间＋before ...（从句用一般现在时）要过……时间才…… ②It won’t be＋一段时间＋before ...（从句用一般现在时）过不了……时间就…… ③It was not long before ...（从句用一般过去时）没过多久就…… ④It was＋时间段＋before ...（从句用一般过去时）过了……时间才…… （2）before作为连词，用来引导时间状语从句时，译法较灵活，根据语境可翻译成以下几种意思： ①在……之前；②……之后才……；③趁着（还没有）……，以免……，以防……；④（不久）就……
【品悟】 You’d better go quickly before I change my mind.
在我改变主意之前，你最好快点走。
【写美】 完成句子
①He had walked for a whole day .
他走了一整天才找到水。
②Write down the telephone number .
趁你还没忘记，把电话号码写下来。
③I he came back.
我没等多久他就回来了。
④ he left for the US.
没过多久他就去美国了。
⑤ ， she walked away.
我还没来得及想出如何回答，她就走开了。
⑥ he made the decision to accept our suggestion.
三天后他才作出接受我们的提议的决定。
⑦I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long， but Brian gets back.
很抱歉让你等了这么久，但布莱恩还要过一段时间才能回来。
句型公式：否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】 Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.
我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
【用法】
该句是倒装句， little置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。其他具有否定意义的副词或短语置于句首时，也要用部分倒装。 （1）否定副词not、never、hardly、seldom、scarcely、rarely、little及表示否定意义的介词短语in no case、by no means、at no time、on no condition、not until等置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 （2）hardly ...when、no sooner ...than、not only ...but also、neither ...nor等连接两个句子， hardly、no sooner、not only置于句首时，紧接否定词之后的句子要用部分倒装。
【品悟】 Seldom does he go out to eat dinner with his family because he enjoys cooking at home.
他和家人很少出去吃晚饭，因为他喜欢在家做饭。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
①Little such kind of experience before.
我以前很少有这样的经历。
②At no time the rules of the game.
他们绝对没有违反比赛规则。
③Hardly all the teachers and classmates cheered for him.
大卫刚到达终点线，所有的老师和同学就都为他欢呼喝彩。
④I have never heard such a strange thing in my life.
→ in my life.（倒装句）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ
8 / 9UNIT 4 Never too old to learn
单元话题
导入 本单元的话题是“终身学习”，涉及不同的学习模式、终身学习、职业教育、阅读的重要性、大学学习生活的乐趣和困难等内容。通过本单元的学习，学生可以提高对终身学习的兴趣，树立终身学习的意识，培养乐于学习、善于学习的积极观念，从而为完善自我、适应社会奠定良好的基础。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。
educator， inquire， cease， bound， verbal， self-worth， wisdom
1.Lifelong learning helps us develop skills， further our careers， and boost our sense of and keep our minds active.Different people have different learning ways， including auditory， and physical styles.
2.In a world of rapid development， there are always new things for us to about and new skills to develop.One should never to learn.
3.We are to have a good attitude towards lifelong learning.As the great Confucius stated，“When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it — that is .”
1 / 1单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ ◇自我评价
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词写对
1. adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务（做某事）
2. adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾
格的
n.目标，目的
3. adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的
n.混凝土
4. n.推理，理性的观点，论证
5. n.成功的机会，前景；可能性
6. n.机构；风俗习惯，制度
7. n.平板电脑；药片
8. n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书
9. n.胸部，胸脯
10. n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍
11. vi.打喷嚏
n.喷嚏，喷嚏声
12. n.草稿，草案，草图
vt.起草，草拟
13. vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光
n.抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛
14. n.自助餐厅，自助食堂
Ⅰ.根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式
1.Fill in each b with a proper word to complete the following sentences.
2.The concept is too a so it is difficult for students to understand it.
3.The article has only three p but it’s worth reading again and again.
4.He made several spelling mistakes in the c .
5.Fortunately the l called me and my father came into his office.
6.I think he is not （明白事理的） enough to understand the significance of the choice.
7.She drew back the （窗帘） and let the sunlight in.
8.He folded the papers and put them in his desk （抽屉）.
9.He got into the car and started the （发动机） immediately.
10.I won’t lend you my （笔记本电脑） unless you promise to look after it.
二、拓展词汇用活
1. n.教育家；教育工作者→educate vt.教育→education n.教育，培养
2. vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定n.决心，坚定的信念→resolved adj.下定决心的，断然的，坚决的
3. vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起→refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的→refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充沛的；使人凉爽的→refreshment n.恢复活力；焕发精神
4. vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价→critical adj.批评的，批判性的，挑剔的；关键的，至关重要的→critic n.批评家；评论家，评论员→criticism n.批评，批判；责备，指责
5. vi.& vt.询问，打听→inquiry n.调查；查询；询问，打听；（官方的）查问→inquiring adj.好问的，探索的；探询的，追究的
6. vi.& vt.登记，注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表→registration n.登记，注册
7. vi.订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）→subscriber n.（报刊等的）订阅人，订购者→subscription n.订阅，订购；（报刊等的）订阅费，订购款
8. n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习→comprehend vt.理解，领悟→comprehensive adj.全面的；综合性的
9. n.假定，假设→assume vt.假设，认为；承担（责任）；获得（权利）；呈现；假装→assumed adj.假定的，假设的
10. n.工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用→occupy vt.占用；占领；占据→occupied adj.忙于；使用中
11. vt.使合格；使具备资格 vi.取得资格（或学历），合格→qualification n.技能条件，资格→qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的
12. n.能力，胜任→competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的→competently adv.胜任地，适合地
13. adj.随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的→randomly adv.随机地，随意地；未加计划地→randomness n.随机性；随意，无安排
14. adv.紧紧地，牢固地adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的→tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tightness n.密封性；坚固，紧密
15. n.参考；提到；推荐信vt.查阅，参考→refer vi.提到，谈到；参考
16. n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出→present vt.提出；授予，提交；展现
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Come and work out with our （qualify） personal trainer， Jodie McGregor， on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate.
2.It will undoubtedly help you get （refresh）！
3.Surprised at what I did， my mom hugged me （tight）.
4.He learned braille （盲文） quickly and continued his （educate） at Worcester College for the Blind.
5.If they have problems with （register）， Wilson is there to assist them.
6.Face-to-face communication makes （comprehend） much easier.
7.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility， independence， confidence and （competent）—the underpinnings （基础） of emotional health.
8.James an important position in the government office， and his brings him great fame.（occupy）
9.She that her husband made a wrong decision.It indicates that his argument is based on a completely false .（assume）
10.After countless interviews and ， I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.The headmaster an award to me.（present）
11.The lawyer whether there had been any messages for him but he was told that on that matter are being redirected to the press office.（inquire）
12.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as books where students can to some unknown things if necessary.（refer）
三、重点短语用准
1. 一定会，很可能会
2. 与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱
3. 订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成
4. 转瞬间，立即
5. 使自己镇定下来
6. 向某人试探地透露主意
7. 指出
8. 反思
9. 对……负责
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.You’ve done so much work—you pass the exam.
2.Our company is developing new products to the needs in the market.
3.If you the newspaper， it’ll be delivered to your door every day.
4.I should that no one of these paintings is orginal.
5.“I how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week，” she said.
四、经典句式写美
1.句型公式：动词不定式短语作定语
教材原句： （有能力承认这一点） should not be perceived as a weakness， but as a strength.
2.句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句：Be objective and （让自己接纳新知识和新理念）.
3.句型公式：关系副词when引导的定语从句
教材原句：I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment （当我走上台领取学位证书的那一刻）.
4.句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句
教材原句： （在我意识到这一点之前）， the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Some people question .
有人对他做这项工作的能力提出疑问。
2.You when you look at me like that.
当你那样看我时，让我很紧张。
3.I’m looking forward to the moment .
我期待和你重聚的那一刻。
4.Remind me to phone Alan .
提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打电话。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
夯实素材储备·注重续写体验
情感描写 ①blank adj.空白的n.空白处，空格 ②mature adj.明白事理的；成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力 ③in a flash转瞬间，立即
动作描写 ①resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念 ②refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 ③criticize vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 ④be bound to一定会，很可能会 ⑤compose oneself使自己镇定下来
其他 ①objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的n.目标，目的 ②certificate n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 ③occupation n.工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 ④professor n.教授；讲师，教员
一、连词成句
根据教材语料中所给词汇及汉语提示翻译下列句子。
1.在被告知父亲去世后，托尼（Tony）的大脑瞬间一片空白。（情感描写；动词-ing短语作状语）
2.遗憾和羞愧占据了他，泪水涌入了他的眼睛。（情感描写；独立主格结构）
3.他批评自己以前的顽皮行为。（心理描写）
4.渐渐地，他镇定下来，恢复了精神。（动作描写）
5.他决心努力学习，早点拿到证书来帮助妈妈赚钱养家。（心理描写；动词不定式）
6.他的教授和室友们相信他一定会实现他的目标。（宾语从句）
二、连句成文
用适当的过渡词将上面的句子合并成一个小语段。
4 / 5学习讲义部分
UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
【单元话题导入】
1.virtues； reliable 2.truthful； responsible 3.principles
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.friend 2.appointment 3.realised 4.arrested 5.note
第二步
1－7 ADBDBDA
第三步
2.（1）The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar.The light showed a pale face， with keen eyes， a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.His scarfpin was a large diamond， oddly set.
（2）“It has given me everything I asked it for.You’ve changed lots， Jimmy.I never thought you were tall by two or three inches.”
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①was appointed ②to take ③to defend ④appointed ⑤Appointed as president of the university yesterday
2.①it ②on/upon ③to look ④reliable ⑤rely on it that
3.①being read ②listening ③is worth buying； is worthy to be bought； is worthy of being bought； It is worthwhile buying/to buy
4.①of ②suspicious ③suspect him to be ill
④Suspected of being involved in the attempted murder
5.①under attack ②under control ③under threat
④under arrest
Part Ⅱ
1.①to get ②on ③takes a keen interest in
2.①contacting ②with ③please contact Li Hua at ④keep in contact with
3.①innocently ②of ③innocence
Part Ⅲ
①lay a river ②stands a tower ③came the final awards ceremony ④there lived a doctor ⑤lies our library， which is between the garden and the teaching building
⑥came the teacher’s sweet voice
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）条件 （2）时间 （3）地点 （4）原因 （5）结果
（6）让步
即时演练1
①as/when ②before ③until ④when/than
即时演练2
①If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art
②Wherever he went ③Now that/Since you’ve grown up
④unless she asks us to
即时演练3
①as/though ②However； how ③that ④if
⑤if/though
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to ②from ③resignation ④handed in my resignation
2.①of ②shameful ③To ④a ⑤I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
3.①for ②forgiveness
③will forgive you for your being late
4.①disappointing ②to learn ③disappointment
④disappointed ⑤how disappointed she was
5.①to be ②to have known ③to be listening
④pretended not to know me
Part Ⅱ
①about/at ②of
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.inform sb of sth 2.truth 3.make a decision/decisions
4.acceptable 5.lose hope 6.make the situation worse
7.depend on 8.positive attitudes
遣词造句
1.If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？
2.Some students are against it.
3.They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
4.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.
5.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
6.In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.
7.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步
1.Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
2.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步
If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.
Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.
即时演练
Dear Anne，
I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike， we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.opening 2.speech 3.importance 4.responsibility
5.society 6.first step
第二步
1－5 DBDAC
第三步
2.（1）A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds； likewise， a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
（2）However， just as the Chinese saying goes， “Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved.”
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①on ②merciful ③at ④It was a mercy that
2.①at ②with ③faults ④your failure is not your fault
3.①from ②discouraging ③discouragement ④Instead of being discouraged， he found himself filled with a sense of achievement.
4.①on ②up ③against ④weigh my words
Part Ⅱ
1.①meet the deadline ②before the deadline
2.①to ②guidance ③for
④With a local guide guiding us； A local guide guiding us
Part Ⅲ
1.①not when or where you were born， but what you are doing ②is responsible for the mistake
2.①so that the sports meeting had to be put off
②so that he knocked ③in order to； so as to
3.①Go to bed now or
②Give me one more hour； One more hour
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.diamond 2.collar 3.outline 4.arrest 5.wire
6.criminal 7.ward 8.mineral 9.superb 10.likewise
11.integrity 12.garbage 13.bonus 14.sow
Ⅰ.1.virtue 2.worthwhile 3.inches 4.cheat 5.Organic 6.deadline 7.fault 8.savings 9.guidance
二、1.appointment 2.reliable 3.suspect 4.legal
5.resign 6.guilty 7.ashamed 8.forgive 9.disappointed
Ⅱ.1.appointed； appointed； appointment 2.reliable
3.illegally； illegal 4.guilty 5.disappointed
6.forgiveness
三、1.tear down 2.make one’s fortune 3.lose contact
4.arm in arm 5.under arrest 6.at the mercy of sb/sth
7.weigh on sb/sth
Ⅲ.1.tear down 2.make his fortune 3.losing contact
4.arm in arm
四、1.In the doorway of a store stood a man
2.not long enough to change
3.Sow the seeds of success today
Ⅳ.1.lay some air conditioners
2.thick enough to walk
3.Use your head and
夯实素材储备
一、1.Tom comes from a poor family， and he is trying to obtain a scholarship to reduce the financial burden on the family.
2.Tempted by the scholarship， he cheated in the exam， which plunged him into extreme pain.
3.He felt that he should decorate his soul with virtue.
4.He determined to tell his teacher the truth.
5.The moment he came into the office， he bowed to his teacher saying that “I am ashamed of what I did. I only ...Please forgive me ...”
6.His tears were welling up his eyes.
7.The teacher was merciful.He understood Tom， forgave him and embraced him tightly！
二、
Tom comes from a poor family， and he is trying to obtain a scholarship to reduce the financial burden on the family. Tempted by the scholarship， he cheated in the exam， which plunged him into extreme pain. He felt that he should decorate his soul with virtue. At last， he determined to tell his teacher the truth. The moment he came into the office， he bowed to his teacher saying that “I am ashamed of what I did. I only ...Please forgive me ...” Then his tears were welling up his eyes. The teacher was merciful.He understood Tom， forgave him and embraced him tightly！
UNIT 2 Understanding each other
【单元话题导入】
1.straightforward； encodes； mail 2.knowledgeable； tone 3.exchange
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.how 2.cycle 3.style 4.message 5.adjust
6.interactions
第二步
1－5 ADCCD
第三步
2.（1）Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver.
（2）What is their age or position？ What is their relationship with you？ What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have？
（3）For example， if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal， you should do it face to face， using formal language in a straightforward manner.
（4）Seek to understand the other person’s emotions， by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①reaction ②with ③against ④to ⑤how they react
2.①in ②into ③put yourself in my shoes/are in my shoes
3.①for ②in ③sympathetic
④Out of sympathy for the earthquake victims
4.①on ②for ③On ④take； into account/consideration
5.①of ②trying ③approval ④approving ⑤approved ⑥approve of her daughter going out
Part Ⅱ
1.①Not only the students but also the teacher was
②will all kinds of paper-cutting works be on display
③can practicing Chinese kung fu build up one’s strength
2.①did I realize ②can we spend
③can the children grow up
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）逗号 1、3 （2）逗号 2、4、5、6 that
即时演练1
①which ②who/that ③whose ④that ⑤that
⑥that/which
即时演练2
①when I first met him
②where states were often at war with each other
③why my favourite sport is playing basketball
即时演练3
①to which the Greens are devoted ②As is reported in the newspapers ③when/on which I was admitted into a university ④some of whom will offer help to him
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to exercise/exercising ②surfing
③She prefers to walk to work rather than drive a car.
She would rather walk to work than drive a car.
2.①to visit/visiting ②is intended ③intention ④to study
⑤had intended ⑥intended for international students
3.①to/with ②corresponding ③correspondence
④we corresponded with each other
4.①to/towards ②behaviour ③on④behave myself before the guests
Part Ⅱ
①embarrassing ②embarrassed ③embarrassment④was very embarrassed to hear
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.contribute to 2.Chinese economy 3.invest
4.do business with 5.communicate 6.long and rich culture
7.inspire sb to do sth 8.keep booming
遣词造句
1.It is true that more and more foreigners are learning Chinese.
2.There are two main reasons which can contribute to Chinese learning craze.
3.Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China.
4.Of all these can be done better by communicating in Chinese.
5.The long and rich Chinese culture inspires foreigners to learn more about China.
6.It can be predicated that with the continuous development of China， the Chinese learning craze will keep booming.
第三步
1.There are three main reasons contributing to Chinese learning craze.
2.Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China， all of which can be done better by communicating in Chinese.
第四步
Dear Tom，
It is true that more and more foreigners are learning Chinese.There are two main reasons contributing to Chinese learning craze.
Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China， all of which can be done better by communicating in Chinese.The long and rich Chinese culture inspires foreigners to learn more about China.That is another reason for Chinese learning craze.
It can be predicated that with the continuous development of China， the Chinese learning craze will keep booming.
Yours，
Li Hua
即时演练
Dear Henry，
Our school will hold a cultural activity themed “The Beauty of Chinese Characters” in the stadium on Tuesday. I’m glad to invite you to attend it.
There are a lot of events in the activity， including watching movies about the development history of Chinese characters and writing ancient poems and so on. Participating in this activity will make you more interested in the Chinese language.As is known to all， the Chinese language is playing a very important role in the world. Learning it well will help us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
Hope you can be present at this activity on time！
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Borrowed words 2.reasons 3.process 4.attitudes
5.Welcoming 6.gone out of style
第二步
1－5 DADCB
第三步
2.For example， English words that are borrowed into the Chinese language include “bacon”， “tank” and “golf”.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①into ②integration ③Writing about a topic helps you integrate new knowledge with what you already know.
2.①building ②to ③being treated ④firmly oppose/am firmly opposed to using disposable chopsticks
3.①to be trapped ②to/towards ③tend to decrease； have a tendency to decrease
Part Ⅱ
①pessimistic ②pessimism ③are pessimistic about
Part Ⅲ
①the harder； the more likely ②The more； the more interesting ③The more difficult； the less likely ④The more books； the more knowledge ⑤The fewer； the harder
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.enterprise 2.straightforward 3.friction 4.tone
5.gain 6.somewhat 7.intervention 8.pessimistic
9.linguist 10.canteen 11.contest
Ⅰ.1.slipped 2.mail 3.jam 4.accent 5.handwriting
6.feedback 7.vocabulary 8.sympathy 9.obtain
10.knowledgeable
二、1.react 2.gentle 3.competent 4.suit 5.approve
6.precisely 7.preference 8.embarrassed 9.intention
10.correspond 11.behave 12.tolerate 13.recite
14.fluent 15.cooperate 16.reject 17.tendency
18.sincerely
Ⅱ.1.preference 2.fluency 3.rejected 4.embarrassment
5.intention 6.reaction 7.gently 8.precisely
9.suitable 10.approval 11.sincerely 12.cooperation
三、1.put yourself in sb’s shoes 2.account for sth
3.approve of 4.broaden one’s mind 5.function as
6.attract one’s attention 7.face to face 8.refer to
Ⅲ.1.accounts for 2.Putting yourself in their shoes
3.approve of 4.broaden your mind 5.function as
四、1.not only； but also
2.The longer； the more
3.It is also through those words that
Ⅳ.1.not only clever but also very humorous
2.The more； the greater
3.It was in China that
夯实素材储备
一、1.One day， a speech contest was held in a kindergarten.
2.The first one to come onto the stage was a beautiful and competent girl， whose name was Rose.
3.She recited a poem clearly，fluently and full of emotion， gaining warm applause.
4.Just at that moment， she slipped and fell down.
5.She felt embarrassed and pessimistic， and even wanted to give up.
6.I gave her a gesture， encouraging her to go on.
7.To my relief， she stood up and finished her speech successfully.
二、
One day， a speech contest was held in a kindergarten. The first one to come onto the stage was a beautiful and competent girl， whose name was Rose. She recited a poem clearly， fluently and full of emotion， gaining warm applause. Just at that moment， she slipped and fell down.She felt embarrassed and pessimistic， and even wanted to give up.I gave her a gesture， encouraging her to go on. To my relief， she stood up and finished her speech successfully.
UNIT 3 Careers and skills
【单元话题导入】
1.salary； earning a living 2.attained； prejudice； lawyers； servants 3.consideration； career
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.earning 2.attained 3.personal growth 4.health
5.make a life
第二步
1－5 ACBDC
第三步
2.At the most basic level， different types of jobs are like gears in a machine.They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly.
①The Sun is burning the Earth like fire.
②I reached out to touch her face， which was as cold as the ice.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①of ②fondly ③with ④on ⑤I’ve always been fond of poetry
2.①receiving ②anticipation ③in ④It is anticipated that
3.①on ②operator ③operation ④come/go into operation in May this year
Part Ⅱ
①for ②with ③passionate ④be full of passion
Part Ⅲ
1.①whoever/no matter who you are talking to ②No matter what you say ③No matter which road you take
④Whenever I’m in trouble
2.①it no good reading in bed ②feel it pleasant to work
③makes it possible for us to travel around the world
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）名词 that （2）主语 宾语 同位语 表语 （3）it
即时演练1
①that ②that ③whether ④that ⑤if/whether ⑥that
即时演练2
①whatever ②how ③When ④what ⑤who
⑥Whichever ⑦whoever ⑧whose ⑨where ⑩whom
即时演练3
①it ②when ③that ④whether ⑤It
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.dream of 2.chef 3.meet people’s taste
4.advantage 5.broad horizons 6.create new tasty food
7.realize one’s dream 8.passion
遣词造句
1.I dream of being a chef in the future.
2.The chef makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.
3.I have some advantages to be a chef.
4.On the one hand， my experiences of travelling to different places provide me with broad horizons of food culture.
5.On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun.
6.However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream.
7.In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.
8.With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！
第三步
1.I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.
2.On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture.
第四步
My Career Plan
I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. I have some advantages to be a chef. On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture. On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun. However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream. In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.
With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！
即时演练
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am Li Hua， a college student.Knowing that volunteers are needed to teach foreigners Chinese， I am writing to apply for this position.
I’m convinced that I will be the right person for the position.To start with， not only do I have a good knowledge of Chinese， but I’m also fluent in English， which enables me to communicate with foreigners more easily.In addition， I’m quite familiar with some traditional Chinese arts like paper-cutting and calligraphy， thus giving me an opportunity to introduce Chinese culture to foreigners.Therefore， I think I’m qualified and suitable for the position.
I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance.Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【核心知识·巧突破】
①to take ②for ③qualified ④qualifications
⑤am qualified for this job
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.what to do 2.job interview 3.before 4.during 5.after
6.one step closer
第二步
1－5 DACBA
第三步
2.（1）Asking questions not only gives you a better picture of the company， but also allows you to address any strengths you weren’t able to bring up naturally. For example， “Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan.Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there？”
（2）①处于有利地位，有优势 ②熟能生巧
③早起或早到的人 ④全力以赴 ⑤理想的彼岸
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to join ②Applying yourself to the job in hand； Apply yourself to the job in hand， and you’ll soon finish it.
③There were over 500 applicants for the job.
2.①to ②priority ③to ④prior to planting
3.①relevance ②relevantly ③to
④turn in the relevant materials
Part Ⅱ
①telling ②for ③to inform us in advance of his delay
Part Ⅲ
1.①what to do to keep calm ②which to buy hasn’t been decided yet ③how to cut paper
2.①when exercising ②as if painted yesterday
③When asked why he came here
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.attain 2.fond 3.prejudice 4.consultant 5.budget
6.loan 7.client 8.institute 9.label 10.profile
11.criterion 12.shave 13.mode 14.infer 15.genuine
16.duration 17.premier 18.convey
Ⅰ.1.servants 2.hire 3.salary 4.delay 5.lawyer
6.swing 7.rainbow 8.candidates 9.seize
10.temporary 11.labour 12.superior 13.justify
二、1.passion 2.anticipate 3.operate 4.commercial
5.detective 6.qualification 7.applicant 8.prior
9.refreshed 10.rude 11.relevant 12.firm 13.corporate
Ⅱ.1.operation 2.anticipated 3.firmly 4.qualified
5.applicants； applied； application 6.relevant
7.refreshed 8.rudely 9.commercial 10.Detectives 11.corporation
三、1.earn a living 2.be fond of 3.comfort zone 4.weigh up
5.put sth on the line 6.swing into action 7.gain the upper hand 8.prior to 9.for the duration 10.put one’s best foot forward 11.in the direction of 12.adapt to 13.be satisfied with 14.look back on 15.make a list of 16.set off
Ⅲ.1.weigh up 2.gain the upper hand 3.are fond of
4.put your best foot forward 5.for the duration
6.look back on 7.set off 8.make a list of
四、1.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be
2.makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills
3.what to do
4.When answering
Ⅳ.1.Whatever happens
2.makes it difficult for us to hear
3.how to get there
4.Although/Though built
夯实素材储备
一、1.Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter.
2.Her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line.
3.Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family.
4.She dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk.
5.She is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.
二、
Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter. But her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line. Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family. So she dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk. But she is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.
UNIT 4 Never too old to learn
【单元话题导入】
1.self-worth； verbal 2.inquire； cease
3.bound； educator； wisdom
Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.understand 2.rapidly 3.environments 4.knowledge 5.mind 6.opportunities 7.improvement 8.cease
第二步
1－5 DDCBA
第三步
2.（1）Also， as the great educator Confucius stated， “When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”
（2）①Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！
②Therefore， know what you know and use it； know what you do not know and embrace it； know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①for ②in ③by ④with ⑤are bound to favour you
2.①resolution ②resolved ③resolved an early start； resolved on making an early start/to start early； made a resolution to start early
3.①with ②refreshment ③refreshed ④refreshing
⑤make us refreshed
4.①of ②into
③Whenever a customer would inquire about my book
5.①assumption ②It ③to be ④that
⑤Assuming （that） you are interested in it
Part Ⅱ
①to ②subscription ③for
④subscribed to the view that
Part Ⅲ
1.①to be held the next day ②have anything to be taken to your son ③the only artist to achieve four number ones ④have the opportunity to ask any questions
2.①It was his best friend that/who ②Was it in the park that ③What was it that ④it was not until the early 19th century that
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1、2 4 3、5 6
即时演练1
①SV ②SVA ③SVO ④SVP ⑤存现句 ⑥SVOA ⑦SVOO
即时演练2
①but ②and ③and ④while ⑤so
即时演练3
①where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet
②Because I like it ③Whatever/No matter what I suggest ④as if/though nothing had happened ⑤when we’ll go to the zoo， but he doesn’t know
【核心知识·巧突破】
①Occupied ②occupation ③Occupying themselves （in） making and selling popcorn； Occupied （in） making and selling popcorn
Section Ⅲ Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.as Bacon said 2.broaden our horizons
3.call on sb to do sth 4.be accessible to
5.make it convenient for sb to do sth
6.prefer 7.be supposed to 8.swing into action
遣词造句
1.As Bacon said， reading makes a full man.
2.Reading can not only broaden our horizons， but also make us clever and happy.
3.I am writing to call on all of you to read more.
4.Smartphones are easily accessible to people， and make it convenient for the young to read online.
5.Seniors prefer to read/show preference for these printed books.
6.You all are supposed to find a way to read.
7.Whatever book you like， and wherever you get it， it is of equal benefit as long as the book is of nutrition and suitable to read.
8.It’s time for you all to swing into action， ready to read more books.
第三步
1.Not only can reading broaden our horizons， but it also makes us clever and happy.
2.Smartphones are easily accessible to people， making it convenient for the young to read online.
3.These printed books are what seniors prefer to read/show preference for.
4.It’s time that you all swung into action， ready to read more books.
第四步
As Bacon said， reading makes a full man.Not only can reading broaden our horizons， but it also makes us clever and happy， so I am writing to call on all of you to read more.
With technology developing， smartphones are easily accessible to people， making it convenient for the young to read online， while these printed books are what seniors prefer to read/show preference for.Therefore， you all are supposed to find a way to read.Whatever book you like， and wherever you get it， it is of equal benefit as long as the book is of nutrition and suitable to read.
It’s time that you all swung into action， ready to read more books.
即时演练
Good morning， dear friends，
The advance of new technologies has changed our reading habits， but we still need libraries in the digital age.Here are the reasons.Firstly， in libraries we can search published books for more reliable information because we cannot make sure the information we find online is accurate.Secondly， in libraries we can enjoy not only comfortable seats but also a quiet space for deep thinking.Besides， when many people still don’t have access to the Internet， libraries are there for every individual in the community， free of charge.
To sum up， even in the digital age， libraries still have their advantages.
Thanks for your listening！
Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.graduation 2.certificate 3.campus 4.assignment
5.projects 6.professor 7.preparation 8.ready
第二步
1－5 ABCDD
第三步
2.（1）I was happy and relieved， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？ This short walk was going to launch me into a whole new world.How would I manage？ Would I be able to carve out a career for myself？
（2）The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups， carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory buildings.I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus.I took a deep breath and carried on into the heart of the campus.Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①composer； compositions
②is composed of； is made up of； consists of
2.①reference ②referring ③as
④is not allowed to refer to the notes
Part Ⅱ
1.①before he found water ②before you forget it
③had not waited long before ④It was not long before
⑤Before I could think of a reply ⑥It was three days before ⑦it’ll still be some time before
2.①did I have ②did they actually break
③had David arrived at the finish line when
④Never have I heard such a strange thing
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.bound 2.objective 3.concrete 4.reasoning
5.prospect 6.institution 7.tablet 8.certificate
9.breast 10.dormitory 11.sneeze 12.draft 13.polish
14.cafeteria
Ⅰ.1.blank 2.abstract 3.paragraphs 4.composition
5.librarian 6.mature 7.curtains 8.drawer 9.motor 10.laptop
二、1.educator 2.resolve 3.refresh 4.criticize 5.inquire
6.register 7.subscribe 8.comprehension
9.assumption 10.occupation 11.qualify 12.competence 13.random 14.tight 15.reference 16.presentation
Ⅱ.1.qualified 2.refreshed 3.tightly 4.education
5.registration 6.comprehension 7.competence
8.occupies； occupation 9.assumed； assumption
10.presentations； presented 11.inquired； inquiries
12.reference； refer
三、1.be bound to 2.keep pace with sb/sth 3.subscribe to
4.in a flash 5.compose oneself 6.bounce ideas off sb
7.point out 8.reflect on 9.be responsible for
Ⅲ.1.are bound to 2.keep pace with 3.subscribe to
4.point out 5.reflect on
四、1.The ability to admit this
2.make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas
3.when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate
4.Before I knew it
Ⅳ.1.his ability to do the job
2.make me nervous
3.when I reunite with you
4.before I go out
夯实素材储备
一、1.Having been told his father passed away，Tony’s mind went blank in a flash.
2.Regret and shame occupied him， tears streaming into his eyes.
3.He criticized himself for his previous naughty behaviour.
4.Gradually， he composed and refreshed himself.
5.He resolved to study hard to get a certificate earlier to help Mom earn money and support his family.
6.His professor and roommates believed he was bound to achieve his objective.
二、
Having been told his father passed away， Tony’s mind went blank in a flash. Regret and shame occupied him， tears streaming into his eyes. He criticized himself for his previous naughty behaviour. Gradually， he composed and refreshed himself. He resolved to study hard to get a certificate earlier to help Mom earn money and support his family.His professor and roommates believed he was bound to achieve his objective.
1 / 3Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
复杂句分析
阅读下列句子并思考各个句子的类型。
1.Vocational education is not a new idea.
2.It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands-on training in the workplace.
3.Vocational education is no less important than academic education because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field.
4.In today’s rapidly developing society， vocational education is becoming more and more valuable and it gives applicants an advantage in the job market.
5.For example， motor repair is one field that allows for such career development.
6.According to one vocational school student， they are now encouraged to “learn by doing” and “learn through trial and error”， and they focus more on how to complete an assignment rather than just memorizing what teachers say in class.
【我的发现】
以上例句中，句 为简单句；句 为并列句；句 为主从复合句；句 为并列主从复合句。
英语中的句子按照句子结构可分为四类：简单句、并列句、主从复合句和并列主从复合句。
一、简单句
含有一个主谓结构的句子称为简单句。有时，简单句包含很多修饰语，这使句子变得很长。要准确理解句子，需要厘清句子的结构，找到主语和谓语。
主谓：主语＋ 谓语（SV） The rain stopped.雨停了。 主语 谓语
主谓宾：主 语＋谓语＋ 宾语（SVO） He enjoys reading. 主语 谓语 宾语 他喜欢读书。
主系表：主语＋连系 动词＋表语（SVP） This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 主语 连系动词 表语 这是一本英汉词典。
主谓宾宾：主语＋谓 语＋间接宾语＋直 接宾语（SVOO） My mother bought me a dictionary. 主语 谓语 间接 宾语 直接宾语 我妈妈给我买了一本词典。
主谓宾补： 主语＋谓 语＋宾语 ＋宾语补 语（SVOC） They painted the door green. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补语 他们把门刷成了绿色。 He asked me to come back soon. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补语 他让我快点回来。 I heard him singing a song. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补语 我听到他在唱歌。
主谓状：主 语＋谓语＋ 状语（SVA） The sun rises in the east. 主语 谓语 状语 太阳从东方升起。
主谓宾状：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 （SVOA） He put the coffee on the table. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 他把咖啡放在了桌子上。
存现句：引导词there 引导的句子 There are many customers in the shop. 谓语 主语 状语 商店里有很多顾客。
【即时演练1】 写出下列句子的句子结构
①What he said does not matter.
②His parents have worked in the company for ten years.
③They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party.
④The old couple seemed very happy together.
⑤There are 45 students in our class.
⑥I want to have a cup of tea very much.
⑦She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
二、并列句
并列句是指由并列连词连接的两个或更多的分句构成的句子，常见的并列连词有 and、or、but 等。要准确理解并列句，需要找到并列连词，弄清楚各分句之间的关系。
连词 举例
并列关系 and、both ...and、as well as、not only ...but （also）、neither ...nor
转折关系 but、however、while、still、yet
选择关系 or、whether ...or、either ...or 、 not ...but
因果关系 for、so/so that、therefore、because
固定句式 祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句；when作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”
The sky suddenly went dark and it started to rain.（并列关系）
天空骤然转暗，随即下起雨来。
I’d asked everybody but only two people came.（转折关系）
每个人我都请了，却只来了两个人。
Take the chance， or you will regret it.（转折关系）
抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。
You’d better take an umbrella， for it is going to rain.（因果关系）
你最好带把伞，因为要下雨了。
He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.（be about to do ...when ）
他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。
Hurry up， or you’ll be late again.（祈使句＋or＋陈述句）
快点，否则你会再迟到。
【即时演练2】 选词填空（and， but， or， so， while， for）
①I was glad to meet Jenny again， I didn’t want to spend all day with her.
②Think it over， you’ll find a way out.
③One day， I was late， my teacher was angry.
④He fell in love with the girl he was on a visit to New York.
⑤They have different ideas， they have solved the problem in different ways.
三、主从复合句
主从复合句是指含有从句的复合句。要准确理解主从复合句，需要分析句子结构，找到主句和从句，并识别从句的种类。
类型 分类 例句
定语 从句 限制性定 语从句 Those who want to go please sign their names here. 想去的人请在这里签名。
非限制性 定语从句 We will put off the outing until the next week， when we won’t be so busy. 我们将把郊游推迟到下周，那时我们就不那么忙了。
名 词 性 从 句 主语从句 Whether he will come or not is still unknown. 他是否会来还不知道。
宾语从句 Please tell me whether or not you agree with him. 请告诉我你是否同意他（的观点）。
表语从句 This is where I don’t agree. 这是我不赞同的地方。
同位语 从句 I have no idea when she will be back. 我不知道她会什么时候回来。
状 语 从 句 时间状 语从句 I met him when I was walking in the park. 我在公园里散步时遇到了他。
原因状 语从句 Now that you are all here， let’s try and reach a decision. 既然你们都来了，让我们试着作出决定。
目的状 语从句 We sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach them in good time. 我们用航空邮件邮寄这封信，以便他们能及时收到。
类型 分类 例句
状 语 从 句 结果状 语从句 Bring it near so that I may see it better. 把它拿近一点，好让我看得更清楚。
条件状 语从句 As long as we don’t lose heart， we will find a way to overcome the difficulty. 只要我们不泄气，就会找到克服困难的方法。
让步状 语从句 Though we fight like cat and dog， we still love each other. 虽然我们像猫狗一样打架，但我们仍然彼此相爱。
比较状 语从句 She is still as active as she used to be. 她仍然像以前一样活跃。
方式状 语从句 He speaks as if there were a frog in his throat. 他说起话来好像喉咙里有只青蛙。
四、并列主从复合句
有些句子既包括并列分句，又含有从句，我们称之为并列主从复合句。要准确理解这种复杂的句子，需要分析句子结构，弄清楚各分句以及主从句之间的逻辑关系。
（1）Some people know what they want to do from a young age， but more people just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.
有的人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
句式分析：这是由转折连词but连接的并列主从复合句，表达前后两种情况的对比。前半部分是“主谓宾状”结构，其中含有what引导的宾语从句；后半部分是“主谓宾”结构，其中的bouncing around in their heads作后置定语修饰ideas。
（2）But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well， because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability， and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
但以任何标准来看，这项工作对我们都是值得的；因为它表明，我们是关注世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，我们为构建人类命运共同体作好了准备。
句式分析：这是一个并列主从复合句。第一层从because分开，前面的主句为“主系表”结构，because后面直到句尾是一个“主谓宾”结构的原因状语从句，用来说明“这项工作对我们都是值得的”的理由。第二层，原因状语从句内部包含两个由that引导的宾语从句，作show的宾语。第三层，两个that引导的宾语从句是并列关系，也都是“主系表”结构。
【即时演练3】 完成句子
①Wuhan lies .
武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。
② ， I do it.
因为我喜欢，所以我才干。
③ ， he always disagrees.
无论我建议什么，他总是不同意。
④He acted .
他装得似乎什么事也未发生过。
⑤I ask him .
我问他我们什么时候去动物园，但他不知道。
occupation n.工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用
【教材原句】 It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands-on training in the workplace.
它通常通过在课堂上教授理论和在工作场所提供实践培训，让人们在特定职业中工作作好准备。
【用法】
（1）occupy vt. 占用，使用；占领，侵占；使忙于 occupy oneself （in） doing sth/with sth 忙着做某事/忙于某事 （2）occupied adj. 已被占用的；无空闲的；在使用中的；被占领的 be occupied （in） doing sth/with sth 忙着做某事/忙于某事
【佳句】 What do you imagine will be your future occupation？
你认为自己将来会从事什么职业呢？
One of his occupations is fishing， which occupies most of his spare time.他的业余活动之一是钓鱼，这占用了他大部分的空闲时间。
【联想】 表示“忙于做某事”的其他表达
be busy doing sth、be busy with sth、be engaged in doing sth
【练透】 单句语法填空
① （occupy） with my assignments， I can’t go shopping with mother this morning.
②Choosing an （occupy） takes time， and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
【写美】 句式升级
③Because they were occupied （in） making and selling popcorn， they spared no time to play around.
→ ， they spared no time to play around.（动词-ing短语作状语）
→ ， they spared no time to play around.（过去分词短语作状语）
提示：完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ
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